.NIA. 


RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS 


OF  THE 


GRAND  ARMY  OF  THE  REPUBLIC 


WITH    A    COMPLETE    ACCOUNT    OF    THE 


TWENTIETH    NATIONAL    ENCAMPMENT, 


Being  a  careful  compilation  of  Biographical  Sketches,  well  arranged  and  indexed,  to  which 

are  added  the  Notable  Speeches  of  the  Twentieth  National  Encampment,  together 

with  a  full  account  of  the  Proceedings,  and  a  Chronological  Summary 

of  the  Important  Events  of  the  Civil  War. 


A   HISTORY  OF  THE   GROWTH,    USEFULNESS,    AND   IMPORTANT  EVENTS   OF 

THE    GRAND    ARMY    OF    THE    REPUBLIC,     FROM    ITS 

ORIGIN  TO   THE   PRESENT  TIME. 


EDITED     BY 

WILLIAM    H.    WARD. 


SAN    FRANCISCO: 

H.  S.  CROCKER  &  CO.,  STATIONERS  AND  PUBLISHERS,  215-219  BUSH  STREET. 

1887. 


f-~ 


Entered,  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1886,  by 

WIIJJAM     H.     WARD, 
In  the  Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 


TO 

THE   SOLDIERS    AND    SAILORS 

WHO    FOUGHT    SO    NOBLY 
FOR  THE 

PRESERVATION    OF    THE    UNION 

THIS    WORK    IS    DEDICATED. 


1.15671 


PRESS  NOTICES  FROM  LEADING  PUBLICATIONS. 


[San  Francisco  Chronicle.] 

A  work  of  unusual  historical  and  personal  interest,  and  which  will  go  far  toward  perpetuating  the 
memories  of  the  forthcoming  encampment  here,  is  now  in  course  of  preparation  by  William  H.  Ward,  of  this 
city.  It  embraces  a  record  of  the  members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  compiled  from  statistics  for 
warded  by  the  veterans  themselves,  and'a  complete  account  of  the  twentieth  annual  encampment.  Such  a 
work  enters  a  field  never  before  covered,  and  it  goes  without  saying  that  to  every  member  of  the  order,  to  all 
their  friends,  and  to  those  who  had  relatives  in  the  ranks,  it  will  be  of  intense  and  absorbing  interest.  It  will 
form  a  military  encyclopaedia,  by  means  of  which,  at  a  glance,  each  soldier  can  trace  his  comrades  of  the 
field.  The  historical  portion,  covering  the  encampment,  will  include  reports  of  the  principal  speeches,  a 
general  description  of  the  ceremonies,  decorations,  and  entertainments,  and  forms,  doubtless,  the  fullest,  most 
graphic,  and  complete  work  of  reference  upon  the  subject  obtainable.  The  title  is:  "Records  of  the 
Members  of  the  G.  A.  R." 

[San  Francisco  Examiner.] 

"  Records  of  Members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic'.'  is  the  title  of  a  handsomely  bound  volume 
which  has  just  made  its  appearance  in  the  literary  world.  It  is  the  work  of  William  H.  Ward,  and  is  dedicated 
by  him  to  the  "  soldiers  and  sailors  who  fought  so  nobly  for  the  preservation  of  the  Union."  It  is  a  valuable 
book  of  reference,  and  should  occupy  space  in  every  library.  It  contains  a  careful  compilation  of  biographical 
sketches,  well  arranged  and  indexed,  to  which  are  added  the  notable  speeches  delivered  during  the  twentieth 
national  encampment.  A  history  of  the  growth  and  usefulness  of  the  organization,  a  chronological  history 
of  the  battles  of  the  war,  and  a  concise  account  of  the  events  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  from  its  origin  to  the  present 
time,  are  also  features  of  its  contents.  In  his  preface,  the  author  states  that  the  result  of  his  labors  consists 
in  the  records  of  thousands  who  upheld  the  flag,  and  the  book  is  a  testimony  to  the  excellent  organization 
they  have  formed.  It  is  a  step  toward  an  encyclopaedia  of  information  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  and,  no  doubt,  many  a 
comrade  will  find  a  familiar  name  among  its  pages.  The  work  was  suggested  by  a  fruitless  search  for  infor 
mation  in  reference  to  previous  encampments,  and  the  organization,  history,  and  personnel-  of  the  grandest 
army  of  the  world.  It  aims  to  be  a  treasury  of  facts,  accurate  in  its  details.  Henceforth,  when  information  is 
•wanted,  upon  the  subject  of  which  it  treats,  it  may  be  found  compiled  in  permanent  and  accessible  form.  It 
has  been  verified  by  some  of  the  most  prominent  veterans  of  the  war.  The  appearance  of  the  volume 
containing  such  a  fund  of  information,  at  this  epoch  of  the  history  of  the  organization,  will,  no  doubt,  enhance 
its  value,  and  the  editor  deserves  credit  for  his  enterprise. 

[Pacific  Veteran.] 

Previous  to,  and  during,  the  late  encampment,  the  office  of  this  paper  was  visited  by  reporters  from 
various  journals,  seeking  information  relative  to  the  history  of  the  Grand  Army  and  its  prominent  members. 
In  many  cases  the  desired  information  was  imparted,  and  in  others  it  could  not  be  found.  Realizing  the  want 
and  the  greatness  of  the  work,  Mr.  William  H.  Ward  early  began  to  secure  and  compile  all  matters  of  interest 
pertaining  to  the  origin,  growth,  and  work  of  the  order,  and  the  biographies  of  prominent  members  belonging 
to  it,  and  the  result  of  his  research  and  earnest  labor  is  being  published  in  a  fine,  large  volume,  to  be  sold  by 
subscription.  We  have  examined  some  of  the  advance  sheets,  and  most  heartily  commend  the  matter,  typog 
raphy,  and  style  of  the  work,  and  urge  upon  our  comrades,  everywhere,  to  obtain  it  as  an  invaluable 
reference,  necessary  in  all  posts  and  other  libraries. 

[Golden  Bra  Magazine.] 

William  H.  Ward  has  shown  indomitable  enterprise  in  planning,  and  having  advanced  to  success,  the 
publication  of  "The  Records  of  Members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic."  It  is  an  enterprise  as 
important  as  the  publication  of  any  volume  of  recent  years.  The  work  is  being  rapidly  pushed,  and  comrades 
are  being  furnished  with  blank  forms  for  giving  their  biographies,  military  and  civil  records,  etc.  It  is  the 
intention  of  the  author  to  complete  the  first  volume  by  December  ist  of  this  year.  The  first  volume  will  be 
miscellany  mostly,  and  is  made  up  of  useful  information  about  the  armies  of  the  United  States,  and  the  order 
of  the  G.  A.  R.  The  work  will  not  be  completed  until  each  member  shall  be  given  his  record,  so  that  it  may 
be  handed  down  in  book-form. 

[Sunday  World.] 

A  cursory  glance  over  the  contents- of  this  invaluable  record  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  shows 
it  to  be  replete  with  details  of  interest  to  the  general  public,  while  it  will  be  of  special  value  to  the  relatives  of 
those  whose  valor  and  virtue  it  records,  and  it  will,  no  doubt,  be  handed  down  as  an  heirloom  in  many 
families,  and  become  more  and  more  valued  as  the  passing  years  shall  have  thrown  an  heroic  mantle  over 
the  brave  deeds  and  tragic  events  of  rebellions  history  has  recorded. 

The  work  will  be  beautifully  printed,  and  elegantly  bound.  We  presage  for  this  literary  undertaking 
the  great  measure  of  success  to  which  it  is  justly  entitled,  by  reason  of  the  industry  and  talent  displayed  in  its 
compilation,  by  the  author,  WILLIAM  H.  WARD. 


PREFACE. 


When  in  the  summer  of  1886  the  Twentieth  National  Encampment  of  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic  assembled  in  San  Francisco,  California,  there  was  a  natural 
desire  in  the  community  to  learn  all  that  was  possible  about  an  organization  which 
commanded  such  unbounded  enthusiasm  and  was  so  warmly  welcomed.  The  press 
of  the  city  published  voluminous  accounts  of  the  receptions  of  the  veterans,  the 
history  of  the  most  distinguished  among  them,  and  many  other  interesting  items 
connected  with  the  order.  These  publications,  though  elaborate  in  many  respects, 
reflecting  great  credit  on  the  industrious,  painstaking  research  of  the  editorial  and 
reportorial  staff,  as  well  as  numerous  contributors,  were  necessarily  inconvenient  for 
preservation,  and  there  was  also  much  important  data  which  had  unavoidably  to  be 
omitted  for  want  of  space.  The  great  value  of  these  articles  of  the  San  Francisco 
press  immediately  previous  and  during  the  encampment  caused  the  suggestion  from 
many  different  members  of  the  order  that  a  work  which  would  give  in  permanent 
and  accessible  form  a  history  of  the  order,  the  record  of  the  Twentieth  National 
Encampment,  and  biographical  sketches  of  members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  was  exceedingly  desirable  and  would  be  generally  appreciated.  It  was 
under  these  circumstances  that  the  book  was  commenced.  How  far  it  is  a  success  will 
be  for  those  personally  interested  to  judge.  It  will  be  seen  that  it  is  a  history  of 
private  soldiers  as  well  as  commissioned  officers,  and  shows  the  admirable  material 
of  which  the  rank  and  file  of  the  armies  of  the  United  States  in  the  late  Civil  War 
were  composed.  They  came  from  the  different  pursuits  of  life ;  they  largely  repre 
sented  the  intelligence,  the  moral  and  patriotic  sentiment,  and  the  best  elements  of 
the  social  and  political  system  of  the  country. 

Great  care  has  been  taken  to  be  accurate  in  all  the  statements.  The  data  has 
been  obtained  either  directly  from  the  parties  themselves,  their  friends,  official  sources 
or  reliable  publications.  The  purpose  has  been  to  narrate  the  facts  concerning  the 
military,  civil,  and  Grand  Army  record  of  each  member,  in  a  plain  manner,  entirely 
devoid  of  coloring.  The  work  is  a  step  towards  an  encyclopedia  of  the  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic,  and  we  trust  that  many  a  comrade  may  find  a  familiar  name  in  these 
pages.  A  second  volume  of  this  work  will  be  issued  at  an  early  date  which  will  give 
the  history  of  the  Grand  Army  as  it  appears  herein,  and  will  contain  the  biographies 
of  other  comrades  unavoidably  crowded  out  of  the  first  volume. 

It  is  but  proper  and  just  that  acknowledgments  should  be  made  to  Past  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  Robert  B.  Beath,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  for  valuable  assistance 
and  suggestions  in  the  revision  of  the  History. 


HISTORY 


OF  THE; 


GRAND  ARMY  OF  THE  REPUBLIC 


ITS  GROWTH  AND  USEFULNESS. 


More  than  a  million  men  were  mustered  out  of  the  Union  Army  following  the 
cessation  of  the  civil  war. 

Four  years  of  fierce  and  constant  struggling  in  an  unprecedented  war  had 
endeared  the  name  of  comrade  to  every  true  soldier. 

France,  under  the  leadership  of  that  wonderful  military  genius  the  first  Napoleon, 
for  nearly  twenty  years  kept  all  Europe  in  constant  turmoil,  but  in  all  that  length 
ened  period  there  wrere  not  as  many  battles  as  during  the  four  years  of  the  Rebellion, 
and  the  number  killed  and  wounded  on  both  sides  exceeded  that  of  the  numerous 
wars  of  England  from  the  times  of  William  the  Conqueror  to  the  present  date. 

The  engagements  and  battles  in  1861,  the  first  year  of  the  war,  and  which  was 
virtually  that  of  preparation  for  the  tremendous  conflicts  that  ensued,  only  ending 
with  the  exhaustion  of  the  South,  numbered  156  ;  in  1862  they  amounted  to  561  ;  in 
1863  they  were  626  ;  in  1864  they  rose  to  779,  and  in  the  few  months  of  1865,  which 
was  its  termination,  there  were  135  battles,  making  in  all  2,257. 

The  war  commenced  with  the  firing  on  Fort  Sumter,  April  12,  1861.  It  may  be 
properly  stated  to  have  ended  with  the  surrender  of  General  Lee  at  Appomatfox, 
April  9,  1865,  though  some  minor  engagements  occurred  afterwards.  General  Joseph 
E.  Johnston  surrendered  with  the  forces  in  North  Carolina  under  his  command  April 
26th,  and  General  Kirby  Smith,  who  commanded  the  last  considerable  body  of  troops 
of  the  Confederacy,  on  May  26th,  in  Texas. 

In  this  desperate  struggle  of  four  years  thousands  sacrificed  their  lives  defending 
the  nation's  flag,  thousands  fell  by  the  wayside  crippled,  maimed,  and  diseased,  a 
great  many  of  whom  survived  and  are  living  to-day  vividly  illustrating  the  hardships 
of ,a  soldier's  life.  Soon  those  ties  of  brotherhood,  born  and  cherished  on  the  battle 
field,  would  be  broken.  The  conflict  had  ended,  and  the  cause  of  good  government 
and  a  free  people  witnessed  a  triumph. 

Regiment  after  regiment  was  separated,  and  the  soldier  who  had  served  his 
country  so  nobly  and  passed  through  the  perils  of  warfare  would  now  turn  his  face 
towards  home  and  loved  ones  anxiously  awaiting  his  return  with  welcoming  arms 
outstretched. 

With  profound  feelings  of  sympathy  for  those  brave  heroes  who  had  fallen  while 
serving  their  country,  the  soldier  of  the  civil  war  returned  home  to  follow  the  peaceful 
avocations  of  life,  carrying  with  him  the  feeling  that  those  ties  of  mutual  brotherhood 
which  prompted  one  another  to  join  hand  in  hand  and  march  with  uniform  love  and 


6  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

harmony  in  the  cause  of  their  country's  flag,  should  be  made  perpetual ;  and  the  old 
bonds  of  fraternity  and  clasp  of  hand  should  be  renewed. 

With  this  purpose  in  view  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  was  organized  April 
6,  1866,  in  Decatur,  the  county  seat  of  Macon  County,  Illinois.  Its  originator  was 
Dr.  Benjamin  F.  Stephenson,  a  physician  of  Springfield,  Illinois,  who  had  served 
during  the  war  as  surgeon  of  the  i4th  Illinois  Infantry.  He  had  spent  many  weeks 
in  study  and  plans  so  that  the  Order  might  be  one  that  would  meet  with  the  general 
approval  of  the  surviving  comrades  of  the  war,  and  thus  insure  their  hearty  co-opera 
tion.  He  made  a  draft  of  a  ritual,  and  sent  it  by  Captain  John  S.  Phelps  to  Decatur, 
where  two  veterans,  Messrs.  Coltrin  and  Prior,  had  a  printing-office.  These  gentle 
men,  with  their  employees,  who  had  been  in  the  service,  were  first  obligated  to  secrecy, 
and  the  ritual  was  then  placed  in  type  in  their  office. 

Captain  Phelps  returned  to  Springfield  with  proofs  of  the  ritual,  but  the  comrades 
in  Decatur  were  so  interested  in  the  project,  that  with  the  active  assistance  of  Captain 
M.  F.  Kanan  and  Dr.  J.  W.  Routh,  a  sufficient  number  of  names  were  at  oncesecitred 
to  an  application  for  charter,  and  these  gentlemen  went  to  Springfield  to  request  Dr. 
Stephenson  to  return  with  them  and  organize  a  post  at  Decatur. 

The  formation  of  a  post  was  under  way  in  Springfield,  but  not  being  ready  for 
muster,  Dr.  Stephenson,  accompanied  by  several  comrades,  proceeded  to  Decatur,  and, 
as  stated,  on  April  6,  1866,  mustered  post  No.  i,  with  General  Isaac  C.  Pugh  as 
post  commander,  and  Captain  Kanan  as  adjutant.  The  latter  gave  material  aid  to 
Dr.  Stephenson  in  the  work  of  organizing  other  posts,  and  Dr.  Routh  served  as  chair 
man  of  a  committee  to  revise  the  ritual.  The  title,  ' '  The  Grand  Army  of  the  Repub 
lic,  U.  S.,' '  was  formally  adopted  that  night. 

Soon  after  this,  post  No.  2  was  organized  at  Springfield,  with  General  Jules  C. 
Webber  as  commander.  General  Webber,  Col.  J.  M.  Snyder,  Major  Robert  M.  Woods* 
Major  Alfred  A.  North,  J.  T.  Bishop,  and  John  S.  Phelps  freely  gave  their  time  and 
services  in  assisting  Dr.  Stephenson  to  spread  the  Order  in  Illinois  and  the  adjoining 
States. 

Nothing  was  done  in  the  Eastern  States  about  establishing  posts  iintil  the  oppor 
tunity  was  given  for  consultation  on  this  subject  at  a  national  soldiers  and  sailors 
convention,  held  in  Pittsburg,  in  September,  1866,  when  prominent  representatives 
from  Eastern  States  were  obligated  and  authorized  to  organize  posts. 

The  first  posts  so  established  were  posts  Nos.  i,  in  Philadelphia,  and  3  in  Pitts- 
burg,  by  charters  direct  from  the  acting  commander-in-chief,  Dr.  Stephenson  ;  and 
post  2,  Philadelphia,  by  charter  received  from  General  J.  K.  Proudfit,  department 
commander  of  Wisconsin. 

A  department  convention  was  held  at  Springfield,  Illinois,  July  12,  1866,  and 
adopted  resolutions  declaring  the  objects  of  the  G.  A.  R.  General  John  W.  Palmer 
was  elected  the  first  Department  Commander.  The  following  was  adopted,  acknowl 
edging  Dr.  Stephenson's  services  : 

Whereas,  The  members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  recognize  in  Major 
13.  F.  Stephenson,  of  Springfield,  111.,  the  head  and  front  of  this  organization  ;  be  it, 
therefore, 

Resolved,  That  for  energy,  loyalty,  and  perseverance  manifested  in  organizing  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  he  is  entitled  to  the  gratitude  of  all  loyal  men,  and  we, 
as  soldiers,  tender  him  our  thanks,  and  pledge  him  our  friendship  at  all  times  and 
.under  all  circumstances. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  7 

The  first  national  convention  was  held  at  Indianapolis,  Inch ,  November  20, 
1866.  There  were  present  representatives  from  posts  in  Illinois,  Indiana,  Iowa, 
Kansas,  Kentucky,  Missouri,  New  York,  Ohio,  Pennsylvania,  Wisconsin,  and  the 
District  of  Columbia.  General  Palmer  presided.  General  Stephen  A.  Hurlbut,  of 
Illinois,  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief.  General  Thomas  B.  McKean,  of  New 
York,  Senior  Vice  Commander-in-Chief;  General  Nathan  Kimball,  of  Indiana,  Junior 
Vice-Commander-in-Chief ;  and  Dr.  Stephenson,  Adjutant- General. 

The  objects  of  the  Order  cannot  be  more  briefly  stated  than  from  the  articles  and 
regulations. 

1.  To  preserve  and  strengthen  those  kind  and  fraternal  feelings  which  bind 
together  the  Soldiers,  Sailors,  and  Marines  who  united  to  suppress  the  late  Rebellion, 
and  to  perpetuate  the  memory  and  history  of  the  dead. 

2.  To  assist  such  former  comrades  in  arms  as  need  help  and  protection,  and  to 
extend  needful  aid  to  the  widows  and  orphans  of  those  who  have  fallen. 

3.  To  maintain  true  allegiance  to  the  United  States  of  America,  based  upon  a 
paramount  respect  for,  and  fidelity  to,  its  Constitution  and  laws,  to  discountenance 
whatever  tends  to  weaken  loyalty,  incites  to  insurrection,  treason,  or  rebellion,  or  in 
any  manner  impairs  the  efficiency  and  permanency  of  our  free  institutions  ;  and  to 
encourage  the  spread  of  universal  liberty,  equal  rights,  and  justice  to  all  men. 

ARTICLE  IV.  Defines  the  qualifications  of  members  in  the  following  terms  : 
Soldiers  and  Sailors  of  the  United  States  Army,  Navy,  or  Marine  Corps  who  served 
between  April  12,  1861,  and  April  29,  1865,  in  thewarforthe  suppression  of  the  Rebel 
lion,  and  those  having  been  honorably  discharged  therefrom  after  such  .service,  and 
of  such  vState  regiments  as  were  called  into  active  service  and  subject  to  the  orders  of 
United  States  general  officers,  between  the  dates  mentioned,  shall  be  eligible  to 
membership  in  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  No  person  shall  be  eligible  who 
has  at  any  time  borne  arms  against  the  United  States. 

The  rules  and  regulations  originally  issued  contained  a  preamble  and  twenty- 
three  articles.  They,  with  the  ritual,  have  been  materially  changed  since  then. 

The  second  national  encampment  was  held  in  Independence  Hall,  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  January  15,  1868.  In  addition  to  the  departments  represented  at  the  first 
encampment  there  were  representatives  from  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Vermont,  Massa 
chusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  New  Jersey,  Maryland,  Delaware,  Michigan, 
Minnesota,  Tennessee,  and  Louisiana.  In  all  there  were  twenty-one  departments. 
The  organization  had  become  national  in  its  scope,  and  it  was  clearly  foreseen,  would 
before  long  include  all  the  States  and  Territories.  To  insure  uniformity  and  secure 
the  prosperity  of  the  Order  in  its  rapidly  enlarging  field  of  operations  required  a  care 
ful  revision  of  rules  and  regulations  ;  the  removal  of  invidious  distinctions  or  whatever 
might  tend  to  become  disturbing  elements.  To  a  certain  extent  this  was  accomplished, 
but,  as  has  been  very  properly  stated,  the  greatest  benefit  that  accrued  was  the  oppor 
tunity  offered  to  compare  various  views  and  the  bringing  together  for  discussion  of 
the  different  opinions  entertained  by  members  from  all  portions  of  the  NortL  as  to 
what  the  organization  should  be. 

The  national  encampment,  which  assembled  at  Philadelphia,  was  virtually  a  new 
departure  for  the  Order.  It  gave  to  it  stability  by  unity  of  action  by  the  departments 
already  organized,  established  headquarters  at  the  national  capital,  and  thus  enabled 
a  correspondence  to  be  quickly  opened  with  leading  members  of  the  organization  and 
with  the  various  departments  throughout  the  United  States.  At  this  encampment 


8  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

was  adopted  the  resolution  that  in  the  meetings  of  the  posts  and  in  official  reports  the 
military  rank  of  members  should  be  omitted,  and  each  should  be  addressed  as  com 
rade — the  only  exception  to  this  rule  being  in  the  case  of  officers  of  the  posts  or 
departments,  who  should  be  addressed  by  their  official  Grand  Army  titles. 

General  John  A.  Logan,  of  Illinois,  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief ;  General 
Joshua  T.  Owen,  of  Pennsylvania,  Senior  Vice-Comtnander-in-Chief ;  and  General 
Joseph  R.  Hawley,  of  Connecticut,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief ;  General  N.  P. 
Chipman,  of  Washington,  D.  C.,  was  appointed  Adjutant-General ;  and  Col.  Timothy 
Lubey,  Quartermaster-General. 

The  energy  of  the  new  Commander-in-Chief  and  the  executive  ability  of  the 
adjutant-general,  who,  during  the  war,  had  extensive  experience  as  a  staff  officer, 
after  much  labor,  brought  the  business  of  the  Order  into  a  well-defined  and  excellent 
working  system.  Full  reports  were  required  from  the  different  departments  as  to  all 
matters  pertaining  to  the  Order,  and  in  cases  of  disagreement  the  points  in  question 
were  to  be  referred  to  the  national  headquarters  for  decision. 

But  that  which  tended  most  to  attract  public  attention  to  the  organization  was 
the  issuance  of  the  order  of  General  Logan  early  in  his  administration,  in  1868,  direct 
ing  the  observance  of  May  3oth  as  Memorial  Day,  issued  in  General  Order  No.  n,  as 
follows : 

HEADQUARTERS  GRAND  ARMY  OF  THE  REPUBLIC,  ) 
WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  Mays,  1868.  j 

General  Order  No.  n. 

I.  The  3oth  day  of  May,  1868,  is  designated  for  the  purpose  of  strewing  with 
flowers  or  otherwise  decorating  the  graves  of  comrades  who  died  in  the  defense  of  their 
country  during  the  late  Rebellion,  and  whose  bodies  now  lie  in  almost  every  city, 
village  and  hamlet  churchyard  in  the  land.  In  this  observance  no  form  of  ceremony 
is  prescribed,  but  posts  and  comrades  will  in  their  own  way  arrange  such  fitting  ser 
vices  and  testimonials  of  respect  as  circumstances  may  permit. 

We  are  organized,  comrades,  as  our  regulations  tell  us,  for  the  purpose,  among 
other  things,  "of  preserving  and  strengthening  those  kind  and  fraternal  feelings 
which  have  bound  together  the  soldiers,  sailors,  and  marines  who  united  to  suppress 
the  late  Rebellion."  What  can  aid  more  to  assure  this  result  than  by  cherishing 
tenderly  the  memory  of  our  heroic  dead,  who  made  their  breasts  a  barricade  between 
our  country  and  its  foes  ?  Their  soldier  lives  were  the  reveille  of  freedom  to  a  race  in 
chains,  and  their  deaths  the  tattoo  of  rebellious  tyranny  in  arms.  We  should  guard 
their  graves  with  sacred  vigilance.  All  that  the  consecrated  wealth  and  taste  of  the 
nation  can  add  to  their  adornment  and  security  is  but  a  fitting  tribute  to  the  memory 
of  her  slain  defenders.  Let  no  wanton  foot  tread  rudely  on  such  hallowed  grounds. 
Let  pleasant  paths  invite  the  coming  and  going  of  reverent  visitors  and  fond  mourn 
ers.  Let  no  vandalism  of  avarice  or  neglect,  no  ravages  of  times  testify  to  the  present 
or  to  the  coming  generations  that  we  have  forgotten  as  a  people  the  cost  of  a  free  and 
undivided  republic. 

If  other  eyes  grow  dull  and  other  hands  slack,  and  other  hearts  cold  in  the  solemn 
trust,  ours  shall  keep  it  well  as  long  as  the  light  and  warmth  of  life  remain  to  us. 

Let  us,  then,  at  the  time  appointed,  gather  around  their  sacred  remains  and  gar 
land  the  passionless  mounds  above  them  with  the  choicest  flowers  of  springtime  ;  let 
us  raise  above  them  the  dear  old  flag  they  saved  from  dishonor ;  let  us  in  this  solemn 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  9 

presence  renew  our  pledges  to  aid  and  assist  those  whom  they  have  left  among  us,  a 
sacred  charge  upon  a  nation's  gratitude — the  soldier's  and  sailor's  widow  and  orphan. 

II.  It  is  the  purpose  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  to  inaugurate  this  observance 
with  the  hope  that  it  will  be  kept  up  from  year  to  year,  while  a  survivor  of  the  war 
remains  to  honor  the  memory  of  his  departed  comrades.     He  earnestly  desires  the 
public  press  to  call  attention  to  this  order,  and  lend  its  friendly  aid  in  bringing  it  to 
the  notice  of  comrades  in  all  parts  of  the  country  in  time  for  simultaneous  compliance 
therewith. 

III.  Department  Commanders  will  use  every  effort  to  make  this  order  effective. 

By  command  of  JOHN  A.  LOGAN, 

Comm  ander-i  n-  Chief. 

N.  P.  CHIPMAN, 
Adj  utant-  General . 

At  the  national  encampment,  held  May  u,  1870,  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  the 
following  article  was  adopted  as  a  part  of  the  rules  and- regulations  : 

MEMORIAL   DAY. 

' '  The  national  encampment  hereby  establishes  a  Memorial  Day,  to  be  observed 
by  the  members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  on  the  3oth  day  of  May  annually, 
in  commemoration  of  the  deeds  of  our  fallen  comrades.  When  such  day  occurs  on 
Sunday,  the  preceding  day  shall  be  observed,  except  where,  by  legal  enactment,  the 
succeeding  day  is  made  a  legal  holiday,  when  such  day  shall  be  observed." 

Memorial  Day  has  been  observed  as  such  every  year  since  throughout  the  country 
wherever  a  post  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  has  been  established.  In  most 
of  the  States  the  day  has  been  designated  as  a  holiday. 

The  third  national  encampment  assembled  in  Cincinnati  May  12,  1869,  at  which 
General  Logan  was  re-elected  Commander-in-Chief.  General  Lucius  Fairchild,  of 
Wisconsin,  was  elected  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief ;  and  General  Joseph  R. 
Hawley  re-elected  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

The  encampment  met  under  a  cloud.  The  order  had  received  a  strong  set-back 
from  the  belief  which  had  grown  up  that  in  a  measure  it  was  a  secret  political  society, 
and  this  had  materially  interfered  with  recruiting.  To  dispel  this  impression  it  was 
necessary  that  it  .should  become  generally  known  that  the  discussion  of  politics  was 
forbidden  in  the  posts,  and  that  no  comrade  was  permitted  to  use  the  order  for  politi 
cal  advancement.  It  took  time  to  counteract  such  opinions,  and  until  this  was  done 
the  Order  labored  under  much  disadvantage. 

As  a  means  of  making  the  Order  more  attractive  the  members  were  divided  into 
three  grades  or  ranks  •.  recruit,  soldier,  and  veteran.  Those  of  the  first  grade  were 
not  eligible  to  office  nor  privileged  to  speak  or  vote  in  the  post  meetings.  They 
could  only  be  advanced  to  the  second  grade  after  two  months,  from  the  time  of  muster 
as  recruit,  and  it  required  six  months  in  the  second  before  promotion  to  the  third 
grade,  and  the  members  of  the  latter  could  alone  hold  the  position  of  Commander 
and  the  other  offices.  Instead  of  being  a  benefit  this  proved  a  great  detriment  ;  hun 
dreds  of  posts  disbanded  and  thousands  of  members  withdrew  rather  than  submit  to 
this  reorganization.  After  a  two-years'  trial  of  the  new  system  it  was  abandoned  and 
the  Order  returned  to  the  old  plan  of  simple  muster. 


10  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

A  special  meeting  of  the  national  encampment  was  held  in  New  York  city, 
October  27,  1869,  the  principal  business  being  the  adoption  of  a  membership  badge, 
and  the  appointment  of  a  committee  to  revise  the  rules,  regulations,  and  ritual. 

The  fourth  annual  encampment  assembled  May  u,  1870,  in  Washington  city. 
General  Logan  was  re-elected  Commander-in-Chief ;  General  Hawley  was  elected 
Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  and  General  Louis  Wagner,  of  Pennsylvania,  was 
elected  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

General  Logan  recommended  that  the  encampment  enjoin  the  observance  of 
Memorial  Day  by  amendment  to  the  regulations.  He  said  this  was  the  first  and  only 
organization  to  institute  an  annual  commemoration  to  the  departed  heroes  of  the  war. 

The  adjutant-general  referred  to  the  mass  of  work  entailed  upon  headquarters  by 
the  changes  of  the  past  year.  He  recommended  that  reports  of  the  relief  work  of 
posts  should  be  made  to  department  headquarters,  which  would  show  the  large 
amounts  spent  in  humane  work  by  the  Grand  Army. 

The  rules  were  amended  to  cover  the  form  of  membership  badge  adopted  at  the 
special  meeting  in  New  York,  in  October,  1869. 

The  fifth  encampment  was  held  at  Boston,  May  10,  1871,  at  which  the  system 
of  grades,  adopted  in  1869,  was  abolished.  General  Ambrose  E.  Burnside,  of  Rhode 
Island,  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief ;  General  Wagner,  Senior  Vice-Commander- 
in-Chief,  and  Colonel  James  Coey,  of  California,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

The  sixth  encampment  was  held  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  May  8,  1872,  where  General 
Burnside  was  re-elected  Commander-in-Chief,  and  General  Wagner  Senior  Vice- 
Commander-in-Chief,  General  J.  Warren  Keifer,  of  Ohio,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in- 
Chief.  At  this  encampment  a  resolution  was  adopted  requesting  that  services 
appropriate  to  the  occasion  should  be  held  in  the  churches  and  all  other  places  of 
worship  throughout  the  country,  on  the  Sabbath  preceding  each  Memorial  Day. 

The  seventh  encampment  was  held  in  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  May  14,  1873. 
General  Charles  Devens,  of  Massachtisetts,  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief,  Dr. 
John  R.  Goble,  of  New  Jersey,  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  and  Colonel  Edward 
Ferguson,  of  Wisconsin,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

A  badge  for  officers  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  to  be  worn  when  on  duty  as  such,  or  on 
occasions  of  ceremony,  was  adopted  by  this  encampment. 

At  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  the  place  of  the  eighth  encampment,  General  Charles 
Devens  was  re-elected  Commander-in-Chief;  General  Edward  Jardine,  of  New  York, 
Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  and  Guy  T.  Gould,  of  Illinois,  Junior  Vice-Com 
mander-in-Chief. 

Chicago,  May  12,  1875,  was  the  place  of  the  ninth  encampment.  General  John 
F.  Hartranft,  of  Pennsylvania,  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief ;  General  Joseph  8. 
Reynolds,  of  Illinois,  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  and  Charles  T.  Buckbee,  of 
Connecticut,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

The  National  Guard  of  Illinois  paraded  in  honor  of  the  visiting  veterans,  under 
command  of  General  H.  Hilliard,  adjutant-general  of  the  State  and  department 
commander,  G.  A.  R. 

The  tenth  encampment,  which,  up  to  that  time,  was  the  largest  session,  assem 
bled  at  Philadelphia,  June  30,  1876,  and  lasted  until  the  evening  of  July  5th.  The 
officers  of  the  previous  year  were  all  re-elected. 

The  members  of  the  encampment  were  entertained  by  the  Philadelphia  posts 
by  a  carriage  drive  through  Fairmount  Park  and  a  breakfast  at  Belmont  mansion. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  11 

The  eleventh  encampment  was  at  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  June  26,  1877. 
General  John  C.  Robinson,  of  New  York,  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief ;  General 
Elisha  N.  Rhodes,  of  Rhode  Island,  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  and  William 
Earnshaw,  of  Ohio,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

The  meeting  held  in  connection  with  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
was  more  largely  attended,  and  received  more  of  the  popular  attention  than  any  that 
had  preceded  it. 

The  city  of  Providence  extended  its  warmest  hospitalities,  through  its  municipal 
officers,  headed  by  Mayor  Doyle,  to  the  visitors,  first,  by  an  excursion  in  the  steamer 
Rhode  Island  to  Rocky  Point,  with  a  clam-bake  in  Rhode  Island  style,  and  afterwards 
at  a  banquet  in  the  Music  Hall. 

The  twelfth  encampment  was  held  at  Springfield,  Massachusetts,  commencing 
June  4,  1878.  General  Robinson  was  re-elected  Commander-in-Chief ;  Paul  Van  Der 
Voort,  of  Nebraska,  was  elected  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  and  Herbert  E. 
Hill,  of  Massachusetts,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

The  thirteenth  encampment  convened  at  Albany,  New  York,  June  17,  1879. 
William  Earnshaw  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief;  John  Palmer,  of  New  York, 
Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  and  Harrison  Dingman,  of  Washington  city,  Junior 
Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

The  National  Guard,  and  a  large  number  of  visiting  posts,  as  well  as  the  local 
posts  of  Albany,  paraded  on  this  occasion,  and  were  reviewed  by  Governor  Lucius  C. 
Robinson. 

A  grand  banquet  in  the  Martin  Opera  House  closed  the  proceedings  of  a 
thoroughly  enjoyable  reunion. 

This  was  the  last  occasion,  until  the  meeting  this  year  in  San  Francisco,  that 
the  Grand  Army  and  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  met  at  the  same  time 
and  place. 

The  fourteenth  encampment  was  held  at  the  Soldiers'  Home,  Dayton,  Ohio, 
June  8,  1880.  General  Louis  Wagner  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief ;  General 
Edgar  D.  Swain,  of  Illinois,  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  and  Colonel  George 
Bowers,  of  New  Hampshire,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

The  fifteenth  encampment,  June  15,  1881,  was  held  at  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  the 
place  where  the  first  was  held.  Major  George  S.  Merrill,  of  Massachusetts,  was 
elected  Commander-in-Chief ;  General  Charles  L.  Young,  of  Ohio,  Senior  Vice-Com 
mander-in-Chief,  and  Major  C.  V.  R.  Pond,  of  Michigan,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in- 
Chief. 

The  sixteenth  encampment  was  held  at  Baltimore,  June  16,  1882.  It  was  made 
a  national  affair,  by  the  procession  being  reviewed  by  President  Arthur  and  General 
Sherman,  the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Army,  who  came  from  Washington  for 
that  purpose.  Paul  Van  DerVoort  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief ;  General  W.  E. 
W.  Ross,  of  Maryland,  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  and  General  I.  S.  Bangs, 
of  Maine,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief.  It  was  at  this  encampment  that  the 
movement  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps  was  inaugurated. 

The  seventeenth  encampment  was  held  at  Denver,  commencing  July  23,  1883. 
The  Legislature  of  Colorado  appropriated  $21,000  for  the  purpose.  This  was  the 
first  appropriation  to  the  order  made  by  any  State.  The  residents  of  the  city  made 
liberal  contributions  for  the  reception  of  the  veterans.  A  camp  to  accommodate 


12  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

15,000  men  was  established  in  the  suburbs  of  Denver,  in  addition  to  quarters  pro 
vided  by  private  hospitality  for  a  large  number  of  the  visitors.  Governor  J.  B. 
Grant,  who  had  been  an  officer  in  the  Confederate  service,  welcomed  the  representa 
tives  of  the  G.  A.  R.  on  behalf  of  the  State,  extolling  the  beneficial  effects  of  the 
Order.  General  Logan  acted  as  Grand  Marshal  of  the  parade,  which  was  the  largest 
yet  witnessed.  During  this  encampment  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps,  auxiliary  to 
the  G.  A.  R. — the  first  movement  towards  which  had  been  made  at  the  previous 
encampment — completed  its  organization.  Colonel  Robert  B.  Beath,  of  Pennsylvania, 
was  elected  Commander-in-Chief;  Major  Wm.  Warner,  of  Missouri,  Senior  Yice- 
Commander-in-Chief,  and  Major  Walter  H.  Holmes,  of  California,  Junior  Vice-Com- 
mander-in-Chief. 

The  members  of  the  encampment  enjoyed  one  of  the  richest  treats  ever  tendered 
at  any  encampment,  in  a  series  of  free  excursions  to  the  noted  places  in  Colorado. 

The  next  encampment,  the  eighteenth,  assembled  at  Minneapolis,  July  23,  1884. 
Minnesota  also  made  an  appropriation  for  the  entertainment  of  the  delegates  to  the 
Grand  Army  encampment,  and  this  was  increased  by  a  liberal  subscription  from  the 
citizens  of  the  town.  Commander-in-Chief  Beath  was  honored  in  being  able  to 
report  the  largest  gain  in  posts  and  membership  yet  made  in  the  history  of  the 
Order,  a  net  gain  of  1,748  in  the  number  of  posts,  and  87,412  members,  making  the 
total  number  of  posts,  June  30,  1884,  4,325,  with  253,895  members  in  good  standing. 

The  amounts  expended  during  the  year  for  relief  reached  the  large  aggregate  of 
$153.364-30. 

John  S.  Kountz,  of  Ohio,  known  as  "the  Drummer  Boy  of  Mission  Ridge, "  was 
elected  Commander-in-Chief;  Captain  J.  P.  Rea,  of  Minneapolis,  Senior  Vice-Com- 
mander-in-Chief,  and  Colonel  Ira  E.  Hicks,  of  Connecticut,  Junior  Vice-Commander- 
in-Chief. 

The  nineteenth  encampment  assembled  at  Portland,  Maine,  June  24,  1885.  The 
State  appropriated  $10,000  towards  the  expenses  of  the  encampment ;  the  city  gov 
ernment  of  Portland  appropriated  $5,000,  and  the  citizens  of  the  place  contributed  an 
equal  amount.  The  number  of  veterans  present  was  over  thirty  thousand.  There 
were  38  bands  of  music,  40  drum  corps,  and  the  battle-flags  carried  in  the  procession, 
torn  by  bullets  and  shattered  by  shell,  created  the  wildest  enthusiasm.  But  that 
which  brought  tears  to  the  eyes  of  the  veterans  were  the  songs  of  the  little  school 
children  who,  some  1,200  in  number,  under  their  teachers,  thronged  the  side-walks 
as  they  marched  by.  It  recalled  the  historically  celebrated  fact  in  painting  and  song 
of  the  children  who,  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  strewed  flowers  before  Washington  on 
his  route  to  be  inaugurated  at  New  York  as  the  first  President  of  the  United  States. 
That  was  a  commemoration  of  the  establishment  of  the  Union  of  the  States,  the  later 
scene  was  typical  of  the  rejoicing  at  the  preservation  of  the  Union. 

At  this  encampment  the  following  departments  were  represented  :  Arkansas, 
California,  Colorado,  Connecticut,  Dakota,  Delaware,  Florida,  Gulf  States,  Illinois, 
Indiana,  Iowa,  Kansas,  Kentucky,  Maine,  Massachusetts,  Maryland,  Michigan,  Min 
nesota,  Missouri,  Montana,  Nebraska,  New  Hampshire,  New  Jersey,  New  Mexico, 
New  York,  Ohio,  Oregon,  Pennsylvania,  Potomac,  Rhode  Island,  Tennessee,  Georgia, 
Texas,  Utah  Ty.,  Vermont,  Virginia,  Washington  Ty.,  West  Virginia,  and  Wis- 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  13 

Commander-in-Chief  John  S.  Kountz's  address,  delivered  at  this  encampment, 
contained  the  following  items,  among  others  : 

MEMBERSHIP. 

March  31,  1884,  36  departments  reported  4,323  posts  and  233,595  members. 
March  31,  1885,  38  departments  reported  5,026  posts  and  269,684  members.  This 
statement  includes  the  last  quarter  of  the  administration  of  comrade  Beath. 

The  report  of  the  adjutant-general  shows  our  membership  to  be  285,637.  Dur 
ing  my  term,  embracing  a  period  of  but  1 1  months,  there  have  been  added  to  the  rolls 
by  muster,  66,729  members;  by  reinstatement  and  transfers,  20,355;  total  increase, 
87,084. 

FINANCES. 

Attention  is  called  to  the  report  of  the  quartermaster-general  wherein  it  will  be 
seen  that  rigid  economy  has  been  practiced,  and  that  our  finances  are  in  excellent 
condition,  there  being  a  cash  balance  on  hand  amounting  to  $15,163.60.  He  recom 
mended  the  careful  attention  of  the  encampment  to  the  disposition  of  this  large  fund, 
and  suggested  no  further  accumulation  be  allowed. 

OFFICIAL,  VISITS. 

The  Commander-in-Chief,  during  his  term,  visited  thirty  departments,  being 
every  department  except  Florida,  Arkansas,  and  New  Mexico,  traveling  over  thirty 
thousand  miles. 

His  report  continued  as  follows  : 

Everywhere,  in  the  East  and  in  the  West,  in  the  North  and  in  the  South,  I  have 
received  the  most  cordial  greetings,  and  cannot  refrain  from  taking  this  opportunity 
to  express  to  the  comrades  my  sincere  appreciation  of  the  fraternal  courtesies,  warm 
soldierly  welcomes,  and  generous  receptions  extended,  for  all  which  they  shall  ever 
be  held  in  grateful  remembrance. 

Because  of  the  liberality  of  the  railroad  companies  and  the  generous  hospitality 
of  the  comrades,  my  expenses  for  these  journeys  have  been,  to  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic,  only  about  one-fourth  the  amount  appropriated  for  this  purpose. 

His  report  concluded  as  follows  : 

When  chosen  to  this  exalted  station,  I  promised  to  my  utmost  to  promote  the 
interests  of  this  great  comradeship.  In  returning  to  the  ranks  I  am  conscious  of  no 
faith  broken  or  pledge  unkept.  This  evening  of  another  year's  march  toward  the 
close  of  life's  enlistment  finds  us  once  again  in  friendly  meeting  and  fraternal  counsel. 
As  we  scan  the  rolls  and  glance  along  the  ranks  we  see  an  army  of  new  faces  and 
names  which  more  than  fills  the  vacant  places.  But,  as  we  view  the  line  of  the 
year's  marches  and  battles,  we  find  that  many  have  straggled  by  the  way,  and  we 
mark  the  transfer  of  many  more  to  that  sacred  silent  army  on  the  other  side.  It  is 
generous  to  believe  that  the  great  mass  of  those  who  stand  on  the  suspended  list  are 
there  from  necessity.  Many  of  them  are  in  the  decline  of  life  ;  the  changing  seasons 
and  the  rolling  years  are  adding  to  the  stings  of  wounds  or  broken  health  ;  opportu 
nities  lost  while  in  the  army,  or  not  offered  when  the  war  was  over,  have  left  many 
with  broken  energies  or  scanty  store.  The  wife  and  children  of  many  need  every 
penny  earned  by  the  soldier  husband  and  father,  and  then  are  often  not  half  clothed 
or  fed.  There  are  other  causes  of  which  the  world  little  knows,  which  keep  many 
comrades  away  and  cause  many  to  drop  from  the  ranks.  Be  it  ours  to  search  them 
out  and  help  them  to  a  better  lot  and  life. 


14 


RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 


Immediately  after  the  reading  of  the  address  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  was 
finished  comrade  R.  B.  Brown,  of  Ohio,  offered  the  following  resolution  and  asked 
unanimous  consent  to  its  adoption  : 

Resolved,  By  the  nineteenth  national  encampment  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic,  assembled  in  the  city  of  Portland,  Maine,  representing  300,000  ex-soldiers 
and  sailors  in  the  United  States,  that  in  this  first  hour  of  our  assembly  we  tender  to 
the  distinguished  comrade,  soldier,  and  statesman,  General  Ulysses  S.  Grant,  our  pro 
found  sympathy  in  his  continued  illness,  and  extend  a  soldier's  greeting  to  ovir 
beloved  Commander  and  comrade,  who  has  for  months  endured  unspeakable  agony 
with  that  characteristic  fortitude  that  has  challenged  the  admiration  of  the  world. 

The  resolution  was  adopted  amid  applause  and  cheers.  On  motion  the  Com 
mander-in-Chief  was  instructed  to  telegraph  the  resolution  at  once. 

The  adjutant-general  in  report  stated,  regarding  the  amounts  annualty  dis 
bursed  for  charitable  purposes,  that  many  posts  and  in  some  cases  entire  departments 
fail  to  make  any  reports  of  the  amounts  expended  or  comrades  relieved,  and  submitted 
the  following,  which  shows  the  amount  reported  as  expended  by  each  department, 
and  the  number  of  comrades  and  others  assisted  during  the  past  year : 


DEPARTMENTS. 

Amount. 
Ex 
pended. 

No. 
Comr'es 
Reli'v'd 

Others. 

Total 
No. 

Assist'd 

Arkansas          

$  780  oo 

36 

12 

48 

California                       

1,145  35 

11 

12 

Colorado  .       

2,163  48 

IOO 

22 

122 

Connecticut              

1,904  42 

1  68 

66 

21A 

Dakota  .       

293  90 

4Q 

jo 

Delaware        .           

206  90 

21 

2^ 

Florida  

23  55 

2 

7 

5 

Gulf             

697  35 

74 

T  C 

40 

Illinois  

4,924  19 

4l8 

I63 

S8i 

Indiana        

3,502  57 

211 

621 

3,652  16 

326 

ifiA 

400 

Kansas  .       

6,097  37 

476 

216 

692 

Kentucky                   

28  75 

8 

I  <c 

Maine  

4,243  98 

272 

IS2 

384 

Massachusetts  

37,366  26 

I.SQQ 

t 

677 

->~3 

2  276 

Maryland    ... 

1,054  51 

66 

4. 

7O 

Michigan    .    . 

3,954  8  1 

4.74. 

I7S 

569 

Minnesota      .    . 

1,470  85 

48 

81 

Missouri  

1,512  03 

QI 

1  68 

Montana      .    . 

Nebraska        

1,121  03 

18 

1  08 

New  Hampshire  

4,407  20 

271 

6s 

336 

New  Jersey    ... 

6,961  56 

T.ZJ 

104 

461 

New  Mexico      

13  50 

I 

i 

New  York  ... 

31,614  64 

1,7-Ji: 

600 

2,425 

Ohio             

10,360  12 

I,  O6O 

S4O 

i  600 

Oregon  

224  78 

I« 

I 

16 

Pennsylvania  

33,031  73 

2,464 

851 

3,315 

Potomac      

I.SS^  82 

8s 

04 

Rhode  Island    

495  74 

3S 

I 

41 

Tennessee  and  Georgia  

67  80 

6 

^ 

g 

Texas       .   .  ,   

Utah  

207  25 

Q 

I 

IO 

Vermont  

548  57 

M 

33 

Virginia       .       •  ... 

607  76 

6s 

d.^ 

no 

Washington  Territory  

274.    IO 

1  1 

22 

West  Virginia  .    . 

403  93 

13 

I  ^ 

26 

Wisconsin  

3,176  81 

108 

81 

279 

Totals  . 

$170.002  77 

11.000 

4.406 

I.S,406 

GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  15 

At  this  encampment  Samuel  S.  Burdett,  of  Washington  city,  ex-commissioner  of 
the  general  land  office,  and  an  ex-congressman  from  Missouri,  was  elected  Commander- 
in-Chief ;  Selden  Connor,  ex-governor  of  Maine,  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief, 
and  John  R.  Lewis,  of  Georgia,  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

The  twentieth  encampment  was  held  in  San  Francisco.  It  commenced  August 
2,  1886,  and  the  proceedings  are,  on  account  of  their  exceedingly  interesting  nature, 
given  in  this  book  in  full.  The  manner  in  which  the  city  was  decorated,  which  was 
far  more  elaborately  than  has  been  on  any  occasion  heretofore  in  any  other  city  of  the 
United  States,  the  profuse  hospitalities,  the  numerous  excursions  to  the  surrounding 
country,  gotten  up  for  the  benefit  of  the  visitors,  are  so  well  remembered  by  those 
attending  the  encampment  as  to  be  in  a  measure  unnecessary  to  recall,  though  the 
mention  of  them  may  be  pleasant  to  absent  friends. 

The  visiting  comrades,  as  they  took  their  departure  for  home,  expressed  them 
selves  in  the  warmest  terms  as  to  the  manner  in  which  they  had  been  treated.  They 
were  answered  by  those  who  bade  them  "good-by  "  that  they  were  only  treated  as 
they  deserved  to  be— as  the  survivors  of  the  great  armies  which  had  fought  so  hard, 
had  gone  through  such  great  hardships  and  sufferings  to  preserve  the  nation, 
there  was  nothing  within  the  reach  of  hospitality  that  was  too  good  for  them.  They 
represented  the  flag,  the  unity  of  the  country,  and  there  was  a  warmth  of  feeling 
that  could  only  be  expressed  by  the  term,  "  God  bless  you  all."  These  patriotic  and 
personal  feelings  were  strongly  evinced  on  the  occasion  of  the  grand  procession  at 
the  commencement  of  the  encampment,  which  was  cheered  in  the  most  enthusiastic 
manner,  from  the  beginning  of  the  march  to  its  termination.  San  Francisco  had 
never  before  witnessed  such  a  pageant,  nor  was-  there  ever  any  other  association  or 
organization  received  with  such  a  greeting.  These  veterans — in  the  fact  that  not 
only  all  the  corps,  divisions,  and  brigades  were  represented,  but  that  there  was 
scarce  a  regiment  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  during  the  Rebellion 
that  had  not  in  the  ranks  of  the  procession  one  of  its  members — represented  the 
whole  history  of  the  war,  its  prison  and  hospital  sufferings,  its  battles,  and  its  glories. 


TWENTIETH  ANNUAL  SESSION 

OF    THE 

National  Encampment 

GRAND  ARMY  OF  THE  REPUBLIC, 

Held  at  San  Frantisco,  Cal.,  August,  1886, 


RECEPTION    OF    COMRADES.      DECORATION    OF    CITY. 
ENTERTAINMENTS   AND   EXCURSIONS. 


Several  months  previous  to  the  date  of  the  encampment  preparations  were  com 
menced  to  arrange  for  the  reception  of  the  delegates  and  visiting  comrades.  The 
department  commander  of  California  appointed  a  general  committee  of  management. 
Comrade  S.  W.  Backus,  the  present  Vice  Commander-in-Chief,  was  made  chairman, 
and  to  his  unceasing  labor,  energy,  and  executive  ability  much  of  the  credit  of  the 
success  of  the  reception  and  arrangements  is  very  properly  due.  The  general  com 
mittee  consisted  of  twenty-five  members. 

The  subordinate  committees,  the  members  of  which  were  carefully  selected 
for  their  particular  aptness  for  the  duties  assigned  them,  were  the  executive, 
finance,  auditing,  programme,  transportation,  hotels  and  accommodations,  public 
halls  and  places  of  registration,  rosters  and  meetings,  mechanics'  pavilion,  press, 
decorations,  printing,  invitations,  badges,  receptions,  entertainments,  parade  and 
review,  music,  horses,  carriages  and  equipments,  police  and  streets,  grand  banquet, 
camp  fire,  fireworks,  Army  of  Potomac,  Loyal  Legion,  Woman's  Relief  Corps, 
Mexican  Veteran  Association,  advisory  committee,  excursions. 

This  long  list  of  committees  is  enumerated  to  show  how  completely  the  general 
managing  committee  covered  every  point  that  could  possibly  arise.  No  contingency 
could  occur  for  which  there  was  not  immediate  means  of  adjustment.  There  was 
management  down  to  the  most  minute  details ;  everything  which  looked  to  the  success 
of  the  encampment  was  anticipated.  Good  judgment,  keen  foresight,  and  admirable 
taste  characterized  the  whole  preparations.  The  comments  of  the  delegates  and 
visiting  comrades,  that  at  no  previous  encampment  had  the  preparations  been  .so 
complete,  nor  the  receptions  anywhere  near  approaching  the  magnificence  of  that  of 
California,  was  a  handsome  but  just  acknowledgment  of  the  labor  done  by  the  com 
mittees. 

B  17 


18  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

The  floral  decorations  were  remarkably  beautiful,  and  attracted  much  attention. 
At  the  Golden  Gate  Park  the  different  corps  badges  were  represented  by  flowers  and 
evergreens;  they  were  planted  in  sufficient  time  to  flower  out  in  full  perfection  at  the 
time  of  the  encampment.  The  lawn  in  front  of  the  City  Hall  was  also  handsomely 
ornamented  with  army  badges,  as  were  the  green  slopes  surrounding  the  houses  of 
many  of  our  prominent  citizens.  It  seemed  as  though  everywhere  that  there  was  a 
slope  of  vegetation  connected  with  a  family  residence  large  enough  for  the  purpose, 
there  was  an  ornamentation  of  some  sort,  typical  of  the  Grand  Army.  It  was  a  wel 
come  expressed  in  roses  and  lilies.  The  shrubbery,  neatly  trimmed,  never  looked 
so  well.  It  bent  gracefully  in  the  breezes  as  though  bowing  a  greeting.  The  grass 
of  the  lawns,  freshened  by  the  dew  of  the  morning  and  warmed  by  the  mild  sunshine, 
was  bright  and  green,  and,  when  the  winds  made  rippling  waves  across,  there  was  a 
low  musical  tone  that  sounded  like  part  of  the  rejoicing. 

The  national  flags  were  displayed  from  the  masts  in  the  various  parks  and  other 
spaces,  from  poles  on  the  house-tops,  and  on  all  the  vessels  in  the  harbor.  Some  of 
the  ships  were  dressed  in  what  is  known  among  sailors  as  the  rainbow  style,  the  flags 
closely  together  extending  in  a  long  line  from  stem  to  stern,  crossing  the  mast-heads 
at  each  of  which  was  the  national  flag,  the  other  portions  of  the  line  displaying  the 
flags  of  all  nations,  intermingled  with  pennants  bearing  the  Grand  Army  devices. 

The  spacious  bay,  with  its  glistening  waters,  framed  in  by  the  hills,  with  Mount 
Tamalpais  in  the  distance,  towering  above  the  other  heights,  the  handsomely 
decorated  vessels,  the  islands  which  here  and  there  divided  the  waters,  their  rugged 
and  uneven  surfaces  making  bold  outlines  in  the  view,  the  frowning  castle  fort  of 
Alcatraz,  on  the  further  shore  the  white  cottages,  embowered  in  trees,  of  the  beau 
tiful  City  of  Oakland,  in  front  the  City  of  San  Francisco,  with  its  fluttering  flags  in 
every  direction,  the  fort  at  the  entrance  of  the  harbor  standing  out  like  an  abutment, 
with  its  background  of  open  sea,  the  glorious  sunset  view  of  the  golden  gate,  with 
the  fringe  of  breakers  across  it,  connecting  the  shores  as  though  with  lace-work,  was 
a  picture  to  visiting  comrades  never  to  be  forgotten. 

The  decoration  of  the  streets  of  the  city  elicited  admiration  from  the  artistic 
manner  of  arrangement.  Not  only  on  the  line  of  march  of  the  grand  procession,  but 
through  every  avenue  and  principal  street,  there  was  stretched  across,  at  measured 
distances  of  short  intervals,  arches  of  ropes,  from  which  depended  flags  of  every  con 
ceivable  kind;  ingenuity,  in  this  respect,  was  exhausted.  Every  army  corps  badge 
was  represented;  the  Loyal  Legion,  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps,  the  Grand  Army 
badge,  flags  of  all  nations,  and,  when  nothing  more  could  be  done,  there  was  the  red, 
white,  and  blue  pennant  interspersed  between.  At  certain  distances  along  the  streets 
in  the  center  was  a  broad  white  banner,  on  which  was  the  name  of  a  conspicuous 
battle.  No  matter  up  what  street  you  looked,  from  one  to  the  other,  you  saw  these 
arches  of  flags.  San  Francisco,  for  the  week  of  the  encampment,  was  literally  a  city 
of  banners.  The  manner  in  which  the  various  newspaper  offices  and  leading  business 
houses  were  decorated  was  a  subject  of  common  remark.  To  give  the  names  would 
be  repeating,  in  a  large  measure,  the  business  directory  of  the  city.  They  appeared 
to  vie  with  each  other  as  to  see  which  could  make  the  best  display.  Some  of  the 
houses  were  draped  from  eave  to  sidewalk  in  red,  white,  and  blue  fabrics,  festooned 
with  evergreens  and  flowers  at  the  windows,  with  a  center  picture  portraying  some 
incident  of  the  war;  at  the  side,  or  above,  were  protraits  of  eminent  military  com 
manders,  or  a  soldier  and  sailor,  as  typical  of  these  branches  of  the  service.  Some 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  19 

of  the  pictures,  as  allegorical  representations,  were  of  much  merit,  and  all  of  them 
added  to  the  excellence  of  the  panorama. 

The  arch  on  Market  Street,  as  a  piece  of  decorative  art,  reflected  credit  on  its 
designer,  and  superintendent  of  construction.  Its  general  appearance  was  that  of  an 
old  castle  front.  Two  towers,  seventy-seven  feet  high,  and  sixteen  feet  square,  were 
erected  at  the  curbstone;  they  were  connected  by  a  large  arch  spanning  the  street,  the 
span  being  1 18  feet;  smaller  arches  spanned  the  sidewalks.  The  towers,  battlemented 
at  the  tops,  formed  parallelograms  with  sides  sixteen  feet  wide.  From  the  top  of 
each  tower  the  national  standard  floated  to  the  breeze.  Around  the  base  of  the  staff 
was  a  cluster  of  smaller  flags  draped  gracefully  together,  and  fastened  on  either  side 
by  a  shield.  In  the  middle  of  the  arch,  and  dependent  from  the  battlemented  wall 
above,  was  the  representation  of  the  G.  A.  R.  badge.  The  golden  eagle,  which  rested 
on  the  wall,  was  eighteen  feet  high,  and  its  wings  stretched  thirty-five  feet  in  the  air. 
Below  the  eagle  were  the  crossed  cannons,  and,  just  under  them,  cannon-balls  of  large 
size,  and  then,  the  flag  and  star,  the  latter  of  large  size,  just  hanging  clear  of  the 
arch.  In  the  middle  of  the  arch,  on  the  west  side,  was  finely  lettered  the  motto:  "In 
God  we  trust,"  and  on  the  east  side:  "  E  Pluribus  Unum."  On  the  west  side,  at  the 
bottom  of  the  arch,  were  small  shields  bearing  the  badges  of  the  different  army  corps. 
Similarly  arranged,  on  the  east  side,  were  the  coats  of  arms  of  the  different  States. 
On  each  side  of  the  towers  there  were  niches,  made  for  the  reception  of  statues, 
eighteen  feet  high.  In  those  on  the  west  side  were  the  statues  of  General  Grant 
and  Admiral  Farragut,  the  former  on  the  right.  Grant  had  a  drawn  sword  in  his 
right  hand,  pointing  downward,  the  left  hand  resting  upon  the  scabbard.  In  the 
right  hand  of  the  Farragut  statue  were  a  pair  of  marine  glasses,  held  close  to  the 
breast.  In  the  niches  on  the  east  side  of  the  arch  were  the  statues  of  Washington 
and  Lincoln.  Washington  had  a  drawn  sword  in  his  right  hand,  in  a  position  similar 
to  that  of  Grant.  The  statue  of  Lincoln  held  the  Emancipation  Proclamation  in 
the  right  hand.  Below  the  statue  of  Grant,  on  pedestals  erected  a  few  feet  above 
the  street,  was  a  soldier  in  the  position  of  "present  arms,"  and  below  Farragut,  a 
sailor  with  his  cutlass,  standing  "  at  attention."  Below  the  figures  of  Washington 
and  Lincoln,  similarly  placed  on  pedestals,  as  those  on  the  other  side,  were  statues  of  a 
mechanic  and  a  farmer.  Above  the  statues  in  the  niches  were  scrolls  emblematic  of 
the  services  rendered  the  country  by  the  patriot  represented  below.  A  pen,  crossed 
sabers,  etc.  All  the  war  emblems  were  on  the  western  side,  and  the  peaceful  on  the 
eastern  side.  The  idea  which  the  artist  who  constructed  the  arch  had  in  view  was 
that  as  the  procession  approached  the  west,  it  was  typical  of  readiness  for  war;  as 
they  passed  under  on  the  east  side  were  seen  the  emblems  of  the  peace  which  they 
had  conquered. 

The  Mechanics'  Pavilion,  the  immense  building  erected  b3'  the  Mechanics' 
Institute  for  the  purpose  of  holding  their  yearly  fairs,  and  which,  on  this  occasion, 
was  placed  at  the  disposition  of  the  general  managing  committee  for  the  formal 
reception  of  the  delegates  to  the  encampment,  and  visiting  comrades,  and  for  the 
literary  exercises  of  the  day,  and  the  grand  camp  held  towards  the  close  of  the  week, 
was  most  handsomely  decorated.  It  was  virtually  canopied  and  walled  in  with  flags. 
From  the  arches  of  navy  blue  bunting,  across  the  rafters  of  the  immense  hall,  there 
were  draped  in  graceful  curves  long  streamers  of  national  colors.  There  was  a 
harmony  and  good  taste  in  the  arrangement  which  produced  a  most  striking  effect. 
The  stage  and  drop  curtain  were  handsomely  decorated  with  national  colors.  The 
most  conspicuous  object  upon  the  drop  curtain  was  the  badge  of  the  Grand  Army  of 


20  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  Republic,  thirty  feet  long,  painted  upon  a  white  background,  and  hung  in  the 
center  of  the  curtain,  stretching  from  the  top  to  the  stage. 

The  programme  for  the  twentieth  national  encampment,  also  of  entertainments 
that  were  given  by  the  G.  A.  R.  posts  of  northern  California  and  Nevada,  from 
August  2d  to  jth,  were  as  follows: 

First  day,  Monday,  August  2d.  There  was  a  meeting  of  the  executive  com 
mittee  of  the  national  council  of  administration.  A  review  of  the  second  brigade  of 
the  National  Guard  of  California,  General  W.  H.  Dimond  commanding,  at  the 
Mechanics'  Pavilion,  at  8  o'clock,  p.  M.,  tendered  to  the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  which  was  followed  by  a  reception  and  grand  ball  to 
the  officers  and  delegates  of  the  national  encampment,  G.  A.  R. ,  and  of  the  national 
convention  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps.  Business  meeting  of  the  army  corps 
societies  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  in  the  morning;  in  the  afternoon,  a  business 
meeting  of  the  society  of  the  Ann}-  of  the  Potomac,  and  in  the  evening  there  was  the 
formal  reception  by  the  Governor  of  the  State  of  California,  and  Mayor  of  San 
Francisco. 

The  second  da}-  was  that  of  the  grand  parade.  In  the  evening  there  was  a  parade 
and  escort  to  the  Commander-in-Chief  and  staff,  the  national  officers,  and  members  of 
the  encampment,  and  general  reception  at  the  Mechanics'  Pavilion.  At  an  early  hour 
in  the  afternoon  people  began  to  gather  around  the  pavilion,  and,  at  8  o'clock,  thou 
sands  of  them  stood  on  the  sidewalk,  being  unable  to  obtain  seats.  The  galleries 
were  packed  with  people  long  before  the  appointed  hour  for  the  reception.  The  main 
floor  was  reserved  for  visiting  comrades,  and  the  platform  for  distinguished  guests. 

When  Commander-in-Chief  Burdett,  accompanied  by  General  Sherman  and 
General  Logan,  made  their  appearance  upon  the  platform,  cheer  after  cheer  went  up 
from  the  audience. 

The  enthusiasm  was  spontaneous.  Ladies  in  the  galleries  waved  their  handker 
chiefs,  and  men  yelled  themselves  hoarse.  This  enthusiastic  reception  was  repeated 
when  General  Logan,  in  companj-  with  Governor  Stoneman,  passed  upon  the  platform. 

Governor  Alger,  of  Michigan,  and  ex-Governor  Fairchild,  of  Wisconsin,  also 
received  a  cordial  and  warm  welcome.  After  the  cheering  had  stopped  to  some 
extent,  General  W.  H.  L.  Barnes,  of  California,  chairman  of  the  reception  com 
mittee,  advanced  to  the  front  of  the  platform  and  spoke  as  follows: 

GENERAL  W.  H.  L.  BARNES. 

I  need  hardly  say,  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army,  and  ladies  and  gentlemen, 
that  it  is  not  the  slightest  consequence  what  I  may  have  to  say,  but  I  wish  to  remind 
you  that  it  is  an  almost  human  impossibility  for  any  voice,  not  as  powerful  as  a  key 
bugle  and  a  trombone  combined,  to  reach  this  audience.  I,  therefore,  have  to  request 
for  the  distinguished  gentlemen  who  will  address  you,  and  whom  you  will  endeavor 
to  hear,  that  silence  on  your  part  is  absolutely  indispensable  to  permit  any  speaker  to 
be  heard.  Now,  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army,  it  is  my  most  delightful  duty,  as 
chairman  of  your  reception  committee,  to  welcome  you  one  and  all  to  the  city  of  San 
Francisco  and  the  State  of  California.  [Applause.]  For  the  twentieth  time  you 
have  commenced  your  grand  march  over  the  continent  of  the  United  States.  What  a 
country  have  you  beheld?  From  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific  you  have  progressed 
day  by  day.  Six  times  has  the  sun  shone  upon  you.  Six  times  has  he  descended, 
and  still  the  wheels  of  your  iron  chariots  that  brought  you  to  us  have  kept  on  their 
steady  and  monotonous  whirl,  until  you  came  to  the  shores  of  the  Pacific,  from  the 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  21 

great  New  England  States,  through  the  Middle  States,  across  the  magnificent  Western 
States,  and  over  the  broad  deserts  that  lie  between  the  Pacific  and  the  Platte,  deserts 
that  are  destined  yet  to  ring  with  the  sound  of  labor  and  the  happy  voice  of  millions 
of  your  posterity.  Not  a  sign  of  government  did  you  see  the  whole  way  across  the 
continent.  No  soldier  guarded  the  portals  of  any  State.  No  police,  enforced  by  Gov 
ernment  power,  dictated  to  you.  Over  all  was  hung  the  grand  canopy  of  God's  own 
shining  light,  and  everywhere  you  saw  the  banners  of  a  great  and  free  country.  Com 
rades  of  the  Grand  Army,  it  is  your  country.  How  proud  you  must  have  felt  when 
you  reflected  that  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century  had  passed  since  you  laid  down  your 
arms  and  passed  to  your  happy  homes,  to  pastoral  pursuits,  to  the  desk  of  the  law 
yer,  the  anvil  of  the  mechanic,  and  to  all  the  useful  pursuits  of  life.  One  might  have 
supposed  that  in  the  busy  rush  and  whirl  of  life  a  quarter  of  a  century  would  have 
wiped  out  the  memory  of  that  heroic  straggle  whose  individual  members,  the  mem 
bers  of  that  grand  army,  you  and  we  are,  and  whose  magnificent  and  heroic  leader  is 
still  spared  to  us  [applause] — still  spared  to  us  by  God  [applause]  to  live  among  us 
and  to  have  the  glory  that  many  men  have  struggled  for  and  failed  to  have — not 
merely  fame  and  glory  in  his  own  times,  but,  as  you  look  upon  that  venerable  face 
and  form,  bear  in  mind,  fellow-citizens  and  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army,  that  when 
Time  himself  shall  grow  old  with  years,  in  the  last  days  of  mankind,  when  the  sun's 
last  rays  shall  rest  upon  the  American  continent,  the  effigies,  the  memory,  the  heroic 
deeds  of  Sherman  will  live  and  live  on  !  [Long  and  continued  applause.]  You  and 
I,  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army,  will  be  a  good  deal  like  a  soldier  from  Wisconsin 
whom  I  met  to-day  at  the  reception-room.  I  said  to  him:  "Comrade,  where  were 
you  during  the  war?  "  He  said :  "It  don't  make  any  difference  ;  I  didn't  amount  to 
much;  I  only  fit.  "  [Laughter  and  applause.]  Well,  we  only  fit.  [Applause.]  The 
living,  some  of  them  are  here  ;  but,  on  unknown  fields,  without  a  stone  to  mark  the 
resting-place,  rest  hundreds  of  thousands  of  our  comrades,  who  are  yet  here  to-night 
with  us  in  spirit,  the  rustle  of  whose  wings  you  may  almost  hear.  Why,  fellow-citi 
zens,  what  is  the  meeting  of  the  Grand  Army  for?  I  have  had  that  question  asked 
of  me  a  hundred  times,  perhaps,  in  the  last  sixty  days.  I  point  to  the  banners  that 
flout  the  sky  ;  I  point  to  the  vast  masses  of  people  that  stood  and  wept  to-day  with 
streaming  eyes  and  clasped  hands  as  they  saw  the  remnants  of  the  battle-flags  ofj-our 
armies  and  of  mine  carried  through  the  streets.  [Great  applause.]  The  Grand  Army 
fought  and  conquered  a  race  as  heroic  as  themselves.  [Applause.]  It  lives  to-day 
the  great  inspirer  of  patriotism  to  the  American  people.  [Applause.]  I  ask  now,  if 
there  is  a  heart  that  beats  in  this  assembty  that  has  not  within  the  last  three  days 
loved  his  and  her  country  better,  has  found  in  himself  and  herself  a  sentiment  of 
patriotism  and  of  thankfulness  to  God  for  such  a  country  and  such  a  life,  and  such 
hopes  for  our  posterity  as  these  common  soldiers,  "who  only  fit, "have  inspired  in  us. 
[Applause.] 

And  so,  Grand  Army,  we  bid  you  welcome  to  the  Pacific  shore.  We  never  saw 
you  in  battle-array.  We  never  saw  you  fighting  under  the  smoke  of  cannon,  riddled 
and  driven  backward  and  forward  bleeding  and  dying,  all  for  us.  [Applause.]  You 
come  to  us  in  the  guise — the  glorious  guise — of  peace ;  we  welcome  you  ;  we  know 
what  you  have  done.  We  love  you  for  it,  and  we  pledge  that  as  long  as  the  Union 
shall  live  California  will  love  and  will  reverence,  as  long  as  the  sentiment  of  love 
and  reverence  can  live  in  any  human  heart,  your  valor,  your  deeds,  your  grand 
achievements,  and  the  influence  that  you  are  exerting  to-day  in  this  great  Govern 
ment  of  ours  for  peace,  for  liberty,  for  equality,  for  the  rights  of  men,  for  the  eternal 


22  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

preservation,  undissolved  and  indissoluble,  of  the  American  Union.     [Long  and  con 
tinuous  applause.] 

The  band  then  played  "Hail,  Columbia,"  and  many  of  the  audience  joined  in 
singing  the  chorus. 

GOVERNOR     STONEMAN. 

Comrade  George  Stonetnan,  Governor  of  California,  was  presented,  with  a  few 
appropriate  remarks  by  the  chairman,  and  spoke  as  follows  : 

Mr.  President  and  Comrades  of  ike  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic :  It  becomes 
my  pleasant  duty  as  the  chief  executive  of  this  western  commonwealth  to  extend 
you  in  the  name  of  the  people  of  California  a  fervent,  sincere,  and  heartfelt  welcome  to 
our  State. 

From  whatever  sections  of  our  broad  land  you  may  have  come,  whatever  be  the 
high  or  humble  station  of  your  present  lives,  you  stand  pedestaled  on  the  firm 
foundation  of  love  for  our  common  country  in  the  eyes  of  a  people  who  feel  that  in 
honoring  you,  so  far  as  their  opportunities  permit,  they  do  no  less  honor  to  the  nation 
and  to  themselves. 

The  smoke  of  Appomattox  has  long  since  faded  in  the  sunshine  of  the  Virginian 
vale.  The  ugly  echoes  of  the  cannon's  thunder  have  long  since  died  away  in  the 
softer  harmonies  of  placid  peace.  In  the  grim  bastions  where  all  was  destruction  and 
din  and  death,  the  song-bird  builds  her  nest  and  rears  her  young  in  stillness  undis 
turbed.  Where  the  long  lines  of  blue  and  of  gray,  of  glittering  metal  and  of  deter 
mined  men  once  made  a  great  panorama  of  war  from  the  Delaware  to  the  Mississippi, 
no  sign  remains  of  the  battles  that  were  fought  and  the  blood  that  was  shed,  except, 
perhaps,  the  broken  wheel  or  the  rusted  gun-barrel  that  the  plowshare  of  hus 
bandry  upturns,  twenty  years  after,  to  a  sky  that  is  cloudless  and  serene. 

To  a  generation  that  has  grown  up  in  America  the  long  and  bloody  tale  is  but  a 
story,  and  nothing  more,  but  to  many  a  man  in  this  hall  and  to  many  a  woman's 
heart  throughout  this  land  it  is  a  reality  whose  vividness  time  can  never  diminish — a 
picture  whose  lurid  lights  and  gloomy  shades  will  fade  when  across  it  falls  the  velvet 
pall  of  death. 

It  may  safely  be  said  that  with  every  man  who  took  part  in  that  mighty  drama,  its 
memories  are  more  deeply  impressed  and  are  recalled  with  more  vivid  power  than 
those  of  any  other  era  of  his  life.  Whether  he  looks  back  upon  the  toil  and  weary 
years  of  forced  marches,  the  sickness  and  hardship  of  the  camp,  the  agonies  of  prison 
and  hospital,  the  deadly  dangers  that  were  hidden  in  the  dark  shadows  of  the  picket 
line,  on  the  wild  conflict  of  armed  masses,  the  shriek  and  scream  of  shells,  and  the 
lightnings  and  thunders  of  the  battle,  all  is  so  distinct  that  it  seems  as  if  it  took 
place  but  yesterday  and  might  to-morrow  be  renewed.  Time  and  again  have  you 
fought  your  battles  over.  Time  and  again  have  you  of  old  shared  the  common  peril 
fighting  for  the  common  cause,  the  salvation  and  perpetuation  of  the  country  you 
love. 

But  while  each  of  you  has  a  volume  of  memories,  all  his  own,  the  people  have  a 
memory  as  well.  You  remember  what  you  did.  The  people  remember  how  you  did 
it,  and  the  grand  result  that  you  accomplished.  You  fought  for  no  personal  gain  ; 
for  if  there  is  any  thing  on  earth  that  can  compensate  for  the  loss  of  life  or  of  loved 
ones,  it  has  yet  to  be  discovered. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  ,  23 

To  the  soldier  valor  is  its  own  reward  no  less  than  virtue.  Duty  alone  guided  your 
steps,  and  grim  courage  held  you  to  a  path  which  led  you  knew  not  whither.  Many  of 
you  wore,  and  now  wear,  the  shoulder-straps  that  testified  to  your  country's  trust  and 
confidence.  Many  of  you  wear  that  higher  and  holier  badge,  an  empty  sleeve.  But 
all  of  you,  from  the  humblest  private  who  offered  his  all  upon  his  country's  altar,  to 
the  general  or  admiral  who  offered  just  as  much  but  not  any  more  than  he,  are  now 
reaping  a  reward  of  which  you  did  not  think  ;  are  receiving  a  tribute  that  is  a  credit 
as  much  to  the  people  you  fought  for  as  to  yourselves — a  nation's  reverence  and  a 
nation 's  honor  for  the  loyalty,  the  bravery,  and  the  nobility  that  in  the  past  you  have 
displayed,  and  in  the  present  you  typify. 

There  can  be  no  more  beautiful  sight  to  the  patriotic  citizen  than  that  of  a  great 
mass  of  people  twenty -one  years  after  war  has  ceased  making  a  joyous  and  festal 
occasion  of  the  reunion  of  those  veterans  who  long  agd  went  forth  to  war.  Much  though 
the  occasion  may  mean  to  you,  to  the  country  it  means  more.  It  is  a  grand  exem 
plar  of  the  great  truth  that  here,  in  the  farthest  spot  of  the  Far  West — on  the  verge  of  a 
great  territory  that  stretches  from  ocean  to  ocean  across  a  mighty  continent — the  same 
flag  floats  as  waves  above  the  surges  of  the  Atlantic  ;  the  same  laws  govern  ;  the  same 
spirit  of  patriotism  binds  in  an  [indissoluble  bond  the  people  of  the  West  and  of  the 
East,  of  the  North  and  of  the  South,  in  unchangeable  love  for  and  fidelity  to  the 
grand  Government  of  the  United  States.  The  same  spirit  that  a  century  ago 
prompted  our  revolutionary  sires  to  rise  and  set  free  the  land  of  their  adoption  beats 
hard  and  strongly  in  the  national  heart  of  to-day.  And  the  bitter  family  quarrel  of 
1861,  greatly  as  it  is  to  be  deplored,  but  served  when  it  was  over  to  make  the  Union 
firmer  and  more  lasting  than  before. 

This  is  the  great  lesson  that  is  to  be  drawn  from  celebrations  like  the  present. 
Not  only  the  success,  but  the  very  existence,  of  a  nation  is  to  be  measured  by  the 
patriotism  of  its  people. 

I  wish  from  the  bottom  of  my  heart  that  the  master  mind  that  found  "  books  in 
running  brooks  and  sermons  in  stones,  and  good  in  everything, "  could  have  written 
the  book,  the  sermon  and  the  moral  that  were  to  be  found  in  your  veteran  ranks  as 
they  marched  along  our  streets  to-day.  It  would  be  a  sermon,  a  lesson  in  loyalty,  of 
the  greatest  value  and  the  deepest  good.  It  might  cause  the  people  in  their  eager 
strife  for  riches  and  happiness  to  stop  and  think.  It  might  remind  them  that  there 
are  higher  claims  than  those  of  commerce  ;  that  there  are  greater  honors  than  those 
that  wealth  confers  ;  that  among  their  obligations  as  business  men  and  citizens  they 
should  ever  remember  the  weight}"  debt  whose  principal  and  interest  they  may  at  any 
time  be  called  upon  to  pay — the  debt  they  owe  their  country  for  a  freedotn,  a  liberty, 
and  a  protection  in  their  individual  pursuit  of  happiness  such  as  is  enjoyed  by  the 
citizens  of  no  other  country  upon  God's  earth  to-day.  [Applause.] 

But  aside  from  the  pleasure  which  we  feel  as  Californians  on  an  occasion  in  which 
the  host  is  no  less  honored  than  the  guest,  it  is  a  source  of  gratification  throughout 
the  State  that  its  beauty  and  its  rare  valleys  will  be  beheld  by  so  many  new  and 
intelligent  eyes.  That  the  stories,  its  wonderful  productions  and  rare  advantages  do 
not  properly  belong  among  fairy  tales,  you  will  now  have  a  chance  to  see  for  your 
selves. 

Do  not  imagine  that  the  city  of  San  Francisco  constitutes  the  entire  State.  The 
residents  of  this  municipality  will  doubtless  try  to  convince  you  that  when  you  have 
seen  this  famous  city  there  will  be  little  left  to  inspect.  It  is  my  duty,  however,  to 
tell  you  that  the  possible  fogs  and  not  uncommon  winds  you  may  have  found  here  do 


24  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

not  properly  represent  the  wonderful  climate  of  which  you  perhaps  have  heard  in  con 
nection  with  California.  That  to  the  north,  the  south,  and  the  east  of  you  are  100,000 
square  miles  of  harvest-lands,  where  the  grain  lies  heaped  in  tons  ;  of  vineyards 
whose  purple  richness  will  soon  be  bursting  from  a  thousand  presses.  There  are 
sights  to  be  seen  that  no  other  State  in  the  Union  can  equal. 

There  are  wonders  of  nature's  handiwork  in  our  woods  and  among  our  mountains 
that  are  the  rarest  of  the  kind  upon  the  earth.  And  most  important  of  all  are  the 
leagues  upon  leagues  of  soil  as  yet  but  scarcely  tried  ;  there  are  comfortable  abiding 
places  and  happy  homes  for  all  who  may  choose  to  remain  among  us. 

It  is  a  long  time  since  the  war.  Even-  man  who  took  part  in  it  has  now  begun  to 
grow  old,  and  when  the  hardships  that  passed  unnoticed  in  younger  life  begin  to  tell 
upon  growing  age,  the  advantages  of  living  in  a  land  where  the  thermometer  obsti 
nately  declines  to  rise  above  90  degrees  in  the  hottest  summer,  and  deliberate!}-  refuses 
to  go  below  zero  in  the  coldest  winter  are  too  obvious  to  need  comment.  The  blizzard 
we  are  aware  of  only  through  the  Associated  Press  dispatches.  The  thunder-storm  to 
us  is  a  rare  and  pleasing  spectacle,  and  when  a  man  leaves  his  home  in  California  he 
never  comes  back  to  find  that  his  house  has  been  attached  without  warning  by  Mother 
Nature  and  carried  off  by  a  deputy  sheriff  in  the  shape  of  a  cyclone. 

In  whatever  direction  you  may  journey  in  our  State  and  from  whatever  personal 
standpoint  you  may  investigate  and  inquire,  your  inquiries  will  be  amply  rewarded. 
You  will  find  on  every  hand  undeveloped  opportunities  awaiting  the  advent  of  enter 
prise  and  industry.  You  will  everywhere  receive  a  hearty  welcome,  and  you  will  find 
that  among  the  productions  of  California  is  a  bounteous  crop  of  the  Christian  virtues, 
with  hospitality  standing  at  their  head.  [Applause.] 

MAYOR  BARTLETT. 

Mayor  Bartlett  next  extended  a  greeting  from  the  municipality  of  San  Francisco 
in  the  following  terms  : 

Commander  and  Comrades  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic:  On  behalf  of 
the  people  and  city  I  extend  to  you  a  cordial  welcome  to  San  Francisco. 

I  assure  you  the  people  of  our  city  appreciate  and  honor  the  patriotism  which 
induced  you,  when  the  integrity  of  the  country  was  threatened,  to  leave  your  peaceful 
vocations  and  enroll  yourself  in  the  armies  of  the  country  to  defend  its  flag. 

Although  far  from  the  scenes  of  conflict,  in  spirit  our  people  were  with  you, 
applauding  each  act  of  fortitude  and  courage  and  rejoicing  in  your  success. 

Your  eminent  services  in  the  field  entitle  you  to  the  grateful  recognition  and 
homage  of  every  lover  of  the  American  Union  and  every  friend  of  republican  institu 
tions. 

The  conciliatory  spirit,  magnanimity,  and  generosity  shown  to  your  antagonists 
at  the  close  of  the  struggle  are  no  less  entitled  to  our  admiration  and  gratitude.  When 
your  great  commander  at  Appomattox  bade  Lee's  soldiers  return  to  their  homes  and 
take  their  horses,  and  promised  that  so  long  as  they  observed  the  laws  the}-  should 
not  be  disturbed  by  the  Government,  he  dictated  the  policy  of  the  country  toward 
those  against  whom  its  arms  had  been  directed  and  made  a  speedy  reconciliation  and 
universal  love  for  the  restored  Union  possible  in  the  hearts  of  those  who  had  lately 
been  in  rebellion  against  it.  No  class  of  citizens  was  ever  more  willing  to  sanction 
and  maintain  this  generous  policy  than  the  soldiers  of  the  army,  and  to  them  must 
be  attributed  the  credit  of  its  success. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  25 

Veterans  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  you  are  honored  for  your  generosity 
and  moderation  no  less  than  for  your  valor  and  prowess.  And  it  is  pre-eminently  to 
your  credit  that  under  no  circumstances  did  you  ever  forget  that  you  were  American 
citizens,  subject  to  the  laws  of  your  country.  When  peace  was  established  you  cheer 
fully  returned  to  }-our  peaceful  vocations  ;  and  you  have  since  contributed  by  your 
industry  and  energy  to  the  general  wealth  and  prosperity  of  your  country. 

I  congratulate  you  upon  the  present  prosperous  and  happy  condition  of  all 
sections  of  our  country.  You  have  lived  to  see  the  bitterness  of  sectional  strife  entirely 
eradicated  from  the  minds  of  the  better  classes  of  our  people,  and  a  perfect  Union 
thoroughly  established  ;  in  all  parts  of  our  country  the  people — citizens  of  a  common 
country — bound  together  by  ties  which  are  to  last  forever. 

I  again  welcome  you  to  our  city  and  our  homes,  and  trust  that  you  will  be  made 
to  feel  that  although  you  have  crossed  a  continent  you  are  still  among  your  own 
people,  whose  loyal  hearts  beat  in  unison  with  yours  in  devotion  to  the  Union  and 
the  dear  old  flag. 

After  the  band  played  a  national  air,  General  Barnes  advanced  to  the  speakers' 
stand  and  said  :  Comrades,  I  need  not  introduce  to  you  the  next  speaker,  but  to  our 
fellow-citizens  I  will  say  that  the  response  on  behalf  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  will  be  made  by  one  who  holds  his  commission  from  you,  signed  by  your 
respect  and  countersigned  by  your  love. 

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF    BURDETT. 

Amidst  great  applause  Commander-in-Chief  Samuel  S.  Burdett  arose  and  said  : 

Governor  Stoneman,  Mr.  Mayor,  Comrades,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  :  I  have  a 
week  of  labor  with  my  voice  yet  before  me  and  you  will  excuse  me  therefore  if  I  do 
not  willfully  destroy  it  by  undertaking  to  make  this  vast  congregation  hear  the  few 
words  which  I  have  to  offer.  I  feel  that  a  very  great  responsibility  is  laid  upon  me 
in  that  I  am  asked  to  respond  on  the  part  of  my  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  not  only  for  these  cordial  words  of  welcome  which  have  been  so  eloquently 
uttered  here  to-night,  but  as  well  for  the  great  things  which  haye  been  done  for  us  so 
far,  which  are  promised  in  the  future,  and  which  we  know  will  be  more  than  gener 
ously  fulfilled.  [Applause.] 

We  believe,  because  our  mothers  taught  us  so  out  of  the  good  book  which  is  yet 
open  in  our  midst,  that  he  who  giveth  to  drink  a  cup  of  cold  water  in  the  name  of  a 
Christian  shall  receive  a  Christian's  reward.  [Applause.]  What  shall  be  the  reward 
of  this  people  who  have  strewn  the  path  of  the  Grand  Army  with  flowers,  who  have 
offered  them  in  the  largest  abundance  the  wine  of  refreshment  and  in  all  sorts  of  ways 
have  entertained  and  filled  our  whole  souls  and  bodies  with  joy  ?  [Applause.] 

Now  fellow-citizens,  ladies  and  gentlemen  of  California,  you  need  not  think  that 
for  all  these  years  you  have  been  so  hidden  away  in  this  far-off  part  of  this  great  land 
as  that  we  have  not  heard  of  you.  California  in  that  great  struggle,  the  memories  of 
which  have  brought  us  here,  we  know  did  her  full  duty.  [Applause.] 

There  are  a  good  many  of  us  who  remember,  and  I  think  I  may  fittingly  refer  to  the 
fact,  that  before  the  war  begun,  whilst  yet  its  premonitions  were  only  here  and  there, 
but  yet  while  its  great  strength  was  gathering  for  the  struggle  that  was  to  come,  that 
upon  this  ground  was  fought  out  much  that  in  the  end  resulted  in  the  success  and  the 
glory  of  our  armies  in  this  nation.  [Applause.] 


26  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

I  remember  that  here  Broderick  [Loud  applause]  taught  the  men  of  California 
and  this  whole  great  coast  to  respect  themselves  and  their  country  against  the  faction 
which  even  then  began  to  hate  it.  [Cheers.]  We  remember  that  tipon  this  coast 
was  trained  the  voice  and  inspiration  of  that  orator  who,  next  to  Demosthenes,  per 
haps  stands  first,  who  inspired  men  to  great  thoughts  and  deeds — here  was  heard  the 
voice  of  Baker.  [Applause.] 

Ladies  and  gentlemen,  it  is  worth  remarking  that  on  this  coast,  and  I  believe, 
for  a  start,  California  loved  him  who  at  length  led  the  armies  of  the  Union  to  victory. 
Who  shall  say  that  U.  S.  Grant  did  not  learn  to  love  his  country  better  under  these 
smiling  skies?  [Cheers.]  I  need  not  tell  you  that  among  the  first  to  put  his 
foot  upon  this  soil,  as  representing  the  armed  force  of  his  country,  in  that  early  day 
when  these  shores  were  wrested  from  Mexico,  and  who  afterwards  was  a  citizen  of 
your  city,  was  William  Tecumseh  Sherman.  [Cheers.] 

You  have  done  something  for  your  country,  although  you  were  a  great  way  off.  I 
ought  not  and  will  not  forget,  on  behalf  of  the  Grand  Army,  to  mention  another  most 
pleasant  fact.  We  all  remember  that  sack  of  flour,  all  the  way  from  California,  that 
went  all  through  our  Northern  States,  and  was  sold,  and  sold,  and  sold  again  for 
fabulous  prices,  in  order  that  the  store  of  the  good  men  and  women  who  were  trying 
to  bless  the  soldiers  in  the  hospitals  might  be  replenished.  [Cheers.] 

We  remember  very  well  that  California,  in  the  work  of  the  Sanitary  Commission, 
stood  first  and  foremost  of  all  the  States  in  this  land. 

Ladies  and  gentlemen,  I  have  not  told  you  half  we  know  about  you.  We 
are  very  glad  to  be  here.  It  is  a  new  light  to  many  of  us.  [Applause.] 

Before  our  eyes  get  very  dim,  and  before  our  limbs  weaken  under  us  so  that  we 
can  no  longer  carry  ourselves  about,  we  desire  to  see  this  Western  shore,  and  here  we 
are.  We  are  not  disappointed  in  the  least,  I  assure  you.  We  had  often  read  of  the 
glories  of  your  land.  For  myself,  in  a  far-off  country,  I  remember  once  scanning  a 
poem  written  by  one  of  your  own  distinguished  citizens  and  a  perfect  gentleman, 
Lucius  Harwood  Foote,  in  \vhich  the  grandeur  of  your  peaks  and  hills  and  plains  are 
set  down. 

Midsummer  days  have  tanned  the  valley's  hide, 
And  draped  the  mountain's  corrugated  side 
With  dapple  robes  of  green  and  gold  and  dun, 
Where  heat  waves  wimple  in  the  midday  sun, 
White  farmsteads  nestle  under  brooding  trees, 
And  gleam  like  white  sails  on  the  wrinkled  seas. 

Stout-hearted  nomads  from  far-distant  lands 
Have  pitched  their  tents  and  built  their  camp-fires  here, 
And  though  the  thirsty  fields  are  brown  and  sere, 

A  bounteous  harvest  waits  on  willing  hands. 
In  all  methinks  I  see 

The  counterpart  of  Italy  without  her  dower  of  art. 
We  have  the  lofty  Alps,  the  fur-fringed  hills— 
A  green  and  golden  valley  veined  with  rills. 

A  dead  Vesuvius  with  its  smoldering  fire, 
A  tawny  Tiber  sweeping  to  the  sea  ; 

Our  seasons  have  the  same  superb  attire, 
The  same  redundant  wealth  of  flower  and  tree, 

Upon  our  peaks  the  same  imperial  dyes, 
And  day  by  day  serenely  over  all 

The  same  successive  months  of  smiling  skies. 

This  California  of  the  poet's  vision  we  have  seen  and  are  very  glad.  Ladies  and 
gentlemen,  and  you,  Governor  Stoneman  and  Mr.  Mayor,  returning  with  all  my  heart 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  27 

for  my  comrades  our  most  sincere  thanks  for  all  you  have  done,  for  all  that  you 
promise,  and  for  the  more  that  you  will  do,  I  for  the  present  sit  down,  wishing  you  all 
good  night.  [Applause.] 

GENERAL  KING. 

General  Horatio  C.  King  was  then  introduced,  and  on  behalf  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  spoke  as  follows  : 

The  Army  of  the  Potomac  waged  a  severe  war  in  the  East,  but  I  do  not  think  they 
ever  had  more  difficulty  than  they  have  had  in  the  past  two  days  that  they  have  been 
assembled  here  in  resisting  the  generous  hospitality  of  the  people  of  San  Francisco. 

We  have  traveled,  most  of  us,  to  be  present  with  you  here  to-night.  It  was  not 
expected,  indeed,  that  we  should  ever  be  called  to  meet  so  far  from  the  base  of  our 
supplies,  but  I  am  perfectly  sure  that  no  member  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  who 
has  been  present  here  has  had  any  suffering  for  a  want  of  supplies.  We  crossed  the 
most  terrific  desert,  in  our  imagination,  that  I  have  ever  heard  spoken  of,  and  I  am 
assured  that  not  a  single  member  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  suffered  from  thirst  for 
a  single  moment,  and  we  have  not  been  dry  since  we  have  been  in  California. 
[Laughter.] 

In  looking  around  upon  this  sea  of  faces,  all  strange  to  me,  I  am  reminded  some 
what  of  an  anecdote  which  I  heard  a  little  while  ago  of  a  couple  of  Germans  who 
desired  to  have  the  portrait  of  their  dead  father  painted.  They  went  to  an  artist  and 
asked  him  to  paint  the  portrait  of  their  father.  "  Certainly,"  said  he,  "have  you  a 
picture  of  him?  "  "Oh,  no.  "  "Is  he  living  ?  "  "Oh,  no  ;  he  is  dead,  but  we  must 
have  a  picture  of  him.  "  Well,  the  ingenious  artist  sat  down  and  got  up  a  very  good 
picture  of  an  imaginary  individual.  When  it  was  all  done  they  sent  for  the  daughter, 
Katrina,  to  look  at  the  picture.  When  she  looked  at  it  she  said  :  "Oh,  yes,  dot  is 
mine  fader,  but  he  vos  so  changed."  You  are  my  brethren,  but,  oh  !  how  you  are 
changed.  Yet  there  is  one  bond  of  friendship  which  binds  us  all  together ;  it  is  that 
bond  of  the  old  war.  Wherever  we  go,  to  any  part  of  this  broad  land,  wherever  the 
old  soldier  stands  before  the  public,  he  finds  his  friends.  We  know  that  wherever  we 
meet,  wherever  we  go,  we  shall  find  that  bond  of  sympathj^  whether  it  be  in  young 
or  in  old.  All  will  thank  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  the  armies  of  the  West  that 
under  the  blessing  of  Providence  we  helped  to  save  this  nation.  So,  comrades  in  this 
might}-  fellowship,  with  more  to  bind  vis  than  a  word  or  grip,  we  gather  here  again, 
thus  solemnly  to  bind  ourselves  anew  to  liberty. — 

To  holy  memories  of  deeds  we  have  done  ; 

To  form  resolves  of  duties  yet  begun  ; 

To  brotherhood  with  comrades  in  distress  ; 

To  help  the  widow  and  the  fatherless  ; 

To  readiness,  if  ere  our  country  calls, 

To  take  our  well-worn  sabers  from  the  walls, 

And  strike  again,  as  we  have  struck  before, 

For  that  dear  flag  our  patriot  fathers  bore. 

[Cheers.] 

GENERAL  DIMOND. 

Brigadier-General  W.  H.  Dimond  was  the  next  speaker,  and  as  the  representative 
of  the  military  order  of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  States  said  : 

Commander  and  Comrades :  For  the  past  twenty  years  orators  and  poets  have 
been  recounting  in  eloquent  sentences  and  rhythmatic  lines  the  labors,  sufferings  and 


28  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

victories  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  in  its  struggles  for  the  Union.  Around 
the  camp  fire,  rekindled,  not  for  war,  but  ' '  auld  acquaintance  sake, ' '  battle-scarred 
veterans  now  meet  in  brotherly  reunion  and  tell  again  the  stories  of  the  war  that 
saved  the  Union  and  the  flag. 

In  newspapers,  magazines,  and  personal  memoirs  the  men  who  led  these  veterans 
to  victory  are  writing  the  history  of  this  great  civil  war. 

But  far  more  eloquent  than  any  oration,  more  musical  than  any  martial  poem, 
more  pleasing  than  the  reassembling  in  time  of  peace  of  these  old  companions  in  arms, 
more  important  than  these  pages  of  history,  is  the  effect  that  this  annual  gathering  of 
the  soldiers  of  the  republic  has  upon  the  republic  itself.  Their  presence  in  such  num 
bers  revives  a  nation's  gratitude,  and  kindles  anew  and  into  more  vigorous  life  the 
people's  appreciation  of  the  magnitude  and  value  of  their  victories.  After  the  smoke 
of  battle  has  cleared  away,  when  the  booming  of  the  guns  and  the  tramp  of  marching 
armies  are  no  longer  heard  ;  when  war's  dread  alarms  have  ceased  and  the  sword  has 
been  converted  into  the  plowshare  ;  when  peace,  generous  and  kind,  makes  glad  the 
land,  a  people  are  apt  to  forget  the  anxiety  and  struggles  of  the  day  of  battle.  These 
encampments  cause  them  to  remember  how  hard  and  long,  my  comrades,  was  your 
fighting.  These  banners  recall  your  victories.  All  these  associations  arouse  the 
people's  gratitude  to  you ;  their  appreciation  for  what  you  did,  and  thus  render  all 
the  more  solid  and  secure  the  Union  for  which  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic 
fought  so  well. 

This,  in  my  opinion,  is  the  great  benefit  that  results  from  encampments.  Cali 
fornia,  during  the  period  when  your  encampments  were  in  southern  climes,  and  your 
fare  the  soldier's  rations,  was  but  an  undeveloped  Territory.  To-day  she  welcomes 
you  to  one  of  the  most  prosperous  and  cultured  commonwealths. 

As  one  of  her  citizens,  as  commander  of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  California,  allow 
me,  in  behalf  of  my  companions  who  join  me  in  this  welcome,  to  match  your  valor 
and  loyalty  with  our  unstinted  hospitality. 

When  the  chairman  announced  the  name  of  General  William  T.  Sherman  as  the 
next  speaker,  the  ovation  given  upon  his  appearance  on  the  platform  was  renewed. 

GENERAL  SHERMAN. 

General  Sherman,  after  quiet  had  been  restored,  said  : 

Comrades,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen:  Be  silent  that  you  may  hear,  and  even  then  not 
half  of  you  will  hear  what  I  have  to  say,  and  of  that  half  not  half  of  you  will  pay 
attention  to  it.  Whoever  had  the  management  of  this  affair  designed  it  as  the 
welcome  to  California  and  the  city  of  San  Francisco  of  the  representatives  of  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic.  That  has  been  admirably  responded  to  by  our  Commander- 
in-Chief. 

At  the  bottom  of  the  programme  there  is  put  down  remarks  by  General  Logan 
and  myself — a  kind  of  a  rover — no  subject — a  free  dance  ;  therefore  remember  that 
whatever  I  say  is  not  to  be  put  down  in  the  book. 

In  the  first  place,  to  the  ladies  and  gentlemen  of  San  Francisco  and  California 
who  can  hear  my  voice,  I  say  that  the  men  who  sit  before  them  represent  over 
300,000  loyal,  true  soldiers  who  fought  for  the  liberty  and  union  of  this  land. 
[Cheers.]  Of  that  three  hundred  and  odd  thousand,  about  10,000  are  now  in  the  city 
of  San  Francisco.  Eight  hundred  of  them  are  delegated  by  their  comrades  to  come 
here  and  represent  the  whole,  of  which  about  600  are  present.  This  accounts  for  the 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  29 

flags  on  your  streets,  the  magnificent  arches,  especially  that  grand  one  on  Market 
Street.  It  accounts  for  the  enthusiasm  which  marks  the  population  of  San  Francisco 
to-day ;  it  accounts  for  the  grand  audience  before  me  to-night. 

Every  man  with  a  heart  and  soul  must  respond  to  a  call  of  this  kind.  It  reaches 
not  only  the  old  man,  but  the  young  man,  the  women  and  children  as  well,  for  now 
we  look  aloft  and  see  but  one  flag,  the  flag  that  we  swore  to  defend,  that  flag  that  we 
will  defend  as  long  as  we  have  muscle  and  brain,  and  we  are  proud  of  it.  Yea,  every 
one  of  us  over  the  broad  land  north  and  south,  east  and  west,  is  proud  that  we  have 
but  one  banner,  and  that  banner  is  the  banner  of  liberty. 

Now,  my  comrades,  I  wish  to  strengthen  the  arms  of  the  officers,  your  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  and  the  staff  he  has  brought  with  him,  and  that  other  Commander 
and  Chief  that  you  are  to  elect  to-morrow  or  next  day,  with  the  staff  he  ma}'  bring  in 
with  him.  What  are  we?  We  are  citizens  now  of  the  proudest  republic  on  the  face  of 
the  globe.  We  are  sworn  to  loyalty.  We  are  sworn  to  fraternity,  and  we  are  sworn 
to  charity.  Yea,  indeed,  my  friends,  you  must  and  will  ever  be  loyal  to  the  Govern 
ment  of  the  United  States  and  the  State  where  you  live  and  the  State  where  you  want 
to  go,  and  you  have  a  right  to  go  to  any  State  you  please.  [Cheers.]  That  is  the 
land  of  liberty,  and  that  is  the  loyalty  which  you  have  sworn  to. 

We  are  brothers.  Already  we  are  brothers.  We  were  brothers  in  war,  laid  side 
by  side  in  the  mud — yea  in  the  snow.  We  shared  the  same  old  haversack  ;  we  drank 
out  of  the  same  old  canteen  [cheers]  ;  therefore  we  swear  to  fraternity.  Then  comes 
charity — last  and  best  of  all  ;  not  only  charity  of  deeds  to  help  the  sick,  to  relieve  the 
distressed,  to  lift  up  those  who  are  fallen,  to  be  kind  to  the  old,  but  charity  of  opinion 
to  leave  to  every  man  the  right  to  think  as  his  mind  and  brains  suggest,  respecting 
that  judgment  though  we  may  differ  with  him.  That  is  the  charity  we  have  sworn 
to,  and  that  is  the  reason,  my  citizen  friends,  you  have  cause  to  look  up  to  these  old 
soldiers,  for  they  are  not  only  three  hundred  and  odd  thousand  good,  strong,  brave,  and 
loyal  men,  but  they  represent  principles  as  pure  as  the  throne  of  heaven  itself.  Yes, 
indeed,  we  learn  lessons  at  all  times  and  places.  I  was  here,  I  believe,  long  before  any 
man  who  is  in  this  hall  to-night.  If  there  is  an  older  California!!  than  myself,  I  do 
not  know  it.  [Cheers.]  I  came  here  on  the  i4th  of  July,  1846. 

My  friends  and  fellow-citizens,  heed  me  well.  Your  Commander-in-Chief  has 
told  you  the  truth  when  he  said  that  Grant  learned  a  lesson  here.  He  might  have 
said  Sheridan  learned  a  lesson  here.  Certainly  your  old  Uncle  Billy  did  learn  a  lesson 
here.  [Laughter.]  I  will  tell  you  that  lesson  in  a  few  words,  and  then  I  will  relieve 
you  of  my  presence. 

In  '47  there  came  into  California  an  emigration  of  about  20,000  souls,  some  of 
whom  were  old  men  and  old  women  and  some  were  young,  not  one  in  five  as  strong 
as  the  men  who  composed  our  armies  in  1864.  Yet  those  people  had  come  all  the  way 
from  St.  Joe,  Mo.,  or  Leavenworth,  2,000  miles,  without  one  single  place  to  stop  at  to 
change  an  ox  or  horse,  or  to  get  a  pound  of  bacon  or  flour.  The  Mormons  had  not  yet 
come  to  Salt  Lake.  Before  the  Mormons  came  that  emigration  ;  I  saw  them  come  into 
the  valley  of  the  Sacramento.  They  had  come  2,000  miles  without  a  base  of  supplies. 
Why  should  I,  at  Atlanta,  hesitate  about  coming  320  miles  without  a  base  of  sup 
plies  ?  [Cheers.] 

That  lesson  is  not  laid  down  in  the  books.  You  may  search  the  books  all 
through,  from  the  first  down  to  the  latest  author  on  the  art  of  war,  and  you  will  not 
find  that  principle.  The  principle  laid  down  is,  You  ought  not  go  more  than  100 
miles  from  your  base  of  supplies.  I  went  320,  but  the  oldest  emigrant  to  California 


30  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

in  '47,  '48,  '49,  and  '50  came  2,000  miles  without  a  base.  I  therefore  take  off  my  hat 
to  them  as  soldiers.  t 

Another  thing  I  want  to  tell  you  :  I  will  never  be  content  as  long  as  I  live  (so  the 
quicker  you  bury  me  the  better),  because  we  did  not  have  to  live  on  those  mules.  I 
wanted  to  make  our  men  understand  that  mule's  meat  was  good,  but  somehow  the 
rascals  gathered  together  corn,  flour,  and  rice,  and  they  did  not  have  to  eat  the  mules. 
I  saw  General  Stephen  W.  Kearny,  after  whom  the  street  down  which  we  paraded 
to-day  is  named,  start  with  thirty  men,  and  they  carried  no  wagon-train.  They  had  a 
few  pack-mules  and  horses,  and  they  carried  a  little  corn — very  little  indeed — some 
flour,  some  sugar,  some  coffee,  and  plenty  of  salt,  and  they  ate  up  those  horses  on  the 
way.  [Laughter.]  Now,  when  I  went  south  from  Atlanta,  and  from  Savannah  north, 
I  had  in  my  mind  the  consciousness  all  the  time  that  I  had  another  base  of  supplies  in 
my  mules  and  horses.  [Laughter.] 

My  friend  Logan  is  in  the  same  box  with  myself.  We  were  not  advertised,  and 
we  did  not  know  we  had  to  speak  until  we  came  on  this  stand  and  read  the  pro 
gramme.  I  have  called  on  him  many  a  time  to  do  desperate  deeds,  and  called  on  him 
to  face  an  audience  almost  as  big  as  this,  with  muskets  in  their  hands,  and  he  never 
failed.  [Cheers.] 

Since  the  war,  when  muskets  and  cannons  and  all  those  implements  we  used 
to  glory  in  were  laid  aside,  he  has  joined  the  debating  society  of  our  country  and  is 
accustomed  to  the  use  of  words.  I  have  heard  him  often  speak,  but  never  heard  him  say 
an  ungenerous,  unmanly,  or  unkind  thought.  Therefore  I,  with  great  pleasure,  leave 
my  place  to  John  A.  Logan.  [Cheers.] 

When  General  Sherman  concluded  his  remarks,  General  John  A.  Logan  was 
presented.  His  reception  was  hearty  and  of  such  a  general  nature  that  he  could  not 
but  feel  proud  of  it. 

GENERAL  LOGAN. 
He  spoke  as  follows  : 

Mr.  Chairman,  Comrades,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen:  After  what  has  been  said 
to-night  in  your  presence  I  do  not  know  what  I  can  say  that  will  at  all  be  interesting 
to  you  or  satisfactory  to  myself,  but  in  meeting  this  vast  audience  it  naturally  sug 
gests  to  the  mind  thoughts  as  we  pass  along.  To-day  I  met  an  old  gentleman  in  this 
city  who  told  me  he  was  91  years  old.  While  sitting  here  I  was  reflecting  upon  what 
he  said.  I  find  that  that  man  lived  and  might  well  remember  it  when  you  would 
have  to  pass  2,000  miles  from  this  spot  to  step  upon  the  soil  of  the  United  States  of 
America.  In  that  man's  lifetime  we  had  within  the  confines  of  the  United  States  not 
quite  1,000,000  of  square  miles.  Our  Government  then  extended  to  the  Mississippi 
River.  Now  we  have  three  times  that  on  this  side  of  the  Mississippi  River — part 
acquired  by  purchase,  part  by  treaty — the  majority  of  it  as  fine  soil  as  God  ever 
allowed  man  to  place  his  foot  upon.  [Applause.]  You,  my  comrades,  have  passed, 
some  of  you,  over  3,000  miles  of  this  country  to  come  to  this  spot,  which  forty 
years  ago  was  foreign  soil. 

Twenty-five  years  ago  you  were  called  upon  to  see  that  the  3,000,000  square 
miles  that  then  comprised  the  United  States  should  remain  within  the  confines  of  this 
great  Government,  and  that  our  flag  should  be  unfurled  over  every  square  inch  of 
that  American  soil.  [Applause.] 

In  a  short  time  you  accomplished  what  this  Government  demanded  should  be 
accomplished  by  you ;  having  accomplished  that,  if  there  are  men  beneath  the 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  31 

• 

shining  sun  who  are  entitled  to  victory  on  every  spot  within  that  3,000,000  square 
miles,  it  is  the  old  soldiers  who  held  it  together,  who  gave  us  one  flag  and  one  consti 
tution,  who  gave  us  one  grand  Government  under  which  we  all  may  live  in  peace  and 
happiness,  and  enjoy  all  the  blessings  that  God  has  allowed  to  us.  [Applause.] 

California  said  to  you  one  year  ago,  "If  you  will  come  to  our  shore  we  will  show 
you  California  hospitality."  They  have  shown  us  the  beautiful  mountains  and 
streams,  the  magnificent  lakes,  the  fruit  that  ripened  almost  to  bursting  with  its  own 
richness.  All  that  is  inviting  to  man  you  find  on  the  shores  of  California  ;  all  that  is 
generous,  all  that  is  kind,  and  all  that  is  hospitable  is  found  within  the  confines  of 
your  golden  State. 

It  is  true,  perhaps,  that  California  did  not  furnish  the  soldiers  who  saved  the 
Union,  yet  while  the  soldiers  were  handling  the  musket  the  sound  of  the  pick  and 
shovel  in  the  California  gold-fields  was  music  in  the  ears  of  those  who  controlled  the 
Government,  because  you  were  supplying  that  which  was  needed  to  carry  on  the  war 
and  to  sustain  the  armies  of  the  Union.  Be  it  so,  while  you  did  your  duty  and  did  it 
well,  yet  there  were  men,  and  women,  too,  who  remained  at  home,  and  yet  who  are 
entitled  to  all  gratitude  because  they  prayed  to  God  for  your  success  ;  then  gave  their 
money,  their  means,  their  sympathy,  and  all  that  they  could  give,  in  order  to  make 
certain  the  safety  of  this  Union. 

Great  credit  is  due  to  every  class  in  this  country  of  those  who  did  their  duty,  no 
matter  whether  at  home  or  on  the  tented  field.  [Applause.]  But,  my  comrades,  there 
is  something  beyond  the  mere  association  of  individuals  in  the  meeting  of  soldiers. 
Men,  as  our  old  Commander  said,  who  have  lain  down  in  the  mud  together,  who  waded 
swamps  and  morasses  side  by  side,  who  crossed  through  brambles  and  thickets  with 
musket  and  sword  in  hand,  who  lived  on  hard-tack  and  drank  from  the  same  canteen, 
are  united  by  a  cord  as  bright  as  silver  but  as  strong  as  hooks  of  steel ;  and  they  are 
bound  together,  no  matter  where  dispersed  around  this  great  globe  that  God  has 
given  to  man.  [Applause.] 

Where'er  \ve  go,  where'er  we  find  the  soldier,  he  comes  with  an  open  hand  and 
says  "Billy,"  or  "John,  give  us  a  shake."  [Laughter  and  applause.]  That  is  the 
feeling.  It  cannot  be  eradicated.  Thank  God  !  For  in  that  sympathy  that  binds 
soldiers  together  there  is  a  great  measure  of  God-given  charity.  If  a  soldier  has  but 
one  dollar,  and  if  he  finds  a  poor  comrade  or  the  widow  or  the  orphan  of  a  soldier,  he 
divides  that  dollar  with  them.  [Applause.] 

This  organization  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  means  friendship ;  it 
means  loyalty ;  but  best  of  all  it  means,  "Put  your  hands  in  your  pocket  and  help 
the  poor  soldier  wherever  he  is." 

May  the  time  never  come  when  this  Government  shall  be  willing  to  tear  from  its 
walls  the  inscription  that  is  written  there  :  ' '  There  is  one  debt  that  this  Government 
can  never  pay,  and  that  is  the  debt  of  gratitude  it  owes  to  the  soldier  who  saved  our 
'glorious  Union.' '  [Applause.] 

If  this  Government  shall  ever  fail  to  carry  out  this  sentiment,  we  will  carry  it 
out  ourselves,  one  to  another,  so  help  us,  Heaven  !  [Applause.] 

Here  in  California  we  are  met  as  friends  and  as  brothers  we  meet  the  citizens  who 
have  received  us  with  open  hand  and  generous  heart,  and  when  we  return  to  our 
homes  we  can  all  say,  and  say  truthfully,  too,  that  the  generosity  and  kindness  of  the 
people  of  this  Pacific  slope,  extended  to  us  while  here,  will  live  green  in  the  memory 
of  every  Union  soldier  who  has  wended  his  way  hitherward  so  long  as  his  life  shall 
last.  [Applause.] 


32  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

The  people  of  California  have  decorated  the  streets  to-day  in  a  manner  never  wit 
nessed  before  in  any  place  in  the  land ;  they  have  met  us  at  every  step  and  shown  us, 
by  every  means  we  can  imagine,  that  not  only  does  loyalty  live  in  their  hearts,  but  that 
loyalty  has  generated  a  feeling  of  kindness,  of  regard  and  of  sympathy  for  ever}-  one 
who  bore  the  banner  of  his  country,  who  drew  a  saber  in  its  defense,  or  who  pointed 
a  musket  for  its  preservation.  [Applause.] 

Let  us  while  here  show  that  feeling  of  kindness  and  forbearance,  one  to  another, 
that  ought  to  belong  to  generous  soldiers  ;  let  our  meetings  be  calm,  considerate,  and 
deliberate;  and  when  we  have  finished,  and  when  the  term  of  our  visit  here  is  ended, 
let  us  pass  to  our  homes  and  retain  a  joyful  remembrance  of  the  kindness  and  gener 
osity  with  which  we  were  received  in  California.  [Great  applause.] 

When  General  Logan  had  finished  speaking  a  rush  was  made  for  the  platform, 
and  hundreds  of  people  shook  hands  with  him  and  General  Sherman.  After  half  an 
hour  these  noted  gentlemen  succeeded  in  reaching  their  carriages,  and  the  immense 
crowd  slowly  dispersed,  and  one  of  the  most  remarkable  and  enthusiastic  entertain 
ments  ever  held  in  San  Francisco  came  to  an  end. 

THE    ARMY    OF    THE    POTOMAC. 

Oration  delivered  by  Colonel  Stuart  Taylor  before  the  "Society  of  the  Ann}-  of 
the  Potomac,"  August  2,  1886,  at  Metropolitan  Temple,  San  Francisco. 

Ladies  and  Gentlemen  :  From  every  patriot  grave,  kissed  by  the  nation's  tears, 
there  cometh  to  this  Temple  the  whisper  through  the  welcoming  air — "All  quiet  on 
the  Potomac  to-night."  Not  a  rifleman  hid  in  the  thicket — no  news  of  the  death  of 
a  picket.  "Old  Glory's"  stars  are  over  all. 

Soldiers  of  the  Potomac  Army  !  Soldiers  of  the  grandest  army  that  ever  struck 
for  liberty,  nationality,  and  the  rights  of  men !  Heroes  of  the  drama  of  the  civil 
war  !  Your  comrades  who  have  pitched  their  tents  beside  the  nation's  Golden  Gate, 
to  each  and  ever}*  one,  give  loyal,  loving  greeting. 

To  him  who  shouldered  musket,  or  who  drew  a  saber,  within  the  sacred  circle  of  tho.se 
"men  in  blue,"  who  on  old  Potomac's  banks  yielded  allegiance  to  your  martyred, 
immortal  Lincoln,  your  cherished  McClellan,  your  intrepid  Burnside,  your  impetuous 
Hooker,  your  accomplished  Meade,  your  matchless  Grant,  your  brilliant  Sheridan, 
they  shout  in  glad  acclaim,  God  bless  you,  comrade  !  Welcome,  so  welcome  to  our 
homes,  our  hearths,  our  hearts.  "Hope  has  elevated,  and  joy  has  brightened" 
California's  crest,  for  lo  !  these  many  months,  watching  for  your  presence. 

Go  stand  in  yonder  steeple.  From  all  the  hill-tops  you  can  see  her  fires  of  wel 
come.  Along  the  streets  of  all  her  cities  and  her  villages  her  people  are  in  gala  garb. 
Her  flags  make  rainbows  in  the  air  to  arch  the  martial  tread  of  those  who  touched 
the  elbows  of  the  16,000  men  she  sent  across  the  desert  and  the  sea  to  help  you  keep  the 
flag  aloft  when  impious  hands  would  trail  it  in  the  dust.  Her  growing  boys  and 
girls,  and  all  the  children  of  the  schools,  will  make  your  pathway  on  the  morrow 
velvet  with  her  garden's  flowers.  Their  youthful  voices  will  thrill  the  air  with 
music  as  you  pass.  With  arms  of  silver  she  clasps  you  to  the  heart  of  gold  of  this 
the  fair  young  West. 

If  in  this  cherished  throng  there  be  those  who  challenged  death  for  Union's  sake 
beside  the  shotted  guns  of  guardian  navy,  and  gave  true  sailor's  courage  in  support 
of  soldier's  valor,  to  them  we  open  all  the  doors  of  all  our  hearts  and  bid  the  "blue 
jackets  "  enter.  We  know,  my  comrades,  that  in  the  republic's  gallery  of  heroes 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  33 

there  hangs  no  grander  picture  than  our  unmatched  sea-king's,  as,  lashed  to  the 
Hartford's  rigging,  he  dashed  into  the  smoke  and  flame  of  flashing  guns,  and  conquered 
a  victory  which  hath  no  parallel  in  war.  [Applause.] 

There  were  other  armies  than  yours,  men  of  the  Potomac,  whose  soldiers'  forms 
grew  stalwart  and  erect,  whose  steps  grew  confident,  whose  faces  grew  beautiful  even 
as  did  yours,  as  they  hastened  to  duty.  These  were  only  rivals  at  one  common 
altar,  and  our  hands  extend  a  soldier's  grip  to  any  who  grace  this  hall  to-night,  who 
suffered  at  Newbern,  who  accepted  the  perils  of  James  Island,  who  courted  Fort  Wag 
ner's  iron  hail,  who  tore  down  the  gate  to  Nashville,  who  won  crowns  of  fame  at 
Pittsburg  Landing,  shed  heroes'  blood  at  Corinth,  grappled  with  and  conquered 
America's  Gibraltar  at  Vicksburg,  lit  the  clouds  of  Lookout  Mountain  with  the  stars 
of  the  republic's  banners,  made  the  memories  of  Chattanooga  and  Chickamauga  fade 
less  with  prodigies  of  valor  under  the  eyes  of  glorious  Thomas,  added  new  luster  to 
the  American  name  with  "dear  old  Rosey  "  at  Stone  River,  and,  haloed  by  triumph, 
marched  in  rythmic  ranks  from  far  Atlanta  to  where  the  welcoming  waters  of  the  sea 
mingled  their  hymns  of  joy  with  the  stormy  music  of  great  Sherman's  drums.  To 
all — all  these,  Potomac's  soldiers  shout  a  glad  huzza.  [Cheers.] 

Civilians  !  Ye,  whose  generous  gifts  and  words  of  cheer  made  possible  the  sol 
dier's  and  the  sailor's  deeds,  when  purple  testament  of  bleeding  war  was  oped,  to 
you  these  veterans  give  their  loyalty,  their  love.  And  what  can  feeble  speech  of 
mine  give  utterance  to,  too  kind  of  woman  fair  who  sheds  her  lovely  light  upon  these 
scarred  and  maimed  men  to-night  ?  Our  mothers,  soldiers,  were  the  crown-jewels  of 
this  republic.  To  us  they  were  pictorial  Bibles.  How  their  memories  stirred  us  at 
the  front  !  The  loyal  women  of  the  land,  with  enthusiasm  for  the  right  and  tender 
ness  for  the  suffering,  sanctified  with  their  affections  the  armies  of  the  Union. 

Not  ye  alone,  oh!  living  soldiers,  compose  this  gathering.  Not  ye  alone  who  to 
heart-beat  and  drum-beat  guarded  "Old  Glory's  ' '  fortunes.  We  feel  the  presence  of 
that  silent,  heroic  host — invisible  to  mortal  eyes — who  follow  these  annual  reunions 
of  their  comrades,  and  who,  circled  by  immortal  light,  have  entered  at  yonder  open 
door  to  take  their  places  around  us,  and  above  us.  These  are  the  ghostly  sentinels  of 
that  grand  army  which  dwells  beyond  the  stars.  These  are  the  spirits  of  those  whose 
pillows  of  dust  the  hands  of  love  and  sorrow  embroider  with  flowers  every  recurring 
spring.  These  are  the  spirits  of  those  who,  clad  in  shining  garments  of  Peace,  hov 
ered  above  the  serried  ranks  of  blue  and  gray,  and  peopled  the  upper  and  the  outer 
air  of  another  army,  bringing  white  blessings  from  God,  when  Lee's  surrendered 
sword  made  secession's  eternal  grave  on  the  field  of  Appomattox.  These  are  those 
whose  requiems  were  sung  by  shrieking  .shell  and  hissing  bullet,  who  died  in  hospital 
and  in  prison-pen.  These  are  they  who  were  so  noble  and  so  true  that  Death  was 
proud  to  claim  them  as  his  own.  [Applause.] 

These  reunions  are  not  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  alight  resentful  sentiments 
created  by  the  war.  They  were  instituted  not  for  vain-glorious  boastings,  or  to 
awaken  sectional  hate.  They  are  for  the  sole  purpose  of  strengthening  ties  knit 
years  ago,  and  to  relume  the  lamp  of  patriotism.  They  cannot  outrage  the  feelings 
of  any  loyal  citizen,  no  matter  in  what  geographical  limit  he  was  born.  When  an 
April  Sabbath  twenty-one  years  ago  sealed  war's  bloody  lips,  and  Grant  told  Lee  to 
keep  his  horses  for  the  farmer's  work,  the  breasts  of  the  Potomac's  soldiers  banished 
bitterness,  and  they  and  the  warriors  of  the  Northern  Virginia  army  quaffed  the  wine 
of  peace,  and  pledged  the  fealty  of  friends.  Men  of  the  South  ! — if  there  be  any  here 
to-night — there  was  this  difference  between  you  and  the  Potomac's  soldiers:  you 

C 


34  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

fought  under  the  leadership  of  Lee  ;  they  fought  under  the  leadership  of  God.  In 
this  distinguished  presence,  Mr.  Chairman,  one  feels  the  inspiration  of  the  hour  and 
the  insignificance  of  the  individual. 

The  most  eloquent  tribute  we  could  pay  to  that  army  whose  fame  is  the  most 
precious  rose-leaf  in  this  nation's  book  of  remembrance,  would  be  to  sit  together  in 
that  silence  which  is  sweeter  than  all  speech  and  muse  upon  the  past.  It  is  now 
that  the  leaves  of  memory  make  a  mournful  rustle,  for  thought  is  deeper  than  all 
words,  and  feeling  deeper  than  all  thought. 

To-night  it  is  indeed  "  all  quiet  along  the  Potomac."  We  shatter  the  hour-glass 
and  turn  us  backward  one  quarter  of  a  century  to  think. 

In  his  inaugural  address  on  the  4th  of  March,  1861,  one  of  the  greatest,  purest, 
wisest  men  that  has  lived  since  first  the  stars  sang  song  of  joy  when  a  birth  at  Beth 
lehem  gave  a  Savior  to  mankind,  uttered  these  words  to  his  Southern  fellow-citizens  : 
"  In  your  hands,  my  dissatisfied  fellow-countrymen,  and  not  in  mine,  is  the  moment 
ous  issue  of  civil  war.  The  government  will  not  assail  you.  You  can  have  no 
conflict  without  yourselves  being  the  aggressors.  You  have  no  oath  registered  in 
heaven  to  destroy  the  government,  while  I  will  have  the  most  solemn  one  to  preserve, 
protect,  and  defend  it.  I  am  loath  to  close.  We  are  not  enemies,  but  friends.  We 
must  not  be  enemies.  Though  passion  may  have  strained,  it  must  not  break  our 
bonds  of  affection.  The  mystic  chord  of  memory,  stretching  from  every  battle-field 
and  patriot  grave  to  every  living  heart  and  hearthstone  all  over  this  broad  land,  will 
yet  swell  the  chorus  of  the  Union  when  again  touched,  as  surely  they  will  be,  by 
the  better  angels  of  our  nature. " 

One  month  and  seven  days  after  this  tender  and  inspired  plea  for  peace  the 
iron  lips  of  Moultrie's  gun  spelled  upon  our  sky,  in  letters  red  as  blood,  "  Civil 
War." 

What  battles  were  to  be  fought,  what  graves  were  to  be  filled,  what  desolation 
wrought,  what  hopes  shattered,  what  altars  shivered  who  could  tell  ?  The  Christian 
patriot  could  but  take  heart  of  hope,  put  on  his  armor,  gird  up  his  loins,  and,  while 
wondering  at  the  cause  for  the  appearance  of  that  awful  sign  in  the  heavens,  calm  his 
feelings  by  there  tracing  in  letters  of  light,  over  and  above  that  other  omen  of  blood, 
' '  Be  still  and  know  that  I  am  God !  ' ' 

Sir,  the  Christian  religion  has  done  more  for  the  civilization  of  the  world  and  the 
happiness  of  mankind  than  all  else  beside.  From  that  sacred  spot  where  the  haloed 
head  of  the  young  Christ  lay  pillowed  on  the  straw,  and  from  that  blessed  hour  when 
the  shepherds  guarded  their  sheep  by  night,  and  from  star  to  star  rang  out  the  music 
of  the  message,  "Peace  on  earth,  good-will  to  men,"  the  influence  of  the  celestial 
harmonies  and  their  inherent  forces  has  done  more  for  the  advancement  and  improve 
ment  of  the  human  race  than  have  all  the  military  forces  of  the  world.  And  second 
only  to  those  influences  has  been  that  of  this  republic  in  surrounding  not  only  its 
own  sons  and  its  daughters  with  greater  safeguards  to  make  glad  human  existence 
within  its  borders  than  any  other  government  beneath  the  sun,  but  in  shielding 
within  its  arms  all  those  who,  like  the  wearied  dove,  finding  no  rest  amid  the  old 
world's  troubles,  had  fled  from  persecution  to  embrace  liberty  as  they  saw  it  across 
the  great  sea.  To  us  this  effort  to  divide  the  Union  seemed  nothing  less — no  matter 
what  the  pretense  was — than  a  daring  crusade  against  free  institutions.  [Applause.] 

Can  we  ever  forget,  O  citizen  soldiers,  that  Spartan  band  who  made  the  glories  of 
this  Government  possible?  Embarking  on  an  angry  and  untried  sea,  in  a  frail  ship 
for  an  unknown  shore,  they  dared  to  break  their  thraldom  from  Britain.  They  broke 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  35 

it  from  sense  of  duty,  from  force  of  will,  by  trust  in  God,  from  love  of  truth,  by  the 
spirit  of  liberty.  They  sought  freedom  for  conscience,  free  civic  government,  free 
speech,  free  air.  All  behind  was  home,  all  ahead  was  hope.  To  these  heroic,  these  grand 
souls,  my  comrades,  we  trace  the  first  beatings  of  the  nation's  life.  They  were  the 
vedettes  of  religious  and  political  liberty.  Beyond  the  perilous  paths  they  made  from 
bleak  New  England's  rocky  shore,  and  trod  with  bleeding  feet,  was  arched  the  rain 
bow  of  a  great  republic's  progress.  Upon  the  horizon  of  their  hopes  there  loomed  three 
stars — the  star  of  liberty,  white,  spotless,  serene,  the  star  of  justice,  "  lovely  even  in 
her  frown,"  the  star  of  equality,  no  favor  to  class  or  creed  before  the  law.  Their 
descendants  multiplied  ;  farms  were  planted ;  cities  grew ;  states  developed.  Thirteen 
stars,  each  representing  a  sovereign  State,  gave  light  from  our  ensign. 

At  last  came  trouble.  Tyranny  reached  over  across  the  sea.  And  so,  to  sever 
all  fealty  to  the  crown,  the  pen  of  Freedom  inspired  the  great  charter  of  our  rights. 
The  gauntlet  of  war  was  thrown  at  the  feet  of  the  king. 

But  now,  mark  one  thing.  The  founders  of  the  republic  determined  that  there 
never  should  be  a  moment  when  the  several  communities  of  the  different  colonies 
should  lose  the  character  of  the  component  parts  of  one  nation.  By  their  creation 
and  development,  up  to  the  very  day  of  the  declaration,  they  were  subjects  of  one 
sovereignty,  bound  together  in  one  political  connection,  parts  of  one  country,  under 
one  constitution,  with  one  destiny.  Accordingly  the  declaration  by  its  very  terms 
made  the  act  of  separation  a  dissolving  by  "one  people  "  of  the  "political  bands 
which  have  connected  them  with  another. "  And  the  proclamation  of  the  right,  and 
of  the  fact  of  independent  nationality,  was,  "That  these  united  colonies  are,  and  of 
right  ought  to  be,  free  and  independent  states."  It  was  then  at  one  breath,  indepen 
dence  and  Union  were  declared  and  established.  Such  a  thing  as  separation,  or  seces 
sion,  was  never  dreamed  of  by  our  fathers,  and  never  provided  for.  After  many  years 
of  trial  by  fire  and  sword,  Liberty  struck  down  Oppression.  [Applause.]  The 
republic  went  forth  upon  its  stately  march  again,  the  admiration  of  the  world. 

In  our  war  on  Aztec  soil,  Northman  and  Southman  were  rivals  to  win  new  luster 
for  the  flag.  These  were  they  whom  Valor,  with  generous  hand,  laureled  at  Vera 
Cruz,  at  Palo  Alto,  at  Resaca,  at  Cherubusco,  at  Buena  Vista,  at  Molino-del-Rey,  at 
Chapultepec,  at  Mexico,  standing  together  then  like  wall  of  adamant,  and  in  after 
years  were  parted  by  the  sword  and  bayonet  of  intestine  strife. 

With  this  exception,  no  threat  of  foreign  foe  had  vexed  us.  We  were  respected, 
we  were  feared,  we  were  a  great  people.  All  our  rivers  went  singing  to  the  sea  their 
songs  of  peace.  The  oceans  swelled  with  pride,  as  they  whitened  with  the  sails  of 
our  commerce.  Our  nation  was  the  lap  for  the  great  world's  peace-offerings  which 
came  from  honest  toil. 

Our  hands  of  amity  reached  back  to  all  peoples  a  wondrous  wealth  of  products 
from  well-rewarded  labor.  Joy  laughed  and  sat  at  every  fireside.  Sweet  content 
ment  crowned  the  republic,  and  an  undertone  of  thanksgiving  came  from  prospering 
workshops,  from  harvest's  golden  grain,  from  happy  homes  thrilling  the  land  with 
music  like  a  psalm.  And  when  the  snake  of  rebellion  coiled  its  folds  about  the 
Union,  and  sought  to  sting  it  to  the  heart,  this  was  the  land  that  you,  soldiers  of  the 
Potomac  army,  were  created  to  champion,  and  to  save  !  The  disturbing  question  you 
were  created  to  settle  was  not  one  of  administration,  but  one  of  government.  It  was 
not  one  of  politics,  it  was  one  of  patriotism.  It  was  not  one  of  policy,  it  was  one  of 
principle.  It  was  one  of  the  constitution  and  the  laws  on  one  hand,  it  was  one  of 
anarchy  and  misrule  on  the  other.  ' '  Dissolve  the  Union ' '  was  the  cry.  Snap  its 


36  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

silver  cord.     Break  its  golden  bowl.     Let  it  lie  in  fragments  at  the  feet  of  kings.     Let 
its  shattered  pillars  be  playthings  for  princes.     [Applause.] 

Let  some  hand  impious  as  that  which  fired  the  Ephesian  Temple  put  out  the 
stars  in  that  old  flag  that  "lit  the  welkin  dome,  "whose  every  "hxie  was  born  in 
heaven."  Ah  !  but  could  the  Union  broken  be  again  bound  up,  even  by  aid  of  those 
who  stood  by  the  cradle  of  its  birth.  Never  !  Never !  Let  those  who  believe  it 
could  be,  first  put  breath  in  yonder  dust  which  fills  our  silent  sepulchers.  Let  them 
first  put  sap  in  the  oak  the  lightning  felled.  Let  them  first  make  violets  blossom  on 
the  white  winter's  breast.  But  re-create  a  torn  and  bleeding  Union,  when  once  selfish 
ambition,  lust  of  power,  and  petty  feuds  had  put  forth  leaves,  never — never — never. 

Where  existed  a  government — or  what  wisdom  could  form  one — that  offered  so 
many  privileges  to  its  children  ?  Which  had  so  ennobled  man,  so  elevated  woman, 
so  inspired  our  young  men  with  honorable  ambition,  so  helped  them  in  their  aims  in 
life,  so  guarded  freedom  of  conscience,  so  made  citizenship  glorious,  by  the  expansion 
of  intelligence,  so  fostered  letters  and  the  arts,  so  sheltered  every  exile,  and  given  to 
all  an  equal  chance  for  happiness  and  homes  ?  Though  it  had  by  no  means  been 
exempt  from  maladministration  during  its  eventful  history,  it  had  been  less  arraigned 
for  injustice  than  any  government  on  earth.  [Applause.] 

And  so  secession  was  a  wicked  and  cruel  imposture  by  its  authors,  and  a  cheat 
with  those  who  were  betrayed  into  its  support.  "Heaven  in  rage  for  a  dreadful 
moment  suffered  Hell  to  take  the  reins."  It  was  not  the  private  soldiers  in  gray  who 
were  responsible  for  the  smiting  of  the  nation's  shield.  Nor  was  it  their  great  mili 
tary  chieftains.  These  in  thousands  of  instances  were  but  the  unwilling  instruments 
in  the  hands  of  designing  men.  Let  me  pass  over  the  harrowing  scenes  "  Old  Glory  " 
witnessed.  Blind  thine  eyes,  oh!  Memory.  It  lit  the  way  to  the  Union's  triumph  and 
the  serpent's  death.  Not  only  were  you  a  great  part  of  the  republic's  armies,  soldiers 
of  the  Potomac,  but  you  were  almost  their  greatest  part.  Your  history  began  on  the 
morning  the  rising  sun  gilded  the  bayonets  and  flashed  upon  the  sabers  of  the  North 
men,  as  they  launched  themselves  upon  the  sacred  soil  of  Old  Virginia,  which  became 
the  Flanders  of  the  war.  And  what  a  history.  The  world  affords  no  parallel.  The 
Muse  does  not  record  it.  Other  armies  may  have  been  as  brave,  as  devoted ;  but 
yours  came  from  chaos;  like  the  earth  at  creation's  dawn,  it  was  a  confused  and  shape 
less  mass.  But  as  even  by  the  touch  of  the  Master's  hand,  and  at  the  sound  of  the 
Master's  voice,  order  and  beauty  were  evolved,  so  the  magnetism  and  the  power  of 
the  most  accomplished  organizer  of  modern  times,  your  beloved  McClellan,  made  the 
Potomac  army  shapely  and  superb.  Raw,  undisciplined,  broken  in  .spirit,  the  nucleus 
of  the  force  which  he  was  ordered  to  command  had  become  so  demoralized  by  the 
defeat  at  Bull  Run  that  it  was  more  of  a  mob  than  an  army.  In  three  months  this 
body  of  intelligent  and  patriotic  men,  almost  unaccoutred,  almost  without  commis 
sariat  or  quarter-master's  departments,  "unfitted,"  as  Swinton  says,  "either  to  march 
or  fight, "  had  swollen  to  a  disciplined,  splendid,  spirited,  cheerful,  eager  mass  of  over 
100,000  men,  ' '  deserving  the  fond  name  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Potomac. ' '  [Loud 
applause.] 

Carnot  says,  "It  is  military  discipline  which  is  the  soldier's  glory,  and  the 
strength  of  armies ;  for  it  is  the  foremost  act  of  its  devotion,  and  the  best  assured 
pledge  of  victory. " 

Nothing  could  better  illustrate  the  high  state  of  discipline  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  than  its  conduct  in  such  retreats  as  that  on  the  Peninsula,  and  in  the  Pope 
campaign,  and  in  such  incessant  fighting  as  the  Rapidan  campaign  of  1864. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  37 

Sir,  I  am  not  here  to  discuss  the  merits  and  the  demerits  of  any  of  the  com 
manders  of  the  Potomac  army.  This  is  not  the  time  or  place.  But  for  the  services 
of  his  brain  in  organizing  her  preservers,  and  his  sword  in  defending  the  Union,  his 
old  Potomac  soldiers,  who  loved  him  so  well,  believe  that  on  Fame's  eternal  camping- 
ground,  beyond  the  gates  ajar,  McClellan,  the  Christian  soldier  and  stainless  gentle 
man,  has  not  been  unrewarded.  [Cheers.] 

It  is  habitual,  it  seems  to  me,  when  the  pages  of  the  book  of  the  civil  war  are 
turned  by  orators  and  writers,  to  speak  almost  entirely  of  the  generals  and  other 
officers  of  exalted  rank,  and  to  ignore  the  private  soldiers.  Indeed  it  is  a  rarity 
now-a-days  to  find  a  man  who  served  in  our  armies  any  time  between  1861  and  1865 
who  is  known  by  any  title  less  than  that  of  colonel.  A  friend  actually  had  the  audac 
ity  to  show  me  a  Grand  Army  card  a  day  or  two  ago,  on  which  his  name  appeared  as 
private  in  a  certain  regiment  !  I  gazed  upon  him  with  awe  and  reverence.  And 
looked  twice  to  see  if  he  were  not  daft.  I  shook  his  hand  with  admiration.  For  such 
a  thing  as  a  man  who  served  like  a  hero  in  the  ranks  and  unblushingly  confessed  it, 
and  that  he  had  been  neither  general  nor  colonel,  was  a  curiosity,  and  my  whole  soul 
listened  to  his  modest  explanation  intensely.  [Laughter  and  applause.] 

Sir,  I  am  one  of  those  who  believe  that  the  country  or  the  government  can  never 
too  handsomely  pay  its  debt  of  gratitude  to  the  living  private  soldiers,  or  too  tenderly 
care  for  the  families  of  the  dead.  We  hear  of  too  many  "  boys  in  blue  "  wander 
ing  aimlessly  about,  broken  in  spirits  and  in  health,  homeless,  and  no  hope  of  work. 
The  nation  should  take  care  of  its  own.  How  often  have  I  wished  that  words  were 
dollars,  that  I  might  lift  them  from  their,  depths  of  despair.  Their  histories  are  piti 
ful.  I'd  rather  see  the  earth  without  its  rain,  the  clover  without  its  dew,  our  gardens 
without  their  flowers,  than  see  these  men  who  suifered  for  the  flag  go  hungering  for 
bread,  these  shelterless  veterans  for  whom  wealth  has  no  smiles,  and  plenty  no  help 
ing  hand.  Ix>ok  about  us — the  land  is  full  of  them.  God  pity  the  old  soldiers  who 
are  wretched  from  the  burden  of  sunless  days,  and  who  suffer  from  the  shadows  of 
starless  nights  !  The  nation  should  care  for  its  own  !  In  most  of  the  great  armies  of 
the  world  their  soldiers  were  hirelings.  Nearly  all  of  yours  were  eager  volunteers, 
men  of  intelligence,  of  moral  as  well  as  physical  courage.  With  them  patriotism  was 
a  passion,  the  want  of  it  a  crime.  With  us,  not  only  hardy  men,  inured  to  labor,  left 
workshops  and  farms  in  response  to  trumpet-call  and  drum-beat,  but  those  born  and 
nourished  in  luxury  made  up  the  Potomac's  ranks  of  war.  They  only  knew  that 
men  were  needed,  and  they  hastened  to  endure  wearisome  marches  ;  tney  who  had 
never  known  the  rhythmic  music  of  hurrying  feet,  went  out  to  sleep  under  the  sor 
rowing  stars  in  the  pitiless  air  of  night ;  they  who  had  never  left  the  roof-tree  of 
home,  went  out  to  shiver  in  the  white  cruelty  of  winter ;  they  who  as  fathers  had 
nightly  known  the  joy  of  children's  prattle,  and  touch  of  rosy,  dimpled  fingers,  went 
out  to  fall  by  the  wayside  in  burning  heat,  went  out  to  handle  muskets  ;  they  who  had 
never  seen  a  gun,  went  out  to  light  their  own  fires,  make  their  own  coffee,  groom  and 
saddle  their  own  horses,  to  trudge  along  tired  and  footsore  with  heavy  packs  but 
empty  haversacks,  and  canteens  without  water  ;  they  who  had  locked  arms  with  com 
fort  and  were  strangers  to  work  or  want,  went  out  to  hear,  when  the  mail  came  in,  news 
of  distress  and  poverty  at  home,  in  front  the  foe,  and  no  way  to  give  aid  to  loved 
ones;  went  out  to  be  shot  to  death,  and  thrown  for  burial  without  a  prayer;  went  out 
to  be  fired  at  by  ambushed  foes,  to  be  delirious  with  fever  in  hospital,  tossing  in 
agony,  dying  with  wounds,  calling  on  mothers,  wives,  and  sisters  who  never  came; 
went  out  to  linger  starved  and  shivering  in  loathsome  prison-pens  with  stones  for  pil- 


38  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

lows,  and  vermin  for  companions,  and  scarcely  heart  enough  to  dream  of  home  or  pray 
for  death  ;  went  out  to  lie  cold  and  stiff  in  pools  of  blood,  lapped  by  the  creatures  of  the 
night,  surrounded  by  the  stench  of  festering  wounds  of  horses  and  of  men.  These 
were  they  who  marched  like  heroes  and  like  gods  to  do  and  dare  all  this  for  the 
flag's  sake.  It  was  only  a  piece  of  bunting  they  left  home  for,  only  a  device  of  red 
and  white  and  blue.  But  it  was  very  precious  to  the  boys  at  the  front.  It  was  very 
holy  in  their  eyes.  And  now,  it  would  have  made  us  bankrupt  but  that  its  folds  were 
priceless,  for  their  dear  sake  who  died  for  it !  It  seemed  only  a  rag — a  combination  of 
colors  ;  but  it  meant  an  idea,  a  principle,  and  the  soldiers  were  willing  to  dare  all 
hell  for  it.  Of  these  were  the  private  soldiers  who  filled  the  ranks  of  the  Potomac 
army.  These  were  the  men  who  in  all  that  army's  vicissitudes,  in  all  its  changes  of 
commanders,  when  marshaled  by  joy,  or  crushed  by  despair,  stood  staunch  and  true, 
and  of  whom  the  Murat  of  its  earlier  days,  chivalric,  fearless  Phil  Kearny,  said,  just 
before  Chantilly's  fatal  field,  "  With  200,000  such  men  the  world  would  be  whipped  !" 
In  the  hands  of  this  army,  after  four  fearful  years,  our  banner  lit  the  way  to  the 
Union's  triumph.  True  it  went  down  many  a  time  before  American  valor,  for  the  sol 
diers  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  were  lions  in  conflict.  Their  prowess  only  makes 
greater  your  success.  But  if  it  drooped,  it  rose  again,  bright,  defiant,  blazing  in  the 
beauty  of  its  device,  jocund  in  its  speech  of  fire  !  No  dust  was  ever  made  to  hide  it.  It 
could  not  die.  In  your  hands,  oh,  soldiers  of  the  Potomac,  all  its  stars  were  fagots,  all 
its  stripes  were  flame  !  If  it  faltered,  the  arms  of  heroes  wrenched  it  from  disgrace.  Over 
those  who  fell  on  honor's  field,  Memory  has  poured  her  urn  of  tears,  and  every  spring 
her  wealth  of  flowers.  [Applause.] 

On  an  April  morning,  twenty-one  years  ago,  you  buried  the  blood-red  rose  of  war, 
the  white  blossomed  again,  and  on  that  awful  arena  where  Titans  struggled,  the  sol 
diers  of  the  Potomac  army  had  conquered  peace. 

Some  arms  still  sinewy  to-day,  and  others  turned  to  cold  white  dust,  lifted  it 
aloft  to  its  fit  station,  where  with  no  star  dimmed,  no  stripe  erased,  it  makes  glad  a 
free  air,  lending  its  light  to  blue  and  gray  alike — the  protector  of  liberty  and  Union  ; 
the  guardian  of  beneficent  law.  Was  the  appeal  to  war  unproductive,  oh,  soldiers  ? 
Thus  we  had  solved  the  great  problem  which  had  been  too  hard  for  civic  wisdom. 
With  a  territory  unmutilated,  our  constitution  uncorrupted,  a  united  people  crowned 
with  added  glory  the  immortal  truths  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence  by  the 
emancipation  of  a  race.  Liberty  now  stood  erect  without  a  frown. 

Our  martyred  President,  he  who  had  always  been  the  friend  of  the  army  of  the 
Potomac,  had  by  one  stroke  of  his  inspired  pen  given  her  back  her  courage  and  her 
hope  again.  History  has  encircled  Abraham  Lincoln  with  an  aureole  of  eternal  light. 
Sir,  the  nature  of  that  unselfish  patriot  was  so  truly  good,  that,  like  the  glow-worm, 
it  sparkled  most  when  no  eyes  but  those  in  heaven  saw  it.  [Applause.] 

•  It  may  be  claimed  that  freedom  absolute  has  made  blessed  other  lands  than  ours. 
That  under  the  witchery  of  the  Muses,  and  the  spell  of  eloquence,  it  gave  light  to 
Greece,  that  it  found  shelter  within  the  arms  of  England,  that  it  sought  nourishment 
from  the  breast  of  the  eternal -Alps,  among  the  ice-crowned  cantons  of  the  Swiss.  But 
it  seems  to  me,  comrades,  that  men  must  turn  from  all  these  pictures  painted  by 
unthinking  pens  tolook  with  lofty  emotion  for  the  first  time  in  their  lives  on  the  spot 
less,  unveiled  statue  of  classical  liberty,  as  she  lifts  her  white  grace  aloft  in  this  land 
of  the  American  Union.  [Applause.] 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  39 

Do  we  seek  more  war,  my  comrades  ?  No — no  more  war.  The  world  begins  to 
see  that  great  questions  can  best  be  solved  by  cabinets  instead  of  cannons.  War 
marches  with  bloody  feet,  and  puts  out  joy's  lamp  in  every  heart. 

Go  ask  of  those  whose  feet  so  often  wander  where  the  humble  grass  grows  ten 
derly  above  their  soldier-dead,  if  they  believe  in  war?  Go  ask  of  those  who  suffered 
sorest  for  the  Union  saved.  Go  ask  of  those  whose  dear  ones  it  has  placed  beneath 
the  lock  of  cruel  seals  of  clay. 

Ye  mothers,  widows,  sisters  bereft,  can  ye  look  up  to  see  the  morning  "  furrow 
all  the  Orient  into  gold  ' '  unless  ye  think  what  sacred  grave  it  gilds  ?  Or  can 
ye  watch  the  slow,  declining  day,  unless  ye  wish  it  could  be  always  sunlight  on 
those  silent  mounds  ?  Do  you  ever  see  the  spring-time  daisy  or  the  purple  violet 
unless  ye  think  what  darling  dust  it  is  which  feeds  the  wild-flowers  of  the  Wilder 
ness,  of  Malvern  Hill,  of  Gettysburg,  of  Spottsylvania,  of  Shiloh,  or  the  thousands  of 
other  fields  where  loved  and  lost  are  sleeping  ? 

No  !  no  more  war.  The  flowers  we  scatter  on  Memorial  days,  like  fragments  of 
broken  rainbow,  will  span  the  Union  as  covenants  of  peace.  Since  your  re-union  of 
1885  your  first  and  last  commanders  have  been  summoned  to  enter  into  sinless,  stir- 
less  rest.  To  your  last  commander,  more  than  to  any  other  American,  the  nation 
owes  its  re-created  life.  His  was  the  heart  to  conceive,  the  mind  to  direct,  the  hand 
to  execute.  The  pen  of  Lincoln  and  the  sword  of  Grant.  They  rest  together  in  the 
shadow  of  the  throne.  Their  works  do  follow  them.  [Applause.] 

Grant,  McClellan,  Hancock, three  of  the  Potomac's  heroes.  We  need  no  min 
strel's  verse  to  make  their  names  remembered.  It  were  as  easy  to  forget  them  as 
measure  the  unfathomable  sea.  [Cheers.] 

There  is  one  thought,  comrades,  which  should  impress  itself  on  us,  and  on  the 
young  men  of  the  republic.  What  great  battles  of  the  world  are  comparable 
in  their  cause,  and  their  results,  to  ours  ?  What  were  so  decisive  of  a  lofty,  life 
giving  principle  as  ours,  as  those  last  days,  when  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia, 
wounded  and  harassed,  and  bleeding  at  every  pore,  yet  full  of  courage,  pursued  its 
terrible  race  for  life,  knowing  that  for  it  the  toils  were  set,  and  the  ' '  royal  stag 
of  ten  ' '  was  to  die  at  bay. 

What  leader  of  cavalry  ever  led  his  thundering  squadrons  in  as  grand  a  cause 
as  that  mighty  horseman  Phil  Sheridan,  the  little  game-cock  of  the  conflict,  whose 
name  will  be  linked  with  those  of  Sherman,  and  of  Grant,  and  Thomas,  and  Farragut 
as  the  unmatched  quintette  of  Freedom  ?  [Cheers.] 

To  give  new  power  to  the  diadem,  the  tiara,  and  the  sword  the  Persian  hordes 
gave  battle  to  Miltiades  at  Marathon. 

To  make  supreme  the  Punic  power  of  all  the  world,  for  purposes  of  plunder,  the 
banks  of  the  Metaurus  were  crimsoned  with  the  best  blood  of  Carthage  and  of  Rome. 

For  love  of  power,  and  lust  of  conquest,  Caesar  invaded  Gaul.  For  lucre  and  for 
fame,  the  Romans  launched  themselves  on  what  is  now  great  Germany;  and  only  after 
rivers  of  blood  were  shed  their  triumphant  chariot  wheels  were  stayed  by  Arminius  in 
the  great  Hercynian  forest. 

Again,  for  conquest  solely,  the  Germans  became  the  assailants,  and  carved  with 
their  conquering  swords  the  provinces  of  imperial  Rome  into  the  kingdoms  of  modern 
Europe. 

On  the  plains  of  Chalons,  Attila  the  Hun  attempted  to  found  a  new  anti-Chris 
tian  dynasty,  and  80,000  slain  were  the  results  of  his  ferocity. 


40  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

At  Tours,  for  the  mere  lust  of  shedding  blood,  the  warriors  of  the  crescent  sought 
to  crush  the  Christian  of  the  cross,  and  only  after  the  field  was  covered  with  corpses 
did  Charles  Martel  arrest  the  arm  of  Islam. 

Stimulated  by  cruelty,  the  Tartar  Tamerlane  builded  at  Damascus  his  pyramid  of 
70,000  skulls  of  those  slaughtered  by  his  command. 

The  battle  of  Hastings  saw  England's  bravest  laid  at  the  Norman  victor's  feet, 
who  had  violently  intruded  one  people  into  the  bosom  of  another. 

At  Blenheim  the  fourteenth  Ivouis  of  France,  from  purest  love  of  conquest, 
menaced  the  liberties  of  Europe.  It  was  then  his  once  proud  visions  of  victory  were 
dissipated. 

After  the  success  of  the  Muscovites  at  Pultowa  over  the  invading  Swedes  nearly 
two  centuries  ago,  the  champions  of  monarchy  against  democracy  dreamed  new 
dreams  of  conquest  which  have  been  grandly  realized. 

Animated  by  iniquity  and  folly,  England  essayed  at  Saratoga  to  strike  down 
liberty  and  rivet  fetters  of  subjection  on  the  colonists. 

From  the  cannonade  at  Valmy  may  be  dated  the  beginning  of  that  career  of  vic 
tory  and  blood  and  defeat  which  carried  the  eagles  of  France  to  Vienna  and  the 
Kremlin — to  Egypt,  and  back  again,  to  where  the  modern  king  of  slaughter  was 
made  to  fold  their  wings  at  Waterloo. 

In  all  these  great  battles,  my  comrades,  the  fair  fields  of  the  earth  were  planted 
with  seeds  of  war  by  men  who  wantonly  marshaled  their  legions  for  love  of  con 
quest  and  lust  of  power. 

But  it  is  left  for  the  American  citizen-soldier  to  proclaim,  and  for  a  watching 
world  to  bear  witness,  that  the  grandest  armies  that  ever  rallied  around  a  standard, 
and  of  which  your  army,  soldiers  of  the  Potomac,  was  the  chief,  marched  out  under 
an  American  sky,  upon  American  soil,  not  for  lucre  or  for  lust  of  power,  but  for 
liberty,  not  to  subjugate  Americans,  but  to  unfetter  Americans,  not  for  fame,  but  for 
freedom,  not  for  conquest,  but  for  Union.  Unlike  the  great  battles  of  the  old  world, 
ours  led  to  no  complications  with  other  powers,  no  successions  of  victories  or  defeats. 

The  great  object  gained,  on  that  April  Sabbath,  in  a  few  short  hours  the  wing  of 
silence  brooded  over  Appomattox,  and  only  the  spirits  of  the  slain  who  watched  from 
the  upper  air,  and  who  guard  forever  that  fateful  field,  could  have  told  the  thrilling 
tale.  Sword,  cannon,  and  bayonet  were  hidden  away,  and  every  priceless  flag  was 
furled.  And  the  sublimest  spectacle  ever  given  to  the  gaze  of  man  was  on  that  day 
and  that  hour,  when  those  scarred  and  tired  battalions  on  both  sides  marched  gladly 
back  into  the  general  nation,  there  to  resume  their  labors  in  the  paths  of  peace. 

As  some  one  has  well  said,  the  conflict  of  the  Potomac  army  with  the  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia  summons  to  memory  the  Homeric  simile,  where  the  struggle  of 
Hector  and  Patroclus  is  compared  to  the  combat  between  two  lions,  who  from  ani 
mosity  and  hunger  fight  together  on  the  mountain  tops.  And  the  reluctant  yielding 
of  the  Virginian  army  to  the  superior  might  of  the  Potomac's  warriors  may  not 
inaptly  recall  those  other  lines  in  the  same  book  of  the  "Iliad,"  where  the  downfall 
of  Patroclus  beneath  Hector  is  likened  to  the  forced  yielding  of  the  panting  and 
exhausted  wild  boar,  furious  and  defiant  even  unto  the  end.  [Applause.] 

And  now,  my  comrades,  let  us  remember  another  thing  to  the  grander  credit  of 
the  Potomac  army.  L,et  the  nation  know  that  its  soldiers  fought  it  out  on  its  chosen 
lines,  without  the  aid  of  another  army,  single  handed  and  alone.  "Victims  of  swamp 
and  typhus  fevers ;  baffled  time  and  again  by  flood ;  battling  at  every  disadvantage 
with  the  flower  of  the  enemy ;  long  denied  a  victory ;  matured  plans  jeopardized ; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  41 

fighting  all  day,  marching  all  night;  advancing  until  they  saw  the  spires  of  Rich 
mond,  then  back  again  within  sight  of  the  white  dome  of  the  nation's  capitol ;  never 
elated  by  success  nor  depressed  by  defeat ;  disaster  following  disaster,  they  were 
buoyant  to  the  close,  until  at  Appomattox  that  grand  army  of  the  republic  wore  its 
crown,  just  before  that  other  grand  army  of  the  republic  under  the  great  flanker, 
General  Wm.  T.  Sherman,  after  its  wonderful  march,  was  ready  to  appear  upon  the 
scene  and  divide  its  honors. ' ' 

In  the  second  volume  of  his  "Memoirs"  General  Grant  says:  "Mr.  Lincoln 
knew  that  it  had  been  arranged  for  Sherman  to  join  me  at  a  fixed  time  to  co-operate 
in  the  destruction  of  Lee's  army.  I  told  him  that  I  had  been  anxious  to  have  the 
eastern  armies  vanquish  their  old  enemy,  who  had  so  long  resisted,  and  that  if  the 
western  armies  should  be  even  upon  the  field,  operating  against  Richmond  and  Lee, 
the  credit  would  be  given  to  them  for  the  capture.  Mr.  Lincoln  said  he  saw  that 
now,  but  had  never  thought  of  it  before,  because  his  anxiety  was  so  great  that  he  did 
not  care  where  the  aid  came  from  so  the  work  was  done. " 

So  be  jubilant,  oh,  soldiers,  that  the  plan  for  the  Western  armies'  co-operation 
was  never  executed,  and  without  the  aid  of  our  beloved  Sherman's  genius  you  singly 
' '  brought  the  royal  stag  to  bay. ' '  [Cheers.] 

And  now  we  are  one  people.  In  such  a  territory  as  ours  we  want  nothing  petty, 
mean  or  small.  Public  virtue  being  of  a  nature  magnificent,  and  born  for  great 
things,  needs  abundant  room. 

Voltaire  says,  "A  republic  is  not  founded  on  the  virtue,  but  on  the  ambition  of 
its  citizens."  It  looks  very  much  sometimes  as  if  the  great  philosopher  was  right. 
Let  us  strive  to  give  the  lie  to  the  illustrious  cynic,  and,  from  every  element  in  our 
midst,  conquer  respect  and  worship  for  that  public  honor,  and  social  and  political 
virtue,  without  which  no  people  can  be  truly  happy  or  wholly  great. 

Was  the  Union  worth  saving,  I  may  ask  you,  soldiers  of  the  civil  war?  Was 
the  Union  worth  saving,  I  may  ask  you,  spirits  of  our  patriot  dead?  Liberty,  unity, 
power,  majesty,  science  conquering  new  secrets,  industry  contented,  all  these  are  ours 
to-day.  And  the  undivided  homage  of  an  envious  world.  Ye  died.  But  behold 
your  work,  oh,  dead !  At  once  a  fortress  and  a  temple.  Armed  hosts  may  come,  but 
we  dread  them  not.  Waves  of  trouble  may  threaten,  no  matter  whence,  or  from 
what  element  they  come,  we  fear  them  not.  They  will  roll  back,  beaten.  Rebellion 
may  raise  its  head.  As  long  as  the  soldiers  of  the  grand  army  or  their  sons  survive 
it  will  be  crushed.  On  the  watch-towers  of  the  hills  behold  our  fathers'  God.  Is  he 
not  ours?  He  knows  not  slumber.  Of  what,  then,  are  we  in  terror?  Of  naught 
but  want  of  patriotism,  and  corrupting  influence  within.  With  loss  of  patriotism  is 
linked  a  loss  of  public  spirit  and  public  virtue.  The  basis  of  all  instruction  in  our 
schools  should  be  the  love  of  country.  This  should  be  a  sacred  fire,  burned  into  the 
breasts  of  our  children.  It  should  be  flashed  from  pulpit  and  from  rostrum.  Steal 
from  them  this  flame,  and  you  make  smooth  the  roadway  to  the  death  of  public  vir 
tue.  In  such  a  land  chaos  had  better  hold  eternal  anarchy  at  once.  Soldiers  of  the 
Potomac  army !  The  soldiers  of  the  North  and  of  the  South  should  march  together 
in  an  earnest  will  to  guard  this  spirit.  We  are  one  people  now.  We  are  Americans 
all.  Let  us  be  welded  by  one  high  purpose — the  loftier  growth  of  this  republic.  We 
are  Americans  all.  Let  us  cherish  no  bitter  thoughts.  Let  animosity  be  killed  by 
kindness.  He  who  died  on  Calvary's  cross  said,  "Do  unto  others  as  ye  would  have 
others  do  to  you. ' '  We  are  kindred  through  more  than  a  century ;  kindred  through 
blood;  kindred  through  ancestral  glory;  kindred  through  national  fame;  kindred 


42  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

through  the  flag.  I>t  us  be  kindred  through  the  sweet  spirit  of  unity  :  that  spirit 
which  guided  us  like  a  flaming  sword;  not  aggressor,  but  guardian;  not  strife- 
maker,  but  shield,  never  to  be  surrendered,  unyielding,  enduring,  eternal,  and  which 
inspires  every  soldier  of  the  grand  Potomac  army.  [Cheers.] 

The  third  day,  Wednesday,  August  4th,  was  the  meeting  of  the  national 
encampment  in  legislative  session — there  was  also  the  meeting  in  national  conven 
tion  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps  at  Irving  Hall,  commencing  at  10  A.  M.  For  the 
comrades  who  were  not  in  attendance  as  delegates  and  having  their  time  officially 
occupied,  there  was  an  excursion  to  Santa  Rosa  and  Sonoma  Valley  and  reception  by 
citizens  thereof. 

In  the  evening  there  was  a  grand  testimonial  concert  at  the  Mechanics'  Pavilion, 
tendered  to  the  Commander-in- Chief  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  the  governors  of  several  States 
and  other  distinguished  guests,  together  with  the  members  of  the  Grand  Army. 
The  national  airs  and  lyrics  were  rendered  in  magnificent  style  with  a  chorus  of  1,000 
voices  assisted  by  100  musical  instruments. 

A  GRAND  BANQUET 
OF  THE  SOCIETY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC  - 

was  held  at  Pioneers'  Hall  on  the  evening  of  August  4th,  given  by  the  local  branch  of 
the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  to  those  of  that  army  attending  the  encamp 
ment.  The  walls  of  the  banqueting-room  were  very  handsomely  decorated  with 
flags,  flowers,  and  shields;  and  the  tables  had  on  them  several  appropriate  orna 
mental  figures.  The  menu  was  an  artistic  lithograph,  bearing  on  the  cover  views  of 
the  celebrated  long  bridge  crossing  the  Potomac  at  Washington,  very  familiar  to  the 
veterans,  and  scenes  from  the  Yosemite  Valley.  The  initials  of  the  society  were  in 
monogram  on  the  back  of  the  cover.  Inside  on  the  left  was  the  menu,  on  the  right 
the  toasts  and  the  list  of  past  presidents  of  the  society.  Among  the  happy  conceits 
in  the  ornamentation  of  the  hall  was  that  of  cages  containing  canaries  suspended 
from  the  gas  branches,  and  a  beautiful  badge  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  in  flowers, 
which  hung  on  one  of  the  walls.  There  were  also  portraits  of  Lincoln,  Grant  and 
Garfield  at  one  end  of  the  room,  framed  in  flowers  and  evergreens,  and  at  the  other 
end  that  of  Washington  similarly  surrounded,  with  the  floral  device  "Welcome" 
above  the  picture. 

After  the  banquet  was  served,  General  Martin  T.  McMahon,  the  newly  elected 
president  of  the  society,  made  the  following  introductory  remarks : 

Comrades  of  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac :  It  is  proper  before  entering 
upon  the  programme  prepared  by  our  friends  of  the  society  of  the  Pacific  that  I 
should  in  your  behalf  perform  the  pleasing  duty  of  again  thanking  our  comrades 
here  and  the  citizens  of  this  magnificent  city  for  their  most  generous  welcome. 
Nothing  in  the  past  experience  of  the  society  has  at  all  equaled  it,  and  I  doubt  very 
much  if  we  shall  ever  again  receive  .so  magnificent  a  reception. 

The  flood  of  generous  hospitality  extended  to  us  since  our  arrival  is  like  a  very 
deluge,  and  we  have  been  able  to  do  nothing  but  float  upon  it  like  Noah  of  old,  and 
drift  along  helpless  and  rudderless  and  as  bewildered  in  mind  as  a  strange  cat  in  a 
dark  garret,  without  Ararat  to  land  on. 

To  me  there  is  a  peculiar  pleasure  in  acknowledging  the  kind  and  overwhelming 
attentions  which  have  been  extended  by  all  your  people  to  the  old  Army  of  the 
Potomac. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  43 

For,  twenty-five  years  ago,  when  I  ceased  to  be  a  citizen  of  California  and  a  resi 
dent  of  your  city,  it  was  to  become  a  member  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and 
although  disappointed  in  the  hope  with  which  I  left  the  Pacific  coast,  of  a  speedy 
return  and  a  permanent  residence  here,  and  compelled  to  cast  my  lines  in  other 
places,  yet  this  city  has  always  held  the  highest  and  warmest  place  in  my  affection. 
What  were  mere  sand-hills  in  those  days  are  crowned  now  with  palatial  structures, 
and  more  than  tropical  bloom  and  verdure  have  replaced  what  then  were  barren 
wastes,  and  while  the  city  has  become  grand  and  beautiful  and  picturesque,  it  is  a 
great  pleasure  to  see  what  I  recognize  on  every  hand,  that  the  people  have  not 
changed  at  all,  but  have  remained  till  to-day  what  they  were  then,  the  most  liberal, 
whole-souled,  public-spirited  and  cosmopolitan  community  that  America  can  boast  of. 

People  of  San  Francisco,  the  old  Army  of  the  Potomac,  to  whom  you  sent  in 
olden  days  not  merely  words  of  cheer  and  high  encouragement,  but  gallant  sons,  many 
of  whom  never  lived  to  revisit  the  golden  shores  and  behold  the  modern  splendor  of 
their  early  home,  thank  you  most  heartily.  We  have  come  to  you  from  the  far  east, 
over  mountain  barrier  and  desolate  waste  of  desert,  and  not  through  the  Golden  Gate, 
typical  of  the  land  of  promise. 

Be  assured  that  the  memory  of  your  greeting  here  shall  remain  a  lifelong  pleas 
ure  to  each  and  every  one  of  us  until  the  rear  guard  of  the  good  old  Army  of  the 
Potomac  shall  have  passed  the  gates  of  pearl  and  pitched  their  tents  upon  the  more 
distant  shores. 

General  McMahon  then  proposed  the  health  of  the  President  of  the  United  States. 
All  present  rose,  and  the  toast  was  drank  amid  cheers. 

Governor  Stoneman  in  reply  to  the  toast  of  "  The  State  of  California,"  said: 

Comrades :  I  shall  not  attempt  to  make  what  is  termed  a  speech,  because  I  could 
not  if  I  would  and  would  not  if  I  could. 

General  Sherman  said  last  evening  that  he  came  into  this  country  before  any 
other  man  in  the  room.  I  did  not  know  he  was  so  old,  for  if  that  is  so  he  must  be 
older  than  I.  I  came  to  California  on  Christmas-day,  1846,  with  a  body  of  men  called 
the  "  Mormon  Battalion."  It  made  the  longest  march  on  record.  It  started  in  the 
dead  of  winter  for  California  via  Council  Bluffs.  The  men  composing  it  meant  to 
settle  on  the  bay  of  San  Francisco,  but  some  one  forestalled  them  by  offering  to  hire 
them  and  bring  them  across  the  plains  as  armed  emigrants. 

The  Governor,  after  an  interesting  description  of  his  journey  across  the  plains, 
said: 

I  wonder  if  any  man  can  tell  me  who  named  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  or  how  it 
was  named.  It  was  thus  :  After  the  battle  of  Bull  Run  General  McClellan  went  east 
and  I  went  with  him.  We  found  General  Mansfield  in  command  of  the  forces  around 
Washington.  We  drove  to  see  him.  In  doing  so  we  passed  the  quarters  of  General 
Scott,  God  bless  him !  [Applause.]  We  went  to  see  him,  and  while  we  were  dis 
cussing  the  name  which  should  be  applied  to  the  army,  and  after  several  names  were 
discussed,  the  name  Potomac  was  mentioned.  The  old  hero,  raising  his  finger  as  his 
habit  was,  said,  "  Potomac,  Potomac,  appropriate  and  euphonious.  I,et  it  be  called 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac."  [Applause.] 

Mayor  Bartlett  spoke  to  the  toast,  "  The  City  of  San  Francisco, "  as  follows  : 
Gentlemen  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  :     Your  president  and  other  veterans  of 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  have  paid  many  eloquent  tributes  to  our  greatness, 
our  goodness,  our  beauty,  and  many  other  virtues  which  they  have  observed  in  us. 


44  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

They  have  told  us  how  they  remember  our  patriotism,  our  generosity,  and  our  loyalty 
during  the  war,  and  we  accept  all  they  offer  us  with  the  inward  consciousness  that 
they  cannot  overestimate  us.  In  fact,  we  begin  to  realize  now  what  our  modest}'  pre 
vented  our  seeing  before,  that  California  really  was  at  the  head  and  front  of  all  the 
great  victories  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

Did  not  General  Sherman  admit  last  evening  that  he  had  learned  in  California 
how  to  march  into  Georgia?  Allow  me  to  say  here  that  although  ordinarily  I  like  to 
be  at  home  when  visitors  call,  I  did  not  regret  being  absent  from  my  native  State  dur 
ing  that  memorable  visit.  Who  can  tell  how  much  the  other  great  generals  learned 
from  their  visits  to  California  ? 

One  thing  is  certain,  that  San  Francisco  will  hereafter  reckon  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  as  a  part  of  the  Grand  Army  of  California. 

It  is  with  great  diffidence  and  timidity  that  we  speak  of  our  glorious  climate,  our 
fertile  soil  and  our  luxurious  fruits,  but,  gentlemen,  I  assure  you  that  San  Francisco 
has  deeply  concealed  in  her  heart  of  hearts  an  enormous  pride  in  the  great  American 
eagle,  whose  broad  wings  stretch  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific,  and  one  of  whose 
brilliant  eyes  flames  towards  the  frozen  north,  while  the  other  squints  dreamingly 
southward  to  her  sister  republic. 

San  Francisco  honors  the  brave  and  the  patriotic.  Our  daily  journals  have  fur 
nished  you  abundant  proof  of  the  interest  taken  in  your  coming  and  reception  here. 
The  patient,  enthusiastic  multitudes  that  gathered  in  our  streets  yesterday  from  every 
part  of  our  State  are  abundant  witnesses  to  the  intelligent  appreciation  with  which 
our  people  regard  your  presence  here,  and  I  cannot  avoid  taking  in  the  whole  State 
when  I  speak  for  San  Francisco  on  this  occasion. 

Gentlemen,  California  is  all  you  say  of  her — a  great,  beautiful,  bountiful,  gener 
ous  and  hospitable  State — but  San  Francisco  is  especially  modest  when  speaking  of 
herself.  [Applause.] 

General  E.  D.  Keyes  being  called  upon,  as  one  of  the  generals  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  for  a  speech,  said  that  it  would  be  impossible  for  him,  as  it  was  indeed 
unnecessary,  to  speak  at  length  on  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  It  was  named  as 
described  by  General  Stoneman,  but  was  organized  by  General  McClellan.  There  was 
no  one  better  man  to  organize,  but  one  great  difficulty  was  that  the  volunteers  were 
very  unfitted  to  rush  into  the  field  and  carry  everything  before  them,  as  the  public 
expected  them  to  do.  The  general  then  went  somewhat  minutely  into  the  history  of 
the  operations  of  the  army,  in  the  course  of  which  he  was  repeatedly  and  loudly 
applauded. 

The  band  here  struck  up  "Marching  Through  Georgia,"  which  was  enthusias 
tically  joined  in  by  the  whole  company. 

In  response  to  the  toast  of  the  Pacific  branch  of  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  General  E.  S.  Salomon  said  in  effect  that  he  had  been  so  busy  in  preparing 
for  the  reception  of  the  guests  that  he  had  no  time  to  prepare  a  speech,  but  he 
acknowledged  the  toast  and  realized  in  it  an  appreciation  of  the  work  done  to  give 
them  an  appropriate  welcome.  In  their  admission  that  we  have  been  successful  in 
our  efforts  we  find  our  reward.  The  organization  of  the  Pacific  branch  of  the  society 
was  due  to  Colonel  Smedberg,  and  now  over  300  members  are  found  in  this  city.  He 
hoped  the  branch  would  soon  join  the  parent  society.  He  would  say  that  while  the 
committee  of  arrangements  were  entitled  to  all  credit,  he  could  not  say  enough  for 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  45 

the  zeal  and  devotion  of  General  Backus,  who  was  too  modest  to  put  himself  forward 
to  seek  for  thanks,  but  is  satisfied  with  the  success  of  his  efforts.  In  conclusion  he 
proposed  that  General  Sherman  should  be  elected  an  active  member  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac.  Carried  by  acclamation. 

General  James  A.  Beaver,  of  Pennsylvania,  replied  to  the  toast  of  "  Women  in 
War,"  saying  : 

Any  man  who  could  fail  to  respond  to  this  toast  would  be  unworthy  of  the 
name  of  man.  We  have  most  of  us  crossed  the  continent  to  this  slope.  As  I  came 
up  the  Sierra  Nevadas  by  the  river  Truckee,  and  as  we  came  higher  and  saw  Lake 
Donner,  and  finally  reached  the  summit,  I  could  hardly  refrain  from  saying,  ' '  Great 
God,  what  a  country  !  "  and  I  shared  in  the  glory  of  having  helped  to  save  it.  This 
is  the  thought  that  must  have  occurred  to  all.  But  has  it  occurred  to  you  that  the 
power  behind  it  all  was  your  mothers  and  your  wives,  and  your  sweethearts,  and  your 
sisters  ?  I  have  seen  men  lie  down  and  die  just  because  their  wives  could  not  write  a 
cheerful  letter  to  them.  I  have  seen  boys  brave  because  their  mothers  could  write  and 
say,  ' '  My  boy,  God  bless  you  ! ' '  He  concluded  by  joining  in  the  thanks  offered  to 
the  branch  society  for  the  magnificent  welcome  which  had  been  rendered,  and 
the  memory  of  the  deeds,  rather  than  mere  words  of  kindness  shown  to  the  visiting 
comrades,  would  be  carried  with  them  to  their  graves. 

General  Barnes  responded  to  "Bench  and  Bar,"  after  which  Colonel  G.  B. 
Dwyer  made  some  remarks  of  a  similar  nature,  bringing  out  in  a  jesting  way  the 
facts  that  he  came  from  Pike  County,  Mo.,  and  that  he  found  that  several  Pike 
County  men  were  in  the  penitentiary  and  he  had  made  up  his  mind  that  he  would  get 
Governor  Stoneman  to  pardon  them  out  before  he  went  back,  for  he  stood  up  for  Cali 
fornia  when  he  was  in  Pike  County ;  he  proposed  to  stand  by  Pike  when  in 
California.  The  rest  of  his  speech  was  devoted  to  various  subjects,  anecdotal  and 
otherwise  more  or  less  relevant  to  the  subject  of  the  toast.  He  said,  in  conclusion, 
for  St.  Louis,  that  it  stands  guard  at  the  tomb  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  it  was  the  home 
of  Grant,  and  is  now  the  home  of  Sherman,  and  in  saying  the  last  he  claimed  that 
St.  Louis  was  the  home  of  the  greatest  soldier  on  the  top  of  God's  green  earth  to-day. 
[Applause.] 

Colonel  Smedberg  was  called  upon  to  reply  for  the  department  of  California, 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  did  so  in  choice  and  appropriate  terms. 

F.  M.  Pixley,  of  the  Argonaut,  in  response  for  the  press,  said  : 
Every  one  who  knows  me  knows  how  deeply  I  love  the  press.  So  closely  have  I 
followed  its  course  that  I  gave  myself  to  be  a  common  editor  to  reform  it.  The  press 
is  about  as  good,  as  a  rule,  as  the  people  for  whom  it  is  published.  When  the  grand 
old  flag  was  fired  upon  and  you  enlisted  in  its  defense,  the  press,  to  its  credit,  and  I 
may  say  its  only  credit,  supported  you.  I  wish  it  had  no  till  into  which  advertise 
ments  could  throw  the  conscience  of  its  publishers  ;  for  a  free  press  is  the  backbone 
of  a  free  republic.  I  feel  the  modesty  of  my  position  to-night.  When  you  defended 
the  life  of  the  republic,  I  did  not.  Yet  I  was  as  a  civilian  with  Grant  in  the  bloody 
week  before  Petersburg.  I  saw  the  regiments,  a  little  earthquake,  march  along  the 
fence.  I  saw,  in  short,  the  pomp  and  circumstance  of  war  from  a  distance,  and  I 
saw  many  of  the  touching  and  pathetic  episodes  of  the  war  at  Cold  Harbor.  I  then 


46 

registered  a  vow  that  if  there  be  honors  to  give  or  paying  positions  to  bestow  I  will 
stand  back  when  a  fighting  soldier  seeks  it.  I  fought  under  Hancock.  The  enemy 
opened  a  battery  on  us  as  we  were  riding  along,  and  I  thought  it  a  mean  thing.  The 
arm  of  the  man  riding  beside  me  was  shot  off,  and  I,  with  the  reckless  courage  of  a 
fool,  turned  and  rode  to  the  rear.  When  I  met  him  afterward  I  upbraided  him  with 
his  mean  behavior.  He  said  he  was  very  sorry,  for  he  did  not  know  I  was  there. 
Mr.  Pixley  asked  in  conclusion  whether  the  press  did  not  urge  the  Army  of  the  Poto 
mac  to  go  on  to  Richmond.  Did  it  not  urge  you  to  do  and  die,  and  did  not  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  do  so  ?  In  the  political  field  does  not  the  press  urge  that  the  bloody 
chasm  be  closed,  and  the  citizens  of  the  South  be  restored  again  to  the  all-embracing 
and  all-forgiving  arms  of  the  Union  ?  He  said,  in  closing,  a  good  and  excusing  word 
for  the  South,  saying  that  if  he  had  been  reared  in  the  South  he  would  also  have 
probably  "fit"  for  slavery. 

The  toast  of  "  The  Army  of  the  United  States  "  was  then  proposed  by  General 
McMahon,  and  General  Sherman  responded  as  follows,  having  been  received  with 
repeated  cheers. 

Comrades  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac:  When  I  was  assigned  a  toast  somewhat 
unfamiliar  to  me  I  was  told  that  I  might  assume  any  subject  I  pleased.  I  will  now 
suppose  that  the  tattoo  has  sounded  and  that  the  regular  army  has  gone  to  bed,  and 
turn  to  the  army  which  was  called  for  by  the  people  in  its  majesty  and  which  poured 
forth  from  their  homes  in  troops  and  brigades. 

Of  these  the  first  to  take  a  name  was  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  There  was 
besides  that  of  the  Ohio  and  others.  But  I  am  delighted  to  be  with  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  to-night.  How  short  the  way  seemed  between  Washington  and  Richmond, 
but  you,  my  comrades,  thought  it  a  hard  and  a  long  one.  But  now,  looking  back, 
how  slight  do  the  troubles  appear  which  annoyed  you  then.  I  began  with  you  in 
July,  1861,  on  my  way  to  Richmond.  Before  I  got  there  I  had  to  go  away  around  by 
the  back  door.  [A  voice,  "  You  got  there  all  the  same.  "]  We  were  all  one,  though 
with  different  insignia,  and  our  grand  flag  was  the  same  over  us  all. 

Because  of  the  first  battle  of  Shiloh  we  got  the  whip  hand  of  them,  and  we  kept 
it.  We  were  all  marching  for  the  same  destination  and  we  all  got  there  at  last.  Your 
object,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  was  the  tenacity  of  the  bull-dog.  I  respected  all  our 
commanders,  each  in  his  own  sphere,  but  when  you  were  organized  by  McClellan  and 
trained  by  battle  you  called  for  a  little  man  named  Grant.  [Applause.]  He  was 
called  to  Washington  for  the  first  time  by  President  Lincoln,  and  when  they  met, 
Lincoln  felt  that  he  had  found  a  man  he  could  trust.  These  two  and  Stanton  sat 
down  and  had  a  talk.  Grant  objected  at  first  to  take  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Lin 
coln  replied  that  he  thought  Grant's  success  at  Vicksburg  and  Chattanooga  would 
heal  the  jealousies  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  "I  will,  of  course,  come,  "said 
Grant,  ' '  but  I  hear  you  have  a  practice  here  of  sending  orders  from  the  rear.  With 
us  in  the  West  the  head  of  our  army  is  usually  in  front . ' ' 

Lincoln  turned  to  Stanton  and  said:  "You  and  I  have  been  running  this 
machine  for  three  years  and  we  have  not  made  a  success  of  it.  Let  us  give  up 
trying." 

They  kept  their  word,  and  even  when  Early  might  have  entered  Washington  if 
he  had  known,  Lincoln  refrained  from  giving  any  order,  and  the  city  was  saved  by 
the  Sixth  Corps  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  47 

The  general  then  went  into  reminiscences  and  moralizing  on  the  divisions  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  continued  : 

Grant  said  to  me,  "Sherman,  you  go  for  Joe  Johnston,  and  I  wilt  take  care  of 
Lee  ;  ' '  and  there  was  a  straight  fight  from  that  time  till  we  reached  and  held  Atlanta. 
When  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  got  stuck  in  Petersburg,  we  resolved  to  go  and  help 
them,  and  my  boys  said,  ' '  All  right,  Uncle  Billy, ' '  and  if  any  one  asked  them  when 
they  were  on  the  way,  the  answer  was,  Uncle  Bill  knows."  General  Sherman  con 
cluded  by  saying  that  the  pre-eminence  of  our  country  was  due  to  the  efforts  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  which  did  its  share  in  securing  the  freedom  of  our  country. 
"  Not  only, "he  said,  "are  the  faces  of  the  men  and  women  and  children  smiling  a 
greeting,  but  the  very  flowers  bloom  in  honor  of  your  presence  in  this  city  because 
you  made  it  possible  for  us  all  to  be  proud  of  being  American  citizens."  [Applause.] 

Governor  Alger,  of  Michigan,  gave  some  personal  reminiscences  of  General 
Grant,  after  which  a  toast  to  the  memory  of  General  U.  S.  Grant  was  drank  in  silence, 
all  standing. 

Governor  Lucius  Fairchild,  of  Wisconsin,  in  the  absence  of  Captain  F.  V. 
McNair,  commandant  at  Mare  Island,  responded  to  the  toast  of  the  navy.  He  said  : 

We  can  never  forget  the  gallant  services  the  navy  rendered  in  the  war.  But 
what  of  the  future?  I  have  seen  the  so-called  navy  of  the  United  States — little  tubs 
not  fit  for  ferry-boats  on  this  bay.  It  is  said  that  the  western  members  of  Congress 
refused  to  vote  for  an  appropriation,  but  it  is  well  in  time  of  peace  to  prepare  for  war. 
We  have  now  the  fishery  trouble  with  Great  Britain,  and  suppose  she  refuses  to 
accede  to  our  demands,  what  are  you  going  to  do  about  it  on  the  sea  ?  I  want  Con 
gress  to  give  us  a  navy  that  can  defy  the  world,  so  that  no  nation  shall  dare  to  beard 
us  on  the  water.  [Applause.]  For  the  first  time  in  sixteen  years  I  meet  my  friends 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  I  followed  the  fortunes  of  that  army  for  many  weary 
months,  until  I  was  sent  home  by  a  rebel  bullet.  It  does  me  good  to  meet  them  once 
again  on  the  beloved  soil  of  California.  We  are  bound  together  as  closely  by  our 
misfortunes  as  by  our  successes. 

Admiral  FAarragut's  memory  was  then  drank  in  solemn  silence.  "John  Brown's 
Body  "  was  struck  up  by  the  band,  all  the  company  joining  in  as  before. 

' '  The  volunteers  and  kindred  societies, ' '  were  toasted,  and  General  Horace  C.  King 
thus  replied  : 

The  request  of  the  committee  to  respond  to  the  toast  of  the  volunteers  and  sister 
societies  is  received  with  diffidence.  My  natural  impulse  is  to  imitate  the  esthetic 
young  student  at  Harvard,  who,  on  the  death  of  a  comrade,  placed  at  the  foot  of  his 
coffin  a  wreath  of  evelastings,  into  which  were  woven  the  initials,  S.  Y.  L. — "  See 
you  later."  But  the  cordiality  which  accompanies  the  invitation  left  me  little  oppor 
tunity  to  decline  with  grace,  and,  although  I  am  a  stranger  to  many  of  you,  though 
not  a  stranger  to  all,  I  am,  nevertheless,  in  much  the  same  happy  frame  of  mind  as 
Mark  Twain,  who,  when  asked  whether  he  would  rather  go  to  heaven  or  to — that 
other  place  now  superseded  by  the  revised  version — replied  that  he  was  not  particular, 
as  he  had  friends  in  both  places. 

Whether  you  have  gained  much  by  getting  me  from  so  far  I  must  leave  to  your 
generous  verdict,  for  I  am  rather  inclined  to  think  that  you  may  be  somewhat  in 


48  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  position  of  the  very  small  boy,  who,  after  struggling  up  the  slender  tree,  found 
the  persimmons  green,  and,  when  taunted  with  an  abortive  attempt  at  whistling, 
solemnly  replied  :  "Whistling,  I  spec'  I'm  pizened  !  " 

A  quarter  of  a  century  has  worked  some  changes  here,  as  the  most  casual 
observer  may  readily  see.  Yet  here  are  the  faces  of  the  old  volunteers,  not  perhaps 
the  familiar  faces  that  I  have  been  accustomed  to  see  in  our  gatherings  in  the  East, 
but  they  recall  the  same  memories  and  inspire  the  same  emotions.  The  passage  of 
years  has  bowed  the  forms  and  grizzled  the  beards  of  many  of  you,  but  to-night  as 
you  hear  recounted  your  brilliant  deeds,  the  eye  grows  bright,  the  shoulders  are 
erect,  and  you  are  again,  as  in  the  days  of  from  1861  to  1865,  "every  inch  a  soldier." 

How  our  thoughts  leap  back  over  space,  and  it  seems  but  yesterday  that  we  were 
in  the  midst  of  the  excitements  of  grim  war.  Here  at  our  side  is  the  fond  mother, 
wife,  or  sweetheart  with  beseeching  eyes,  the  promptings  of  natural  affection  strug 
gling  with  a  sense  of  patriotic  duty.  We  hear  the  roll  of  the  drum  as  the  column 
approaches  ;  the  last  good-bys  are  spoken,  and,  with  a  smile  bravely  struggling 
through  our  tears,  we  fall  in  and  feel  the  electric  thrill  of  elbow  to  elbow  as  we 
realize  that  at  last  the  serious  business  of  soldiering  has  begun. 

It  is  a  great  privilege  to  have  lived  in  the  past  half  century.  The  growth  of  this 
nation  is  one  of  the  marvels  of  the  world,  and  no  grander  or  more  unexpected 
episode  is  known  to  history  than  the  emancipation  of  this  nation  from  the  prolific 
sources  of  political  differences— slavery — which  sooner  or  later  was  destined  to  shake 
the  country  to  its  very  center.  For  my  part,  I  rejoice,  and  I  know  that  you  too 
rejoice,  that  this  work  was  not  left  to  our  posterity,  but  that  you  and  I  were  selected, 
in  the  providence  of  God,  together  with  the  millions  who  sprang  with  us  to  arms  at 
their  country's  call,  to  carry  out  this  work,  and  in  his  appointed  time. 

The  volunteers  and  our  sister  societies  is  assuredly  an  inspiring  theme  and 
must  always  find  favor  with  every  loyal  son.  I  might  say  with  the  poet — 

There  they  stand, 

The  grace  and  glory  of  our  native  land— 

Which  has  somewhat  the  flavor  of  the  famous  oratorical  pyrotechnic  regarding  the  bay 
and  beans  State — "Massachusetts  needs  no  encomium;  there  she  is,  behold  her. 
Exhibition  open  every  day.  Children  accompanied  by  their  parents  or  guardians, 
half  price."  But  there  they  do  stand,  and  as  relics  of  the  late  war  they  compare 
most  favorably  in  honor,  loyalty,  integrity,  and  exalted  citizenship  with  any  organi 
zation,  the  outgrowth  of  the  grand  and  never-to-be-forgotten  War  of  the  Rebellion. 
A  critical  Englishman,  in  conversation  with  an  enthusiastic  and  plain-spoken  Amer 
ican,  expressed  some  surprise  that  there  was  no  aristocracy  in  this  country.  "What 
is  that?"  asked  the  American.  "Oh,"  said  he,  "I  mean  those  who  do  not  work  for 
a  living,  and  whose  fathers  did  not  work,  or  their  grandfathers  before  them. "  "Oh, 
yes,  we  have,  "  interrupted  the  American,  "but  we  call  them  tramps  here.  "  Yet  we 
have  an  aristocracy  which  has  won  the  respect  of  the  whole  world — the  aristocracy  of 
loyalty  and  bravery,  of  devotion  to  the  land  of  our  birth  or  adoption,  to  save  which 
from  disruption  we  presented  our  breasts  to  an  equally  brave  and  determined  foe,  and 
resolved  to  conquer  or  lay  down  our  lives  in  its  defense.  We  wear  no  inherited  insignia 
of  knighthood,  but  the  simple  emblems  of  our  own  device,  which  will  be  dearer  to  our 
posterity  than  any  which  foreign  potentates  could  bestow.  In  this  aristocracy  we 
count  the  gallant  sons  of  this  and  our  sister  societies,  and  as  the  descendants  of  the 
heroes  of  the  Revolution  wear  with  pride  the  honored  badge  of  the  "  Cincinnati,"  so 
shall  our  children  and  our  children's  children  wear  the  cross  of  the  Army  of  the 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  49 

Potomac,  and  say  with  honest  pride,  ' '  This  was  worn  by  my  ancestors,  who  faltered 
not  in  the  great  struggle  for  our  second  independence,  and  secured  for  all  posterity, 
not  only  libertj^,  but  freedom  for  every  human  being — black  as  well  as  white — 
throughout  the  land." 

And  what  memories  are  revived  by  the  sight  of  it,  and  where  on  earth  is  there 
better  fellowship  than  among  those  who  fought  shoulder  to  shoulder,  who  shared 
their  last  hard-tack  and  coffee  on  many  a  severe  march,  or  huddled  together  on  the 
eve  of  battle  before  a  glowing  camp-fire,  talked  of  the  morrow  and  of  loved  ones  at 
home,  of  the  possibilities  of  defeat  or  victory,  of  life  or  death,  but  never  with 
despondency  or  gloom,  eager  to  live,  but  willing  to  die  if  only  the  nation  might  live? 

How  every  breast  thrills  at  the  mention  of  Antietam  and  Shiloh,  of  Chickamauga 
and  Gettysburg,  of  Vicksburg  and  Winchester,  of  Chattanooga  and  Cedar  Creek,  of 
Nashville  and  the  Wilderness,  and  of  a  hundred  other  famous  fields  where 

Shriek  of  shot  and  scream  of  shell 
And  bellowing  of  the  mortar 

were  mingled  with  the  groans  of  the  dying  and  the  paeans  of  victory, 

And  Irish  Nora's  eyes  were  dim 

For  a  soldier  dumb  and  gory, 
And  English  Mary  weeps  for  him 

Who  sang  of  Annie  Laurie. 

How,  when  resting  after  the  bloody  work  of  the  day,  were  we  wont  to  gather  in 
groups  and  sing  the  old  folk  songs  that  carried  us  in  spirit  back  to  the  home  fireside. 
The  bronzed  veteran  never  forgot  the  last  good-bys. 

Dear  girl,  her  name  he  dared  not  speak  ; 

But  as  the  song  grew  louder, 
Something  upon  the  soldier's  cheek 

Washed  out  the  stains  of  powder. 

It  is  natural  that  my  thoughts  should  recur  more  particularly  to  the  grand 
achievements  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  with  which  my  fortunes  were  cast.  The 
Western  army  had  Grant,  and  Sherman,  and  Thomas,  and  McPherson,  and  Buell,  and 
Steedman,  and  Rosecrans,  and  a  galaxy  of  other  brilliant  names,  and  the  Eastern 
army  had  Grant,  too,  and  McClellan,  and  Burnside,  and  Meade,  and  Sheridan,  and 
Hooker,  and  Hancock,  and  Slocum,  and  Stoneman,  and  many  other  heroes — all 

Immortal  names, 

That  were  not  born  to  die. 

But  who  can  speak  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  without  an  eulogy  of  its  first  com 
mander,  George  B.  McClellan  ?  Out  of  the  gloom  came  the  cheering  news  of  his  suc 
cesses  in  West  Virginia,  and  the  country  turned  to  the  young  commander  as  the  leader 
to  bring  order  out  of  chaos  and  restore  confidence  to  the  depressed  and  disheartened. 
With  a  rare  skill  for  organization,  he  took  the  army  in  hand,  and  out  of  confusion 
brought  order  and  discipline,  and  with  masterly  ability  created  the  machine  which 
was  not  materially  changed  in  its  parts  throughout  the  war — that  superb  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  which  bore  defeat  as  no  army  before  ever  did,  and  never  faltered  in  the 
darkest  hour  in  its  determination  to  stand  by  the  flag  until  it  should  float  unmolested 
over  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  whole  land.  Who  speaks  a  panegyric  of  that 
army  must  needs  praise  the  man  who  created  it,  no  matter  what  his  views  may  be  as 
to  the  soldierly  dash  of  the  creator.  He  showed  his  superior  fitness  at  least  for  that 
work ;  and  that  he  won  the  respect,  admiration — nay,  love — of  nearly  every  man  whom 
he  commanded,  you  who  served  with  him  can  attest. 

D 


50 

Yorktown,  Williamsburg,  Hanover  Court-house,  Seven  Pines,  Fair  Oaks,  Savage 
Station,  Games' Mills,  Malvern  Hill,  South  Mountain  and  Antietam,  and  other  immor 
tal  names  are  inscribed  on  his  banners,  and  the  soldiers  who  knew  him  and  were  com 
manded  by  him  love  to  remember  with  pride  and  gratitude  "  Little  Mac." 

The  roll-call  of  brilliant  men  of  that  army  stirs  the  blood  and  kindles  afresh  the 
fires  of  memory. 

The  mantle  of  McClellan  fell  upon  one  of  the  purest  and  most  conscientious  men 
I  have  ever  known.  Shrinking  from  so  great  a  responsibility,  he  would  gladly  have 
refused  the  command,  but  yielding  to  the  orders  of  his  chief,  General  Ambrose  E. 
Burnside  accepted  the  grave  charge,  and  that  he  should  have  rejected  the  assign 
ment,  no  one  realized  more  fully  than  himself.  Yielding  to  the  clamors  of  the  press 
and  the  pressure  of  the  authorities  at  Washington,  he  fought  one  battle,  and  that  the 
most  ill-planned  and  suicidal  of  all  the  aggressive  engagements  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac.  The  slaughter  was  terrific,  and  the  defeated  army  recrossed  the  Rappahan- 
nock,  having  lost  heavily  in  numbers  and  gained  nothing  for  the  country.  The 
withdrawal  of  Burnside  from  the  command  was  as  tender  as  it  was  patriotic. 

Among  the  corps  commanders  there  was  one  who,  by  undaunted  courage  and 
dash,  had  earned  a  sobriquet,  which,  like  that  of  dashing  Harry  Lee  of  the  Revo 
lution,  will  always  be  inseparable  from  his  name.  "Fighting  Joe "  Hooker  took  com 
mand  and  laid  out  one  of  the  best  planned  engagements  of  the  war.  If  the  battle  of 
Chancellorsville  had  been  as  successful  in  the  execution  as  in  the  inception,  Lee's 
army  would  have  been  captured  and  Richmond  would  have  fallen. 

But  the  time  was  not  yet.  Had  the  war  ended  then,  the  work  would  have  been 
incomplete.  Peace  then  would  have  been  but  a  temporary  truce.  The  cause  of  the 
trouble  still  remained.  There  was  a  festering  sore,  and  the  radical  cure,  cauteriza 
tion  or  cutting,  had  not  yet  been  applied.  So  long  as  slavery  remained  any  com 
promise  would  have  been  but  for  the  time.  An  overruling  Providence  held  the  destiny 
of  the  nation  in  its  hands  and  delayed  victory  tintil  its  results  should  be  lasting. 

Then  followed  Lee's  second  bold  incursion  into  Maryland.  It  was  a  desperate 
measure,  but  the  desperate  condition  of  the  Confederacy  demanded  it.  The  salvation 
of  the  South  required  the  transfer  of  the  scene  of  conflict  to  Northern  soil.  Success 
there  might  secure  peace.  Defeat  meant  destruction  to  all  hope. 

To  George  G.  Meade,  the  gallant  son  of  Pennsylvania,  was  intrusted  the  com 
mand  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Brave,  cautious,  and  devoted,  he  made  his  dispo 
sitions  to  repel  the  advance  of  that  army,  which,  flushed  with  success,  pressed  on  to 
York  and  Harrisburg  and  threatened  the  safety  of  the  national  capital  itself. 

Out  of  the  galaxy  of  heroes  shone  prominent  Winfield  Scott  Hancock,  surnamed 
' '  The  Superb  ;  "  a  soldier  and  a  gentleman  whose  name  is  inseparably  connected  with 
Gettysburg. 

Probably  no  grander  sight  was  ever  seen  in  the  war  than  when  the  Confederate 
line,  as  if  on  parade,  moved  forward  to  the  attack  of  Hancock's  corps.  On  they 
came,  while  the  thundering  cannon  made  great  gaps  in  their  ranks.  Closing  up  with 
the  promptness  of  a  drill,  they  pressed  on.  Nearing  our  lines,  the  guns  were  double- 
shotted  with  canister  and  dealt  terrible  devastation.  On  they  pressed,  until  there 
were  hand-to-hand  encounters  over  the  guns.  Hearts  beat  quickly,  and  it  seemed 
almost  as  if  the  day  was  lost.  But  Hancock  was  there,  and  at  every  point  the  charge 
was  repulsed.  The  beaten  enemy  sullenly  fell  back,  and  stealing  away  in  the  night, 
Lee  retired  for  the  last  time  from  Northern  soil.  Hancock,  the  superb,  will  always 
remain  a  .shining  light  in  the  pages  of  American  history. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  51 

Then  came  Grant,  one  of  the  immortal  triumvirate  of  America's  saviors — Wash 
ington,  Lincoln,  and  Grant — and  after  a  bloody  struggle  there  followed  the  blessings 
of  peace. 

In  the  lapse  of  years,  the  war  recurs  to  us  as  a  picnic  on  a  large  scale,  somewhat 
long  drawn  out  and  arduous  at  times  ;  but,  after  all,  we  recall  more  of  joy  than  sor 
row,  more  of  play  than  work.  While  the  Western  army  meandered,  seemingly, 
pretty  much  at  will  from  the  Ohio  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  having  time,  however,  to 
survey  with  deliberation  every  foot  of  grotind  over  which  it  fought,  we  were  held  at 
bay  in  the  comparatively  restricted  limits  of  Northern  Virginia.  If,  peradventure, 
we  advanced  upon  the  peninsula  and  viewed  the  spires  of  Richmond  from  our  out 
posts,  we  prudently  retired  to  the  James,  after  some  magnificent  but  bloody  work  at 
Fair  Oaks  and  Malvern  Hill,  to  take  an  account  of  stock  and  ante  up  for  a  new  deal. 
We  turned  the  Shenandoah  Valley  into  a  military  race-course,  where  the  winnings 
were  pretty  evenly  divided,  until  a  Celtic  importation  from  the  West,  who  now  com 
mands  our  small  but  gallant  little  army,  sent  the  conquered  legions  of  Earl}' whirling 
up  the  valley,  whence  they  came  no  more  forever.  On  this  occasion  Early  was  too 
late,  and  he  discovered  that  the  year  of  Jubal  E.  had  come.  But  it  was  not  all  serenity 
and  success.  Often  the  peaceful  scene  was  clouded,  and  the  angry  cannon  plowed 
deep  furrows  in  the  unoffending  soil,  and  dug  in  every  valley  and  on  every  hillside 
shallow  graves  for  the  fallen  braves  of  both  sides  of  the  fratricidal  contest.  There 
they  sleep  still,  thousands  upon  thousands,  known  and  unknown,  until  the  last 
trumpet  shall  sound — until  Federal  and  Confederate  alike,  linked  arm  in  arm,  shall 
stand  before  the  judgment-seat,  and  answering  the  roll-call  of  the  great  Commander, 
go  on  forever  into  the  endless  beyond. 

While  we  sound  the  praises  and  remember  with  unmeasured  gratitude  the  heroes 
whose  names  are  known,  wre  are  not  less  mindful  of  the  services  of  those  above  whose 
graves  no  slabs  are  raised,  and  the  sites  of  whose  very  resting-places  are  obliterated 
b}'  the  hand  of  agricvtlture.  One  spirit  inspired  all — love  of  country — and  the  lowli 
est  man  who  carried  a  musket  and  fell  bravely  with  his  face  to  the  foe  will  live  forever 
in  the  memory  of  a  grateful  nation.  It  is  a  grand  privilege  to  have  lived  in  those 
times — a  privilege  which  few  fully  realized  then,  when  all  thought  was  absorbed  in 
the  ever-recurring  duties  of  the  day  and  the  one  purpose  of  maintaining  the  nation 
one  and  indivisible  forever. 

Now  that  the  Union  is  restored  and  reconstruction  a  fixed  fact,  it  may  be  ungra 
cious  in  me  to  say  anything  derogatory  to  the  "sacred  soil,"  but  if  my  memory 
serves  me  right,  there  were  times  when  I  felt  very  much  like  the  dear  little  child  of 
an  army  officer  who  had  heard  New  Mexico  described  as  a  God-forsaken  country,  and 
when  it  came  her  father's  turn  to  be  ordered  to  that  much  abused  Territory,  invited 
her  mother  to  accompany  her  to  church  on  the  last  Sunday  before  their  departure  to 
say  good-by  to  God.  And  so,  too,  I  have  felt  like  applying  the  mild  profanity 
attributed  to  Sheridan,  that  if  he  owned  hell  and  Texas,  he  would  rent  Texas.  There 
were  wonderful  wilds,  as  dense  as  the  fastnesses  of  the  Rocky  Mountains,  and  swamps 
of  unnumbered  miasmatic  influences,  and  as  we  tramped  through  the  mud  and  mire, 
what  a  relief  it  was  even  to  strike  one  of  those  little  towns  so  graphically  described 
by  Horace  Porter,  where  they  had  a  "ten  horse-power  saw-mill,  with  a  circular  saw, 
and  a  one-horse  school  with  an  upright  teacher. " 

It  is  a  blessed  provision  of  nature  that  the  well-balanced  mind  remembers  the 
pleasures  rather  than  the  discomforts  of  life,  and  it  is  only  those  abnormal  creatures 
who  like  to  dwell  upon  the  dark  spots  of  their  career  and  imitate  an  old  colored  friend 


52 

of  mine,  who  invariably  greeted  my  salutation  of  "How  are  you  this  morning,  Aunt 
Betsy?"  with  the  stereotyped  reply,  "Wuss,  thank  God." 

"We  are  growing  old,  and  on  such  occasions  as  this  are  apt  to  be  garrulous.  I 
remember  very  well  a  story  which  I  heard  in  camp  at  our  own  headquarters,  related 
by  our  commissary.  During  one  of  the  raids  on  Richmond  you  will  recollect  that 
the  cavalry  command  was  nearly  surrounded  at  Trevilian  Station,  and  how  to  get  out 
was  for  a  while  a  very  serious  problem.  The  pack-train  was  badly  mixed  up  in  the 
melee,  and  the  command  was  finally  extricated  after  great  difficulty.  When  fairly  in 
camp  and  out  of  harm 's  way  our  commissary  asked  his  servant,  who  had  been  in  the 
train,  how  he  liked  the  situation.  "Well,  Massa  Tom,"  said  he,  "I  didn't  like  it  at 
all.  Dem  air  shells  as  big  as  camp-kettles  were  flying  'round  loose.  Dere  wan't  no 
chance  for  a  nigger  nowhar.  I  was  mightily  skeered,  I  was.  Why,  Massa  Tom,  I 
felt  as  if  every  hair  in  my  head  was  a  bugle  and  de}-  was  all  playing  '  Home,  Sweet 
Home.'  ' 

And  who  has  not  laughed  over  the  dilemma  of  the  Irishman  who  spent  two  years 
in  the  infantry  learning  to  turn  his  toes  out,  and  two  in  the  cavalry,  on  re-enlist 
ment,  trying  to  turn  them  in.  "  Divil  take  such  a  sarvice,  "  he  said,  "there  is  no 
plazing  the  blackguards." 

I  am  not  of  those  who  would  have  the  memories  of  the  war  effaced,  but  I  would 
bury  forever  its  animosities.  Our  opponents  fought  in  a  bad  cause,  but  they  believed 
in  the  cause,  and  I  respect  their  conscientious  convictions.  They  aimed  to  carry  out 
the  precepts  which  had  been  taught  them  from  early  childhood,  and  they  were  not 
successful.  None  are  more  grateful  to-day  than  the  great  mass  of  men  who  were 
engaged  in  the  struggle  on  the  Confederate  side.  The  lesson  inculcated  by  the  final 
triumph  of  the  Union  forces  must  not  and  will  not  be  forgotten.  We  are  one  people 
with  one  purpose  and  one  destiny. 

On  a  recent  occasion  I  listened  to  a  thrilling  and  patriotic  address  of  General 
Gordon  of  Georgia,  of  Confederate  fame  as  a  soldier.  He  depicted  in  language  I  can 
not  fully  describe,  the  final  triumph  of  our  arms  at  Appomattox,  and  with  great  feel 
ing  referred  to  the  magnanimity  displayed  in  the  terms  of  surrender  accorded  by 
General  Grant,  and  in  issuing  rations  to  the  half-starved  legions  who  only  a  few  hours 
before  confronted  us  with  smoking  muskets  and  bellowing  cannon.  It  gave  me  great 
pleasure  to  contribute  my  share  to  this  love-feast  by  saying  that  it  was  from  the  plethoric 
train  of  the  first  cavalry  division  under  my  charge  that  the  rations  were  in  large  part 
supplied.  If  he  violated  the  proprieties  of  the  occasion  by  throwing  his  arms  around 
me  in  the  presence  of  the  assembled  mulitude,  I  think  the  recording  angel  found  in 
the  incident  something  worthy  of  entry  on  the  credit  side  of  General  Gordon's 
account. 

The  war  is  past.  Its  bitterness  has  happily  subsided,  and  hand  in  hand  every 
loyal  son,  North  and  South,  "keeps  step  to  the  music  of  the  Union,  "and  those  whom 
the  god  of  battles  has  joined  together,  let  no  man  put  asunder.  In  friendship,  charity, 
and  loyalty,  we  shall  go  forward  prospering  and  to  prosper,  the  beacon-light  of  civil 
ization  and  the  controller  for  good  of  the  destinies  of  the  nations  of  the  globe. 

In  response  to  the  toast  of  the  "orator  of  the  day,"  Colonel  Stuart  Taylor  said  : 
Mr.  President  and  Soldiers  of  the  Potomac  army :     If  memory  serves  me  right,  it 
was  England's  Carlyle  who  said  :   "  Speak  not  at  all  in  any  wise  till  you  have  some 
what  to  speak ;  care  not  for  the  reward  of  your  speaking,  but  simply  for  the  truth  of 
your  speaking. " 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  53 

Sir,  I  have  nothing  to  add  to  the  eloquence  we  have  admiringly  listened  to,  but 
I  can  say  with  true  truth  how  profound  was  my  appreciation  of  the  honor  conferred 
upon  me  by  the  invitation  to  deliver  the  address  before  such  a  society  as  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  on  last  Monday  night. 

If  my  poor  stammering  speech  gave  you,  men  of  the  Potomac  army,  to  under 
stand  how  much  I  cherished  your  deeds  of  valor,  then  indeed  am  I  content.  How 
often  I  wished,  before  the  ordeal  came,  that  we  could  put  breath  in  the  cold  white 
dust  of  one  of  the  Potomac's  earlier  heroes — gallant  and  eloquent  Baker — upon 
whose  grave,  on  our  Lone  Mountain's  side,  the  imperial  sunset  of  California  daily 
throws  its  golden  lilies,  mingled  with  the  rose !  How  I  wished  that  he  could  be  here, 
with  his  thrilling  voice,  to  welcome  you !  But,  sir,  it  needs  no  speech  of  tongue  to 
voice  our  feelings  at  such  a  time,  when  the  Potomac's  soldiers  are  our  guests.  That 
speech  is  in  every  gleaming  eye ;  it  wells  up  from  every  loving  heart ;  it  keeps 
rhythmic  measure  with  rushing  feet  as  we  hasten  to  take  the  hands  of  those 
who  did  and  dared  so  much  for  the  flag's  sake.  Our  hearts  have  been  made 
harps,  on  whose  cords  your  hands,  soldiers,  have  played  with  very  thrilling  touch. 
[Applause.] 

And  my  eyes  were  full  of  tears  to-day  when  I  listened  to  the  touching  words  of 
the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  as  he  sang  the  praises 
of  your  great  chieftains  and  the  men  who  made  up  the  Potomac 's  ranks  of  war.  Your 
visit  will  rekindle  love  of  country  in  California.  It  will  be  to  us  like  a  benediction. 
It  will  make  our  growing  boys  and  girls  think,  and  they  will  ask,  "What  is  all  this 
for?"  And  when  answered  the}'  will  go  forth  upon  the  roadway  of  life  eager  to  give 
hands  and  hearts  and"  strength  and  brain,  and  all,  to  help  sustain  the  Union  for  which 
you  dared  gleaming  steel  and  shotted  guns.  Your  visit  has  even  made  the  flag  more 
sacred  and  more  holy.  It  has  re-created  ideas  and  principles  we  never  will  let  sleep. 
[Applause.] 

There  was  this  great  difference  between  the  soldiers  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Vir 
ginia  and  yours  :  The  one  fought  under  the  leadership  of  Lee !  You  fought  under 
the  leadership  of  God!  I  have  observed  with  intense  gratification  that  many 
ex-Confederates  have  draped  their  homes  and  offices  with  the  stars  and  stripes.  This 
is  well.  Let  the  good  spirit  glow  and  grow.  In  my  travels  abroad  I  remember  seeing 
somewhere  amid  the  Swiss  mountains  a  leaping,  foaming  cataract  of  blue  water, 
which  found  its  stormy  way  into  the  bosom  of  the  valley,  whence  flowed  another 
stream  which  was  literally  gray.  The  two  mingled  and  married,  and  when  they 
found  the  waters  of  the  welcoming  sea,  lo !  as  if  kissed  by  the  azure  of  the  sky,  all 
had  become  beautifully  and  serenely  blue.  And  in  sweet  silence  over  all  a  tremulous 
iris  stooped.  God  grant  the  sections  of  our  common  country  may  so  blend  together, 
until  every  man  who  wore  the  gray  has  become  merged  in  the  inextinguishable 
blue.  [Cheers.] 

The  fourth  day,  August  5th,  the  meeting  of  the  national  encampment  was  con 
tinued,  as  was  also  the  convention  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps.  There  was  an 
excursion  to  and  reception  by  the  citizens  of  Santa  Cruz.  In  the  evening  there  was 
a  grand  banquet  to  the  officers  and  members  of  the  encampment,  a  general  reception 
and  entertainment  at  the  Mechanics '  Pavilion  and  at  the  various  post  headquarters. 

The  fifth  day,  August  6th,  the  meeting  of  the  encampment  continued,  also  the 
convention  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps.  There  was  an  excursion  to  Monterey  and 
a  grand  picnic  excursion  over  the  North  Pacific  Coast  Railway.  In  the  evening  there 
was  a  general  reception  at  the  Metropolitan  Temple  tendered  by  the  national  conven- 


54  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

tion  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps  to  the  national  encampment,  Society  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  and  military  aids  of  the  Loyal  Legion.  The  address  of  welcome  was 
by  Sarah  E.  Fuller,  National  President  Woman's  Relief  Corps,  followed  by  addresses 
by  Governor  Stoneman,  Mayor  Bartlett,  Commander-in-Chief  Fairchild,  Department 
Commander  Smedberg,  General  Logan,  and  others.  A  special  musical  programme 
was  prepared  for  the  occasion. 

The  sixth  day,  August  jth,  there  was  a  grand  excursion  around  the  bay  of  San 
Francisco. 

This  was  one  of  the  most  enjoyable  excursions  of  the  encampment  week.  The 
steamer  Santa  Rosa,  a  large  and  elegantly  equipped  sea-going  vessel,  was  the  flag 
ship.  Following  were  several  of  the  largest  ferry-steamers  of  the  railroad  company, 
capable  of  carrying  two  or  three  thousand  passengers.  None  of  the  vessels  were 
allowed  to  be  crowded.  There  was  ample  room  for  dancing  and  freely  moving  about, 
so  that  all  had  opportunities  of  viewing  the  scenery  of  shore  and  water.  A  large 
number  of  ladies,  members  of  the  families,  friends  of  visiting  comrades  and  of  the 
Woman's  Relief  Corps  participated  in  the  excursion.  Each  vessel  was  furnished 
with  a  band  of  music  and  the  greatest  profusion  of  supplies  for  lunch  purposes,  a 
marked  feature  of  which  on  the  tables,  that  were  kept  constantly  set,  was  the  Cali 
fornia  fruits  and  wines.  The  fleet  decorated  with  flags  made  an  imposing  appearance. 
It  made  a  complete  circuit  of  the  bay ;  it  passed  Alcatraz  ;  the  fort  fired  a  national 
salute ;  the  flag-ship  went  a  short  distance  out  to  sea,  but  the  other  steamers  awaiting 
her  return  remained  at  the  entrance  of  the  harbor,  at  a  comfortable  distance  within 
the  Golden  Gate.  Flags  were  dipped  from  the  vessels  in  the  harbor  ;  and  the  steam- 
whistles  of  ferry-boats,  river  steamers,  and  tugs  shrilled  a  salute  as  the  fleet  passed 
both  in  going  and  returning.  The  trip  occupied  in  all  six  or  seven  hours,  and  the 
only  regret  expressed  was  that  it  had  not  been  longer. 

In  the  evening  the  closing  exercises  of  the  week  was  a  grand  camp-fire  at  the 
Mechanics'  Pavilion. 

Monday,  August  gth,  was  appropriated  to  an  excursion  to  Oakland.  A  grand 
reception  was  given  by  the  citizens  to  the  newly  elected  officers  of  the  national 
encampment  and  members  thereof,  also  to  the  comrades  generally.  The  city  was 
beautifully  decorated  with  arches  of  flags  similar  to  those  of  San  Francisco.  There 
was  an  address  of  welcome  by  the  mayor,  speeches  by  the  newly  elected  Commander- 
in-Chief,  Lucius  Fairchild  of  Wisconsin,  General  Logan  and  others.  The  procession, 
which  was  headed  by  the  light  battery  of  the  First  Regiment  of  the  U.  S.  Artillery 
stationed  at  the  Presidio,  was  participated  in  by  a  number  of  visiting  comrades,  and 
with  the  posts  of  California  made  an  admirable  display.  *One  of  the  most  charming 
features  of  this  parade,  like  that  of  Portland,  Me.,  was  the  assemblage  of  the  school 
children  of  the  city  who,  under  the  charge  of  their  teachers,  occupied  an  entire  block 
on  one  of  the  streets  on  the  line  of  the  procession  ;  tastefully  dressed  in  white  they 
made  a  beautiful  sight  as  with  sweet  voices  they  greeted  the  veterans  with  patriotic 
songs  and  distributed  flowers  among  them. 

Tuesday,  the  loth,  there  was  an  excursion  to  San  Jose.  It  was  a  reception  in  the 
manner  of  the  preceding  day.  The  city  beautifully  decorated,  a  procession,  a  series 
of  addresses  of  welcome  by  the  mayor  and  other  prominent  citizens,  the  replies  by 
Commander-in-Chief  Fairchild,  General  Logan,  Governor  Alger  of  Michigan,  and 
other  comrades,  a  grand  banquet  and  open  house  everywhere. 

Wednesday  and  Thursday,  August  nth  and  I2th,  were  appropriated  to  an  excur 
sion  to  Sacramento  via  Napa  Valley.  After  the  festivities  at  Napa  and  the  trip  up 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  55 

the  valley  to  St.  Helena,  with  a  look  at  the  vineyards,  the  comrades  who  took  part 
in  the  excursions,  retracing  a  portion  of  their  journey,  took  the  direct  line  for  Sacra 
mento  which  'they  reached  on  Wednesday  evening.  The  grand  reception  which  they 
met  with  there  lasted  through  the  following  day.  To  enumerate  the  festivities  which 
were  on  a  grand  scale  would  be  but  a  repetition  of  what  had  occurred  at  San  Fran 
cisco,  Oakland,  and  Sari  Jose.  The  Sacramento  excursion  and  the  attending  ceremo 
nies  may  be  deemed  the  end  of  the  official  receptions  of  the  G.  A.  R.  in  California, 
though,  of  course,  there  should  be  very  properly  mentioned  the  reception  which  was 
given  at  Los  Angeles  to  the  comrades  who  returned  to  their  Eastern  homes  by  the 
Southern  route  and  who  were  kept  over  a  day  or  two  at  that  point  with  a  camp-fire 
welcome  and  a  hearty  comrade  greeting. 

The  history  of  the  reception  of  the  delegates  to  the  national  encampment  and 
visiting  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  has  been  given  here  at  some 
length,  but  it  is  but  a  faint  representation  of  the  round  of  festivities  which  occurred  ; 
the  earnest  and  warm  welcome  of  California  to  the  survivors  of  the  civil  war.  All 
that  California  could  do  was  felt  to  be  but  a  limited  appreciation  of  the  grand  services 
rendered  by  these  men  who  were  representatives  not  only  of  the  living  but  of  the 
grand  army  of  the  dead. 

The  department  of  the  Potomac,  G.  A.  R.,  on  the  return  of  its  delegation  from 
the  national  encampment,  made  the  following  handsome  acknowledgment  of  appre 
ciation  of  hospitalities.  General  Orders,  No.  8,  dated  Washington,  D.  C.,  August 
24,  1886  *  *  *  page  3.  "The  thanks  of  this  department  are  extended  to  W.  R. 
Smedberg,  Commander  Department  of  California,  and  through  him  to  the  comrades 
of  that  department  and  the  citizens  of  the  State  generally,  for  the  very  kind  and  hos 
pitable  reception  and  entertainment  of  our  delegation  and  the  friends  who  accompa 
nied  them  on  the  occasion  of  the  meeting  of  the  twentieth  national  encampment  at 
San  Francisco.  With  open  hearts  the}r  received  and  with  open  hands  they  dispensed 
the  bounteous  stores  with  which  they  have  been  so  wonderfully  blessed.  Our  com 
rades  on  the  Pacific  Slope  will  ever  have  a  warm  place  in  our  hearts." 


BUSINESS  SESSION 


OF    THE 


Twentieth  Annual   Encampment 


OF    THE 


GRAND  ARMY  OF  THE  REPUBLIC, 

Held  at  San  Francisco,   Cat.,  August,  1886. 


A  FULL  AND  COMPLETE  ACCOUNT  OF  THE  PROCEEDINGS. 


The  business  session  of  the  twentieth  national  encampment  opened  on  Wed 
nesday,  August  4,  1886,  at  ten  o'clock  at  the  Odd  Fellow's  Hall,  San  Francisco. 

The  encampment  was  called  to  order  by  the  Commander-in-Chief,  S.  S.  Burdett. 
Chaplain-in-Chief  L-  H.  Stewart  made  the  opening  prayer,  and  the  Commander-in- 
Chief  read  the  following  address  : 

Comrades:  Our  last  gathering  place  was  upon  the  shores  of  that  ocean  across 
whose  heaving  breast  there  yet  gleams  the  w^ake  of  the  Mayflower,  of  immortal  name, 
which  brought  through  stormy  seas  to  an  inhospitable  coast  the  seed  of  men,  and  of 
faith  and  purpose,  whose  antithesis  armed  for  fight  under  the  flag  of  the  rebellion, 
and  whose  high  noon  of  fruition  came  at  Appomattox.  We  partook  of  the  hospitality 
of  a  people  who  remain  within  call  of  the  ' '  manor  house ' '  of  the  Pilgrim  Estate  ;  we 
were  glad  in  the  presence  of  the  daughters  of  a  race  who  rocked  the  cradles  out  of 
which  have  stepped  that  throng  of  Godfearing  and  liberty -loving  men  whose  peace 
ful  arms  have  within  the  compass  of  little  more  than  a  century  subdued  a  continental 
wilderness,  and  within  it  set  up  the  peerless  nation  whose  citizens  we  are. 

Threading  a  continent  in  our  this  year's  march,  we  pitch  the  tents  of  the  twen 
tieth  national  encampment  on  this  our  further  shore,  salute  the  glory  of  the  mount 
ains  which  to  our  fathers  were  nameless  shadows  in  a  foreign  land,  and  hear  with 
gladness  the  music  of  the  waves  which  sing  our  anthem  where  yesterday  the  starry 
flag  was  but  a  strange  device.  It  has  been  the  lot  of  the  Grand  Army  to  compass  the 
land  it  helped  to  save.  Our  feet,  whilst  yet  "shod  with  the  lightnings  of  war,"  knew 
by  toilsome  march  the  highways  and  by-ways  of  the  South  ;  our  peaceful  progress  has 
led  by  pleasant  paths  to  the  eastern  shore,  to  the  northern  border,  through  the  loyal 


58  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

center  to  the  mountain  slope,  and  now  at  length  beside  the  "peaceful  seas,  "  having 
seen  of  all  its  greatness,  whilst  yet  our  strength  remains,  with  united  voice  we  salute 
again  our  dear  country,  and  bless  the  God  of  the  fathers  that  it  was  his  good  pleasure 
to  privilege  us  to  stand  in  the  battle  for  its  unity,  and  to  preserve  so  many  of  us  to 
be  partakers  of  its  later  glories. 

REPORTS. 

I  commend  to  you  the  careful  perusal  of  the  reports  of  the  staff  officers.  They 
exhibit  in  detail  the  state  of  all  the  principal  business  and  other  concerns  of  the 
Grand  Army,  and  will  evidence  the  faithfulness  with  which  you  have  been  served. 
Not  because  it  is  matter  of  custom  or  courtesy,  but  because  I  am  sensible  of  the  obli 
gations  I  am  under  to  them,  I  take  pleasure  in  referring  specially  to  the  faithful  and 
efficient  labors  of  the  adjutant,  the  quartermaster,  the  inspector,  and  the  judge- 
advocate-general,  and  the  assistant  adjutant-general.  The  volume  of  business 
transacted  through  national  headquarters  has  been  very  great,  far  greater  than  in 
any  preceeding  year;  the  burden  of  it  has  fallen  on  them.  I  may  say  with  some 
degree  of  pride,  and  in  justice  to  them,  that  the  records  of  their  offices  will  be  found 
in  so  good  condition  as  to  lighten  the  burdens  of  their  successors. 

MEMBERSHIP. 

There  were,  as  reported  by  my  predecessor,  on  the  3ist  day  of  March,  1885, 
thirty-eight  departments,  5,026  posts,  and  269,694  members.  On  March  31,  1886, 
the  official  returns  showed  thirty-eight  departments,  5,765  posts,  and  a  membership 
in  good  standing  of  295,337.  This  is  a  net  gain  during  the  year  of  739  posts  and 
25,643  comrades.  Distinguishing  between  those  actually  suspended  for  non-payment 
of  dues,  and  the  aggregate  membership  of  posts  noted  as  suspended  for  failure  to  send 
in  their  reports  (as  our  system  of  returns  now  enables  us  to  do),  and  counting  as  in 
good  standing  in  delinquent  posts  the  number  so  appearing  by  their  last  return,  gives 
a  membership  on  March  3ist  last  of  299,087. 

The  number  of  comrades  remaining  members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic 
is  326,499.  There  is  abundant  reason  for  congratulation  to  be  found  in  the  exhibit. 
The  time  has  come  when  the  single  cause  of  the  growing  weight  of  years  sufficiently 
excuses  many  thousands  of  our  comrades  from  seeking  our  association,  yet  out  of 
the  diminished  and  constantly  diminishing  number  of  comrades  eligible  to  our  ranks, 
we  gathered  in  by  muster  alone  during  the  last  year  a  new  membership  of  60,663. 
This  is  a  greater  number  than  constituted  our  whole  membership  up  to  and  at  the 
close  of  the  year  1880. 

SUSPENDED   AND    DROPPED    MEMBERS. 

The  problem  presented  by  the  large  number  of  comrades  reported  as  suspended 
or  dropped  calls  for  some  solution. 

Under  the  head  of  suspended  the  adjutant-generals  have  reported  : 

For  the  year  ending  March  3 1 ,  1884 28,801 

"    1885 54,292 

"    1886 54,146 

The  causes  leading  to  this  unwelcome  state  of  facts  are  various.  Undoubtedly 
there  are  some  who  join  our  ranks  looking  for  immediate  and  purely  material  and 
selfish  benefits,  and  who,  finding  their  expectation  slow  of  realization,  properly  and 
naturally  fall  out.  There  are  others  who,  so  soon  as  the  novelty  of  their  experiences 
have  worn  off,  lapse  into  carelessness,  and  for  lack  of  a  little  ' '  shepherding  ' '  by  their 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  59 

more  earnest  comrades  are  lost  to  us  ;  but  there  are  others  whose  falling  away  is  of 
more  grave  concern.  Some  there  are  faithful  of  purpose  and  warm'in  their  allegiance  to 
our  order,  to  whom  the  small  sum  required  for  payment  of  annual  dues  is  yet  a  burden. 
It  represents  so  much  of  self-denial  or  of  diminished  comfort  for  some  dependent  one. 
Then,  again,  the  summit  of  life  has  been  reached  by  us  all,  and  some  of  us  are 
far  down  the  westward  slope.  To  these  attendance  upon  our  meetings  and  upon  our 
other  duties  has  come  to  be  a  burden.  No  longer  able  to  report  for  active  duty,  and, 
finding  no  place  provided  by  our  system  for  honorable  retirement,  not  without. a  pang 
of  regret,  no  doubt,  they  suffer  the  account  to  be  closed  by  the  operation  of  our  harsh 
rule  under  its  harsher  interpretation.  The  situation  has  come  to  be  this  :  Organized 
as  we  are,  among  other  things,,  for  purposes  of  beneficence  toward  each  other,  we  yet 
withdraw  our  organized  comradeship  from  such  as  must  leave  our  society  for  causes 
which  should  call  into  active  play  the  duty  of  charity  in  its  larger  sense  to  which 
we  stand  pledged.  The  fact  is  that  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  fashioned 
its  rules  and  limitations  upon  the  plan  of  societies  whose  clientage  is  the  ever-widen 
ing  stream  of  new-born  souls.  Its  originators,  rejoicing  in  the  day  of  their  own 
strength,  did  not  look  beyond ;  but  we  are  face  to  face  with  the  fact  that  the  fountain 
had  ceased  to  run  ere  our  musters  began,  and  that  the  suns  of  a  quarter  of  a  century 
have  drank  of  the  waters  of  our  stream  until  its  diminished  flow  admonishes  us 
to  have  a  care  against  waste.  I  hold  to  the  xtsefulness  of  the  Grand  Army  as 
an  institution.  I  believe  as  you  do  that  when  its  last  muster  shall  have  been  cele 
brated,  and  all  the  doors  of  its  posts  closed,  that  the  greatest. school  of  patriotism  our 
world  has  kno\vn  will  have  ceased  to  be.  I  am  therefore  clear  that  it  is  our  duty  now 
to  begin  the  taking  of  steps  to  the  end  that  the  badge  of  our  order  may  be  lawfully 
worn  to  the  latest  possible  hour.  The  consideration  this  subject  has  received  in 
many  of  the  departments  during  the  past  year  indicates  that  it  is  one  lying  near  to 
the  heart  of  comrades  and  that  the  time  is  ripe  for  action.  Tsubmit  that  your  rules 
and  regulations  ought  to  be  amended. 

Instead  of  comrades  in  arrears  for  dues  being  summarily  dropped  at  a  specific 
period  by  mere  operation  of  the  law  itself,  there  should  be  notice  in  open  post  and 
due  action  had ;  and  before  the  final  act  of  dropping  is  consummated  there  should 
again  be  notice  in  open  post,  a  period  of  warning,  and  then  formal  action  by  ballot 
on  each  case  at  a  regular  meeting. 

But  I  think  that  the  time  has  arrived  when  \ve  may  well  consider  whether  our  rules 
should  not  provide  some  other  alternative  than  the  absolute  severance  of  relations 
\vith  the  order  on  failure  of  payment  of  dues. 

True  there  is  now  the  condition  that  dues  may  be  remitted  for  reason  of 
"  sickness  or  misfortune,  "  but  the  inadequacy  of  this  provision  is  apparent.  I  cotn- 
mend  to  your  consideration  the  propriety  of  instituting  in  connection  with  our  posts 
a  retired  list,  call  it  if  you  please  a  roll  of  honor,  upon  which  the  posts  may  place 
their  veteran  members,  relieving  them  of  the  payment  of  dues  and  of  active  duty 
generally,  but  leaving  them  the  right  of  attendance  at  post  meetings,  of  participating 
in  and  enjoyment  of  the  honors  and  benefits  incident  to  our  association,  and  testify 
ing  our  full  comradeship  by  continuing  to  them  the  right  of  participating  in  the 
election  of  new  members  and  in  the  decision  of  all  questions  relative  to  the  standing 
of  comrades. 

First  in  the  trinity  of  our  aims  we  name  "  fraternity."  I  am  making  a  crude 
suggestion  only,  but  I  am  asking  you  out  of  your  greater  wisdom  to  fashion  some 
plan  that  shall  enable  us,  having  once  grasped  the  hand  of  a  worthy  comrade,  to 


60  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

hold  it  in  friendly  embrace  until  in  God's  good  time  we  must  cross  it  on  his  own 
breast  in  token  of  the  final  peace. 

FINANCES. 

The  account  current  of  the  quartermaster-general  shows  balance  of  cash  on  hand 
June  30,  1886,  $23,864.09.  There  was  on  hand  June  30,  1885,  $12,006.46,  The  net 
receipts  for  the  year  are  therefore  $11,857.63. 

The  presence  of  this  very  considerable  surplus  fund,  and  the  stability  and  present 
certainty  of  our  sources  of  revenue,  raises  two  important  questions : 

1.  Should  we  cut  off  or  limit  some  or  any  of  the  charges  out  of  which  our  income 
is  derived. 

2.  What  shall  be  done  with  present  and  future  accumulations  to  insure  their 
safety  and  get  from  them  some  interest  return  ? 

Upon  the  first  question  }-our  attention  is  invited  to  the  recommendation  of  the 
quartermaster-general,  that  the  price  of  the  membership  badge  be  reduced  to  thirty- 
five  cents,  which,  on  the  basis  of  last  year's  issue,  would  effect  a  saving  to  depart 
ments  of  $3,500,  and  would  to  that  extent  curtail  our  revenue. 

It  is  my  judgment  that  we  may  safely  make  this  reduction,  and  that  it  should  be 
done ;  but  in  every  question  of  this  character  it  is  always  to  be  borne  in  mind  that  we 
are  on  the  high  level  now ;  that  our  direction  is  fixed ;  that  be3~ond  and  in  our  path 
is  the  declivit}^,  and  we  ought  to  have  in  mind  provision  for  that  day  when  only  a  few 
will  contribute  to  the  funds,  but  when,  as  WTC  hope  and  believe,  the  fading  few  will 
still  assemble  in  national  encampment  and  find  in  their  own  funds  the  means  to  do 
so  until  the  end  comes. 

The  second  question  was  dealt  with  by  the  last  national  encampment,  so  far  as 
the  surplus  then  reported  was  concerned,  but  without  result. 

The  incoming  Commander-in-Chief  and  council  of  administration  were  author 
ized  to  invest  $10,000  of  the  amount  then  on  hand  in  mortgages  on  real  estate  worth 
not  less  than  three  times  the  amount  thus  loaned,  "  exclusively  of  an}-  improve 
ments  thereon."  At  the  meeting  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Council,  held 
November  19,  1885,  the  matter  was  carefully  considered,  and  it  was  determined  that 
under  the  restrictions  imposed  it  would  be  impossible  to  safely  place  the  funds.  In  view 
of  the  fact  that  we  are  not  an  incorporated  society,  that  we  could  enforce  no  remedy 
against  a  delinquent  borrower  except  through  some  cumbersome  and  uncertain 
system  of  trusteeship,  with  great  deference  to  your  better  judgment,  I  think  it  my 
duty  to  suggest  that,  as  safety  is  much  the  more  to  be  regarded  than  the  mere 
matter  of  interest,  the  bonds  of  the  United  States  are  the  best  security  known  to  the 
business  wrorld. 

CHARITY   AND    RELIEF   FUND. 

N 

The  report  of  the  adjutant-general  shows  amount  expended  for  charitj'  for  the 
year  to  be  $176,259.87,  but  the  report  of  the  inspector-general  shows  an  expenditure 
under  this  head,  for  the  same  period,  by  but  4,916  posts  out  of  the  5,765  now  in 
existence,  of  $205,673.90,  and  as  remaining  in  the  relief  fund  $301,012.76.  I  refer  to 
these  figures  both  for  congratulation  and  complaint — congratulation  in  that  our  great 
principles  of  fraternity  and  charity  still  have  exemplification,  and  complaint  that  the 
proper  officers  of  many  of  the  posts  fail  to  make  due  record  and  report  on  this  head. 
This  neglect  is  an  injustice  to  their  posts  and  to  the  whole  fraternity,  now  and  for 
the  future.  The  explanation  of  the  much  smaller  sum  reported  by  the  adjutant- 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  61 

general,  must  be  that  the  inspector,  being  present  in  the  posts  by  his  assistant, 
found  the  facts  he  reports,  whilst  post  officers  carelessly  omitted  them  from  their 
returns. 

DEPARTMENTS. 

Except  in  one  instance  there  is  nothing  in  the  condition  of  the  departments 
which  requires  special  remark.  Unfortunately,  and,  as  we  shall  most  of  us  agree, 
unwisely,  certain  alleged  delinquencies  occurring  in  the  department  of  New  York 
were  made  the  subject  of  general  newspaper  allegation  and  surmise.  The  specific 
allegations  concerned  the  funds  and  were  calculated  to  seriously  impair  the  prosperity 
of  that  great  department  and  our  good  name  beyond  its  borders.  Under  these  cir 
cumstances  it  seemed  to  me  to  be  the  part  of  wisdom  to  order  special  inspection  of 
the  department  records.  The  comrade  inspector-general  performed  that  duty  in 
person  thoroughly  and  conscientiously.  It  is  not  proper  that  I  express  any  opinion 
or  now  give  publicity  to  that  part  of  his  report  which  deals  with  past  delinquencies ; 
they  have  been  made  the  subject  of  proper  charges  and  specifications,  and  will  be 
brought  to  trial  in  due  time.  But  it  is  just  to  us  all  that  I  say  that  the  report  finds 
that,  under  the  present  administration,  known  faults  have  been  corrected,  system  and 
economy  introduced,  and  that  confidence  ought  to  be  restored,  and  prosperity  again 
abound. 

BADGES. 

This  is  a  subject  to  which  attention  of  a  special  kind  has  been  called  in  the 
reports  of  your  retiring  Commanders-in-Chief  on  more  than  one  occasion.  At  the 
eighteenth  annual  session  your  attention  was  called  to  certain  allegations  involving 
the  integrity  of  the  manufacture  of  the  badges  then  in  use,  and  to  innuendoes  in  con 
nection  therewith  involving  not  only  the  good  name  of  the  then  national  officers  of 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  but  that  of  their  predecessors  for  many  years.  The 
author  of  these  slanders  was  not  singled  out  by  name,  but  he  was  described  as  one 
who  had  sought  the  contract  for  the  manufacture  of  badges  and  as  the  editor  of  a 
paper  professedhr  published  in  the  interest  of  the  Grand  Army.  In  view  of  these 
charges,  or  rather  of  the  fact  that  they  had  found  their  way  into  reputable  news 
papers,  the  executive  committee  of  the  council  of  administration  made  a  thorough 
examination  into  the  wrhole  matter.  Their  report,  covering  the  whole  history  of  the 
question,  left  no  room  for  doubt  that  you  had  been  served  with  faithfulness  and 
fidelity  in  that  regard,  and  that  the  charges  made  had  no  better  foundation  than  the 
interested  malice  of  their  author. 

My  predecessor,  in  his  address  at  Portland,  invited  attention  to  the  large  revenue 
derived  from  the  sale  of  badges,  which  by  so  much  prevented  the  increase  of  the 
per  capita  tax ;  to  the  just  pride  a  comrade  should  feel  in  wearing  a  badge  manu 
factured  from  captured  cannon,  and  recalled  to  the  attention  of  all  "the  resolution  of 
the  eighteenth  national  encampment,  especially  prohibiting  comrades  from  wearing 
any  other  membership  badge  than  that  supplied  by  national  headquarters. ' ' 

The  committee  to  whom  this  address  was  referred  reported  upon  the  subject  that 
"  unless  made  of  captured  rebel  cannon  a  badge  is  a  lie,  and  the  post  officer  or  other 
comrade  who  procures  them  from  any  other  source  than  through  national  head 
quarters  merits  court-martial  and  prompt  dismissal.  *  *  *  *  In  this  connection 
it  is  recommended  that  during  the  coming  year  the  Commander-in-Chief  be  requested 
to  give  this  matter  his  individual  attention,  to  the  end  that  the  manufacture  of  spuri 
ous  badges  be  stopped,  and  that  the  parties  now  engaged  in  obtaining  money  under 
false  pretenses  by  their  sale  be  properly  dealt  with  under  the  law  ;  ' '  and  the  following 
resolution  was  reported  and  adopted. 


62 

"Resolved,  That  the  Commander-in-Chief  be  requested  to  ascertain  who  are 
manufacturers  and  sellers  of  spurious  badges,  and  to  take  such  steps  to  secure  the 
suppression  of  the  same  as  he  may  deem  proper." 

Under  this  mandate  I  proceeded  to  the  discharge  of  the  duty  involved.  Exami 
nation  disclosed  that  the  patent  obtained  upon  the  design  of  the  badge  in  1869 
expired  by  limitation  on  the  28th  da}-  of  December,  1876.  There  was  no  machinery 
of  the  law,  therefore,  that  could  be  invoked  in  my  aid.  But,  considering  that  without 
the  active  aid  or  connivance  at  least  of  a  considerable  number  of  the  officers  and 
members  of  the  Grand  Army,  no  outside  manufacturer  could  profitably  prosecute  the 
business,  and,  believing  that  there  could  not  be  found  within  the  membership  of  our 
posts  a  comrade  so  lost  to  honor  or  greedy  of  spoil  as  to  persist,  after  due  notice  of 
the  will  of  his  comrades  in  the  matter,  in  defrauding  their  funds,  and  in  mocking 
their  faith  and  just  pride,  by  imposing  on  them,  in  place  of  a  genuine  badge,  what 
the  encampment  had  aptly  described  as  a  lie,  under  date  of  September  14,  1885,  I 
issued  General  Order,  No.  6,  current  series,  in  which,  without  note  or  comment,  I 
set  out  at  large  the  resolution  of  the  seventeenth  (Denver)  national  encampment  and 
the  report  of  the  committee  on  the  address  of  Commander-in-Chief  Kountz  at  Port 
land,  above  alluded  to,  which  I  did  not  doubt  would  effectual!}-  compass  your  purposes. 
My  attention  was  soon  after  directed  to  the  October  number  of  the  Grand  Army 
Gazette  and  National  Guardsman,  so  called,  edited  and  published  by  J.  A.  Joel,  at  82 
and  84  Nassau  Street,  New  York,  in  which,  under  the  heading  of  "  Another  Waste- 
Basket  Order,  "he  revived  the  slanders  denounced  at  Minneapolis,  declared  his  purpose 
to  manufacture  and  sell  the  "badges  guaranteed  to  contain  captured  cannon  metal," 
and  characterized  the  action  of  the  two  national  encampments  embodied  in  the  order 
as  "the  style  of  an  autocrat." 

He  declared  the  price  too  high,  and,  referring  to  the  fact  that  the  patent  on  the 
design  in  use  had  expired,  denied  the  right  of  the  Grand  Army,  through  its  laws  or 
otherwise,  to  control  the  action  of  its  membership  on  the  matter  of  sale  or  purchase 
of  badges. 

The  article  concluded  with  a  deliberate  false  attempt  to  discredit  the  authenticity 
of  the  action  of  the  national  encampment  as  published  in  the  order  referred  to. 

Advised  now  that  a  campaign  against  your  funds,  national,  departmental,  and 
post,  as  well  as  against  the  honor  of  the  whole  great  fraternity  involved  in  its  pledge  as 
to  the  material  of  which  its  insignia  of  honor  is  composed,  was  fully  determined 
upon,  I  again  addressed  the  Grand  Army  on  the  subject,  through  Headquarters 
Circular,  No.  2,  and  through  the  medium  of  letters  to  the  department  commanders 
invoked  their  personal  aid.  In  several  succeeding  numbers  of  the  journal  referred  to 
the  determination  to  continue  the  sale  of  the  spurious  article  was  asserted  by  its 
editor,  and  the  declaration  reiterated  that  his  manufacture  contained  captured  cannon 
metal,  and  the  fact  that  the  property  rights  of  his  comrades  in  the  badge  were  no 
longer  protected  by  a  patent  was  reasserted  as  his  justification  for  invading  them. 

If  but  one  of  the  genuine  badges  issued  from  headquarters  were  dropped  into  the 
melting-pot,  an  assertion  that  its  issue  contained  ' '  captured  cannon  metal  ' '  would 
be  true  in  form,  but  would  remain  a  false  pretense  in  fact.  However,  one  not  a 
member  of  the  Grand  Army  undertaking  to  manufacture  our  badge  might,  if  pressed 
to  desist,  fall  back  on  our  want  of  protection  by  patent ;  for  a  member  of  the  Grand 
Army,  bound  to  duty  to  his  comrades  by  the  pledge  of  his  honor,  to  so  shelter  him 
self  is  but  to  resurrect  the  rejected  plea  of  Shylock  :  "It  is  not  so  nominated  in 
the  bond. ' '  I  am  happy  to  say  that  my  efforts  to  discharge  this  duty  were  seconded 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  63' 

by  my  comrades,  the  department  commanders,  almost  unanimously,  with  great  hearti 
ness,  and  that  close  scrutiny  and  comparison  of  the  legitimate  demands  of  the  year 
with  the  actual  issue  from  national  headquarters,  indicate  that  but  few  of  the  spuri 
ous  badges  found  their  way  into  the  ranks. 

Under  the  circumstances  it  is  just  that  I  should  say  that  from  no  reputable 
source,  and  indeed  from  no  source  whatever,  save  only  that  to  which  I  have  already 
alluded,  has  any  complaint  or  even  criticism  reached  headquarters  with  respect  to  any 
matter  connected  with  the  manufacture  or  supply  of  badges,  or  their  cost  or  material. 
That  you  have  been  served  in  this  respect  with  absolute  fidelity  I  have  no  doubt. 

The  number  of  badges  issued  during  the  }-ear  is  66,393.  I  found  on  assuming 
office  that  there  was  an  outstanding  badge  contract  properly  entered  into  by  my 
predecessor,  under  which  there  remained  for  delivery  60,760.  The  balance  of  the 
year's  supply  has  been  furnished  by  the  manufacturer  at  the  last  contract  price  of 
twenty-seven  cents  each.  There  is  now  no  outstanding  contract. 

Of  the  twelve  bronze  guns  obtained  from  the  New  York  arsenal  in  August,  1884, 
six,  weighing  5, 230  pounds,  are  yet  on  hand.  There  is,  in  addition,  up  wards  of  2,000 
pounds  of  this  gun-metal,  which  has  been  reduced  to  the  form  of  pigs. 

OMITTED   CORPS   MARKS,    NEW   DESIGNS,    PATENTED. 

The  subject  of  corps  marks  omitted  from  the  group  of  emblems  on  the  reverse  of 
the  star  of  the  badge  was  before  the  last  encampment  on  a  resolution  reciting  that  the 
castle,  the  emblem  of  the  Engineer  Corps,  had  been  omitted  therefrom ;  and  in  a 
resolution  coming  in  from  the  department  of  Nebraska,  asking,  on  behalf  of 
members  of  the  thirteenth  corps  residing  in  that  State,  that  the  national  encamp 
ment  adopt  for  it  a  badge  after  a  form  suggested.  It  seems  that  no  badge  or  emblem 
was  ever  adopted  for  that  corps.  The  whole  subject  was  referred  to  the  council  of 
administration  with  power  to  act.  Upon  consideration  of  the  questions  the  executive 
committee  declined  to  take  action  on  the  last-named  matter. 

It  seemed  to  the  committee  that  such  action  would  be  without  adequate  author 
ity  ;  that  no  action  it  or  the  national  encampment  could  take  would  be  anywhere 
binding,  and  that  subject  was  therefore  referred  back  to  this  body.  The  committee 
found  further  inducement  for  this  action  on  learning  that  at  a  meeting  of  mem 
bers  of  this  corps  at  Chicago,  in  1866,  action  had  been  taken,  and  a  form  of  bad°-e 
recommended  different  from  that  selected  by  the  Nebraska  comrades. 

Upon  the  other  subject,  "  the  emblem  of  the  Engineer  Corps,"  it  was  found  that 
the  authorized  form  of  the  emblem,  as  promulgated  by  the  war  department,  was  not 
the  castle  alone,  but  the  castle  in  combination  with  the  crossed  oars  and  anchor,  and 
that  in  this  form  it  was  in  its  proper  place  in  the  group  of  emblems. 

But  examination  disclosed  that  three  of  the  authorized  corps  marks,  viz.  :  Han 
cock's  First  Corps,  Vet.  Vols.,  and  Sheridan's  and  Wilson's  Cavalry  Corps,  were 
omitted.  It  seemed  to  the  committee  that  these  ought  to  be  added,  and  especially  so 
as  their  addition  would,  by  change  of  design,  admit  of  a  patent  being  obtained  for 
future  protection. 

Comrade  Davison,  the  manufacturer  of  our  badges,  took  charge  of  the  matter, 
obtained  and  holds  the  patent.  He  has  also,  with  the  concurrence  of  national  head 
quarters,  in  order  to  your  further  protection,  secured  a  design  patent  upon  the  upper 
part  of  the  badge  by  adding  to  its  reverse  side  a  suitable  design. 

These  patents  are  at  the  service  of  the  national  encampment.  I  stronglv  recom 
mend  that  you,  by  formal  resolution,  adopt  the  designs  they  cover.  They  do  not 


64  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

change  the  general  form  of  the  badge  as  now  prescribed  ;  they  simply  add  certain 
details  properly  belonging  upon  it,  and  will  serve  for  your  future  protection  against 
any  Shylock  to  whom  the  law  of  honor  is  without  preventive  force. 

OFFICIAL   DECISIONS. 

I  have  approved,  adopted,  and  promulgated  as  my  decisions  the  opinion  of  the 
judge  advocate-general  in  the  eighteen  cases  of  which  the  following  is  an  abstract : 

No.  i.  A  comrade  is  not  subject  to  suspension  because  of  non-payment  of 
so-called  dues  to  a  relief  fund  established  by  a  by-law  of  his  post.  Such  a  payment 
is  wholly  a  matter  of  individual  conscience  and  patriotism. 

No.  2.  A  member  of  the  national  encampment,  a  past  department  commander, 
can  only  be  tried  by  court-martial  convened  by  order  of  the  Commander-in-Chief. 
Sec.  3,  art.  6,  chap.  5. 

No.  3.  In  this  case  a  comrade  was  dropped  from  the  rolls  by  a  vote  of  the  post,  on 
the  ground  that  he  was  ineligible,  and  should  not  have  been  mustered  in.  Held, 
that  a  post  cannot  properly  drop  a  member  from  its  rolls  who  appears  in  good  stand 
ing  until  the  contrary  is  shown  after  proper  and  legal  proceedings,  as  provided  by 
the  rules  and  regulations. 

No.  4.  Any  comrade  against  whom  no  charges  exist,  and  who  has  paid  his  dues, 
may  demand,  orally  or  in  writing,  at  a  meeting  of  his  post,  a  transfer  card ;  and  a 
failure  on  the  part  of  the  officers  of  the  post  to  perform  their  duty  and  issue  such 
transfer  card  could  not  operate  to  defeat  a  comrade's  transfer  to  another  newly  organ 
ized  post,  to  which  (in  the  case  in  question)  a  comrade  was  admitted  by  the  depart 
ment  commander,  who  possessed  full  knowledge  of  all  the  facts  in  the  case. 

No.  5.  The  resignation  of  a  post  commander  does  not  operate  to  inake  a  vacancy 
until  his  successor  has  been  elected  and  actually  qualified ;  consequently,  it  is  proper 
for  the  officer  so  resigning  to  preside  at  any  meeting  of  his  post  until  his  successor  is 
so  elected  and  qualified. 

No.  6.  There  is  no  territorial  limitation  upon  the  power  of  the  Commander-in- 
Chief  to  authorize  the  organization  of  posts  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  He 
may  sanction  their  organization  within  a  foreign  country,  and  attach  them  to  any 
department  under  his  jurisdiction. 

No.  7.  In  this  case  an  applicant  is  reported  as  having  "borne  arms  "  (in  the 
enlarged  sense  of  the  term)  in  the  sendee  of  the  Confederacy  while  he  was  a  slave. 
He  afterward  enlisted  in  and  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Union  army.  Held 
that  the  applicant  must  have  the  benefit  of  the  fact  that  as  a  slave  he  was  stripped  of 
the  power  and  exercise  of  volition,  and  hence  is  relieved  from  the  consequences  of  an 
act  which  was  not  his,  but  that  of  his  master.  He  is  therefore  eligible. 

No.  8.  It  is  not  fraud — in  any  necessary  sense — for  a  comrade  to  have  enlisted 
under  an  assumed  name.  If  he  received  an  honorable  discharge  he  is  eligible.  A 
post  admitting  such  comrade  with  a  full  knowledge  of  the  facts,  conveyed  by  his  own 
statement,  is  estopped  from  denying  the  validity  of  his  muster-in. 

No.  9.  Whenever  anything  is  to  be  done  or  refused  by  the  action  of  the  post,  by 
approval  of  the  post  or  by  order  of  the  post,  or  any  terms  of  similar  import,  the  term 
' '  post ' '  in  that  connection  means  a  legal  post  meeting,  where  a  majority  of  those 
present  and  voting  (a  constitutional  quorum  being  actually  in  session)  have  voted  in 
favor  of  or  against  a  proposition,  whatever  it  may  be. 

No.  10.  Comrades  cannot  be  dropped  because  of  non-payment  of  dues  other  than 
those  prescribed  by  section  3,  article  ; 3,  chapter  5  of  the  rules  and  regulations.  A 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  65 

post  may  appeal  from  and  reverse  the  decision  of  its  commander,  as  well  upon  a 
question  relative  to  the  rules  and  regulations  as  upon  questions  arising  upon  the 
proper  construction  of  the  by-laws  of  the  post. 

A  post  commander  may  refuse  to  entertain  a  motion,  believing  it  to  be  out  of 
order,  but  an  appeal  will  lie  from  his  decision. 

No.  ii.  "A"  was  regularly  elected  post  commander,  but  his  post  set  the  election 
aside,  and  thereupon  elected  "  B  "  who  was  installed  and  served  to  the  end  of  the 
term.  The  action  of  the  post  in  setting  aside  A's  election  was  erroneous,  but  under 
the  rule  de  facto  B  is  a  past  post  commander  and  entitled  to  the  honors  incident 
thereto. 

No.  12.  A  refusal  to  permit  a  comrade  to  introduce  testimony  tending  to  prove  a 
negative  of  the  principal  charges  and  specifications  upon  which  he  was  court-mar 
tialed  is  a  fatal  error,  which  cannot  be  cured,  and  the  decision  of  the  court  in  such 
case,  if  adverse  to  the  accused,  should  be  reversed. 

No.  13.  A  past  post  commander  was  tried  by  court-martial  upon  unsigned 
charges  and  specifications.  Held  that  the  court-martial  should  have  been  convened 
by  order  of  the  department  commander  ;  that  no  objection  being  taken  at  the  time  of 
trial  to  the  informality  of  the  charges  and  specifications,  the  defendant  is  estopped 
from  objecting  after  the  trial  is  concluded.  In  this  case,  however,  the  defendant  was 
not  served  with  a  copy  of  the  charges  and  specifications,  and  it  was  accordingly  held 
that  all  proceedings  connected  with  the  trial  were  void. 

No.  14.  An  officer  who  was  by  order  of  the  president  dishonorably  dismissed 
from  the  army,  and  whose  disability  to  re-enter  the  army  because  of  such  order  was 
removed  by  subsequent  order,  is  eligible  to  membership  in  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic. 

No.  15.  A  trial  and  conviction  by  court-martial  of  a  comrade,  however  unworthy 
he  may  be,  without  notice  or  without  direct  testimony  proving  or  tending  to  prove 
the  charges  and  specifications,  is  wholly  illegal  and  void. 

No.  1 6.  The  suspension  of  a  post  does  not  throw  out  of  membership  in  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  the  comrades  of  such  post,  and  they,  being  members,  are 
entitled  to  all  the  offices  and  honors  previously  earned.  If  any  one  of  such  members 
is  a  delegate  to  the  national  encampment,  member  of  the  council  of  administration,  or 
past  department  commander,  he  is  still  eligible  to  occupy  such  position,  notwith 
standing  the  suspension  of  his  post. 

No.  17.  A  soldier  was  honorably  discharged  for  promotion  ;  was  commissioned 
and  mustered  and  subsequently  dismissed ;  again  re-enlisted  (third  time),  and  after 
serving  his  term  was  honorably  discharged.  Held,  that  because  of  his  final  honor 
able  discharge  he  is  eligible  to  membership. 

No.  1 8.  A  past  post  commander  applied  for  and  received  an  honorable  discharge 
from  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  He  subsequently  re-entered  the  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic  in  another  post  and  claimed  the  right  to  sit  in  the  department  encamp 
ment  as  past  post  commander  of  the  post  from  which  he  received  his  discharge.  Held, 
that  he  was  not  entitled  to  the  honors  and  privileges  of  a  past  post  commander. 
NOTE. — See  opinion  No.  94,  December  5,  1878,  p.  128,  Opinions  of  the  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic. 

No.  19.  A  special  order  of  the  President  of  the  United  States,  directing  that  an 
officer  who  has  been  dishonorably  dismissed  from  the  service  of  the  United  States 
shall,  upon  the  receipt  of  a  new  commission  from  the  Governor  of  the  State  from 
which  his  regiment  came,  be  again  musterel  into  service  and  mustered  out  with  his 


66  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

regiment,  cures  the  disability  resulting  from  the  officer's  dismissal,  notwithstanding 
the  fact  that  before  the  new  commission  arrived  the  regiment  was  mustered  out. 

No.  20.  A  department  encampment  not  being  in  session,  an  appeal  from  an 
original  act  of  the  department  commander,  or  department  council  of  administration, 
may  be  made  direct  to  the  commander-in-chief. 

The  following  opinions  were  rendered  without  reference  to  the  judge-advocate- 
general: 

The  Woman's  Relief  Corps,  though  auxiliary  to  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic, 
is  yet  a  distinct  and  independent  organization,  and  not  subject  to  the  control  of  any 
department  or  post.  Any  attempt  by  a  post  to  exercise  affirmative  jurisdiction  over 
a  corps  is  without  authority.  Advisory  action  is  the  limit  of  both  duty  and 
authority. 

A  post  may  instruct  its  quartermaster  to  collect  the  dues  of  the  post  in  any  proper 
manner  which  may  be  deemed  necessary  for  the  best  interest  of  the  post. 

A  department  commander  may,  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  council  of 
administration,  annul  the  charter  of  a  post.  Sec.  4,  art.  i,  chap.  5,  Rules  and 
Regulations. 

The  subject  of  opinion  No.  6  requires  remark.  Suggestions  from  several  sources 
entitled  to  respect  were  made  to  headquarters  in  the  interest  of  comrades  residing  in 
the  Dominion  of  Canada,  who  desired  the  organization  of  posts  of  the  Grand  Army 
within  that  jurisdiction. 

Upon  examination  of  our  law  on  the  general  subject,  notwithstanding  the  prece 
dent  already  set  within  the  territory  of  the  King  of  the  Sandwich  Islands,  by  the  estab 
lishment  of  a  post  at  Honolulu,  I  was  not  clear  that  the  authority  was  sufficient.  It 
also  seemed  to  me  that  a  grave  question  of  policy  was  involved.  The  question 
of  authority  I  submitted  to  the  better  judgment  of  the  judge-advocate-general. 
His  affirmative  opinion  I  accept  as  resolving  all  doubts  in  that  respect,  but  the  ques 
tion  of  policy  remains  unsolved. 

I  have  taken  no  action,  believing  the  matter  to  be  of  sufficiently  grave  import  to 
entitle  you  to  make  the  decision. 

There  is  no  country  save  our  own  within  which  a  disbanded  army  yet  strong 
enough  for  conquest  could  be  permitted  to  band  itself  together  to  meet  in  secret  con 
clave,  and  to  pledge  obedience  to  its  own  laws.  Whether  the  organization  in  a 
foreign  country  of  an  integral  part  of  such  a  force — to  meet  under,  and  to  pledge 
undying  fealty  to,  the  flag  and  government  of  another  people — might  not  be  misun 
derstood,  and  excite  suspicion,  jealousy,  and  even  hostility,  seems  to  me  worthy  of 
consideration.  I  commend  to  you  the  suggestion  of  the  judge-advocate-general,  that 
a  committee  be  raised  to  prepare  a  simple  code  for  the  conduct  of  court-martial 
proceedings. 

In  the  absence  of  such  a  code  resort  is  had  for  guidance  to  the  analogies  of  the 
regular  military  tribunals,  and  since  for  our  purposes  there  is  no  right  of  compulsion, 
either  as  to  those  detailed  for  service  on  our  courts  or  in  the  matter  of  the  attendance 
of  witnesses,  it  is  easy  to  promote  delay,  expense,  and  the  failure  of  justice.  I  vent 
ure  one  specific  suggestion  :  .  instead  of,  as  now,  a  court  consisting  of  not  less  than 
five  nor  more  than  nine;  it  would  promote  economy  of  both  time  and  money,  and,  I 
believe,  not  endanger  justice,  to  reduce  the  number  to  not  less  than  three  nor  more 
than  five. 

OFFICIAL    VISITS. 

I  have  made  twenty  official  visits  during  the  year.  I  regret,  very  much  more 
than  I  can  express,  that  I  was  not  able  to  fulfill  an  earnest  wish,  with  which  I  began 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  67 

my  administration,  to  be  among  the  comrades  of  every  one  of  our  departments.  The 
fact  that  many  of  them  held  their  annual  encampments  on  the  same  day  hindered  me 
in  some  cases,  and  in  others,  where  I  had  agreed  to  be  present,  that  first  duty  we  owe 
to  our  household  when  sickness  assails  those  especially  dear,  was  the  sufficient  cause 
of  absence.  The  kindly,  loyal,  hearty  manner  with  which  comrades  everywhere 
received  me  was  a  source  of  great  gratification,  and  is  with  equal  heartiness  acknowl 
edged. 

WOMAN'S  RELIEF  CORPS. 

It  has  been  my  pleasure  during  the  past  year  to  meet  the  national  officers  of  the 
Woman's  Relief  Corps  at  Boston,  and  the  officers  of  a  number  of  its  departments. 
This  organization  has  passed  beyond  the  stage  of  mere  patronage  or  commendation. 
It  has  become  a  settled  auxiliary  and  recognized  agency  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  in  all  its  work  of  beneficence.  Its  fame,  whether  for  good  or  ill,  is  ours; 
and  the  proper  administration  of  its  trusts  and  the  accomplishment  of  its  helpful  aims 
are  to  us,  as  well  as  to  itself,  matter  of  proper  concern. 

Our  professions  and  pledges  have  gone  so  far  that  ' '  breach  of  promise  ' '  would 
lie  if  we  should  now  attempt  to  ignore  the  bargain  or  refuse  a  dutiful  performance  of 
conditions.  I  do  not  think  there  is  any  wish  to  do  this,  nor  cause  to  question  the  wis 
dom  of  our  past  course  toward  the  corps.  I  have  heard  good  of  it  from  all  quarters  ; 
evil  from  none.  Its  growth,  both  in  individual  membership  'and  subordinate  corps, 
continues  to  be  satisfactory. 

For  the  year  ending  March  3ist  last,  there  were  added  12,674  new  members  and  416 
corps,  making  an  aggregate  at  that  date  of  30,728  members  and  888  corps.  The 
expenditure  for  charity  during  but  three  quarters  of  the  past  year  was  (cash)  $15,000. 
How  large  a  work,  and  how  impossible  of  estimate  by  money  tokens,  is  done  by  this 
organization  outside  of  reported  expenditures  is  easier  to  understand  than  to  describe. 

I  am  glad,  in  this  connection,  to  find  the  opportunity  to  say  in  public  a  word  of 
explanation  with  respect  to  our  attitude  toward  other  organizations  of  women  who 
seek  to  be  useful  to  the  Grand  Army.  Reading  the  proclamation  of  the  President  of 
the  United  States,  setting  apart  a  day  of  public  thanksgiving  and  prayer,  and  recall 
ing  the  fact  that  there  was  no  national  recognition  of  that  day  until  our  arms  had  won 
for  all  a  nation's  place  and  name,  I  conceived  it  to  be  a  fit  occasion  on  which  to  com 
mend  to  our  fellow-citizens  at  large,  and  to  our  comrades  of  the  field  who  had  not  yet 
cast  their  lot  with  us,  the  organization,  the  purposes  and  aims  of  the  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic,  and  especially  the  motives  of  charity  and  mercy  which  so  largely 
enter  into  its  operations. 

In  executing  such  a  purpose  it  was  of  course  impossible  to  omit  mention  of  the 
Woman's  Relief  Corps.  Accordingly,  in  General  Orders,  No.  9,  dated  on  Thanksgiving 
Day  (Nov.  26,  1885),  I  addressed  them  "  as  the  only  recognized  auxiliary  of  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic."  This  particular  designation  brought  to  national  headquar 
ters  many  inquiries  and  responses — from  the  members  and  friends  of  the  corps  hearty 
thanks  ;  from  organizations  not  in  alliance  with  the  corps,  and  from  comrades  and 
posts  in  sympathy  with  them,  protests,  and  in  one  case  resolutions  requesting  that 
the  expression  to  which  I  have  alluded  be  withdrawn. 

To  those  who  have  or  will  give  attention  to  the  record  there  can  be  no  question 
that  the  national  encampment  has  given  its  recognition  to  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps, 
and  that  it  has  remained  silent  as  to  any  other  organization  ;  but  I  am  more  than 
glad  to  say  that  no  word  or  act  of  mine  has  been  intended  to  belittle  in  the  least  the 


68  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

work  and  will  of  any,  by  whatever  name  they  may  be  called,  who  for  love  of  our 
cause  have  become  to  us  sisters  of  mercy  and  of  charity. 

SONS   OF  VETERANS. 

Upon  due  consideration  of  a  report  made  at  Portland  by  a  committee  specially 
constituted  at  the  previous  annual  encampment  to  consider  our  relations  to  the  "Sons 
of  Veterans, "  it  was  resolved  to  repeal  all  action  giving  the  official  recognition  of 
the  national  encampment  to  that  organization  ;  nevertheless  the  interest  felt  was  evi 
denced  by  recommending  a  consolidation  of  all  their  branches  into  one  body,  and 
wishing  them  "God-speed  in  their  united  and  patriotic  labors." 

It  does  not  occur  to  me  that  there  was  mistake  in  this  action.  It  recognized 
the  ability  and  the  will  of  the  generation  we  ourselves  have  sent  to  the  front  to  do  the 
duty  of  patriotism,  and  it  gave  to  them  and  to  their  work  the  blessing  of  the  heart  of 
the  Grand  Army.  On  your  behalf  I  think  I  may  review  that  benediction.  It  has 
occurred  to  some  that  this  organization  of  "Sons  of  Veterans"  is  but  an  ideal — 
that  its  basis  is  sentiment  only,  and  that  it  might  well  be  dropped  out  of  our  material 
age  ;  but  within  a  recent  period  we  have  heard  a  voice  out  of  the  past  glorifying  to 
the  ear  and  commending,  by  all  the  motive  there  is  in  pride  and  resentment,  to  the 
heart  of  the  young  present,  not  the  memory  of  its  dead  and  living  servants  alone,  but 
the  cause  itself  over  which  we  seem  to  have  triumphed. 

To  the  protest  voiced  here  and  there  that  this  was  unseemly,  and  a  threat  against 
the  future  peace,  apologists  have  been  ready  with  the  soothing  answer  that  though 
the  crowds  were  great  and  the  shouts  were  loud,  it  was  only  sentiment.  But  senti 
ment  is  a  mainspring  of  human  action  ;  xinder  its  propulsion  faiths  have  trampled 
out  other  faiths,  and  wars  have  raged  to  the  destruction  of  their  millions  and  to  the 
pulling  down  of  nations.  We  repeat  it  whenever  our  ritual  is  rightly  said,  that 
"eternal  vigilance  is  the  price  of  liberty."  We  shall  be  none  the  less  content  to 
vacate  our  posts  if  as  we  fall  back  through  the  shadows  we  see  that  the  picket-line  is 
still  manned,  and  that  the  uniform  is  blue.  Let  us  continue  to  salute  our  sons  as  we 
pass  elong. 

VETERANS'   RIGHTS  UNION. 

It  was  the  will  of  the  last  national  encampment  that  the  objects  of  the  "Veterans' 
Rights  Union, "  as  then  existing  in  the  States  of  New  York  and  Pennsylvania,  be 
recognized  and  indorsed  to  the  fullest  extent,  and  the  various  departments  were  rec 
ommended  to  "  institute  and  perfect ' '  similar  organizations.  A  committee  was  also 
constituted  to  present  the  action  of  the  encampment  on  that  question  to  the  heads  of 
departments  at  Washington,  and  urge  observance  of  existing  law  giving  preference 
"for  appointments  to  civil  offices  "  "to  persons  honorably  discharged  from  the  mili 
tary  and  naval  service  by  reason  of  disability  resulting  from  wounds  or  sickness 
incurred  in  the  line  of  duty." 

The  committee  assembled  and  performed  its  duty.  The  commendatory  action  of 
the  encampment  was  duly  promulgated  by  general  order. 

As  to  what  may  have  resulted  from  this  action  I  have  no  official  knowledge.  I 
am  personally  aware  that  in  one  department  an  organization  has  been  effected.  That 
the  national  encampment  and  the  Grand  Army  at  large  is  responsible  for  whatever 
may  have  happened  since  its  indorsement  was  so  unreservedly  given,  and  for  what 
may  in  the  future  happen  through  the  instrumentality  of  the  union,  is  undoubtedly 
true  ;  this  every  comrade  should  understand. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  69 

The  situation  is  anomalous.  For  the  transaction  of  a  business  requiring  the 
greatest  possible  tact,  trenching  dangerously  near  to  the  line  of  partisan  interest, 
peculiarly  open  to  the  imputation  of  sordid  motive  and  end,  we  have  given  tne  loan 
of  our  great  name  and  greater  influence,  without  retaining  the  power  in  the  prosecu 
tion  of  the  ends  proposed  to  name  one  of  the  agents,  to  supervise  any  of  the  plans, 
to  call  for  a  report,  or  to  know  what  is  either  proposed  or  accomplished  either  for  or 
against  our  peace  or  honor. 

I  submit  it  to  you  that  there  ought  to  be  definition  and  determination  of  the 
extent  to  which  you  are  willing  to  stand  sponsor  for  the  union.  The  time  to  do 
this  is  before  there  shall  have  been  serious  complaint,  and  before  the  approaching 
political  contests  shall  be  joined,  into  which  our  enemies  will  wish  to  thrust  us,  and 
with  which  indiscreet  friends  will  be  sure  to  entangle  us  if  afforded  but  the  shadow 
of  an  opportunity. 

PENSIONS. 

Your  committee  on  pensions  will  on  their  own  behalf  make  report  upon  the  con 
dition  and  prospects  of  legislation  on  the  subject  with  which  they  are  charged. 

I  desire  to  acknowledge  the  ability  and  industry  with  which  they  have  dis 
charged  their  duties,  and  to  bear  witness  that  failure  thus  far  to  realize  all  of  our  just 
expectations  is  through  no  fault  or  neglect  of  theirs.  There  are  certain  general  mat 
ters  of  which  I  may  take  note  without  trenching  too  far  on  the  committee's  ground. 
Failure  to  accomplish  all  we  aim  for  seems  at  times  to  blot  out  the  memory  of  the 
great  things  worthy  of  our  country  that  have  been  done. 

We  are  citizens  as  well  as  veterans ;  we  are  sharers  in  the  responsibilities,  in  the 
glory,  in  the  shame,  if  shame  there  be,  as  well  as  in  the  benefits  that  may  flow  from 
wise  legislation  and  just  administration.  I  think  that,  in  spite  of  all  failures  we  may 
lament,  our  country  has  been  so  great  in  her  generous  justice  on  this  very  subject  of 
pensions,  that  it  is  due  we  acknowledge  it,  if  but  by  a  statement  on  our  records  of 
the  simple  aggregates  of  payment  made  and  the  number  of  the  beneficiaries. 

The  whole  number  of  persons  who,  on  account  of  the  war  of  the  rebellion,  have 
been  borne  upon  the  pension-rolls  in  the  period  from  1861  to  June  3,  1886,  is  561,881. 

The  whole  amount  paid  to  these  persons  during  that  period  is  $830,840,020.18. 

By  the  courtesy  of  comrade  Black,  commissioner  of  pensions,  I  am  able  to  state 
in  advance  of  the  general  publication  of  the  result  of  operations  for  the  period,  that 
for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1886,  there  were  issued  81,422  pension  certificates, 
that  for  the  month  of  June  alone  there  were  issued  10,375  certificates,  and  that  for 
the  same  fiscal  year  the  payments  were  $65,747,380. 

The  new  names  added  to  the  rolls  foot  up  43,166,  of  which  2,314  were  res 
toration. 

These  are  great  results,  and  whilst  they  in  no  wise  turn  us  aside  from  pursuing 
our  further  just  and  temperate  demands,  they  should  end  unjust  and  captious  criti 
cism,  whether  aimed  against  the  administration  of  the  law  or  the  law  itself. 

Our  last  encampment  renewed  its  recognition  of  the  value  to  our  comrades  of 
the  work  of  the  "Army  and  Navy  Survivors'  Division  of  the  Pension  Office, "  and 
directed  that  a  general  order  issue  explaining  the  nature  and  value  of  the  work  done, 
and  inviting  the  active  co-operation  of  all. 

General  Orders,  No.  5,  current  series,  was  issued  in  compliance  with  this  man 
date.  I  am  in  receipt  of  a  letter  from  the  commissioner,  which  will  be  printed  in  the 
report  of  the  adjutant-general,  which  states  that  no  more  than  seventy  per  cent  of 


70  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE. 

our  posts  have  yet  been  heard  from  on  this  subject,  and  urging  active  measures  to 
induce  the  delinquents  to  send  forward  their  lists.  Too  much  cannot  be  said  in  praise 
of  this  instrumentality.  The  name  and  post-office  address  of  over  700,000  ex-soldiers 
and  sailors  have  been  gathered  by  it  and  so  arranged  with  reference  to  service  and 
organization  as  to  be  at  the  call  of  any  inquirer.  To  quote  from  the  commissioner's 
letter:  "During  the  past  twelve  months  23,302  cases  have  been  supplied  with  lists  of 
officers  and  enlisted  men,  and  in  many  hundreds  of  these  the  whole  case  has  hinged 
upon  the  evidence  of  one  man,  and  we  frequently  find  that  the  one  missing  link  has 
been  waited  and  searched  for,  perhaps,  for  years."  For  the  benefit  of  applicants 
144,970  names  and  addresses  have  been  furnished  the  past  year. 

In  response  to  inquiries  sent  through  national  headquarters  more  than  1,300 
addresses  have  been  found  and  furnished.  I  have  several  times  visited  this  division 
of  the  pension  office  and  been  shown  the  proofs  that  again  and  again  the  meritorious 
cases  of  comrades  which  had  lain  for  years  undecided,  or  perhaps  rejected,  have  been 
rescued  from  abandonment  and  finally  allowed  through  resort  to  its  files. 

I  beg  to  impress  upon  the  encampment  that  every  name  furnished  is  a  good  work 
done,  and  that  the  neglect  of  any  post  to  do  this  easy  and  costless  duty  is  greatly  to 
be  regretted.  The  establishment  of  national  headquarters  at  Washington  naturally 
suggested  to  many  comrades,  whose  cases  were  delayed,  an  appeal  for  aid  to  the 
Commander-in-Chief ;  such  appeals  came  in  large  numbers,  and  they  were  laid  before 
the  comrade  commissioner  with  such  suggestion  or  request  as  seemed  right. 

I  have  pleasure  in  saying  that'all  such  cases  received  the  most  prompt  attention, 
for  which  my  obligations  are  due  and  heartily  tendered. 

You  will  allow  me  one  further  suggestion  on  this  general  subject :  We  strive 
with  all  good  faith  to  keep  a  wide  distance  between  all  our  Grand  Army  concerns  and 
partisan  political  action  or  alliances.  It  is  inevitable  that  whenever  we  interest 
ourselves  through  any  of  our  acknowledged  agencies  in  pending  or  proposed  legisla 
tion,  we  should  be  subjected  to  criticism,  and  by  the  thoughtless  or  malignant  charged 
with  violating  our  known  professions  on  that  subject.  Happily  we  have  thus  far 
escaped  giving  cause  for  just  complaint.  The  deliverances  of  the  national  encamp 
ment  and  the  efforts  of  its  committee  on  pensions  have  been  so  wholly  devoted  to  the 
carrying  into  effect  of  existing  law,  or  the  enactment  of  new  legislation  necessary  to 
mak'e  good  the  plain  bargain  that  there  should  be  indemnity  for  disability  incurred 
or  resulting  from  the  service,  and  so  free  from  any  appearance  of  seeming  to  set  a 
price  on  patriotism,  that  as  a  rule  the  good  faith  of  our  acts  and  purposes  has  been 
admitted. 

Heretofore  our  efforts  have  been  to  get  legislation  ;  we  are  threatened  now  with  a 
situation  that  compels  us  to  deprecate  some  that  is  proposed  professedly  in  our 
interest. 

In  view  of  the  large  sums  that  would  be  required  to  satisfy  measures  of  pension 
legislation — whose  passage  is  now  almost  assured — it  has  been  proposed  in  the  lower 
house  to  add  to  every  such  bill  a  taxing  clause  by  which  shall  be  raised  the  money 
necessary  to  discharge  the  debt  created.  The  source  from  which  this  unusual  propo 
sition  comes  makes  it  seem  serious. 

It  is  not  necessary  that  the  motive  of  the  proposal  be  at  all  called  in  question  ; 
presuming  it  to  be  patriotic  and  well  intended  it  is  all  the  more  to  be  watched  and 
defeated.  The  pension  committee,  perceiving  the  danger,  addressed  me  their  letter  of 
July  i,  1886,  to  which  I  gave  currency  in  General  Order,  No.  21,  current  series.  I 
think  it  a  fit  subject  for  the  action  of  the  encampment  by  way  of  petition  or  protest. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  71 

Such  a  policy  would  be  an  end  of  legislation.  It  would  call  into  activity  upon  every 
bill  for  the  benefit  of  pensioners,  or  those  who  should  be  pensioned,  the  antagonistic 
views  on  taxation  and  revenue  which  have  divided  the  economists  of  the  world  into 
hostile  camps  for  500  years,  and  which,  since  the  framing  of  our  constitution,  have 
been  the  chief  economic  differences  lying  at  the  root  of  party  politics  in  this  country  ; 
but  if  the  plan  could  succeed,  and  the  particular  property  of  our  fellow-citizens  on 
which  the  levies  in  our  favor  were  to  be  made  singled  out,  it  would  be  a  most  ungra 
cious  thing  to  do.  Why  set  the  veteran  at  a  side  table  whilst  all  his  fellow-citizens 
gather  at  an  unstinted  board?  Why  compel  each  taxpayer  to  know  just  what  he  con 
tributes  to  a  given  pension  fund,  and  arm  him,  if  unfriendly,  with  a  receipt  to  be 
flaunted  in  the  faces  of  beneficiaries  he  never  liked  ?  Why,  for  the  first  time  in  all 
our  history,  and  against  our  best  traditions,  create  a  class  by  law,  and  why  make  the 
maimed  bodies  and  unwelcome  necessities  of  our  unfortunate  comrades  the  text  for 
political  discourse,  whether  by  demagogue  or  statesman. 

Self-respect  will  justify  a  sturdy  protest,  and  our  united  voice  will  win  attention. 

MEMORIAL   DAY. 

The  occurrence,  the  present  year,  of  Memorial  Day  on  the  first  day  of  the  weekr 
commonly  called  Sunday,  brought  to  the  national  headquarters  many  complaints 
against  the  provision  of  our  rules  which  in  such  cases  prescribe  that  our  observances 
shall  take  place  on  the  following  Monday,  ' '  except  where  by  legal  enactment  the 
preceding  day  is  made  a  legal  holiday. ' '  There  was  a  very  general  though  not  unan 
imous  wish  expressed  that  Saturday  be  made  the  day  of  observance.  In  some  local 
ities  Saturday  was  observed,  notwithstanding  the  rule  to  the  contrary,  and  in  a  few 
cases — against  the  clear  letter  of  our  law  and  to  the  disquiet  of  many  comrades  and 
friends — posts  held  their  services  on  Sunday.  We  shall  all  agree  that  nothing  should 
be  left  undone  to  insure  the  most  harmonious  and  perfect  discharge  of  the  duties  of 
that  day.  To  me,  and  I  believe  to  many  of  you,  and  to  a  vast  throng  of  our  fellow- 
citizens,  it  will  seem  that  there  is  not  a  purpose  or  thing  connected  with  the  ceremo 
nial  doings  of  Memorial  Day  that  is  not  in  tune  with  the  highest  ideals  of  the 
Sabbath  entertained  either  by  the  reasonable  Christian  or  the  eager  devotee ;  but 
there  is  a  minority  of  our  most  sincere  friends  to  whom  any  departure  from  the  old 
paths  seems  a  cause  of  stumbling  and  offense,  and  for  their  sakes,  as  well  as  out  of 
respectful  deference  and  gratitude  to  those  austerely  just  men  who,  with  the  Puritan 
Sabbath,  gave  us  as  well  the  liberty  of  law  as  distinguished  from  the  liberty  of 
anarchy,  we  can  find  it  an  agreeable  duty  to  so  amend  our  law  as  that  neither  the 
observances  themselves  nor  preparation  for  them  shall  trench  on  the  Lord's  day. 
Amendments  to  our  rules  which  will  accomplish  this  end  have  been  duly  proposed. 
I  commend  them  for  favorable  action. 

It  is  my  most  grateful  task  now  to  report  that  never  since  the  happy  inspiration 
came  upon  the  Grand  Army  to  set  apart  a  day  for  the  honor  ,of  our  dead  comrades 
has  Memorial  Day  been  so  fully,  so  heartily,  and  so  reverently  observed  as  upon  the 
occasion  of  its  latest  celebration .  In  all  places  in  the  always  loyal  States  where  the 
dust  of  our  dead  is  gathered,  there  came  the  tread  of  their  comrades  to  testify  their 
undying  fraternity  ;  and  there  came  as  well  the  throng  of  fellow-citizens,  the  old  who 
remembered  the  strife  and  the  young  who  had  learned  its  lessons,  to  signify  for  them 
selves  and  for  their  country  their  sense  of  the  service  done.  In  the  earlier  days  we 
anxiously  asked  each  other  the  question,  whether  this  ceremonial  would  outlast  the 
Grand  Army ;  whether,  when  none  of  the  veteran  hosts  were  left  to  lead  the  column 


72  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

to  the  tombs,  there  would  be  any  to  take  up  the  march  ?  I  think  the  manifestly 
growing  interest  exhibited  from  year  to  year  justifies  the  belief  that  another  holiday 
has  been  permanently  added  to  the  calendar,  and  that  so  long  as  men  love  liberty  the 
song  of  the  birds  in  spring  shall  be  summons  to  this  nation  to  gather  the  flowers  and 
bestow  them  in  blessing  on  the  graves  of  our  dead. 

IN    MEMORIAM. 

During  the  past  year  the  Great  Reaper  has  gathered  from  our  Grand  Army  field 
3,020  comrades  and  veterans  because  of  that  relation  of  fraternity  which  binds 
each  to  the  other  and  all  to  each,  and  so  forms  the  brotherhood  which  is  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic,  the  vacant  place  of  him,  unknown  beyond  his  squad  in  war 
and  nameles  outside  of  the  village  limit  where  he  died,  leaves  as  great  a  rent  in  our 
dissolving  ranks  as  does  the  departure  of  that  few — each  from  his  place — for  whom 
all  bells  give  forth  their  muffled  sound,  and  whose  names  are  on  all  men's  lips. 
Assembled  in  national  encampment,  and  representing  all  who  live,  I  know  that  you 
will  lend  me  your  hearts  and  bid  me  speak  from  them  a  farewell  salutation  to  such, 
and  all  who,  since  we  last  assembled,  have  taken  shelter  in 

Those  low  green  tents  . 

Whose  curtains  nevet  outward  swing. 

But  we  have  our  prides,  and  it  is  our  pleasure  to  testify  our  respect,  our  admira 
tion,  and  our  veneration  for  some  special  names  who  were  comrades  of  the  field  or  are 
bound  to  us  by  the  ties  of  this  great  association. 

The  second  general  order  which  it  fell  to  my  lot  to  issue  announced  the  death  of 
Past  Commander-in-Chief,  the- Rev.  William  Earnshaw.  He  was  the  seventh  in  the 
order  of  election  and  service  of  your  Commanders-in-Chief ;  he  is  the  third  to  be 
called  away.  It  was  not  my  pleasure  to  know  him  personally,  but  from  those  who 
had  associations  with  him  the  verdict  is  that  he  was  a  just  man  and  true,  who,  serving 
God  in  His  ministry,  selected  a  field  of  labor  which  brought  him  among  his  less  for 
tunate  comrades,  and  that  with  all  faithfulness  he  sought  their  happiness  whilst  liv 
ing,  and  with  equal  devotion  consoled  their  dying  hour.  It  will  be  the  duty  and 
pleasure  of  the  encampment  to  give  proper  expression  to  our  regrets  for  the  loss  of 
this  comrade. 

M'CLEUvAN,    HANCOCK,    GRANT. 

The  year  has  been  singular  for  its  closing  of  great  accounts.  Of  the  command 
ers  of  the  matchless  Army  of  the  Potomac  all  now  are  gone.  It  is  yet  a  great  host. 
It  is  a  host  on  either  side  of  the  star-lit  line,  but  the  standards  of  the  leaders  are  all 
beyond.  Last  of  all  to  sheathe  his  sword  at  the  call  of  the  "All-Conqueror  "  was 
him  who  shaped  its  first  rude  mass  into  that  finished  blade  which,  though  sometimes 
beat  down,  yet  never  lost  its  edge  or  temper,  and  under  whose  blow  at  last  the  great 
est  of  the  leaders  and  of  the  armies  of  the  rebellion  submitted  to  the  mercy  of  their 
outraged  country.  I  shall  do  the  greatest  honor  of  which  I  am  capable  to  the  memory 
of  our  comrade,  George  B.  McClellan,  if  I  but  remind  you  that  they  who  composed 
the  armies  he  commanded  through  success  and  in  adversity  loved  his  person,  believed 
in  his  patriotism,  and  trusted  his  leadership. 

I  may  mention  another  of  this  year's  harvest.  He  was  not  one  of  the  command 
ers  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  but  he  was  the  soldier  whose  presence  told  his  com 
rades  that  more  than  the  knightly  glories  of  ancient  days  lived  again  to  lead  their 
column.  He  was  the  right  arm,  the  flaming  sword,  the  first  and  last  reliance  in 
every  supreme  hour  of  those  who  did  command. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  73 

If  in  that  far-off  future  of  prophetic  promise,  when  ' '  wars  shall  be  no  more, ' ' 
when  all  the  long  past  shall  be  forgot  or  seem  to  be  only  fable,  some  Phydias  of  his 
day  shall  seek  to  fashion  from  the  marble  the  very  armor  of  a  warrior  soul,  to  show 
his  fellows  in  the  speaking  stone  the  very  front  and  mien  of  battle,  his  inspired  hand 
will  chisel  out  the  face  and  form  of  Winfield  Scott  Hancock. 

In  the  first  hour  of  the  encampment  assembling  at  Portland,  your  eager  hearts 
dictated  the  dispatch  of  words  of  profound  sympathy  to  our  suffering  and  dying  com 
rade,  Ulysses  S.  Grant,  the  late  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  armies  of  the  United 
States.  Before  another  month  passed  by  he  had  joined  the  company  of  the  dead,  by 
whom  the  door  of  life  is  opened,  and  his  name  was  shining  on  the  roll  of  the  immor 
tals  which  the  thanks  of  the  rescued,  the  homage  of  all  who  love  liberty,  and  the 
gratitude  of  an  unbroken  country  had  rendered  fadeless  forever. 

How  grand  the  concourse,  how  unmatched  the  throng,  how  worthy  of  him  and  of 
his  country  was  that  funeral  train  which  bore  his  body  to  the  place  of  rest,  some  of 
you  saw  and  all  have  heard. 

It  seemed  to  me  that  I  might  well  on  that  occasion,  in  company  with  the  national 
staff,  take  place  officially  at  the  head  of  such  departments  and  comrades  as  might 
assemble. 

Accordingly,  the  banner  which  symbolizes  the  authority  of  the  national  encamp 
ment,  draped  for  a  comrade  as  well  as  for  the  greatest  and  best-loved  soldier  and  citi 
zen  of  his  age,  was  carried  at  the  front  of  your  column  on  that  memorable  day. 

The  position  assigned  to  the  Grand  Army  in  the  line  of  march  was  most  honor 
able,  and  at  its  close  it  was  our  happiness  to  hear  pronounced  by  the  comrades  of  Post 
No.  i,  of  Philadelphia,  of  which  he  was  a  member,  those  last  farewells  contained  in 
our  simple  ritual  for  the  dead. 

GRANT   MEMORIAL,   FUND. 

There  is  no  testimony  to  the  strengthening  force  of  our  institutions  upon  the 
self-reliant,  self-respecting  individuality  of  the  citizen  greater  than  that  evidenced  by 
voluntary  association,  and  some  measure  of  proud  self-sacrifice  for  the  accomplish 
ment  of  purposes  dear  to  him,  which  in  other  lands  would  be  considered  the  sole  duty 
of  the  State.  Individual  gratitude,  State  pride,  and  national  honor  have  combined 
through  all  the  ages,  in  lands  Christian  and  Pagan,  to  set  up,  but  by  the  hand  of 
authority,  mementoes  of  their  heroes  dead. 

The  mounds  of  mother  earth,  heaped  and  shaped  by  the  toil  of  men,  which  here 
and  there  dot  our  land,  testify  that  the  myriad  feet  who  trod  our  shores  in  the  ages  all 
forgot  felt  this  inspiration.  There  is  no  more  touching  melody  in  bronze  than  that 
statue  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  with  its  hand  stretched  out  in  blessing  over  the  head  of 
a  kneeling  slave,  from  whom  the  shackles  have  just  fallen  off,  paid  for  out  of  the  first 
money  earned  by  the  emancipated  race. 

The  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  by  its  contributions,  have  erected 
to  their  best-loved  leader,  Gen.  Geo.  H.  Thomas,  an  equestrian  statue  at  the  cost  of 
$50,000. 

To  Gen.  James  B.  McPherson  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  has 
raised  a  like  memorial  at  the  cost  of  $23,500. 

Upon  the  death  of  our  comrade  Grant,  the  noble  spirit  of  commemoration  was 
evoked  in  many  parts  of  our  land.  In  several  jurisdictions  municipal  and  individual 
efforts  were  put  forth  to  obtain  the  means  necessary  for  raising  some  token  of  admi 
ration  and  gratitude.  At  the  place  of  his  interment  proposals  for  a  monument,  grand 


74  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

and  costly,  were  put  forth,  and  an  association  was  organized  for  prosecuting  the  work 
of  collection. 

It  seemed  to  many  of  our  discreet  comrades,  as  it  did  to  me,  that  over  and  above 
any  other  association  of  citizens  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  would  find  it  in  its 
heart  and  in  accord  with  its  just  pride  and  purpose,  on  behalf  of  its  individual  mem 
bership,  and  on  behalf  of  its  organized  whole,  to  set  up  at  the  national  capital,  where 
resides  the  majesty  of  the  whole  people,  a  memorial  of  Grant  that  should  be  worthy 
of  him  and  worthy  of  themselves,  and  that  should  thus  weave  together  in  death  the 
fame  they  together  won  in  life. 

I  accordingly,  on  the  i4th  day  of  September,  1885,  issued  circular  No.  i,  invit 
ing,  in  terms  that  are  familiar  to  you,  the  co-operation  of  my  comrades  for  the  end 
proposed.  At  its  first  meeting  the  executive  committee  of  the  council  of  adminis 
tration  gave  the  proposed  plan  its  approval.  Not  without  a  feeling  .of  regret,  I  was 
soon  made  aware  that  in  some  quarters  it  was  felt  that  this  movement  might  be 
detrimental  to  the  success  of  other  wishes  and  purposes.  I  thought  the  Grand  Army 
could  wait,  withholding  all  occasion  for  offense.  Except,  therefore,  the  distribution 
of  blank  lists  for  the  record  of  the  names  of  contributing  comrades,  no  special  efforts 
have  been  made  to  collect  the  fund;  but,  notwithstanding,  31  departments  have  con 
tributed  $4,627.86.  This,  though  not  great  in  amount,  is  a  noble  beginning  for  a 
noble  purpose.  Best  of  all,  it  is  the  heart  offering  of  30,852  comrades,  whose  feet 
know  the  roads  over  which  he  led  them  to  victory,  and  whose  hearts  were  sore  when 
he  died.  Your  attention  is  invited  to  the  statement  of  the  account  as  furnished  by 
the  quartermaster-general. 

There  is  no  reason  now,  substantial  or  sentimental,  why  the  proposed  work 
should  not  go  forward.  I  have  it  from  the  lips  of  his  oldest  born  that  the  proposal 
meets  the  hearty  concurrence  of  those  who  in  life  were  nearest  and  dearest  to  him. 
There  are  no  encumbrances  of  plan  or  method  to  stand  in  the  way  of  this  national 
encampment  taking  and  molding  the  work  to  its  will.  To  that  end  I  refrained  from 
appointing  the  committee  proposed  in  the  circular  to  determine  upon  plan  and  place 
and  methods. 

We  applaud  the  fitness  of  the  work  of  the  Societies  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee 
and  the  Cumberland  in  doing  honor  to  themselves  by  honoring  their  McPherson  and 
Thomas.  The  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  the  great  whole  of  all  the  conquering 
host,  can  find  nowhere  on  the  roll  of  fame  a  name  fit  for  their  garland  save  only  his 
who  commanded  all,  and  to  whom  at  last  came  the  homage  of  every  heart. 

Out  of  your  surplus  fund  you  could  well  add  to  the  good  beginning  already 
made,  and  thus  send  out  with  your  invitation  for  renewed  efforts  by  the  posts  the 
proofs  of  hearty  co-operation. 

I  commend  this  work  of  love  to  you. 

Comrades,  it  is  no  small  thing  to  have  stood  by  your  choice  at  the  head  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  Unique  in  conception,  illustrious  in  achievement — 
the  breath  of  patriotism,  the  color-guard  of  liberty,  and  the  very  bulwark  of  equality 
and  law — no  history  of  this  great  age  will  be  complete  without  large  space  devoted 
to  the  elucidation  of  the  lesson  the  mere  existence  of  such  an  institution  teaches.  I 
have  not  been  able  to  add  aught  to  its  glory,  but  by  your  help  I  have  successfully 
striven  to  maintain  it  in  its  high  place;  its  standards  have  not  been  lowered. 

All  as  God  wills,  a  little  more  than  one  hundred  years  ago,  on  these  plains  and  in 
these  valleys,  the  devoted  servants  of  the  martyr  church  gathered  the  thronging 
natives  under  consecrated  domes,  made  on  them  the  sacred  sign,  and  taught  their  feet 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  75 

to  inarch  in  tune  with  the  vesper  bells.  They  drank  the  wine  of  gladness  from  vines 
they  had  taught  their  dark-skinned  Neophytes  to  dress,  they  voiced  their  thanks 
givings  to  the  Most  High,  that,  as  they  thought,  they  had  added  another  to  the 
Christian  peoples  who  should  forever  "walk  before  the  Lord."  We  know  they  on]y 
taught  the  tribes  to  sing  their  funeral  song  and  shrived  a  people  for  its  burial.  The 
requiem  was  not  quite  sung  out  when  the  purpose  which  sought  to  wrest  from  Mexico 
territory  fit  for  the  empire  of  slavery  began  to  take  shape.  Its  hope  and  expectation 
were  fixed  upon  this  shore  as  well  as  upon  the  Rio  Grande  ;  but  out  of  the  shining 
sands,  out  of  its  hiding-place,  since  ever  nature  gave  it  birth,  sprang  the  gleam  and 
the  lure  of  the  gold,  and  the  rushing  feet  of  freemen  trampled  out  alike  the  remnant 
of  the  ancient  race  and  domination,  and  broke  in  fragments  the  conspiracy  against 
liberty.  The  victory  of  the  men  of  1848-49,  which  gave  to  California  the  status  of  a 
free  State,  set  in  full  play  those  antagonisms  which  made  Abraham  Lincoln  President 
of  these  United  States,  called  Grant  and  Sherman,  and  all  the  grand  company  whose 
remnant  we  are,  to  do  battle  for  their  country,  and  sent  the  echo  of  the  song  of  freedom 
from  4,000,000  of  mouths  to  gladden  all  the  winds  that  blow. 

Hail,  California !  It  was  not  ordained  that  thy  cloudless  skies  should  mirror 
from  valley,  field,  or  mine  the  toiler  under  the  lash,  but  that  thy  sun  should  kiss  for 
ever  only  the  daughters  of  the  free.  We  who  were  the  hand  of  Providence  to  make 
sure  this  great  consummation,  standing  within  your  gates  and  catching  the  notes  of 
your  gladness,  will  sing  together  our  country's  anthem,  and  believe  that  its  echo  shall 
be  as  fadeless  as  those  imperial  dyes  which  gild  your  mountain-tops. 


THE   COMMITTEES    OF  THE   ENCAMPMENT   WERE   ANNOUNCED   AS   EOLLOWS  : 

The  committee  on  resolutions  was  appointed  as  follows  :  Henry  B.  Peirce, 
Massachusetts;  John  Vaughn,  Arkansas;  Stuart  Taylor,  California;  E.  H.  Webb, 
Colorado  ;  W.  A.  Simons,  Connecticut ;  E.  L.  Wells,  Dakota  ;  W.  S.  McNair,  Dela 
ware  ;  E.  W.  Henck,  Florida  ;  Jesse  E.  Scott,  Gulf;  J.  G.  Everest,  Illinois  ;  T.  W. 
Bennett,  Indiana";  Samuel  Cooper,  Iowa ;  M.  Stewart,  Kansas  ;  D.  O'Reilly,  Ken 
tucky  ;  E.  M.  Shaw,  Maine ;  Robert  N.  Scarlett,  Maryland  ;  Oscar  A.  Jones,  Mich 
igan  ;  Albert  Scheffer,  Minnesota ;  W.  J.  Terrell,  Missouri  ;  W.  F.  Sanders,  Montana  ; 
B.  F.  Smith,  Nebraska;  Daniel  M.  White,  New  Hampshire  ;  George  B.  Fielder,  New 
Jersey;  E.  S.  Stover,  New  Mexico  ;  G.  S.  Conger,  New  York ;  L.  D.  Woodworth, 
Ohio ;  G.  E.  Caukins,  Oregon  ;  J.  P.  S.  Gobin,  Pennsylvania  ;  Daniel  A.  Grosvenor, 
Potomac  ;  Henry  R.  Barker,  Rhode  Island ;  James  Chamberlin,  Tennessee  and 
Georgia;  O.  T.  Lyon,  Texas;  Eli  H.  Murray,  Utah  ;  Henry  Ballard,  Wisconsin ; 
Charles  E.  Hewins,  Virginia  ;  A.  M.  Brooks,  Wyoming  Territory  ;  J.  S.  Ruhle,  West 
Virginia  ;  E.  B.  Gray,  Wisconsin. 

Following  is  the  committee  on  credentials:  John  Cameron,  adjutant-general; 
H.  E.  Tainter,  Connecticut;  H.  G.  Hicks,  Minnesota;  S.  W.  Lane,  Maine;  John  C. 
Linehan,  New  Hampshire. 

The  committee  on  commander-in-chief 's  address  is  as  follows:  Lucius  Fair- 
child,  Wisconsin;  G.  W.  F.  Vernon,  Maryland;  Thos.  C.  Fullerton,  Illinois  ;  David 
N.  Foster,  Indiana  ;  John  P.  Rea,  Minnesota. 

The  committee  on  adjutant-general's  report  is  r  Thos.  J.  Stewart,  Pennsyl 
vania  ;  L.  B.  Hill,  Maine ;  O.  F.  Lockhead,  Michigan  ;  A.  C.  Monroe,  Massachusetts; 
H.  P.  Thompson,  Illinois. 


76  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

On  judge-ad vocate-general's  report  the  committee  is  as  follows  :  Geo.  S.  Mer 
rill,  Massachusetts  ;  A.  J.  Sampson,  Colorado  ;  Chas.  D.  Long,  Michigan  ;  Chas.  A. 
Orr,  New  York  ;  Thos.  Boles,  Arkansas. 

The  committee  on  inspector-general's  report  is  composed  of:  S.  P.  Ford,  Cali 
fornia  ;  C.  E.  Whitsitt,  Indiana;  W.  H.  Webster,  Potomac;  Charles  M.  Holton, 
Washington  Territory  ;  J.  R.  Van  Syckel,  New  Jersey. 

The  committee  on  quartermaster-general's  report  is  :  S.  B.  Jones,  Nebraska  ; 
George  B.  Creamer,  Maryland  ;  George  W.  King,  Delaware  ;  E.  H.  Sawyer,  Colorado  ; 
Phil.  Cheek,  Jr.,  Wisconsin. 

The  committee  on  rules,  regulations  and  ritual  is  as  follows  :  R.  B.  Beath, 
Pennsylvania  ;  D.  R.  Austin,  Ohio  ;  C.  C.  Royce,  Potomac  ;  N.  P.  Chipman,  Califor 
nia  ;  John  McNeil,  Missouri. 

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S   REPORT. 

John  Cameron,  adjutant-general,  reported  as  follows:  On  March  31,  1886,  38 
departments  reported  5,765  posts  and  295,337  members  in  good  standing,  a  net  gain 
for  the  year  of  739  posts  and  25,643  members. 

The  following  shows  the  strength  of  the  several  departments,  and  the  gains  of 
each  in  posts  and  membership  between  March  31,  1885,  and  March  31,  1886 : 

Members  in  good  standing  March  31,  1885,  269,694;  gained  by  muster,  60,663; 
gained  by  transfer,  6,194  ;  gained  by  reinstatement,  26,282;  gained  by  delinquent 
reports,  9,047,  Total  gain,  102,186.  Aggregate,  371,880. 

Loss  by  death,  3,020;  loss  by  honorable  discharge,  2,235;  loss  by  dishonorable 
discharge,  483;  loss  by  transfer,  8,510;  loss  by  suspension,  54,146;  loss  by  delin 
quent  reports,  8,149.  Total  loss,  76,543.  Members  in  good  standing  March  31, 
1886,  295,337. 

Total  number  remaining  suspended,  27,412  ;  total  number  by  delinquent  reports, 
3,750;  number  of  posts  reported  March  31,  1885,  5,026;  number  of  posts  reported 
March  31,  1886,  5,765  ;  net  gain  in  membership  during  the  year  (in  good  standing), 
25,643  ;  net  gain  in  posts  during  the  year,  739. 

The  following  shows  the  amount  reported  as  expended  by  each  department  dur 
ing  the  past  year : 

Arkansas,  $429.90;  -California,  $2,541.87;  Colorado,  $2,087.34;  Connecticut, 
$5,111.19;  Dakota,  $860.93;  Delaware,  $220.67;  Florida,  $45.50;  Gulf,  $105.50; 
Illinois,  $5,567.30;  Indiana,  $4,129.66;  Iowa,  $2,638.05;  Kansas,  $6,174.34;  Ken 
tucky,  -  — ;  Maine,  $3,918.58;  Massachusetts,  $37,091.92;  Maryland,  $1,723.05; 
Michigan,  $5,005.95;  Minnesota,  $2,366.87;  Missouri,  $2,231.03;  Montana,  $249.10; 
Nebraska,  $1,378.74;  New  Hampshire,  $4,298.78;  New  Jersey,  $5,582.26;  New 
Mexico,  $177.05;  New  York,  $33,518.17;  Ohio,  $10,102.64;  Oregon,  $387.55  ;  Penn 
sylvania,  $30,086.10;  Potomac,  $1,303.76;  Rhode  Island,  $946.08;  Tennessee  and 
Georgia,  $95.60;  Texas,  $43.05  ;  Utah,  $347.20;  Vermont,  $973.37  ;  Virginia,  $144.55  ; 
Washington  Territory,  $369.35  ;  West  Virginia,  $298.02  ;  Wisconsin,  $3,708.85.  Total, 
$176,259.87.  Total  amount  disbursed  July,  1871,  to  March  31,  1886,  $1,173,688.60. 

QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL'S  REPORT. 

The  usual  reports  of  the  quartermaster-general,  inspector-general,  and  judge- 
advocate-general  were  presented  and  referred  to  their  appropriate  committees.  The 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  RE  PUB. 

address  of  the  Comtnander-in-Chief  covers  most  of  the  important  points  in  the  two 
first  named.  That  of  Judge-advocate-general  Grosvenor  contains  a  number  of  very 
important  decisions  affecting  the  interests  of  the  Grand  Army.  Several  of  them 
involve  questions  of  court-martial,  and  among  his  recommendations  was  the  fol 
lowing  : 

I  think  it  would  be  well  if  some  system  were  adopted  regulating  the  whole 
subject  of  charges  and  specifications  and  trials  by  court-martial,  a  system  which 
would  be  of  uniform  operation  throughout  all  the  departments.  As  the  matter  stands 
now,  each  department  seems  to  regulate  these  matters  in  its  own  way,  and,  as  a 
result,  some  incongruity  and  certain  inconsistencies  have  grown  up.  It  might  be 
well  to  have  a  committee  of  the  national  encampment  appointed  to  prepare  and 
submit  at  the  next  annual  encampment  a  brief,  simple,  and  easily  understood  pro 
cedure.  Especially  is  this  matter  important  to  define  the  jurisdiction  of  the  several 
authorities  authorized  by  the  rules  and  regulations  to  order  prosecutions  and  trials 
by  court-martial. 

Corporal  Tanner,  of  New  York,  obtained  the  floor  by  unanimous  consent,  and 
said  :  I  hold  in  my  hand  a  letter  from  Colonel  Fred  D.  Grant,  containing  a  request  to 
this  encampment  that  he  be  allowed  to  become  a  member  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic.  The  letter  is  as  follows  : 

ELBERON,  N.  J.,  July  25,  1886. 
Dear  Corporal  Tanner:  Your  letter  asking  me  to  give  you  data  has  been  received. 

I  was  with  my  father  when  he  assumed  command  of  the  Twenty-first  Illinois 
Infantry  in  1861  at  Springfield.  I  went  with  him  when  he  marched  across  the  State, 
and  I  am  a  member  of  the  Twenty-first  Illinois  Veteran  Association  in  my  own  right. 
I  returned  home  soon  after  the  Twenty-first  entered  the  State  of  Missouri,  and 
rejoined  General  Grant  at  Cairo,  going  with  him  upon  the  Forts  Henry  and  Donelson 
campaign.  I  was  sent  home  before  the  fall  of  Fort  Donelson,  and  so  prevented  from 
being  under  fire. 

The  next  place  where  I  joined  my  father  was  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and  I  went 
with  him  to  Corinth,  Miss.,  where  he  assumed  the  command  of  the  Department  of 
West  Tennessee,  Halleck  having  been  made  general-in-chief.  I  remained  with  Gen 
eral  Grant  until  the  fall  of  1862,  when  I  returned  home. 

In  the  spring  of  1863  I  joined  the  army  again,  at  Young's  Point  and  Milliken's, 
Louisiana.  I  accompanied  my  father,  acting  as  aide-de-camp,  during  the  Vicksburg 
campaign,  participating  in  the  battles  of  the  campaign,  including  the  naval  battle  at 
Grand  Gulf,  fought  April  29,  1863.  I  was  slightly  wounded  in  the  left  thigh  at  the 
battle  of  Black  River  Bridge,  May  17,  1863.  I  was  with  the  army  during  both  the 
assaults  made  on  Vicksburg,  and  I  believe  both  General  Sherman  and  General  Logan 
remember  having  seen  me  there.  I  am  and  have  been  for  some  years  a  member  of  the 
Association  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee.  My  membership  is  in  my  own  right  — 
not  inherited — and  no  one  but  an  officer  who  served  with  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee 
can  be  a  member  of  that  association. 

Upon  the  8th  of  July,  1863,  I  was  sent  north  by  my  father  on  account  of  an  ill 
ness  brought  on  by  exposure  and  an  injury  received  during  the  campaign.  General 
Grant  obtained  a  leave  of  absence  because  of  my  illness  in  January,  1864,  and  went 
to  St.  Louis,  expecting  to  find  me,  as  was  the  case,  at  death's  door.  (See  page  no, 
volume  II,  "  Personal  Memoirs  of  U.  S.  Grant.") 

I  rejoined  my  father  again,  upon  my  recovering,  at  Nashville,  and  accompanied 
him  to  Washington,  when  he  was  made  lieutenant-general.  I  did  not  stay  with  the 
army  during  the  Wilderness  campaign,  but  was  with  it  during  the  siege  of  Richmond 
and  Petersburg  a  great  deal  of  the  time.  I  was  never  in  any  great  battle  with  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  but  was  under  fire  with  it  many  times  between  June  15,  1864, 
and  April  3,  1865. 

I  do  not  assume  great  credit  for  'services  during  the  war,  although  I  gladly  did 
all  that  was  possible  for  one  of  my  years,  and  that  with  my  father's  sanction.  I  a^i 


78  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

willing  and  glad  to  refer  to  these  services  upon  my  father's  staff,  if  my  so  doing  will 
enable  me  to  join  an  organization  which  I  honor,  composed  of  the  veterans  who, 
under  the  directions  of  General  Grant,  brought  peace  to  a  continent  and  freedom  to 
an  enslaved  race. 

My  father  took  a  just  pride  in  his  old  soldier  comrades,  and  his  son  earnestly 
hopes  to  be  recognized  as  one  of  them.  Sincerely  yours, 

F.  D.  GRANT. 

The  communication  was  referred  to  the  committee  on  rules  and  regulations. 
The  encampment  then  took  a  recess  until  2  p.  M. 

AFTERNOON  SESSION. 

The  encampment  reasembled  at  three  o'clock. 

The  committee  on  credentials  presented  a  report  with  a  resolution  recommend 
ing  :  That  all  delegates  elected  by  the  department  councils  of  administration  to  fill 
vacancies  be  declared  null  and  void  and  that  only  those  delegates  and  alternates 
elected  at  the  regular  meetings  of  the  department  encampments  be  entitled  to  seats. 
The  report  was  signed  by  Adjutant- General  Cameron,  Taintor,  of  Connecticut,  Lane  of 
Maine,  and  L,inehan,  of  New  Hampshire.  Hicks,  of  Minnesota,  had  refused  to  sign 
the  report,  and  when  the  motion  came  up  he  made  a  vehement  protest  against  it,  as 
an  injustice  to  many  departments,  some  of  whose  delegates  had  been  elected  by  the 
councils  of  administration,  and  had  come  to  the  encampment  at  great  expense,  expect 
ing  to  have  seats  and  votes  therein.  He  was  followed  by  Conger,  of  Ohio,  Palmer,  of 
New  York,  and  Rea,  of  Minnesota.  Then  Taintor,  a  member  of  the  committee,  made 
a  vigorous  and  able  argument  in  favor  of  the  report.  Fish,  of  Minnesota,  entered  the 
protest  of  his  department  against  the  measure.  It  cropped  out  that  the  whole  trouble 
arose  with  the  New  York  delegation,  which  is  divided.  It  seems  that  several  of  the 
alternates  duly  elected  at  the  department  encampment  came  to  San  Francisco  expect 
ing  to  have  seats,  but  found  that  the  places  of  absent  delegates  had  been  filled  bv  new 
elections.  Comrade  Tanner,  of  New  York,  made  a  pungent  argument  in  favor  of  the 
report,  and  was  followed  by  Commander  Sayles  of  the  same  department,  who  was  just 
as  earnest  in  his  opposition.  Chipman,  of  California,  who  is  past  judge-advocate- 
general,  argued  in  favor  of  the  report  and  announced  that  he  had  delivered  an  opinion 
in  his  official  capacity  that  such  elections  were  illegal.  In  this  position  he  was  sus 
tained  by  Judge-advocate-general  Grosvenor,  who  followed  him. 

Campbell,  of  Kansas,  made  a  stirring  speech,  calling  attention  to  the  sweeping 
character  of  the  resolution,  and  while  opposing  the  election  of  any  comrade  as  a 
delegate  to  fill  a  vacancy  while  there  were  alternates  ready  and  willing  to  serve,  he 
favored  the  admission  of  those  elected  after  the  list  of  alternates  had  been  exhausted. 

Wicks,  of  Minnesota,  offered  a  resolution  to  the  effect  that  the  delegates  should 
be  admitted,  but  it  was  not  considered. 

Dunn,  of  Delaware,  stated  that  every  delegate  and  alternate  of  his  department 
had  resigned,  and  that  the  places  of  the  delegates  had  been  filled  by  the  council  of 
administration  before  leaving  home.  He  made  a  stirring  appeal  for  justice.  He 
was  followed  by  Dorsey,  of  New  Mexico,  in  the  same  strain.  The  question  was 
discussed  at  length,  many  members  striving  in  vain  to  secure  the  floor,  and  many 
points  of  order  being  raised  and  decided.  Finally  Palmer,  of  New  York,  moved  that 
the  report  be  recommitted  to  the  committee,  with  instructions  that  it  is  the  sense  of 
the  encampment  that  no  new  delegate  should  be  elected  until  after  the  list  of  alter 
natives  is  exhausted.  The  motion  was  adopted  with  but  few  dissenting  votes.  This 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  79 

virtually  settled  the  question,  and  the  delegates  so  elected  breathed  freer.  Nearly 
every  department  had  some  of  its  representatives  in  that  position,  and  an  adoption  of 
the  committee's  report  would  have  resulted  in  much  disappointment. 

A  large  number  of  communications  were  received  from  departments  and  individ 
uals,  and  referred  to  the  committee  qn  resolutions  without  reading.  Loring,  of  Mas 
sachusetts,  submitted  a  resolution  indorsing  the  bill  now  pending  in  Congress 
providing  for  a  pension  of  eight  dollars  a  month  for  every  soldier  who  served  sixty  days 
or  more.  He  asked  that  it  be  not  referred  to  the  pension  committee,  as  it  had  already 
passed  upon  the  matter.  Past  Commander-in-Chief  Merrill,  of  the  pension  committee, 
seconded  Loring 's  request,  as  he  said  that  his  committee  had  already  expressed  its 
disapproval  of  the  pending  bill.  It  was  then  referred  to  the  committee  on  resolutions. 

Department  Commander  Sayles,  of  New  York,  in  behalf  of  the  department  of 
New  York,  presented  to  the  department  of  California  a  magnificent  banner  and  an 
album  containing  the  photographs  of  the  present  commander  of  New  York  and  his 
staff,  the  past  department  commanders,  and  the  present  past  commanders. 

Comrade  Smedberg,  of  California,  responded  appropriately  to  the  presentation, 
and  then,  on  behalf  of  the  DeLong  Post  of  Honolulu,  presented  the  national  encamp 
ment  with  a  handsome  gavel  and  case  made  of  native  woods  of  the  Sandwich  Islands. 

The  encampment  then  adjourned  until  the  following  morning,  August  5th,  at  10 
o'clock. 

SECOND   DAY. 

The  encampment  met  at  10  A.  M. 

Harper,  of  Pennsylvania,  read  the  report  of  the  council  of  administration,  setting 
forth  the  action  of  the  council  during  the  year  pertaining  to  the  executive  department 
of  the  order. 

Storrie,  of  Pennsylvania,  moved  the  adoption  of  the  report,  and  the  motion  was 
carried  and  the  recommendations  approved.  The  matters  recommended  by  the  council 
are  all  treated  of  in  the  Commander-in-Chief 's  address. 

A  proposition  to  pay  the  members  of  the  council  not  exceeding  $100  for  expenses 
on  the  present  trip  was  voted  down. 

Letters  were  read  from  the  Past  Commander-in-Chief,  John  C.  Robinson,  and 
also  Past  Commander-in-Chief  Louis  Wagner,  regretting  their  inability  to  be  present 
at  the  encampment. 

The  following  telegram  from  Grand  Rapids  was  read  : 

5*.  S.  Burdett,  Commander-in-Chief,  G.  A.  R.:  The  disabled  comrades  of  the 
Michigan  Soldiers'  Home  send  greetings  to  their  comrades  of  the  national  encamp 
ment.  SAMUEL  WELLS. 

The  committee  on  credentials  reported  that  they  had  revised  the  list  of  delegates, 
as  instructed  by  the  encampment  yesterday,  and  that  the  list  as  it  now  stood  was  sat 
isfactory  to  all  the  departments. 

The  committee  on  rules  and  regulations,  by  its  chairman,  Beath,  of  Pennsylvania, 
submitted  its  report,  which  was  taken  up  and  passed  upon  by  sections. 

The  report  of  the  committee  and  the  action  thereon  was  as  follows  : 

To  the  national  encampment :  Your  committee  on  rules,  regulations,  and  ritual 
report  on  the  propositions  for  changes  in  the  rules  and  regulations  as  presented  in 
circular  No.  5  from  national  headquarters,  as  follows  : 


80  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 


DEPARTMENT   COUNCIL   OF   ADMINISTRATION. 

On  recommendation  from  department  of  Maine  to  amend  section  i,  article  5, 
chapter  iii. ,  by  adding  the  words  :  ' '  Provided,  That  the  department  encampment  may 
elect  annually  to  serve  for  two  years,  two  of  the  five  members  of  the  council  of  admin 
istration  named  in  section  2,  article  4,  of  this  chapter." 

We  report  negatively.  Each  department  can  retain  its  experienced  members  of 
council  by  re-electing  them  as  often  as  may  be  deemed  expedient. 

The  report  of  the  committee  was  adopted. 

MEETINGS   OF  THE    NATIONAL   ENCAMPMENT. 

Recommended  from  the  department  of  Maine  as  follows  :  To  amend  section  i , 
article  3,  chapter  iv.,  by  striking  out  the  words  "the  second  Wednesday  in  May  and 
the  first  Wednesday  in  September, "  and  inserting  instead  the  words  "  April  and 
November, ' '  so  that  said  section  shall  read  as  follows  : 

SECTION  i .  The  stated  meeting  of  the  national  encampment  shall  be  held  annually 
between  April  and  November,  as  maybe  fixed  by  the  Commander-in-Chief,  by  consent 
"of  the  council  of  administration,  and  at  such  place  as  shall  have  been  determined  at 
the  previous  stated  meeting. 

We  report  adversely. 

Winters,  of  Nashville — I  object  to  that.  The  time  is  coming  now  when  the  section 
occupied  by  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  is  widening  from  the  North  to  the  South. 
The  encampments  are  being  held  now  between  the  months  of  May  and  September, 
and  that  is  proper  enough,  so  long  as  they  are  held  in  the  North,  but  in  the  event  that 
the  encampment  is  held  in  the  South,  the  time  should  be  extended  so  that  it  may  be 
held  either  in  May  or  in  October  on  account  of  the  extreme  heat.  It  is  time  that  the 
South  was  being  recognized,  and  I  beg  that  you  will  place  the  time  so  that  we  can 
have  the  encampment  in  the  South.  Place  it  between  April  and  November,  then  we 
will  either  have  it  in  May  when  the  flowers  are  in  bloom,  or  in  September  or  in 
October  when  the.trees  are  loaded  with  fruit.  Let  us  extend  the  time.  It  will  injure 
no  one,  and  if  it  is  determined  to  hold  the  encampment  in  the  North  no  harm  will  be 
done. 

Dorsey,  of  New  Mexico — The  proposed  change  is  so  that  the  Southern  States  may 
at  some  time,  somewhere,  and  under  some  circumstances  have  a  meeting  of  this 
encampment.  If  you  of  the  Northern  States  were  familiar  with  the  difficulties  that 
our  friends  of  the  South  labor  under,  you  would  certainly  be  in  favor  of  letting  this 
encampment  go  there  once,  at  least,  while  our  organization  is  at  the  summit  of  its 
power  and  influence. 

Allen,  of  Virginia,  moved  as  a  substitute  for  the  report  of  the  committee  that  the 
proposition  referred  to  tha  com.nittee  for  consideration  be  adopted,  and  that  motion 
was  carried  by  the  required  two-thirds  vote. 

ADJOURNMENT. 

Presented  by  past  Commander-in-Chief  Robert  B.  Beath. 
The  following  amendments  to  the  rules  and  regulations  are  offered  : 
Chapter  ii.,  article  5,  add  as  section  4  : 

Posts  may  by  by -laws  or  rules  of  order  provide  for  an  adjournment  of  post  meet 
ings  before  completing  the  order  of  business  prescribed  in  the  ritual. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  81 

We  report  favorably  and  recommend  its  adoption.  The  adoption  of  this  amend 
ment  annuls  opinion  85,  dated  February  27,  1878,  and  opinion  103,  dated  May  6, 
1879  (to  the  effect  that  a  motion  to  adjourn  is  not  in  order). 

The  report  was  adopted  without  debate. 

APPLICATION   FOR   MEMBERSHIP. 

Presented  by  Past  Commander-in-Chief  Beath,  to  amend  chapter  ii.,  article  2,  by 
adding  to  section  2. 

An  application  favorably  reported  by  the  committee  may  be  withdrawn  by  a 
majority  vote  of  the  post  before  ballot,  upon  request  of  the  applicant  or  of  the  com 
rade  presenting  his  application. 

The  adoption  of  this  amendment  annuls  opinion  89,  dated  August  2,  1878  (18  b.), 
and  opinion  138,  dated  September  15,  1862  (18  b.). 

We  report  favorably  and  recommend  their  adoption. 

Adopted. 

MEMORIAL   DAY. 

First — Presented  by  Comrade  Gibson,  past  department  commander  Potomac. 

Amend  article  14,  chapter  v.,  "Memorial  Day,  "  so  that  the  last  clause  shall  read 
as  follows :  When  such  days  occur  on  Sunday,  the  preceding  day  shall  be  observed, 
except  where,  by  legislative  enactment,. the  succeeding  day  is  made  a  legal  holiday, 
when  such  day  shall  be  observed. 

Second — Presented  by  department  of  Ohio. 

To  amend  article  14,  chapter  v.,  rules  and  regulations,  so  as  to  read  as  follows : 
Memorial  Day — The  national  encampment  hereby  establishes  a  Memorial  Day  to  be 
observed  by  the  members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  on  the  3oth  day  of 
May,  annually,  in  commemoration  of  the  deeds  of  our  fellow-comrades. 

When  such  day  occurs  on  Sunday  the  preceding  day  shall  be  observed. 

We  recommend  the  adoption  of  the  amendment  proposed  by  Commander  Gibson, 
with  the  substitution  of  the  word  legislative  for  legal  enactment. 

We  recommend  that  in  departments  where  the  day  following  Sunday  is  now 
observed  by  legislative  enactment  the  law  in  such  States  should  be  made  to  conform 
to  this  amendment. 

Chipman,  of  California — One  word  upon  that.  At  present  the  legislation  of  the 
different  States,  while  it  declares  Memorial  Day  to  be  a  legal  holiday,  in  some  cases 
provides  that  when  a  legal  holiday  occurs  on  Sunday  all  duties  to  be  performed  on 
that  day  shall  be  performed  on  the  preceding  day,  and  in  other  States  upon  the  suc 
ceeding  day.  In  some  of  our  States,  at  least  one,  the  State  of  Rhode  Island,  I 
believe,  our  Memorial  Day  is  mentioned  in  the  act  of  the  legislature,  and  I  understand 
also  in  Pennsylvania.  We  have  provided  that  where  the  legislature  has  not  fixed 
our  Memorial  Day  to  be  on  Monday,  when  the  3oth  of  May  occurs  on  Sunday,  it  shall 
be  the  preceding  day,  and  we  recommend  that  comrades  in  those  States  may  take 
steps  to  have  their  legislation  changed  so  that  the  date  will  be  uniform  and  hereafter 
be  on  the  preceding  day  instead  of  the  succeeding  one. 

Kiefer,  of  Connecticut — I  object  to  this  matter.  I  think  it  is  mixing  things  up 
too  much  entirely.  I  think  we  ought  to  adopt  one  day,  and  I  should  be  in  favor  of 
having  the  last  Sunday  in  the  month  adopted.  If  we  adopt  Saturday,  for  instance, 
how  many  of  our  comrades  have  the  time  to  spare  ?  There  are  a  great  many  comrades 
who  are  in  business  and  cannot  get  away,  and  will  not  close  up  their  stores  in  the 


82  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

afternoons  of  Saturdays.  I  would  therefore  move  to  substitute  the  last  Sunday  in 
the  month  of  May  to  be  observed  as  Memorial  Day.  I  think  it  is  the  sanctity  of  the 
day  which  we  should  look  at.  If  we  have  it  on  week  days  it  will  be  nothing  but  holi 
day,  and  not  a  holy  day.  I  believe  it  is  one  of  the  most  holy  days  in  this  nation, 
and  should  be  observed  properly. 

Bennet,  of  Indiana — I  think  Decoration  Day  ought  to  come  every  year  on  the 
3oth  day  of  May,  let  that  be  whatever  day  of  the  week  it  may  be.  It  will  only  come 
on  Sunday  every  few  years,  and  just  as  certain  as  you  undertake  to  fix  another  day 
one-half  the  posts  will  have  it  on  Sunday,  if  Sunday  is  the  soth.  Why  not  have  it 
the  3oth  day  of  May  and  prevent  all  this  confusion  ?  I  offer  that  as  an  amendment  to 
the  amendment,  that  we  fix  the  3oth  day  of  May  as  Decoration  Day,  and  let  every 
Monday  and  Wednesday  take  care  of  itself. 

The  motions  were  all  voted  down  and  the  recommendations  of  the  committee 
adopted. 

POST   QUARTERMASTER. 

Presented  by  department  of  Nebraska  : 

To  amend  section  i,  article  7,  chapter  ii.,  b}- inserting  the  word  "Quartermaster," 
following  the  word  "  Adjutant,' '  making  that  an  appointive  office  instead  of  an  elect 
ive  one. 

We  report  adversely. 

This  proposition  elicited  some  discussion,  the  point  being  made  that  an  appointed 
quartermaster  would  be  more  effective  in  the  collection  of  delinquent  dues,  the 
responsibility  being  thrown  upon  the  post  commander.  A  division  was  called  for  on 
the  vote,  and  it  stood  217  to  132,  not  the  necessary  two-thirds,  and  the  proposition 
was  therefore  lost. 

TACTICS. 

Presented  by  comrade  James  E.  Shellenberger,  of  post  No.  150,  department  of 
Ohio. 

That  the  following  be  added  to  the  rules  and  regulations  : 

Tactics — That  the  system  of  tactics  for  use  in  the  posts  of  the  G.  A.  R.  shall  be 
that  adopted  and  in  use  by  the  army  of  the  United  States.  (Upton's  Tactics.) 

Your  committee  do  not  recommend  the  adoption  of  any  system  of  tactics  by  this 
national  encampment. 

The  recommendation  of  the  committee  was  adopted  without  debate. 

Feighan,  of  Kansas,  made  an  ineffectual  attempt  to  get  a  recess  until  3  o'clock. 
The  encampment  .did  not  seem  disposed  to  take  matters  quite  so  easily  as  it  had, 
and  continued  the  work  on  the  report. 

ARREARAGES. 

Several  amendments  were  presented  to  sections  3  and  4,  article  4,  chapter  v. 

Presented  by  the  department  of  Pennsylvania. 

Amend  chapter  v.,  article  4,  section  3,  to  read  as  follows  : 

Any  member  of  a  post  who  is  six  months  in  arrears  in  the  payment  of  his  dues 
shall  be  notified  thereof  in  writing  by  the  post  quartermaster,  and  if  the  same  are  not 
paid  within  two  months  thereafter  he  may  be  suspended  from  all  privileges  of  mem 
bership  by  vote  of  the  post  and  then  be  so  reported  in  the  quarterly  reports  to  depart 
ment  headquarters  until  such  dues  are  paid.  While  so  suspended  the  post  shall  not 
be  subject  to  the  per  capita  tax  on  such  member,  and  he  .shall  not  be  counted  in  the 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  83 

representation  of  the  post  in  the  encampment  of  the  department  nor  of  the  depart 
ment  in  the  national  encampment.  Provided,  however,  that  when  a  comrade  is 
unable  by  reason  of  sickness  or  misfortune  to  pay  his  dues,  they  may  be  remitted  by 
a  two-thirds  vote  of  the  members  present  and  voting  at  a  stated  meeting  of  the  post. 

Sec.  4.  If  a  member  of  a  post  shall  be  one  year  in  arrears  for  dues,  he  shall  be 
notified  thereof  in  writing,  by  the  post  quartermaster,  and  on  failure  for  two  months 
thereafter  to  pay  such  dues,  he  may,  by  vote  of  the  post,  be  dropped  from  the  rolls, 
unless  relieved  from  such  payment,  and  can  be  reinstated  only  by  the  post  which 
dropped,  by  a  two-thirds  vote,  by  ballot  of  all  the  members  present  and  voting  at  a 
regular  meeting,  upon  pajinent  of  a  sum  prescribed  by  the  by-laws  of  the  post,  said 
sum  not  to  be  less  than  the  amount  charged  for  muster-in  fee.  If  elected,  he  shall  be 
reobligated.  Provided,  that  he  may  be  reobligated  in  any  post  within  whose  jurisdic 
tion  he  may  reside,  upon  the  written  request  of  the  post  reinstating.  Application  for 
such  reinstatement  shall  be  made  by  filing  a  new  application,  to  be  regularly 
referred  and  reported  on.  If  the  post  has  been  disbanded,  he  may  make  application 
to  another  post. 

Presented  by  Commander  Samuel  W.  Lane,  department  of  Maine.  Amend  sec 
tion  4,  article  5,  chapter  v.,  by  adding  the  following  :  Providing,  however,  that  a  com 
rade  dropped  as  aforesaid,  whose  application  for  reinstatement  has  been  rejected,  upon 
payment  of  his  dues  at  the  date  of  being  dropped  shall  receive  from  the  quarter 
master  a  receipt  therefor,  stated  as  dues  of  comrade  dropped  and  refused  reinstate 
ment.  And  such  comrade  may  make  application,  as  provided  in  article  2,  chapter  ii., 
of  these  regulations,  accompanied  by  the  receipt  aforesaid,  to  another  post,  and  may 
be  admitted  to  membership  upon  payment  of  the  muster  fee  and  being  mustered  in 
as  a  recruit. 

Those  presented  by  comrade  William  Gibson,  Potomac,  viz. :  Add  at  the  end  of 
section  5,  article  4,  chapter  v.  Nor  shall  the  requirement  of  said  section  4,  that  a 
comrade  one  year  in  arrears  be  dropped,  become  effective  until  notice  of  that  fact  has 
been  given  at  a  regular  meeting,  and  action  thereupon  had  at  the  next  or  some  suc 
ceeding  regular  meeting  by  a  vote  of  the  post. 

Add  to  the  same  article  and  chapter  the  following  as  new  sections  : 

Sec.  6.  There  shall  be  a  post  retired  list,  upon  which  may  be  placed,  by  a  vote  of 
two-thirds  of  all  the  members  present  and  voting,  the  name  of  any  comrade  in  good 
standing,  who,  upon  his  own  request  or  consent,  shall  have  been  previously  recom 
mended  for  retirement  by  a  committee  for  that  purpose. 

Sec.  7.  Any  comrade  heretofore  dropped  for  the  sole  cause  of  non-payment  of 
dues,  or  who  has  an  honorable  discharge  from  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  may 
petition  the  post  of  which  he  was  formerly  a  member  for  reinstatement  for  the  purpose 
of  being  placed  on  the  retired  list.  The  petition  shall  be  referred  to  a  committee, 
and  if  favorably  reported  the  matter  shall  be  decided  by  a  ball  ballot,  three-fourths  of 
all  the  members  present  and  voting  being  required  to  elect. 

Sec.  8.   Comrades  placed  on  the  retired  list  shall  be  privileged  as  follows  : 

1 .  They  shall  be  relieved  thereafter  from  the  payment  of  dues. 

2.  They  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  the  countersigns  and  to  wear  the  badge  of  the 
order ;   to  visit  posts  and  encampments,  and  generally  to  share  in  the  honors  and 
receive  the  benefits  and  protection  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 

3.  They  shall  be  entitled  to  ballot  on  the  application  of  new  members,  but  shall 
be  excused  from  participating  in  the  general  business  of  the  post  and  shall  not  be 
eligible  to  office. 


84  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

4.  Any  comrade  borne  on  the  retired  list  may  be  transferred  to  the  active  roll  of 
his  post  on  the  payment  of  one  year's  dues  in  advance. 

5.  Whilst  remaining  on  the  retired  list,  the  post  shall  not  be  subject  to  the  per 
capita  tax  of  such  member,  and  he  shall  not  be  counted  in  the  representation  of  the 
post  in  the  department  encampment,  nor  of  the  department  in  the  national  encamp 
ment. 

The  Commander-in-Chief  has  also  referred  to  this  subject,  and  all  will  agree  that 
it  is  even  more  important  to  retain  members  on  the  rolls  than  to  secure  new  applica 
tions.  While  deploring  the  large  loss  through  members  dropped  from  the  rolls  for 
non-payment  of  dues,  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  duties  and  responsibilities 
assumed  in  our  mutual  obligations  can  only  be  met  by  the  payment  of  dues  by  our 
members.  Poverty  has  not  driven  all  those  dropped  members  from  the  Grand  Army. 
As  a  matter  of  fact,  but  a  small  percentage  are  dropped  from  that  cause,  and  there 
ought  to  be  none  where  the  facts  come  to  the  knowledge  of  the  posts.  There  would 
be  still  fewer  than  at  present  if  the  posts,  through  committees,  would  seek  out  delin 
quent  members,  ascertain  their  condition,  and  afford  relief  when  required. 

Thousands  of  our  best  and  most  active  members  are  men  whose  post  dues  must 
be  met  at  a  sacrifice  of  some  personal  comfort,  but  they  cheerfully  contribute  a  full 
share,  and  when  they  cannot  give  in  money  freely  give  in  services,  knowing  this  to 
be  necessary  to  maintain  the  life  of  our  organization. 

It  is  a  humiliating  fact  that  thousands  of  men  are  dropped  from  the  rolls  who  are 
able  to  pay  their  dues.  They  seem  to  prefer  the  meaner  way  of  dropping  out  in  debt 
to  their  comrades  than,  by  paying  up  and  securing  an  honorable  discharge,  retiring 
from  the  Grand  Army  with  the  respect  of  their  associates.  We  are  stronger  without 
this  class  than  with  them. 

We  report  against  the  proposition  for  a  retired  list,  and  report  in  favor  of  the 
propositions  from  Pennsylvania  and  Comrade  Lane,  with  certain  amendments  noted. 

Under  the  operation  of  the  previous  question  the  recommendation  of  the  com 
mittee  was  adopted. 

PAST   OFFICERS. 

The  following  propositions  are  submitted  : 

First— That  presented  by  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  and  Lincoln  Post,  No. 
i,  of  California. 

Amend  first  section  of  article  2,  chapter  iii.,  rules  and  regulations  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic,  series  of  1884,  by  striking  out  the  words  "And  all  past  post  com 
manders  who  have  served  for  a  full  term  of  one  year,  or  having  been  elected  to  fill  a 
vacancy  and  shall  have  served  to  the  end  of  the  term,  so  long  as  they  remain  in  good, 
standing  m  their  respective  posts,  in  such  departments  as  have  so  decided  at  a  two- 
thirds  vote  at  an  annual  meeting." 

The  foregoing  proposed  amendment  was  adopted  by  Lincoln  Post,  No.  i, 
department  of  California,  with  the  following  amendment :  ' '  and  all  past  department 
commanders;"  in  which  further  amendment  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  con 
curred. 

Second— By  Comrade  A.  J.  Sampson,  department  of  Colorado:  Amend  article  2, 
chapter  iii.,  rules  and  regulations,  by  adding  to  the  close  of  subdivision  "first "  the 
following :  Provided,  that  no  past  post  commander  shall  be  entitled  to  a  seat  as  a 
member  of  any  department  encampment,  unless  at  the  time  of  the  election  of  repre 
sentatives,  as  hereinafter  provided  for,  he  shall  be  so  recommended  and  approved  by 
his  post  by  ballot ;  provided,  further,  that  any  department  that  may  have  so  decided 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  85 

may  at  any  annual  encampment  reconsider  such  decision  and  thereafter  exclude  all 
past  post  commanders  as  such  from  membership  in  the  department  encampment. 
Upon  the  question  to  reconsider,  members  of  the  department  encampment,  by  virtue 
of  being  past  post  commanders,  shall  not  vote. 

Amend  article  2,  chapter  iii.,  rules  and  regulations,  by  striking  out  the  following: 
Commencing  with  the  word  ' '  they ' '  in  the  tenth  line  of  subdivision  ' '  third ' '  to  the 
word  ' '  department, ' '  inclusive,  in  the  thirteenth  line  of  the  same,  and  inserting  in 
lieu  thereof  the  following  : 

The  post  commander  and  the  post  adjutant  shall  furnish  such  representatives  and 
approved  past  post  commanders  with  credentials  signed  by  them,  and  immediately 
after  such  election  or  approval  shall  forward  to  the  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the 
department  a  list  of  such  elect?d  members  or  representatives  and  approved  past  post 
commanders. 

Third — By  the  department  of  Massachusetts. 

The  following  amendments  to  article  2,  section  i,  chapter  iv.,  paragraph  i,  to 
strike  out  past  Vice-Commanders-in-Chief,  so  that  the  paragraph  will  read  as  follows : 

First — The  national  encampment  shall  consist  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  and 
past  Commanders-in-Chief  so  long  as  they  remain  in  good  standing  in  their  respective 
posts,  and  the  other  officers  named  in  article  4,  section  2,  of  this  chapter. 

Strike  out  the  whole  of  paragraph  3  regarding  past  department  commanders. 

Change  paragraph  4  to  paragraph  3. 

We  report  adversely  to  all  of  the  above  propositions. 

Sampson,  of  Colorado— If  you  can  only  realize  the  importance  of  this  I  have  con 
fidence  that  the  recommendation  of  the  department  of  California  will  be  adopted. 
Ordinarily  a  man  is  supposed  to  support  his  own  child  in  preference  to  that  of  some 
other  man.  In  this  instance  I  propose  to  support  the  child  of  California  in  preference 
to  my  own.  My  proposition  does  not  go  far  enough.  It,  in  my  opinion,  is  only  right 
in  case  of  a  compromise  measure  being  necessary.  I  say  that  these  past  post  com 
manders  should  be  excluded  in  every  department.  Prior  to  coming  here  I  had  occa 
sion  to  correspond  with  the  adjutant-generals  of  nearly  all  the  departments,  and  I  find 
from  the  answers  that  in  nearly  all  the  departments  there  has  been  continued  agita 
tion  and  controversy  over  this  question,  and  we  find  in  our  own  department  that  we 
have  some  past  post  commanders  who  remain  outside  the  post  during  the  entire  year, 
and  pay  their  dues  perhaps  at  the  last  hour  of  the  last  day,  in  order  to  go  into  the 
department  emcampment  and  exercise  as  much  power  and  authority  as  any  other 
member.  Let  us  cut  these  men  out.  Let  us  make  our  basis  of  representation  one 
for  every  five,  or  one  for  every  ten,  or  one  for  every  twenty,  whatever  is  necessary  to 
bring  in  every  past  post  commander  who  is  faithful  and  efficient  and  in  earnest  in  the 
interest  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republif .  Let  us  elect  them  according  to  the 
spirit  of  our  government,  and  let  them  come  fresh  from  the  post.  Let  them  come  as 
representatives  from  their  posts,  with  an  interest  in  the  order,  and  if  they  are  past 
post  commanders  and  take  an  interest  in  the  Grand  Army  during  the  year,  the  post 
will  elect  them  delegates.  If  they  are  not  interested  in  the  work  and  do  not  attend, 
they  will  be  left  out.  I  say  that  the  interest  and  perpetuity  of  the  order  demand  that 
they  shall  be  excluded  from  the  encampment. 

Earl,  of  New  York — This  question  is  one  of  vital  importance  to  the  organization. 
Yesterday  the  judge-advocate-general  stated  that  this  was  a  representative  gathering. 
I  deny  it.  I  noted  yesterday,  when  the  roll  was  called,  that  in  the  department  of  New 
York  alone  there  were  fourteen  past  department  commanders — nearly  one-half  of  the 


86  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

delegation.  I  noticed  in  other  departments  past  department  commanders  were  double 
the  number  of  elected  delegates;  and  will  you  call  this  a  representative  gathering? 
Every  year  when  we  meet  in  annual  encampment  we  should  have  representatives  fresh 
from  the  posts,  representing  sentiments  as  they  exist  then. 

Reynolds,  of  New  York — While  I  greatly  prize  the  privilege  of  life  membership 
in  this  encampment,  I  believe  it  is  not  justice  to  my  comrades.  In  listening  to  the 
roll-call  yesterday  I  find  many  departments  have  larger  representation  by  virtue  of 
past  department  commanders  than  by  delegates.  These  past  department  commanders 
are  not  amenable  to  their  comrades,  and  therefore  I  think  it  is  unjust,  and  I  am  in 
favor  of  a  change. 

Pending  the  discussion  of  this  question  a  recess  was  taken  until  3  o'clock. 

The  encampment  convened  at  3  o'clock,  and,  after  some  presentations,  the  debate 
was  continued  as  follows  : 

Comrade  Earl — I  desire  to  occupy  the  time  of  this  encampment  but  very  briefly. 
I  wish  to  submit  a  statement.  I  hope  every  delegate  present  will  turn  to  the  official 
roll,  which  I  hold  in  my  hand,  so  that  no  comrade  can  sa}^  that  I  am  misrepresenting 
facts.  I  find  by  going  over  the  roll,  and  it  is  the  official  roll,  that  those  entitled  to 
seats  in  this  convention  consist  of  four  hundred  and  thirty -nine  delegates  and  three 
hundred  and  three  past  department  commanders  and  past  Commanders-in-Chief.  Now, 
I  ask  if  this  is  a  representative  body.  If  we  go  on  at  this  business,  in  three  years  from 
now,  aye  in  two  years  from  now,  there  will  be  no  use  of  holding  annual  elections  to 
elect  delegates  to  the  annual  encampments.  The  life-membership  will  have  grown 
to  such  proportions  that  the  life-members  will  be  the  legislators,  notwithstanding 
the  sentiments  of  the  different  departments.  Another  injustice  I  find  in  many 
departments  that  to-day  the  past  department  commanders  more  than  double  the  num 
ber  of  delegates  elected.  And  right  on  this  point  I  want  to  correct  a  misrepresenta 
tion  in  regard  to  the  State  of  New  York.  By  reason  of  this  very  question,  at  the  last 
annual  encampment  there  was  a  direct  issue  formed,  and  the  elected  delegates  were  in 
substance  directed  to  cast  their  votes  for  General  Reynolds,  of  New  York,  for  Coin- 
man  der-in- Chief.  The  past  commanders  who  were  defeated  in  that  encampment  come 
here  and  make  a  misrepresentation. 

The  Commander-in-Chief — I  must  call  the  comrade  to  order.  Our  rules,  and  all 
parliamentary  rules,  expressly  forbid  anything  of  this  kind.  The  comrade  will  pro 
ceed  in  order. 

Comrade  Earl — I  believe  that  I  made  a  motion  that  the  recommendations  from 
the  department  of  Massachusetts  should  be  adopted,  instead  of  the  report  of  the  com 
mittee  on  rules  and  regulations.  I  understand  there  are  a  great  many  comrades  who 
desire  a  division  of  the  question  on  these  different  recommendations,  and  that  I  will 
ask  for  at  this  time.  I  simply  want  to  bring  up  this  question  so  that  we  can  all  dis 
cuss  it  in  fairness,  in  honesty,  and  discuss  it  in  the  interest  of  our  organization. 

Comrade  Sampson,  of  Colorado — Commander-in-Chief :  I  will  promise  to  take 
not  more  than  five  minutes  of  your  time,  and  especially  for  the  benefit  of  those  who 
are  affected  by  this.  I  want  you  to  consider  the  interest  of  those  who  are 
affected  by  it.  The  question  is  this :  By  the  rule  as  it  now  stands  we  encourage 
inefficiency.  For  instance  a  man  is  elected  post  commander.  No  difference  how 
efficient  he  may  be,  he  is  put  out  at  the  end  of  one  year  in  order  to  get  a  place  for 
another  vote  at  the  end  of  the  next  year.  For  instance  one  of  our  oldest  posts  may 
have  twenty  past  post  commanders  and  only  twenty-three  members,  as  in  one  post, 
one  delegate  and  twenty  past  post  commanders.  Another  organized  during  the  last 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  87 

year,  with  forty-four  members,  has  no  past  post  commander  and  is  entitled  to  two 
votes  in  the  ratio  of  representation  of  one  for  twenty  members.  I  ask  you,  who  are 
not  affected  by  this,  won't  you  help  us  get  them  off  the  rolls?  We  cannot  do  it. 
Some  one  has  said  during  the  recess,  why  don't  you  attend  to  it  in  Colorado  your 
selves?  We  cannot  do  it.  The  past  post  commanders  are  in  the  majority  to-day. 
Now,  we  ask  you,  in  the  name  of  God,  to  help  us  get  clear  of  this  incubus,  and  if  you 
wont  cut  them  out  entirely  then  we  ask  you  to  accept  the  compromise  proposition 
which  we  present.  But  Mr.  Commander,  in  order  that  this  may  be  intelligently  and 
properly  presented,  which  the  committee  I  am  sorry  to  say  has  not  done 

Commander-in-Chief — There  should  be  no  reflections  on  the  committee. 

Comrade  Sampson — I  do  not  mean  that  they  intentionally  did  a  wrong,  but  they 
have  omnibused  four  separate  propositions,  which  I  now  ask  shall  be  acted  upon 
separately.  First  have  the  question  upon  the  exclusion  of  past  post  commanders, 
second  on  the  propositions  from  Massachusetts  to  exclude  the  vice-commanders,  third 
to  exclude  the  past  department  commanders,  the  proposition  of  California.  If  all  of 
these  are  voted  down,  then  the  compromise  proposition  which  I  have  presented  is  that 
we  may  have  the  privilege  of  saying  in  our  respective  posts  to  these  past  command 
ers,  by  your  interest  in  the  order  during  the  year  you  have  shown  yourself  worthy  of 
approval,  and  we  approve  you  to  go  to  the  department  encampment  as  a  represent 
ative;  and  you,  by  standing  on  the  street  corner  for  some  imaginable  offense  and 
condemning  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  traducing  }^our  comrades,  shall 
stay  at  home.  Now,  I  hope  you  will  give  us  a  right  to  exclude  from  the  department 
encampment  these  men,  the  past  post  commanders  first.  We  are  not  so  anxious  about 
the  balance. 

Comrade  Chipman,  of  California — Commander-in-Chief:  I  ask  the  privilege  of 
correcting  a  misapprehension  into  which  the  comrade  has  fallen.  The  committee 
having  no  recommendation  to  make,  reported  adversely  upon  all,  and  of  course  could 
not  submit  these  matters  in  their  order  except  by  this  report,  which  is  done ;  and  the 
report  is  now  presented  to  you  in  the  very  shape  in  which  the  gentleman  requires  it 
to  be,  first,  second,  and  third  proposition. 

Comrade  Beath,  Past  Commander-in-Chief — Commander-in-Chief:  We  have  lost 
sight  of  one  thing,  that  when  we  adjourned  the  pending  motion  was  to  substitute  for 
that  part  of  the  report  of  the  committee  the  proposition  of  the  department  of  Massa 
chusetts,  namely,  to  strike  out  past  Vice-Commanders-in-Chief  and  past  department 
commanders  in  the  national  encampment.  It  was  not  a  question  of  department 
commanders  in  the  department  encampment,  or  past  post  commanders  in  the  depart 
ment  encampment,  but  simply  and  solely  as  to  the  constitution  of  this  encampment. 
Upon  that  proposition  the  encampment  is  asked  to  vote,  to  strike  out  all  past  Vice- 
Commanders-in-Chief  and  all  past  department  commanders  from  the  roll  of  the 
national  encampment ;  and  as  one  honored  by  the  highest  honors  that  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic  can  confer  upon  him,  one  elected  by  your  suffrages  as  Com 
mander-in-Chief,  I  ask  you  to  add  to  this  sentence  to  strike  out  the  words  past 
Commanders-in-Chief.  If  my  comrades  who  have  served  with  me  as  past  department 
commanders  are  not  worthy  of  being  here,  I  am  not  worthy  of  being  here. 

Comrade  Patch,  of  Massachusetts — Commander-in-Chief  and  comrades  :  The 
department  of  Massachusetts,  by  vote,  presented  the  resolution  which  is  moved  here 
as  a  substitute.  I  am  here  to  oppose  it,  first,  because  I  do  not  believe  in  insulting 
the  men  who  have  been  elected  by  the  suffrages  of  the  comrades  of  that  department 
for  the  last  nineteen  years  ;  and  second,  if  it  is  not  made  retroactive  I  do  not  believe 


88  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

in  casting  that  aspersion  upon  honest  men  who  have  done  the  work  of  the  order,  and 
who  in  the  future  may  be  elected  department  commanders.     Now,  what  is  the  fact  ? 
We  are  met  here  by  the  statement  that  in  two  or  three  years  the  number  of  eligible 
men  to  represent  this  convention,  the  delegates,  will  be  in  a  minoritj-.     I  believe  that 
that  is  an  absolute  fact  if  you  regard  eligibility  as  the  test  alone.     What  is  the  fact 
to-day  ?     Five  hundred  and  eight  men  have  answered  the  roll-call,  and  seventy-five 
only  of  past  department  commanders  are  present.     Is  there  any  danger  of  the  Grand 
Army  being  disintegrated  by  the  advent  of  past  department  commanders  in  its  con 
vention  ?     Men  who  have  labored  for  the  good  of  the  order  and  who  have  been  recog 
nized  by  their  several  departments  and  honored,  and  some  of  them  who  have  told  me 
personally  that  the  highest  ambition  of  their  lives,  aside  from  that  honor,  was  the 
privilege  of  sitting  in  that  convention.     Why  was  this  brought  into  the  department 
of  Massachusetts  ?     Let  me  tell  you.     It  never  was  properly  discussed  there.     It  was 
brought  in  by  a  resolution,  by  a  comrade  whose  years  of  service  in  the  order  were  so 
few,  and  wThose  work  was  so  light  that  he  had  little  cause  to  bring  it  there,  yet  had  a 
perfect  right  to  do  it.     It  was  brought  tip  there,  and  with  hardly  any  debate  was 
passed.     What  will  be  the  result  if  you  carry  this  vote  through  this  convention  ? 
We  have,  I  am  proud  to  say,  an  institution  in  our  State  called  the  soldiers'  home.     It 
is  a  credit  to  the  commonwealth  of  Massachusetts.    To  the  honor  of  the  Grand  Army 
of  the   Republic,   these  past  department  commanders  are  members  of  its  board  of 
trustees.     They  have  been  honored  by  their  comrades  with  seats  in  this  convention. 
They  have  been  recognized  as  workers  in  the  order  and  placed  in  that  position.     Will 
you,  comrades,  say  to  them,  because  of  one  act  of  some  of  the  comrades   in  that 
department,  that   they  shall    not  have  seats  in  this  convention,  where   they  have 
been  honorable  and  useful  members  ?     I  tell  you  it  is  a  fact  that  if  every  past  depart 
ment  commander  in  the  department  of  Massachusetts  had  voted  in  favor  of  the 
universal  pension  bill,  you  never  would  have  seen  that  resolution  presented  before 
the  department  of  Massachusetts.     Now,  I  say,  and  I  ask  the  comrades  of  this  con 
vention,  recognizing  all  the  services,  throwing  aside  the  comrade  who  is  speaking  to 
you  now,  recognizing  all  the  services  of  every  man  who  has  labored  for  the  upbuilding 
of  this  organization,  do  not  cast  the  aspersion  upon  them  that  they  shall  return  to 
their  homes  and  say  the  national  convention  has  no  confidence  in  their  work,  in  their 
influence,  in  their  comradeship,  or  in  their  integrity  as  members  of  this  encampment. 
Comrade  Tobin,   of  Massachusetts — Commander-in-Chief  and  comrades  of  the 
national  encampment :  I  have  but  a  word  to  say,  and  in  saying  that  I  should  be  false 
to  my  obligations  as  commander  of  the  department  of  Massachusetts  if  I  failed  in 
this  encampment  to  seek  the  enforcement  of  the  resolve  passed  by  that  bod}*  in  their 
last  convention  ;  and  however  much  I  may  cherish  the  right  to  a  life-membership  in 
this  encampment,  I  am  willing  to  go  down  and  out  of  office  and  retire  to  the  same 
rights  and  privileges  in  the  future  as  my  honored  and  esteemed  past  department  com 
mander.     But  I  find  upon  your  roll  260  past  department  commanders  eligible  to  seats 
in  this  encampment,  and  while  it  may  be  said  that  they  are  not  present,  the  right  to 
be  present  exists,  and  with  that  number  of  past  department  commanders  in  any  con 
vention  the  rank  and  file  of  pur  order  never  can  be  truly  and  sincerely  represented. 
[Applause.]     I  want  to  say  right  here  that  I  yield  to  no  department  in  the  republic 
in  the  honor  of  the  past  department  commanders  of  Massachusetts.     We  have  the 
greatest  number  present.    There  is  not  a  man  of  them  whom  I  do  not  love  and  cherish 
as  a  comrade,  and  I  believe  they  bear  the  same  respect  for  me  ;  but  I  cannot  hear  my 
estimable  friend  and  comrade,  the  past  department  commander  of  Massachusetts, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  89 

when  he  says  that  it  is  an  insult  to  the  past  commanders,  when  by  an  overwhelming 
vote  of  his  own  commonwealth  we  were  instructed  to  secure  the  passage  of  this  reso 
lution.  Now,  Commander,  I  say  in  sincerity  that  I  hope  that  the  resolve  will  be 
adopted  by  the  encampment,  and  past  department  commanders  at  least  unseated 
from  a  life-membership  in  this  encampment. 

Comrade  Thayer,  of  Nebraska — Commander-in-Chief :  I  desire  to  submit  a 
motion  that  all  speeches  be  limited  to  three  minutes,  and  that  no  comrade  shall  speak 
more  than  once  on  the  same  subject. 

A  point  of  order  was  made  that  there  was  now  a  motion  before  the  house,  and 
Comrade  Thayer 's  motion  was  therefore  out  of  order. 

The  point  of  order  was  sustained. 

Comrade  Austin,  of  Ohio — Commander-in-Chief:  I  am  here  as  a  representative 
of  the  rank  and  file  of  the  State  of  Ohio.  I  never  expect  to  be  a  department  com 
mander  of  that  State,  because  there  are  so  many  ambitious  men  there  and  I  am 
modest,  and  I  shall  always  work  in  the  rank  and  file ;  but  I  say  to  you  that  in  the 
department  of  Ohio  the  men  that  she  has  elevated  to  the  department  commandership 
are  men  that  have  helped  to  build  our  Grand  Army  of  the  State  of  Ohio,  and  the 
rank  and  file  feel  honored  wrhen  those  past  department  commanders  come  to  the 
national  encampment  to  represent  them. 

Comrade  Sampson,  of  Colorado — Commander-in-Chief:  I  rise  to  a  point  of  order. 
There  are  four  distinct  propositions  in  this  question,  and  I  demand  it  according  to 
rule  10,  a  division  of  this  question,  and  that  past  post  commanders  be  considered  first. 

The  Commander-in-Chief — When  the  time  comes  for  voting,  your  demand  for  a 
division  will  be  correct,  and  will  be  enforced ;  but  this  whole  matter,  as  reported  by 
the  committee,  is  properly  before  the  house  for  discussion.  When  the  discussion 
ends  the  demand  for  a  division  will  be  observed,  and  one  by  one  the  propositions  will 
be  put. 

Comrade  Austin — Now,  I  say  to  you,  that  there  are  seventy-five  department  com 
manders  who  have  at  their  own  expense,  and  at  the  expense  of  their  time,  left  their 
business  for  the  love  of  the  Grand  Army,  and  have  come  here  that  they  might  partici 
pate  in  its  deliberations.  I  say  to  you  that  the  past  department  commanders  of  Ohio 
who  are  here  are  representative  comrades  of  that  department,  and  the  comrades  of  the 
State  of  Ohio  recognize  them  as  such.  I  say  to  you  that  it  is  due  to  those  men  who 
have  worked  through  their  posts  up  to  that  position,  and  who  are  recognized  as  the 
workers  by  the  departments,  that  this  convention  should  not  at  this  time  nor  at  any 
other  time  cut  them  off.  If  it  were  not  for  the  experience,  and  the  large  experience, 
of  those  comrades  this  department  might  perhaps  be  without  proper  representation. 

Comrade  Earl — Is  there  anything  to  prevent  our  department  from  selecting  these 
persons  as  your  delegates  ? 

Comrade  Austin — Nothing,  but  we  prefer  to  have  them  experienced  when  we 
elect  them  here.  I  have  attended  upon  these  national  encampments  for  several  years, 
and  I  have  never  seen  anything  in  the  conduct  of  the  past  department  commanders 
that  leads  me  to  believe  that  they  ought  not  to  be  admitted  as  members  of  this  con 
vention.  I  hope  that  this  resolution  will  not  prevail,  simply  because  it  comes  here  I 
think  because  there  are  differences  of  sentiment  upon  some  questions  in  the  depart 
ments  that  have  proposed  it. 

As  to  this  question  of  past  post  commanders,  that  I  think  is  now  within  the 
province  of  each  department.  It  requires  no  action  here ;  but  I  believe  as  comrade 
Beath  has  said,  that  if  you  wipe  out  any  of  them,  wipe  out  the  whole.  There  is  no 


90  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

more  reason  why  a  past  Commander-in-Chief  should  sit  here  than  there  is  a  past 
department  commander.  There  are  eminent  comrades  in  the  service  of  this  order,  and 
we  need  them  in  these  conventions. 

Comrade  Rassieur,  of  Missouri — Commander-in-Chief  and  comrades :  It  seems 
to  me  that  we  ought  to  go  back  to  first  principles  in  considering  the  proposition 
before  this  encampment.  We  ought  to  consider  for  a  moment  whether  this  organiza 
tion  is  a  representative  organization  or  one  that  rests  upon  life-membership.  I  sup 
pose  that  at  this  late  day  in  the  nineteenth  century,  when  nearly  every  life-membership 
has  been  removed  in  all  representative  bodies,  it  would  not  require  hours  of  discus 
sion  to  remove  it  from  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  No  disrespect  is  meant  to 
any  department  commander.  I  can  say  as  others  have  said,  that  the  department 
commanders  of  Missouri  are  as  noble  men  as  there  are  in  this  organization,  but  their 
capabilities  and  their  services  are  of  a  character  that  they  will  command  at  the  hands 
of  their  comrades  an  election  to  be  sent  here  as  delegates.  [Applause.]  We  must 
look  forward  to  a  future  day.  We  must  look  forward  to  a  day  when  the  rank  and  file 
will  say,  what  have  we  to  say  in  the  national  encampment  ?  Suppose  there  are  two 
to  one  of  past  department  commanders  here,  and  it  requires  two  to  one  of  delegates  to 
make  a  change  in  the  law,  what  is  the  use  of  the  delegate  coming  to  this  convention  ? 
This  organization  is  one  composed  of  men  who  have  shown  that  they  will  act  at  cer 
tain  times.  In  1861  the  law  was  not  strong  enough  to  keep  this  whole  body  at  home, 
and  when  it  was  necessary  to  strike  down  the  law,  to  save  the  Union,  we  saved  the 
Union  and  destroyed  a  bad  law. 

I  desire  to  call  the  attention  of  this  body  to  this  fact,  that  if  you  will  go  on  and 
hold  out  to  the  rank  and  file  the  delusive  idea  that  the  national  encampment  is  a 
representative  body  of  the  whole,  when  it  is  in  fact  a  house  of  lords,  you  will  lay  the 
corner-stone  of  the  disruption  of  the  order.  And  I  go  further.  I  say  those  who 
have  had  the  high  honor  given  them  of  being  Commander-in-chief  of  this  grand 
organization,  ought  to  be  satisfied  with  that  honor  of  being  a  life-member  of  the 
Grand  Army  without  desiring  further.  Those  who  stand  in  the  rank  and  file,  as  I 
have  been  taught,  stand  just  as  high  as  any  others.  The  commanders  could  not  have 
been  commanders  if  they  had  not  had  the  rank  and  file  to  follow  them  and  carry  the 
arms  in  their  hands  to  victory. 

Now,  then,  I  beg  of  you  to  consider  the  rights  of  those  who  are  not  here  to-day. 
Make  this  organization  such  that  no  one  can  at  any  time  say  that  he  is  deprived  of  a 
right  here  ;  so  that  no  one  can  at  any  time  say  that  his  representation  is  so  small 
that  the  life-members  may  defeat  anything  that  comes  to  the  encampment.  I  hope 
therefore  that  this  measure  will  be  passed,  and  I  hope  it  will  be  carried  right  down 
through  the  law  and  correct  an  error  no  doubt  that  was  unintentionally  made  when 
these  rules  and  regulations  were  originally  adopted. 

Comrade  Merrill,  of  Massachusetts — Commander-in-Chief:  As  a  past  department 
commander,  not  affected  by  the  resolution  now  pending,  I  can  without  any  imputation 
as  to  myself,  speak  upon  this  question,  and  I  am  going  to  take  but  one  or  two 
moments  of  your  time  in  this  discussion.  I  believe  that  this  great  organization 
to-day  cannot  afford  to  say  that  the  men  in  the  departments  who  have  risen  to  the 
highest  honors  we  can  place  upon  them,  and  therefore  have  no  personal  ambitions  to 
serve  in  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  who  have  had  a  year's  experience  at  the 
head  of  one  of  the  departments,  shall  not  come  here  as  members  of  this  encampment 
though  they  travel  at  their  own  expense  across  the  continent  to  attend  its  sessions, 
but  that  they  .shall  be  barred  out  for  fear  that  they  will  override  the  representatives 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  91 

of  the  posts.  [Applause.]  I  believe  that  the  experience  of  a  man  who  has  received 
the  suffrages  of  his  comrades  for  department  commander  and  has  served  a  year  is 
worth  something  to  the  national  encampment  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 
To-day,  as  my  comrade  Patch  has  shown  you,  out  of  a  membership  of  nearly  700, 
there  are  seventy-five  past  department  commanders  here.  Are  the  others  afraid 
that  that  seventy-five  will  override  them  and  deprive  them  of  their  representation  ? 
I  say  that  the  experience  that  the  past  department  commanders  have  gained  is  a 
sufficient  reason  why  this  national  encampment  should  leave  them  upon  the  floor  as 
members  and  participants  in  its  deliberations. 

Comrade  Grosvenor,  of  the  Potomac — Commander-in-Chief  and  comrades  of  the 
national  encampment  :  As  one  of  the  rank  and  file  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Repub 
lic,  I  wish  to  raise  my  voice  in  opposition  to  this  resolution,  and  in  favor  of  the  report 
of  the  committee  upon  rules  and  regulations.  Why  is  it  that  this  great  body  should 
be  afraid  of  the  representation  that  comes  here  from  the  departments  ?  Why  is  it  that , 
we  should  cut  off  from  our  councils  the  very  salt  of  this  organization,  the  men  who 
have  had  the  experience,  the  men  who  have  done  the  work  of  the  Grand  Army  for 
years,  and  are  ready  in  these  encampments  to  still  do  the  work  of  the  Grand  Army  ? 
My  comrade  from  Colorado  says  that  we  may  increase  the  representation,  a  representa 
tion  of  one  in  ten,  or  twenty  or  forty  if  you  please,  but  cut  off  past  officers.  We 
have  no  provision  for  increasing  the  representation  of  the  rank  and  file.  It  takes  a 
thousand  members  to  make  a  representative  from  one  of  our  departments  in  this 
national  encampment.  We  have  within  our  rules  and  regulations  all  that  is  neces 
sary  for  the  departments  to  settle  this  matter  to  suit  themselves,  and  why  bring  this 
matter  into  this  encampment  for  special  legislation  ?  The  rules  and  regulations  of 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  provide  that  an}^  department  may  cut  off  the  repre 
sentation  of  their  past  post  commanders  or  of  their  past  department  commanders. 
Then  why  should  we,  the  national  encampment,  inflict  upon  the  departments  what 
they  do  not  desire  ?  Why  should  the  department  of  the  Potomac,  when  it  is  getting 
along  so  handsomely,  a  department  that  depends  so  largely  upon  their  past  post  com 
manders  for  advice  and  counsel,  be  compelled  to  rule  those  men  out  of  the  right  to  a 
seat  in  our  department  encampment,  because  some  department  in  this  great  organiza: 
tion  has  some  personal  difficulty  with  some  department  commander  ?  Resolve  the 
whole  argument  on  the  question  on  the  other  side,  and  you  will  find  it  grows  out  of 
some  personal  pique,  as  has  been  shown  by  the  comrade  from  Colorado.  I  hope  that 
the  report  of  the  committee  will  prevail. 

Comrade  Campbell,  of  Kansas — Commander-in-Chief :  I  do  not  want  to  prolong 
this  discussion.  It  seems  to  me  that  life  is  too  short  for  us  to  spend  very  much  time 
upon  this  proposition.  As  I  look  over  this  audience  to-day,  I  see  more  old  men  than 
I  do  young  men,  and  the  department  commanders  and  all  the  balance  of  iis  will  be 
dead  in  twenty-five  years,  and  let  us  get  as  many  together  while  we  live  as  we  can. 
[Applause.]  I  am  opposed  to  this  proposition.  You  men,  who  have  been  in  this 
national  encampment  much  more  than  ever  I  have,  have  never  yet  seen  the  day  when 
the  department  commanders  banded  themselves  together  for  the  purpose  of  carrying 
any  proposition.  They  never  did  it  here,  and  never  did  it  elsewhere.  You  say  the 
rank  and  file  of  our  order  is  not  represented  when  you  leave  the  department  com 
manders  here.  I  want  to  say  to  you  that  the  department  commander  we  have  in 
Kansas  to-day  was  a  high  private  in  the  rear  rank  when  he  was  in  the  army,  and  the 
department  commander  before  him  carried  a  musket  for  fourteen  months  in  the  army 
fighting  for  his  country.  The  past  department  commanders  of  the  United  States 


92  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

represent  the  rank  and  file  as  much  as  anybody  else.  I  am  not  a  department  com 
mander,  and  never  expect  to  be.  I  belong  to  the  rank  and  file ;  but  I  believe  that 
the  passage  of  this  measure  would  be  an  injustice  to  the  best  body  of  men  that  ever 
God  let  live.  [Applause.]  They  are  the  men  who  did  the  work,  and  they  are  men 
who  have  the  good  of  the  order  at  heart  as  much  as  any  others.  You  talk  about 
making  a  house  of  lords  out  of  it.  Let  me  tell  you,  when  a  department  commander 
is  elected  he  is  elected  to  serve  us.  He  is  not  a  lord,  he  does  not  become  a 
lord,  it  does  not  make  him  a  lord,  and  no  class  of  men  ever  wore  their  honors  more 
lightly  and  gracefully  in  any  country  on  the  face  of  the  globe  than  the  men  who  have 
been  honored  by  department  commanderships  in  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 
Be  just  to  our  membership.  Let  us  get  just  as  many  of  our  men  together  as  possible. 
Let  us  stand  by  and  with  each  other  in  place  of  raising  class  distinctions.  I  am 
opposed  to  the  proposition,  and  I  hope  it  will  be  voted  down. 

Comrade  Taylor,  of  California — Commander-in-Chief,  and  comrades  of  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic  :  I  rise,  Commander,  with  a  great  deal  of  diffidence  and 
reluctance,  this  being  the  first  time  I  have  ever  had  the  honor  of  standing  in  a 
national  encampment,  and  desire  to  say  but  a  very  few  words.  The  question  under 
discussion  is  a  monstrous  one,  and  demands  our  best  thought.  It  has  been  charged 
by  one  or  two  speakers,  that  personal  pique  actuates  some  of  those  who  are  in  favor 
of  excluding  past  department  commanders-  from  our  encampments,  unless  the}'  sub 
mit  to  election,  as  do  other  comrades.  If  it  does,  this  is  not  the  place  to  display  it.  I 
wish  to  say  that  on  my  part  there  is  no  personal  feeling.  I  am  not  the  sort  of  man 
to  indulge  it  without  just  grounds,  and  certainly  on  this  occasion  have  no  axe  to 
grind.  I  stand  here  to  ask  from  this  great  and  distinguished  body  of  men,  from  these 
old  maimed  and  battle-worn  soldiers,  simple  justice,  equal  rights,  and  equal  legisla 
tion.  The  time  has  come,  it  seems  to  me,  as  these  veterans  are  fast  going  down  the 
slope  of  that  hill  where  sits  the  shadow  shunned  of  men  when  we  must  not  be  gov 
erned  by  the  same  laws  which  governed  us  in  our  infancy.  We  are  in  our  manhood 
now,  and  we  want  to  have  representation  close  from  the  ranks  of  our  people.  That 
is  the  platform  of  our  republican  form  of  government.  I  say  no  unkind  words  of 
any  veteran  here  within  the  sound  of  my  voice,  who  bears  upon  his  breast  our  badge 
of  beauty.  To  me  all  are  comrades,  I  care  not  whether  it  is  General  Sherman  or  the 
humblest  private  soldier  in  the  ranks  ;  but  I  do  claim  as  a  citizen  soldier,  that  we  are 
not  represented  closely  from  the  hearts  and  hands  and  brains  of  the  posts,  when  we 
read  these  figures  showing  the  number  of  past  officers  who  are  members  of  the 
encampment,  to  be  414,  and  the  number  of  comrades  who  were  elected  fresh  from  the 
posts  to  be  310  That  argument  speaks  for  itself.  There  are  thirty-eight  departments 
in  these  United  States.  In  ten  years  the  numbers  will  stand  thus :  Delegates  less 
than  500,  past  officers  nearly  800.  We  are  dying  off  fast  my  comrades.  We  are  drop 
ping  daily  by  the  roadside,  and  our  elected  members  will  decrease.  In  the  depart 
ment  of  California  there  were  160  delegates  elected  at  the  last  encampment.  The 
commanders  and  past  officers  not  elected  number  270.  They  could  by  combining, 
destroy  all  the  influence  of  those  elected  fresh  from  the  ranks  of  our  comrades. 

A  comrade — I  would  like  to  know  whether  these  400  people  were  actually  pres 
ent  ? 

Comrade  Taylor — They  were  entitled  to  seats.  It  makes  no  difference  whether 
they  were  there  or  not.  They  could  have  presented  themselves,  and  it  is  the  princi 
ple  I  object  to. 

A  comrade — Do  any  past  officers  ever  die  ? 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  93 

Comrade  Taylor — They  are  dying  constantly,  just  as  fast  perhaps  as  the  others. 
But  our  membership  will  not  be  increasing.  That  is  not  the  question,  however.  If 
the  questions  will  come  one  at  a  time  I  will  answer  every  one  of  them.  The  same 
thing  occurs  in  the  thirty-eight  different  departments  of  our  republic.  Scarcely  one 
where  this  same  complaint  of  unfair  representation  has  not  been  made.  Those  who 
have  been  elected  heretofore  perhaps  would  not  now  receive  the  suffrages  of  their 
comrades. 

We  know  of  such  instances.  Do  such  men  justly  and  fairly  and  fully  represent 
the  posts,  their  ideas  and  sentiments  ?  Sir,  that  membership  of  this  kind  in  an 
encampment  is  permitted  seems  unfair,  and  I  mean  no  discourtesy  to  any  comrade  by 
this  expression.  Why  are  not  our  excellent  past  officers  willing  to  again  test  their 
power  of  usefulness  and  popularity  by  submission  to  the  ballot  ?  Commander,  all  I 
ask  is  that  this  question  may  be  calmly  considered,  without  passion  and  without  per 
sonal  feeling.  If  the  same  gentlemen  who  have  occupied  the  responsible  and  digni 
fied  positions  of  department  commanders,  wish  to  represent  us  in  national  encamp 
ments,  these  men  who  have  so  worked  for  the  dear  old  flag  in  the  interest  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  why  are  they  not  willing  to  go  again  to  their  comrades 
for  their  suffrages  ?  That  is  all  we  ask.  We  do  not  deny  their  merits.  We  do  not 
belittle  their  services  as  soldiers  or  citizens.  All  we  ask  is  that  they  submit  them 
selves  to  the  suffrages  of  their  comrades  in  their  posts  and  in  their  departments.  I 
ask  for  the  establishment  of  this  great  principle  in  the  national  encampment,  equal 
rights,  equal  legislation. 

Comrade  Salomon,  of  California,  Commander-in-Chief :  I  represent  the  rank  and 
file.  I  am  the  commander  of  James  A.  Garfield  Post,  No.  34,  of  the  department  of 
California:  My  post  numbers  276  men,  and  out  of  that  276  men  there  are  not  more 
than  ten  who  wore  the  shoulder-straps  during  the  war.  All  the  others  were  privates 
and  non-commissioned  officers  in  the  army  and  navy  of  the  United  States.  And  when 
that  post  was  informed  that  George  H.  Thomas  Post  and  Lincoln  Post  had  passed 
the  resolution  that  you  are  now  considering,  at  a  meeting  at  which  more  than  225 
members  were  present,  they  resolved  unanimously  to  instruct  me  to  oppose  these  reso 
lutions  here  in  this  encampment ;  and  therefore,  Commander-in-Chief,  I  was  anxious 
to  obtain  the  floor. 

Up  to  this  time  I  am  not  a  past  department  commander.  Up  to  this  time  I  have 
not  had  the  ambition  to  become  a  department  commander ;  but  since  listening  to  the 
speech  of  my  comrade  Taylor  I  am  very  anxious  to  become  a  department  commander, 
for  I  judge  from  the  argument  that  he  made,  that  department  commanders  never  die. 
[Laughter.]  Several  of  our  comrades  have  spoken  of  the  rank  and  file.  What  does 
it  mean  ?  Are  we  not  all  of  the  same  rank  in  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  ?  If 
we  are  not  the  charge  that  we  deliver  to  every  recruit  when  he  comes  in  is  a  lie,  for 
we  say  there  that  fraternity  without  regard  to  former  rank  is  the  broad  foundation- 
stone  on  which  this  order  rests.  What  is  this  about  rank  and  file?  I  say,  and  those 
private  soldiers  who  compose  my  post  say,  that  the  confidence  that  we  have  had  in 
those  comrades  whom  we  made  department  commanders  has  not  been  lessened  in  this 
department  in  a  single  instance  by  the  fact  that  they  have  commanded  this  depart 
ment,  but  our  confidence  in  them  has  been  increased,  and  we  desire  them  to  be  here  to 
represent  us  on  every  occasion  when  the  national  encampment  meets.  I  say  that 
they  have  been  sent  here  by  the  vote  of  their  departments  as  much  as  the  delegates 
who  have  been  directly  elected.  When  they  were  elected  department  commanders  it 
was  known  to  the  men  who  elected  them  that  by  virtue  of  that  office  they  would  be 


94  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

delegates  to  the  national  encampment.  I  hope,  and  I  believe,  that  in  the  interest  of 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  we  will  keep  all  comrades  who  have  proved  their 
zeal  and  their  devotion  to  the  order,  in  this  body  as  long  as  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  exists.  And  I  can  say  to  you,  as  a  member  of  the  general  committee  of 
management  of  the  department  of  California,  you  have  come  here  about  600  strong, 
you  have  complained  that  this  hall  is  not  large  enough,  I  know  I  express  the  senti 
ments  of  all  my  colleagues  in  that  committee  when  I  say  I  wish  you  would  come 
here  2,000  strong  as  members  of  this  encampment,  and  if  we  had  not  a  hall  in  this 
town  big  enough  to  hold  you  we  would  have  built  one  for  you.  [Applause.] 
Comrade  Conger  moved  the  previous  question,  and  it  was  carried. 
Comrade  Earl— On  the  motion  made  by  me,  I  ask  that  the  roll  be  called. 
The  Commander-in-Chief — Pending  the  report  of  the  committee  it  was  moved 
and  seconded  that  that  part  of  the  report  relating  to  the  constitution  of  the  national 
encampment  be  amended  by  the  substitution  of  the  Massachusetts  proposition.  I 
suppose  it  is  proper  in  the  first  place  to  take  the  sense  of  the  encampment  as  to 
whether  or  not  this  substitution  shall  be  made.  If  you  order  the  substitution  you 
will  understand  that  that  will  not  adopt  it,  but  will  simply  put  it  in  the  place  of  what 
ever  other  proposition  was  before  you,  taking  its  chances  for  final  action  as  the  other 
propositions  do.  You  will  understand  that  it  requires  a  two-thirds  vote  to  carry 
these  several  propositions. 

Comrade  Chipman — Commander-in-Chief,  I  make  this  practical  suggestion  : 
There  are  three  distinct  propositions  :  one  pertaining  to  the  post,  one  pertaining  to  the 
department,  and  one  to  the  national  encampment.  Why  not  dispose  of  them  in  their 
order,  taking  first  the  proposition  relating  to  the  posts. 

The  Commander-in-Chief — If  there  is  no  objection  to  that,  it  will  save  time,  and 
that  is  the  legitimate  order. 

Comrade  Potter,  of  Tennessee — Commander-in-Chief :  Do  I  understand  it  requires 
a  two-thirds  vote  to  make  this  substitution  ? 

The  Commander-in-Chief — No,  that  would  not,  but  the  chair  is  probably  mistaken 
in  his  understanding  of  what  the  substitution  was.  If  the  encampment  shall  con 
sent,  we  will  begin  with  the  post  and  run  down,  and  this  will  be  the  last  proposition, 
and  it  is  in  proper  shape  to  be  put  then  finally. 

Comrade  Earl — Commander-in-Chief:  I  rise  to  a  point  of  order,  that  the  previous 
question  has  been  moved  and  carried,  and  debate  is  not  proper. 

The  Commander-in-Chief — Nobody  is  debating,  but  we  are  trying  to  arrive  at  so 
simple  a  basis  that  there  shall  be  no  mistake. 

A  comrade  asked  the  question  whether  either  of  the  propositions  was  subject  to 
amendment. 

The  Commander-in-Chief — They  are  not  subject  to  amendment  now.  The  pre 
vious  question  has  been  ordered  on  the  whole. 

Comrade  Tobin,  of  Massachusetts — Commander-in-Chief :  I  rise  to  a  point  of 
order.  My  point  is,  that  the  Commander-in-Chief  has  already  ruled  that  the  question 
before  this  convention,  when  the  recess  took  place,  was  the  question  of  unseating  past 
department  commanders.  If  that  is  the  case  we  must  first  dispose  of  that  question, 
and  then  take  up  the  others  in  succession. 

The  Commander-in-Chief — That  is  true,  but  in  aid  of  good  order,  and  as  it  seems 
to  me  simplicity,  the  Commander-in-Chief  was  asking  unanimous  consent  to  begin 
at  the  right  end.  By  unanimous  consent  we  can  do  that.  Is  there  unanimous 
consent  ? 

No  objection  was  made. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  95 

The  Commander-in-Chief — There  is  no  objection.  The  first  question  is  as  to 
whether  or  not  the  rules  and  regulations  shall  be  so  amended  as  that  past  post  com 
manders  shall  no  longer  be  entitled  to  seats  by  virtue  of  being  past  post  commanders, 
in  the  department  encampment.  It  will  require  a  two-thirds  vote  to  pass  it. 

The  vote  was  taken  on  a  division  of  the  house,  and,  the  ayes  being  127  and  the 
nays  22,  the  proposition  was  declared  lost. 

The  Commander-in-chief— The  next  proposition  is  to  withdraw  from  past  depart 
ment  commanders  the  privilege  they  now  enjoy  of  sitting  in  department  encampments 
by  virtue  of  their  past  rank. 

The  proposition  was  lost. 

The  Commander-in-Chief — Now  we  come  to  the  question  of  the  constitution  of 
the  national  encampment.  The  Massachusetts  proposition  is,  that  hereafter  the 
national  encampment  shall  consist  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  and  past  Commanders- 
in-Chief,  so  long  as  they  remain  in  good  standing  in  their  respective  posts,  and  the 
other  officers  named  in  article  4,  section  2,  etc. 

Comrade  Earl — On  that  I  demand  the  ayes  and  noes. 

The  demand  for  the  ayes  and  noes  was  not  seconded,  and  a  vote  being  taken,  the 
proposition  was  declared  lost. 

The  committee  on  the  address  of  the  Commander-in-Chief,  through  its  chairman, 
Governor  Fairchild,  was  given  the  floor,  and  the  Commander-in-Chief  resigned  the 
chair  to  Senior  Vice  Commander-in-Chief  Connor. 

The  report  of  the  committee,  as  read  by  Governor  Fairchild,  is  as  follows  : 

Your  committee,  to  whom  was  referred  the  annual  address  of  the  Commander-in- 
Chief,  respectfully  submit  the  following  report  : 

The  various  topics  mentioned  in  the  address  are  so  pertinent  and  are  so  concisely 
and  eloquently  discussed  as  to  leave  little  room  for  this  committee  to  emphasize  any 
of  its  timely  suggestions. 

The  patriotic  sentiments  so  beautifully  expressed  and  the  hearty  thanks  given  to 
the  people  of  this  State  and  city  find  an  echo  in  your  hearts  and  in  ours. 

The  Grand  Army  has  again  been  most  fortunate  in  its  choice  of  a  national  Chief, 
and  we  most  heartily  congratulate  the  Commander-in-Chief  and  our  comrades  every 
where  on  the  success  of  the  administration  now  near  its  end. 

As  a  token  of  our  appreciation  of  the  efficiency,  ability,  and  fidelity  with  which 
he  has  discharged  the  arduous  duties  of  his  high  office,  we  respectfully  recommend 
that  the  council  of  administration  cause  a  proper  testimonial  to  be  prepared  and  pre 
sented  in  the  name  and  behalf  of  all  the  comrades,  to  Commander-in-Chief  comrade 
Burdett. 

Your  committee  have  carefully  considered  that  portion  of  the  address  of  the 
Commander-in-Chief  relating  to  Memorial  Day,  and  most  respectfully  recommend 
that  article  14,  chapter  v.,  rules  and  regulations  for  the  government  of  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic,  be  amended  so  that  the  last  clause  thereof  shall  read  as  fol 
lows  :  When  such  day  occurs  on  Sunday  the  preceding  day  shall  be  observed,  except 
where,  by  legal  enactment,  the  succeeding  day  is  made  a  legal  holiday,  when  such 
day  shall  be  observed. 

The  final  settlement  of  the  much-disputed  question  of  the  integrity  of  badges  is 
a  cause  of  congratulation,  and  our  Commander-in-Chief  is  entitled  to  the  hearty 
thanks  of  every  comrade  for  the  earnest  and  effective  manner  in  which  he  has  dis 
charged  his  duty  in  this  respect.  We  concur  in  the  recommendation  of  the  Com 
mander-in-Chief  that  the  design  recently  patented  be  adopted  by  a  formal  resolution. 


96  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

While  the  members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  most  heartily  indorse 
every  proper  effort  to  give  to  their  comrades  the  full  benefit  of  the  laws  of  our  coun 
try,  which  provide  that  those  who  have  been  honorably  discharged  from  the  military 
and  naval  service  by  reason  of  disability  resulting  from  wounds  or  sickness  incurred 
in  the  line  of  duty  shall  be  preferred  for  appointment  to  civil  offices,  we  are  of  the 
opinion  that  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  should  not  hold  itself  responsible  for 
the  acts  of  any  other  organization.  The  timely  warning  of  the  Commander-in-Chief 
in  this  regard  should,  we  think,  be  heeded.  Therefore  we  deem  it  proper  to  suggest 
that  we  extend  to  the  Veterans'  Rights  Union  our  hearty  sympathy  in  its  efforts  to 
serve  our  comrades  in  every  proper  manner,  and  that  all  comrades  will,  to  the  extent 
of  their  ability,  second  such  efforts  ;  but  it  should  be  distinctly  understood  that  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  as  an  organization,  is  not  and  will  not  stand  responsible 
for  the  acts  of  that  or  any  other  organization.  And  we  demand  the  rigid  enforcement 
of  section  1754,  revised  statutes,  and  an  amendment  thereto  so  as  to  give  preference 
to  all  honorably  discharged  soldiers  and  sailors  who  are  now  physically  disabled, 
whether  discharged  for  disability  or  not,  provided  that  such  soldiers  or  sailors  be 
found  competent. 

Your  committee  heartily  commend  the  suggestion  of  the  Commander's  address 
respecting  the  suspension  and  dropping  of  comrades  from  the  rolls  of  membership 
for  non-payment  of  dues,  and  recommend  an  amendment  of  the  rules  and  regulations 
providing  that  no  comrade  shall  be  dropped  from  the  roll  of  membership  except  by  a 
majority  vote  of  his  post  at  a  regular  meeting  held  at  least  four  weeks  after  notice 
given  at  a  previous  regular  meeting  that  such  vote  would  be  taken. 

We  also  approve  the  recommendation  that  the  surplus  funds  of  the  national 
encampment  be  invested,  and  kept  invested,  in  the  bonds  of  the  United  States. 

The  warm  words  of  commendation  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps  contained  in 
the  address  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  will  meet  with  a  hearty  response  from  every 
member  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  There  is  nu  brighter  page  in  the  his 
tory  of  the  Rebellion  than  that  which  records  the  heroic  sacrifices  of  American  women. 
At  the  fireside,  where  tears  are  shed  and  breaking  hearts  commune  with  God,  there 
may  be  found  a  valor  and  a  heroism  that  never  shone  on  battle-field  nor  answered  to 
the  trump  of  fame,  and  the  story  of  a  grander  martyrdom  than  any  page  of  history 
records  sleeps  in  many  and  many  an  humble  grave  where  a  woman's  pulseless  heart 
goes  back  to  dust.  It  is  fitting,  therefore,  that  the  patriotic  women  of  America  should 
share  with  us  the  work  which  recalls  a  past  in  which  they  bore  so  conspicuous  and  so 
honorable  a  part.  We  have  so  frequently  and  so  unreservedly  given  our  indorsement 
to  the  Woman 's  Relief  Corps  that,  as  our  Commander  suggests,  ' '  a  breach  of  promise 
would  lie  if  we  should  now  attempt  to  ignore  the  bargain  or  refuse  a  dutiful  perform 
ance  of  condition.  "  But  such  a  wish  is  furthest  from  our  thoughts.  Rather  let  the 
union  be  fully  consummated,  and  may  we  walk  together  in  faith,  love,  and  charity 
until  death  do  us  part. 

The  organization  known  as  the  Sons  of  Veterans  has  always  received  the  God 
speed  of  our  national  encampments.  It  is  a  natural  outgrowth  of  the  lessons  of 
loyalty  taught  by  our  order,  and  is,  we  believe,  destined  to  exert  a  powerful  influence 
in  behalf  of  loyalty  and  good  citizenship  long  after  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic 
shall  have  passed  away.  We  therefore  cordially  indorse  the  sentiments  expressed  in 
the  Commander's  address  touching  this  active,  growing,  and  useful  organization. 

Boles,  of  Arkansas,  moved  to  adopt  the  report. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  97 

Comrade  Allen — A  year  ago  the  national  encampment  at  Portland  gave  an 
emphatic  indorsement  to  an  organization  composed  of  a  number  of  our  comrades 
who  had  undertaken  to  do  a  work  in  which  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  as  an 
organization  had  been  up  to  that  time  thoroughly  ineffective.  If  this  report  is 
adopted  as  it  stands  now,  we  put  the  stamp  of  our  condemnation  on  the  act  of  the 
last  national  encampment,  and  with  cruel  mockery  we  say  to  the  Veterans'  Rights 
Union,  "  Go  ahead  and  we  will  pat  you  on  the  back  when  we  think  you  are  right,  but 
we  will  not  be  responsible  for  any  of  your  acts. "  In  connection  with  the  indors 
ation  of  that  organization  a  year  ago,  the  encampment  appointed  a  special  commit 
tee,  of  which  our  present  Commander-in-Chief  was  chairman.  The  speaker  who 
addresses  you  had  the  honor  of  being  one  of  its  members.  The  object  of  that 
committee  was  that  it  should  visit  Washington,  wait  upon  the  President  of  the 
United  States  and  the  heads  of  the  different  departments  in  co-operation  with  the 
Veterans'  Rights  Union  to  try  to  stop  the  bloody  ax  from  doing  the  work  of  demoli 
tion  of  our  comrades  throughout  this  Union  who  were  holding  offices  by  virtue  of 
the  federal  laws  of  the  land.  I  never  did  and  never  expect  to  be  one  of  the  bene 
ficiaries  of  this  Government  in  that  regard,  but  I  went  there  with  my  heart  full  of 
sympathy  for  the  brave  men,  limbless  and  eyeless,  whose  frames  were  racked  with 
disease  which  they  contracted  during  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  and  who,  one  by  one, 
throughout  all  our  southern  country,  at  least,  were  made  to  step  down  and  out  from 
the  rewards  a  once  grateful  nation  had  given  them,  to  make  a  place  for  men  who  met 
you  and  I  when  they  wore  the  gray  and  sought  to  destroy  the  government  we  fought 
to  maintain.  [Applause.] 

We  went  to  Washington  and  met  the  President  of  the  United  States.  He  met  us 
cordially  and  kindly.  He  gave  us  promises,  and  the  heads  of  departments,  especially 
from  the  great  State  of  New  York,  recognizing  the  power  of  this  organization  in  that 
State,  were  even  more  lavish  in  their  promises  than  the  chief  executive  of  the  nation. 
What  has  your  committee  done  save  to  make  that  visit,  while  from  that  day  to  this 
the  members  and  officers  of  the  Veterans'  Rights  Union,  which  I  do  not  belong  to, 
have,  with  unstinted  and  patriotic  devotion,  stood  day  after  day  and  week  after  week, 
not  to  lay  down  the  glittering  generalities  of  the  rights  of  the  Grand  Army  men 
under  the  law  of  the  land,  but  to  take  up  case  after  case  of  the  maimed  and  wounded 
veterans  of  the  war,  who  have  been  sacrificed  in  violation  of  law,  and  to  obtain  a  stay 
of  the  hand  that  was  seeking  to  lay  them  low  ?  Shall  we  in  this  encampment  say  to 
this  Veterans '  Rights  Union  that  we  repeal  and  revoke  and  annul  the  declaration  that 
we  made  a  year  ago  ?  What  have  they  done  during  the  past  year  which  should  make 
them  less  entitled  to  our  indorsation  than  they  were  a  year  ago  ?  The  record  they 
have  made  during  the  year  that  has  just  passed  shines  out  with  greater  and  grander 
luster  than  the  record  that  they  or  this  organization  have  before  made  in  that  respect 
since  the  close  of  the  war.  When  we  find  them  treading  upon  dangerous  ground 
we  can  give  our  condemnation  of  anything  that  they  may  do  that  is  wrong,  but  as 
long  as  we  find  them  organizing  and  laboring  only  for  the  protection  of  the  rights  of 
veteran  soldiers  of  the  Union,  let  us  give  them  year  by  year  the  same  indorsation  we 
gave  them  a  year  ago,  without  saying  by  implication  that  we  are  afraid  of  the  tail  to 
the  great  kite  which  we  are  flying.  The  report  of  the  commander-in-chief  of  that 
organization  in  speaking  of  the  department  of  Virginia  gives  a  list  of  thirty-three  of 
your  comrades  who  have  been  turned  out  of  positions  which  they  held  as  a  matter  of 
right  and  law,  and  nearly  the  same  number  of  ex-rebel  soldiers  have  been  appointed 


98  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

to  fill  their  places.  I  beg  of  this  encampment  to  take  bjr  the  hand  this  gallant  little 
band  and  say  to  them,  "God  speed  you  in  your  grand  and  hoi}-  work. " 

Governor  Fairchild — I  want  to  say  to  my  friend  who  has  given  such  an  eloquent 
address  here,  that  everywhere  in  all  this  broad  land,  wherever  there  is  a  comrade  still 
loyal  to  the  old  flag,  he  will  find  a  man  who  will  aid  the  Veterans'  Rights  Union  in 
its  efforts  to  secure  places  for  our  disabled  comrades.  I  know  3-011  will  acquit  the 
committee  of  any  desire  to  do  injustice  in  that  respect,  even  those  who  do  not  like 
the  wording  of  the  report. 

Tanner,  of  New  York — I  do  not  propose  to  undertake  to  add  anything  to  the 
oratory  on  this  matter,  but  I  have  a  little  practical  point  to  make  in  it  which  I  desire 
to  present  for  the  careful  consideration  of  this  body.  No  one  who  looks  upon  the  gal 
lant  comrade  from  Wisconsin  and  sees  the  empty  sleeve  swinging  by  his  side  will 
ever  dare  insult  him  with  a  charge  of  lack  of  sympathy  for  the  suffering  comrades, 
but  I  think  all  thoughtful  men  will  concede  that  there  is  an  unfortunate  turn  to  the 
language  used  in  this  recommendation.  A  year  ago  we  indorsed  the  Veterans'  Rights 
Union  at  Portland.  A  word  as  to  what  I  know  they  have  done  in  the  State  of  New 
York.  In  the  town  of  Seneca  Falls  there  was  a  comrade  who  was  postmaster.  He 
was  turned  out  of  that  postoffice,  and  a  bitter  copperhead  editor  of  the  war  was 
appointed  in  his  place.  The  Veterans'  Rights  Union  hung  the  nomination  up  in  the 
Senate  for  months,  and  I  learned  by  telegram,  yesterday,  that  the  nomination  has 
been  withdrawn  and  the  Union  soldier  sent  back.  [Applause.]  Three  Union  .sol 
diers  were  discharged  from  the  New  York  Custom-house — one  a  resident  of  my  own 
city,  who  had  left  the  army  as  the  comrade  from  Wisconsin  had  ;  another,  a  gallant 
soldier,  had  been  riddled  with  bullets  ;  another,  a  long  time  messenger  with  the  col 
lector,  with  a  skin  as  black  as  the  ace  of  spades  and  a  heart  as  white  and  pure  in  its 
loyalty  as  any  that  ever  beat,  a  man  who  left  New  York  to  get  a  place  in  a  colored 
regiment  over  in  the  commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  and  who  was  left  for  dead  on 
the  bulwarks  of  Fort  Wagner.  Now  comes  the  news,  while  we  were  journeying  across 
the  continent,  that  through  the  influence  of  the  Veterans'  Rights  Union,  Mr.  Cleve 
land  had  said  that  every  one  of  these  men  should  go  back.  I  ask  sincerely  what  has  the 
Veterans '  Rights  Union  done  that  the  Grand  Army  can  disapprove  of  ?  I  have  heard 
nothing,  and  I  move  as  a  substitute  for  this  portion  of  the  report  that  we  reunite  in 
the  expression  of  the  convention  at  Portland  a  year  ago  and  reaffirm  the  action  there 
taken. 

Several  men  called  for  the  reading  of  the  resolution  adopted  at  Portland,  and  it 
was  read  as  follows  : 

Resolved,  That  this  encampment  recognizes  and  indorses  to  the  fullest  extent  the 
objects  of  the  Veterans'  Rights  Union,  and  recommends  and  requests  the  various 
departments  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  to  institute  and  perfect  in  each 
department  an  organization  similar  to  those  already  in  existence  in  the  departments 
of  New  York  and  Pennsylvania,  for  the  protection  of  the  rights  of  the  veterans  under 
the  law.  Be  it  also  resolved,  that  a  copy  of  these  resolutions,  properl}'  attested,  be 
forwarded  to  the  President  and  Vice-President  of  the  United  States,  and  to  the  several 
members  of  the  Cabinet,  as  the  voice  of  the  300,000  members  of  this  organization  on 
the  question. 

Tanner's  amendment  was  adopted,  and  the  report  as  amended  was  approved,  and 
the  resolutions  presented  in  connection  with  the  report  were  adopted. 

The  encampment  then  took  up  the  question  pending  at  the  time  of  recess  in 
regard  to  the  status  of  past  officers,  the  Commander-in-Chief  again  resuming  the 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  99 

chair.  Considerable  discussion  was  had  upon  the  proposition,  participated  in  by 
Sampson,  of  Colorado,  Patch,  of  Massachusetts,  Senator  Thayer,  of  Nebraska,  Aus 
tin,  of  Ohio,  Rassieur,  of  Missouri,  Merrill,  of  Massachusetts,  Grover,  of  Washing 
ton,  Campbell,  of  Kansas,  Ta}dor,  of  California,  Salomon,  of  California  ;  and  finally, 
under  the  operation  of  the  previous  question,  the  several  propositions  were  voted 
down. 

Pierce,  of  Massachusetts,  presented  the  report  of  the  committee  on  resolutions, 
which  was  acted  upon  by  sections. 

Resolved,,  That  we  request  the  rigid  enforcement  of  the  provisions  of  section 
1754,  Revised  Statutes  of  the  United  States. 

Resolved,  That  patriotism,  justice,  and  equity  alike  demand  that  the  provisions 
of  section  1754,  Revised  Statutes  of  the  United  States,  be  so  amended  as  to  embrace 
all  honorably  discharged  soldiers  and  sailors  now  disabled  by  reason  of  wounds  or 
disease  contracted  in  the  service  of  their  country,  whether  discharged  for  physical 
disability  or  otherwise,  when  found  to  be  full3r  competent. 

Also  the  following  : 

Resolved,  That  the  obligations  which  the  Government  of  the  United  States  owes 
to  the  soldiers  and  sailors  disabled  in  its  service  differ  in  no  respect  from  those  due 
to  anj-  of  its  other  creditors,  unless  it  be  that  they  are  of  a  more  sacred  or  binding 
character,  and  in  the  payment  of  these  obligations  no  measure  for  raising  the  money 
required  should  be  employed  which  are  not  applied  to  every  other  species  of  indebt 
edness. 

Resolved,  Also,  that  the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Grand  Army  be  requested 
to  procure  orders  from  the  Secretary  for  the  Department  of  War  and  from  the  Sec 
retary  of  the  Navy,  permitting  the  officers,  soldiers,  and  sailors  who  served  in  the 
army  and  navy  of  the  United  States,  and  also  belong  to  this  organization,  to  wear 
the  badge  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  while  serving  in  the  army  and  navy 
of  the  United  States. 

The  committee  reported  favorably  on  an  application  for  the  reinstatement  of  Past 
Department  Commander  H.  A.  Castle,  of  Minnesota,  and  the  report  was  adopted. 

The  committee  reported  back  the  following  resolution,  writh  a  recommendation 
that  no  action  be  taken  : 

WHEREAS,  It  has  come  to  the  knowledge  of  this  national  encampment  that  the 
flag  of  our  country  has  been  lowered  at  half-mast  over  the  Government  departments 
at  Washington  in  honor  of  one  Jacob  Thompson,  of  Mississippi ;  and 

WHEREAS,  It  is  well  demonstrated  by  history  that  Jacob  Thompson  was  the  man 
who  organized  and  purchased  infected  clothing  to  spread  contagious  diseases  through 
the  North,  and  to  burn  northern  cities,  thereby  involving  our  soldiers'  families  in  the 
horrors  of  uncivilized  warfare  that  appalled  the  Christian  world  ;  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  By  this  national  encampment,  that  to  carry  out  one  of  the  trusts  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  to  protect  the  flag  unsullied,  we  can  but  condemn  the 
use  of  the  flag  to  honor  Jacob  Thompson,  or  any  one  who  aided  or  abetted  him  to 
inaugurate  such  unholy  and  savage  warfare. 

Anderson,  of  Indiana — I  move  to  amend  the  report  of  the  committee  by  putting 
that  resolution  on  its  passage,  or  to  substitute  for  the  report  of  the  committee  the 
resolution  as  read. 

Tanner,  of  New  York — I  wish,  sir,  that  the  comrade  had  not  offered  this  resolu 
tion,  and  that  Jake  Thompson  had  been  left  to  the  powers  that  are  in  possession  of 


100  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

his  spirit,  wherever  it  may  be ;  but  the  resolution  is  here,  and  I  venture  to  say  as 
long  as  we  are  to  act  upon  the  question  there  is  but  one  thing  for  us  to  say,  and  that 
is  that  it  was  insult  to  lower  the  flag.  -  [Applause.]  I  hope,  as  it  is  made  an  issue  in 
this  encampment,  that  the  encampment  will  speak  with  no  uncertain  sound  and 
adopt  the  resolution. 

Gobin,  of  Pennsylvania — Commander-in-Chief  and  comrades  :  There  was  not  a 
member  of  the  committee  before  whom  this  was  presented  who  did  not  agree  in  toto 
with  every  word  and  even-  sentence  expressed,  but  I  deprecate  the  idea  of  giving  any 
notice  or  any  consideration  to  a  man  as  dead  in  history,  as  dead  in  infamy,  as  Jake 
Thompson  is.  This  convention  has  enough  to  do  to  deal  with  living  issues  and  liv 
ing  men.  If  you  want  to  make  a  question  of  every  dead  man  and  every  dead  issue 
that  can  be  presented  that  shocks  our  sentiments  and  our  souls,  you -can  consume  all 
our  time  in  that  way.  I  agree  with  my  comrade  from  New  York,  that  if  it  was  here, 
we  should  meet  it  and  express  our  sentiments  with  no  uncertain  sound  ;  but  your 
committee  desired  to  dispose  of  it  without  bringing  it  before  the  convention,  feeling 
that  it  was  a  dead  issue,  that  it  stank  in  the  nostrils  of  the  people  as  the  act  of  the 
Secretary  of  the  Interior  did,  and  this  convention  was  doing  itself  dishonor  by  taking 
any  notice  of  either  the  man  in  whose  honor  the  flag  was  lowered,  or  the  man  who 
directed  it  to  be  done. 

Kountz,  of  Ohio — The  comrade  has  said  what  I  desired  to  say.  A  year  ago  it  was 
proper.  It  has  taken  the  Grand  Army  a  long  while  to  take  up  this  subject.  I  hope 
the  recommendation  will  be  sustained. 

Van  DerVoort,  of  Nebraska — IT  the  Grand  Army  has  one  fault  more  than  another, 
it  is  that  it  is  too  squeamish  in  regard  to  these  matters.  I  believe  in  loyalty.  Treason 
is  not  dead  yet,  but  lived  in  that  act  of  lowering  the  flag  at  half-mast  for  a  damned 
and  damnable  trraitor.  I  believe  that  when  the  old  soldiers  who  wore  the  blue,  and 
now  dignify  the  badge  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  that  was  given  for  faithful 
service,  see  an  act  like  that,  it  is  their  duty,  in  order  to  teach  the  children,  who  know 
nothing  of  the  matter  themselves,  to  stand  up  and  stamp  such  conduct  as  that  out  in 
this  republic,  no  matter  whether  performed  by  an  humble  citizen  or  an  official  high  in 
the  ranks  of  the  officers  of  this  republic.  I  believe,  sir,  in  keeping  alive  the  spirit  of 
loyalty  in  every  comrade.  Treason  has  not  died  out  but  stalks  abroad  in  the  land, 
and  when  the  old  traitor  who  was  the  arch  conspirator  of  the  Southern  Confederacy 
repeats  his  treasonable  sentiments  with  his  pathway  strewn  with  flowers,  I  believe  in 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  having  the  manhood  and  manliness  to  say  that  the 
flag  shall  ever  be  raised  on  high  only  as  an  expression  of  loyalty.  I  say  we  should 
not  only  express  our  protest  in  regard  to  the  act,  but  also  the  act  of  lowering  the  flag 
at  half-mast  in  the  city  of  Salt  Lake  while  these  loyal  people,  who  represent  the  sol 
diers  of  the  republic,  were  passing  through  there.  [Applause.]  Let  us  speak  as  we 
did  in  1861,  not  with  arms  in  our  hands,  not  with  sabers  flashing  in  the  air,  but  with 
our  souls  burning  with  the  spirit  of  loyalty.  [Applau.se.] 

The  resolution  was  adopted  by  an  overwhelming  vote. 

Van  DerVoort — At  this  stage  of  the  proceedings,  let  us  sing  "  Old  John  Brown." 

Comrade  Van  DerVoort  and  the  Kansas  delegation  struck  up  the  song,  and  the 
Commander-in-Chief  made  a  frantic  but  ineffectual  attempt  to  preserve  order,  keeping 
time  with  his  gavel  for  several  minutes,  and  finally  acknowledging  himself  van 
quished  surrendered  the  convention  to  the  musicians. 

The  comniittee  on  the  report  of  the  quartermaster-general,  through  its  chairman, 
Jones,  of  Nebraska,  presented  its  report  that  they  had  examined  the  report  of  the 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  101 

quartermaster-general,    and   concurred   therein   and  commended   the   officer  for  the 
faithful  performance  of  his  duty. 

The  committee  on  pensions  presented  its  report : 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  August  4,  1886. 

To  the  National  Encampment,  G.  A.  R.:  The  committee  on  pensions,  appointed 
under  resolution  of  the  national  encampment,  respectfully  submit  the  following 
report : 

During  the  year  your  committee  has  appeared  three  times  before  the  pensions 
committees  of  Congress,  to  iirge  an  immediate  enlargement  and  liberalization  of  the 
pension  laws.  One  of  the  most  important  measures  demanded  in  the  name  of  the 
Grand  Army  has  become  law,  in  the  increase  of  the  pensions  to  widows,  from  eight  to 
twelve  dollars  per  month. 

In  accordance  with  the  nearly  unanimous  expression  of  three  successive  national 
encampments,  your  committee  has  urged,  with  such  earnestness  as  we  could  com 
mand,  that  Congress  provide  for  placing  upon  the  pension-rolls  of  the  nation  every 
honorably  discharged  soldier  and  sailor  who  served  during  the  war  against  rebellion 
who  is  or  becomes  sixty-five  years  of  age,  and  every  one  who  is  or  may  become  disabled 
or  in  need,  without  requiring  proof  that  such  disability  is  in  consequence  of  or  the 
dependence  arising  from  such  service.  This  legislation  which  provide  pensions  for 
the  aged,  the  poor,  and  the  disabled — for  everybody  btit  the  absolutely  well  or  rich — 
and  forever  close  the  doors  of  the  alms-houses  of  the  land  against  the  entrance  of  any 
veteran  who  gave  to  the  country  his  services  in  the  hour  of  her  need. 

Your  committee  urged,  further,  a  liberal  increase  of  pensions  to  the  severely  dis 
abled  ;  that  dependence  of  parents  should  be  made  present  and  not  past ;  that  pen 
sions  to  minor  children  shall  be  increased,  and  the  time  during  which  aid  be  extended; 
and  that  there  shall  be  a  just  equalization  of  bounties.  Bill  1886,  practically  embody 
ing  the  recommendations  of  the  committee,  passed  the  Senate,  and  is  now  pending 
in  the  House. 

The  recommendation  for  an  increase  of  pensions  to  the  severely  disabled  also 
passed  the  Senate,  and  is  also  upon  the  calendar  of  the  House. 

During  the  present  session  of  Congress  this  committee  addressed  to  the  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  an  indignant  protest  against  the  proposition  to  brand  the  veterans 
as  beggars,  by  attaching  to  pension  bills,  and  in  other  species  of  legislation,  a  special 
measure  of  taxation  to  provide  for  the  pa}-ment  thereof. 

Since  the  organization  of  this  committee  other  of  its  important  recommendations 
have  been  ingrafted  into  the  pension  laws,  including  the  repeal  of  that  most  unjust 
provision,  in  force  for  twenty  years,  requiring  the  applicant  to  prove  his  physical 
soundness  at  the  time  of  his  enlistment. 

With  but  a  single  exception,  the  committee  has  received  the  most  courteous 
treatment  from  members  of  the  two  branches  of  Congress,  of  both  the  great  polit 
ical  parties.  One  man  alone — Colonel  William  R.  Morrison,  of  Illinois — cared  so 
little  for  the  plea  of  the  representatives  of  300,000  soldiers,  in  behalf  of  their  disabled 
comrades,  that  he  could  insultingly  break  off  a  two  minutes'  interview. 

After  an  experience  in  this  work  of  four  years,  your  committee  is  of  the  opinion 
that  it  is  alike  wise  and  for  the  best  interests  of  the  veterans  to  pursue  the  course 
marked  out  by  previous  national  encampments,  and  that  the  Grand  Army  shall  con 
tinue  to  demand  of  Congress  the  prompt  passage  of  the  measures  heretofore  indorsed 


102  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

by  this  encampment  in  favor  of  the  aged,  the  poor,  and  the  needy  veterans,  and  that 
until  this  is  accomplished  the  sick  and  the  well  can  afford  to  wait  before  demanding 
pensions  for  themselves. 

Respectful^-  submitted, 

JAMES  TANNER, 
JOHN  S.  KOUNTZ, 
JOHN  C.  LINEHAN, 

Committee  on  Pensions. 

Loring,  of  Massachusetts — I  move  the  postponement  of  that  report  until  the 
report  of  the  committee  on  resolutions  concerning  the  resolution  which  I  offered  has 
been  received.  I  do  that  so  that  this  whole  subject-matter  can  be  disposed  of  at 
one  time. 

Tanner,  of  New  York — I  hope  that  the  chairman  of  that  committee  will  consent 
to  that. 

Merrill,  of  Massachusetts — I  have  not  the  slightest  objection  to  that. 

Tanner,  of  New  York — In  other  years  there  has  been  a  claim  made  that  the 
advocates  of  service  pensions  have  not  had  a  proper  chance  to  present  this  matter. 
The  committee  on  pensions  wants  this  wholly,  freely,  and  fairly  discussed.  We  want 
the  calm  and  deliberate  judgment  of  the  national  convention  of  the  Grand  Army  of 
the  Republic.  You  cannot  get  it  to-night,  but  to-morrow  we  can  come  to  the  consid 
eration  of  the  subject,  refreshed  by  our  virtuous  slumbers,  and  take  it  up  and  do  it 
justice. 

The  motion  was  adopted. 

Hicks,  of  Minnesota,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted  : 

'•'•Resolved,  that  the  expenses  of  the  executive  and  auditing  committee  of  the 
cour.cil  of  administration  be  paid  by  the  twentieth  national  encampment  in  a  sum  not 
to  exceed  one  hundred  dollars  in  any  individual  case.' ' 

In  the  order  of  business  the  matter  of  fixing  the  place  of  holding  the  next 
encampment  was  reached  at  about  6:30  p.  M.,  and  an  effort  was  made  to  proceed  with 
that  business,  but  after  several  ineffectual  attempts  to  get  the  matter  before  the 
encampment  an  adjournment  was  taken  until  the  following  day  at  ten  o'clock. 

THIRD  DAY. 

The  encampment  opened  at  10  o'clock. 

The  Commander-in-Chief — If  I  can  have  your  attention  for  a  moment,  I  think  it 
will  be  useful  to  us  all  if  the  chair  states  his  understanding  of  the  condition  of  the 
business.  Two  of  the  committees,  viz. :  the  committee  on  adjutant-general's  report, 
and  the  committee  on  the  judge-ad vocate-general's  report,  have  not  yet  reported. 
The  committee  on  rules  and  regulations  and  ritual  and  the  committee  on  resolutions 
have  reported  in  part.  By  unanimous  consent  we  have  passed  from  time  to  time  from 
the  order  of  the  reports  of  committees  where  they  were  not  ready  to  take  up  other 
orders  of  business,  but  with  the  right  to  return  to  the  reports  of  committees  as  fast  as 
they  were  ready  to  make  such  report.  When  we  adjourned  last  night,  we  had,  in  the 
call  of  the  order  of  business,  progressed  so  far  as  new  business.  We  adjourned  pend 
ing  an  order  for  a  roll-call  of  the  ayes  and  noes,  as  to  when  a  certain  matter  of  business 
should  be  taken  up,  and  it  is  only  necessary  to  say  that  by  the  fact  of  the  adjourn 
ment  the  subject-matter  under  consideration  has  become  dead,  and  it  would  simply  be 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  103 

a  waste  of  time  to  now  make  the  roll-call  which  was  ordered.  Unless  there  is  objec 
tion,  therefore,  the  chair  will  consider  that  the  order  for  a  call  of  the  roll  on  the  ayes 
and  noas  is  dispensed  with.  If  then  there  are  now  any  reports  of  committees  they 
are  in  order. 

I  want  unanimous  consent  to  make  two  exceptions.  Comrade  William  T.  Sher 
man  has  requested  of  the  chair,  as  I  advised  you  the  other  day,  to  be  left  to  sit  with 
the  boys  and  do  business  ;  but  you  will  desire  to  hear  from  him  for  abovit  fifteen  min 
utes  certain  reminiscences  of  California,  which  will  be  honorable  to  this  body  to  have 
stated  in  its  presence.  [Applause.]  I  know  that  I  have  unanimous  consent  when 
the  proper  time  conies,  and  that  will  be  in  a  minute  or  two,  to  invite  comrade  Sherman 
forward. 

I  desire  unanimous  consent  for  the  presentation  of  a  resolution  cutting  down 
the  time  for  debate.  Comrade  Grosvenor  has  a  resolution  which  he  will  now  present. 

Grosvenor,  of  Ohio,  presented  the  following  : 

Resolved,  That  the  following  rules  and  limitations  of  debate  be  and  they  are 
hereby  adopted  for  the  government  of  this  national  encampment : 

First — No  member  shall  speak  but  once  upon  any  question  without  unanimous 
consent,  and  speeches  upon  all  questions  other  than  upon  nominations  of  officers  and 
the  selection  of  place  of  next  meeting  shall  be  limited  to  three  minutes. 

Second — After  the  chair  has  stated  the  question  and  debate  has  continued  twelve 
minutes  the  previous  question  shall  be  considered  to  have  been  demanded  and  sus 
tained,  and  the  main  question  shall  then  be  put.  Except  that  in  acting  upon  the 
report  of  the  judge-advocate-general,  thirty  minutes  shall  be  allowed,  to  be  divided 
equally  between  those  opposing  and  those  sustaining  the  same. 

Third — Upon  nominations  for  Commander-in-Chief  fifteen  minutes  shall  be 
allowed  to  each  candidate,  to  be  divided  as  his  friends  may  decide. 

Fourth — Upon  all  nominations  other  than  Commander-in-Chief  five  minutes  shall 
be  allowed  to  each  candidate,  to  be  divided  as  his  friends  may  decide. 

Fifth — Upon  selection  of  place  for  next  encampment  fifteen  minutes  shall  be 
allowed  to  each  place,  to  be  divided  as  the  friends  of  each  place  shall  decide. 

Sixth — These  rules  shall  not  apply  to  discussion  upon  the  report  of  the  pension 
committee,  nor  to  the  report  of  the  committee  on  resolutions  upon  the  subject  of 
pensions. 

A  motion  to  amend  by  excepting  nominations  of  Commander-in-Chief  and  loca 
tion  of  next  meeting  was  voted  down,  and  the  resolutions  were  adopted. 

Commander-in-Chief — I  have  now  the  great  pleasure  of  inviting  comrade  William 
T.  Sherman  to  the  front,  that  this  national  encampment  may  listen  to  his  voice. 

General  Sherman — I  first  apologize  for  appearing  in  evening  dress.  I  have  not 
had  time  to  put  on  my  uniform  coat  this  morning.  I  have  reduced  this  to  a  point  so 
plain  that  I  can  read  it  with  great  rapidity.  I  merely  want  to  file  it  with  the  society 
because  it  is  information  which  will  be  useful  to  you  all  in  your  future  proceedings. 
He  then  read  as  follows,  from  the  printed  address  which  he  held  in  his  hand  : 

GENERAL  SHERMAN'S  ADDRESS. 

Commander-in-Chief  and  Comrades:  The  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  is  com 
posed  exclusively  of  honorably  discharged  officers,  soldiers,  and  sailors  of  the  Union 
army  and  navy  in  the  great  civil  war  which  devastated  our  country  in  the  years 
1861-65. 


104  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

As  in  all  civil  wars,  this  one  aroused  the  fiercest  passions  of  the  human  heart, 
arraigned  father  against  son,  brother  against  brother,  and  often  wife  against  husband  ; 
its  battles,  engagements,  and  conflicts  are  numbered  by  the  thousand  (2,450);  its  cost 
in  human  life  was  more  than  half  a  million  of  the  best  youth  of  the  land  ;  in  dollars 
more  than  ten  thousand  millions,  and  in  destruction  of  property  even  more.  We  are 
the  surviving  actors  in  that  war.  "  With  malice  to  none,  and  charity  for  all,"  we 
have  come  to  this  far-away  city  to  demonstrate  our  love  for  the  wThole  country  and  to 
manifest  our  interest  in  everything  which  can  strengthen  the  Union. 

Men  who  have  only  engaged  in  a  single  battle,  or  a  single  campaign,  are  apt  to 
dwell  on  it  as  the  only  one  ever  fought.  I  have  known  men  who  were  at  Waterloo  ; 
they  could  not  be  convinced  that  it  was  not  the  only  real  battle  of  the  whole  world ; 
and  many  of  us  are  apt  to  assume  that  our  war  was  the  only  conflict  of  arms  worthy 
of  record.  Others  have  preceded  it,  and  others  will  succeed  it.  We  now,  with  a 
retrospect  of  only  twenty-one  years,  realize  that  the  civil  war  in  America  was  but  a 
single  step  in  the  progress  of  the  world  to  a  newer  and  higher  civilization.  The 
Revolutionary  War  demonstrated  that  the  thirteen  colonies  planted  by  Europe  on  the 
coast  of  America  had  attained  manhood,  and  had  the  natural  right  to  assume  all  its 
functions,  among  them,  independence.  The  War  of  1812  demonstrated  that  this  new 
nation  was  capable  of  defending  itself  not  only  within  its  own  domains,  but  on  the 
high  seas  and  everywhere.  Then  the  Mexican  War  of  1846-47  demonstrated  that  our 
race  and  institutions  must  reach  from  ocean  to  ocean,  from  the  lakes  to  the  gulf,  with 
ample  room  for  development;  and,  finally,  the  civil  war  demonstrated  that  we,  its 
citizens,  could  defend  the  Government  against  the  greatest  of  all  enemies — ourselves. 

FACTS   OF  THE   MEXICAX   WAR. 

Inasmuch  as  we  have  in  this  "grand  encampment"  heard  chiefly  of  the  more 
recent  events  of  the  civil  war,  I  ask  your  indulgence  if  I  give  some  unpublished  facts 
and  opinions  about  the  Mexican  War,  in  which  I  bore  an  humble  part  right  here  in 
California,  because  I  believe  the  Mexican  War  was  a  necessary  and  natural  precursor 
to,  if  not  the  actual  cause  of,  our  civil  war,  and  that  it  forms  an  important  link  in  the 
chain  of  our  national  history. 

The  memoirs  of  General  Grant,  recently  published,  revive  thoughts  which  had 
nearly  sunk  into  oblivion.  Few  of  those  who  now  hear  me  can  recall  the  events  of 
1836-37,  wrhen  the  American  colonists,  invited  by  Mexico  into  Texas,  revolted,  and  by 
force  of  arms  established  an  independent  government.  Texas,  by  the  victory  of  San 
Jacinto,  April  30,  1836,  became  a  republic  with  undefined  boundaries,  and  was  recog 
nized  by  ourselves,  England,  and  other  powers  as  an  independent  nation.  She  had 
her  president,  congress,  and  judiciary.  Still  everybody  felt  that  she  could  not  exist 
alone,  and  would  sooner  or  later  unite  her  destiny  with  some  more  powerful  neighbor. 
Naturally  she  gravitated  to  the  United  States.  Negotiations  for  annexation  began  as 
early  as  1842,  during  the  administration  of  President  Tyler,  were  not  concluded 
until  the  ist  of  March,  1845,  during  the  administration  of  President  Polk,  and  the 
date  of  her  admission  into  our  Union  was  only  December  24,  1845.  General  Grant 
describes  better  than  I  have  .seen  elsewhere  the  antecedent  military  events :  the 
assemblage  at  Fort  Jessup,  or  "Camp  Salubrity,"  near  Nachitoches,  Louisiana,  of 
several  regiments  and  companies  of  the  regular  army,  under  General  Zachary  Taylor, 
with  instructions,  as  soon  as  the  terms  and  conditions  of  the  Act  of  Congress  had 
been  complied  with,  to  occupy  Texas  as  an  integral  part  of  the  United  States.  The 
Mexican  Government  always  declared  that  the  annexation  of  Texas  by  the  United 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  105 

States  would  be  construed  as  a  declaration  of  war;  but  our  Southern  politicians 
regarded  Texas  as  a  means  whereby  they  could  maintain  the  equilibrium  between  the 
rapidly  growing  free  States  of  the  Northwest  and  the  Southern  slave  States,  inserting 
in  the  joint  resolution  of  annexation  a  clause  that  the  territory  thus  acquired  should 
in  time  be  divided  into  four  States  in  addition  to  that  of  Texas,  all  necessarily  slave 
States. 

THE    BOUNDARY   QUESTION. 

As  soon,  therefore,  as  Texas  had  assented  to  the  terms  and  conditions  of  the  act 
of  annexation,  General  Taylor,  by  order  of  the  President,  transferred  his  army  from 
Louisiana  to  Corpus  Christi.  There  still  remained  a  doubt  whether  the  southern 
boundary  of  Texas  was  the  River  Nueces  or  the  Rio  Grande,  and  this,  too,  was  con 
cluded  by  positive  orders  to  move  to  the  Rio  Grande.  General  Taylor  had  only  to 
obey,  and  marched  his  army  of  less  than  3,000  men  to  a  point  on  the  Rio  Grande 
opposite  the  town  of  Matamoras,  distant  150  miles  from  Corpus  Christi,  and  twenty- 
five  miles  from  Brazos  Santiago,  to  which  place  he  had  ordered  his  supplies  by  sea. 
There  he  began  an  intrenchment,  afterward  named  Fort  Brown,  where  he  left  the 
Seventh  Infantry  and  Bragg 's  battery  of  the  Third  Artillery,  whilst  he,  with  his  main 
body,  marched  to  Brazos  Santiago  to  obtain  supplies.  Having  secured  these,  he 
began  his  return  march,  and  on  the  8th  and  gth  of  May,  1846,  encountered  the  Mex 
ican  army,  under  General  Arista,  at  Palo  Alto  and  Resaca  de  la  Palma,  defeated  and 
drove  it  to  and  beyond  the  Rio  Grande,  making  junction  with  the  detachment  he  had 
left  behind.  These  battles  are  universally  construed  as  the  beginning  of  the  Mex 
ican  War. 

The  general  public  had  been  aware  for  months  and  years  of  the  angry  correspond 
ence  which  had  been  going  on  between  the  two  governments,  and  paid  little  attention 
thereto,  but  the  moment  a  battle  had  been  fought  and  blood  shed  the  whole  country 
was  aroused,  very  much  as  occurred  in  our  civil  war  when  Fort  Sumter  was  fired  on. 
President  Polk,  in  his  message  to  Congress  of  May  n,  1846,  described  all  the  nego 
tiations  which  had  led  up  to  this  result,  and  assumed  that  the  Mexican  army,  by 
crossing  the  Rio  Grande,  had  invaded  the  territory  of  the  United  States,  and  that 
"American  blood  had  been  shed  on  American  soil."  By  our  Constitution,  the  Presi 
dent  alone  cannot  declare  war,  though  he  may  create  it;  but  Congress  promptly 
affirmed  his  action  by  the  declaration  that,  "Whereas,  war  exists  by  act  of  Mexico, 
etc.,"  and  the  Mexican  War  went  on,  though  General  Taylor  and  the  army  generally, 
as  recorded  by  General  Grant,  always  doubted  whether  Palo  Alto  and  Resaca  de  la 
Palma  were  in  truth  and  fact  on  American  soil.  See  his  memoirs;  on  page  40,  vol. 
i,  he  says:  "Both  (Mexican  and  civil  wars)  in  my  estimation  were  unholy,"  and  on 
page  53,  "For  myself,  I  was  bitterly  opposed  to  the  measure  (Mexican  War),  and  to 
this  day  regard  the  war  which  resulted  as  one  of  the  most  unjust  ever  waged  by  a 
stronger  against  a  weaker  nation." 

ARE   AMERICANS   VAIN? 

Are  we  not  a  little  vain  or  "previous  "  in  assuming  the  exclusive  title  of  Ameri 
cans?  We  are  fortunate  in  possessing  what  we  believe  to  be  the  best  part  of  the 
North  American  continent,  but  the  dominion  of  Canada  and  the  republic  of  Mexico 
possess  a  large  share  of  "North  America,"  and  I  honestly  believe  that  the  popular 
cry  that  American  blood  had  been  shed  on  American  soil  in  1846  was  beneath  the 
dignity  of  this  great  Government,  and  that  the  cause  of  the  war  with  Mexico  was  far 
deeper  and  long  anterior  to  1846. 


106 

Thomas  Corwin,  one  of  the  gentlest,  kindest,  and  most  popular  of  men,  in  a 
speech  of  great  length  and  ability  in  the  Senate,  on  the  nth  of  February,  1847,  used 
this  expression  :  "  If  I  were  a  Mexican,  I  would  tell  you,  have  you  not  room  in  your 
own  country  for  your  dead  men  ?  If  you  come  into  mine  we  will  greet  you  with  bloody 
hands  to  hospitable  graves."  Had  he  made  this  speech  a  year  earlier,  it  might  have 
been  wise,  but  after  Congress  (the  war-making  power  of  our  Government)  had  acted, 
it  was  too  late,  for  his  duty  as  a  Senator  then  was  to  assist  in  bringing  the  war  to  an 
honorable  conclusion,  or  he  should  have  remained  silent.  This  speech  was  fatal  to 
his  political  career. 

AFTER   PALO  ALTO. 

The  Mexican  War,  however,  right  or  wrong,  was  surely  most  creditable  to  our 
military  fame.  After  the  battles  of  Palo  Alto  and  Resaca  de  la  Palma,  General  Tay 
lor  crossed  the  Rio  Grande,  invaded  Mexico,  pushed  forward  to  Monterey  and  Saltillo, 
near  which  he  fought,  in  February,  1847, the  really  great  battle  of  Buena  Vista.  Gen 
eral  Scott,  intrusted  with  another  army,  captured  Vera  Cruz,  the  famous  island  fort  of 
San  Juan  d'Ulloa,  and  marched  to  the  City  of  Mexico,  one  of  the  most  brilliant  and 
successful  campaigns  recorded  in  all  history,  which  compelled  Mexico  to  sue  and  treat 
for  peace.  Nevertheless,  I  believe  that  while  the  annexation  of  Texas  to  the  United 
States  was  undoubtedly  the  accepted  cause  of  the  Mexican  War,  the  real  cause  was 
different.  \Vhen  our  Revolutionary  War  closed,  the  territory  of  the  United  States  did 
not  extend  west  of  the  Mississippi  River,  but  by  the  treaty  with  Napoleon  of  April 
30,  1803,  the  United  States  acquired  by  purchase  the  two  provinces  of  Louisiana 
(Lower  and  Upper)  with  all  the  rights  and  title  ceded  to  France  by  Spain  in  the  treaty 
of  San  Ildefonso  of  October  i,  1800,  in  and  to  the  unknown  region  west*of  the  great 
river.  Explorations  by  military  men  were  made  of  this  region,  notably  by  Lewis  and 
Clarke,  Pike,  Long,  etc.,  and  it  was  not  until  August,  1843,  when  the  boundary  of  Ore 
gon  was  established  by  the  Webster- Ashburton  treaty,  that  the  49°  parallel  of  latitude 
became  definitely  our  northern  boundary,  and  the  42°  parallel  the  southern  boundary 
of  Oregon,  leaving  all  of  California,  Utah,  New  Mexico,  and  Arizona  in  the  possession 
of  the  Mexicans. 

Congress  made  the  most  liberal  inducements  to  Americans  to  emigrate  to  Oregon, 
influenced  chiefly  by  Senators  Benton  and  Linn  of  Missouri.  Quite  a  large  emigra 
tion  began  as  early  as  1841,  some  of  whom  was  diverted  to  California.  These  emi 
grants  followed  substantially  the  overland  route  by  the  Platte,  up  the  North  Fork 
through  Fremont's  or  the  South  Pass  to  Bear  River,  and  across  to  California,  or  the 
Columbia  River,  by  Boise  and  WTalla  Walla.  Congress  also  made  provision  for  the 
establishment  of  a  line  of  five  military  posts  along  this  route,  and  subsequently 
authorized  the  enlistment  of  a  regiment  of  mounted  riflemen  specially  to  guard  it. 

FREMONT'S  EXPLORATIONS. 

As  early  as  1842  Fremont  began  his  famous  explorations  westward,  first  to  the 
South  Pass,  at  the  head  of  the  North  Fork  of  the  Platte.  In  1843  he  explored  the 
Great  Salt  Lake,  which  had  been  previously  seen  by  Bridger  and  Bonneville,  but 
little  was  known  of  it  to  the  general  public,  and  thence  he  went  on  to  Vancouver,  near 
the  mouth  of  the  Columbia  River.  On  his  return  he  was  caught  by  winter,  and  was 
forced  to  New  Helvetia,  or  Sutter's  Fort,  in  California,  now  Sacramento  city,  whence 
he  returned  to  the  United  States  by  the  southern  route,  viz. :  the  San  Joaquin,  Tejon 
Pass,  Rio  Virgin,  Salt  Lake,  etc.,  all  then  Mexican  territory,  reaching  Missouri  in 
July,  1844.  His  reports,  then  first  published  in  book  form,  were  most  admirable,  and 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  107 

excited  a  furor  among  the  young  and  ardent  which  has  never  been  equaled  since.  In 
1845  he  again  started  on  his  third  expedition  to  Salt  Lake,  down  the  Humboldt,  or 
Mary's,  River,  again  crossing  the  Sierra  Nevada  to  Sutter's  Fort  in  midwinter, 
1845-46.  Thence  he  went  to  Monterey,  to  confer  with  the  Mexican  General  Castro. 
By  this  time  the  rumblings  of  the  coming  Mexican  War  had  reached  that  remote 
region,  and  General  Castro  ordered  him  to  leave  California.  Fremont  refused,  and 
took  a  strong  defensive  position,  with  his  little  band  of  sixty-two  trappers,  on  the 
face  of  "  Gavillan,"  or  Hawk,  Mountain.  General  Castro  marched  out  to  attack  the 
Americans,  but  prudently  halted  at  long  range,  and  Fremont,  after  waiting  a  few 
days,  broke  camp,  and  proceeded  by  the  San  Joaquin  and  Sutter's  Fort,  up  the  Sacra 
mento  Valley,  and  had  reached  Oregon,  when,  on  the  gth  of  May,  1846,  he  was  over 
taken  by  Lieutenant  Gillespie,  of  the  U.  S.  Marines,  bearing  a  short  message  in 
writing  from  Senator  Benton  for  him  (Fremont)  to  remain  in  California  to  identify 
himself  with  the  American  settlers,  and  take  a  lead  in  public  events,  because  \var 
with  Mexico  and  the  conquest  of  California  were  certain.  Lieutenant  Gillespie  had 
brought  this  message  from  Senator  Benton  across  Mexico  from  Vera  Cruz  to  Maza- 
tlan  before  the  declaration  of  war,  and  before  any  positive  act  of  hostility  had 
occurred.  I  do  not  find  this  fact  recited  in  any  public  document  or  any  history,  but 
it  was  a  matter  of  notoriety  in  California  in  our  early  days,  and  I  am  sure  Gillespie 
told  me  so  himself.  Fremont  with  his  party  turned  back  and  reached  Sutter's  Fort 
and  Sonoma  in  time  to  co-operate  with  the  American  settlers  of  the  Sacramento 
Valley,  and  those  north  of  the  Bay  of  San  Francisco,  who  had  broken  out  in  a  sort  of 
rebellion,  taking  as  prisoners  General  Vallejo  and  other  officers  of  the  Mexican  Gov 
ernment,  reside'nts  of  Sonoma. 

RUMORS    OF    WAR. 

Also,  in  1842,  Commodore  T.  Ap  Catesby  Jones,  commanding  the  Pacific  squadron, 
heard  at  Valparaiso  or  Callao  a  mere  rumor  that  Mexico  had  declared  war  against  the 
United  States.  He  sailed  for  California,  and  actually  took  possession  of  Monterey, 
October  igth,  hoisted  the  flag,  and  landed  his  marines  ;  but  within  two  days  he 
became  convinced  that  there  was  no  war,  and  that  he  had  made  a  mistake,  so  he 
apologized  and  withdrew  his  flag  and  the  marines  to  his  ship.  He  most  assuredly 
would  not  have  done  this  unless  he  had  received  written  secret  orders  to  that  effect 
as  early  as  1842,  four  years  before  the  Mexican  War  had  actually  begun. 

His  successor,  Commodore  Sloat,  in  command  of  the  Pacific  squadron  in  June, 
1845,  had  orders  from  the  Navy  Department  to  possess  himself  of  San  Francisco  and 
other  ports  of  California  as  soon  as  he  received  positive  knowledge  of  the  existence 
of  war:  "The  object  of  the  United  States  has  reference  to  ultimate  peace  with 
Mexico,  and  if  at  that  peace  the  basis  of  uti  possidetis  shall  be  established,  the 
Government  expects,  through  your  forces,  to  be  found  in  actual  possession  of  Cali 
fornia.  "  This  was  long  before  the  days  of  the  telegraph  or  steamers,  and  before 
Texas  was  admitted  into  the  Union  ;  but  the  tone  of  correspondence  between  the  two 
governments,  even  at  that  date,  warranted  fully  these  instructions.  Commodore 
Sloat  therefore  found  himself,  with  his  fleet — the  Savannah,  Cyane,  Levant,  Warren, 
and  Erie — most  opportunely  at  Mazatlan,  May  13-14,  1846,  and  soon  after  learned 
from  our  consul,  John  Parrott,  Esq.,  of  the  events  in  Texas  and  of  the  battles  of  Palo 
Alto  and  Resaca  de  la  Palma.  War  then  ' '  existed, ' '  though  the  formal  declaration 
was  not  received  till  long  after. 


108 


AN  ENGLISH  ADMIRAL'S  MISSIVE. 

At  that  time  also  there  la}-  in  the  roadstead  of  Mazatlan  a  British  line-of-battle 
ship,  the  Collingwood,  Admiral  Sir  George  Francis  Seymour,  a  noble  type  of  the 
English  naval  officer  of  Nelson 's  time,  whom  I  afterward  met  at  Valparaiso,  and  it 
was  the  general  belief  that  he  had  similar  orders  from  his  government  to  watch  our 
naval  operations  on  the  west  coast,  and  to  anticipate  us  in  the  game  of  "  uti  possi- 
detis"  as  to  California. 

Commodore  Sloat,  having  dispatched  the  Cyane  and  Levant  in  advance,  and 
leaving  the  Warren  to  follow  with  the  mail,  hoisted  anchor  June  8th,  and  in  the 
Savannah  frigate  stood  to  sea,  steering  for  Monterey,  California,  arriving  July  2d, 
where  he  found  the  sloops  Cyane  and  Levant.  On  the  jth,  having  made  the  usual 
demand  of  the  civil  and  military  authorities  to  surrender,  he  landed  Captain  Mervine, 
with  twro  hundred  and  fifty  marines  and  sailors,  who  took  possession  of  the  custom 
house,  fort,  etc.,  without  opposition,  and  hoisted  the  United  States  flag.  He  also 
dispatched  in  advance  couriers  by  land  and  sea,  to  Captain  Montgomery,  of  the  sloop 
Portsmouth,  in  San  Francisco  Bay,  who  promptly  took  possession  of  the  village  of 
Yerba  Buena,  hoisting  the  American  flag  there  on  the  i  ith  of  July.  The  American 
insurgents  were  already  in  possession  of  Sonoma  and  Slitter's  Fort. 

Hardly  were  our  naval  forces  in  full  possession  of  Monterey,  when  appeared  off 
the  harbor  the  Collingwood,  standing  in.  I  have  often  heard  our  naval  officers  speak 
of  their  feelings  and  speculations  at  the  time  as  to  the  probable  consequences  of  a 
battle  between  the  famous  English  warship  and  their  own  smaller  vessels,  Savannah, 
Cyane,  and  Levant.  As  she  neared  the  anchorage,  the  guns  were  cleared  for  action, 
the  men  were  called_to  quarters,  and  every  preparation  wras  made  for  battle ;  but  this 
formidable  ship  came  quietly  to  anchor  in  the  harbor,  and  Commodore  Sloat  sent  the 
usual  message  of  courtesy  to  Admiral  Seymour,  who  responded  in  like  spirit,  and, 
according  to  popular  belief,  remarked  that  our  commodore  had  stolen  a  march  on 
him,  but  that  on  the  whole  it  was  for  the  best. 

LETTER   OF   COMMODORE   WALKER. 

As  these  initial  acts  of  our  navy  possess  a  special  interest  to  the  pioneer  settlers 
of  California,  I  insert  entire  the  following  complete  and  valuable  letter  of  Commodore 
Walker,  now  at  the  head  of  the  bureau  of  details  of  the  Navy  Department : 

XAVY  DEPARTMENT,      ) 
WASHINGTON,  May  10,  1886.  j 
General  W.  T.  Sherman,  912  Garrison  Avenue,  St.  Louis,  Mo.: 

MY  DEAR  GENERAL — Your  note  of  April  3oth,  to  Silas  Bent,  Esq.,  asking  him 
to  furnish  you  with  certain  information,  from  his  recollection,  of  matters  at  Max.atlan 
in  1846,  has  been  sent  by  him  to  the  Secretaty  of  the  Navy,  and  referred  to  me  for 
reply. 

An  examination  shows  that  at  the  date  of  the  declaration  of  war  with  Mexico, 
May  13,  1846,  the  Savannah,  bearing  the  broad  pennant  of  Commodore  J.  D.  Sloat; 
the  Cyane,  Captain  William  Mervine ;  the  Levant,  Commander  Hugh  N.  Page,  and 
the  Erie,  storeship,  Lieutenant-Commander  C.  C.  Turner,  were  all  at  anchor  in  the 
harbor  of  Mazatlan,  and  that  the  Warren,  Commander  J.  B.  Hull,  arrived  the  follow 
ing  day,  May  i4th. 

The  logs  of  these  ships  show  that  her  Britannic  Majesty's  ship  Collingivood, 
the  flagship  of  Rear  Admiral  Sir  George  Francis  Seymour,  got  under  weigh  at  6  A.  M. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  109 

on  the  1 3th,  went  outside  and  stood  off  and  on  the  harbor.  The  log  of  the  Warren 
shows  that  on  the  226.  the  Collingwood  was  off  the  harbor  ;  she  came  in  and  anchored 
on  the  23d,  and  on  the  25th,  at  meridian,  got  under  weigh  and  went  to  sea.  On  the 
igth  of  May  the  Cyanc  went  to  sea,  followed  on  the  2Oth  by  the  Levant  and  Erie. 

Commodore  Sloat  reports  that  on  the  jth  of  June  he  received  information  that  a 
state  of  war  existed  between  Mexico  and  the  United  States ;  that  he  sailed  on  the 
following  day,  the  8th,  for  the  coast  of  California  to  carry  out  the  orders  of  the  24th 
of  June,  1845,  leaving  the  Warren  at  Mazatlan  to  take  him  any  dispatches  or  impor 
tant  information  that  might  reach  there. 

There  is  nothing  in  the  log-books  or  report  to  show  that  the  Savannah  was  followed 
or  watched  by  the  Collingwood.  The  Savannah  arrived  at  Monterey  on  the  2d  of 
July,  finding  the  Cyane  and  Levant  in  port.  On  the  gth,  the  commandant  having 
declined  to  surrender  the  place,  a  force  was  landed  and  possession  was  taken.  The 
Collingwood,  with  Rear  Admiral  Sir  George  Francis  Seymour  on  board,  arrived  on 
the  1 6th,  when  the  usual  tender  of  courtesies  and  the  facilities  of  the  port  were 
offered.  The  Collingwood  was  subsequently  furnished  with  a  set  of  topgallant-masts 
and  other  spars,  and  sailed  on  the  23d  for  the  Sandwich  Islands. 
The  report  says : 

' '  The  visit  of  the  admiral  was  very  serviceable  to  our  cause  in  California,  as  the 
inhabitants  fully  believed  he  would  take  part  with  them,  and  that  we  would  be 
obliged  to  abandon  our  conquest ;  but  when  they  saw  the  friendly  intercourse  subsist 
ing  between  us  and  found  that  he  could  not  interfere  in  their  behalf,  they  abandoned 
all  hope  of  ever  seeing  the  Mexican  flag  fly  in  California  again. " 

But  there  is  nothing  to  show  that  the  English  admiral  said  that  he  should  have 
taken  possession  of  California  in  the  name  of  Great  Britain  if  Commodore  Sloat  had 
not  already  taken  possession  in  the  name  of  the  United  States. 

The  Cyane  and  Levant  went  directly  from  Mazatlan  to  Monterey,  the  Cyane 
arriving  June  2oth,  the  Levant  arriving  July  ist.  The  Erie  went  to  Honolulu  and 
afterward  to  San  Francisco. 

A  report  has  been  current  in  our  navy  that  the  English  intended  taking  posses 
sion  of  California,  and  were  only  prevented  by  the  fact  of  finding  the  United  States 
in  possession,  but  I  can  find  nothing  official  in  support  of  this. 

If  I  can  be  of  any  further  use  to  you  in  this  or  other  matters,  please  com 
mand  me. 

Very  truly  yours, 

J.  G.  WALKER. 

My  conclusion  is  that  the  yth  day  of  July,  1846,  is  the  true  date  of  the  conquest 
of  California  by  the  United  States.  The  California  Pioneers,  of  which  society  I  am 
proud  to  be  a  member,  are  inclined  to  adopt  an  earlier  date  viz.,  June  18,  1846,  when 
Wm.  B.  Ide  hoisted  at  Sonoma  the  old  Bear  nag  (still  jealously  preserved),  or  July 
4,  1846,  when  the  American  settlers  north  of  the  Bay  of  San  Francisco  issued  their 
declaration  of  independence.  Neither  of  these  acts  was,  however,  assumed,  so  far  as 
I  can  learn,  by  the  General  Government,  and  the  Pioneers  celebrate  the  igth  of  Octo 
ber,  which  is  the  anniversary  of  the  admission  of  California  into  the  Union  in  1850. 

READY   TO   OCCUPY   CALIFORNIA. 

I  do  not  wish  to  fatigue  you  with  the  details  of  the  measures  which  ensued  and 
are  given  in  all  the  current  histories  of  California,  save  that  Commodore  Sloat  was 
soon  replaced  by  Stockton,  who,  in  co-operation  with  Colonel  Fremont  and  his  bat- 


110  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

talion  of  California  Volunteers,  occupied  the  ports  south  of  Monterey,  viz.:  Santa 
Barbara,  San  Pedro,  Los  Angeles,  and  San  Diego.  In  rapid  succession  Stockton  was 
succeeded  by  Shubrick  ;  he  by  Biddle,  and  he  again  by  Thos.  Ap  C.  Jones. 

Meantime  the  Government  in  Washington  had  also  taken  effectual  measures  to 
occupy  California  by  land  forces,  so  as  to  be  in  full  possession  of  the  country  when 
the  treaty  of  peace  should  come. 

The  company  of  artillery  to  which  I  belonged  (Tompkins*  F,  Third  Artillery)  was 
dispatched  in  the  naval  storeship  Lexington  around  Cape  Horn,  leaving  New  York 
July  14,  1846,  and  arrived  at  Monterey,  then  regarded  as  the  capital  of  Upper  Cali 
fornia,  on  the  29th  of  January,  1847. 

STEVENSON'S  VOLUNTEERS. 

Stevenson 's  regiment  of  volunteers,  specially  enlisted  as  emigrants  and  mechanics, 
left  New  York  in  September,  in  three  ships,  arriving  at  San  Francisco  Bay  in  March, 
1847.  These  troops  had  to  come  around  Cape  Horn  in  sailing-vessel,  necessitating  a 
voyage  of  23,000  miles  in  six  months'  time  ;  and  to  make  assurance  doubly  sure  the 
Government  at  Washington  had  instructed  General  S.  W.  Kearny,  after  securing 
possession  of  New  Mexico,  to  go  to  California,  which  he  reached  in  December,  1846, 
followed  by  the  battalion  of  Mormons,  commanded  by  Philip  St.  George  Cooke,  with 
which  were  serving  Captain  A.  J.  Smith  and  Lieutenant  George  Stoneman,  so  that 
by  the  spring  of  1847  we  had  of  land  forces  Colonel  Fremont  and  his  battalion  of 
California  pioneers,  General  Kearny,  with  two  companies  of  dragoons  and  five  com 
panies  of  Mormons,  one  company  of  regular  artillery,  and  Colonel  Stevenson's  regi 
ment  of  volunteers  ;  and  on  the  part  of  the  navy,  Commodore  Stockton,  Commodore 
Shubrick,  Commodore  Biddie,  and  Commodore  T.  Ap  C.  Jones,  with  the  Pacific 
and  Asiatic  squadrons,  comprising  a  good  share  of  the  navy  of  the  United  States. 
General  Kearny  was  succeeded  by  Colonel  R.  B.  Mason,  and  he  by  Colonel  B.  Rile}1, 
all  experienced  and  able  soldiers. 

Proclamations  without  number  were  made  that  the  Yankees  had  come  to  stav ; 
and  the  natives  were  assured  that  they  should  be  protected  in  their  lives  and  propertv. 
So  that  I  believe  that  long  anterior  to  the  Mexican  War  our  Government  and  most  of 
our  leading  American  statesmen  had  resolved  to  acquire  California,  cost  what  it 
might,  as  an  essential  step  in  our  national  progress.  I  remember  well  to  have  met  a 
man  at  Bodega  in  1848,  who  had  in  operation  the  only  steam  saw-mill  at  that  time  in 
California,  who  told  me  that  Mr.  Webster  had,  long  before  the  Mexican  War,  advised 
him  to  emigrate  to  California,  because  that  country  was  destined  soon  to  become  a 
part  of  the  United  States.  It  is  as  true  of  nations  as  of  men, 

There  is  a  tide  in  the  affairs  of  men 

Which  taken  at  the  flood  leads  on  to  fortune. 

Omitted,  all  the  voyage  of  this  life 

Is  bound  in  shallows  and  in  miseries. 

On  such  a  full  sea  we  are  now  afloat, 

And  we  must  take  the  current  when  it  serves, 

Or  lose  our  ventures. 

—Julius  Ceesar,  Act  iv.,  Scene  3. 

WESTWARD   THE   TIDE. 

From  the  day  when  Napoleon  sold  to  our  commissioners  in  France,  April  30, 
1803,  the  Spanish  provinces  of  Upper  and  Lower  Louisiana  and  the  undefined  terri 
tories  beyond,  there  was  a  tide  which  swept  us  on  to  the  Pacific  Coast  with  a  force 
that  was  irresistible.  Oregon  was  the  first  step,  and  California  a  necessary  sequence ; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  Ill 

and  even  had  there  been  no  Texas,  no  Nueces  or  Rio  Grande,  and  no  such  Mexican 
War  as  actuall)-  occurred,  California  was  destined  to  become  a  part  of  the  United 
States.  The  Spaniards  as  early  as  1596  began  to  explore  the  coast  and  to  acquire  a 
quasi  title  by  discovery.  Settlements  by  them  began  about  the  beginning  of  the  last 
century,  but  no  progress  was  made  till  1769,  and  then  only  in  the  form  of  missions 
to  civilize  and  christianize  the  Indians.  These  had  progressed  till  1776,  when  the 
Mission  of  Dolores,  or  San  Francisco  de  Assis,  was  established  here. 

Spain  and  Mexico  had  held  this  country,  with  free  and  unobstructed  commu 
nication  by  land  and  sea,  for  a  full  century,  yet  in  1846  the  highest  estimate  of 
population,  embracing  Indians,  natives,  and  foreigners,  did  not  exceed  23,000  souls. 
The  divine  command  was  to  "go  forth,  increase,  multiply,  and  replenish  the  earth." 
Neither  the  kingdom  of  Spain  nor  republic  of  Mexico  had  obe3'ed  this  ' '  command  ' ' 
in  California,  for  the  land  was  uncultivated,  the  country  in  a  state  of  nature.  A 
dozen  or  more  missions  and  pueblos  were  strung  along  the  coast,  at  an  average  of  a 
day's  ride  on  'horseback  apart ;  a  few  scattered  ranches  existed,  with  wide  intervals; 
wild  horses  and  cattle  were  grazing  on  the  plains  and  hillsides ;  the  civil  authority 
was  incompetent,  and  the  military  power  ridiculous.  There  was  not  a  wharf  at  which 
a  ship  could  lie  to  discharge  and  receive  cargo ;  not  a  dock  at  which  repairs  could  be 
made — none  of  the  facilities  which  the  commerce  of  the  world  demands  of  all  civil 
ized  countries.  There  was  not  a  manu factor}-  in  the  whole  country  worthy  the  name  ; 
not  a  steam-engine  save  that  at  Bodega  ;  not  a  wheeled  vehicle,  except  the  "carreta" 
of  the  native,  the  same  that  was  used  in  Egypt  in  the  time  of  Moses,  or  the  few 
rickety  wagons  brought  across  the  plains  by  American  emigrants  ;  not  a  blacksmith 
shop,  where  a  horse  could  be  shod ;  not  a  brick  or  bit  of  quarried  stone,  only  the 
sun-dried  adobe ;  no  schools ;  nothing  superior  to  what  our  Indians  now  possess. 
Such  was  California  when  it  fell  to  us  in  1846,  and  behold  the  change  in  forty  years! 
A  busy,  thriving  population  of  more  than  a  million  of  people,  deriving  from  the  soil 
and  mines  enough  for  their  own  use,  with  an  annual  surplus  of  a  hundred  million 
dollars '  worth  of  produce  for  the  rest  of  mankind  ;  the  harbors  filled  with  the  finest 
steamers  and  clippers  by  which  the  commerce  of  the  world  is  carried  on ;  with 
wharves,  dn-docks,  foundries,  and  machine-shops  which  rival  those  of  Liverpool  and 
fulfill  in  an  eminent' degree  the  requirements  of  civilization  on  this  most  important 
seaboard. 

VINDICATING  THE   GOVERNMENT. 

Having  been  personally  associated  with  California  from  1846  to  1858,  I  would 
delight  to  trace  her  progress  upward ;  but  that  is  not  my  purpose  now.  I  desire 
simply  to  vindicate,  as  far  as  I  can,  our  Government  from  any  stain  of  ungenerous 
or  unkind  dealing  with  our  weaker  neighbor,  the  republic  of  Mexico. 

When  the  Mexican  War  closed  in  1848  we  were  in  absolute  possession  of  all  New 
Mexico,  Arizona,  California,  and  the  intermediate  country,  as  well  as  of  Lower  Cali 
fornia  and  parts  of  Sonora  and  Sinaloa,  when,  by  international  law  and  the  doctrine 
of  nti  possidetis,  we  could  have  held  them  all  without  compensation ;  yet  our  Gov 
ernment  did,  in  the  treaty  of  peace,  stipulate  to  relinquish  all  conquests  south  of  San 
Diego  and  to  pay  for  the  territory  retained  after  the  war  the  sum  of  $15,000,000,  a 
fair  and  reasonable  compensation  at  the  time.  The  first  boundary  agreed  on  by  the 
treaty  of  Guadalupe  Hidalgo,  February  2,  1848,  was  substantially  the  Rio  Grande,  or 
Bravo,  from  its  mouth,  in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  to  El  Paso ;  thence  west  along  the 
southern  boundary  of  New  Mexico  to  its  west  boundary ;  thence  north  to  the  river 
Gila,  and  down  that  river  to  its  mouth,  and  by  a  .straight  line  to  the  Pacific  Ocean, 
one  league  south  of  the  bay  of  San  Diego. 


112  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

METEORIC    RISE. 

The  very  moment  our  Government  had  secured  title  to  this  vast  region  it  began 
a  series  of  explorations  and  surveys  looking  to  the  transcontinental  railroads  and  to 
increased  development.  These  surveys  showed  that  the  best  southern  route  for  a 
railroad  was  south  of  the  river  Gila,  and  negotiations  were  begun  by  our  minister  in 
Mexico,  Mr.  Gadsden,  when,  by  treaty  of  December  30,  1853,  the  present  southern 
boundary  was  agreed  on,  for  which  ten  millions  more  of  dollars  were  paid  to  Mexico. 
Thus  \ve  paid  to  Mexico  $25,000,000  for  territory  which  she  was  unable  to  populate 
or  govern,  and  we,  as  a  people,  can  safely  challenge  the  world  for  an  example  of  as 
fair  dealing  with  a  conquered  neighbor  as  is  presented  by  the  United  States  to  Mexico 
in  1848  and  1853.  Since  1846  the  rise  of  California  has  been  more  like  a  meteor  in 
the  skies  than  the  visual  slow  and  systematic  development  of  newly  discovered  land. 
This,  to  be  sure,  was  occasioned  in  part  by  the  accidental  discovery  of  gold  in  1848, 
the  very  gold  for  which  the  Spaniards  and  Mexicans  had  been  dreaming  for  centuries, 
and  this  gold  has  almost  revolutionized  the  world.  But  even  now  this  has  diminished 
in  importance  as  compared  with  the  products  of  the  soil.  When  we  were  here  in 
early  days  wheat  was  a  rarity.  We  had  to  send  to  Valparaiso  and  Guaymas  as  late 
as  1848  for  the  flour  to  make  bread  for  our  soldiers.  Now  California  produces,  of 
wheat  alone,  enough  for  her  population,  and  a  surplus  of  fifty  millions  of  bushels  for 
export.  You  will  hear  and  see  at  the  markets  all  you  want  of  the  fruit,  vegetables, 
and  flowers  of  California,  but  I  will  tell  you  since  I  have  been  a  man  grown  I  have 
ridden  on  horseback  from  Monterey  to  San  Francisco  without  a  house  to  sleep  in  by 
the  way,  where  are  now  hotels,  palaces,  and  houses  as  luxurious  as  the  best  of  England 
or  France.  I  could  in  1847  have  bought  land  by  the  league  of  4,444  acres  for  a  thou 
sand  dollars,  that  now  in  some  parts  is  worth  a  thousand  dollars  an  acre ;  and  I  actu 
ally  quarreled  with  my  best  friend,  Captain  Folsom,  for  advising  me  to  buy  a  fifty -vara 
lot  on  Montgomery  Street,  with  an  out-lot  of  100  varas  on  Market  Street,  for  a 
doubloon,  sixteen  dollars.  I  then  considered  San  Francisco  as  the  most  God-forsaken 
spot  of  our  continent,  with  the  whirling  sands  of  Africa  and  the  winds  of  Cape  Horn. 
Such  an  investment  of  dollars  in  1847  would  to-day  be  as  man}-  millions.  So,  my 
soldier  friends,  you  can  see  that  our  foresight  is  not  as  g.ood  as  our  hind-sight ;  and 
vet  I  have  my  doubts  if,  with  our  system  of  State,  county,  and  municipal  taxation,  a 
purchase  of  land  made  at  that  date  might  not  have  hopelessly  impoverished  me, 
because  I  am  told  that  hardly  a  single  native  of  California  who  owned  and  occupied 
his  leagues  of  land  in  1846  now  owns  a  foot  of  his  native  soil.  I  know  that  Captain 
Sutter,  who  once  owned  the  Hock  farm  of  eleven  leagues,  and  three  more  at  the  site 
of  Sacramento  city,  died  recently  in  Pennsylvania  absolutely  poor;  and  I  have 
inquired  after  many  of  my  old  ranchero  friends,  who  in  1847  owned  their  leagues  of 
land,  with  herds  of  horses,  cattle,  and  sheep,  who  have  been  impoverished  and  driven 
to  death  or  exile  by  taxes.  There  is  yet  plenty  of  room  for  reflection  and  for  amend 
ment  in  this  our  glorious  land  of  liberty  before  the  coming  millennium. 

THE   ORIGINAL   CALIFORNIANS. 

Nevertheless  when  I  look  about  me  now  and  compare  the  condition  of  California 
with  what  it  was  in  1847,  I  cannot  help  admiring  and  glorifying  the  enterprise  and 
industry  of  our  fellow-countrymen.  The  native  Mexican  population  we  found  here 
on  arrival  were  content  and  happy ;  they  were  kind,  gentle,  and  most  hospitable,  but 
they  occupied  more  of  the  earth's  surface  than  was  compatible  with  modem  civiliza 
tion.  They  also  held  the  Pacific  Coast  from  Mendocino  to  San  Diego  with  commercial 


GRAND   ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  113 

ports  for  which  they  had  no  use,  but  which  were  indispensable  to  the  growing  repub 
lic  of  the  United  States.  That  condition  had  to  perish  to  make  possible  the  pre 
destined  new  birth,  in  order  that  we  might  seize  the  tide  in  the  affairs  of  men  which 
had  to  be  taken  at  its  young  flood  to  lead  on  to  fortune.  Our  statesmen  could  not 
have  neglected  the  opportunity  without  seeing  this  most  valuable  country  pass  into 
other  and  unfriendly  hands.  I  therefore  contend  that  the  conquest  of  California  was 
long  premeditated,  was  the  real  cause  of  the  Mexican  War,  and  that  its  possession 
was  an  absolute  necessity  to  complete  the  present  glorious  Union. 

The  old  Union  of  our  boyhood  days,  represented  by  an  arch  resting  on  the  Green 
Mountains  of  Vermont  and  the  sands  of  Florida,  with  Pennsylvania  the  keystone,  is 
fast  becoming  the  subject  of  history  if  not  of  tradition.  A  new  Union  has  been  created, 
grander  in  its  proportions  and  more  glorious  in  its  promises  of  strength  and  perpetuity, 
the  abutments  of  whose  arch  are  the  two  mighty  oceans  of  the  earth,  and  whose  key 
stone  is  the  Mississippi  Valley. 

PLEA    FOR    CONCILIATION. 

It  was  folly  to  style  Delaware,  Maryland,  Virginia,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Mis 
souri,  and  Arkansas  "Southern  "  because  a  few  slaves  were  held  there  in  bondage, 
for  the  Almighty  had  ordained  for  them  the  snow  and  ice  of  winter  as  also  the  quick 
ening  impulse  of  summer  ;  there  prevail  the  oak,  the  hickory,  the  dogwood,  the  elm, 
maple,  and  chestnut — all  trees  of  the  temperate  zone  ;  and  the're  grow  the  hardy  seeds 
on  which  we  subsist,  wheat,  rye,  barley,  buckwheat,  and  corn.  Georgia,  Alabama, 
Texas,  Louisiana,  and  even  Florida,  which  though  still  in  the  temperate  zone  are 
nearest  the  tropics,  are  feeling  new  life  by  diversified  crops,  production,  and  indus 
tries,  and  their  people  experience  difficulty  in  raising  oranges,  rice,  and  sugar-cane  by 
reason  of  frost  and  ice.  All  of  our  country  except  Alaska  is  in  the  temperate  zone, 
which,  since  the  beginning  of  time  has  been  the  home  of  civilization  on  earth.  Let 
us  forget  the  old  North  and  the  old  South,  and  devote  our  lives  to  the  development  of 
the  new  and  grander  Union  which  you,  my  fellow-soldiers,  have  had  so  large  share  in 
creating.  Though  it  wras  hard  for  us  to  realize  the  truth,  we  now  believe  the  civil 
war  was  worth  all  it  cost  in  precious  life  and  treasure,  and  that  the  South  received 
the  larger  share  of  benefit.  We  cherish  the  memories  of  that  war  and  may  profit  by 
its  lessons.  We  are  a  grander  people  than  before  the  civil  war,  and  far  better  able  to 
cope  with  the  mighty  issues  which  the  future  may  have  in  store  for  us. 

REASON    FOR    FAITH. 

You,  my  beloved  comrades  of  the  war  of  1861-65,  have  abundant  reason  for 
your  faith  in  the  majesty  and  security  of  this  new  Union,  with  the  Atlantic  States, 
the  Pacific  States,  and  the  great  center  bound  together  in  harmony  by  rivers  and 
mountains,  and  by  bands  of  steel,  each  State  controlling  its  own  property  and  inter 
ests,  with  a  strong  government  over  all.  Yet  in  your  conventions  and  feasts  you 
can  well  spare  some  words  of  cheer  to  your  older  comrades  of  the  Mexican  WTar 
who  did  so  much  to  enlarge  the  national  domain,  and  make  possible  the  glorious 
work  you  afterward  so  thoroughly  accomplished.  We  cannot  expect  to  tarry  long  to 
enjoy  the  fruits  of  our  labor,  but  untold  generations  of  intelligent  men  and  beautiful 
women  will  be  here  to  protect,  defend,  and  maintain  these  conquests,  and  meantime 
we  have  a  right  to  be  proud  and  content  that  in  our  day  and  generation  we  have 
largely  contributed  to  build  tip  and  strengthen  the  fabric  of  government  fashioned  by 

H 


11-4  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

our  fathers,  sanctified  by  the  great  name  of  Washington,  made  doubh-  precious  by 
the  noble  virtues  of  our  martyred  Lincoln,  and  crowned  by  the  achievements  of  our 
comrade,  Grant. 

The  address  was  received  with  applause. 

Merrill,  of  Massachusetts— I  move  that  the  thanks  of  this  encampment  be 
extended  to  comrade  Sherman  for  his  interesting  historical  reminiscences,  and  that 
a  copy  be  published  in  full  with  the  official  proceedings. 

Carried. 

The  committee  on  the  report  of  the  adjutant-general  reported  as  follows  : 

HEADQUARTERS  G.  A.  R.,  ] 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  Aug.  5,  1886.  j 

John  Cameron,  Adjutant-General — Dear  Comrade:  The  committee  to  whom  was 
referred  the  adjutant-general's  report  beg  leave  to  submit  the  following: 

The  adjutant-general  makes  but  few  suggestions,  and  has  rendered  a  very  com 
plete  and  comprehensive  report,  and  one  that  indicates  the  wisdom  of  his  being 
selected  to  fill  an  office  of  the  utmost  importance,  and  one  which  he  had  all  the  quali 
fications  to  fill  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 

The  saving  of  money  to  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  by  the  engrossing  of 
366  commissions,  which  work  has  been  done  by  the  adjutant-general,  in  connection 
with  the  duties  of  his  office,  is  worthy  of  special  mention. 

We  desire  to  call  especial  attention  to  the  preservation  of  the  records  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  This  is  a  matter  of  the  utmost  importance,  and 
every  facility  should  be  afforded  the  adjutant-general  to  properly  preserve  the  rec 
ords,  and  to  that  end  we  recommend  that  the  council  of  administration  be  directed  to 
confer  with  the  adjutant-general  and  provide  prpper  means  for  the  care  and  preserva 
tion  of  the  records  of  the  G.  A.  R. 

We  take  pleasure  in  commending  John  Cameron,  adjutant-general,  for  that  con 
scientious  and  faithful  performance  of  duty  that  entitles  him  to  the  warmest  thanks 
of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  we  recommend  the  adoption  of  his  report. 
Respectfullj-  submitted  in  F.  C.  L. , 

THOS.  J.  STEWART,  Penn. 
ALFRED  C.  MONROE,  Mass. 
OSCAR  F.  LOGHEAD,  Mich. 
H.  P.  THOMPSON,  Illinois. 
LORENZO  B.  HILT,,  Maine. 

On  motion  of  Hicks,  of  Minnesota,  the  report  was  adopted. 

The  Commander-in-Chief — I  feel  that  the  chair  ought  to  say  upon  the  subject  of 
the  preservation  of  records  one  word.  We  found,  when  we  took  charge  of  these 
records,  that  there  was  not,  at  national  headquarters,  a  complete  file  of  general  orders 
nor  a  complete  file  of  the  orders  of  any  department,  nor  was  there  a  complete  set  of 
the  reports  of  the  national  encampment.  The  adjutant-general,  at  immense  pains, 
has  pretty  nearly  completed  these  files.  What  can  be  done  I  do  not  know;  but  this 
I  do  know,  that  in  the  not  very  far  distant  future  the  historian  will  look  to  the  official 
records  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  for  the  data  upon  which  shall  be  made 
up  many  of  the  most  brilliant  pages  of  that  history  which  in  future  times  shall  tell 
the  world  about  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  I  know  therefore  that  great 
pains  ought  to  be  taken  to  make  them  complete  and  to  most  carefully  preserve  them. 
The  report  was  adopted. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  115 

The  report  of  the  committee  on  the  judge-ad vocate-general's  report  was  read  as 
follows  by  the  chairman,  Merrill,  of  Massachusetts  : 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  August  6,  1886. 

To  the  national  encampment,  G.  A.  R.:  The  committee  to  whom  was  referred 
the  report  of  the  judge-advocate-general  respectfully  submit  the  following: 

We  have  carefully  examined  the  report  and  decisions,  and  desire  to  bear  testi 
mony  to  the  conspicuous  care  and  fidelity  with  which  the  judge-advocate-general  has 
discharged  the  duties  of  his  position. 

In  the  printed  report  presented  to  the  encampment  there  occurs  a  typographical 
error  in  opinion  i,  on  page  5.  The  concluding  word  .should  be  "negative,"  not 
1 '  affirmative. ' ' 

In  opinion  12,  on  page  16,  in  the  sixth  line  of  second  paragraph,  the  words 
' '  while  they  were  outside  the  order,  or  rather, ' '  should  be  stricken  out. 

The  departments  of  New  Jersey  and  Delaware  desired  to  present  to  the  committee 
statements  and  testimony  in  relation  to  the  opinions  in  cases  arising  from  their 
respective  departments,  but  as  this  was  incident  to  an  appeal  from  the  Commander- 
in-Chief,  the  committee  were  of  opinion  that  the  matter  should  be  presented  directly 
to  the  encampment. 

The  committee  report  that  the  opinions  of  the  judge-advocate-general  are  correct, 
and  that  they  should  be  approved. 

Respectfully  submitted,  G.  S.  MERRILL, 

A.  J.  SAMPSON, 
THOMAS  BATES, 

Committee. 

« 

A  motion  was  made  and  carried  to  adopt  the  report,  except  as  to  the  cases  from 
New  Jersey,  Delaware,  and  Pennsylvania. 

CASES  UNDER  ADVISEMENT. 

The  encampment  then  took  up  the  consideration  of  the  New  Jersey  case.  In  this 
case,  the  commander  of  the  department,  with  the  advice  of  the  council  of  arbitration, 
had  suspended  the  charters  of  certain  posts.  The  posts  appealed  directly  to  the  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  to  set  aside  the  action  of  the  department  commander.  It  was  claimed 
by  the  department  of  New  Jersey  that  such  direct  appeal  would  not  lie  and  also  that 
the  Commander-in-Chief  had  no  right  to  review  the  merits  of  the  case.  The  encamp 
ment  refused  to  concur  in  the  ruling  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  and  judge-advocate. 

The  Delaware  case  raised  a  question  of  law  as  to  whether  certain  testimony 
offered  by  parties  upon  trial  by  court-martial  and  ruled  out  should  have  been  admitted. 
The  judge-advocate-general  decided  that  it  should  have  been,  and  the  encampment 
sustained  his  decision. 

In  the  Kane  case  from  Pennsylvania,  Kane  being  a  commissioned  officer  in  the 
army  was  tried  by  court-martial  and  was  dishonorably  dismissed  from  the  service. 
The  War  Department  subsequently  revoked  the  order  so  far  as  the  dishonorable  dis 
missal  was  concerned.  The  question  was  whether  or  not  he  should  be  received  as  a 
member  of  the  Grand  Army,  it  being  claimed  that  he  had  not  received  an  honorable 
discharge.  The  judge-advocate  decided  that  he  was  eligible,  and  the  encampment 
sustained  the  decision.  * 


116  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

The  committee  on  resolutions  reported  back  sundry  resolutions,  etc.,  and  the 
following  were  adopted : 

By  Cronan,  of  New  York,  asking  that  only  arm}-  surgeons  be  appointed  medical 
examiners  in  the  pension  department.  The  committee  recommended  that  no  action 
be  taken,  and  their  recommendation  was  adopted. 

The  committee  also  reported  adversely  to  a  proposition  of  the  department  of 
Arkansas,  asking  the  Government  to  locate  a  branch  of  the  soldiers'  home  at  Hot 
Springs.  The  reporters  concurred  in  it. 

The  committee  also  reported  adversely  to  a  resolution  by  J.  B.  Burke,  of  the 
department  of  the  Potomac,  recommending  that  the  rules  and  regulations  be  amended 
so  that  sons  of  members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  and  the  sons  of  men 
who  died  during  the  service  may  be  admitted  to  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 
The  report  was  concurred  in. 

The  committee  also  recommended  that  no  action  be  taken  upon  a  communication 
from  the  department  of  Ohio  asking  the  national  encampment  to  recognize  and 
indorse  ladies'  auxiliary  societies  to  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  posts  that  are  not 
relief  corps.  The  report  was  also  adopted. 

In  response  to  a  petition  from  the  department  of  Utah  the  committee  recom 
mended  the  adoption  of  the  following  resolution,  which  was  done  : 

WHEREAS,  The  preservation  of  the  unity  of  the  Government  is  the  highest  duty 
of  all ;  and  whereas,  it  is  the  duty  of  citizens  everywhere  to  try  and  enforce  the  laws; 
and  whereas,  any  interference  by  a  so-called  ecclesiastical  authority  with  temporal 
affairs  is  a  menace  to  the  institutions  of  the  country ;  and  whereas,  the  Mormon 
leaders  have  for  years  taught,  and  continue  to  teach,  their  people  to  look  upon  the 
Government  as  'an  enemy,  and  continue  an  organization  by  and  through  which  the 
laws  are  nullified  and  the  flag  insulted  ;  now  therefore,  we,  the  members  of  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic,  in  encampment  assembled,  recognizing  the  facts,  demand  that 
the  flag  be  everywhere  respected,  and  do  resolve  that  it  is  the  duty  of  the  American 
people  to  require  their  representatives  in  Congress  to  pass  such  laws  as  will  effectually 
release  the  Territories  of  the  United  States  from  the  control  of  said  organization,  and 
will  insure  to  every  one  the  protection  of  the  laws. 

The  committee  reported  back  a  large  number  of  petitions  for  a  universal  pension 
bill  like  the  following  : 

Resolved,  That  this  encampment  indorses  the  bill  pending  in  the  last  Congress 
known  as  the  eight-dollar  measure,  of  which  the  following  is  a  copy  : 

"Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives,  etc.,  That  all  officers, 
soldiers,  and  sailors  who  served  in  the  arm}-,  navy,  or  marine  corps  of  the  United 
States  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  sixty  days,  between  March  4,  1861,  and  July 
i,  1865,  and  who  were  honorably  discharged  therefrom,  shall  receive  a  pension  of 
eight  dollars  per  month  during  the  remainder  of  their  lives.  This  act  shall  take 
effect  from  its  passage. " 

And  instructs  the  pension  committee  to  make  every  effort  to  secure  its  passage. 

The  committee  reported  that  the  subject-matter  of  these  petitions  had  been  con 
sidered,  and  that  the  requests  therein  contained  are  disapproved. 

Bennett,  of  Indiana,  presented  the  following  minority  report :  We  recommend  the 
adoption  of  the  resolution  offered  by  comrade  Loring,  indorsing  the  eight-dollar  service 
pension  bill.  We  believe  that  if  this  encampment  is  to  truly  represent  the  veterans 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  117 

of  the  old  army  it  must  itself  initiate  pension  legislation  and  not  accept  the  sugges 
tion  of  pension  claim  agents  and  party  politicians ;  that  the  veterans  favor  this  meas 
ure  because  it  spares  them  degrading  conditions,  trifling  technicalities,  and  mocking 
delays  ;  that  the  financial  condition  of  the  country  permits  it ;  that  ample  precedents 
support  it ;  that  a  majority  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  posts  have  petitioned 
for  it ;  that  the  failing  health  and  the  energies  of  the  veterans  require  it ;  and  that 
the  justice  and  honor  of  the  country  demand  it. 

Loring,  of  Massachusetts,  moved  that  the  minority  report  be  substituted  for  the 
majorit}T  report.  The  encampment  passed  a  resolution  fixing  the  time  of  debate  upon 
the  subject  at  one  hour,  and  then  took  a  recess. 

Upon  reassembling  Loring  of  Massachusetts  was  given  the  floor,  and  said  :  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  and  comrades — We  learned  at  the  Portland  encampment  that  a 
national  encampment  is  hardly  the  place  for  the  full  discussion  of  an  important  sub 
ject  like  this,  and  with  so  many  empty  seats  here  I  shall  not  occupy  much  of  your 
time  in  opening  this  debate.  There  are  two  parties,  and  only  two,  in  the  pension 
business.  One  is  the  claim  agent  and  the  other  is  the  advocate  of  the  eight-dollar 
bill.  One  is  represented  by  the  bill  which  is  in  this  resolution  and  which  has  been 
submitted  to  you,  and  the  other  is  represented  by  bill  1886  of  this  last  Congress. 
And  I  will  take  your  time  a  moment  in  the  history  of  this  business.  In  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress,  where  both  of  these  measures  originated,  there  were  introduced  by 
the  advocates  of  the  eight-dollar  measure  the  petitions  of  1,921  Grand  Army  posts 
asking  for  this  eight-dollar  bill.  Then  came  an  order  from  the  Commander-in-Chief 
of  the  Grand  Army,  forbidding  posts  to  petition  independently  to  Congress,  and  we 
being  loyal  and  true  to  our  order,  without  questioning  the  right  of  the  Commander- 
in-Chief  to  issiie  such  an  order,  submitted,  and  the  petitions  that  we  had  received  at 
that  time  were  kept  by  us,  and  no  more  were  forwarded. 

At  the  same  time  there  were  filed,  I  think,  the  petitions  of  about  300,000  citizens 
which  we  had  obtained  from  all  over  the  country.  On  July  3,  1884,  a  bill  was  con. 
cocted  in  Washington,  known  as  the  fee  bill,  which  gave  to  the  claim  agent  fifteen 
dollars  more  a  case  in  every  instance  where  a  claimant  would  sign  an  agreement  to 
that  effect,  and  of  course  he  would  sign  the  agreement  with  the  obstacles  that  were 
thrown  in  the  way,  and  the  way  in  which  the  pension  office  was  administered.  The 
whole  story  was  told  in  the  report  of  a  committee  of  the  House  of  Representatives  ot 
the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  No.  2683.  The  testimony  shows  that  $40,000  and  over 
was  paid  to  carry  that  measure  through  Congress.  That  laid  the  foundation  of  colos 
sal  fortunes  for  those  who  are  living  on  the  soldier  and  the  soldier's  reputation. 
Any  measure  which  cuts  off  the  claim  agent  meets  opposition  from  that  source.  The 
bill  in  the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  known  as  the  amended  Mexican  pension  bill,  so  far 
as  it  relates  to  our  interest,  is  identical  with  the  Senate  bill  1886  of  this  Congress. 
The  soldiers  of  this  land  were  requested  to  indorse  that  measure,  and  while  we  had 
1,921  G.  A.  R.  posts,  there  were  only  fifty-eight  indorsing  that  measure.  Another 
matter  which  I  wish  to  call  your  attention  to  is  the  table  of  ratings  in  the  last  com 
missioner's  report.  There  are  124  ratings.  The  first  is  $i,  the  next  $1.86,  the  next  $2, 
the  next  $2.12,  and  so  on,  one  cent  a.  week.  Did  they  tell  us  that  we  should  have 
that  in  1861,  when  the  country's  life  was  in  danger  ?  We  never  heard  of  it  then,  and 
I  bring  up  this  table  simply  to  illustrate  the  trifling  manner  in  which  they  deal  with 
this  whole  matter.  At  that  same  Congress  the  pension  bureau  and  all  the  auxiliary 
bureaus  and  departments  were  furnished  additional  help  for  solely  taking  care  of  this 
additional  pension  business.  It  never  occurred  to  our  eminent  Solons  who  sit  there 


118  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

in  Washington  to  make  laws  for  us  that  a  cheaper  and  more  honest  way  would  have 
been  to  remove  the  obstacles  from  the  path  of  the  veteran  and  save  this  unnecessary 
business.  At  that  same  time  there  was  completed  or  in  process  of  erection  the  enor 
mous  brick  barn  now  in  Washington,  called  the  pension  office,  made  of  133,000,000 
bricks,  the  biggest  brick  building  in  the  world,  I  am  told,  and  over  its  door  in  bas- 
relief  is  the  image  of  a  mule-driver,  symbolical  of  the  one  who  gets  the  speediest 
help.  Every  point  which  carries  the  money  otherwise  than  to  the  soldier,  seems  to 
be  covered.  Now,  comrades,  we  have  this  eight-dollar  bill.  It  means  making  every 
man's  honorable  discharge  his  pension  certificate.  It  means  that  he  can  go  to  the  post- 
office  and  draw  it.  It  means  brushing  aside  with  one  sweep  all  obstacles  and  trifling 
that  stands  in  his  way.  It  means  the  honoring  of  the  man.  It  is  no  answer  to  it 
that  there  are  some  well  and  some  wealthy  who  may  get  it.  They  need  not  take  it 
unless  they  want  it,  and  if  they  do  take  it  they  can  put  it  to  the  charity  fund  of 
some  post  where  we  can  give  to  those  to  whom  eight  dollars  a  month  is  not  enough. 

Then  let  us  see  about  this  1886  bill.  The  clause  which  affects  us  states,  first, 
that  a  man  must  have  a  present  disabilitjr.  It  brushes  to  one  side  the  proofs  required 
to  show  that  his  disability  was  incurred  in  the  service.  The  next  step  he  must  prove 
the  degree,  and  next  he  must  prove  himself  a  pauper,  and  then  he  is  subject  to  rating 
and  the  'dilatory  transaction  of  the  business  of  those  offices,  and  then  he  must  pay 
toll  to  his  claim  agent,  and  if  he  lives  long  enough  he  may  get  something.  The  bill 
which  we  advocate  honors  and  does  not  dishonor  the  soldier.  The  bill  to  which  we 
are  opposed  dishonors  the  soldier.  This  is  the  twentieth  encampment  of  the  Grand 
Army,  and  made  up  as  it  is  it  is  purely  American.  Side  by  side  sit  the  leader  and 
the  led.  Generals  whose  names  will  be  known  as  long  as  history  will  be  read  sit  side 
by  side  with  the  men  who  will  go  down  into  history  unnamed — of  the  2,200,000  that 
went  into  the  army  to  save  this  fair  land.  It  lies  with  this  encampment  to  say 
whether  it  truly  represents  their  great  army.  We  have  come  from  the  Atlantic  to  the 
Pacific,  and  we  have  seen  the  broad  gifts  which  we  secured  to  posterity.  The  question 
of  what  this  will  cost  is  irrelevant.  The  billions  of  wealth  of  this  country  preclude 
its  coming  into  this  issue.  The  wildest  dream  of  the  imagination  cannot  count  or 
sum  up  the  future  wealth  of  this  land.  It  lies  with  us  to  say  whether  the  broad  aegis 
of  the  Grand  Army  shall  be  thrown  above  the  soldier,  and  we  shall  say  to  the  outside 
world,  ' '  Poor  he  may  be,  in  the  minority  he  may  be,  but  you  shall  never  insult  him 
with  trifling  legislation,  with  dishonoring  conditions,  with  hypocritical  legislation — 
never. "  We  sit  here  either  to  represent  the  old  army  or  we  do  not.  Now,  let  it  go 
out  to  the  entire  world  that  as  long  as  this  [body  can  hold  together,  as  often  as  this 
encampment  comes  together,  we  will  truly  represent  their  interest. 

Merrill,  of  Massachusetts — If  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  wish  to  accom 
plish  anything  in  pension  legislation,  to  do  anything  for  our  disabled  and  needy 
comrades,  we  are  to  do  it  standing  side  by  side,  shoulder  to  shoulder,  as  we  did  in 
the  olden  days.  If  we  divide  our  councils,  if  we  antagonize  one  another,  how  can 
we  hope  to  accomplish  anything  in  pension  legislation  ?  Three  successive  national 
encampments  have  said,  two  by  unanimous  vote  and  a  third  by  a  vote  nearly  so,  that 
it  was  wisdom  to  ask  of  Congress  only  part  of  what  our  friend  who  favors  the  eight 
dollars  per  month  asks ;  that  it  was  wisdom  to  demand  of  Congress,  first,  that  the 
needy,  the  sick,  and  disabled  should  be  pensioned  before  asking  Congress  to  go 
further,  and  give  pensions  to  the  well  men.  [Applause.] 

Now,  comrades,  the  difference  between  the  eight  dollars  per  month  men  and  the 
pension  committee  is  this :  They  believe  in  asking  eight  dollars  for  everybody  now. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  119 

The  pension  committee  believes  that  it  is  a  matter  of  wisdom  to  ask  first  the  pensions 
for  the  cripples,  for  the  legless,  the  armless,  the  eyeless,  the  sick,  the  men  in  the 
alms-house,  and  that  the  well  men  should  stand  aside  while  that  procession  goes  up  to 
the  front.  [Applause.]  My  comrade,  Loring,  says  there  are  only  two  parties  in  this 
pension  business,  the  eight  dollars  a  month  man  and  the  claim  agent.  If  that  is  so, 
the  national  pension  committee  and  the  national  encampment  are  branded  as  standing 
with  the  claim  agents  of  the  country  and  against  the  veterans.  I  resent,  in  the  name 
of  the  national  encampment  and  the  pension  committee,  that  imputation.  [Applause.] 
My  comrade  has  a  good  deal  to  say  about  the  claim  agents  and  a  certain  fee  bill. 
Claim  agents  may  fight  out  their  own  battles  with  him.  I  am  not  interested  in  them. 
The  old  law  gave  to  pension  agents  ten  dollars,  in  each  case  to  be  paid  by  the  appli 
cant  in  advance  and  to  be  retained  by  the  claim  agent  whether  successful  in  the  case 
or  not.  The  result  of  that  law  was  to  make  claim  agents  induce  everybody,  whether 
they  thought  they  had  a  claim  or  not,  to  file  a  claim,  pay  their  ten  dollars  in  advance, 
and  this  dishonest  claim  agent  did  not  care  whether  he  received  his  pension  or  not. 
Now,  the  agent  may  receive  twenty-five  dollars  if  successful,  and  the  amount  that 
the  claim  agent  receives  is  less  than  thirteen  dollars  in  each  case,  because  that  is 
about  the  proportion — thirteen  successful  claims  out  of  twenty -five. 

M y  comrade  says  that  if  you  pass  the  eight-dollar  service  pension  bill  a  man 's 
honorable  discharge  is  his  pension  certificate,  and  he  has  nothing  to  do  but  go  to  the 
post-office  and  get  his  eight  dollars  a  month.  What  arrant  nonsense !  If  the  eight 
dollars  a  month  pension  bill  should  pass,  the  applicant  must  send  his  application  to 
the  pension  office,  the  same  as  he  does  now.  The  pension  office  does  not  accept,  and 
3Tou  will  never  get  a  law  through  Congress  to  accept,  a  printed  piece  of  paper  that 
anybody  may  counterfeit  as  evidence  on  which  a  man  shall  be  paid  $100  a  year.  The 
pension  office  will  send  to  the  office  of  the  adjutant-general  to  find  if  what  that  man 
says  is  true.  You  have  got  to  go  through  the  same  process  as  you  go  through  now. 
And  as  to  claim  agents,  I  know  that  there  is  a  syndicate  already  organized  in  the  city 
of  New  York,  having  its  agents  under  pay  over  this  country,  offering  to  take  the 
applications,  if  this  bill  should  pass,  at  ten  dollars  for  each  applicant. 

This  national  encampment  has  authorized  its  pension  committee  to  go  to  Con 
gress  and  to  ask,  first,  that  the  needy  and  the  sick  and  disabled  be  pensioned.  Pen 
sion  bill  1886  makes  it  incumbent  on  no  man  to  prove  that  he  lost  his  health  because 
of  his  army  service.  If  to-day  he  is  disabled  or  sick,  if  next  week  or  next  month  or 
next  year  he  becomes  disabled  or  sick  or  in  need  of  a  pension,  he  shall  go  and  be  put 
upon  the  pension-rolls,  without  proof  that  such  sickness  or  such  disability  grew  out 
of  his  army  service.  This  bill  has  passed  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  and  is  pend 
ing  upon  the  calendar  of  the  House,  and  but  for  some  reasons  that  are-  obvious  it 
would  have  passed  the  House  at  the  last  session.  It  is  upon  the  calendar  of  the  next 
December  session  of  the  House  of  Representatives.  We  have  asked  continually,  by 
your  instruction  going  to  Congress  and  saying  that  we  were  authorized  by  your  vote 
to  speak  for  300,000,  and  for  four  years  we  have  pleaded  with  Congress  in  your  name, 
saying,  because  you  authorized  us  to  say  it  by  your  vote,  that  we  wanted  the  needy 
men  and  the  disabled  men  pensioned  first ;  and  now  if  this  national  encampment 
should  reverse  that  action  the  next  pension  committee  goes  to  Congress  and  tells 
them  that  for  four  years  we  have  not  known  what  we  wanted,  and  now  we  want  Con 
gress  to  turn  off  on  the  other  tack  and  do  something  else.  What  possible  hope  is 
there  of  getting  pensions  for  well  men  when,  by  all  the  power  of  the  Grand  Army,  so 
far,  you  have  not  been  able  to  get  them  for  the  disabled  alone?  Bill  1886  will  cost 


120  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

this  Government  from  forty  to  fifty  millions  a  year.  The  entire  surplus  is  only  about 
that  sum,  if  it  is  as  much.  The  universal  service  pension  bill  will  cost,  according  to 
the  lowest  estimate  of  its  friends,  $61,000,000,  and  according  to  the  estimate  of 
another  of  its  friends  $87,000,000  ;  according  to  the  best  estimate  that  I  can  make, 
$111,000,000.  Twenty  years  after  the  war  can  an y  reasonable  man  expect  that  Con 
gress  is  going  to  pass  a  pension  bill  that  will  take  more  money  than  there  is  surplus 
in  the  treasury,  and  that  they  will  lay  a  new  war  tax  in  order  to  pay  pensions.  If  we 
ask  so  much  we  will  get  nothing,  in  my  judgment.  I  say,  in  the  name  of  the  pen 
sion  committee,  acting  under  your  instructions,  doing  what  you  have  told  us  to  do 
for  three  successive  years,  let  us  first  demand  of  Congress  that  the  doors  of  the  alms- 
houses  shall  be  forever  closed  against  any  needy  veteran,  that  the  disabled  shall  be 
pensioned,  and  that  the  strong-limbed  and  able-bodied  men  will  stand  out  of  the  pro 
cession  until  the  cripples  and  the  sick  and  the  poor  get  their  pension.  [Applause.] 

Thayer,  of  Nebraska — One  statement  was  made  on  yesterday  which,  in  m\' judg 
ment,  is  enough  to  sweep  away  all  pett}*  arguments  and  special  pleading  that  has 
been  presented  here  in  favor  of  the  majority  report ;  that  was  that  seven  thousand 
brave  and  heroic  defenders  of  the  Union  are  now  lingering  out  their  existence  in  the 
poor-houses  of  this  country.  When  I  heard  that  report,  I  felt  humiliated  that  this 
great  Government  of  the  United  States,  with  its  bounteous  resources  and  its  treasury 
plethoric  with  funds,  should  allow  the  defenders  of  this  nation,  through  whose  hero 
ism  this  country  has  been  saved,  to  remain  as  inmates  of  alms-houses.  I  am  in 
favor  of  the  minority  report,  that  we  will  demand  of  the  Congress  of  the  United 
States  that  it  shall  discharge,  not  in  active  charity  but  in  sacred  obligation,  as  sacred 
as  a  man's  note  or  his  bond,  to  stand  by  these  defenders  of  the  Union  now  when  they 
are  passing  down  the  declining  vale  of  life,  and  not  wait  until  they  are  sixty-five 
years  of  age.  [Applause.] 

Bennett,  of  Indiana — If  I  were  talking  to  an  army  post,  and  had  nobody  to  listen 
to  me  btit  the  rank  and  file,  I  would  not  add  a  word  to  what  has  been  said,  because 
I  know,  from  a  meeting  of  our  state  encampment  and  others  where  this  question  has 
been  raised,  and  from  the  pile  of  petitions  in  that  committee-room,  that  all  the  Grand 
Army  posts  in  the  United  States  to  which  this  question  has  been  submitted  have 
been  and  are  for  this  service  pension.  [Applause,  and  cries  "No,  no  !  not  by  a  large 
majority. "]  If  you  will  go  up  there,  and  look  at  the  bundles  of  reports,  j'ou  will  see. 
But  the  question  is,  what  are  we  discussing?  Shall  this  minority  report  be  adopted? 
What  is  this  minority  report  ? 

Before  I  speak  of  that  let  me  say  one  word  in  reply  to  my  comrade,  who  says 
that  we  ought  not  to  do  this  or  that  because  it  might  not  meet  the  approbation  of  the 
Congress  in  the  United  States.  Who  are  in  the  lead  on  this  question,  the  Congress 
men  or  the  comrades  in  the  Grand  Army  ?  I  do  not  want  a  Congressman  to  tell  me 
iust  what  he  wants  ;  I  want  to  tell  him  what  I  want  on  this  question. 

What  is  this  report?  We  say  we  believe  that  if  this  encampment  is  truly  to 
represent  the  veterans  of  the  old  army,  it  must  itself  initiate  pension  legislation,  and 
not  follow  after  the  suggestions  of  either  party  politicians  or  claim  agents.  That  is 
the  first  proposition.  The  next  is,  that  the  veterans  themselves  favor  this  measure, 
because  it  spares  them  degrading  conditions,  trifling  technicalities,  and  mocking 
delays.  We  believe  this  bill  will  at  one  blow  wipe  out  all  that  trouble.  Then 
we  say,  that  we  believe  the  financial  condition  of  the  country  permits  it.  Tell  me 
that  this  republic  has  not  money  enough  to  pay  that  sacred  debt,  when  it  has  already 
paid  a  hundred  times  more  than  that  on  another  debt,  the  debt  due  the  bond-holders, 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  121 

which  is  only  second  to  that  which  is  due  to  the  old  soldiers.     Both  ought  to  be  paid. 
Let  this  be  paid  first. 

Why  should  not  a  veteran  of  the  rebellion  receive  a  sendee  pension.  Shall  we  wait 
until  he  dies,  and  then  pay  his  widow  and  his  orphans  ?  If  he  is  to  get  it,  he  wants 
it  now.  The  next  is,  that  justice  and  the  honor  of  the  country  demand  it.  Is  it  not 
just  ?  Does  it  not  involve  the  honor  of  the  country  ?  Let  us  recommend  it.  The 
gentleman  says,  "Why  should  we  recommend  it ;  we  cannot  get  it."  Did  you  ever 
get  anything  that  you  did  not  ask  for?  Are  we  just  to  ask  for  that  which  we  think 
we  can  get  ?  We  can  get  that  without  the  asking.  Let  us  raise  our  demand  high, 
and  if  we  don't  get  all,  let  us  keep  on  trying  until  we  do  get  it;  but  let  us  make  a 
commencement  here  and  now.  [Applause.] 

Grosvenor,  of  Ohio — I  would  not  occupy  your  time  if  it  were  not  that  I  think  it 
just  to  all  sides  to  say  this :  There  is  no  member  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic 
who  would  vote  for  more  liberal  pensions  to  all  classes  of  soldiers  who  fought  to  save 
the  Union  than  I.  I  have  no  connection  with  any  claim  agency.  I  have  prosecuted 
more  than  two  thousand  pension  claims  during  the  last  four  years,  and  I  have  never 
received  a  cent  for  any  one,  and  have  paid  the  expenses  of  more  than  a  hundred  of  them 
out  of  my  own  pocket.  I  know  of  no  pension  agent  in  this  country  who  asks  for  the 
passage  of  Senate  bill  1886.  That  bill  upon  its  face  is  quite  as  destructive,  and  indeed 
vastly  more  destructive,  to  the  claim  agencies  of  the  count\r  than  is  this  eight-dollar 
pension  bill.  Let  me  be  understood.  I  am  in  favor  of  passing  the  eight-dollar  law  ; 
I  would  vote  for  it  in  Congress ;  I  would  vote  for  it  anywhere ;  but  I  have  observed 
this  much  in  relation  to  the  pension  committee  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic, 
and  I  have  no  doubt  of  two  propositions — first,  if  it  had  not  been  for  this  eight-dollar 
agitation,  which  in  my  judgment  has  been  put  on  foot  as  an  error  of  judgment,  we 
should  have  had  the  relief  that  we  asked  for  through  this  national  encampment  three 
years  ago.  In  the  next  place,  it  is  my  deliberate  opinion,  based  upon  a  close  and 
accurate  canvass  of  Congress  during  this  present  session,  that  so  long  as  there  is  any 
probability  that  a  great  number  of  the  Grand  Army  men  of  the  country  demand  this 
eight-dollar  law  we  shall  never  get  anything  at  all.  How  does  it  happen  ?  One  of 
the  distinguished  members  of  Congress  said  to  me •.  "I  would  vote  for  the  general 
relief  propositions  that  your  committee  have  asked  for  if  it  were  not  for  the  fact  that 
the  moment  we  do  that  we  shall  be  confronted  with  this  monstrous  proposition  of 
eight  dollars  to  everybody,  and  you  know  that  the  treasury  of  the  United  States  can 
not  stand  a  strain  like  that. "  So  it  has  been  all  the  time.  Your  committee  goes  to 
Congress  and  singles  out  these  needy  classes ;  they  present  their  claim,  and  the  first 
thing  we  know  the  proposition  is  swept  away  by  the  demand  that  these  men  shall  be 
treated  like  everybody  else.  Eight  dollars  a  month  would  not  do  any  good  to  a  man 
who  has  lost  his  health ;  it  would  not  support  him.  Our  proposition  is  based  upon 
the  idea  of  keeping  our  comrades  out  of  the  poor-house  by  giving  them  a  pension 
adequate  to  support  them.  And  let  me  make  this  suggestion  to  you  :  I  presented  in 
Congress  petitions  from  my  own  State,  from  more  than  one  hundred  Grand  Army 
posts,  in  favor  of  this  1886  law  ;  there  were  petitions  presented  there  representing 
more  than  a  hundred  thousand  Grand  Army  men  during  the  last  session  of  Congress. 
Is  it  not  astonishing  that  the  gentleman  from  Massachusetts  says  that  nobody  is  in 
favor  of  that  law  ?  I  believe  that  at  the  door  of  the  eight-dollar  men  lays  the  fault 
that  it  is  not  a  law  to-day.  Shall  we  do  what  we  possibly  may  be  able  to  do,  or  shall 
we  lose  the  substance  while  we  grapple  for  the  shadow  ?  Are  there  any  better  men 
in  the  United  States,  men  more  interested  in  this. thing,  than  your  committee  on 


122  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

pensions  ?  Look  at  them  ;  the}*  are  cripples  themselves,  most  of  them  ;  men  of  long 
experience,  men  of  faithful  devotion  to  this  cause.  They  come  here  and  say,  "The 
one  is  destructive,  the  other  is  possible."  You  have  had  three  or  four  years  of  expe 
rience  knocking  at  the  door  of  Congress  'and  being  driven  away,  and  you  are  asked 
to  keep  on  the  same  road.  [Applause.] 

Patch,  of  Massachusetts — I  rise  to  favor  the  minority  report  with  a  great  deal  of 
pride  and  satisfaction,  because  notwithstanding  all  the  effort  that  has  been  made,  all 
the  eloquence  that  has  been  exhausted,  and  all  the  work  done  against  the  universal 
service  pension  bill,  we  appear  here  in  this  national  encampment  with  the  petitions 
of  1,300  posts  made  directly  to  our  Commander-in-Chief,  and  this  eight-dollar  bill  is 
indorsed  by  four  departments.  Surely  comrades  the  growth  of  the  interest  in  the 
universal  service  pension  is  on  the  increase. 

Xow  Commander-in-Chief:  Merrill  has  led  you  or  some  of  3'ou  to  believe,  and  I 
do  not  doubt  but  what  there  are  honest  comrades  here  who  do  believe  it,  that  we  who 
favor  the  eight-dollar  bill  are  opposed  to  the  national  pension  committee.  We  refute 
the  charge.  We  are  not  opposed  to  the  national  pension  committee  ;  we  do  not  brand 
this  convention  with  any  stigma  of  that  kind.  I  personally  indorse  every  recom 
mendation  made  by  the  national  pension  committee,  and  I  ask  this  convention  to 
instruct  them  to  take  a  step  upward  and  forward  ;  that  is  all.  He  says  we  cannot 
gain  anything  unless  we  stand  shoulder  to  shoulder.  That  may  be  true.  We  ask 
this  convention  to  instruct  this  committee  so  that  the  entire  body  of  the  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic  may  stand  shoulder  to  shoulder,  and  equal  and  exact  justice  be  meted 
out  to  the  wearily  waiting  pensioners  who  for  years  have  had  their  claims  slumbering 
in  the  office  of  the  pension  department,  and  who  for  years  to  come  may  wait  to  have 
them  settled. 

Now  we  have  educated  the  comrades  up  to  this  fact  as  I  said  before,  so  that  four 
departments  come  here  and  will  vote  for  it  at  this  time.  Does  that  not  indicate  to  the 
pension  committee  and  to  my  comrade  Grosvenor,  that  there  is  a  renewed  interest  in 
this  thing  ?  Is  it  possible  that  there  is  an  element  in  the  Grand  Army  opposed  to 
the  interest  of  the  soldier  ?  Does  it  not  show  the  fact  that  in  the  posts  of  the  Grand 
Army  scattered  all  over  this  broad  land  they  are  taking  these  pension  questions  up, 
discussing  them,  and  as  a  result  sending  in  i ,  300  petitions  here. 

Just  one  word  on  comrade  Merrill's  argument  in  relation  to  the  fee  bills  ;  I  am 
not  confident  to  discuss  it  upon  its  merits,  but  I  simpty  leave  it  to  your  calm  judg 
ment  when  you  reflect  upon  this  fact  that  after  all  the  work  of  the  national  pension 
committee,  after  all  the  indorsement  of  that  bill  by  the  national  tribune,  and  it  had 
a  powerful  interest  I  admit,  after  all  the  work  that  was  done  in  Congress,  the  bills 
that  were  recommended  by  the  national  pension  committee  failed,  and  at  the  very  last 
day  of  the  session  a  bill  certainly  not  against  the  interests  of  the  claim  agent  was 
run  through  Congress  increasing  the  fee  from  ten  dollars  to  twenty-five.  I  am  not 
here  to  assail  claim  agents,  but  I  do  not  believe  that  comrade  Merrill  or  any  other 
comrade  can  show  any  claim  agent  getting  up  and  opposing  that  bill  which  was  run 
through  the  last  Congress.  [Applause.] 

Comrade  Merrill  says  that  in  the  advocacy  of  its  report  we  shall  indorse  the 
proposition  to  pension  the  legless,  the  armless,  the  eyeless,  and  all  such.  Why  my  com 
rades  if  I  know  any  thing  about  pension  legislation  they  have  been  pensioned  long  ago. 
If  there  is  any  man  who  lost  his  leg  in  the  war  or  his  eye  in  the  war,  who  is  not  pen 
sioned  I  think  it  is  the  fault  of  the  comrade  and  not  of  the  law ;  but  here  is  the 
point :  if  there  are  any  such — and  there  are  over  200,000  cases  in  the  pension  office 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  123 

— is  it  not  better  that  we  give  them  the  temporary  aid  of  eight  dollars  a  month 
rather  than  to  allow  them  to  drag  out  a  weary  existence  unaided  and  unhelped  ?  Com 
rade  Grosvenor  says  that  eight  dollars  a  month  would  not  do  any  good.  I  do  not 
know  that  it  would  do  any  good,  but  I  know  of  many  a  man  in  my  department,  for 
whom  eight  dollars  a  month  would  almost  support  his  little  family,  and  I  know  many 
a  comrade  who  has  a  little  mortgage  on  his  house  upon  which  eight  dollars  a  month 
would  almost  pay  the  interest.  [Applause.] 

And  where  would  this  money  come  from  ?  From  the  national  treasury  of  the 
United  States  whose  bonds  were  made  secure  by  our  services,  the  surplus  in  whose 
treasury  was  put  there  by  you  as  citizens,  as  voters,  and  as  tax-payers  for  the  last 
twenty  years. 

It  is  suggested  that  we  wait  until  they  are  sixty-five  years  of  age.  Remember 
the  history  of  our  country  ;  look  back  to  the  time  following  the  War  of  the  Revolu 
tion  ;  see  the  men  whose  bloody  feet  trod  the  snows  of  Valley  Forge  waiting  for  forty 
years  before  this  infant  republic  granted  them  their  tardy  pension.  We  have  got  the 
power  to-day  ;  we  have  the  domain  to-day  ;  we  have  the  people  to  draw  revenue  from 
to-day,  and  in  God's  name  is  there  any  better  place  to  put  the  money  than  into  the 
hands  of  the  men  who  made  possible  the  perpetuity  of  this  republic  ?  [Applause.] 

It  is  not  a  great  while  ago  since  Mr.  Morrison  proposed  to  reduce  the  revenue.  I 
do  not  believe  in  cutting  down  the  revenues  of  this  Government ;  I  believe  in  keep 
ing  the  tariff  where  it  will  protect  the  laboring  population  of  our  country.  [Applause.] 
I  believe  in  the  raising  of  the  revenue  from  the  people  and  distributing  it  again  to 
the  people.  And  where  does  it  go  ?  If  this  bill  is  passed  I  do  not  care  what  it  would 
cost ;  it  is  not  a  matter  of  consideration  whether  it  would  cost  this  Government 
$111,000,000  per  3' ear  or  $60,000,000;  the  moment  that  money  is  disbursed  through 
the  pension  agencies  it  passes  right  into  the  hands  of  the  people.  It  has  been  sug 
gested  by  my  comrade  rather  sneeringly  that  every  comrade  could  go  to  the  post-office 
and  draw  his  money  ;  I  think  a  law  could  be  made  so  that  after  a  man's  claim  was 
adjusted  he  could  go  to  the  post-office  and  get  his  money  from  the  postmaster,  thus 
distributing  that  money  to  the  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army  and  infusing  into  every 
avenue,  trade,  industry  and  new  life.  What  we  want  in  this  country  in  order  to 
make  people  prosperous  and  happy  is  not  a  limited  contraction  of  the  currency,  not 
a  hoarding  of  it  up  in  vast  sums,  but  a  broad  and  liberal  distribution  of  it  among  the 
people.  This  money  would  go  to  the  home  of  every  comrade  of  the  order.  [Applause.] 
This  money  would  gladden  the  heart  of  many  a  poor  soldier  whose  eyes  are  looking 
forward  to  the  time  when  he  shall  go  down  to  his  grave  perhaps  in  poverty  and  desti 
tution  ;  it  would  carry  comfort  to  the  children  of  these  men  ;  and  it  would  be  the  per 
fecting  of  that  obligation  which  was  promised  to  the  men  who  risked  everything 
even  life  itself,  to  save  the  Constitution  and  the  flag.  [Applause.] 

Now,  we  are  told  there  is  a  syndicate  in  New  York  ready  to  take  all  these  claims 
up  at  ten  dollars  apiece.  I  can  not  answer  that  comrades,  though  it  may  be  true; 
but  I  thank  God  that  the  syndicate  don't  ask  twenty-five  dollars,  as  the  claim  agents 
do.  [Applause.] 

Now,  I  leave  this  to  your  calm  and  deliberate  judgment,  whether  it  is  better  to 
wait  till  men  have  both  feet  in  the  grave  before  you  pass  this  pension  law,  or  whether 
we  should  stand  shoulder  to  shoulder  to-day  in  our  might,  and  demand  it  of  the 
Government.  The  talk  that  it  is  impossible  to  get  it  is  as  idle  as  the  talk  was  that  it 
was  impossible  to  abolish  slavery.  I  do  not  propose  to  drag  politics  into  this  dis 
cussion,  but  I  tell  you  if  every  comrade  in  this  convention  would  return  to  the 


124  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

district  from  whence  he  conies,  and  assemble  there  as  veteran  soldiers,  not  as  com 
rades  of  the  Grand  Army,  and  say  to  ever}-  nominee  for  Congress  who  proposes  to  be 
elected  this  fall,  "You  shall  pledge  yourself  to  support  that  bill,  or  you  shall  not  be 
elected, "  I  tell  you  that  bill  would  pass  in  sixty  days.  [Applause.] 

Now,  I  close  by  saying,  that  it  is  a  measure  of  justice,  it  is  a  measure  of  bene 
faction  ;  it  will  benefit  the  poorer  class  of  people  in  this  country  ;  it  will  enable  those 
comrades  who  are  waiting  to  receive  temporary  benefit  until  such  time  as  the  cum 
brous  legislation  can  be  gotten  through  ;  it  will  benefit  every  post  of  the  Grand 
Army,  because  it  will  place  at  the  disposal  of  every  comrade  eight  dollars  a  month  ; 
those  who  are  generous  and  noble-hearted  would  turn  it  over  to  the  posts,  and  we 
would  all  be  happier  and  better.  [Applause.] 

Campbell,  of  Kansas — This  question  ought  to  be  simplified;  the  discussion  is 
taking  too  wide  a  range.  There  are  but  two  questions  that  we  ought  to  consider ; 
on  the  Merrill  side  of  this  question,  first,  that  all  need}-  soldiers  who  are  under  sixty- 
five  years  of  age,  who  have  any  disability,  whether  contracted  in  the  service  or  not, 
shall  be  pensioned,  and  when  they  are  over  sixty-five  years  of  age  they  shall  be 
placed  upon  the  pension-roll  as  a  matter  of  right.  [Applause.]  On  the  other  side,  the 
proposition  is  that  every  soldier,  rich  or  poor,  no  matter  \vhether  he  is  disabled  or 
not,  shall  receive  a  pension  of  eight  dollars  a  month.  Now,  they  talk  about  the 
justice  of  that  proposition.  Here  is  a  man  who  has  contracted  disease,  who  is  so 
sick  and  disabled  that  he  can  scarcely  stagger  to  the  pension  office  to  get  his  pension, 
and  here  am  I,  weighing  two  hundred  and  twenty  pounds,  hale  and  hearty,  and  I 
walk  up  alongside  of  that  poor,  feeble  soldier,  and  stick  eight  dollars  a  month  down 
in  my  groins.  I  say  it  is  a  gross  injustice  upon  the  face  of  it  to  pay  eight  dollars  a 
month  to  me,  hale  and  hearty  as  I  am,  money  which  ought  to  be  given  to  the  men 
who  need  it.  Every  healthy  soldier  in  this  country,  every  man  who  has  his  two 
hands  and  his  brain  and  his  heart  has  a  country,  praise  God,  in  which  he  can  earn 
an  honest  living,  and  he  need  not  want  any  pension.  [Applause.]  For  my  own 
part,  I  am  ashamed  of  the  proposition,  and  whenever  you  go  to  Congress  with  it  you 
will  be  frowned  down  in  the  future,  as  you  have  been  in  years  gone  by,  and  as,  in 
my  judgment,  you  ought  to  be.  The  man  who  fought  for  the  flag,  and  who  retained 
his  physical  manhood,  who  came  out  of  the  war  hale  and  hearty  and  well,  and  who 
has  not  yet  been  disabled  in  the  great  battle  of  life,  resists  the  proposition.  He 
don't  want  that  eight  dollars  a  month.  I  don't  want  it  until  disease  has  racked  my 
body,  until,  in  the  struggle  of  life,  I  am  overcome  by .  adversity ;  but  I  do  want  this: 
Whenever  I  get  into  trouble  ;  whenever  I  get  diseased ;  whenever,  in  the  struggle  of 
life,  I  become  unable  to  take  care  of  myself,  I  then  have  a  right  to  go  to  the  Govern 
ment  for  which  I  risked  my  life  in  her  hour  of  trial,  and  say  to  her,  "You  shall 
protect  me  in  my  hour  of  trouble."  [Applause.]  I  lay  that  proposition  at  the 
foundation  of  all  pension  legislation.  This  Government  has  no  right  to  refuse  a 
pension  to  any  man  who  wore  the  blue  when  he  needs  a  pension ;  and  this  Govern 
ment  has  a  right  to  refuse  him  a  pension  if  he  does  not  need  it.  If  he  does  need  it, 
he  ought  to  have  it,  and  he  must  have  it,  and  a  united  Grand  Army  upon  that  prop 
osition  wrill  go  like  an  army  with  banners  through  the  land,  and  we  will  compel  that 
much.  [Cries  of  "good,"  arid  applause.]  We  can  go  to  the  people  of  this  country, 
and  we  can  secure  that.  We  can  not  secure  any  more,  and,  in  1113-  judgment,  we 
ought  not  to  secure  any  more.  [Applause.] 

Kountz,  of  Ohio — I  wish  to  say  but  this,  that  two  posts  in  Ohio,  the  largest 
posts  in  Ohio,  organized  in  1866,  posts  that  have  held  up  the  banner  of  the  Grand 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  125 

Army  of  the  Republic  from  that  day  to  this,  have  expressed  themselves  upon  this 
subject.  On  Friday  night,  two  weeks  ago,  Butler  Post,  with  380  members,  voted 
against  the  eight  dollars  a  month  proposition  ;  and  the  Forsyth  Post,  with  700  mem 
bers,  voted  in  favor  of  Senate  bill  No.  1886,  and  against  the  eight-dollar  proposition. 

Commander-in-Chief  Burdett — Perhaps  it  is  unusual  for  the  chair  to  take  the 
floor  in  a  case  of  this  kind,  but  I  do  so  under  a  very  deep  sense  of  duty  and  responsi 
bility.  My  time  as  Commander-in-Chief  has  well-nigh  expired;  you  can  give  me 
no  more  honors ;  I  am  free,  and  at  liberty  to  express  the  honest  sentiments  of  my 
heart  on  this  subject  without  any  fear  whatsoever.  Now,  comrades,  let  us  be  honest 
first,  and  honest  all  the  time.  The  strongest  argument  I  have  ever  heard  made  is, 
that  if  you  pass  the  eight-dollar  bill  there  will  be  no  more  claim  agents.  Not  a  bit 
of  it.  The  present  pension  laws  are  on  the  basis  that  those  who  have  received  pen 
sions  have  been  damaged  so  much,  and  the  amount  paid  them  is  paid  for  the  purpose 
of  evening  them  up  to  the  level  of  dead  men.  Now,  do  you  propose,  in  order  to  pay 
well  men  eight  dollars  a  month,  to  repeal  or  modify  laws  which  made  the  sick  man 
your  equal  ?  Do  you  intend  to  do  so?  [Cries  of  "No,  no."]  If  you  do  not  intend 
to  do  it,  then  every  law,  every  claim  agent,  every  system  now  in  existence  goes  on, 
even  if  you  pass  your  eight  dollars  a  month  bill — every  one  of  them,  and  it  is  false 
to  comrades  to  tell  them  that  it  is  not  so.  You  simply  propose,  on  top  of  the  legisla 
tion  which  justly  undertakes  to  make  sick  men  equal  to  well  men,  to  give  to  the  well 
man  eight  dollars  a  month,  and  that  is  all  there  is  in  it.  If  now  and  then  there  is  a 
man  who  cannot  be  pensioned  under  the  present  laws,  and  who  is  needy,  he  is  an 
exception ;  and  not  the  rule ;  and  I  say  to  you  when  you  use  that  class  of  men  as  an 
instance  you  are  using  a  pennyworth  of  bread  to  a  shilling's  worth  of  sack.  Here  is 
my  principal  complaint  against  this  thing :  I  say  to  you,  comrades,  who  are  now 
urging  the  eight  dollars  a  month  pension  bill,  that  one  hundred  and  eleven  millions 
a  year  is  a  vast  sum  to  take  out  of  the  pockets  of  this  people — and  mind  you,  it 
comes  out  of  the  pockets  of  the  Grand  Army  men  as  well  as  other  men.  Now,  this 
is  my  complaint  against  you,  made  in  all  good  faith  and  earnestness  and  fraternity, 
that  you  are  proposing  to  take  that  vast  amount  out  of  the  treasury  for  the  benefit  of 
the  well  man,  and  by  so  much  you  are  depriving  the  nation  of  its  capacity  to  pay  the 
sick.  [Applause.]  It  is  not  fair ;  it  is  not  right ;  it  is  not  fraternal.  [Applause.] 
I  have  one  other  thought,  and  then  I  sit  down.  Say  what  you  please  about  our 
having  earned  it,  and  take  my  word  for  it,  the  moment  this  great  body  of  three  hun 
dred  thousand  ex-soldiers  passes  a  measure  to  take  out  of  the  pockets  of  the  whole 
people  this  vast  amount  of  money  to  put  into  the  pockets  of  well  and  hearty  veterans, 
3rou  put  him  in  the  position  to  be  called  not  a  legionary  of  Rome,  but  a  mercenary  01 
the  Republic.  [Applause.]  I  took  no  detriment  by  the  wrar.  Why  should  I  be  paid 
eight  dollars  a  month.  I  have  received  honor  from  my  fellow-citizens  and  from  my 
country.  Why  should  I  have  eight  dollars  a  month  ?  It  is  not  my  price.  [Applause.] 
And  let  me  tell  Comrade  Patch — Gud  bless  him  ! — whenever  you  go  into  the  canvass, 
and  begin  to  say  to  candidates  for  Congress,  "Unless  you  agree  to  support  that 
measure  down  you  go ! "  that  there  are  thousands  upon  thousands  of  Grand  Army 
men  who  will  say,  "No,  you  don't.  "  [Applause.]  If  you  know  aught  about  it,  you 
know  you  cannot  pass  such  a  measure,  so  why  run  the  risk  of  putting  a  cloud  upon 
the  glorious  brow  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  in  an  effort  which  will  certainly 
fail  ?  [Applause.] 

Loring — Allow  me  to  ask  you  one  question.  According  to  the  table  of  the  com 
missioner's  last  report,  there  were  280,000  claims  pending  and  unsettled  ;  according 


126  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

to  the  table  of  ratings,  there  are  26,000  who  draw  $2  ;  60,000  who  draw  $4,  and  34,000 
drawing  $6,  and  I  simply  ask,  will  not  this  measure  give  them  at  least  $8. 

The  Commander  in  Chief — Yes,  most  certainly.  And  why  do  they  receive  that  ? 
In  the  judgment  of  sworn  officers  men  most  competent  and  most  honest,  two  dollars 
a  month  is  all  the  detriment  they  have  taken  ;  the  whole  of  it  is,  you  give  them  six 
dollars  a  month  more,  and  then  they  will  simply  be  receiving  eight  dollars  on  the 
basis  of  well  men.  That  is  all . 

On  a  vote  being  reached,  Loring  demanded  the  yeas  and  nays,  which  was 
seconded  by  members  from  two  other  departments,  and  it  seemed  that  the  encamp 
ment  would  be  obliged  to  waste  an  hour  or  two  of  its  time  in  the  call  of  the  roll, 
when  General  Logan  made  the  point  that  the  rules  required  that  the  call  for  the  yeas 
and  nays  must  be  from  comrades  representing  the  whole  vote  of  three  different  depart 
ments.  The  Commander-in-Chief  was  disposed  to  treat  this  as  an  appeal  from  his 
decision,  a  position  which  General  Logan  said  he  did  not  wish  to  assume,  when  Funk, 
of  Illinois,  made  a  formal  appeal  from  the  decision  of  the  chair,  and  a  vote  being 
taken  the  decision  of  the  chair  was  not  sustained,  and  the  vote  was  taken  by  a  divi 
sion  of  the  house,  resulting  in  86  yeas  to  327  nays.  The  report  of  the  committee 
upon  the  subject  was  then  adopted,  and  also  the  report  of  the  committee  on  pensions. 

THE  NEXT  ENCAMPMENT. 

The  Commander-in-Chief  announced  that  in  the  order  of  business  the  convention 
had  reached  the  matter  of  fixing  the  place  of  holding  the  next  annual  encampment. 

Hamlin,  of  Maine — At  the  request  of  old  friends  and  comrades  from  Alabama, 
Georgia,  and  Tennessee,  I  rise  to  extend  to  you  an  invitation  to  hold  your  next 
encampment  in  the  good  old  city  of  Nashville.  In  considering  this  invitation  I  beg 
you  to  remember  that  some  respect  is  due  to  the  loyalty  of  that  State  which  sent  73,- 
ooo  men  into  the  Union  armies.  I  beg  you  to  recollect  that  no  part  of  the  county 
was  more  devoted  in  its  loyalty  than  East  Tennessee.  For  instance,  the  count3'  of 
•Sevier,  which  sent  into  the  Union  army  more  men  than  it  had  voters,  match,  that  if 
you  can  in  any  part,  of  the  loyal  North  ! 

I  beg  you  to  remember  that  in  this  department  there  are  many  historic  battle 
fields  ;  that  there  are  more  than  80,000  of  your  comrades  lying  under  the  sod  ;  I  wish 
to  assure  you  that  the  loyal  people  of  Tennessee  are  ready  to  meet  you  with  out 
stretched  arms,  and  that  your  old  comrades  are  waiting  for  an  opportunity  to  see  you 
once  more.  I  am  authorized  also  to  state  that  you  will  receive  an  earnest  and  a  hearty 
reception  from  the  men  who  fought  you  so  long  and  so  bravely.  [Applause.] 

Chamberlain,  of  Tennessee — I  am  here  as  a  representative  of  the  department  of 
Tennessee,  Georgia,  and  Alabama.  I  am  a  native  of  the  good  old  State  of  Pennsyl 
vania,  and  all  the  fighting  that  I  did  during  the  war  was  as  an  officer  from  that  State. 
Since  the  war  closed,  however,  it  has  been  my  fortune  to  have  passed  my  lot  with  the 
people  of  the  South.  I  have  been  a  resident  of  Nashville  ever  since  1863,  and  if  there 
is  any  one  here  who  is  capable  of  judging  of  the  feelings  of  the  people  of  that  coun 
try,  I  think  I  am.  I  have  mixed  with  them  in  all  their  walks  of  life,  socially,  politi 
cally,  and  otherwise.  Now  we  claim  for  the  people  of  the  South,  that  up  to  this  time 
we  have  not  had  proper  recognition  in  this  Grand  Army.  Take  the  entire  South  if 
you  will,  from  the  Atlantic  to  this  place  wrhose  shore  is  washed  by  the  Pacific  ;  take 
the  line  of  the  Ohio  and  extend  it  west,  and  never  have  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  met  once  within  its  borders  ;  only  once  has  it  at  all  been  south  of  Mason 
and  Dixon's  line,  and  that  was  in  Baltimore. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  127 

Now  we  claim  that  although  a  large  majority  and  a  great  proportion  of  the  peo 
ple  of  the  South  were  disloyal,  yet  we  claim  that  there  was  a  portion  of  the  people  of 
Tennessee,  aye,  nearly  half  of  them,  who  were  as  loyal  as  you  or  I  or  any  other  man 
dared  to  be.  [Applause.]  Men  who  were  hunted  over  the  Cumberland  Mountains, 
and  through  the  savannas  of  the  South  ;  men  who  were  forced  against  their  will  into 
the  Confederate]army.  It  is  true  that  the  wealth  and  a  large  portion  of  the  intelli 
gence  of  that  State  was  with  the  Confederate  arnty,  but  over  40,000  white  men,  as 
will  be  shown  by  the  reports  of  the  adjutant-general  of  that  State  took  up  arms  for 
this  Union,  and  fought  as  you  have  fought.  The  same  sun  shines  upon  them  that 
shines  upon  you  of  the  North.  There  are  no  valleys  anywhere  more  fertile,  no  peo 
ple  anywhere  throughout  this  country  who  are  more  entitled  to  proper  recognition 
than  the  loyal  people  of  that  country.  [Applause.] 

Now  then,  as  to  otir  capacity  to  entertain  you  :  it  is  true  that  we  have  not  the 
enormous  resources  of  the  State  of  California  ;  I  do  not  know  where,  under  the  sun 
—I  do  not  know  where,  in  any  city  of  the  East  we  would  have  been  entertained  as 
royally  as  we  have  been  entertained  here.  [Applause.]  I  will  say  this  :  that  if  you 
people  are  fearful  that  you  are  not  going  to  be  treated  properly  when  you  come  there 
to  Nashville,  I  say  now  you  are  greatly  mistaken  as  it  is  possible  for  you  to  be. 
[Applause.] 

A  voice — It  has  been  stated  that  the  hotel  accommodations  are  nowhere  near 
adequate  to  the  needs  of  this  large  convention.  I  believe  that  is  an  important  ques 
tion  to  be  considered. 

Chamberlain— I  wish  to  state  in  reply  to  that,  that  two  years  ago  I  attended  a 
meeting  of  the  encampment  at  Minneapolis.  The  hotel  accommodations  there, 
apparently,  were  inadequate,  yet  I  heard  of  no  suffering.  The  hotel  accommodations 
at  Nashville  are  almost  equal,  if  not  fully  equal,  to  those  of  Minneapolis — and  there 
is  another  thing — we  have  a  people  there  who  will  entertain  you  ;  the  hinges  of 
their  doors  will  continually  swing,  and  you  will  have  free  access  and  egress  into  and 
from  all  their  houses. 

And  I  want  to  tell  you  another  thing.  We  have  a  large  camp-ground  there  belong 
ing  to  the  State,  the  State  fair-grounds,  which  were  recently  purchased,  with  lines  of 
railroad  running  through  it,  and  they  are  putting  up  new  buildings  there  now.  The 
accommodations  at  the  present  time  are  sufficient  in  my  estimation  for  from  15,000  to 
20,000  people. 

Winters,  of  Tennessee — From  the  rostrum  of  a  number  of  State  departments  I 
have  extended  to  you,  on  behalf  of  the  citizens  of  Nashville,  an  invitation  to  cele 
brate  the  twenty-first  anniversary  of  the  organization  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic,  on  the  old  battle-fields  and  camping-grounds  at  Nashville.  In  extending 
those  invitations  to  you  I  have  made  certain  pledges  ;  I  pledge  you  that  the  citizens 
of  Nashville  stand  ready  to  guarantee  a  fund  of  $25,000  for  your  entertainment.  I 
stand  here  to-day  with  that  guarantee  in  my  hand,  signed  by  the  wealthiest  men  and 
the  most  prosperous  merchants  of  Nashville,  who  said  to  the  committee  that  if 
$25,000  is  not  sufficient,  they  can  have  thirty,  forty,  or  even  fifty  thousand. 
[Applause.]  Tennessee  and  Tennesseeans,  always  jealous  of  their  reputation  for 
open-handed  and  open-hearted  hospitality,  will  maintain  that  pledge  if  it  costs  them 
$100,000. 

I  will  also  make  another  pledge  to  you,  my  comrades  :  that  a  rate  of  one  cent  a  mile 
with  circuitous  route  tickets  would  be  given  you.  The  southern  passenger  agents 
agreed  on  the  24th  of  June  last  upon  a  rate  of  one  cent  a  mile  of  distance  traveled, 


128  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

with  circuitous  route  tickets,  and  should  the  encampment  desire  to  make  special 
excursions  to  any  of  the  old  battle-fields,  a  special  rate  of  one  cent  a  mile  will  be 
matie. 

I  want  to  say  to  you  that  I  know  from  personal  observation  that  nine-tenths  of 
the  rank  and  file  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  want  to  go  to  Nashville ;  they 
want  to  stand  upon  the  old  battle-fields  once  more  ;  they  want  to  visit  the  battle-field 
of  Fort  Donelson,  wLere  the  first  victory  was  gained  in  the  war  ;  they  want  to  stand 
on  that  historic  spot  where  Thomas  stood  when  he  shattered  Hood's  backbone  at 
Nashville  ;  they  want  to  go  to  Stone  River,  where  7,000  white  marble  stones  stand 
to  mark  the  graves  of  those  who  fell  ;  they  want  to  stand  upon  Lookout  Mountain 
and  Missionary  Ridge  ;  and  they  want  to  go  down  to  Atlanta  where  you  can  see  what 
has  been  done  by  the  energy  and  pluck  of  the  Yankee  boys  who  have  gone  down 
there  ahead  of  you,  and  we  can  guarantee  you  a  reception  such  as  you  never  have 
had  anywhere,  except  in  San  Francisco.  [Applause.] 

Grosvenor,  of  Ohio — I  have  a  letter  here  which  I  feel  it  my  duty  to  read.  I 
should  not  have  presented  myself  in  advocacy  of  Nashville,  although  I  have  been  an 
ardent  supporter  of  that  proposition  for  three  years,  had  I  known  that  a  city  in  my 
own  State  would  ask  for  the  honor  of  this  encampment.  I  received  this  letter  since 
I  came  here : 

NASHVILLE,  Tenn.,  July  22,  1886. 

Hon.  C.  H.  Grosvenor,  Washington,  D.  C.,  Representative  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic :  SIR — Our  pleasant  meeting  in  our  city  gives  me  the  pleasure  of  addressing 
you.  Eighty-three  years  of  a  not  unhappy  but  an  eventful  life  I  have  lived.  In  the 
course  of  nature  but  very  few  more  can  be  allotted  to  me.  Before  I  die  I  would  that 
mine  eyes  could  see  the  grand  reunion  of  my  beloved  country  in  the  city  where  my 
dear  husband  lies,  see  the  veterans  of  the  North  camping  in  unity  where  they  once 
did  in  anger,  and  those  who  wore  the  gray  shaking  hands  with  them  as  fellow-coun- 
trjonen  in  the  fellowship  of  a  common  destiny.  I  cannot  but  think  that  the  meeting 
of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  in  Nashville  in  1887  would  be  the  great  turning 
point  in  the  complete  reconciliation  of  the  land  my  husband  presided  over,  and  whose 
unity  is  dear  to  my  own  heart.  God  grant  that  the  veterans  may  come  once  more. 
Yours  in  fraternity  and  old-fashioned  loyalty, 

MRS.  JAMES  K.  POLK, 

Polk  Place,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

By  unanimous  vote,  Mrs.  Folk's  letter  was  directed  to  be  copied  in  the  proceed 
ings  of  the  encampment,  when  printed. 

Feighan,  of  Kansas — In  behalf  of  the  young  State  of  Kansas,  I  am  authorized 
to  invite  you  to  hold  the  twenty-first  encampment  in  that  State.  [Applause.]  It 
would  be  a  graceful  thing  for  the  national  encampment  of  the  Grand  Army  to  reach 
its  majority  and  celebrate  its  twenty-first  birthday  on  the  soil  that  received  the  first  blood 
that  was  spilled  in  behalf  of  the  Union.  Here  is  a  young  State  in  the  twenty-fifth  year 
of  its  age,  with  a  population  of  a  little  less  than  a  million  and  a  half,  and  a  soldier 
population  of  120,000 — a  State  that  can  welcome  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic 
and  will  be  proud  to  show  them  the  improvements  of  a  loyal  State  peopled  by  Grand 
Army  men.  [Applause.]  We  need  not  tell  you  that  a  soldier's  house  is  open  to  his 
friends ;  you  need  no  letter  of  introduction ;  you  need  no  certificate  to  entitle  you  to 
a  welcome  in  the  State  of  Kansas.  We  invite  you  to  a  State  where  the  governor 
wears  upon  his  breast  the  badge  of  the  Grand  Army,  and  who  will  extend  a  fraternal 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  129* 

greeting  to  you  when  you  come.  [Applause.]  We  invite  you  to  a  State  whose 
every  State  officer,  save  one,  wears  the  badge  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic, 
[Applause.]  We  invite  you  to  a  State  whose  delegates  in  Congress  for  the  last  fifteen 
years  have  earnestly  spoken  in  behalf  of  soldiers  on  every  proposition.  [Applause.] 
We  invite  you  to  a  State  that  during  the  war  furnished  more  soldiers  than  it  had 
voters.  [Applause.]  Where  twenty-two  per  cent  of  its  men  shouldered  their  muskets 
in  behalf  of  the  Union,  and  fought  and  helped  to  make  this  nation  free  and  great  and 
glorious.  [Applause.] 

We  desire  to  say  that  Kansas  has  five  trunk  lines  that  carry  you  to  its  center  for 
one  cent  a  mile ;  we  have  more  corn-fed  beef  to  the  square  mile  than  any  State  in  the 
Union  ;  we  have  larger  potatoes  and  more  roasting-ears ;  we  have,  standing  on  its 
own  legs,  the  first  soldiers'  home  west  of  the  Mississippi  River,  where  the  maimed 
and  crippled  are  gathered  from  the  great  Mississippi  Valley  and  cared  for  and  watched 
over  by  hearts  as  loyal  as  any  that  beat  in  this  great  country  of  ours ;  we  have  in 
that  State  Fort  Leaven  worth,  with  all  its  historical  memories  ;  we  have  more  hand 
some  women.  [Applause.]  And  I  would  say  to  my  friend  from  Massachusetts,  that 
we  have  furnished  more  loyal  husbands  to  the  Yankee  schoolma'ams  in  Kansas  than 
any  other  State  in  the  Union.  We  have  no  Chinese  or  Mormons,  thank  God !  Com 
rades,  we  come  to  you  as  soldiers ;  we  come  to  you  as  citizens,  who  represent  every 
organization  in  the  United  States  army ;  and  we  ask  you  to  come  and  see  your 
brothers,  your  sons,  your  daughters,  and  your  friends,  and  let  Kansas  once  more 
tremble  under  the  tread  of  loyal  men  who  have  accomplished  a  good  work.  Come 
and  see  what  we  are  doing  on  the  frontier.  [Applause.] 

Chipman,  of  California — I  would  like  to  inquire  to  what  particular  town  in 
Kansas  we  are  invited  ? 

Campbell,  of  Kansas — I  will  answer  that  question — Topeka.  [Applause.]  I 
want  to  talk  to  you  a  little  while  about  coming  over  to  Kansas  to  see  us  next  year. 
I  received  a  letter  from  the  Governor  of  our  State,  Hon.  John  A.  Martin,  since  I  came 
to  this  city,  stating  that  he  is  authorized  by  the  Legislature  of  that  State,  and  by  the 
people  of  the  city  that  we  represent,  that  the  most  ample  provision,  so  far  as  money 
is  concerned,  will  be  made  for  this  encampment.  He  wants  me  to  say,  in  the  name 
of  the  State  of  Kansas  and  in  the  name  of  120,000  veterans  who  lived  in  that  loyal 
State,  that  the  hearts  and  homes  of  every  one  of  them  stand  open  to  receive  this 
encampment  next  year,  and  bid  you  a  glorious  welcome.  I  want  to  say  to  you  that 
we  are  prepared  to  entertain  you,  and  as  many  people  as  can  get  there.  There  has 
been  some  doubt  expressed  about  the  capacity  of  Kansas  and  its  people  to  take  care 
of  you.  True,  we  can  not  give  you  the  royal  welcome  that  you  have  had  here ;  this 
is  too  rich  for  your  blood.  [Applause  and  laughter.]  If  we  keep  this  thing  up  for  a 
little  while,  it  will  shorten  all  our  lives  ;  we  can  not  stand  it ;  but  I  will  tell  you  we 
have  got  lots  to  eat ;  we  have  more  sow-belly  and  hard-tack  in  Kansas  than  you  ever 
saw ;  we  have  got  everything  arranged  so  that  the  veterans  who  come  there  can  go 
right  into  camp.  Here,  in  California,  we  have  been  drinking  wine  until  we  have 
forgotten  the  old  boys  back  home,  who  have  not  been  able  to  come  here.  We  went 
away  East  last  year ;  this  year  we  come  where  the  roar  of  the  old  Pacific  is  in  our 
ears  ;  next  year  let  us  go  where  there  are  120,000  of  our  soldiers  living,  right  in  the 
center  of  this  great  country,  who  can  not  get  away  from  their  homes,  but  who  hope 
that  our  encampment  will  come  and  see  them.  Let  us  not  forget  them.  We  can  not 
entertain  you  as  California  has ;  but  I  want  to  tell  you  that  the  capacity  of  Topeka 
and  of  Kansas  to  entertain  people  is  only  bounded  by  the  number  of  those  who 


130  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

come.  We  had  over  50,000  strangers  within  our  gates  at  the  last  encampment  of  the 
State  of  Kansas  alone,  and  if  there  was  one  \vho  went  away  from  there  dissatisfied 
with  his  entertainment,  we  have  yet  to  find  it  out.  We  entertained  in  the  city,  with 
out  putting  up  a  single  tent,  nearly  7,000  teachers  a  few  weeks  ago,  and  every  one 
of  them  was  satisfied ;  and  there  is  not  a  home  in  Topeka,  not  a  private  house,  but 
what  has  a  hole  cut  in  the  door  and  a  leather  latch-string  hanging  on  the  outside. 
[Laughter  and  applause.] 

We  ask  you  to  come  to  the  State  where  old  John  Brown  made  the  record  of  the 
Union.  [Applause.]  His  soul  is  marching  on  !  We  ask  you  to  come  to  a  State  that 
sent  more  men  into  the  war  than  she  had  voters — she  had  19,000  voters  and  sent 
20,000  men  into  the  army  ;  we  ask  you  to  come  to  a  State  that  left  more  men  in  pro 
portion  to  population,  upon  the  battle-fields  of  the  South,  than  any  other  State  in 
this  Union  ;  we  ask  you  to  come  to  a  State  that  has  more  soldiers  within  her  borders 
at  this  moment,  in  proportion  to  her  population  than  any  other  State  in  this 
Union  ;  we  ask  you  to  come  to  a  State  with  a  million  and  a  half  of  population,  and 
more  than  20,000  Grand  Army  men  in  it — a  larger  proportion  of  Grand  Army  men 
than  any  other  State  in  the  Union.  We  do  not  want  you  to  go  by  the  home  of  old 
John  Brown  ;  we  do  not  want  you  to  go  by  the  place  where  the  war  began  five  years 
before  1861,  and  where  the  blood  which  was  there  shed  dedicated  the  State  to  freedom; 
we  do  not  want  you  to  go  by  the  home  of  liberty  where  it  fought  its  first  battle  in 
this  country,  in  order  to  go  down  South  to  visit  a  lot  of  graves.  That  is  all  I  have 
got  to  say  ;  Topeka  comes  to  you,  bearing  upon  her  breast  the  invitation  from  a  million 
and  a  half  of  people  nearly  half  of  whom  are  soldiers  and  their  families  ;  we  come 
bearing  you  that  invitation  ;  our  capacity  to  entertain  you  is  just  as  big  as  our  hearts. 
I  thank  you  for  your  attention,  and  I  want  you  to  come  to  Topeka,  and  don't  j^ou 
forget  it.  [Applause.] 

Earl,  of  New  York — It  would  not  be  fair  to  the  State  of  New  York  not  to  extend 
an  invitation  to  meet  there.  Upon  the  part  of  the  city  of  Brooklyn,  in  the  count}'  of 
Kings,  I  extend  to  this  encampment  an  invitation  to  meet  at  Coney  Island.  There  are 
some  comrades  here  who  do  not  know  what  Coney  Island  is  :  it  is  a  city  by  the  sea, 
and  its  hotel  accommodations  are  better  than  those  of  any  other  city  in  the  State  of 
New  York.  It  is  a  suburb  of  the  city  of  New  York,  and  I  will  guarantee  that  if  the 
next  encampment  is  held  at  Coney  Island,  you  will  have  a  splendid  reception — not  as 
good  as  we  have  had  here,  because  that  would  be  impossible.  I  have  nothing  more 
to  say  except  to  extend  you  this  invitation. 

General  Sherman — Comrades,  I  am  deputed  by  the  delegation  from  Missouri  to 
invite  your  next  encampment  to  the  city  of  St.  Louis.  I  presume  you  all  have 
studied  geography  and  know  as  much  about  statistics  as  it  appears  necessary  for  me 
to  present.  St.  Louis  appears  to  be  the  great  central  city  of  our  continent,  and  I 
assure  you  that,  from  personal  residence  there  through  nearly  thirty  years,  there  are  no 
better  people  on  the  face  of  the  globe.  Their  history  was  a  little  mixed,  because 
negroes  and  mules  once  prospered  there,  but  they  have  gone.  St.  Louis  is  now  a 
loyal  city,  filled  with  merchants,  lawyers,  bankers,  and  business  men  of  the  first  class; 
with  hotels  capable  of  receiving  sixty,  yea,  a  hundred,  thousand  without  disturbing; 
the  peace  of  any  family,  and  therefore  St.  Louis  offers  you  and  generously  tenders 
you  the  welcome  to  which  you  are  entitled.  We  want  these  Kansas  people  to  come 
and  see  us,  and  we  want  Illinois  and  Indiana  and  Ohio,  Wisconsin  and  Michigan  to  come 
and  see  us.  There  are  twenty-one  roads  centering  in  St.  Louis,  and  anybody  west  of 
the  Alleghanies  and  east  of  the  Rockies  may  come  there  without  losing  a  night 's 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  131 

• 

sleep,  and  those  beyond,  not  more  than  one  night,  save  in  California,  where  it  takes 
four  and  one-half  days  of  convenient  travel.  St.  Louis  is  the  center  of  the  loyal 
people  of  the  United  States,  and,  therefore,  in  the  name  of  the  delegation  from  Mis 
souri,  which  has  given  you  no  trouble  and  which  answered  before  roll-call  when  you 
first  assembled,  I  ask  you  to  come  there.  We  sympathize  with  our  friends  of  Nash 
ville,  and  will  go  there  with  pleasure  at  some  future  time  ;  and  as  to  Topeka,  Kansas, 
there  is  not, a  man  in  this  assembly  but  what  rejoices  at  what  we  have  heard  upon 
this  stand  to-day,  that  40^000  loyal  Kansans  can  assemble  there  in  a  few  hours.  In 
St.  Louis  we  can  bring  them  from  Illinois,  Michigan,  Pennsylvania,  and  New  York. 
Come  to  us  and  see  the  people  of  St.  Louis.  The  delegation  representing  that  people 
tender  you  the  hospitalities  of  that  great  city.  Here  in  San  Francisco  they  always 
do  things  on  a  high  scale,  and  we  in  St.  Louis  may  not  be  able  to  put  up  as  much 
bunting  and  subscribe  as  much  money,  but  so  far  as  the  substantiate  of  life  are 
concerned,  and  so  far  as  generosity  and  hospitality  are  concerned,  I  assure  you  the 
fullest  measure,  and  heartily  invite  you  there  individually  and  as  the  representative 
of  the  delegation  to  which  I  belong.  [Applause.] 

D.  P.  Dyer,  of  St.  Louis — I  deem  it  a  great  privilege  to  stand  before  the  men  who 
are  assembled  here  and  bring  from  Missouri  and  from  St.  Louis  a  most  pressing  invi 
tation  to  you  to  come  there  in  your  next  encampment.  I  most  heartily  indorse  much 
that  has  been  said  about  the  location  of  the  next  encampment.  Last  year  you  were 
upon  the  Atlantic  coast ;  this  year  upon  the  Pacific ;  many  of  you  have  come  here 
because  you  were  able  to  come,  and  because  you  were  sent  by  your  respective  States  ; 
no  gentleman  has  come  to  California  I  am  sure  who  is  sorry  that  he  came ;  every  one 
is  glad  that  he  came  here.  But  I  do  not  know  of  a  more  fitting  place  for  your  next 
encampment  than  St.  Louis  ;  you  have  visited  the  two  oceans  bordering  our  country 
on  the  east  and  west ;  now  come  to  our  great  inland  sea,  which  extends  from  Cairo  to 
New  Orleans,  come  and  tramp  upon  the  banks  of  the  old  Mississippi  ;  her  waters 
wash  the  graves  of  thousands  of  our  patriotic  dead  ;  the  picket  line  of  the  war  was 
in  Missouri  ;  it  was  there  where  the  struggle  occurred  between  the  Union  men  on  the 
one  side  and  the  Secessionists  upon  the  other.  Those  of  you  who  were  there  during 
that  struggle  know  something  of  the  conflict.  Many  of  you  were  mustered  in  at  Ben- 
ton  Barracks  in  St.  Louis,  named  for  Missouri's  great  Senator,  who,  thirty-five  years 
ago,  standing  in  St.  Louis,  pointed  to  California  and  said  :  "  there  is  the  East ;  there 
is  China."  We  want  you  to  come  to  St.  Louis  ;  come  and  see  the  military  encamp 
ment,  and  see  the  many  beauties  that  our  people  have  scattered  around  through  the 
city.  Benton  Barracks — where  thousands  and  thousands  of  soldiers  were  mustered  in, 
and  thousands  and  thousands  were  mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war — by  the 
enterprise  and  energy  of  our  people  it  has  been  improved  until  they  have  become  the 
most  beautiful  grounds  that  are  to  be  seen  in  any  part  of  the  continent  to-day.  The 
parks  that  surround  our  city  are  very  beautiful,  one  of  them  containing  more 
than  i ,  300  acres  by  the  direction  of  the  mayor  will  be  open  to  the  Grand  Army  of 
the  Republic  during  the  encampment.  We  have  built  during  the  past  few  years  a 
building  not  surpassed  by  any  in  the  world  for  the  purpose  for  which  you  will  need 
it.  There  is  an  exposition  building  with  a  grand  hall,  a  music  hall,  which  will  seat 
from  five  to  six  thousand  persons,  and  another  hall  that  will  seat  from  two  to  three 
thousand,  all  open  to  you.  We  have  more  than  twenty  railroads  centering  in  St. 
Louis  ;  and  more  than  anything  else  you  will  see  the  rank  and  file  of  the  grand  old 
army  that  followed  Sherman  and  Grant  and  Logan  to  the  sea.  [Applause.]  I  want 
to  say  this  for  Missouri  :  she  stands  read}'  to  welcome  you.  I  would  not  dare  to  sav 


132  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

before  you  that  such  a  royal  welcome  as  you  received  here  will  be  given,  but  the 
hearts  of  their  people  are  true  to  the  Union  to-day  ;  they  were  true  in  the  dark  days 
of  the  country's  history,  and  they  have  been  true  ever  since.  We  sent  from  that  city 
at  the  beginning  of  the  war  a  man  who  served  under  the  command  of  General  Sher 
man,  who  commanded  a  corps  that  many  of  you  served  in,  and  whose  courage  saved 
Missouri  to  the  Union  in  1861,  that  was  Frank  P.  Blair,  of  St.  Louis.  [Applause.] 
We  recognized  these  things  at  that  time,  in  the  dark  days  of  our  State's  history. 
There  came  a  young  officer  from  New  England  who  was  in  command  of  the  arsenal 
there,  whose  military  star  flashed  like  a  meteor,  and  whose  life  was  given  to  his 
country  at  the  battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  in  Missouri,  General  Nathaniel  Lyon. 
[Applause.] 

We  ask  you  to  come  to  St.  Louis  because  we  know  we  can  take  care  of  you.  It 
is  an  honor  to  any  locality  to  have  you  come  ;  it  would  be  an  honor  to  Nashville  or  to 
Kansas  ;  but  there  upon  the  Mississippi,  where  you  can  depend  upon  Illinois,  and 
Missouri,  and  Kansas,  and  Iowa,  and  Wisconsin,  and  Minnesota,  and  Michigan, 
where  you  can  see  a  parade  of  a  hundred  thousand  veterans  who  followed  the  old  flag 
to  the  sea.  [Applause.]  Come  there  and  give  the  boys  a  chance ;  give  the  posts  a 
chance.  Here  you  see  two  or  three  men  representing  a  post ;  there  you  will  see  the 
entire  body  coming.  We  are  only  just  across  the  river  from  Illinois — we  are  the  next- 
door  neighbor  of  John  A.  Logan  [applause],  and  there  are  no  men  who  love  him 
better  than  do  the  loyal  soldiery  of  Missouri.  We  stand  guard,  as  it  were,  at  the 
tomb  of  Abraham  Lincoln.  Come  there,  and  we  will  give  you  a  two  hours'  ride  to 
Springfield,  where  his  body  lies. 

It  will  do  you  good  to  breathe  the  air  of  the  Mississippi  Valley ;  it  will  do  you 
good  to  see  our  greatness,  our  prosperity.  Come  there,  and  Missouri  will  take  care 
of  you ;  St.  Louis  will  take  care  of  you.  All  we  ask  is  for  3-011  to  come  and  see  us. 

I  have  only  to  ask  for  two  minutes'  time  for  a  distinguished  gentleman  from 
California,  who  has  done  so  much  to  make  our  stay  here  pleasant — only  a  word  or 
two  from  him  in  reference  to  Missouri.  I  call  on  Colonel  Stuart  Taylor,  whose 
eloquent  words  you  have  heard  since  you  have  been  in  Californfa.  [Applause.] 

Taylor,  of  California — It  was  not  my  intention  to  lift  my  voice  on  this  interesting 
question,  but  I  have  been  very  much  thrilled  by  what  has  been  said  to-day.  I  heard 
yesterday  from  a  cherished  comrade  that  the  most  illustrious  soldier  of  this  Republic 
had  expressed  a  certain  wish,  and  I  could  only  remain  silent  because  I  knew  that  if 
any  of  the  California  comrades  came  upon  the  platform  and  made  a  request,  you  felt 
so  grateful  to  us  for  what  we  have  tried  to  do  for  you  that  you  would  say,  "  Yes,  we 
will  go  where  California  wants  us  to  go !  "  We  have  not  come  to  do  that ;  modesty 
forbids.  [Laughter.]  It  had  been  my  earnest  desire  to  see  the  national  encampment 
pitch  its  tents  on  that  sacred  and  historic  field  where  first  our  flag  displayed  its  stars 
and  stripes  in  1776 — fateful  Saratoga !  I  wanted  to  see  the  members  of  the  national 
encampment  climb  the  rugged  heights  of  Ticonderoga  and  listen  to  the  living  echoes 
of  the  voice  that  thundered  for  its  surrender  in  the  name  of  Jehovah  and  the  Conti 
nental  Congress.  [Applause.] 

There  was  a  sentiment  also  linked  with  Nashville  which  appealed  to  many.  The 
men  whose  valorous  hands  tore  down  the  gateway  to  its  capture  in  our  dreadful  days 
of  shadow  longed  eagerly  again  to  wander  about  its  streets  and  look  upon  the  adja 
cent  fields  once  red  with  brothers'  blood,  where  now,  thank  God!  the  wild-flowers 
blossom  ;  where  happy  industry  and  sweet  content  find  homes,  and  where  is  guarded, 
too,  the  precious  dust  of  thousands  of  our  comrades  within  its  sacred  city  of  the 
silent.  [Applause.] 


GRAND  ARMY  .OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  133 

Others  cast  wistful  eyes  to  Dayton,  where  is  sheltered  the  soldiers'  home,  in 
which  a  grateful  country  guards  the  crippled  men  who  helped  to  place  the  stars  of 
the  Union  banner  side  by  side  with  the  eternal  stars  of  heaven.  [Applause.] 

Topeka,  Kansas,  has  its  champions,  too  ;  and  Brooklyn,  where  on  every  block 
there  are  two  churches,  which  we  need  so  much,  and  from  whose  spires  the  bells  of 
charity  and  peace  would  chime  sweet  messages  of  love  and  welcome.  [Applause.]  | 

All  these  are  centers  of  deepest  interest;  but  when  I  heard  that  the  nation's 
greatest  living  saldier  had  expressed  a  request,  it  was  for  me,  comrades,  a  command. 
[Applause.]  And  I  know  that  you,  gentlemen — so  many  of  whom  followed  the 
stirring  music  of  his  drums  in  that,  matchless  march  from  far  Atlanta  to  where  the 
welcoming  waters  of  the  sea  shouted  their  hymns  of  joy — will  also  take  his  request 
as  a  command.  [Applause.] 

So,  now,  permit  me,  in  very  few  words,  to  beg,  comrades,  that  you  will  sanction 
his  wishes  with  your  consent.  Who  deserves  our  allegiance  to  his  will  as  does  that 
modest  and  distinguished  soldier  who  has  just  addressed  you  ?  [Applause.]  Who 
living  has  done  so  much  for  you  ?  Though  still  hearty  and  hale,  time  has  begun  to 
crown  him  with  the  glory  of  whitened  hairs,  and  ere  many  years  the  last  of  the 
unmatched  three  will  cheer  us  never  more  with  his  inspiring  voice  and  presence. 
Before  he  goes  hence  to  clasp  the  hand  of  our  old  commander,  Grant,  who  wraits  to 
welcome  him  beside  the  throne  above  the  stars,  let  us  gladden  his  heroic  heart,  and 
make  the  next  national  encampment  in  the  home  of  the  republic's  great  chieftain, 
William  Tecumseh  Sherman,  beautiful  St.  Louis.  [Cheers.] 

Beath,  of  Pennsylvania — I  shall  occupy  but  very  little  of  your  time;  I  think 
that  there  should  be  a  little  reciprocity  in  this  matter.  I  think  it  right  that  the 
Western  comrades  should  go  a  little  East,  and  so  relieve,  to  a  certain  extent,  the 
pocket-books  of  a  large  portion  of  the  comrades.  Feeling  thus,  when  a  great  hotel 
city  was  named,  one  large  enough  to  accommodate  this  national  encampment — Saratoga 
Springs — I  said  that  I  would  heartily  second  the  motion  for  the  encampment  to  go  to 
Saratoga.  I  believe  we  should  go  there,  and  yet  I  am  compelled  to  acknowledge  that 
when  old  ' '  Pap  ' '  Sherman  asks  us  to  go  anywhere,  I  feel  like  packing  up  my  knap 
sack  and  following  him,  and  it  is  so  with  my  delegation,  and  we  have  rather  gone 
back  on  our  first  impression.  But,  notwithstanding  these  things,  I  believe  we  ought 
to  go  to  Saratoga  Springs  for  the  next  meeting  of  our  national  encampment.  There 
is  excellent  hotel  accommodation,  and  low  rates  will  be  assured.  The  railroad  facil 
ities  are  first-class,  and  the  fares  will  be  of  the  lowest.  When  you  come  there,  as 
has  been  said  with  reference  to  several  other  places  that  have  been  mentioned,  you 
will  be  welcome.  General  William  Tecumseh  Sherman  will  receive  as  much  atten 
tion  at  Saratoga  as  at  St.  Louis.  I  am  in  favor  of  keeping  these  encampments  in 
those  cities  where  the  greatest  attention  would  be  paid  to  General  Sherman  and  to 
the  soldiers  of  the  Grand  Army,  and  that  attention  they  will  receive  anywhere  in  the 
North,  East,  and  West.  I  believe  it  is  not  to  the  interest  of  the  Grand  Army  that 
we  should  go  to  Nashville  this  time. 

Van  DerVoort,  of  Nebraska — It  having  been  my  lot  to  spend  two  years  in 
attempting  to  make  this  encampment  of  San  Francisco  a  success,  I  feel  my  heart 
welling  out  in  gratitude  towards  the  comrades  of  New  York  and  New  England,  who 
voted  solid  for  the  city  of  San  Francisco,  and  having  made  my  pledge  to  do  all  I 
could  to  locate  the  encampment  at  their  doors,  I  stand  here  to-day  in  favor  of  the  city 
of  Saratoga  as  the  next  location  for  the  national  encampment.  I  want  to  say  a  few 
practical  words  in  regard  to  this  matter.  I  believe  when  I  state  what  a  place  will  do 


134  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

from  my  own  personal  knowledge  that  you  will  remember  what  I  said  that  San  Fran 
cisco  would  do,  and  take  my  word  for  the  city  of  Saratoga  in  this  res'pect.  I  was 
present  at  the  meeting  of  the  hotel  men  of  the  city  of  Saratoga,  representing  first- 
class  hotel  accommodations  for  40,000  people,  each  hotel  there  owned  or  run  by  a 
comrade  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  I  made  at  their  hands  a  pledge  that 
in  those  magnificent  hotels  no  rate  should  be  above  four  dollars,  except  in  the  Grand 
Union,  and  that  all  the  others  should  be  three  dollars  and  below;  the  great  hotels  of 
Saratoga  and  Congress  Hall,  accommodating  2,000  people,  would  give  a  rate  of  two 
dollars  and  a  half  a  day,  no  matter  what  room  the  comrades  occupy,  and  without 
regard  to  accommodation.  Further  than  that,  the  citizens  of  Saratoga  have  how 
pledged  $30,000  for  the  entertainment  of  this  national  encampment.  They  also 
guarantee  free  excursions  to  Ticonderoga  and  Schuylerville,  and  you  can  go  from  the 
city  of  Saratoga  upon  the  narrow-gauge  road  across  the  rugged  mountains  to  the  spot 
where  the  great  lion-hearted  soldier  of  the  age  laid  down  his  life  and  from  whence  his 
great  soul  ascended  to  glory.  Speak  of  history  !  Speak  of  battle-fields  !  The  valley 
of  Saratoga  is  replete  with  historical  associations.  From  the  inception  of  this  Gov 
ernment  it  has  been  the  marching  and  fighting  ground  of  the  Indian,  and  the  French, 
and  the  English,  and  at  last,  upon  the  plain  of  Saratoga  was  fought  the  battle  that 
made  it  possible  that  we  should  be  here  as  free  American  citizens.  Now  as  to  rail 
roads,  I  have  the  pledge  of  the  passenger  agents  of  the  New  York  Central,  the  West 
Shore,  the  Fitchburg  &  Hoosac  Tunnel,  the  Vermont  Central,  and  all  lines  centering 
there,  that  the  rates  shall  be  the  lowest  ever  given  if  the  encampment  is  held  at  about 
the  date  that  it  was  held  in  Portland.  There  are  120,000  men  within  easy  reach  of 
Saratoga ;  120,000  men  can  get  there  at  a  rate  of  fare  not  exceeding  ten  dollars  for 
the  round  trip  for  those  farthest  away.  It  is  a  spot  of  beauty  ;  it  is  a  spot  that  forms 
the  fairest  picture  on  the  face  of  the  earth,  and  after  the  enjoyment  of  the  wines  of 
California,  it  is  about  time  that  you  get  down  to  mineral  water.  [Laughter.] 

Now,  my  comrades,  I  believe  in  reciprocating  what  the  comrades  of  the  East  did. 
I  believe  in  being  magnanimous  upon  this  subject.  We  went  to  Portland  last  year, 
and  the  comrades  from  the  East  and  New  York  located  the  encampment  here,  and 
their  judgment  has  been  approved  now  by  the  whole  membership  of  the  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic.  Let  us  make  another  pilgrimage  to  the  spot  where  the  old  hero 
died ;  let  us  stand  up  and  cross  over  to  the  eastern  shore  again,  and  let  us  go  there 
with  a  rallying  cry  in  favor  of  the  flag  on  the  historic  plains  of  Saratoga.  I  have  no 
word  to  utter  against  any  other  city.  I  have  no  bitter  feelings  about  any  other  city. 
I  know  the  loyal  place  of  Tennessee.  It  was  my  lot  to  march  with  them  ;  it  was  my 
lot  to  be  with  the  loyal  men  of  Tennessee  in  the  western  mountains.  I  say  to  you 
that  the  place  from  whence  the  loyal  men  came  in  Tennessee,  the  great  mass  of  them 
who  enrolled  their  names  on  the  muster-roll  of  the  Republic,  was  not  in  the  imme 
diate  vicinity  of  the  city  of  Nashville;  it  was  in  Knoxville,  Chattanooga,  and  all 
around;  in  the  midst  of  those  mountains  they  lifted  their  flag  on  high,  and  dared  to 
die  that  this  nation  might  live.  My  judgment,  from  my  interest  in  the  Grand  Army, 
is  against  crossing  the  river  into  a  Southern  State  where  those  who  stood  shoulder  to 
shoulder  against  us  in  line  of  battle  are  in  the  majority.  [Applause.]  I  believe  in 
the  encampment  going  where  the  whole  mass  of  the  people  will  rise  up  and  sing  the 
songs  of  liberty,  the  joyful  songs  that  have  thrilled  our  hearts  and  glorified  our 
nation,  and  lifted  up  our  hearts  in  love. 

Howell,  of  Ohio — I  have  not  the  voice  of  the  comrade  who  preceded  me,  and  I 
can  only  be  heard  by  your  keeping  silence.  It  would  be  strange  if  Ohio  could  cross 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  135 

the  continent,  and  come  to  the  Pacific  slope,  and  ask  of  this  national  encampment 
nothing.  You  have  found  in  your  seats,  on  the  floor  of  this  encampment,  a  circular 
stating  the  advantages  of  Dayton  for  the  next  national  encampment.  I  want  simply 
to  make  to  you  a  plain  statement,  and  extend  to  you  an  invitation,  and  leave  the  case 
with  you.  I  want  to  say,  first,  that  we,  in  the  city  of  Dayton,  are  within  one  hun 
dred  miles  of  the  center  of  population  of  the  whole  United  States,  and  we  are  nearer 
to  the  great  masses  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  than  any  place  yet  named. 
I  want  to  state  to  you  that  our  citizens  are  backing  this  invitation,  and  in  my  hand 
I  hold  an  invitation  from  the  city  council  of  our  city,  and  also  from  the  mayor  of  our 
city,  and  from  the  Grand  Army  posts  of  our  city,  cordially  inviting  the  twenty-first 
national  encampment  to  hold  its  session  in  Dayton,  Ohio.  I  want  to  say,  that  in  the 
vicinity  of  Dayton,  within  two  miles  of  it,  we  have  the  original  soldiers'  home,  a 
place  of  640  acres,  beautifully  laid  out  in  landscape  gardening,  and  containing  a 
population  of  5,000  maimed  soldiers  of  the  Union.  All  of  these  soldiers  can  not 
come  to  see  you ;  they  are  the  living  relics  of  the  rebellion  ;  and  they  wish  you 
to  come  and  see  them.  I  want  to  say  to  you,  that  the  hinges  of  every  door  in  the 
city  of  Dayton  will  swing  open  to  take  you  into  their  hearts  and  homes.  I  want  to 
say  to  you,  that  the  citizens  of  Dayton  will  subscribe  every  dollar  that  is  necessary 
for  your  ample  entertainment,  and  I  want  to  say  to  you,  that  if  you  come  to  Dayton, 
Ohio,  we  will  receive  and  entertain  you,  not  as  you  have  been  entertained  here,  but 
to  the  very  best  of  our  ability.  [Applause.] 

The  speeches  were  closed,  and  balloting  was  begun,  resulting  as  follows:  The 
first  vote  resulted  in  Nashville,  159;  St.  Louis,  103;  Saratoga,  96;  Topeka,  61,  and 
Dayton,  43.  The  second  ballot  resulted  as  follows :  Nashville,  151  ;  St.  Louis,  138; 
Saratoga,  95 ;  Topeka,  43,  Dayton  having  been  withdrawn.  On  the  third  ballot 
Topeka  was  dropped  and  Saratoga  withdrawn  ;  St.  Louis,  213;  Nashville,  171. 

On  motion  of  Kountz,  of  Ohio,  the  vote  in  favor  of  St.  Louis  was  made  unani 
mous. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  was  accordingly  declared  the  place  of  holding  of  the  2ist  national 
encampment. 

ELECTION   OF   OFFICERS. 

The  Commander-in-Chief  announced  that  the  next  order  of  business  was  the 
election  of  officers,  and  appointed  the  following  tellers :  Urell,  of  Washington ; 
Wheat,  of  Wisconsin  ;  Kincade,  of  Wisconsin  ;  McCardy,  of  Minnesota;  and  Herrick, 
of  Illinois. 

Nominations  being  in  order,  Post,  of  Illinois,  nominated  John  W.  Burst  for 
Commander-in-Chief,  and  spoke  as  follows  : 

On  behalf  of  the  department  of  Illinois,  I  wish  to  present  a  name  for  your  con 
sideration  as  Commander-in-Chief.  If  I  should  say  all  that  my  heart  prompts  and 
all  that  Illinois  expects  me  to  say,  and  all  that  the  candidate  whom  I  shall  present 
deserves  to  have  said  in  his  advocacy,  I  would  take  too  much  of  your  time  at  this 
late  day  in  the  encampment.  Fortunately,  the  name  that  I  shall  present  is  as  well 
known  in  Grand  Army  circles  on  the  Atlantic  coast  as  it  is  on  the  Pacific  slope.  He 
was  a  charter  member  of  the  second  Grand  Army  post  organized.  He  is,  he  has 
always  been,  an  enthusiastic  Grand  Army  man.  He  has  filled  successfully  the  sev 
eral  offices  of  trust  in  the  post  and  department ;  he  has  been  a  department  commander, 
and  every  position  to  which  he  has  been  elected  he  has  filled  in  an  acceptable  manner. 
The  name  that  I  shall  present  to  you  is  that  of  John  W.  Burst — comrade  Jack  Burst, 


13(3  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

of  Illinois.  [Applause.]  We  have  made  no  canvass,  and  I  simply  present  his  name; 
but  I  wish  to  remind  you  that  the  State  of  Illinois  is  unanimous  for  him,  and  that 
Illinois  has  been  singularly  fortunate  in  the  selection  of  her  public  men.  In  1860  it 
was  a  question  whether  the  Illinois  President  would  be  equal  to  the  great  trust  to 
which  he  was  called ;  but  the  country  now  knows  that  Abraham  Lincoln  was  the 
right  man  in  the  right  place.  [Applause.]  Later  in  the  crisis,  it  was  a  question 
whether  the  Illinois  soldier  would  be  equal  to  the  responsibilities  placed  upon  him  ; 
but  we  now  know  that  Ulysses  S.  Grant  was  the  right  man  in  the  right  place. 
[Applause.]  Comrades,  if  you  shall  select  the  man  I  have  presented  as  Commander- 
in-Chief,  when  We  meet  one  year  from  to-day,  the  Grand  Army  will  unanimously  say 
that  John  W.  Burst  was  the  right  man  in  the  right  place.  [Applause.] 

Patch,  of  Massachusetts — The  delegation  from  Massachusetts  came  here 
unpledged  to  any  candidate,  but  in  obedience  to  the  wishes  of  a  number  of  its  com 
rades,  seconded  and  supported,  I  believe,  by  a  large  percentage  of  the  delegates  from 
New  England,  I  rise  to  place  in  nomination  a  candidate  outside  of  Massachusetts. 
The  comrades  from  Massachusetts  in  looking  over  the  history  of  our  order  are  proud 
to  recall  the  fact  that  in  its  earliest  days  it  was  necessary  to  place  at  its  head  such 
men  as  Logan  and  Burnside,  and  Hartranfl  to  give  character  and  dignity  to  its  infant 
organization,  but  as  the  land  has  grown  in  strength  and  prosperity  and  as  the  organi 
zation  has  made  its  mark  in  all  the  commonwealths  of  our  country,  the  hard  working, 
honest,  earnest,  loyal,  and  devoted  comrades  have  sought  not  the  men  of  high  rank 
and  position,  in  its  later  years,  but  have  selected  to  fill  the  highest  offices  within  the 
gift  of  these  conventions,  the  earnest,  the  honest,  the  loyal,  and  devoted  comrade, 
whatever  be  his  rank  or  position,  either  in  civil  or  military  life.  So  here,  to-day,  I 
stand  before  you  to  present  to  this  convention  the  name  of  a  comrade  who  never  wore 
anything  higher  than  the  stripes  of  a  corporal ;  who  never  wras  distinguished  for  that 
genius  which  made  men  such  as  Grant  and  Sherman  and  Sheridan,  but  who  was 
distinguished  in  his  army  service  as  a  loyal  and  devoted  soldier,  and  who  has  been 
honored  and  respected  in  civil  life,  as  a  loyal  and  devoted  citizen,  but  I  refer  princi 
pally  to  his  work  as  a  comrade  of  the  Grand  Army.  All  up  and  down  this  continent, 
on  its  mountains  and  in  its  valleys,  in  its  rural  towns,  and  in  its  populous  cities,  the 
name  of  Corporal  James  Tanner  is  heard.  [Applause.]  I  present  to  you  his  name  as 
a  candidate  for  Commander-in-Chief,  believing  he  is  well  worthy  of  the  position,  and 
that  he  will  fill  it  with  as  much  credit  as  any  who  have  preceded  him  in  that  distin 
guished  position.  [Applause.] 

Palmer,  of  New  York — It  would  be  almost  superfluous  for  me  to  say  one  word 
about  comrade  Tanner.  I  believe  that  my  friend  Patch  has  covered  the  ground,  but 
as  a  New  Yorker,  as  a  comrade  who  has  been  identified  with  this  organization  for 
twenty  years,  as  a  comrade  who  has  been  associated  with  Corporal  Tanner  in  all  the 
work  of  the  Grand  Army  in  the  great  State  of  New  York,  I  would  feel  that  I  was 
doing  him  injustice  if  I  did  not  add  my  indorsement  for  the  work  that  he  has  accom 
plished  in  that  State.  For  twelve  years  he  talked  about  a  soldier's  home  ;  we  went 
into  our  convention,  and  we  expended  a  great  deal  of  eloquence,  but  nothing  was 
accomplished  until  the  time  came  when  a  few  comrades  like  Tanner,  comrades  who 
were  earnest  in  the  work  of  a  soldier's  home,  got  together.  We  were  told  that  we 
could  not  succeed.  But  what  was  the  result  ?  Inside  of  one  year  we  raised  the 
sum  of  $90,000 ;  the  soldier's  home  was  built,  and  as  a  trustee  of  that  insti 
tution  to-day,  it  is  my  proud  boast  to  say  that  we  have  taken  out  of  the  poor- 
houses  of  the  State  of  New  York  1,000  men  who  are  now  comfortably  situated  here. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  137 

Now  comrades,  in  my  twenty  years  of  experience  of  this  encampment,  I  know 
that  there  has  been  but  one  occasion  in  which  you  have  conferred  the  appointment  of 
Commander-in -Chief  to  a  comrade  from  the  State  of  New  York,  and  it  was  not  done 
either  by  the  nomination  of  New  York — comrade  Robinson  was  taken  up  by  the 
convention  and  elected,  and  I  remember  distinctly  that  comrade  Tanner  was  the  one 
who  urged  the  delegation  to  combine  upon  comrade  Robinson. 

Now,  comrades,  I  simply  want  to  say  that  if  you  are  to  wait  until  New  York  can 
unite  on  a  candidate  you  will  wait  for  an  impossibility  to  occur,  because  I  want  to  say 
to  you — and  I  think  that  yon  have  been  convinced  in  your  long  experience  with  New 
York,  that  it  will  bring  more  brains  and  more  statesmen  to  this  convention  than  any 
other  delegation,  and  there  is  so  much  talent  amongst  us,  that  we  never  can  agree 
upon  any  one  candidate.  In  conclusion  let  me  say  that  while  misfortune  has  brought 
about  some  division  in  the  New  York  delegation,  it  has  been  my  pleasant  consolation, 
thank  God  !  to  say  that  I  have  never  indulged  in  innuendo,  never  have  attempted  the 
assassination  of  the  character  of  any  comrade  of  this  Grand  Army,  and  I  hope  it  may 
be  the  will  of  Him  who  ruleth  armies  and  nations  to  take  me  out  of  existence  before 
my  tongue  may  ever  be  permitted  to  assail  the  record  or  the  character  of  any  com 
rade  of  the  Grand  Arni3T.  [Applause.]  . 

One  word  in  conclusion  :  the  \vork  that  comrade  Tanner  has  done,  the  services 
that  he  has  rendered  to  this  organization,  the  painful  sufferings  that  he  has  passed 
through  by  his  exertions  on  behalf  of  this  organization,  I  believe  demand  for  him 
recognition  for  him  at  your  hands.  I  believe  to-day  that  there  is  a  feeling  of  grati 
tude  and  of  warm  friendship  to  that  comrade  who  has  served  us  so  faithfully. 
[Applause.] 

Now,  comrades,  let  me  ask  you  for  the  last  time,  probably,  that  New  York  will 
ever  ask  you  to  elect  that  honest,  that  faithful,  that  zealous  representative  of  the 
Grand  Arm}-,  comrade  James  Tanner.  [Applause.] 

Hicks,  of  Minnesota — At  the  request  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  depart 
ment  of  Minnesota,  and  by  the  order  of  the  department  encampment  of  Minnesota, 
passed  last  February,  backed  by  the  love  and  respect  of  every  Grand  Army  man 
within  the  borders  of  the  north  star  State,  I  present  for  your  suffrages  for  this  high 
office,  the  name  of  John  P.  Rea,  of  Minnesota.  It  seems  to  me  that  here,  before  the 
representatives  of  300,000  men  whose  deeds  were  deeds  of  heroism,  it  were  out  of  place 
to  say  any  words  of  fulsome  eulogy  for  any  man  who  is  a  member  of  our  order  and 
wears  our  badge  upon  his  breast  ;  and  while  I  will  indorse  every  word  that  has  been 
said  in  regard  to  the  comrades  who  have  been  nominated  for  this  high  office,  you  will 
pardon  me,  if  for  two  or  three  minutes  I  say  to  those  who  are  unacquainted  with 
comrade  Rea  a  few  words  as  to  his  history  in  the  service  of  the  Grand  Army.  At 
the  age  of  twenty  on  the  first  day  that  any  troops  enlisted  to  suppress  the  Rebellion, 
comrade  Rea  enlisted  as  a  member  of  an  Ohio  regiment.  He  served  for  three  years 
and  four  months  without  the  loss  of  a  day,  save  eight  days  when  he  was  captured — 
and  I  may  say  right  here  that  his  great  big,  loving,  kind,  and  genial  heart  made  the 
captured  (?)  the  captor,  and  the  captors  the  captured.  In  1866  he  joined  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic  among  the  earliest  of  its  members.  He  served  with  his  force 
in  Ohio  and  Pennsylvania  until  1875,  when  he  came  to  Minnesota  to  reside,  having 
held  various  offices  in  the  order  showing  his  efficiency.  I  remember  very  well  in 
1875  when  our  department  encampment  was  in  session  at  Minneapolis,  Minnesota — 
at  that  time  we  had  not  300,000  men  in  our  order — we  were  hardly  up  to  100,000 
then  ;  many  of  our  comrades  looked  upon  us  with  distrust  ;  those  outside  of  the 


138-  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

old  soldiers  looked  upon  us  with  suspicion  ;  we  were  not  then  in  the  acme  of  our 
glory,  and  I  remember  well  that  morning  we  read  the  editorial  of  a  paper  written 
by  some  unknown  hand,  and  the  department  unanimously  gave  a  vote  of  thanks  to 
the  author  of  that  article.  It  was  warm,  earnest,  enthusiastic  for  the  order  in  those 
dark  days.  When  we  came  to  find  who  the  author  of  that  article  was  we  knew  him 
as  John  P.  Rea,  the  man  who  is  now  nominated  for  your  suffrages.  The  order  in  Min 
nesota  going  down,  in  1877  and  1878  by  comrade  Rea's  efficient  services  the  depart 
ment  of  Minnesota  was  reinstated,  and  we  became  a  live  organization,  and  where  we 
had  only  a  few  hundred  before,  we  now  boast  7,000  members  of  the  order.  Comrade 
Rea  served  as  commander  of  his  post ;  he  served  in  various  offices  of  the  department, 
until  he  was  elected  as  the  department  commander,  and  then  at  Minneapolis,  Minne 
sota,  two  years  ago,  you  were  kind  enough  to  place  him  in  nomination  and  elect  him 
to  the  high  office  of  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief.  You  who  were  at  Portland 
one  year  ago  will  remember  how  he  performed  the  duties  of  that  high  office  to  the 
entire  satisfaction  of  every  comrade  present.  It  has  already  been  stated,  and  it  must 
be  apparent  to  every  comrade  of  the  Grand  Army  present,  that  what  we  want  here  is  a 
man  who  is  competent  to  do  this  work.  Comrade  John  P.  Rea  has  shown  that  he  is 
thoroughly  competent  by  the  efficient  manner  in  which  he  presided  over  the  encamp 
ment  at  Portland  one  year  ago.  Now  I  say  to  you  this  :  every  loyal  heart  in  Minne 
sota  that  beats  under  the  Grand  Army  badge  ;  every  man  in  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  who  has  the  honor  of  a  personal  acquaintance  with  the  man  whom  I  nominate 
will  say  in  his  own  heart  that  John  P.  Rea  is  the  peer  of  any  member  of  the  order, 
for  the  high  office  for  which  I  nominate  him  here  to-day.  We  ask  his  election  at  your 
hands.  [Applause.] 

Rheinoehl,  of  Pennsylvania — On  behalf  of  Pennsylvania  I  rise  to  second  the 
nomination  of  comrade  John  P.  Rea.  [Applause.]  He  does  not  belong  to  Minne 
sota  alone  ;  he  has  warm  and  devoted  friends  in  the  old  Keystone  State,  his  old  home, 
as  he  has  to-day  in  his  home  in  the  far  Northwest.  We  are  for  him  because  he  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania,  in  the  county  of  Lancaster,  where  to-day  rests  all  that  is 
mortal  of  Thad.  Stevens,  the  old  commoner,  and  John  F.  Reynolds,  who  fell  in  the 
forefront  at  Gettysburg.  We  desire  to  second  his  nomination  because  we  have  known 
him  from  boyhood.  He  left  college  in  Ohio  to  enter  the  cavalry  service,  and  his 
bright  sword  and  his  rattling  spurs  were  in  the  front  during  the  entire  war.  We 
know  him  as  well  in  his  new  home  as  in  his  old.  And  we  have  no  hesitation  in 
seconding  the  nomination  of  a  man  whose  heart  is  full  of  the  rich  red  blood  of  the 
Grand  Army  man  ;  who  in  private  life  is  a  spotless  citizen,  and  who  to-day,  in  the 
position  -he  occupies  in  Minneapolis,  is  an  honored  and  an  upright  judge.  Pennsyl 
vania  heartily  seconds  this  nomination.  [Applause.] 

Fisher,  of  Colorado — I  am  very  conscious  that  I  have  not  voice  so  that  I  can 
be  heard  by  this  mass  of  people,  and  all  that  I  have  to  say  is  that,  after  an  acquaint 
ance  of  twenty-five  years  with  John  P.  Rea,  most  of  the  time  in  Pennsylvania,  I 
indorse  every  word  that  is  said  here  by  the  comrade  from  Minnesota,  and  I  ask  this 
convention  to  believe  my  statement  that  no  man  in  this  body  possesses  more  of  the 
tact  and  ability  required  to  conduct  the  affairs  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic 
than  John  P.  Rea.  [Applause.]  I  say  this  from  my  own  personal  knowledge  of  the 
man.  I  cannot  address  you  longer.  My  voice  has  sympathized  with  the  eloquence 
we  have  had  here  for  the  last  two  days,  to  such  an  extent  that  I  am  as  hoarse  as  some 
of  the  constant  speakers  ;  but  knowing  the  man  as  I  do,  I  ask  you  to  give  your  suf 
frages  for  John  P.  Rea. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  139 

Sayles,  of  New  York — No  man  felt  more  deeply  than  I  the  words  which  the 
great  hero  of  the  war,  General  Sherman,  uttered  from  this  platform  in  reference  to 
the  disagreements  of  the  New  York  delegation.  But  I  believe  he  would  have  said 
what  I  appeal  to  every  comrade  here  to  believe,  that  the  minority  in  every  State  must 
submit  to  the  majority  upon  its  candidates  to  be  presented  to  an  encampment  for  its 
support.  Obeying  that  majority  of  the  encampment  of  the  great  State  of  New  York, 
I  have  a  candidate  which  I  am  instructed  -by  that  encampment  to  present.  It  may  be 
said  that  that  encampment  has  presented  no  instructions,  but  for  the  purpose  of 
enlightening  every  comrade  here,  so  that  upon  this  question  you  may  vote  not  only 
dispassionately,  but  intelligently,  I  will  read  as  part  of  the  speech,  before  presenting 
the  name  of  the  comrade  whose  name  I  intend  to  present,  what  passed  at  that 
encampment,  and  I  read  from  the  official  minutes.  My  good  comrade,  Palmer,  has 
said  that  New  York  would  never  agree.  Why  not?  If  the  minority  will  submit  to 
the  majority,  any  State  can  be  like  Pennsylvania,  solid  upon  any  election.  A  motion 
was  made  at  our  encampment  that  a  box  should  be  placed  at  the  end  of  the  stage 
where  we  cast  our  ballots,  and  that  each  delegate  at  that  encampment  should  deposit 
his  ballot,  upon  which  would  be  written  his  nominee  for  Commander-in-Chief,  for  we 
believed  that  which  I  have  discovered  ever  since  I  came  to  this  beautiful  State,  that 
if  New  York,  the  empire  State  of  this  Union,  came  to  you  unitedly  upon  any  of  her 
sons,  and  asked  that  this  honor  be  conferred,  that  you  would  most  willingly  give  it. 
Upon  that  motion  being  made,  my  good  comrade,  Corporal  Tanner,  made  this  state 
ment  : 

' '  I  think  I  can  state  something  that  may  give  .satisfaction  and  settle  this  ques 
tion  " — that  was  after  the  motion  had  been  made  to  have  a  ballot-box,  and  have  our 
delegates  select  for  themselves ;  ' '  there  will  be  no  false  modesty  about  it.  There 
will  be,  and  it  is  an  open  secret,  two  tickets  for  delegates  for  the  national  encamp 
ment  at  San  Francisco  to  be  voted  for  to-morrow ;  one  will  be  in  favor  of  General 
Reynolds  and  one  will  be  in  favor  of  your  humble  servant.  The  ticket  in  my  favor 
will  be  headed  by  Jones  and  Woodward.  If  you  find  any  other  ticket,  no  matter  how 
it  is  headed,  that  will  be  for  General  Reynolds.  That  simplifies  the  matter,  and  the 
comrades  will  know  how  they  vote." 

That  was  accepted,  and  Comrade  Tanner  named  his  delegates  in  the  convention 
himself,  and  upon  that  ballot  the  names  upon  the  ticket  headed  by  General  Jones 
and  General  Woodward  were  beaten  by  an  average  majority  of  ninety-five  votes.  We 
in  New  York  believed  that  that  ended  the  question,  and  that  the  choice  which  by 
that  vote  we  claim  we  were  instructed  to  present  to  this  encampment  would  be 
accepted  by  every  gentleman  in  our  State ;  so  I  say,  that  if  the  minority  in  a  State 
would  submit  to  the  majority,  there  would  be  no  personal  difference  between  us. 

The  name  of  the  man  whom  I  shall  present,  under  the  instructions  of  the 
encampment,  under  the  facts  in  our  convention  that  I  have  stated,  is  a  charter 
member  of  the  first  post  organized  in  the  State  of  New  York.  His  military  service 
is  a  matter  of  history.  He  enlisted  as  a  private,  and  the  fact  that  for  meritorious 
conduct  and  bravery  upon  the  field  and  elsewhere  he  was  elevated  step  by  step  until 
he  became  chief  of  artillery  on  the  march  to  the  sea,  I  do  not  believe  will  operate 
against  him  among  his  soldier  brethren  in  this  encampment.  I  have  heard  it  said 
that  he  has  just  entered  the  Grand  Army.  That  is  a  fact ;  but  before  New  York  State 
was  organized  into  a  department  General  John  A.  Reynolds  had  organized  a  post  at 
Rochester,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  ;  he  worked  in 
the  organization ;  he  has  been  its  department  commander.  As  to  the  growth  and 


140 

prosperity  of  the  Grand  Army  organization,  the  record  of  this  encampment  for  3'ears 
gone  by  will  show.  As  a  constant  worker,  he  has  no  superior.  As  a  citizen,  as  a 
business  man,  he  has  no  superior  in  the  great  State  of  New  York.  Political  honors 
have  come  to  him,  and  have  been  rejected.  The  height  of  his  ambition  is  to  serve 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  and  to  run  his  tannery. 

I  have  heard  said,  further,  something  in  reference  to  the  political  action  of  Gen 
eral  Reynolds.  I  am  not  here  to  say,  nor  will  I  say,  to  what  political  party  he 
belongs;  but  to  whatever  party  he  belongs,  he  has  always  been  true  and  faithful,  and 
has  voted  for  its  nominees. 

Now,  comrades,  without  saying  anything  against  anybody,  and  I  have  nothing 
but  kindness  for  my  friends  in  my  delegation  who  are  on  the  other  side,  every  effort 
has  been  made  to  present  to  you  a  solid  front.  Our  encampment  of  34,000  Grand 
Army  men  in  the  State  of  New  York  asks  for  this  position,  and  I  appeal  to  you  if  you 
would  not  say  to  me  under  like  circumstances,  "  If  we  support  anybody  from  your 
State  we  will  support  him  whom  a  majority  of  your  encampment  indorses."  My 
friend  says  we  never  can  agree.  We  can,  I  repeat,  when  the  minority  will  yield  to 
the  majority.  Take  this  man  General  Reynolds ;  deal  with  him  fairly,  as  I  know 
you  will ;  consider  him  in  your  department,  as  you  would  want  New  York  to  consider 
you  if  there  was  a  minority  there  asking  for  something,  and  even  nominating  a  man 
outside  of  the  State,  and  "with  charity  to  all  and  malice  towards  none,"  I  present  for 
your  consideration  that  peerless  soldier,  John  A.  Reynolds,  of  Rochester.  [Applause.] 

Macy,  of  Massachusetts — I  rise  for  the  purpose  of  seconding  the  nomination  of 
General  Reynolds,  of  New  York.  As  has  been  well  said  by  the  comrade  from 
Massachusetts,  we  come  here  as  a  delegation  pledged  to  no  individual.  I  assure 
you,  comrades,  that  we  are  not  united  upon  any  particular  candidate.  Before  leaving 
my  home,  I  had  made  up  my  mind  that  the  comrade  I  would  vote  for,  unless  I  found 
some  one  whom  I  thought  better  fitted,  would  be  John  A.  Reynolds,  of  New  York.  I 
have  seen  no  occasion  to  change  my  opinion,  and  by  request  of  many  of  my  com 
rades  I  second  the  nomination  of  a  comrade  whom  I  deem  worthy  in  every  particular, 
an  upright  comrade,  an  honorable  soldier,  and  a  good  citizen  for  the  position  of  Coni- 
mander-in-Chief  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  Let  us  support  the  candidate 
who  received  the  largest  majority  in  the  State  of  New  York.  He  was  the  choice  of 
the  New  York  convention  by  ninety-five  majority,  and  it  is  with  pleasure  that  I  sup 
port  so  worthy  a  comrade  for  that  position.  [Applause.] 

Comrade  Lloyd,  of  Ohio,  in  presenting  the  name  of  Lucius  Fairchild  for  Com- 
mander-in-Chief,  spoke  as  follows  :  Ohio  has  no  name  to  present  from  among  her  own 
citizens,  but  in  the  years  that  have  gone  she  has  been  accustomed  to  send  the  sons  of 
her  soil  into  every  western  State,  and  those  sons  with  steady  brain  and  strong  muscles 
have  helped  to  build  up  a  dozen  great  commonwealths.  She  has  been  filled  by  those 
sons  with  gratification  and  pride,  and  rejoices  in  every  honorable  distinction  which 
they  have  won.  I  remember  when,  years  ago,  an  Ohio  boy  went  to  the  great  North 
west  and  helped  to  lay  broad  and  deep  the  foundation-stone  of  the  great  State  of 
Wisconsin.  I  name  to  you  comrade  Lucius  Fairchild  [applause],  an  Ohio  boy 
adopted  by  Wisconsin,  and  I  want  to  say  in  very  few  words  that  the  echo  of  the  first 
gun  of  treason  had  not  died  upon  the  air  before  this  man  stepped  forth  at  the  head  of 
a  company  of  Wisconsin  volunteers,  ready  to  do  battle  for  his  native  land.  He  went 
to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  the  defense  of  the  nation's  capital.  He  drew  a 
bright  blade  which  was  never  stained  except  with  the  blood  of  the  enemies  of  his 
country.  He  rose  to  the  command  of  his  regiment  and  to  the  command  of  a  brigade. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  141 

He  fought  in  every  battle  of  that  grand  old  army  vintil  he  stood  upon  the  heights  of 
Gettysburg,  and  there  upon  that  decisive  field  he  helped  to  roll  southward  the  wave  of 
treason.  But  God  called  him  there  to  lay  down  his  strong  arm  forever.  Without 
one  murmur  at  his  fate  he  carried  that  armless  sleeve  back  to  the  State  of  Wisconsin, 
and  so  proud  were  they  of  their  son  that  with  glad  acclaim  they  elevated  him  to  the 
chief  magistry  of  that  State.  Having  served  in  that  capacity  with  distinguished 
ability,  he  was  called  by  the  President  of  the  United  States  three  times  to  main 
tain  American  interests  and  uphold  Amercian  nationality  in  three  different  foreign 
governments.  Returning  thence,  he  took  his  place  again,  where  for  long  years 
he  had  stood,  in  the  ranks  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  was  ele 
vated  to  be  the  department  commander  of  Wisconsin.  A  man  who  is  every  inch 
a  soldier,  a  man  who  is  every  inch  a  gentleman.  If  you  elevate  him  to  this  high 
position  you  maintain  the  character  which  the  Grand  Army  has  always  had,  and 
you  will  honor  yourselves  when  you  honor  him.  [Applause.] 

West,  of  Dakota — Comrades  of  the  Grand  Army,  I  have  taken  the  platform  for 
two  minutes  for  the  purpose  of  seconding  the  nomination  of  Jack  Burst,  of  Illinois. 
It  has  been  said  on  the  floor  of  the  national  encampment  before,  that  we  might  put 
the  names  in  a  hat,  and  draw  out  one  and  get  a  good  Commander-in-Chief.  That  is 
almost  true.  We  all  have  our  friends,  but  I  say  comrades,  without  disparaging  the 
merits  of  that  gallant  one-armed  son  of  Wisconsin,  whose  empty  sleeve  speaks  louder 
than  words  his  patriotism,  or  that  other  comrade  of  New  York  who  gave  two  legs  for 
his  country,  or  my  personal  friend,  Judge  Rea,  of  Minnesota,  to  whom  mv  heart  goes 
out  in  love  and  gratitude,  that  Jack  Burst,  of  Illinois,  in  all  that  constitutes  a  true 
soldier,  a  representative  of  the  Grand  Army,  in  loyalty  and  in  devotion  to  princi 
ple,  is  the  peer  of  them  all.  [Applause.]  Comrades,  the  great  State  of  Illinois,  with 
almost  a  multitude  of  posts,  has  asked  you  to  elect  her  favorite  son.  Jack  Burst,  and 
we  from  away  off  in  Dakota,  most  heartily  second  his  nomination.  [Applause.] 

A  delegate  from  Washington  Territory — Washington  Territory  presents  no  candi 
date  from  the  membership  of  that  Territory,  but  I  have  the  honor  to  second  the  nomi 
nation  on  behalf  of  the  department  of  Washington  Territory,  of  Lucius  Fairchild. 
[Applause.] 

Grey,  of  Wisconsin — I  am  directed  by  the  delegation  from  the  State  of  Wiscon 
sin  to  say  a  word  for  that  commonwealth  in  favor  of  the  election  of  her  son,  comrade 
Lucius  Fairchild  to  this  distinguished  office.  I  wish  to  say  that  I  know  of  no  regu 
lation  of  our  order  that  prevent^  a  man  from  enjoying  all  its  honors  and  emoluments, 
whatever  they  may  be,  because  he  wore  shoulder-straps  in  the  war.  I  think  we  are 
all  privates  now.  No  man  should  be  disfranchised  because  he  happened  not  to  be  a 
private  then.  I  say  so  much  in  all  kindness  and  good  feeling.  In  presenting  the 
name  of  our  distinguished  son  of  Wisconsin,  1  wish  to  say  that  he  is  a  man  whom 
we  all  honor,  and  whom  we  all  love,  and  if  you  knew  him  as  .we  know  him,  you 
would  honor  him  and  love  him  as  we  do.  His  name  runs  in  letters  of  gold  through 
much  of  the  legislation  of  our  beloved  commonwealth,  and  he  has  always  stood  to  his 
colors  in  war  as  well  as  in  peace.  Comrades,  in  elevating  our  comrade,  Lucius  Fair- 
child,  to  the  forefront  of  the  ranks  of  the  Grand  Army,  you  will  confer  upon  him  an 
honor  which  he  will  prize  higher  than  he  would  to  be  made  President  of  the  United 
States.  [Applause.]  And  I  assure  you  that  he  will  fill  the  conditions  of  that  high 
office  with  the  same  alacrity,  and  with  the  same  integrity,  and  with  the  same  noble 
ness  of  character  that  he  filled  the  position  of  honor-guard  of  his  post  in  the  Grand 
Army.  In  asking  your  votes  for  Fairchild,  of  Wisconsin,  we  ask  you  to  vote  for  a 


142  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

• 

man  whom  we  rely  upon  to  do  tha  right  thing  at  the  right  time,  and  in  a  proper  way. 
[Applause.] 

The  result  of  the  first  ballot  was  as  follows:  Reynolds,  37;  Rea,  62  ;  Burst,  71  ; 
Tanner,  112;  Fairchild,  158. 

There  being  no  election,  a  second  ballot  was  taken,  which  resulted  as  follows  : 
Rea,  15  ;  Burst,  52 ;  Tanner,  81 ;  Fairchild,  229. 

When  the  result  of  the  ballot  was  announced,  Tanner,  of  New  York,  said : 
Commander-in-Chief  and  comrades  :  The  national  convention  of  the  Grand  Army  of 
the  Republic,  the  highest  institution  of  our  order,  has  after  a  most  spirited  and 
earnest  contest  chosen  its  leader  for  the  coming  year.  In  choosing  that  leader  it  has 
chosen  a  gentleman  of  magnificent  attributes  in  whatever  characteristic  we  consider 
him.  [Applause.]  We  have  chosen  one  who  has  served  the  State  and  the  nation  on 
the  field  of  battle  and  in  the  field  of  diplomacy.  For  myself,  sir,  I  bow,  as  I  always 
bow  when  I  believe  a  verdict  has  been  rendered  fairly  and  honestly,  to  the  will  of  the 
majority.  [Applause.]  I  most  heartily  make  the  motion,  prompted  alike  by  usage, 
courtesy,  and  the  sentiments  of  my  own  heart,  that  Lucius  Fairchild  be  declared  the 
unanimous  choice  of  this  convention  as  its  Commander-in-Chief.  [Applause.] 

Reynolds,  of  New  York — I  second  the  motion,  and  congratulate  the  comrades  on 
having  made  the  choice  of  so  worthy  a  comrade. 

Rea,  of  Minnesota — I  also  second  the  motion. 

Burst,  of  Illinois — Commander-in-Chief,  and  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army :  This 
is  a  very  pleasant  duty  I  have  to  perform  at  this  time.  There  is  no  comrade  on  this 
floor  who  has  greater  respect  for  our  honored  comrade  just  elected  to  the  highest  office 
in  your  gift  than  have  I.  There  is  no  delegation  in  this  encampment  that  will  render 
him  more  loyal  support  than  will  the  delegation  that  I  have  the  honor  to  represent  at 
this  time.  Illinois  is  ever  loyal  to  the  organization  that  we  love  so  well.  I  have 
preached  my  funeral  sermon  upon  former  occasions,  and  I  do  it  to-day  with  charac 
teristic  grace.  I  love  you  all,  and  the  comrades  who  have  voted  against  me  have  just 
as  warm  a  place  in  my  heart  to-day  as  those  who  have  supported  me  with  so  much 
enthusiasm.  I  also  second  the  motion  that  the  election  of  our  gallant  comrade, 
Lucius  Fairchild,  of  Wisconsin,  be  made  unanimous.  [Applause.] 

The  motion  was  unanimously  carried. 

Three  cheers  having  been  given  for  the  Commander-in-Chief-elect,  he  was  called 
to  the  platform,  and  said :  Commander-in-Chief  and  comrades  of  the  Grand  Arm}-  of 
the  Republic  :  It  has  been  my  fortune  on  several  occasions  to  stand  before  assemblages 
of  my  fellow-citizens  when  honors  have  been  heaped  upon  my  shoulders  ;  but  I  can 
truly  sa}',  from  the  bottom  of  my  heart,  comrades,  that  no  honor  ever  conferred  upon 
me  gives  me  more  pleasure  or  one  that  I  have  prized  more  highly  than  I  do  this  great 
compliment  you  have  paid  me  this  night.  [Applause.]  To  be  elected  to  this  high 
office  is  an  honor  to  any  man  in  all  this  broad  land  ;  to  have  the  confidence,  esteem, 
and  respect  of  his  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  ought  to  make  any 
man  always  happy.  I  can  at  this  time  only  thank  you,  and  pledge  to  you  that  what 
ever  ability  and  industry  I  have  shall  be  given  during  the  ensuing  year  to  the  good 
of  the  order.  [Applause.] 

At  this  point  the  committee  on  rules  and  regulations  announced  that  the}'  were 
ready  to  make  an  additional  report.  Beath,  of  Pennsylvania,  from  that  committee, 
said  : 

In  the  absence  of  comrade  Chipman,  who  had  kindly  relieved  me  from  reading 
the  previous  part  of  the  report  of  the  committee  on  rules  and  regulations,  I  will  pro- 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  143 

ceed  now  with  the  duty  of  finishing  our  work.  By  the  action  of  the  encampment  on 
the  report  of  the  Commander-in-Chief,  a  change  having  been  made  in  the  order  rela 
tive  to  badges,  it  becomes  necessary  to  amend  that  article.  I  will  read  the  proposed 
amendment  and  ask  unanimous  consent  that  it  shall  be  so  reintroduced  in  order  that 
we  may  be  consistent  with  our  action  on  that  report. 

Section  2,  article  9,  chapter  v,  is  hereby  amended  as  to  approve  the  badge  adopted 
in  San  Francisco,  August  4,  1886,  and  no  other  badge  shall  be  worn  as  a  member 
ship  badge  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  provided,  however,  that  the  badges 
heretofore  issued  under  the  authority  of  the  national  encampment,  are  hereby  recog 
nized.  The  quartermaster-general  is  authorized  to  make  exchange  of  badges. 

We  ask  unanimous  consent  to  introduce  this  necessary  change  in  the  rules  and 
regulations. 

The  report  was  adopted. 

Grosvenor,  of  Ohio — I  ask  unanimous  consent  to  introduce  a  resolution  that  will 
not  involve  any  discussion,  and  ask  for  immediate  action  upon  it  by  the  encamp 
ment  : 

Resolved.  That  this  national  encampment  actuated  by  desire  for  uniformity  in 
the  rulings  and  decisions  upon  the  lawrs,  rules,  and  regulations  of  the  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic,  does  hereby  indorse  the  blue  book  compiled  and  written  by  past 
Commander-in-Chief  R.  B.  Beath  as  a  standard  and  authoritative  book  of  reference 
and  authority,  and  comrade  Beath  has  been  directed  to  continue  the  edition  of  his 
work  from  time  to  time(to  correspond  with  the  new  decisions  of  the  national  encamp 
ment  and  the  changes  of  the  rules  and  regulations. 

I  desire  to  say  simply  that  comrade  Beath  makes  no  money  out  of  this  publica 
tion  ;  it  requires  a  revision  at  the  end  of  each  year,  and  the  desire  is  to  have  such  a 
recognized  book  as  will  make  it  authoritative  just  like  any  other  law  book  in  the 
codes  of  the  country. 

Beath,  of  Pennsylvania — I  wish  to  say  one  word  in  correction  of  what  has  just 
been  said :  It  is  not  true  that  I  do  not  make  an}'  money  out  of  the  book  ;  there  has 
been  some  money  in  it  of  course. 

Grosvenor — What  I  mean  is  that  there  is  no  speculation  in  it. 

The  resolution  was  adopted. 

The  committee  on  rules  and  regulations  made  the  following  additional  report  by 
Beath,  of  Pennsylvania  : 

The  committee  have  had  before  them  another  thing  in  regard  to  representation 
in  the  national  encampment  and  filling  vacancies  therein.  There  is  a  provision  in 
the  department  encampment  in  reference  to  the  mode  of  filling  vacancies  in  the  repre 
sentations  from  posts.  There  is  no  such  provision  for  the  filling  of  vacancies  caused 
by  the  absence  of  delegates  to  the  national  encampment,  and  we  think  there  should 
be,  so  as  to  avoid  trouble  in  the  future,  and  we  offer  an  amendment  to  section  2,  article 
2,  chapter  iv:  an}-  vacancies  occurring  by  written  resignation  that  may  exhaust 
the  list  of  alternates  entitled  to  serve  in  place  of  absent  representatives  may  be  filled 
by  the  department  council  of  administration  duly  called  within  its  own  jurisdiction, 
and  such  alternates  shall  serve  in  the  order  of  their  election. 

We  ask  consent  to  introduce  this  necessary  amendment  to  our  rules  and  regu 
lations. 

After  consultation  the  committee  decided  to  withdraw  the  resolution  for  the 
present. 


144  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

The  committee  made  the  following  additional  report : 

Your  committee  have  had  under  consideration  the  petition  of  Colonel  Fred.  Grant 
for  authority  to  be  mustered  into  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 

Article  iv,  rules  and  regulations,  prescribes  the  qualifications  for  membership. 
The  petitioner  does  not  possess  these  qualifications.  While  he  rendered  voluntary 
service  in  the  army  between  April  12,  1861,  and  April  9,  1865,  in  the  war  for  the  sup 
pression  of  the  Rebellion,  he  was  never  mustered  into  the  service,  and  could  not,  of 
course,  be  discharged  therefrom. 

The  petition  cannot,  therefore,  in  the  opinion  of  the  committee,  be  granted  with 
out  first  amending  our  rules  and  regulations  so  as  to  cover  the  facts  in  the  case. 

Under  article  xv,  any  section  of  our  regulations  may  be  suspended,  for  the  time 
being,  at  any  meeting  of  the  national  encampment,  by  a  unanimous  vote,  but  your 
committee  is  of  the  opinion  that  such  suspension  of  the  rules  should  only  be  invoked 
to  make  an  immediate  amendment  of  the  regulations. 

The  policy  of  taking  favorable  action  raises  a  more  serious  question  and  one  far- 
reaching  in  its  effect.  Your  committee  cannot  permit  itself  to  consider  the  distin 
guished  kii'ship  of  the  petitioner,  for  it  is  freely  admitted  that  such  consideration  will 
ever,  in  this  country,  so  touch  the  hearts  of  soldiers  that  under  its  influence  no  request 
within  their  power  would  be  by  them  refused. 

There  are  several  classes  of  persons,  and  many  individual  cases,  presenting  similar 
and  strong  claims  upon  us  for  admission  to  our  organization,  and  we  believe  the  time 
has  come  when  the  national  encampment  should  consider  some  general  provision  or 
amendment  to  meet  these  cases,  but  such  amendment  deserves  the  most  careful  con 
sideration,  and,  in  the  judgment  of  your  committee,  should  not  be  hastily  acted 
upon. 

Your  committee  are  of  the  opinion  that  individual  cases  of  a  class  should  not  be 
taken  up  by  the  national  encampment,  but  that  provision  for  all  of  the  class  should 
first  be  made. 

Your  committee  recommend  that  departments  be  instructed  to  request  such  per 
sons  in  their  jurisdictions  as  have  actually  served  in  the  army,  navy,  or  marine  corps 
of  the  Union  at  any  time  during  the  period  mentioned  in  regulations,  but  without 
muster  into  such  service  or  a  discharge  therefrom,  to  state  their  cases  in  writing  and 
forward  the  same  through  the  proper  channels  to  the  adjutant-general  to  be  brought 
before  the  next  national  encampment,  and  that  the  judge-advocate-general  be 
requested  to  classify  all  such  cases  and  present  at  that  time  a  form  of  regulation  to 
cover  the  same. 

On  motion,  the  above  was  unanimously  adopted. 

The  committee  returned  the  resolution  with  regard  to  filling  vacancies  amended 
so  as  to  read  as  follows  : 

Any  vacancies  occurring  by  written  resignation  that  may  exhaust  the  list  of 
alternates  entitled  to  serve  in  place  of  absent  representatives  may  be  filled  by  the 
department  council  of  administration  duly  called  and  sitting  within  its  own  jurisdic 
tion,  and  such  alternates  shall  serve  in  the  order  of  their  election,  and  moved  for  its 
adoption. 

The  motion  was  adopted,  as  was  also  the  report  of  the  committee. 

Day,  of  Ohio,  offered  the  following  resolution  : 

WHEREAS,  The  dead  of  Fort  Meigs  lie  under  unmarked  graves ;  and  whereas, 
those  soldiers  belong  to  regiments  from  Kentucky,  Virginia,  Pennsylvania,  Ohio,  and 
Indiana ; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  145 

Resolved,  That  a  committee  of  six  members  of  the  encampment  be  appointed, 
one  from  each  of  the  States  of  Kentucky,  Virginia,  West  Virginia,  Pennsylvania, 
Ohio,  and  Indiana,  to  visit  Fort  Meigs  during  the  ensuing  year,  examine  the  site  and 
burial-place  of  its  dead,  and  report  at  the  next  national  encampment  the  result  of 
such  investigation,  together  with  such  recommendation  as  may  be  deemed  proper  in 
the  premises. 

The  comrade  said  :  This  will  involve  no  expense  on  the  part  of  the  national 
encampment.  It  is  the  starting-point  for  the  protection  of  the  graves  of  those  who 
have  gone  before  us  in  the  former  wars  of  this  country.  I  assume  that  this  move 
ment  must  originate  in  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  Everything  affecting  the 
soldier  element  of  this  country,  whether  belonging  to  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  or 
the  wars  prior  to  that,  must  emanate  from  this  organization.  Upon  that  assumption 
I  ask  the  adoption  of  this  resolution,  assuring  you  again  that  a  properly  chosen  com 
mittee  will  heartily  take  hold  of  the  work,  and  that  it  will  not  be  at  the  expense  of 
the  encampment. 

The  resolution  was  adopted. 

Harper,  of  Pennsylvania,  offered  the  following  resolution  : 

Resolved',  That  the  retiring  Commander-in-Chief  and  adjutant-general  be  author 
ized  to  contract  for  and  supervise  the  printing  of  the  journal  of  this  national  encamp 
ment,  but  subject  to  the  recommendation  of  the  administration  already  adopted. 
The  resolution  was  adopted. 

Merrill,  from  the  committee  on  the  report  of  the  judge-advocate-general,  said  : 
In  the  report  of  the  judge-advocate-general  was  one  suggestion  which  the  committee 
upon  that  report  intended  to  have  made  a  recommendation  in  their  report.  The  judge- 
advocate-general  recommended  that  a  committee  of  five  be  appointed  by  the  incoming 
Commander-in-Chief  to  prepare  and  present  to  the  next  national  encampment  a 
simple,  concise,  and  complete  form  of  procedure  in  courts-martial.  By  my  own 
inadvertence  it  was  omitted  from  the  report  of  the  committee,  and  I  now  move,  in 
accordance  with  the  recommendation  of  the  judge-advocate-general,  that  the  incoming 
Commander-in-Chief  be  authorized  to  appoint  a  committee  of  five  who  shall  prepare 
and  report,  for  the  consideration  of  the  next  national  encampment,  a  concise  system 
of  procedure  in  courts-martial  in  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 
The  recommendation  was  adopted. 

The  next  thing  in  order  was  the  nomination  of  Senior  Vice-Commander. 
Barnes,  of  California,  nominated  S.  W.  Backus.  He  said  :  In  the  absence  of  the 
department  commander  of  California  I  am  requested  to  state  to  you,  and  I  do  so  with 
great  pleasure,  that  the  members  of  the  California  delegation  to  this  encampment  are 
a  unit  in  favor  of  one  candidate,  and  we  have  no  other.  I  allude  to  comrade  Backus. 
[Applause.]  I  may  say  a  few  words  in  respect  to  him.  In  1867  comrade  Backus 
was  one  of  the  first  veteran  soldiers  of  the  State  who  took  the  obligation  of  our  order. 
He  has  been  its  faithful  friend  and  servant  ever  since.  He  is  a  past  post  commander. 
He  is  past  department  commander.  He  has  occupied  high  stations  in  California.  He 
was  the  adjutant-general  of  our  State,  and  did  perhaps  more  than  any  other  man,  at 
least  that  I  am  acquainted  with,  to  bring  it  into  the  present  state  of  efficiency.  He 
has  been  the  postmaster  of  this  city,  and  has  served  in  that  capacity  with  great 
distinction,  a  distinction  I  am  sure  that  you  will  appreciate  when  I  tell  you  that  when 
he  came  into  the  office  he  put  sixty-six  veteran  soldiers  into  his  department,  and 
would  have  continued  to  do  it  up  to  this  day  but  for  the  unfortunate  interference  of 
the  civil  service  rules.  I  say  he  is  the  choice  of  the  California  delegation.  I  am  well 
K 


146  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

aware  that  some  gentlemen  in  the  encampment  have,  as  we  have,  a  very  warm 
affection  and  very  high  esteem  for  another  of  our  comrades.  We  had  no  idea  of  his 
wishes  in  that  direction.  They  were  not  communicated  to  us,  and  the  delegation 
long  ago  determined  that  comrade  Backus,  who  for  one  year  has  devoted  himself  to 
this  encampment,  and  to  him,  more  than  all  others  put  together,  I  may  say  its 
success — if,  gentlemen,  it  be  one  [cries  of  ' '  Yes !"  "Yes ! ' '] — is  to  be  attributed.  He 
has  stayed  there  in  that  office,  week  after  week  and  month  after  month,  fighting  for 
your  cause  and  that  of  this  encampment  as  a  general  fights  battles.  The  rest  of  us 
have  but  executed  his  orders,  and  if  there  is  one  comrade  more  than  another  who  is 
entitled  to  tribiite  at  your  hands  it  is  comrade  Backus.  We  did  not  come  here  pre 
pared  with  any  printed  tickets  for  him ;  but  we  should  appreciate  your  autograph, 
and  it  is  one  of  the  few  occasions  when  I  will  take  the  liberty,  professionally,  of 
asking  you  to  write  another  man's  name  in  your  own  hand.  [Laughter  and  applause.] 

Tobin,  of  Massachusetts — I  am  requested  by  the  delegation  from  the  department 
of  Massachusetts,  as  a  token  of  our  appreciation  of  the  conduct  and  treatment  that 
we  have  received  at  the  hands  of  the  people  of  California,  to  rise  in  this  place  and 
give  expression  to  our  good  feeling  by  moving  that  the  adjutant-general  of  the 
encampment  cast  the  ballot  for  the  comrade  placed  in  nomination  by  California  for 
the  position  of  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

The  delegation  from  Indiana  seconded  the  motion,  as  did  the  delegations  from 
Ohio,  Illinois,  New  York,  Michigan,  and  Kansas. 

Gobin,  of  Pennsylvania — One  of  the  unwritten  rules  of  the.  encampment  has 
been  to  confer  upon  the  department  in  which  we  meet  the  honor  of  selecting  their 
Senior  Vice-Cominander-in-Chief.  The  department  of  California  has  given  expression 
to  its  choice  in  this  regard,  and  in  behalf  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  I  desire  to 
second  the  nomination  made  by  the  State  of  California.  [Applause.]  We  came  here 
as  strangers ;  but  the  record  given  to  comrade  Backus  by  the  comrade  of  his  own 
department,  who  placed  him  in  nomination,  has  endeared  him  to  the  heart  of  this 
encampment,  and  I  hope  that  the  suggestion  made  by  our  comrade  from  Massachu 
setts  will  be  accepted,  and  that  we  give  him  the  unanimous  vote  of  this  convention 
for  that  office.  [Applause.] 

Conger,  of  Ohio — On  behalf  of  the  united  delegation  from  Ohio,  I  rise  to  second 
the  nomination  of  comrade  Backus.  Ohio  gives  him  her  thirty-eight  votes.  Every 
member  of  our  delegation  and  every  member  of  this  encampment  has  had  time  to  see 
the  work  that  comrade  Backus  has  done,  and  if  we  can  in  any  way  reciprocate  this 
magnificent  reception,  I  hope  that  every  member  will  join  in  the  expression,  and 
make  the  election  unanimous. 

Hedges,  of  New  York — We  of  New  York  came  here  with  the  earnest  desire  to 
put  one  of  California's  sons — Major  Warfield — into  that  position;  but  our  department 
having  selected  comrade  Backus,  the  department  now  takes  great  pleasure  in  adding 
our  unanimous  voice  in  support  of  comrade  Backus.  [Applause.] 

The  adjutant-general  cast  the  vote  of  the  encampment  for  comrade  S.  W.  Backus, 
arid  he  was  declared  unanimously  elected  Senior  Vice- Commander-in- Chief. 

On  being  called  for,  comrade  Backus  said  : 

The  hour  is  late,  and  I  will  not  take  up  your  time,  but  simply  to  say  that  I 
thank  you,  from  the  bottom  of  my  heart,  for  the  honor  conferred  upon  me. 
[Applause.] 

Nominations  for  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief  being  next  called  for,  com 
mander  Sayles,  of  New  York,  said : 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  147 

While  the  New  York  delegation  has  been  divided  upon  the  question  of  Com- 
mander-in-Chief,  I  am  informed  that  it  is  a  unit  upon  the  question  of  Junior  Vice- 
Commander.  We  have  a  comrade  living  in  Brooklyn,  who  conceived  the  idea  of 
making  a  beautiful  banner  and  album,  and  presenting  it  to  the  State  of  California. 
At  his  request  and  at  the  request,  as  stated  to  me,  of  the  New  York  delegation,  we 
present  him  to  you  as  a  candidate  for  Junior  Vice-Commander — Comrade  Dube}',  of 
Brooklyn,  New  York. 

Merrill,  of  Massachusetts — Our  boy  ideas  of  geography  have  been  materially 
changed  and  enlarged  in  these  last  twenty-five  years,  and  we  of  the  far-off  East,  who 
learned  in  our  boyish  days  to  consider  Ohio,  Indiana,  and  Illinois  among  the 
Western  States,  have  learned  that,  with  the  growth  and  expansion  of  our  country, 
the}-,  if  not  in  the  center,  are  east  of  the  center,  and  belong  to  us.  Away  upon  the 
shores  of  the  Missouri  River  is  a  great  commonwealth,  which,  it  seems  to  me,  in 
every  respect,  is  the  best  Grand  Army  State  there  is  in  all  the  Union.  I  traveled 
through  it  as  Commander-in-Chief.  I  found  its  governor,  lieutenant-governor,  secre 
tary  of  state,  state  treasurer,  chief-justice  of  the  supreme  court,  and  an  absolute 
majority  of  both  houses  of  the  Legislature  were  members  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic.  [Applause.]  I  want  to  place  in  nomination  for  the  position  of  Junior 
Vice-Commander  our  comrade,  Samuel  B.  Jones,  of  the  State  of  Nebraska.  Some  of 
you  know  that  comrade  Jones  has  spent  the  most  of  his  time  for  the  last  six  months 
in  endeavoring  to  so  reduce  the  rates  of  transportation  across  the  mountains  to  this 
encampment,  that  this  vast  multitude  of  Grand  Army  men  could  come  here  to  the 
Pacific  slope.  He  is  constant  in  season  and  out  of  season  in  laboring  for  his  com 
rades  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  I  trust  that  the  encampment  will  give 
their  votes  to  him  for  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief.  [Applause.] 

Reddy,  of  New  York — On  behalf  of  a  very  large  proportion  of  the  delegation 
from  New  York,  I  desire  to  second  the  nomination  of  Samuel  B.  Jones,  of  Nebraska, 
for  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 

Sayles,  of  New  York — I  beg  to  withdraw  the  nomination  of  comrade  Dubey, 
there  being  an  objection  made  by  a  comrade  from  Brooklyn. 

Cole,  of  New  Jersey — We  have  selected  St.  Louis  for  the  place  of  meeting  next 
year ;  we  have  selected  a  Commander-in-Chief  from  Wisconsin  ;  you  have  taken  your 
Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief  from  the  State  of  California ;  we  believe  that  the 
great  East,  the  great  royal  East,  whose  ocean  throbs  in  response  to  the  waves  that 
flow  o'er  the  Pacific,  should  have  a  show.  [Applause  and  laughter.]  I  want  to  pre 
sent  to  you  the  name  of  a  comrade  from  the  State  of  New  Jersey  for  the  position  of 
Junior  Vice-Commander  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  There  has  never  been, 
since  the  Grand  Army  was  organized,  a  single  one  of  the  higher  officers  selected 
from  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  and  it  is  time  we  had  a  show.  I  desire  to  present  to 
this  encampment  the  name  of  a  man  who  has  been  for  fourteen  years  a  member  of 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  I  present  to  you  the  name  of  Joseph  R.  Van 
Syckle,  of  Jersey  City.  He  is  a  white  man  all  through.  [Applause.] 

Grosvenor,  of  the  Potomac — On  behalf  of  our  loyal  brothers  of  the  South  I 
desire  to  present  the  name  of  a  comrade  for  the  high  office  of  Junior  Vice-Commander- 
in-Chief,  one  who  ran  away  from  his  home  in  a  foreign  country,  crossed  the  Atlantic 
ocean,  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier,  and  from  Gettysburg  to  Appomattox  he  was  in  the 
very  front  of  the  strife  during  that  whole  time  with  the  exception  of  when  he  was 
prostrated  in  the  valley  of  Virginia  by  rebel  bullets.  He  was  one  of  that  noble  band 
who  captured  the  capital  of  the  Confederacy,  and  upon  capturing  the  capital  he  made 


148  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

it  his  home,  he  captured  his  wife  there  and  has  held  a  captive  ever  since.  I  have 
reference  to  comrade  Edgar  Allen,  of  Richmond,  Virginia,  a  comrade  who  has  stood 
loyal  to  the  flag  ;  who  has  been  true  to  the  colors  that  he  fought  under,  and  has  been 
true  to  the  principles  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  from  the  time  of  its  first 
organization  ;  who  is  the  past  post  commander  of  the  only  post  of  the  Grand  Army  of 
the  Republic  in  the  Confederate  capital  to-day ;  a  comrade  who,  if  you  shall  elect 
him  to  the  high  office  of  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief  will  do  honor  to  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic.  If  you  shall  make  him  your  choice  the  loyal  men  of  Vir 
ginia  and  the  loyal  men  of  the  South  will  applaud  your  acts,  and  were  such  a  thing 
possible  the  105,000  loyal  dead  who  sleep  in  the  graves  around  Richmond  would  rise 
up  and  applaud  the  noble  work  of  comrade  Allen  in  keeping  their  memories  green 
and  fresh  on  every  Memorial  Day  since  the  appointment  of  that  day.  He  will  speak 
for  himself  on  the  floor  of  this  encampment.  [Applause.] 

Feighan,  of  Kansas — I  second  the  nomination  of  the  comrade.  He  has  lived 
south  of  Mason  and  Dixon's  line  for  ten  years.  I  want  to  say  that  I  know  that  some 
of  the  best  men  in  the  Grand  Army  live  in  the  South  ;  they  are  crying  for  help 
to-day  ;  and  if  the  election  of  a  loyal  Southerner  will  stimulate  one  drop  of  loyal 
blood  in  the  heart  of  the  defunct  Confederacy  I  say  for  God's  sake  do  it.  I  am 
therefore  heartily  in  favor  of  the  election  of  comrade  Allen,  of  Virginia.  [Applause.] 

McKinley,  of  Ohio — I  rise  at  the  request  from  the  delegation  of  Ohio  to  present 
the  name  of  a  private  soldier  for  the  place  of  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief.  We 
have  already  honored  a  distinguished  general  by  electing  him  to  the  highest  position 
in  our  encampment ;  we  have  justly  and  very  properly  chosen  another  officer  second 
in  rank  in  the  encampment,  and  it  occurs  to  me  that  this  encampment  can  do  no 
better  thing  than  to  recognize  in  the  third  place  the  rank  and  file  in  the  Union  army. 
[Applause.]  The  comrade  whose  name  I  present  enlisted  when  he  was  under  fifteen 
years  of  age.  He  was  the  second  soldier  in  eastern  Ohio  to  enlist  in  the  war  for  the 
suppression  of  the  Rebellion,  and  he  served  four  years  and  a  half  with  great  gallantry 
on  all  of  the  fields  upon  which  General  Sherman  was  commander-in -chief.  I  hold  in 
my  hand  a  letter  written  in  1864  by  General  McCook,  who  was  his  first  commander, 
addressed  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  recommending  this  brave  young  soldier  for  an 
appointment  at  West  Point.  This  letter  never  reached  the  Secretary  of  War,  for  it 
was  captured  by  the  rebels,  but  by  a  strange  circumstance  it  came  into  possession  of 
the  private  soldier  in  the  last  ten  months.  This  letter,  written  during  the  war,  written 
when  this  soldier  was  on  duty,  under  the  eyes  of  his  commander,  tells  you  better  his 
history  than  any  words  of  mine : 

HEADQUARTERS  SECOND  REGIMENT,  O.  V.  I., 
CHATTANOOGA,  January  20,  1864. 

E.  M.  Stanton,  Secretary  of  War:  I  have  the  honor  to  make  application  for 
appointment  to  the  United  States  military  academy  of  private  William  Surls,  of 
company  G,  of  my  regiment,  and  to  call  attention  to  the  favorable  indorsement  of 
Brigadier-General  Carlin,  commanding  the  brigade.  Private  Surls  has  served  faith 
fully  with  his  regiment  since  its  organization,  and  has  at  all  times  and  under  all 
circumstances  acquitted  himself  most  creditably.  He  has  been  in  the  actions  of 
Perry ville,  Murfreesboro,  Hoover's  Creek,  Chickamauga,  Lookout  Mountain,  and 
Mission  Ridge,  distinguishing  himself  at  the  latter  place  by  his  great  coolness  and 
courage.  He  is  but  eighteen  years  of  age,  healthy,  vigorous,  intelligent,  and  gentle 
manly,  and  just  the  kind  of  boy,  with  the  proper  military  education,  to  make  an 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  149 

accomplished  professional  soldier.  I  make  the  application  because  I  know  his  worth, 
and  because  I  feel  that  he  is  much  better  qualified  in  every  particular  than  a  boy 
taken  from  civil  life.  Should  it  be  made,  I  feel  confident  that  he  will  never  disgrace 
the  position. 

This  is  indorsed  favorably  from  personal  knowledge  by  Brigadier-General  William 
P.  Carlin,  who  said:  "From  personal  knowledge  of  the  merits  of  this  young  man,  I 
cordially  commend  his  appointment. ' '  Then  a  recommendation  from  General  John 
M.  Palmer,  of  Illinois.  And  last,  and  better  than  all  else,  over  the  signature  of  old 
Pap  Thomas,  is  his  indorsement,  written  in  his  own  handwriting  and  on  the  paper  I 
hold  in  my  hand,  "I  cordially  and  earnestly  recommend  the  appointment  of  this 
brave  young  soldier. " 

Now,  I  ask  you,  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  to  give  this 
recognition  to  an  untitled,  brave  man  of  our  army,  the  brave  volunteer  private 
soldiery  who  stood  behind  the  strategic  commander  whose  individual  earnestness  and 
intelligence,  guided  by  his  genius,  gained  the  unperishable  victories  of  the  war.  I 
ask  you  to  do  this  not  for  Ohio ;  I  ask  you  to  do  this  not  for  the  comrades  of  that 
State  in  this  encampment  assembled ;  but  I  ask  you  to  do  it  in  the  name  of  the 
private  soldiers  of  the  army  of  the  Union.  [Applause.] 

Goff,  of  Virginia — I  second  the  nomination  of  Edgar  Allen,  who  was  a  private  in 
the  Michigan  cavalry,  and  has  been  a  member  of  a  post  in  Virginia  since  1867. 
[Applause.] 

Campbell,  of  Kansas — In  bahalf  of  the  delegation  from  the  State  of  Kansas,  I 
desire  to  second  the  nomination  of  that  gallant  private  soldier,  comrade  Allen,  of 
Virginia,  a  man  who  is  to-day  holding  the  outposts  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  in  the  capital  city  of  the  Confederacy,  and  to  do  a  thing  of  that  kind  is  to 
try  a  man's  soul.  L,et  us  put  some  of  these  national  officers  where  they  can  do  some 
good  in  bringing  back  the  days  when  we  loved  the  good  old  Union  in  the  South.  I 
second  the  nomination  of  comrade  Allen,  after  all.  [Applause.] 

King,  of  Delaware — The  department  of  Delaware  have  a  comrade  who  whilst  in 
the  position  of  department  commander  of  Delaware  was  active  in  the  Grand  Army. 
He  is  well  known  to  you  in  the  encampment  and  if  elected  to  the  position  of  Junior 
Vice-Commander-in-Chief  he  will  fill  the  position  in  a  creditable  manner.  The  dele 
gation  from  the  department  of  Delaware  unite  in  presenting  the  name  of  W.  S.  McNair 
as  their  candidate  for  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief.  [Applause.] 

McNair,  of  Delaware — I  had  no  idea  that  the  delegation  intended  to  put  in  my 
name  for  this  position.  I  am  not  a  candidate  ;  I  have  never  turned  over  my  hand  to 
get  any  office,  and  I  do  not  intend  to  do  it  now,  and  I  desire  to  withdraw  my  name. 

A  vote  was  taken  which  resulted  as  follows :  Surls,  95  ;  Jones,  54 ;  Dubey,  5  ; 
Van  Syckle,  5  ;  Allen,  163. 

Comrade  Allen  was  declared  elected  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  and  on 
motion  his  election  was  made  unanimous. 

The  committee  on  rules  and  regulations  reported  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted : 

Resolved,  That  this  encampment  approve  the  choice  of  the  corps  mark  adopted 
by  the  representatives  of  the  Thirteenth  Army  Corps,  and  that  the  Commander-in- 
Chief  be  requested  to  publish  the  same  in  general  orders. 

The  committee  on  resolutions  reported  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted 
unanimously  by  a  rising  vote  : 


150  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Resolved,  That  this  encampment  tender  to  the  comrades  of  the  department  of 
California,  the  citizens  of  the  State  at  large,  and  of  the  city  of  San  Francisco,  who 
have  tendered  to  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  such  a  generous,  open-handed  wel 
come,  their  sincere  and  heartfelt  thanks  ;  their  action  toward  the  veterans  of  the  war 
has  proven  to  us  that  loyalty  has  an  abiding-place  in  the  Pacific  slope,  where  is  found 
not  only  the  Golden  Gate  to  this  continent,  but  a  golden  pathway  to  a  stronger  frater 
nity,  a  purer  charity,  and  a  grander  loyalty  in  the  heart  of  every  lover  of  his  country 
and  comrade  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 

Campbell,  of  Kansas — I  wish  to  offer  a  resolution  to  restore  as  past  commanders 
five  comrades  of  the  State  of  Kansas.  After  having  served  in  that  position,  the 
department  lapsed  ;  but  it  was  afterwards  reorganized  in  1880,  and  by  proper  action 
of  the  posts  and  department  of  Kansas — the  posts  to  which  these  comrades  belonged 
and  the  department  of  Kansas — they  were  restored  to  the  rank  of  past  department 
commanders.  The  action  of  that  department  was  properly  certified  to  the  adjutant- 
general,  but  it  seems  that  the  papers  had  been  lost  in  transmission.  These  comrades 
ought  to  be  restored,  and  I  therefore  offer  the  resolution  that  they  now  be  restored  to 
the  rank  of  past  department  commanders. 

Merrill,  of  Massachusetts — I  understand  this  can  only  come  in  by  unanimous 
consent,  and  I  object  to  it,  for  the  reason  that  so  important  a  matter  as  the  restoration 
of  five  men  to  rank  ought  not  to  have  been  delayed,  after  three  days '  business  of  this 
encampment,  until  its  closing  moment,  when  it  could  not  be  referred  to  a  committee 
for  investigation. 

Campbell,  of  Kansas — There  are  a  dozen  men  on  the  floor  who  can  certify  to  this 
action.  It  has  gone  through  our  department  and  our  post.  There  is  nothing  wrong 
about  it,  and  it  ought  to  be  passed  in  this  assembly.  For  two  days  we  have  sought 
and  fought  to  get  this  matter  up,  and  could  not  find  the  papers. 

Clarke,  of  Ohio — I  move  that  this  resolution  be  referred  to  a  special  committee,  to 
report  at  the  next  national  encampment. 

Tanner,  of  New  York — I  desire  to  say  that  I  am  one  of  those  whom  the  comrade 
from  Kansas  consulted  about  this  matter,  and  knowing,  as  I  did,  that  it  had  gone 
through  the  proper  channels  of  the  department  of  Kansas,  and  had  met  with  the 
approval  of  the  department,  I  advised  that  it  might  be  left  until  other  matters, 
which  would  engross  all  your  attention,  were  disposed  of,  for  the  reason  that  time 
and  again  we  had  done  the  same  thing  regarding  one  department  commander  here 
and  there.  It  so  happens  that  the  only  difference  is,  that  here  there  are  five  of  them 
coming  up  in  a  bunch.  I  hope  comrade  Merrill  will  withdraw  his  objection,  and  we 
will  do  for  Kansas  just  what  we  have  done  for  others. 

Merrill,  of  Massachusetts — I  have  no  objection  to  doing  for  Kansas  just  what  we 
will  do  for  everybody  else.  There  is  no  department  I  would  more  gladly  work  for 
than  Kansas ;  but  we  are  circumscribed  by  the  rule,  that  before  action  can  be  taken 
certain  papers  must  go  to  the  adjutant-general,  and  they  must  be  certified  to  by  him. 
Now,  if  these  papers  have  been  lost  in  transmission,  it  is  the  misfortune  of  Kansas. 
We  ought  not  to  break  down  a  rule,  and  act  upon  mere  hearsay,  when  we  are  putting 
down  in  the  record  how  these  things  are  done. 

Campbell,  of  Kansas — The  assistant  adjutant-general  of  Kansas  made  the  certfi- 
cate,  under  the  rule,  and  sent  it  forward ;  but  it  has  simply  not  been  received  by  the 
adjutant-general ;  it  has  been  lost  in  transit;  and  we  simply  lose  our  rights  unless  we 
get  consent  to  pass  this  resolution. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  151 

Merrill,  of  Massachusetts — If  I  am  the  only  member  of  this  encampment  who 
objects  to  this  procedure,  I  certainly  will  not  stand  in  the  way  of  the  will  of  the 
encampment.  If  my  objection  is  the  only  one  to  be  made,  I  withdraw  it. 

Unanimous  consent  was  asked  to  introduce  the  resolution,  and  it  was  voted  ;  but 
McNair,  of  Delaware,  raised  the  point  of  order  that  the  comrades  could  not  be  rein 
stated  unless  the  documents  were  produced. 

Grosvenor,  of  Potomac — Nobody  is  making  any  doubt  about  what  was  done  in 
Kansas.  We  have  had  experience  in  this  matter.  In  Denver  we  had  an  attempt  to 
resurrect  some  defunct  encampments  by  ex-parte  action,  and  we  formulated  this  rule, 
that  unless  the  proof  can  be  brought  in  the  men  shall  not  be  reinstated.  Why  not 
accept  comrade  Clarke's  motion,  and  thereby  protect  ourselves  against  a  whole  lot  of 
resurrections  that  will  be  thrust  upon  us  ?  The  motion  of  Clarke,  of  Ohio,  was  put 
and  carried,  and  the  matter  was  referred  to  the  committee  to  report  on  the  first  day  of 
the  next  national  encampment. 

Sayles,  of  New  York,  obtained  unanimous  consent  to  introduce  the  following 
resolution,  which  was  adopted  by  acclamation : 

Resolved,  That  the  purchase  of  badges  or  other  supplies  by  any  post  or  post 
officers  from  any  other  person  or  source  than  through  regular  channels  from  depart 
ment  or  national  headquarters  shall  be  a  proper  cause  for  the  suspension  of  said 
post  and  for  revoking  the  charter. 

Resolved,  That  the  Commander-in-Chief-elect  is  hereby  requested  to  direct 
charges  to  be  preferred  and  prosecuted  to  trial  against  any  G.  A.  R.  member  who 
manufactures  or  sells  official  membership  badges  without  the  consent  of  the  national 
council  of  administration,  and  that  the  Commander-in-Chief  be  directed  to  issue  an 
order  embodying  these  resolutions. 

The  next  thing  in  order  being  nominations  for  surgeon-general 

Sampson,  of  Colorado,  said:  I  do  not  desire  to  detain  you  more  than  three  min 
utes  in  presenting  to  you  the  name  of  a  comrade  whom  Colorado  unitedly  presents 
for  this  position.  I  do  not  present  a  man  who  has  a  record  as  a  surgeon  during  the 
war,  for  the  reason  that  he  was  too  young  at  that  time  ;  but  I  do  present  one  who 
presents  a  record  as  a  soldier,  enlisting  in  1862  in  the  io8th  New  York;  was  soon 
after  made  lieutenant  in  his  regiment,  and  in  December,  1862,  whenyetunder  twenty 
years  of  age,  was  made  captain  of  his  company  for  brave  and  meritorions  services 
rendered  his  country  at  Fredericksburg.  This  young  officer  took  part  in  the  battles 
of  Gettysburg,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Morton's  Ford,  and  Bristol  Station, 
and  at  Morton's  Ford  commanding  a  battalion,  his  superior  officers  having  been 
killed — so  that  Ijpresent  to  you  a  man  who  has  a  record  as  a  fighting  man  and  not  as 
a  surgeon  in  the  army.  After  the  war  was  over  he  studied  medicine ;  he  commenced 
the  practice  in  St.  I/ouis,  and  afterwards  removed  to  Denver,  and  he  there  enjoys  an 
enviable  reputation  as  a  physician,  one  of  the  most  prominent  in  our  city  and  State  ; 
the  proof  of  this  is  shown  in  the  fact  that  for  two  successive  terms  he  was  elected 
county  physician  of  Arapahoe  County,  in  which  Denver  with  her  80,000  population  is 
situated,  and  his  record  there  is  number  one ;  so  not  only  as  a  fighting  man,  and  a 
physician  enjoying  a  lucrative  practice,  is  he  number  one,  but  as  a  Grand  Army  man 
we  want  to  say  that  he  stands  par  excellence.  For  three  successive  terms  he  has 
been  our  medical  director  in  the  department  of  Colorado,  and  by  the  interest  that  he 
has  taken  in  the  work  and  by  the  suggestions  that  he  has  made  he  has  shown  himself 


152  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

to  be  a  general  in  the  medical  department.  What  need  I  say  more  ?  As  a  citizen,  as 
a  soldier,  as  a  Grand  Army  man  he  stands  up  to  the  best.  We  think  that  you  will 
give  him  your  support  as  you  undoubtedly  would  have  done  at  Portland  last  year  had 
it  not  been  for  matters  which  it  is  needless  now  to  recall.  His  name  is  Ambrose 
Everett.  [Applause.] 

Hawkin,  of  Oregon — I  place  before  you  for  the  office  of  surgeon -general  a  man 
born  in  the  South,  raised  in  the  South,  a  man  who  had  to  run  away  and  beat  his  way 
for  two  weeks  through  guerrilla  bands  to  reach  the  Union  lines  where  he  might  enlist 
under  the  Union  flag.  He  enlisted  in  1861,  and  served  through  the  whole  war.  He 
is  an  honored  member  of  the  medical  fraternity,  and  in  behalf  of  the  department  of 
Oregon,  I  nominate  comrade  O.  M.  Dodson,  for  the  office  of  surgeon-general. 
[Applause.] 

Billings,  of  Massachusetts — I  am  informed  that  comrade  Everett  who  has  been 
put  in  nomination  has  been  serving  out  the  unexpired  term  of  a  comrade,  or  one  sup 
posed  to  be  a  comrade,  elected  at  Portland  last  year  ;  and  I  believe  in  justice  to  com 
rade  Everett  the  election  to  the  position  of  surgeon-general  for  the  coming  3'ear  is  his 
due,  and  therefore  I  take  great  pleasure,  representing  a  large  number  if  not  all  of 
the  comrades  from  Massachusetts,  in  seconding  the  nomination  of  Everett,  of  Denver. 
[Applause.] 

Faunce,  of  Potomac,  seconded  the  nomination  of  Everett. 

Shaw,  of  West  Virginia — I  rise  to  put  in  nomination  a  man  from  West  Virginia. 
You  have  crossed  the  line  of  Mason  and  Dixon  with  one  small  office.  I  rise  to  put 
in  nomination  as  surgeon-general  of  this  order  Dr.  Isaac  Scott,  of  the  seventh  infan 
try.  We  do  ask  a  little  something  of  you  in  the  south  of  Mason  and  Dixon 's  line. 
We  have  asked  you  for  a  number  of  years  to  come  down  and  see  us  south  of  that 
line,  and  you  have  given  us  nothing  down  there  but  one  small  office.  There  is  a  man 
hereto-night  who  served  in  the  Second  Corps  with  him  and  knows  him.  I  hope  it  will 
be  the  pleasure  of  this  convention  to  elect  Dr.  Isaac  Scott.  [Applause.] 

Higby,  of  Ohio — I  rise  to  second  the  nomination  of  the  candidate  from  the  State 
of  Oregon.  We  have  not  given  very  much  to  those  grand  comrades  on  the  other  side 
of  Mason  and  Dixon 's  line.  I  personalty  know  that  the  comrade  who  is  recommended 
by  the  State  of  Oregon  comes  from  that  class  of  people  who  sacrificed  everything  in 
the  days  when  it  tried  men's  souls  to  be  loyal  to  the  Union  itself.  I  know  that  he 
ran  away  from  his  own  family  and  friends  and  the  dictates  of  the  Governor  of  his 
State,  to  join  a  Union  regiment  in  the  State  of  Kentucky.  I  know  that  he  has  per 
fected  himself  in  loyalty ;  that  he  now  comes  from  a  State  whose  mountains  cleave 
the  sky,  and  whose  loyalty  is  as  pure  as  the  everlasting  snow  that  caps  their  sum 
mits.  I  know  that  this  comrade,  coming  as  he  does  from  Tennessee,  coming  as  he 
does  from  Oregon,  a  State  whose  valleys  are  as  green  as  those  of  sunny  Italy,  and 
whose  skies  are  as  pure  as  those  that  ever  shone  above  any  State  in  this  Union, 
deserves  this  nomination.  In  behalf  of  Ohio,  who  never  asks  much  [laughter]  and 
who  seldom  gets  anything,  I  ask  at  your  hands  the  nomination  of  the  surgeon - 
general  of  the  State  of  Oregon.  [Applause.] 

The  ballot  resulted  Everett  140,  Dodson  21,  and  the  former  was  declared  elected. 

Nominations  for  chaplain-in-chief  being  called  for,  Caukins,  of  Oregon,  said  : 

I  present  the  name  of  a  comrade  born  in  the  State  of  New  York  ;  in  the  midst  of 
his  collegiate  course  he  heard  the  guns  firing  against  Sumter ;  he  abandoned  his 
studies,  enlisted  in  Harris'  light  cavalry,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  in  Shenandoah 
Valley.  He  was  afterwards  attached  with  his  command  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  ; 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  153 

was  three  times  wounded  in  the  field  ;  and  was  at  last  captured  in  one  of  those  grand 
raids  in  which  our  cavalry  went  into  the  rear  of  the  rebel  army  in  the  vicinity  of 
Richmond,  and  remained  in  captivity  until  the  Sunday  before  the  surrender  of  Lee  at 
Appomattox.  He  returned,  completed  his  seminary  course,  and  then  turning  aside 
from  all  the  soft  places  which  his  ability  commanded  in  the  East,  he  betook  himself 
to  the  frontier  of  America  in  the  far  west  Montana;  ever  since  that  time  until 
now  he  has  been  upon  the  frontier  ;  he  has  been  for  eight  years  the  Presbyterian 
bishop  of  that  vast  territory  embracing  Oregon,  Washington  Territory,  Alaska, 
Montana,  and  Idaho,  preaching  more  sermons  in  a  week  than  any  minister  in  the 
United  States,  having  the  respect  of  his  church  throughout.  I  have  the  honor  to 
present  to  you  as  a  candidate  for  this  position  the  Reverend  Doctor  Robert  W.  Hill, 
of  Oregon.  [Applause.] 

Foster,  of  Indiana — As  an  Indianaian  I  rise  to  place  in  nomination  a  former 
citizen  of  Indiana.  Born  in  the  State  of  Indiana,  he  resided  in  that  State  until  after 
the  close  of  the  war.  In  the  very  first  days  after  the  call  for  volunteers  he  volun 
teered  in  the  Thirty -seventh  Regiment  of  Indiana  Volunteers,  but  being  a  minister, 
he  was  appointed  chaplain,  and  served  three  years  and  four  months  as  chaplain  of  the 
Thirty-seventh  Indiana.  After  his  time  was  out  with  that  regiment  he  was  placed 
on  the  staff  and  retained  on  the  staff  of  the  great  war  governor,  O.  P.  Morton,  until 
the  close  of  the  war,  and  there  never  was  a  man  residing  in  Indiana  who  rendered 
more  efficient  service  and  aid  to  Governor  Morton  than  the  comrade  whose  name  I 
shall  mention.  After  the  close  of  the  war  he  removed  to  the  State  of  Iowa.  He  is 
now  a  resident  of  that  State.  I  want  to  say  that  Indiana  has  not  presented  the  name 
of  anybody  up  to  this  time  for  any  office  in  this  national  encampment ;  but  as  he  was 
an  Indianaian,  and  as  we  know  him,  and  as  we  knew  the  efficient  service  he  rendered 
during  the  entire  war,  we  present  his  name  before  you.  I  want  to  say  that  he  can 
ontpreach,  outpray,  and  outsing  any  man  in  the  nation.  I  allude  to  Reverend  John 
Hogarth  L,ozier,  who  is  not  only  a  minister,  but  an  author,  a  soldier,  and  a  poet ;  and 
I  undertake  to  say  that  this  encampment  cannot  elect  a  man  more  deserving,  or  who 
will  fill  the  position  with  greater  distinction.  *  I  nominate  comrade  Lozier,  of  Post 
22,  Sioux  City,  Iowa.  [Applause.] 

Campbell,  of  Kansas — It  is  well  known  that  the  innate  modesty  of  the  people  of 
Kansas  has  prevented  us  from  presenting  the  name  of  anybody  for  any  office  in  th;s 
encampment ;  we  stand  entirely  clear  of  any  meanness  of  that  kind  ;  but  I  want  to 
present  the  name  of  a  man  here  for  your  suffrages  for  the  office  of  chaplain  for  this 
encampment  who,  when  we  were  entertaining  some  guests  that  came  through  Topeka, 
appeared  in  our  big  tent,  and  when  he  got  up  and  made  a  short  speech  there  I  said, 
' '  There  is  a  man  who  has  got  the  right  kind  of  metal  in  him ;  he  does  not  have  to 
have  any  certificate  that  he  is  a  member  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  ;  to  look 
at  him  is  enough."  He  is  a  Methodist  preacher,  and  that's  another  good  thing.  He 
entered  the  army  from  the  State  of  Ohio  when  he  was  seventeen  years  of  age  ;  he 
fought  for  two  years,  enduring  the  hardships  of  the  camp,  and  was  in  the  front  of  the 
fight  when  he  was  struck  down  and  wounded,  as  they  thought  mortally,  although  he 
partially  recovered,  and  after  two  years'  service  he  was  discharged  from  the  service  of 
the  United  States  on  account  of  wounds.  He  went  from  the  State  of  Ohio  into  the 
State  of  Tennessee,  and  at  Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  he  preaches  the  gospel  of  grace 
and  Methodism  to  the  poor  of  that  city.  I  want  to  say  to  you  that  Tennessee  came 
here  and  asked  you  to  cross  the  border  and  go  down  into  the  South  for  the  purpose  of 
inspiring  them  with  a  little  loyalty  ;  }-ou  saw  fit  not  to  do  it,  and  now  I  want  you  to 


154  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

take  a  chaplain  from  Tennessee  who  can  pray  for  the  people  down  there  as  well  as 
for  the  people  up  here.  I  place  in  nomination  Reverend  Thomas  C.  Warner,  of  Ten 
nessee,  for  chaplain-in-chief.  [Applause.] 

Rassieur,  of  Missouri — As  one  of  the  delegation  from  Missouri,  we  can  not  do 
justice  to  the  department  made  up  of  Tennessee  and  Georgia  without  seconding  the 
nomination  of  Thomas  C.  Warner  for  the  position  of  chaplain-in-chief.  They  have 
labored  so  earnestly  to  tender  us  a  place  to  meet  him  for  three  years  past,  and  that 
they  ought  not  to  be  sent  home  empty-handed  and  without  honor  from  this  encamp 
ment  ;  and  I  hope  that  we  will  at  least  do  them  that  much  honor  to  select  such  a 
capable  man  as  comrade  Warner  for  the  position  of  chaplain.  [Applause.] 

Grosvenor,  of  Potomac — I  have  not  seconded  the  nomination  of  anybody  for 
Commander-in-Chief,  or  for  any  of  the  other  officers,  until  I  got  down  to  one,  that 
of  chaplain ;  that  I  understand  something  about.  I  did  not  know  anything  about 
the  qualification  of  these  other  men ;  I  do  know  what  it  takes  to  make  a  first-class 
chaplain.  I  have  nothing  to  say  against  comrade  Warner ;  he  was  chaplain  of  the 
Ohio  encampment,  and  was  a  most  satisfactory  one ;  he  lives  in  a  Union  county  and 
a  Union  city,  and  it  may  be  well  enough  to  elect  such  a  man  to  go  to  an  encampment  in 
a  State  that  does  not  allow  a  Union  general  to  vote  at  elections — St.  Louis  ;  but  I 
desire  to  assure  you  that  chaplain  Lozier  has  another  good  quality  ;  he  not  only  can 
pray,  but  on  necessary  occasions  he  can  use  language  that  would  not  fit  into  a  prayer 
without  dovetailing.  [Laughter.]  He  can  preach,  and  he  can  outsing  any  man  in 
the  country,  and  he  can  fight  within  my  own  personal  knowledge  and  observation. 
I  would  like  to  see  that  sort  of  a  man  head  the  column  of  the  Grand  Army  when  we 
attack  the  stronghold  of  the  strongest  rebel  city  outside  of  the  seceding  States  of  this 
Union.  [Applause.] 

Adams,  of  Massachusetts — I  was  instructed  by  the  delegation  from  Massachu 
setts  to  present  the  name  of  a  comrade  from  our  department.  We  have  lots  of  men 
who  will  make  good  chaplains  in  our  delegation ;  but  I  have  seen  the  work  of  the 
chaplain  from  Chattanooga  in  the  convention  that  he  made  in  Kansas ;  he  has  con 
verted  a  man  there  whom  we  say  is  able  to  preach  the  Methodist  gospel  on  any  platform, 
and  if  he  can  do  such  good  work  in  Kansas,  he  can  in  any  department  where  he  may 
visit,  if  he  is  elected  chaplain.  Therefore,  in  behalf  of  Massachusetts,  I  second  the 
nomination  of  Warner,  and  waive  the  claims  of  Massachusetts  to  the  position  of 
chaplain-in-chief.  [Applause.] 

Clarke,  of  Ohio — In  behalf  of  the  delegation  from  Ohio,  I  desire  to  second  the 
nomination  of  Warner,  of  Chattanooga.  I  wish  to  say  in  behalf  of  comrade  Warner, 
that  a  few  years  ago  the  department  of  Ohio  contained  10,000  members  ;  it  contains 
now  32,000  ;  that  is  the  result  of  the  work  of  just  such  eloquent  men  as  Warner. 
He  went  all  over  that  State,  wherever  he  was  asked  for,  making  speeches  in  the 
interest  of  the  Grand  Army.  He  was  finally  rewarded  by  being  elected  chaplain  of 
the  department,  and  was  transferred  by  his  bishop,  or  whoever  is  the  authority,  to 
Chattanooga  before  he  served  out  his  time.  We  are  heartily  in  favor  of  comrade 
Warner.  [Applause.] 

Wood  worth,  of  Ohio — I  put  in  nomination  a  comrade  who  enlisted  in  the  State 
of  Ohio  when  he  was  a  mere  stripling  of  a  boy,  scarcely  seventeen  years  of  age.  He 
went  forward  in  the  forefront  of  the  battle,  and  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg  he 
was  stricken  down  with  a  rebel  bullet ;  he  was  thought  to  be  mortally  wounded,  but, 
thank  God!  he  lives,  and  has  become  an  earnest,  honest,  steadfast  minister  of  the 
gospel  of  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ.  I  have  had  the  pleasure  of  sitting  under  the  sound 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  155 

of  his  voice,  and,  I  must  say,  that  I  never  listened  to  a  more  earnest  discourse  in  all 
my  life.     I  take  pleasure  in  seconding  the  nomination  of  comrade  Warner. 

The  nominations  of  Hill  and  Lozier  were  withdrawn,  and,  by  acclamation,  T.  C. 
Warner  was  declared  the  unanimous  choice  of  the  encampment  for  chaplain. 

The  following  national  council  of  administration  was  elected,  after  which  the 
encampment  adjourned  sine  die  :  California,  Napoleon  P.  Chipman ;  Colorado,  Frank 
Hunter;  Connecticut,  William  E.  Simonds;  Dakota,  George  A.  Silby;  Delaware, 
George  W.  King ;  Florida,  E.  W.  Henck ;  Department  of  the  Gulf,  Henry  Shorten ; 
Illinois,  R.  F.  Wilson ;  Indiana,  Cortland  E.  Whitsit  ;  Iowa,  J.  B.  Morgan ;  Kansas, 
J.  W.  Feighan;  Kentucky,  D.  O.  Riley;  Maine,  A.  M.  Sawyer;  Massachusetts,  John 
L.  Otis;  Maryland,  George  B.  Creamer;  Michigan,  George  I,.  Devlin;  Minnesota, 
W.  W.  P.  McConnell ;  Missouri,  Eugene  F.  Wiegel ;  Montana,  W.  F.  Sanders ; 
Nebraska,  James  O.  West;  New  Hampshire,  James  Minot;  New  Jersey,  Bishop  W. 
Mains ;  New  Mexico,  Thomas  W.  Collier;  New  York,  Henry  E.  Turner;  Ohio,  D.  R. 
Austin ;  Oregon,  Charles  I,.  Fay ;  Pennsylvania,  Samuel  Harper ;  Department  of  the 
Potomac,  S.  C.  Faunce;  Rhode  Island,  George  O.  Reddy;  Tennessee  and  Georgia, 
Edward  S.  Jones ;  Texas,  A.  Belknap  ;  Utah,  W.  H.  Nye ;  Virginia,  Peter  Morton ; 
Washington  Territory,  Frank  G.  Fray;  West  Virginia,  S.  F.  Shore;  Wisconsin,  J. 
L.  Wheat.  The  departments  of  Arkansas  and  Vermont  are  vacant. 

Adams,  of  Massachusetts,  moved  that  a  vote  of  thanks  be  tendered  to  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  Burdett  for  the  able  and  impartial  manner  in  which  he  has  presided 
over  this  encampment. 

The  motion  was  carried  unanimously,  and  on  motion  of  Beath,  of  Pennsylvania, 
a  similar  vote  of  thanks  was  tendered  to  the  Senior  and  Junior  Vice-Commanders- 

in-Chief. 

• 

The  newly  elected  officers  were  then  installed,  after  which  Commander-in-Chief 
Fairchild,  being  called  to  the  platform,  said  : 

I  will  say  but  one  word  ;  I  want  again  to  express  my  hearty  thanks  for,  and  high 
appreciation  of,  the  honor  which  you  have  conferred  upon  me.  I  deem  it  an  honor  to 
have  been  placed  in  competition  with  the  distinguished  Grand  Army  men  whom  you 
have  voted  for  to-night — my  old  friends  Rea,  Tanner,  Reynolds,  and  Burst,  all  good 
and  true  men  ;  and  I  esteem  it  an  especial  honor  that  I  have  been  chosen  in  prefer 
ence  to  any  of  them.  [Applause.] 

There  being  no  further  business  before  it,  the  twentieth  national  encampment  of 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  adjourned  sine  die. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES 

OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

GRAND  ARMY  OF  THE  REPUBLIC. 


CHRISTOPHER   GRATTAN. 

Was  born  at  Scran  ton,  Pa.,  March  17,  1844,  and  during  life  has 
been  by  occupation  a  machinist,  engineer,  and  miner;  at  present  a  resi 
dent  of  Pleasanton,  Alameda  County,  Cal.  A  member  of  Lou  Morris  Post, 
No.  47,  G.  A.  R.,  with  headquarters  at  Livermore,  Alameda  County,  Cal. 
He  enlisted  September  15,  1862,  in  Company  I,  i3th  Pa.  Cavalry,  and  was 
a  sergeant  of  his  company.  The  regiment  being  attached  to  the  2d  Bri 
gade,  2d  Division,  C.  C.,  and  participated  in  forty-two  general  engage 
ments  and  skirmishes  from  Winchester  to  Raleigh,  N.  C.  The  first  of 
which  was  at  Fisher's  Hill,  where  they  were  defeated  with  a  loss 
of  200  men  out  of  300.  His  company  shared  the  victories  and  defeats 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  being  identified  with  it.  The  i3th 
was  a  fighting  regiment  known  as  the  "i3th  Bloody  Cavalry,"  com 
manded  by  Colonel  Kerwine,  in  General  Gregg's  Division.  Mr.  Grattan 
was  one  of  eight  of  the  original  company  who  remained  when  they  were 
mustered  out  of  service  at  Raleigh,  N.  C. ,  on  July  14,  1865. 

LYMAN    LEITH   NATTINGER. 

Was  born  in  Morgan  County,  Ohio,  December  7,  1845  5  went  from  a 
farm  at  sixteen  years  of  age  and  enlisted  in  Company  E,  io4th  Illinois  Vol 
unteers,  August  7,  1862 ;  his  first  engagement  was  under  the  command  of 
General  Rosecrans  at  Hartsville,  Tenn. ,  where  he  was  wounded  by  a  rifle- 
ball,  which  struck  him  on  the  right  side  of  the  neck  at  the  base  of  the 


158  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

skull;  was  taken  prisoner,  and  finally  confined  in  Libby  Prison  at  Rich 
mond,  Va.  Was  paroled  and  exchanged  February  18,  1863;  rejoined  his 
regiment,  which  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  i4th  Army 
Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Chickamauga, 
Lookout  Mountain,  Mission  Ridge,  Peach  Tree  Creek,  siege  of  Atlanta, 
Jonesborough,  and  all  the  other  actions  in  which  his  corps  participated; 
was  with  Sherman  in  the  march  to  the  sea,  thence  through  South  and  North 
Carolina;  was  present  at  the  surrender  of  Johnston,  thence  to  Richmond, 
Va.,  and  to  Washington,  and  in  the  grand  review  at  that  city.  He  was 
mustered  out  of  service,  by  reason  of  the  expiration  of  the  war,  at  Chicago, 
August  21,  1865;  had  served  as  private,  corporal,  and  sergeant;  returning 
to  private  life  he  learned  the  trade  of  carriage-builder,  in  which  business 
he  was  employed  at  Ottawa,  Ills.,  and  Fowler,  Ind. ,  until  1875,  when  he 
came  to  California  and  continued  it  for  a  time;  is  at  present  foreman  of 
the  San  Jose  Agricultural  Works;  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Jose,  and  one  of  its  past  post  commanders. 

WM.    HARVEY   BROWN, 

Of  San  Jose,  Cal.,  was  born  in  Schoharie  County,  N.  Y.,  September  6, 
1 834,  and  previous  to  the  Civil  War  was  the  superintendent  of  a  quartz-mill 
in  Tuolumne  County,  Cal.;  enlisted  in  Company  I,  8th  California  Infantry, 
January  16,  1865,  and  was  made  a  sergeant;  was  on  guard  duty  for  some 
months  at  Benicia  Arsenal;  then  stationed  at  Fort  Point,  and  on  provost 
guard  duty  in  San  Francisco;  was  made  wagon  and  forage  master  for 
his  regiment,  in  which  capacity  he  served  until  mustered  out  with  his 
regiment  in  the  fall  of  1865.  He  has  been  since  the  war  a  street  con 
tractor  in  San  Jose,  a  regular  police  officer,  a  deputy  sheriff  for  Santa 
Clara  County,  and  is  at  present  a  private  detective.  He  is  an  enthu 
siastic  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose. 


EDWIN   RECTOR. 

Was  born  in  Schenectady  County,  N.  Y.,  November  4,  1843;  was 
a  farmer  before  the  war ;  has  since  been  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits;  is  at  present  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Fox  &  Rector,  wholesale 
and  retail  dealers  in  hay,  grain,  wool,  and  coal,  at  San  Jose,  Cal.; 
enlisted  in  company  C,  95th  Illinois  Volunteers,  August  22,  1862,  and 
joined  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee;  had  two  brothers  in  the  same  company 
and  regiment,  both  of  whom  served  throughout  the  campaigns  in  Ten 
nessee  and  with  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the  sea ;  was  discharged  from 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  159 

service  March  24,  1863,  on  account  of  disability  resulting  from  a  severe 
attack  of  typhoid  fever,  brought  on  by  extreme  exposure  and  hardships, 
and  from  the  effects  of  which  he  has  not  as  yet  entirely  recovered ;  is  a 
pensioner  and  an  esteemed  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San 
Jose,  Cal.  By  fair  dealings  with  his  fellow-men  he  has  gained  their  respect 
and  confidence,  and  is  regarded  as  a  substantial  citizen  of  his  town.  Com 
rade  Rector  is  a  member  of  Enterprise  Lodge,  A.  O.  U.  W. 


JAMES   L.    EVANS. 

Was  born  in  Gloucester,  Mass.,  May  26,  1821,  and  is  by  occupation 
a  miner  ;  was  mustered  into  the  U.  S.  service  September  17,  1861,  as 
ist  Lieutenant  of  Company  F,  4th  California  Infantry  Volunteers;  served 
in  Lower  California  and  Arizona ;  in  the  latter  department  was  engaged 
on  Indian  scouting  duty;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  'service 
October  30,  1863,  by  special  order  department  of  the  Pacific.  Lieutenant 
Evans  is  also  a  veteran  of  the  Mexican  War.  He  served  in  General  Wool's 
division,  and  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista.  He  is  a  member  of 
Sumner  Post,G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


PELIG   B.    ARNOLD. 

Was  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  June  10,  1833.  Is  a  carpenter  by  trade, 
and  at  present  a  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal.  Is  a  member  of  Rawlins 
Post,  No.  23,  at  that  place.  Enlisted  in  Company  E  of  the  65th  New 
York  Infantry  in  September,  1863,  and  was  discharged  on  account  of  dis 
ability.  Re-enlisted  on  the  8th  of  March,  1864,  in  Company  I  of  the  2ist 
Connecticut  Infantry.  Served  as  a  private  during  both  enlistments.  Was 
attached  to  the  6th  Army  Corps.  Took  part  in  the  engagements  at 
Williamsburg  and  Malvern  Hill,  Bermuda  Hundred,  Cold  Harbor,  and 
mine  explosion  at  Petersburg.  Was  taken  prisoner  at  Malvern  Hill,  and 
was  not  released  for  about  four  months.  Was  honorably  discharged  from 
the  service  May  18,  1865. 

AMERICUS   V.  STOCKWELL. 

Was  born  in  Allegany,  Cattaraugus  County,  N.  Y.,  July  27,  1836; 
came  to  California  in  1858,  and  was  engaged  in  stock-raising  until  1860; 
then  went  into  the  mines,  where  he  remained  until  1863,  when  he  entered 
into  the  business  of  street  contracting  in  San  Francisco;  enlisted  Septem 
ber  17,  1864,  in  Company  H,  2d  California  Cavalry;  was  assigned  to  provost 


160  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

guard  duty  in  Sacramento,  from  which  he  was  detached  and  assigned  to 
escort  duty  with  General  McDowell,  making  the  rounds  of  the  military 
posts  in  Arizona,  preparatory  to  the  relief  of  the  volunteers  by  the  regulars; 
was  mustered  out  of  service  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  April  20,  1866,  by  reason 
of  disbandment  of  volunteers ;  is  now  engaged  in  employment  agency  and 
intelligence  office  at  San  Jose,  Cal.;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  that  city. 

DANIEL    MACK    DAVIS. 

Was  born  in  Van  Buren  County,  Iowa,  August  26,  1848.  His  occu 
pations  in  life  have  been  various;  has  been  a  printer,  engaged  in  agri 
cultural  pursuits,  then  merchandizing;  an  orchardist  when  he  first  came 
to  California  after  the  war,  and  is  at  present  in  the  hardware  business  in 
San  Jose.  He  enlisted  in  Company  E,  i5th  Iowa  Volunteer  Infantry,  in 
January,  1 865,  the  regiment  belonging  to  the  i  yth  Army  Corps.  On  account 
of  his  youth,  being  but  sixteen  years  of  age,  and  his  delicate  constitution, 
he  was  appointed  regimental  postmaster,  and  assigned  to  duty  at  regi 
mental  headquarters.  He  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  in 
August,  1865;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

B.  F.  FOSTER. 

Was  born  in  Calais,  Me.,  March  25,  1842;  is  by  occupation  a  farmer; 
enlisted  in  Company  K,  ist  California  Cavalry,  April  3,  1863,  and  was 
appointed  a  corporal;  served  during  the  war  in  the  military  department 
of  New  Mexico,  and  with  his  company  was  in  several  Indian  engage 
ments.  He  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  April  3,  1866;  is  a 
member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  Stockton,  Cal.,  and  resides  near  Locke- 
ford,  San  Joaquin  County,  Cal. 

E.  W.   CHARLES. 

Was  born  at  Fryeburg,  Me.  on  May  27,  1839.  Went  to  Chicago  in 
1856,  determined  to  paddle  his  own  canoe;  arrived  therewith  $1.75  in 
his  pocket ;  clerked  in  a  lumber-yard  for  a  time,  but  not  meeting  with 
success,  became  a  school  teacher  and  so  continued  until  September  6,  1861, 
the  date  of  his  enlistment  in  Company  A  of  the  49th  Illinois  Infantry, 
with  which  regiment  he  served  as  sergeant  (mostly  in  the  medical  depart 
ment)  until  December  15,  1862,  when  he  was  mustered  out  by  order 
of  General  Grant  to  accept  an  appointment  as  acting  master's  mate  in  the 
Navy,  in  which  position  he  served  until  July  of  the  same  year,  the  date  of 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  161 

his  resignation  on  account  of  ill-health.  Returning  to  his  residence  at 
Waterloo,  111.,  commenced  reading  medicine  with  Drs.  Copp  and  Whit- 
more,  and  attended  a  course  of  lectures  at  the  St.  Louis  Medical  College, 
and  the  following  April  re-enlisted  for  six  months  as  surgeon's  steward 
on  the  U.  S.  steamer  Nymph,  of  the  Mississippi  squadron ;  was  dis 
charged  in  September,  1864.  Attended  another  course  of  lectures  at 
St.  Louis,  and  graduated  in  March,  1865  ;  was  examined,  and  on  March 
u,  1865,  was  commissioned  first  assistant  surgeon  of  the  6oth  Illinois 
Infantry,  then  stationed  near  Savannah  ;  was  discharged  with  that  regi 
ment  in  July,  1865.  On  August  yth,  the  same  year,  was  commissioned 
first  assistant  surgeon  of  the  36th  Illinois  Infantry,  stationed  at  New 
Orleans,  La. ;  was  discharged  with  the  others  of  this  command  October  8, 
1865.  During  this  varied  service  was  attached  to  the  Army  of  the  Ten 
nessee,  i3th  Corps,  from  January,  1862,  to  December,  1862  ;  U.  S.  Navy 
from  January  n,  1863,  to  September  15,  1864;  to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d 
Division,  of  the  i4th  Army  Corps  from  March  to  July,  1865,  and  the 
Department  of  the  Gulf  from  August  to  October  of  the  same  year.  Dur 
ing  all  of  which  was  in  the  following  engagements :  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh, 
Arkansas  Post,  Fort  Beauregard,  Vicksburg,  Haines'  Bluff,  and  ran  by 
the  batteries  at  Vicksburg  on  the  U.  S.  gunboat  General  Price ;  was  pres 
ent  at  the  bombardment  at  Grand  Gulf,  etc. 

Since  the  war  comrade  Charles  has  practiced  medicine  and  surgery, 
and  for  the  last  fourteen  years  in  California ;  was  a  member  of  Sumner 
Post,  No.  3,  of  Sacramento,  until  April,  1886,  when  through  his  instru 
mentality  Chattanooga  Post,  No.  115,  was  organized  at  Nevada  City,  Cal., 
his  place  of  residence,  to  which  post  he  at  once  transferred  his  member 
ship.  This  Post  mustered  more  men,  in  comparison  to  membership,  in 
the  grand  parade  at  the  twentieth  encampment,  than  any  other,  there 
being  thirty-five  out  of  thirty-seven  members  in  the  ranks,  which  speaks 
well  for  the  zeal  of  its  organizer. 

ANDREW   E.  VEON. 

Was  born  in  Crawford  County,  Pa.,  March  16,  1845.  Has  been  a 
merchant;  is  at  present  a  jeweler  at  Brainerel,  Minn.  Enlisted  in 
Company  C,  29th  Wisconsin  Infantry,  August  13,  1862,  and  served  a 
short  time  as  private,  and  then  as  courier  at  brigade  headquarters;  was 
attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  3d  Division,  and  i3th  Army  Corps;  was  in 
the  engagements  during  the  Vicksburg  campaign  and  Banks'  two  trips  up 
Red  River;  is  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  30,  department  of 
Minnesota,  with  headquarters  at  his  place  of  residence;  was  mustered  out 


162  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

at  Shreveport,  La.,  June  22,  1865;  enlisted  first,  at  the  age  of  sixteen,  in 
1861,  but  when  the  company  was  mustered  in  was  sent  home  on  account 
of  size  and  age,  his  father  having  withheld  his  consent  to  the  enlistment; 
later  on  father  and  son  enlisted  in  the  same  company.  At  the  battle  of 
Champion  Hills,  Miss.,  his  gun  was  shattered  to  pieces  in  his  hands  by  a 
rifle -ball;  was  in  the  rifle-pits  before  Vicksburg  for  forty -seven  days;  at 
the  occupation  of  Jackson  was  knocked  senseless  by  a  spent  ball  striking 
him  on  the  forehead;  his  clothes  were  pierced  by  shot  several  times  on  the 
expedition  up  Red  River;  was  injured  by  his  horse  at  the  battle  of  Carrion 
Crow  Bayou,  from  which  he  suffers  at  the  present  time;  was  captured  at 
the  battle  of  Sabine  Cross-roads  in  1864,  and  imprisoned  at  Tyler,  Tex.; 
taken  from  Tyler  with  600  others  and  marched  for  two  months,  Mr.  Veon 
was  paroled  at  Houston,  and  delivered  to  the  blockading  fleet  at  Galveston; 
rejoined  his  regiment  at  New  Orleans,  and  proceeded  to  Shreveport,  La., 
and  witnessed  the  surrender  of  the  place,  when  he  was  in  charge  of  guards 
over  the  same  men  who  guarded  him  when  a  prisoner.  Comrade  Veon  has 
been  quartermaster  of  his  post,  and  is  at  present  its  commander;  is  also 
assistant  inspector  of  the  department  and  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  the 
department  commander. 

I.  V.   B.  LOGAN. 

Was  born  in  Middletown,  Jefferson  County,  Ky.,  November  20, 
1840.  Was  educated  for  mercantile  pursuits,  and  is  at  present  a  merchant. 
Enlisted  in  Company  H,  5th  California  Infantry,  September  19,  1861; 
served  during  the  war,  in  California,  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  and  Western 
Texas;  taking  part  in  several  Indian  fights;  was  mustered  out  of  service 
at  Messilla,  New  Mexico,  November  30,  1864.  He  is  a  member  of  Rawlins 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  Stockton,  Cal.,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


THEODORE   AYEOULT   BARTON. 

» 

Was  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  July  2,    1844,   and  is  an  accountant; 

residing  at  present  at  Providence,  R.  I.  Enlisted  September  18,  1862,  in 
the  3d  Regiment  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia;  was  afterward  com 
missioned  2d  lieutenant  in  the  2d  Regiment  Massachusetts  Heavy 
Artillery,  and  later  on  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  in  the  58th  Massa 
chusetts  Volunteers;  served  in  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  and  gth  Army 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  the  i8th  Corps  at  Newberne,  and  ist  Bri 
gade,  2d  Division,  Qth  Army  Corps  in  Virginia;  was  mustered  out  of  the 
service,  with  his  regiment,  July  14,  1865. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  163 

Comrade  Barton  was  a  member  of  Prescott  Post,  No.  i,  of  Providence, 
R.  I.,  which  post  he  joined  May  30,  1867,  transferring  to  Slocum  Post, 
No.  10,  of  the  same  place,  in  February,  1868.  He  served  as  commander 
of  his  present  post  for  three  years,  and  as  inspector,  junior  and  senior 
vice  department  commander,  and  department  commander  of  Rhode  Island. 
Was,  for  three  years,  captain  and  aid-de-camp  of  the  Rhode  Island  militia, 
and  is  now  serving  his  second  year  as  colonel  and  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff 
of  Governor  Wetmore,  of  Rhode  Island. 

DANIEL   D.   TRIPP. 

Was  born  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  June  i,  1833,  and  is  by  occupation 
a  butcher;  enlisted  in  Company  A,  4ist  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Infantry, 
August  20,  1862;  was  subsequently  transferred  to  the  3d  Massachusetts 
Cavalry,  and  then  to  Company  I,  3d  Regiment,  Veteran  Reserve  Corps; 
was  in  the  battles  at  Irish  Bend  and  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson;  was  dis 
charged  from  service  July  25,  1865,  by  reason  of  disbandment  of  his 
regiment.  He  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Stockton,  Cal., 
of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 

BENJAMIN    W.   HARRIS. 

Was  born  in  Smithfield,  R.  I. ,  and  is  by  occupation  an  engineer  and 
machinist.  He  was  commissioned  as  captain,  Company  F,  loth  Rhode 
Island  Volunteers,  May  24,  1862,  and  served  in  the  defenses  of  Washing 
ton;  was  mustered  out  of  service  in  September,  1862.  He  is  a  member 
of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  Stockton,  Cal.,  but  at  present  a  resident  of 
San  Francisco. 

H.   B.  LOOMIS. 

Was  born  in  Onondaga  County,  N.  Y.,  June  12,  1829,  an^  *s  by  occu 
pation  a  journalist ;  enlisted  in  the  loth  Wisconsin  Infantry,  September, 
1 86 1,  and  served  in  Kentucky  in  Mitchell's  Division.  He  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  at  Green  River,  Ky.,  February  12,  1862.  He  is 
a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

JACOB   FRITSCH. 

Was  born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  July  22,  1845.  His  occupations  in 
life  have  been  those  of  laborer  and  bar-tender.  He  enlisted  in  Company 
F,  2d  California  Calvary,  in  which  regiment  he  served  for  three  years,  and 
as  first  sergeant  of  his  company.  At  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  service 


164  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

he  re-enlisted,  and  was  made  duty  sergeant  of  Company  E,  8th  California 
Infantry,  in  which  regiment  he  served  eleven  months,  and  until  it  was 
mustered  out,  at  San  Francisco,  October  24,  1865.  While  in  the  ad  Cal 
ifornia  Calvary,  which  was  on  scouting  duty  in  Utah,  Idaho,  and  Nevada, 
he  was  engaged  in  several  skirmishes  with  the  Snake  and  Piute  Indians. 
He  is  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  in  San  Francisco, 
but  resides  at  present  in  Stockton,  Cal. 

WILLIAM    LAWS. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  Since  the  war  has  been  a  cook.  Ran 
away  from  home  when  fourteen  years  old  and  enlisted  in  Company  F, 
of  the  2Oth  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry,  the  first  colored  regiment  from  New 
York  State,  and  served  as  a  private.  Was  attached  to  the  i9th  Army  Corps, 
served  until  October,  1865,  was  wounded  in  right  breast.  Comrade  Laws 
is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he 
resides. 

WALTER  W.  VAUGHN. 

Was  born  in  West  Liberty,  Logan  County,  Ohio,  November  25,  1827. 
His  occupation  has  been  that  of  carpenter  and  joiner.  He  enlisted  as  a 
musician  in  Company  H,  8th  California  Infantry,  which  regiment,  during 
its  term  of  service,  was  stationed  in  the  military7  department  of  California, 
and  was  mustered  out  in  the  fall  of  1865.  Comrade  Vaughn  is  a  resident 
of  Stockton,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  in  that  city. 


WILLIAM    BRANCH, 

A  resident  of  Tombstone,  A.  Ty. ;  born  in  Baden,  Germany,  September 
17,  1824  5  enlisted  June  20,  1861,  with  2d  Kansas  Infantry,  Company  F, 
which  was  attached  to  General  Lyon's  forces  in  Missouri ;  was  engaged  in 
the  hard-fought  battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  near  Springfield,  Missouri,  where 
General  Lyou  was  killed.  Comrade  Branch  is  a  member  of  Burnside 
Post,  No.  36,  department  of  California,  with  headquarters  at  Tombstone, 
A.  Ty. 

CHARLES   H.   HORNE. 

Was  born  in  Dover,  N.  H.,  on  July  26,  1836,  removed  to  Massachu 
setts  in  1840,  and  to  Wisconsin  in  1849;  crossed  the  plains,  and  settled  at 
Yreka,  Cal.,  in  1853.  In  1855-56  was  a  member  of  Captain  Abel  George's 
Yreka  Volunteer  Company;  engaged  against  the  Indians  in  the  battle  at 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  165 

Hayes  Ranch  and  Big  Bend.  Removed  to  Salem,  Oregon  in  1861,  and 
there  was  assistant  foreman  of  the  Salem  Hook  and  Ladder  Company. 
Enlisted  November  18,  1861,  in  the  ist  Oregon  Volunteer  Cavalry,  and 
was  quartermaster-sergeant  of  Company  B  of  that  regiment,  serving  until 
November  18,  1864,  when  he  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service. 
In  civil  life  has  been  a  mechanic  and  miner.  Is  a  member  of  Negley  Post, 
No.  35,  of  Tucson,  A.  Ty.,  of  which  place  he  is  at  present  a  resident. 


VICTOR   HECK, 

Of  Stockton,  Cal. ,  was  born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  September  n,  1-841; 
his  occupation  in  life  has  been  merchandizing.  He  enlisted  in  Company  I, 
6th  California  Infantry,  in  July,  1864;  was  made  second  sergeant  and  placed 
on  detached  service-guard  duty  on  mail  steamers  from  San  Francisco  to 
Panama;  was  mustered  out  of  service  September  16,  1865.  He  is  a 
member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Stockton,  California. 

GUY   T.   GOULD. 

Was  born  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  April  23,  1845  5  came  to  America 
when  seven  years  old,  and  located  at  Troy,  N.  Y. ,  where  he  resided  until 
the  breaking  out  of  the  war ;  when  sixteen  years  old  he  joined  Company  H, 
of  the  2d  New  York  Infantry,  and  notwithstanding  the  fact  of  being  refused 
muster  on  account  of  his  size  and  youth,  he  went  with  the  regiment 
May  9,  1861,  to  Fortress  Monroe  and  did  a  soldier's  duty,  participating 
with  the  regiment  in  the  introductory  campaigns  of  the  war  including 
the  engagements  at  Big  and  Little  Bethel. 

Giving  up  all  hopes  of  being  mustered  in,  he  went  west  and  experi 
enced  no  trouble  in  getting  mustered  in  Battery  G  of  the  2d  Illinois  Light 
Artillery;  enlisted  December  2,  1861,  and  served  with  this  battery  until 
September  6,  1864,  when  he  was  made  quartermaster-sergeant  of  the 
regiment,  and  as  such  served  until  the  close  of  the  war  ;  was  mustered  out 
August  27,  1865. 

Engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  until  1870,  when  he  became  super 
intendent  of  the  western  division  of  the  Chicago  post-office  and  so  con 
tinued  until  June  2,  1885  ;  is  now  engaged  in  mercantile  business  in 
Chicago.  Comrade  Gould  was  one  of  the  first  to  enter  the  ranks  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  became  a  member  of  Nevins  Post,  No. 
i,  of  Rockford,  Ills.,  in  May,  1867  ;  since  then  has  been  adjutant  of 
Nevins  Post,  commander  of  Ransom  Post,  of  Chicago,  senior  vice-depart 
ment  commander  and  department  commander  of  Illinois,  and  in  1874  was 


166  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

elected  at  the  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  encampment  Junior  Vice-Commander-in- 
Chief  ;  is  now  the  senior  past  department  commander  of  his  department ; 
is  enthusiastic  in  everything  affecting  the  interest  of  old  soldiers  and  sailors, 
and  although  badly  disabled  is  still  in  the  ranks  for  his  comrades  and  his 


EBENEZER   WILLIAMS. 

Was  born  in  Scott  County,  Ills.,  March  28,  1834;  his  occupation  in 
life  has  been  that  of  a  farmer.  He  enlisted  in  the  i29th  Illinois  Volun 
teers,  August  13,  1862,  attached  to  the  3d  Division,  2Oth  Army  Corps; 
was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Resaca.  Lookout  Mountain,  New  Hope 
Church,  Peach  Tree  Creek,  and  numerous  skirmishes  ;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  from  service  July  5,  1865  ;  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
Stockton,  and  resides  at  Oakdale,  Stanislaus  County,  Cal. 


JOSEPH    SIMON. 

A  member  of  Lyon  Post,  No.  8,  of  Oakland,  Cal.,  his  present  place  of 
residence;  was  born  in  Germany,  February  12,  1828,  and  is  by  occu 
pation  a  butcher.  Enlisted  in  the  2d  Missouri  Infantry,  in  April  1861, 
and  was  commissioned  captain  of  Company  B  of  that  regiment  in 
September,  1861,  and  attached  to  the  i6th  Army  Corps.  Took  part  in  the 
following  battles:  Wilson's  Creek,  Pea  Ridge,  Corinth,  and  Chattanooga; 
was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  in  1864. 


WILHELM  JOHNSON. 

Was  born  in  Copenhagen,  Denmark,  December  12,  1838;  is  a  book- 
k^eper.  Enlisted  in  Company  I  of  the  i2th  U.  S.  Infantry  in  February, 
1864,  and  served  as  quartermaster's  clerk,  stationed  in  Arizona;  took  part 
in  several  skirmishes  with  Indians;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the 
service  in  September,  1867.  Comrade  Johnson  is  a  member  of  Rawlins 
Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


THOS.  GREGORY. 

Born  September  8,  1848,  at  Cheltenham,  Eng.,  and  in  civil  life  has 
been  a  restaurant-keeper.  At  the  age  of  fourteen,  in  1862,  he  joined  the 
Polish  Insurrectionary  Army  in  London,  Eng.,  and  served  under  Col. 
Lapinski  until  taken  prisoner  by  the  Swedes  and  sent  back  to  England  in 
1863,  whence  he  proceeded  to  New  York  and  enlisted  in  the  H5th  N.  Y. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  167 

Volunteers  in  October  of  that  year.  Transferred  to  the  47th  N.  Y.  in 
1865.  During  which  time  he  filled  the  following  positions:  private,  cor 
poral,  sergeant,  and  adjutant  clerk,  performing  service  with  the  2d  Brigade, 
2d  Division,  of  the  loth  Army  Corps,  participating  in  battles  at  Olustee, 
Fla.,  Chester  Heights,  Va.,  Chapins  Farm,  Va.,  Deep  Bottom,  Cold  Har 
bor,  Petersburg,  Darbytown  Road,  Fort  Fisher,  Cemetery  Hill,  Head 
Mound,  Kenansville,  N.  C.,  and  other  engagements.  Was  wounded  in 
neck  during  the  Polish  War,  also  at  Chester  Heights,  Va.,  on  the  head  by 
a  piece  of  shell,  and  in  the  left  groin  in  the  charge  on  Cemetery  Hill  after 
exploding  a  mine,  was  shot  by  a  bummer  in  right  foot  at  Kenansville, 
N.  C.,  while  on  guard  duty.  Comrade  Gregory  is  a  member  of  Burnside 
Post,  No.  36,  with  headquarters  at  his  present  place  of  residence,  Tomb 
stone,  A.  Ty. 

O.  B.  VINCENT. 

Comrade  Vincent  was  born  in  Washington  County,  Ohio,  May  26, 
1845,  atld  in  civil  life  has  been  engaged  in  railroading  in  various  capaci 
ties,  such  as  agent,  telegraph  operator,  and  accountant.  Is  a  member 
of  Lander  Post,  No.  27,  department  of  California,  with  headquarters  at 
Austin,  Nev.,  his  present  place  of  residence.  Enlisted  in  the  "Ohio 
National  Guard"  on  the  formation  of  that  body  in  1863.  His  regiment 
responded  to  the  President's  call  for  "  100  days'  men,"  and  was  mustered 
into  the  U.  S.  service  as  the  i48th  Ohio  Infantry,  in  May  1864,  and  pro 
ceeded  to  Harpers  Ferry.  From  this  place  they  were  soon  ordered  to  join 
the  army  of  General  Grant,  who  was  at  that  time  fighting  his  way  through 
the  wilderness,  but  not  making  connections,  on  account  of  Grant's  having 
crossed  to  the  south  side  of  the  James  River,  they  proceeded  to  Bermuda 
Hundred,  where  they  were  placed  on  garrison  duty,  relieving  veterans  who 
were  needed  at  the  front.  Immediately  on  arrival,  private  Vincent  was 
detailed  on  telegraph  duty,  and  remained  in  that  service  until  the  regi 
ment  was  ordered  home,  and  mustered  out  at  Marietta,  Ohio,  in  Septem 
ber  of  the  same  year. 

ARNOLD   T.  NEEDHAM. 

Was  born  on  the  Island  of  Guernsey,  Great  Britain,  August  14,  1838. 
Is  a  Methodist  minister.  Enlisted  May  24,  1861,  as  a  private  in  the  i3th 
Illinois  Infantry,  and  served  as  corporal,  sergeant,  and  chaplain;  was 
attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  of  the  i5th  Army  Corps;  was 
commissioned  chaplain  June  30,  1863,  after  having  served  for  two  years 
in  the  ranks;  was  in  the  battles  at  Chickasaw  Bayou,  Dixon  Station, 
Tuscumbia,  Lookout  Mountain,  Mission  Ridge,  Ringold  Gap,  and 


168  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Madison  Station.  Dr.  Eddy's  "Patriotism  of  Illinois "  vol.  i,  p.  299, 
remarks  as  follows:  "It  is  due  one  officer  of  the  i3th  to  state  a  fact  or  two. 
The  chaplain  at  the  time  the  regiment  went  out  of  service  was  Rev.  Arnold 
T.  Needham.  At  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  he  enlisted  as  a  private.  He 
was  subsequently  promoted  as  sergeant  for  braver}-.  By  his  active,  yet 
unobtrusive  piety,  his  zeal  in  caring  for  the  wounded  and  dying,  he  had 
so  won  upon  the  officers  of  the  regiment  that  they  recommended  his 
appointment  to  that  office,  although  he  was  not  even  a  licentiate.  Leave 
of  absence  was  granted;  he  returned  to  his  home  in  Chicago,  was  licensed 
and  ordained,  and  received  his  commission.  Chaplain  Needham  is  a 
devoted  Christian  minister,  and  at  the  expiration  of  the  time  of  enlist 
ment,  he  entered  the  Rock  River  annual  conference  of  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church,  and  was  appointed  to  a  pastoral  charge,  where  he  gives 
full  proof  of  his  ministry."  Comrade  Needham  is  at  present  a  resident 
of  Alameda,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.'  A.  R.,  of  Stockton, 
Cal. 

EDWARD   SCOTT. 

Was  born  in  England,  May  n,  1831;  has  been  a  fanner  and  book 
keeper.  Enlisted  in  Company  H  of  the  8th  California  Regiment,  and 
served  as  ist  lieutenant,  his  commission  bearing  date  of  February,  1864; 
performed  service  in  California;  was  mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war, 
in  the  fall  of  1865.  Comrade  Scott  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23, 
of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  is  quartermaster  of  his  post. 


RICHARD    CONDY. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Liskeard,  in  the  county  of  Cornwall,  Eng 
land,  March  4,  1827;  h^5  occupations  in  life  have  been  those  of  musician 
and  tailor;  he  enlisted  in  the  3d  California  Infantry,  October  8,  1861,  as 
leader  of  the  band,  and  served  in  the  department  of  the  Pacific;  was  mus 
tered  out  of  service  September  28,  1862.  He  is  a  member  of  Rawlins 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


ISAAC   TABOR. 

Surgeon  of  Kilpatrick  Post,  No.  38,  of  St.  Helena,  Cal.  Comrade 
Tabor  was  born  in  Smithfield,  R.  I.,  February  28,  1817;  is  a  grandson  of 
Ichabod  Tabor,  of  Pawtucket,  R.  I.,  who  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
War.  Surgeon  Tabor  was  educated  at  the  Friends'  School,  at  Providence, 
R.  I.  (his  mother  being  a  member  of  the  Society  of  Friends);  studied 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  169 

medicine  in  Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y. ;  graduated  in  medicine  and  surgery  at 
the  Vermont  Medical  College,  Woodstock,  Vt,  in  June,  1841;  practiced 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  but  owing  to  ill-health  removed  to  Texas  in  the  winter 
of  1842-43,  where  he  remained  until  1860,  when  he  was  obliged  to  leave 
on  account  of  his  Union  sentiments.  Proceeding  to  Providence,  R.  I.,  at 
the  first  call  for  troops  he  offered  his  services,  but  owing  to  the  large 
number  offering  at  that  time,  was  forced  to  wait  until  May,  1864,  when, 
Medical  Director  McCormick  having  called  for  volunteer  surgeons  to  assist 
at  Fortress  Monroe,  he  again  offered  his  services,  which  being  accepted, 
he  was  commissioned  surgeon  March  24,  1864;  was  honorably  discharged 
June  26,  1864.  Surgeon  Tabor  came  to  California  in  1876,  and  is  at 
present  a  successful  practitioner  of  medicine  at  St.  Helena,  Cal. 

PATRICK   GAYNOR. 

A  member  of  W.  H.  Seward  Post,  at  Woodland,  department  of  Cali 
fornia,  was  born  in  County  Lietrim,  Ireland,  in  1826;  by  occupation  a 
laborer.  Enlisted  in  1861  in  the  28th  Massachusetts  Regiment,  and  served 
in  the  gth  Army  Corps  in  South  Carolina;  was  promoted  to  sergeant  in 
1862;  took  part  in  the  engagements  at  James  Island,  S.  C.,  capture  of  Fort 
Pulaski,  battle  of  Bull  Run,  and  others;  was  wounded  in  the  left  thigh 
and  on  cheek  by  a  saber — an  unusual  occurrence  in  modern  warfare;  was 
discharged  from  the  service  in  1864. 

JAMES   BARRY. 

Born  in  Ireland  in  1838;  arrived  in  New  York  in  1860;  is  by  occu 
pation  a  tailor;  enlisted  May  16,  1861,  in  the  5th  U.  S.  Artillery  (Griffin's 
Battery),  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  5th 
Army  Corps,  taking  part  in  the  following-named  battles:  Mechanicsville, 
Games'  Mills;  Malvern  Hill,  Antietam,  Sharpsburg,  Fredericksburg, 
Chancellorsville,  Mine  Run,  Grovetown,  Gettysburg,  eleven  days  in  the 
Wilderness,  and  Spottsylvania  Court-house;  was  honorably  discharged  at 
the  expiration  of  his  enlistment,  May  16,  1864.  Comrade  Barn-  is  a 
member  of  Kilpatrick  Post,  No.  38,  at  St.  Helena,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

WILLIAM    H.  WHITE. 

Was  born  in  Huntingdon  County,  Pa.,  May  15,  1846;  is  by  occu 
pation  an  engineer.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  49th  Pennsylvania  Infantry ; 
served  for  a  time  as  a  scout.  His  regiment  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade, 
ist  Division,  6th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Antietam,  Fredericks- 


170  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

burg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Rappahannock  Station,  and  through 
the  Wilderness  campaign  to  Petersburg.  He  received  a  bayonet  wound 
through  the  left  arm  on  the  loth  of  May,  1864,  in  one  of  the  charges  in 
the  Wilderness,  and  a  carbine  bullet  wound  in  right  breast  at  Woodstock ; 
was  mustered  out  of  service  June  27,  1865.  He  is  at  present  a  resident 
of  Stockton,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  that  city. 


EDWARD  JARDINE. 

A  resident  of  New  York;  was  born  in  New  York,  November  2,  1828, 
and  has  been  engaged  in  mercantile  life.  Enlisted  April  19,  1861,  in  the 
9th  New  York  Volunteers,  and  during  his  service  was  successively  pro 
moted  to  captain,  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  and  brigadier-general; 
served  in  the  9th  Army  Corps;  was  with  Burnside's  expedition,  and  in  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division;  was  in  the  following 
engagements:  Hatteras  Inlet,  Roanoke  Island,  South  Mountain,  Antietam, 
and  Fredericksburg;  was  twice  wounded,  and  again  in  draft  riots  in  New 
York,  July,  1863.  Comrade  Jardine  is  a  member  of  Kimball  Post,  No. 
100,  department  of  New  York.  He  was  honorably  discharged  in  May, 
1865. 

M.    S.    WEBB. 

Was  born  in  Vermont  August  15,  1838, ;  has  been  a  locomotive  engi 
neer  and  master  mechanic;  enlisted  in  August,  1861,  in  the  63d  Pennsyl 
vania  Regiment;  re-enlisted  in  August,  1864,  in  Battery  B  of  the  ist 
Pennsylvania  Artillery,  and  served  as  a  private  and  bugler;  was  attached 
to  the  5th  Army  Corps,  and  took  part  in  its  campaigns;  was  present  at 
Fortress  Monroe  and  witnessed  the  engagements  with  the  Merrimac  and 
the  federal  fleet;  was  at  the  fall  of  Yorktown  and  through  the  Peninsula 
campaigns;  the  Seven  Days'  Fight  and  Malvern  Hill,  fall  of  Petersburg, 
and  many  others;  was  in  Washington  and  witnessed  the  review  of  Sher 
man's  army  and  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  mustered  out  June  9, 
1865.  Comrade  Webb  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

JOHN   A.    F.    PIEPER. 

Was  born  in  Prussia  November  18,  1840;  a  farmer;  enlisted  May  28, 
1863,  in  Company  G  of  the  47th  Iowa  Infantry,  and  later  veteranized  into 
Company  F  of  the  7th  Iowa  Cavalry;  served  as  a  private;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  in  February,  1866;  served  with  Buford's  detachment  and  on  the 
frontier;  was  in  the  battles  at  Helena,  Ark.,  Powder  River  Indian  fight  in 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  171 

1865,  and  Julesburg  on  the  Platte;  was  wounded  at  Helena  by  a  musket- 
ball  in  the  left  hip,  the  bone  being  shattered;  was  again  wounded  by  a 
pistol-ball  in  the  right  leg  near  the  same  place  while  foraging.  The  shot 
was  fired  by  some  one  concealed  in  a  loft.  Comrade  Pieper  is  a  member 
of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

PETER   LA  FORGE. 

Born  in  Richmond  County,  N.  Y.,  March  24,  1840.  Was  a.  farmer 
until  the  breaking  out  of  the  war;  since  then  a  machinist  and  engineer. 
Enlisted,  June  i,  1861,  in  the  i3th  Illinois  Infantry,  and  served  as  a 
private  until  discharged,  in  June,  1864;  was  in  the  ist  Brigade,  ist 
Division,  and  i5th  Army  Corps;  was  present  at  the  engagements  at  Chick- 
asaw  Bayou,  Arkansas  Post,  Greenville  raid,  Jackson,  Miss.;  sieges  of 
Fredericksburg  and  Jackson;  Tuscumbia,  Lookout  Mountain,  Missionary 
Ridge,  Ringold  Gap,  and  Madison  Station.  The  latter  engagement  was 
fought  by  the  i3th  Regiment  alone,  being  opposed  by  an  entire  rebel 
brigade.  Comrade  LaForge  is  a  member  of  Custer  Post,  No.  5,  of  Carson 
City,  Nev.  In  1869  Mr.  LaForge  removed  from  Illinois  to  Missouri,  and 
in  1871  to  Carson  City,  Nev.,  a  high  altitude  being  necessary  to  his  health, 
having  contracted  asthma  in  the  sendee.  Was  one  of  the  organizers  of 
the  Carson  Guard  of  the  Nevada  national  guard,  and  was  twice  2d  Lieu 
tenant  of  the  same.  Is  at  present  a  resident  of  Verdi,  Nev. 

DAVID   THOMAS. 

Was  born  in  Wales,  August  15,  1841,  and  is  by  occupation  a  fanner. 
He  enlisted  in  Company  C,  96th  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  September  i, 
1861,  and  was  subsequently  transferred  to  the  Invalid  Corps;  his  regiment 
belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  6th  Army  Corps;  he  was  in  the 
Peninsula  campaign,  under  General  McClellan,  at  the  second  Bull  Run, 
and  at  South  Mountain,  where  he  received  a  bullet  wound  in  the  right 
foot,  which  laid  him  up  for  over  six  months,  returning  to  duty  as  soon  as 
his  wound  permitted;  he  afterwards  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Gettysburg, 
Mine  Run,  and  the  Wilderness; -he  was  honorably  discharged,  at  Wash 
ington,  D.  C.,  September  23,  1864.  He  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

W.  J.  BROWN. 

A  native  of  New  York  State;  is  a  mechanic  by  trade;  at  present  a 
resident  of  North  Alameda,  and  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  No.  6, 
with  headquarters  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.;  enlisted,  April,  1861,  in  the  28th 


172  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

New  York  Infantry;  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  May,  1861;  went 
to  the  front,  with  his  regiment,  in  July  of  the  same  year,  first  passing  in 
review  before  General  Scott,  at  Washington,  D.  C. ;  served  in  the  2d 
Army  Corps,  under  Generals  Patterson  and  Banks;  was  engaged  in 
numerous  skirmishes,  as  at  Falling  Water,  Currens  Town,  before  Win 
chester,  and  during  Banks'  retreat;  resigned  from  the  army  in  June,  1862, 
on  account  of  sickness  contracted  in  line  of  dutv. 


J.  C.   M.    SPENCER. 

Was  born  in  Oakland  County,  Mich.,  June  27,  1840;  has  been  a 
lumberman  and  merchant.  Enlisted  in  the  spring  of  1864  in  the  ist 
Michigan  Engineers  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  iyth 
Army  Corps,  and  served  under  General  Sherman;  took  part  in  the  battles 
of  Columbia,  S.  C.,  Mission  Ridge,  and  Goldsborotigh,  and  the  battles 
and  skirmishes  on  the  march  to  Atlanta;  was  honorably  discharged  from 
the  service  in  September,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn.  Had  a  narrow 
escape  at  the  battle  of  Mission  Ridge,  a  ball  passing  so  close  as  to  burn 
his  temple.  Comrade  Spencer  is  a  member  of  Stan  ton  Post,  No.  55,  of 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. ,  where  he  resides. 

FREDERICK   HORLACHER. 

Was  born  in  Widdenburg,  Germany,  June  8,  1833;  is  a  baker; 
enlisted  in  Company  F,  8th  California  Infantry,  February,  1865,  and 
being  discharged  November  gth,  the  same  year,  re-enlisted  in  Com 
pany  C  of  the  gth  U.  S.  Infantry;  was  finally  discharged  November  9, 
1868;  during  first  enlistment  served  at  Angel  Island,  California;  dur 
ing  second  enlistment,  most  of  the  time  at  Fort  Bidwell  and  in  the  mount 
ains  among  the  Piute  Indians;  was  engaged  in  many  Indian  fights  tinder 
the  command  of  General  Crook.  Comrade  Horlacher  is  a  member  of 
Warren  Post,  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

NATHANIEL   S.    MELLUS. 

A  resident  of  Washington,  Yolo  County,  Cal. ;  was  born  in  Damar- 
iscotta,  Me.,  June  28,  1841;  is  a  painter;  enlisted  in  December,  1861,  in 
the  1 5th  New  York  Engineers;  re-enlisted  September  5,  1864,  in  the 
U.  S.  Navy;  served  as  a  private  while  in  the  army  and  as  a  second-class 
fireman  in  the  navy;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  sub 
sequently  served  on  board  the  U.  S.  dispatch  steamer  Bat,  in  Admiral 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  173 

Porter's  fleet;  made  seventeen  trips  between  Fort  Fisher  and  Washing 
ton  (passing  Cape  Hatteras)  during  one  winter;  was  honorably  discharged 
June  21,  1865.  Comrade  Mellus  is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Sacramento,  Cal. 

WILLIAM  L.  DELACEY. 

Commander  of  Hamilton  Post,  No.  20,  department  of  New  York;  at 
present  a  successful  lawyer  of  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.  Was  born  at  New 
Hope,  Pa.,  July  10,  1845;  had  but  few  advantages  during  early  life;  is 
a  self-made  and  self-educated  man.  Enlisted,  at  Trenton,  N.  J.,  August 
13,  1 86 1,  in  Company  C,  4th  New  Jersey  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  pri 
vate,  his  regiment  being  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade  and  ist  Division  of 
the  6th  Army  Corps;  participated  in  the  following  engagements:  Burton's 
Tavern,  Anandale,  Sangster's  Station,  West  Point,  Seven  Days'  Fight 
(June  25,  26,  27,  1862),  Bull  Run  Bridge,  Chantilly,  Crampton's  Pass, 
Antietam,  Rappahannock  Station,  Mine  Run,  and  Wilderness ;  was 
wounded  in  left  knee  and  taken  prisoner  at  the  seven  days'  fight  on 
the  Peninsula;  was  exchanged  at  Aiken's  Landing,  Va.,  August  12,  1862, 
having  been  confined  in  Libby  Prison  and  at  Belle  Isle,  Richmond,  Va. ; 
was  again  wounded  through  right  foot  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness, 
May  5,  1864;  was  transferred  to  the  noth  Regiment  Veteran  Reserve 
Corps;  was  discharged,  at  U.  S.  general  hospital,  at  Newark,  N.  J., 
October  n,  1865. 

Comrade  DeLacey  joined  Francis  N.  Sterling  Post,  No.  41,  depart 
ment  of  New  York,  in  1872;  was  transferred  to  Hamilton  Post,  No.  20, 
in  November,  1877,  of  which  post  he  is  the  present  commander;  has  been 
four  times  commander,  and  twice  adjutant  of  that  post,  once  aid-de-camp 
to  commander-in-chief,  twice  assistant  inspector  of  the  department  of  New 
York,  and  delegate  from  his  department  to  the  seventeenth  and  twentieth 
national  encampments;  was  editor  and  publisher  of  the  Amenia  Times  for 
four  years;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  State  of  New  York  September 
12,  1879. 

W.  H.  ARNOLD. 

Was  born  in  New  Berlin,  Union  County,  Pa.,  October  8,  1840.  Has 
been  a  farmer,  teacher,  and  mechanic;  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  war 
was  attending  school  in  Iowa.  At  once  tendered  his  services  and  being 
accepted,  enlisted  on  July  18,  1861,  in  Company  K  of  the  6th  Iowa 
Infantry  and  served  as  5th  sergeant,  ist  sergeant,  and  ist  lieutenant; 
was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  4th  Division,  of  the  5th  Army  Corps; 


174  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Took  part  in  seventeen  battles.  The  principal  of  which  were  in  Sher 
man's  campaign  to  Atlanta,  and  the  engagements  at  Shiloh,  Red  Rock, 
Vicksburg,  Missionary  Ridge,  Resaca,  Mission  Ridge,  and  others;  was 
wounded  through  both  thighs  at  Shiloh,  and  in  left  hand  at  Mission 
Ridge.  Comrade  Arnold  is  a  member  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  at  Modesto, 
Cal.,  his  present  place  of  residence;  was  discharged  from  the  service  in 
October,  1864;  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  (for  gallant  and  meritori 
ous  services  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh)  on  the  26th  of  August,  1862.  Was 
leader  of  the  forlorn  hope  at  the  battle  of  Newhope  Church.  After  the 
war  was  a  teacher  in  Iowa  until  1870,  when  he  came  to  California,  where 
he  has  since  resided.  Is  by  occupation  a  carpenter  and  builder. 

A.    S.    YORK. 

Born  in  Henry  County,  Ind. ,  February  15,  1846;  has  been  a  farmer 
and  a  teacher;  enlisted  January  16,  1863,  in  Company  M  of  the  8th 
Indiana  Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Cavalry 
Division;  was  in  the  engagement  at  Pulaski,  Tenn. ;  was  with  Sherman 
in  his  march  to  the  sea;  was  in  the  battle  of  Lovejoy  in  Georgia,  and  in 
the  battles  of  Louisville,  Wynesboro,  and  Macon,  Ga.,  and  several  skir 
mishes;  also  in  the  Carolinas,  the  battles  at  Johnson's  Station,  Averys- 
boro,  Smithfield,  and  Morrisville;  was  discharged  Augiist  9,  1865;  is  at 
present  a  resident  of  Walla  Walla,  W.  T. ,  and  a  member  of  Abraham 
Licoln  Post,  No.  4,  of  that  place. 

JAMES   MAcDONALD. 

Was  born  in  Scotland,  November  18,  1832;  a  carriage-maker  by 
trade.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  ist  District  of  Columbia  Infantry,  in 
April,  1 86 1,  and  served  as  a  private  until  the  latter  part  of  July  of  the 
same  year;  took  part  in  the  defense  of  Washington.  Comrade  MacDonald 
is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

J.  J.   SHOEMAKER. 

Was  born  in  Whitewater  County,  Ind.,  April  7,  1830;  a  farmer  by 
occupation.  Enlisted  in  the  fall  of  1861  in  Company  F  of  the  loth  Wis 
consin  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  in  the  battles  of  Perry ville 
and  Chickamauga  and  several  skirmishes  (at  the  first-named  battle  Mr. 
Shoemaker's  brother  was  killed  by  his  side);  was  made  a  prisoner  at 
Chickamauga,  and  was  confined  (for  six  months  before  being  paroled)  in 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  175 

Pemberton  prison,  at  Richmond;  was  for  five  months  detailed  as  master 
of  ward  K  in  the  Richmond  Hospital;  while  on  parole,  served  as  nurse  in 
Benton  Barracks  Hospital,  at  St.  Louis,  until  expiration  of  term  of  ser 
vice,  where  he  gained  the  friendship  of  many  a  sick  or  wounded  comrade; 
was  honorably  discharged  in  the  fall  of  1864.  Comrade  Shoemaker  is  a 
member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


JAMES   W.  MORRISON. 

Was  born  in  Gallipolis,  Ohio,  October  i,  1842;  a  miner  by  occu 
pation.  Enlisted  on  the  26th  of  April,  1861,  in  the  2d  Iowa  Infantry,  and 
re-enlisting  in  the  Cavalry  served  as  a  private  until  the  i6th  of  May, 
1865,  the  date  of  honorable  discharge  from  the  service;  was  attached  to 
the  1 6th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  at  Fort  Donelson,  luka,  and  Nash 
ville;  was  wounded  in  right  ankle  by  a  musket-ball  at  Fort  Donelson, 
which  put  him  off  duty  for  three  months.  Comrade  Morrison  was  a  mem 
ber  of  Reynolds  Post,  No.  37,  the  headquarters  of  which  were  at  Wil 
mington;  recently  disbanded.  Present  residence  Stockton,  Cal. 

JOSEPH    M.  OWENS. 

Was  born  in  Minin  County,  Pa.,  January  24,  1824;  nas  been  a  car 
penter  and  farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  78th  Pennsylvania  Infantry, 
and  served  as  a  private;  was  with  General  Thomas  at  Nashville;  was 
badly  hurt  in  the  back  at  Nashville,  and,  although  permanently  injured, 
continued  in  the  performance  of  his  duties,  until  discharged  in  1865, 
when  the  army  was  disbanded.  Comrade  Owens  is  a  resident  of  Oakdale, 
Stanislaus  County,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of 
Stockton,  Cal. 

WILLIAM  E.  W.  ROSS. 

Past  Senior  Vice- Command er-in- Chief.  Born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  was  a 
civil  engineer  until  1863,  the  date  of  his  enlistment  in  the  loth  Maryland 
Infantry.  In  1864  joined  the  3ist  Regiment  of  U.  S.  colored  troops; 
was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Maryland  regiment,  and  lieutenant-colo 
nel  and  colonel  of  the  3ist  U.  S.  colored  troops,  being  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  in  1865  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services.  Served  in  the  ist 
Division,  2d  Brigade,  of  the  8th  Army  Corps,  and  in  2d  Brigade,  4th  Divi 
sion,  of  the  gth  Corps;  was  in  the  engagements  at  Petersburg,  Va.,  July 
30,  1864,  in  which  he  received  a  gunshot  wound  in  the  left  thigh  which 
resulted  in  the  loss  of  his  leg.  Comrade  Ross  is  a  member  of  Wilson 


176  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Post,  No.  i,  department  of  Maryland,  with  headquarters  at  Baltimore.  Is 
a  past  department  commander.  After  the  war  was  president  of  the 
Maryland  board  for  awarding  compensation  to  owners  of  enlisted  slaves; 
was  deputy  collector  of  internal  revenue  in  1866;  assistant  assessor  internal 
revenue  1867;  chief  assessor  1868  to  1872;  chief  clerk  in  naval  office, 
port  of  Baltimore,  1873  to  1881;  assistant  postmaster  1881  to  1885,  and  is 
at  present  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Baltimore. 


JOHN    HARTZOKE. 

Was  born  in  Switzerland  May  5,  1843;  ^s  a  cigar  manufacturer;  came 
to  America  when  eleven  years  old.  In  April,  1861,  enlisted  in  Company 
A  of  the  3d  Missouri  Infantry  (three  months'  service);  participated  in  the 
battle  of  Wilson's  Creek;  re -enlisted  in  October,  the  same  year,  in  Stuart's 
Cavalry;  but  before  organization  was  transferred,  January  i,  1862,  to  the 
navy,  and  served  on  board  the  United  States  gunboat  Pittsburg;  took 
part  in  the  bombardment  of  Fort  Donelson  and  Island  No.  10;  after 
which  was  discharged  for  physical  disability;  after  recovery  joined  the 
State  militia,  and  served  until  September,  1864,  the  date  of  re-enlistment 
in  the  4oth  Missouri  Regiment;  was  engaged  in  the  operations  against 
General  Price,  who  was  then  raiding  northern  Missouri;  after  Price's 
retreat  proceeded  to  Nashville,  and  was  present  at  the  battles  at  Franklin 
and  Nashville,  defeating  the  enemy;  pursued  and  harassed  him  for  four 
teen  da>s,  enduring  untold  hardships  and  privations — in  the  dead  of 
winter,  without  shoes  and  clothing,  and  obliged  to  live  on  corn  for  three 
weeks;  proceeded  thence  to  Mobile,  and  was  there  at  the  capture  of 
Spanish  Fort;  was  mustered  out  in  1865.  Went  to  Colorado  in  1866,  and 
took  miscellaneous  employment  until  1870,  when  he  went  to  San  Jose, 
Cal. ,  and  started  a  cigar  manufactory,  which  has  grown  to  be  the  largest 
establishment  of  its  kind  in  the  county,  having  a  liberal  patronage  in 
different  parts  of  the  State.  Comrade  Hartzoke  is  a  citizen  much 
esteemed  for  his  high  moral  character  and  enterprise,  and  is  an  honored 
member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  No.  42,  where  he  resides. 

ROBERT   KING   REID. 

A  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal.;  was  born  January  20,  1820,  at  Erie, 
Pa. ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  as  an  A.  B.  from  Jefferson 
College,  of  Pennsylvania,  in  1842,  and  received  the  degree  of  M.  D.  at  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1846;  was  for  six  years  the  chief  physician  and 
superintendent  of  the  Stockton  Insane  Asylum;  in  1858  visited  Europe 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  177 

and  inspected  all  the  great  schools  and  hospitals  of  England,  France, 
Germany,  and  Italy;  returned  to  America,  and  on  the  breaking  out  of  the 
Civil  War,  was  commissioned  surgeon  of  the  3d  California  Infantry,  Sep 
tember  10,  1861;  in  October,  1864,  was  transferred  to  the  ad  California 
Cavalry;  was  promoted  to  surgeon  of  U.  S.  Volunteers  with  rank  of  lieu 
tenant-colonel,  in  March,  1865;  served  in  all  for  five  years  as  surgeon  and 
medical  purveyor;  being  mustered  out  August  i,  1866,  when  he  retired 
from  the  active  practice  of  his  profession.  Comrade  Reid  is  a  member  of 
Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal. ,  of  which  he  is  post  surgeon;  is 
now  president  of  the  Stockton  National  Bank. 

PETER   MORRIS. 

Peter  Morris  was  born  in  France,  August  22,  1841;  in  early  life  a 
sailor;  since  the  war  has  been  a  teamster  at  Santa  Clara  and  Santa  Cruz. 
Left  his  home  in  France  when  eleven  years  old,  and  shipped  on  board  the 
Montabelo,  a  French  vessel,  and  sailed  under  the  French  flag  for  several 
years,  and  later  on  the  Vanseble,  an  American  ship.  In  1864  enlisted  and 
served  as  a  private  in  the  yyth  New  York  Volunteers,  attached  to  the  3d 
Brigade  and  2d  Division  of  the  6th  Army  Corps;  was  present  and  par 
ticipated  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Lucky  Hill,  St.  Johns  White 
House,  and  others;  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  being 
shot  in  the  leg,  and  on  the  yth  of  March,  1865,  lost  right  eye;  was  honor 
ably  discharged  from  the  sendee  July  16,  1865.  Comrade  Morris  is  a 
member  of  Wallace  Post,  No.  33,  with  headquarters  at  Santa  Cruz,  his 
place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM    CONDY. 

Was  born  in  Cornwall,  England,  May  i,  1829;  a  carpenter  by  trade; 
at  present  a  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal.  Enlisted  in  November,  1861,  in 
the  3d  California  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  musician;  was  on  detached 
service  on  mail  route  through  Utah,  Nevada,  etc.;  honorably  discharged 
in  spring  of  1863.  Is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  department  of 
California,  with  headquarters  at  his  place  of  residence. 

CYRUS   H.  HUBBARD. 

Was  born  February  22,  1841,  at  Poland,  Ohio;  is  by  occupation  a 
merchant;  enlisted  in  the  23d  Ohio  Infantry  June  n,  1861,  and  served  as 
private,  2d  lieutenant,  ist  lieutenant,  and  regimental  quartermaster,  com 
missions  bearing  date  of  July,  1864,  and  July  25th,  of  the  same  year; 

M 


178  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

served  in  the  ist  Brigade  Army  of  West  Virginia;  was  under  the  com 
mand  of  General  Rosecrans  at  the  battle  of  Carnifax  Ferry,  and  shared 
the  hardships,  battles,  triumphs,  and  reverses  of  his  regiment  during  the 
four  years  and  three  months  of  its  service;  took  part  in  General  Hunter's 
raid  on  Lynchburg  and  the  retreat  following;  was  captured  near  Win 
chester  and  imprisoned  about  a  month,  when  he  escaped  to  the  mountains 
north  of  Harrisburg  and  rejoined  his  command  in  time  to  be  present  at 
the  battle  of  Opequon  Creek;  commanded  a  company  at  that  battle,  also 
at  Fisher's  Hill  and  Cedar  Creek;  was  detailed  on  staff  of  General 
Devol  as  ordnance  officer  in  1864;  was  honorably  discharged  July  26, 
1865,  at  Cumberland,  Maryland.  Comrade  Hubbard  is  a  member  of  Sum- 
ner  Post,  No.  23  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  at  which  place  he  resides. 

STEVEN   SCHUETZ. 

Was  born  in  Switzerland,  November  4,  1837.  Is  a  saloon-keeper. 
Enlisted  April,  1864,  in  Company  B  of  the  4th  Missouri  Veteran  Regi 
ment,  and  served  as  a  private  in  the  Army  of  the  Southwest;  was  engaged 
in  several  skirmishes  on  the  frontier;  was  discharged  at  St.  Louis  in  the 
fall  of  1865.  Comrade  Schuetz  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  2,  at 
Butte,  Mon.,  his  place  of  residence. 

MOSES   A.  LUCE. 

Past  post  commander  of  Heintzelman  Post,  No.  33;  a  resident  of  San 
Diego,  Cal.;  was  born  in  Payson,  111.,  May  14,  1842;  is  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession.  Enlisted  in  Company  E  of  the  4th  Michigan  Infantry  May  16, 
1 86 1,  and  served  as  a  private  and  sergeant  with  the  renowned  Griffins' 
Second  Brigade,  First  Division,  of  the  5th  Army  Corps,  taking  part  in 
the  following  engagements:  Bull  Run,  New  Bridge,  Hanover  Court-house, 
Mechanicsville,  Games'  Mill,  Savage  Station,  Turkey  Bend,  White  Oak 
Swamp,  Malvern  Hill,  Second  Bull  Run,  United  States  Ford,  Chancel- 
lorsville,  Kelly's  Ford,  Ashby  Gap,  Brandy  Station,  Middleburg,  Get 
tysburg,  Williamsport,  Wapping  Heights,  Culpeper,  Bristol  Station,  Rap- 
pahannock  Station,  Mine  Run,  Wilderness,  Laurel  Hill,  Spottsylvania, 
North  Anna,  Tolopotomy  Creek,  Jericho  Mills,  Bethseda  Church,  Cold 
Harbor,  and  Petersburg,  "a  series  of  engagements  of  which  he  may  justly 
feel  proud ;  was  wounded  slightly  at  Spottsylvania  while  with  the 
forlorn  hope  in  the  assault  of  May  i2th;  was  mustered  out  June  24, 
1864,  at  expiration  of  term  of  service.  Comrade  Luce  was  the  first  com 
mander  of  Heintzelman  Post,  No.  33,  of  which  he  is  a  member.  After 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  179 

the  war  Mr.  Luce  returned  to  college,  which  he  had  left  at  his  country's 
first  call,  and  graduating  in  1866,  attended  the  Albany  Law  University, 
where  he  graduated  in  1867,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  the  law  at 
Bushnell,  111.,  in  1868;  was  city  attorney  two  terms;  candidate  for  State 
senator  in  1872;  removed  to  California  in  1873,  and  settled  at  San  Diego; 
was  elected  county  judge  in  1875,  and  served  until  the  new  constitution 
went  into  effect;  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  California  Southern 
Railroad  Company  in  1880,  and  has  been  and  is  now  a  director  and  the 
attorney  of  that  company. 

JAMES   B.  LOVELL   SUMMONS. 

Was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio ;  is  by  occupation  a  farmer  and  nursery 
man.  Enlisted  September  9,  1862,  in  the  i32d  New  York  Infantry,  and 
served  as  sergeant,  sergeant-major,  and  aid-de-camp;  was  attached  to 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  also  the  Army  of  the  Ohio,  with  General  Sher 
man;  was  in  the  battles  at  Bachelor's  Creek,  N.  C.,  and  various  other 
engagements  and  skirmishes,  about  twenty-five  in  all;  was  wounded  in 
right  eye,  had  the  entire  eyebrow  shot  away  while  serving  in  New  York 
city  during  the  riots;  was  discharged  in  June,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  W. 
R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  of  San  Bernardino,  Cal.  At  the  battle  of 
Bachelor' s  Creek  his  regiment  saved  New  Berne,  N .  C. ,  from  falling  into 
the  hands  of  the  enemy,  for  which,  by  order  of  President  Lincoln,  the 
name  of  the  battle  was  painted  on  the  regimental  colors.  Comrade  Sum 
mons,  at  the  risk  of  his  life,  saved  Lieutenant  A.  C.  Ryan,  who  was 
wounded,  from  falling  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  This  was  the  same 
Lieutenant  Ryan  who  was  captured  and  shot  in  Cuba  some  years  later, 
when  he  commanded  the  Virginius.  At  the  age  of  fifteen  young  Sum 
mons  ran  away  from  school  to  join  the  army,  and  enlisted  under  the  name 
of  James  B.  Lovell  to  avoid  being  found  and  brought  back  by  his  guard 
ian.  Came  to  California  in  1870,  and  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  at 
Riverside. 

HAMILTON    FAY. 

Senior  vice  commander  of  J.  F.  Reynolds  Post,  No.  98,  department  of 
California;  was  born  in  Muscatine,  la.,  December  3,  1841 ;  is  a  son  of  Plinny 
Fay,  who  was  a  prominent  and  respected  citizen  and  druggist  of  that  city. 
Enlisted,  September  18,  1862,  in  the  35th  Iowa  Infantry;  served  as  pri 
vate,  corporal,  and  sergeant;  was  attached  to  the  Seventeenth  Army 
Corps,  and  .took  part  in  the  battles  at  Vicksburg,  Port  Hudson,  Tupello, 
Shreveport,  Jackson,  Nashville,  Spanish  Fort  and  Mobile,  and  many 


180 

skirmishes;  was  slightly  wounded  in  the  side  by  a  ball  at  Vicksburg, 
while  on  skirmish  duty;  marched  in  different  parts  of  Illinois,  Missouri, 
Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Mississippi,  Louisiana,  Arkansas,  Alabama,  and 
Kansas,  covering  in  all  about  3,000  miles  of  marching,  under  the 
leadership  of  Generals  Grant,  Sherman,  Thomas,  Rosecrans,  Banks,  and 
Canby.  Comrade  Fay  is  at  present  a  resident  of  Santa  Cmz,  Cal. ,  where 
he  is  engaged  in  the  drug  business. 

GEORGE  W.   LONIGAN. 

Was  born  in  Harrison  County,  Ind.,  January  10,  1837;  has  been  a 
farmer  and  blacksmith.  Enlisted  in  Company  C  of  the  iyth  Indiana 
Regiment,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  Thomas'  i4th  Army 
Corps,  Reynolds'  division  and  Wilder' s  brigade;  took  part  in  the  engage 
ments  at  Greensborough,  Shiloh,  Corinth,  Hover's  Gap,  Chickamatiga, 
and  numerous  skirmishes;  was  in  the  pursuit  of  Morgan  at  Stone  River 
and  the  chase  of  Wheeler  and  Forrest;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the 
service  at  the  expiration  of  term  of  enlistment,  in  June,  1864.  Comrade 
Lonigan  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where 
he  resides. 

SIMON   HAUSWIRTH. 

Was  born  in  Berne,  Switzerland,  on  the  i6th  of  December,  1844;  has 
been  a  miner;  enlisted  December  7,  1863,  in  Company  C  of  the  35th 
Wisconsin  Regiment,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  detailed  as  bugler; 
was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  3d  Division,  igth  Army  Corps;  was  in 
the  battle  at  Spanish  Fort,  and  took  part  in  many  skirmishes;  in  June, 
1865,  went  with  his  regiment  to  Texas,  on  the  Mexican  frontier  at  the 
time  of  the  anticipated  trouble  with  Maximilian ;  was  honorably  discharged 
April  15,  1866.  Comrade  Hauswirth  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  2, 
of  Butte,  Mont.  Ty.,  where  he  resides. 

JESSE  D.    SEVERENS. 

Was  born  in  Beaver  County,  Pa.,  June  15,  1839,  and  is  by  occupa 
tion  a  farmer;  enlisted  in  Company  H  of  the  5th  Minnesota  Infantry  on 
the  1 5th  of  January,  1862;  re-enlisted  in  Company  H,  gth  Regiment 
of  Hancock's  ist  Veteran  Corps,  and  was  finally  discharged  in  the 
fall  of  1865;  served  as  a  'private  during  both  enlistments;  was  attached  to 
the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  i6th  Corps,  and  the  Eagle  Brigade;  was  pres 
ent  at  and  took  part  in  the  advance  on  Corinth,  and  the  battles  of  luka, 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  181 

Corinth,  and  at  the  siege  of  Vicksburg;  was  taken  prisoner  near  Camp 
Clear  Creek,  but  was  recaptured  by  the  federals  a  few  hours  afterwards; 
at  the  battle  of  Corinth  was  on  detached  guard  duty,  and  his  regiment 
retreated  without  him ;  however,  after  several  adventures,  he  succeeded  in 
rejoining  his  regiment  during  the  battle  of  the  next  day.  Comrade  Severens 
is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  with  headquarters  at  Stockton,  his 
place  of  residence. 

GEORGE   COHEN. 

A  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  was  born  in  Prussia  February  18,  1841; 
is  a  tailor  by  trade;  enlisted  in  October,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private  and 
as  orderly  for  General  Hooker;  was  attached  to  the  i2th  and  2oth  Army 
Corps;  was  in  the  battles  at  Seven  Forks,  Winchester,  Antietam,  Freder- 
icksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Resaca,  Dalton,  Missionary  Ridge, 
Lookout  Mountain,  and  Peach  Tree  Creek;  in  the  latter  engagement  was 
wounded  by  a  musket-ball  in  the  head,  and  taken  prisoner,  after  which  he 
enjoyed  the  hospitalities  of  Andersonville,  Florence,  Goldsborough,  and 
Milieu  prisons  until  March  i,  1865,  the  date  of  his  release;  was  mustered 
out  June  14,  1865.  Comrade  Cohen  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No. 
23,  of  Stockton,  Cal. 

J.  K.  McPHERSON. 

Was  born  in  Grant  County,  Wis.,  March  25,  1843,  an(^  nas  been 
engaged  in  various  occupations.  Enlisted  in  Company  K  of  the  6th  Min 
nesota  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private  and  corporal;  was  attached  to  the 
i6th  Army  Corps,  2d  Brigade,  and  3d  Division;  has  been  in  seventeen 
battles  with  the  Sioux  Indians,  and  at  Spanish  Fort  and  Fort  Blakely, 
Ala. ;  was  honorably  discharged  August  18,  1865.  Comrade  McPherson 
is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal. 


CHARLES   DEVENS. 

Was  born  April  4,  1820,  at  Charlestown,  Mass.,  and  is  by  profession 
a  lawyer;  has  been  judge  of  the  superior  court,  also  of  the  supreme  court, 
of  Massachusetts,  and  was  attorney-general  of  the  United  States  from 
March,  1877,  to  March,  1881 — Hayes'  administration.  Enlisted  April  19, 

1 86 1,  in  the  3d  Battalion  of  Massachusetts  Rifles,  and  served  as  major 
until  July  of  the  same  year,  the  date  of  his  promotion  to  the  colonelcy  of 
the  1 5th  Massachusetts  Regiment;  was  made  a  brigadier-general  in  April, 

1862,  and  brevetted  a  major-general  in  April,  1865,  for  gallantry  at  the 
taking  of  Richmond ;  served  in  the  5th,  4th,  loth,  i8th,  and  24th  Army  Corps; 


182       . 

was  in  all  of  the  principal  battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  except  those 
at  Gettysburg,  the  Wilderness,  and  Spottsylvania ;  was  wounded  at  Ball's 
Bluff  and  Fair  Oaks,  and  again  seriously  at  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville; 
was  in  command  at  Charleston,  S.  C.,  after  the  surrender  of  Richmond; 
and  was  discharged  from  the  service  in  July,  1866.  Comrade  Devens  is  a 
member  of  G.  H.  Ward  Post,  No.  10,  department  of  Massachusetts,  with 
headquarters  at  Worcester,  and  since  the  war  has  been  commander  of  the 
5th  Army  Corps  Association,  the  Army  of  the  James  Association,  Associ 
ation  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  twice  commander-in-chief  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  viz.,  in  1873  and  1874.  Such  an  array  of 
official  positions,  in  both  military  and  civil  life,  speak  louder  and  more 
forcibly  as  illustrative  of  the  confidence  and  appreciation  shown  by  his 
comrades  than  any  eulogy  of  a  biographer. 

CONSTANTINE   DIAMOND. 

Was  born  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  December  21,  1845;  a  sail°r  by  occu 
pation.  Enlisted  in  the  United  States  Navy  October  17,  1862,  and  re- 
enlisted  in  August,  1864;  served  as  landsman  and  ordinary  seaman,  his 
vessel  being  attached  to  the  West  Gulf  squadron  during  first  enlistment 
and  the  North  Atlantic  blockading  squadron  during  the  second;  was 
wounded  by  splinters  in  both  legs  and  other  parts  of  his  body  during  the 
engagement  at  Port  Hudson;  was  in  the  action  at  Donaldsonville,  and  took 
part  in  both  battles  at  Fort  Fisher;  was  finally  discharged  in  June,  1865. 
Comrade  Diamond  is  a  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  the  headquarters  of 
Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  which  he  is  a  member. 

A.  J.   BUCKLES. 

A  resident  of  Solano  County,  Cal. ;  was  born  in  1837.  Enlisted 
June  22,  1861,  as  a  private,  in  Company  E,  igth  Indiana  Infantry; 
re-enlisted  in  December,  1863,-  and  served  until  May  15,  1865,  the  date 
of  muster  out;  was  promoted  to  corporal  in  1862;  in  1863,  at  his  own 
request,  was  detailed  as  color-guard;  was  made  color- bearer  of  his  regi 
ment  on  the  battle-field  at  Gettysburg,  for  rescuing  the  flag  after  the 
color-bearer  had  been  shot  down;  in  December,  1863,  was  promoted  to 
duty  sergeant,  but  continued  as  color-bearer,  and  at  the  wilderness  was 
shot  through  the  body  while  carrying  the  flag;  after  the  consolidation  of 
the  i  gth  and  2Oth  Indiana  Regiments  was  made  orderly  sergeant,  and  on 
February  27,  1865,  was  commissioned  and  mustered  as  2d  lieutenant; 
was  present  and  took  part  in  the  following  engagements  in  Virginia: 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  183 

Lewinsville,  Leesburg,  Falmouth,  Rappahannock  Station,  Gainesville,, 
Bull  Run  (second),  Fredericksburg,  Fitzhugh's  Crossing,  Cliancellorsville, 
Mine  Run,  Wilderness,  Petersburg,  Hatcher's  Run,  and  Gettysburg,  Pa.; 
was  four  times  wounded — first,  at  Bull  Run,  a  gun-shot  wound  through 
right  thigh;  second,  at  Gettysburg,  shot  through  right  shoulder;  third, 
rifle-ball  through  the  body  at  the  Wilderness;  and  fourth,  shot  through 
right  knee  while  on  skirmish  line  at  Hatcher's  Run;  this  last  wound 
caused  amputation  of  the  leg  near  the  body.  Since  the  war  has  practiced 
law.  Came  to  California  in  1875;  was  elected  district  attorney  of  Solano 
County  in  September,  1879,  which  position  he  filled  with  marked  ability; 
was  re-elected,  and  served  for  five  years.  In  1884  was  elected  superior  judge, 
running  against  a  very  popular  man,  who  was  judge  at  the  time.  He  is 
now  one  of  the  most  popular  judges  in  his  State.  Comrade  Buckles  is  a 
member  of  Farragut  Post,  No.  4,  with  headquarters  at  Vallejo,  Cal. 

JOHN    PETERSON   DANA. 

Was  born  in  Denmark  March  14,  1824;  nas  been  a  sailor  and  a  cook. 
Enlisted  December  15,  1861,  in  the  5th  California  Infantry,  and  re-enlisted 
at  El  Paso,  Tex.,  February  2,  1865,  in  Company  E,  ist  Colored  Infantry, 
and  served  as  a  private  during  both  enlistments;  was  engaged  in  scouting 
and  fighting  the  Apache  Indians;  was  wounded  in  left  ankle  during  one 
of  these  battles  in  New  Mexico;  was  honorably  discharged  September, 
1866.  Comrade  Dana  is  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  No.  6,  at  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

AARON    PARKER. 

Was  born  at  Marlborough,  N.  H.,  August  17,  1833;  is  a  carpenter  by 
trade.  Enlisted  in  1861,  in  the  25th  Massachusetts  Infantry,  and  served 
as  a  corporal,  serving  in  the  gth  Army  Corps;  was  promoted  to  2d  lieu 
tenant  in  August,  1863,  was  assigned  to  the  36th  United  States  Regiment 
of  colored  troops;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Roanoke  Island,  New  Berne, 
N.  C.,  and  various  skirmishes;  was  honorably  discharged  April,  1864. 
Comrade  Parker  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal., 
where  he  resides. 

C.   H.   KEAGLE. 

Was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  September  9,  1843;  removed  to  Iowa  at 
the  age  of  thirteen;  lived  on  farm  until  enlistment  in  Company  B,  2oth 
Iowa  Infantry,  July  14,  1862;  served  as  a  private  until  discharged  July  8, 


184  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

1865;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Division,  i3th  Army  Corps,  and  participated 
in  the  engagements  at  Prairie  Grove,  Vicksburg,  Fort  Morgan,  Blakely, 
and  Mobile;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  July  8,  1865.  In 
1866  went  to  California;  farmed  and  clerked  until  1884,  when  he  was 
elected  county  treasurer  and  tax-collector,  which  position  he  now  holds. 
Comrade  Keagle  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides;  is  adjutant  of  his  post  and  department  aid-de-camp. 

WILLIAM   LOUDON, 

Of  Oakland,  Cal.,  was  born  in  Indiana,  May  4,  1843.  Enlisted  in  Com 
pany  C  of  the  ad  Illinois  Cavalry  at  Havana,  Ills.,  July  23,  1861,  and 
served  as  a  private,  was  on  detached  sendee  most  of  the  time;  was  in  the 
engagements  at  Merriweathers  Ferry,  Tenn.,  and  Holly  Springs,  Miss. ; 
was  slightly  wounded  in  right  side  in  the  first-named  battle  and  received 
a  spinal  injury  at  the  latter,  the  result  of  which  caused  paralysis  of  the  lower 
limbs;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Lagrange,  Tenn.,  March  31,  1863. 
Comrade  London  is  a  member  of  Custer  Post,  No.  6,  department  of  Kan 
sas,  with  headquarters  at  Leavenworth. 

J.  AUSTIN   SPERRY. 

Was  born  in  Springfield,  Illinois,  November  7,  1835;  a  blacksmith  by 
trade.  Enlisted  in  the  summer  of  1862  in  Company  K  of  the  25th 
Michigan  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  sergeant,  was  attached  to  the  western 
division;  was  in  the  battle  of  Tebbs  Bend  on  Green  River,  Tenn. ;  was  in 
the  hospital  at  Jeffersonville  at  the  time  of  Morgan's  raid,  and  although 
not  having  recovered  from  the  effects  of  a  broken  foot,  he  with  other 
invalids  volunteered  to  assist  in  driving  the  raider  from  the  State;  was 
honorably  discharged  on  account  of  physical  disability  in  June  1863. 
Comrade  Sperry  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal., 
where  he  resides. 

HENRY   ARMSTRONG. 

Comrade  Armstrong  was  born  in  Broadalbin,  Fulton  County,  N.  Y. ; 
a  farmer  by  occupation;  lived  in  Michigan  from  1855  to  the  breaking  out 
of  the  war.  Enlisted  in  the  yth  Michigan  Infantry  August  8,  1861;  was 
corporal  of  his  company,  and  served  in  Dana's  Brigade,  Sedgwick's 
Division,  2d  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Ball's  Bluff,  Yorktown, 
Brick  House  Landing,  Fair  Oaks,  Savage  Station,  White  Oak  Swamp, 
Nelson's  Farm,  Malvern  Hill,  and  Antietam;  was  wounded  in  the  latter 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  185 

engagement;  was  discharged  from  the  service  at  Philadelphia,  February 
6,  1863.  Re-enlisted  February  15,  1864,  in  the  aad  Michigan  Infantry, 
and  was  with  Sherman's  command  from  Chattanooga  to  Jonesborough, 
Ga. ;  was  mustered  out  at  Detroit,  Mich.,  September  6,  1865.  Came  to 
California  in  1873,  and  is  at  present  a  resident  of  Williams,  Cal.;  is  a 
member  of  Williamsburg  Post,  No.  116. 

TULLY   A.  OGDEN. 

Was  born  in  Norway,  on  July  12,  1841;  is  a  miner.  Enlisted  August 
1 6,  1861,  in  Company  E,  yth  Wisconsin  Infantry;  re-enlisted  in  Company 
C  of  the  2d  California  Infantry;  served  as  a  private  during  both  enlist 
ments;  was  attached  to  what  was  known  as  the  Cast  Iron  Brigade,  and 
took  part  in  the  battles  at  Gainesville,  South  Mountain,  Ai;tietam,  Cedar 
Mountain,  Wliite  Sulphur  Springs,  Va.,  Second  Bull  Run,  Catlett  Station, 
Chantello,  Hay  Market,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  etc.  Comrade 
Ogden  is  a  member  of  Heintzelman  Post,  No.  33,  of  San  Diego,  Cal., 
where  he  resides;  was  honorably  discharged  on  account  of  disability  in 
1863,  and  finally  after  second  enlistment  in  May,  1866. 

EDWARD   K.  RUSSELL. 

Commander  of  Appomattox  Post,  No.  50,  department  of  California, 
with  headquarters  at  Oakland,  Cal. ,  of  which  city  he  is  at  present  a  resi 
dent;  a  grainer  by  occupation.  He  enlisted  in  June,  1861,  in  the  2d 
Battery  of  the  Massachusetts  Light  Artillery,  and  served  successively  as 
private,  corporal,  sergeant,  ist  sergeant,  2d  lieutenant,  ist  lieutenant, 
captain,  and  inspector  of  artillery;  was  attached  to  the  i9th  Army  Corps, 
and  served  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf;  was  in  the  following  engage 
ments:  Vicksburg,  Baton  Rouge,  Vermillion  Bayou,  Port  Hudson,  Sabine 
Cross-roads,  Pleasant  Hill,  Cane  River,  Yellow  Bayou,  Fort  Morgan,  and 
others.  Comrade  Russell's  promotions  were  gradual.  He  mounted  step  by 
step,  thus  passing,  by  his  own  work,  from  one  grade  to  another,  as  shown 
by  the  dates  of  his  commissions,  as  follows:  2d  lieutenant,  2d  Battery, 
Massachusetts  Light  Artillery,  October  22,  1862;  ist  lieutenant,  6th  Bat 
tery,  Massachusetts  Light  Artillery,  October  3,  1863,  and  captain  of  the 
same  battery  December  13,  1864;  was  detailed  as  assistant  inspector  of 
artillery  February  13,  1864,  and  served  as  such  through  the  Red  River 
expedition,  and  on  September  i,  1864,  was  by  special  orders  announced 
as  inspector  of  artillery  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf.  Served  under 
General  Arnold  at  the  siege  and  fall  of  Fort  Morgan,  after  which,  being 


186 

commissioned  as  captain  of  his  company,  he  was,  at  his  own  request, 
relieved  as  inspector,  and  took  active  command,  and  so  remained  until 
mustered  out  at  Reedville,  Mass.,  on  the  yth  of  August,  1865,  showing  a 
service  of  over  four  years.  Captain  Russell  received  honorable  mention 
in  reports,  besides  many  complimentary  testimonials  from  officers  under 
whom  he  served.  Comrade  Russell  was  married  before  the  war;  his  wife 
is  at  present  the  department  president  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps  of 
California.  They  have  two  children,  a  son  and  a  daughter,  and  it  is  safe 
to  assume  that  they  intend  they  shall  be  so  reared  as  to  fully  understand 
the  meaning  of  fraternity,  charity,  and  loyalty. 

T.   OTTO. 

Was  born  in  Naples,  Ontario  County,  N.  Y.,  November  20,  1845; 
was  on  a  farm  until  fifteen  years  of  age;  was  twenty  years  a  barber  in 
Fresco tt,  A.  Ty.,  and  is  now  a  money-lender  in  the  same  place.  Enlisted 
May  15,  1861,  in  Battery  I,  4th  U.  S.  Artillery,  and  served  as  a  private, 
his  battery  being  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  of  the  i4th 
Army  Corps,  known  as  ' '  Pap  Thomas'  commands, ' '  participating  in  the 
engagements  at  Carnifex  Ferry,  W.  Va.,  Rich  Mountain,  Perry ville,  Ky., 
Chickamauga,  and  others  of  less  magnitude;  was  honorably  discharged 
May,  1864.  Comrade  Otto  is  a  member  of  Barrett  Post,  No.  62,  depart 
ment  of  California,  located  at  Prescott,  A.  Ty. 

ELMORE   C.    LYON. 

A  native  of  Illinois,  born  March  18,  1848;  has^een  a  farmer  all  his 
life;  enlisted  in  Company  E,  2d  Minnesota  Cavalry,  on  the  nth  of  Decem 
ber,  1863,  and  served  as  a  private  under  General  Shelley;  was  engaged  in 
looking  out  for  the  Indians  at  Fort  Ridgley,  Minn.,  and  in  Dakota.  Com 
rade  Lyon  is  a  member  of  Heintzelman  Post,  No.  33,  department  of 
California,  with  post  headquarters  at  San  Diego,  his  present  place  of  resi 
dence.  Was  honorably  discharged  on  the  22d  of  November,  1865. 

WILLIAM   H.    ROBERTS. 

Was  born  near  Toronto,  Canada  West,  in  1838;  has  been  a  clerk, 
teacher  of  instrumental  music,  and  associated  press  reporter;  enlisted  in 
Company  K,  2d  California  Infantry,  January  8,  1864,  and  served  as  pri 
vate,  corporal,  sergeant,  and  battalion  sergeant-major;  is  a  member  of 
the  above-named  post,  the  headquarters  of  which  are  at  Olympia,  W.  Ty., 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  187 

his  present  place  of  residence;  comrade  Roberts  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1862,  and  proceeding  to  Virginia  City,  Mon.  Ty.,  was  one  of  the 
first  miners  to  take  up  a  claim  in  that  vicinity;  came  to  California  in  1863 
and  enlisted,  as  previously  stated;  was  stationed  at  the  Presidio  of  San 
Francisco  until  August,  ,1865;  after  that  at  Fort  Goodwin,  in  Arizona; 
was  a  professor  of  music  in  San  Francisco  until  1871,  when  he  proceeded 
to  and  settled  in  Olympia,  W.  Ty. ;  in  1880  was  appointed  chief  clerk  in 
the  customs  department  at  Port  Townseiid,  from  which  place  he  returned 
to  Olympia  to  act  as  legislative  correspondent  for  the  Oregonian  and  asso 
ciated  press;  in  1882  was  appointed  deputy  collector  of  internal  revenue, 
after  which,  was  engaged  in  the  newspaper  business;  is  at  present  deputy 
clerk  of  the  U.  S.  district  court  at  Olympia.  Comrade  Roberts  first  joined 
the  G.  A.  R.  under  the  old  organization  in  San  Francisco,  1868,  and  his 
present  post,  G.  H.  Thomas  No.  5,  located  at  Olympia,  in  1882;  has 
been  adjutant  junior  past  commander,  and  a  member  of  the  council  of 
administration  of  his  department.  While  located  in  Arizona  Mr.  Roberts 
compiled  a  complete  (and  the  first  known)  dictionary  of  the  Pinalero 
Apache  language,  which  was  unfortunately  lost  in  transit  to  the  war 
department. 

WILLIAM   C.    HYDE. 

This  comrade  was  born  at  Milton,  Carbon  County,  Pa.,  February  17, 
1846;  a  blacksmith  by  trade;  enlisted  in  May,  1862,  in  Company  H,  12 5th 
New  York  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  promoted  to  the  grade 
of  ist  lieutenant  in  the  fall  of  1864;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Division 
and  2d  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  twenty-two  engagements  and  skir 
mishes;  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  surrender  of  Harper's  Ferry,  but  was 
exchanged  about  three  months  afterwards;  was  at  Gettysburg  and  Mine 
Run,  and  went  from  Brandy  station  through  the  Wilderness,  by  way 
of  Cold  Harbor,  to  the  siege  of  Petersburg  and  Burnside's  mine  explo 
sion;  was  honorably  discharged  in  the  spring  of  1865.  Comrade  Hyde 
is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  his  place  of  resi 
dence. 

H.  V.  HOAGLAND. 

Past  commander  of  Farragut  Post,  No.  25,  department  of  Nebraska, 
with  post  headquarters  at  Lincoln,  and  secretary  of  the  Association  of  Illi 
nois  Soldiers  and  Sailors  in  Nebraska ;  a  resident  of  Waverly,  in  that  State ; 
was  born  in  Somerset  County,  N.  J. ;  is  a  dealer  in  lumber.  Enlisted 
July  25,  1861,  in  Company  F,  Seventh  Illinois  Infantry;  was  a  non 
commissioned  officer  and  color-guard;  served  with  C.  F.  Smith's  division 


188  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

at  Donelson  and  Shiloh,  and  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  of  the  i6th 
Army  Corps  at  Corinth;  afterward  4th  Division,  I5th  Army  Corps;  his 
regiment  was  mounted,  and  acted  as  advance  guard  of  the  i5th  Army 
Corps  in  Georgia  and  South  Carolina  campaigns  (armed  with  Henry  rifles); 
took  part  in  the  following  hard-fought  battles:  Fort  Henry,  Fort  Don 
elson,  Shiloh,  Corinth,  Town  Creek,  siege  of  Corinth,  Alatoona,  Rome 
(Ga.),  Savannah,  Columbia  (S.  C.),  and  Bentonville;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  from  the  service  July  9,  1865. 


GUSTAVUS  HARGESHEIMER. 

Born  December  i,  1844,  at  Oldenburg,  Germany;  has  been  and  is 
now  a  pharmacist.  At  the  age  of  17,  in  1861,  ran  away  from  home,  and 
enlisted  June  i7th  in  Company  E  of  the  24th  Illinois  Infantry,  and  served 
as  private,  corporal,  and  acting  orderly  sergeant  until  August,  1864,  tne 
date  of  honorable  discharge.  During  this  time  was  attached  to  the  3d 
Brigade  and  ist  Division  of  the  i4th  Army  Corps,  taking  part  in  the 
battles  at  Perryville,  Ky.,  Murfreesboro,  Chickamauga,  Chattanooga, 
Missionary  Ridge,  Resaca,  and  numerous  skirmishes,  escaping  without  a 
scratch.  Returning  to  Chicago,  he  found  that  his  father  had  died,  and 
his  property,  which  amounted  to  considerable,  was  missing.  So  young 
Hargesheimer  had  to  start  in  life  for  himself  with  $100  (his  bounty)  as 
capital.  Success  has  crowned  his  efforts.  Comrade  Hargesheimer  is  an 
enthusiastic  member  of  Custer  Post,  No.  44,  department  of  Minnesota; 
has  been  quartermaster  of  his  post;  is  a  resident  of  Rochester,  Minn.,  the 
headquarters  of  his  post. 

RIO    D.    BARBER. 

Comrade  Barber  was  born  November  22,  1838;  is  a  physician  and 
surgeon.  On  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  he  left  the  university  and 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  C  of  the  85th  New  York  Regiment, 
which  was  assigned  to  Palmer's  Brigade,  Keyes'  4th  Corps,  Army  of 
the  Potomac;  was  present  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  and  took  part  in  the 
battles  of  Fair  Oaks,  White  Oak  Swamp  Crossing,  seven  days'  fight 
before  Richmond,  Kingston  (N.  C.),  capture  of  Fort  Wagner,  and  the 
siege  of  Forts  Sumter  and  Olustee ;  was  the  first  to  cross  the  Chickahominy 
in  the  advance  on  Richmond;  was  in  the  front  line,  which  sustained  the 
overwhelming  advance  of  Hill  and  Longstreet's  divisions,  at  Fair  Oaks; 
was  in  several  skirmishes  while  out  on  raids.  This  regiment  was  captured 
at  Plymouth,  N.  C.;  but,  fortunately,  just  before  the  capture,  Mr.  Barber 
was  detailed  as  a  clerk  in  the  medical  director's  department,  and  thus 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  189 

escaped  capture  and  imprisonment  with  his  comrades  at  Andersonville ;  was 
now  assigned  to  Colonel  Beecher's  regiment  (the  ist  United  States  Colored 
Volunteers,  afterward  numbered  the  35th  United  States  Colored  Troops), 
where  he  served  as  hospital  steward.  This  regiment  covered  itself  with 
glory  in  the  battle  of  Olustee,  Fla.  Comrade  Barber  was  mustered  out 
of  the  service,  at  expiration  of  enlistment,  in  September,  1864.  Entered 
the  medical  department  of  Howard  University  in  November,  1864,  and 
graduated  in  March,  1865;  has  practiced  his  profession  in  Minnesota  for 
seventeen  years.  Is  a  member  of  Stoddard  Post,  No.  34,  Department  of 
Minnesota,  and  is  a  past  commander  of  his  post,  and  surgeon  of  the  post 
for  fourteen  years;  was  medical  director  of  his  department  for  two  terms 
under  the  old  organization ;  has  been,  for  six  years,  a  trustee  of  the  Sol 
diers'  Orphans'  Home  in  his  State ;  was,  for  six  years,  judge  of  probate  of 
his  county;  five  years  postmaster  of  his  place  of  residence;  is  secretary 
of  the  board  of  examining  surgeons  at  Worthington,  where  he  resides;  is 
a  member  and  vice-president  of  the  Minnesota  Medical  Society  and  a 
member  of  the  American  Medical  Association,  having  been  a  delegate 
from  the  State  society  to  the  last  meeting  of  the  association  at  St. 
Louis,  Mo. 

WILLIAM  R.  ALEXANDER. 

A  member  of  Colonel  Whipple  Post,  No.  49,  department  of  Califor 
nia,  the  .headquarters  of  which  are  at  Eureka,  Humboldt  County,  Cal. ;  at 
present  a  resident  of  Blue  Lake,  in  the  above  county.  Was  born  in 
Enniskillen,  County  Fermanagh,  Ireland,  and  is  by  occupation  an  express 
man.  Enlisted  in  the  39th  New  Jersey  Volunteers,  September  5,  1864, 
and  served  as  a  private,  his  regiment  being  attached  to  the  gth  Army 
Corps,  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  with  which  he  participated  in  the  follow 
ing  battles  :  Hatcher's  Run,  Weldon  Railroad,  capture  of  Petersburg,  and 
those  at  the  close  of  the  Rebellion;  was  mustered  out  June  17,  1865. 

•      B.   I.   MADSEN. 

Was  born  in  Norway,  August  14,  1840;  has  been  a  clerk.  Enlisted 
October  i,  1861,  in  the  i5th  Wisconsin  Regiment,  and  served  as  a  ser 
geant;  was  attached  to  the  2Oth  Corps,  ad  Division  and  3d  Brigade;  was 
commissioned  November  16,  1861,  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  State  militia  of 
Wisconsin;  was  in  the  battles  at  Island  No.  10,  Perry ville,  Lancaster, 
Stone  River,  Liberty  Gap,  Chickamauga,  and  others;  served  through  all 
the  campaigns  in  Tennessee,  Missouri,  Alabama,  and  Kentucky;  was  taken 
prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  but  was  recaptured  on  the  field;  at 


190  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  battle  of  Chickamanga  was  again  made  a  prisoner,  and  was  confined 
two  months  in  Liboy  Prison,  five  months  in  Danville,  and  seven  months 
in  Andersonville,  making  in  all  a  fourteen  months'  visit  with  the  Confed 
erates;  was  exchanged  in  November,  1864,  since  which  time  comrade 
Madsen  has  been  a  physical  wreck,  the  result  of  starvation  and  hardships 
imposed  by  his  captors.  Comrade  Madsen  is  a  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal. , 
at  which  place  he  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23. 

HENRY   A.    CASTLE. 

Past  department  commander  of  Minnesota;  was  born  near  Quincy,  111., 
August  22,  1841,  and  is  by  occupation  a  journalist.  Enlisted  August  18, 
1862,  in  the  73d  Illinois  Infantry,  and  served  until  September  24,  1864, 
the  date  of  honorable  discharge,  as  private,  sergeant-major,  and  captain, 
his  commission  in  the  i37th  Illinois  Infantry  bearing  date  of  May  20, 
1864;  was  attached  to  the  i4th  Army  Corps,  Sheridan's  division;  was  in 
the  engagements  at  Stone  River  and  at  Memphis;  was  wounded  in  left 
hand  at  the  first-mentioned  battle.  Is  a  member  of  Acker  Post,  No.  21, 
department  of  Minnesota,  with  headquarters  at  St.  Paul,  of  which  place 
he  is  a  resident.  Comrade  Castle  entered  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic 
in  1866,  and  was  commander  of  his  post  in  1870-71,  and  department 
commander  of  Minnesota  in  1872,  1873,  and  1874;  has  held  various  posi 
tions  on  the  department  and  national  staff;  was  a  member  of  the  Minnesota 
Legislature  in  1873;  adjutant-general  of  his  State  in  1875-76;  member 
board  of  trustees  of  Minnesota  Soldiers'  Orphans'  Home  1870  to  1878; 
editor-in-chief  of  the  St.  Paul  Daily  Dispatch  1876  to  1885,  and  State  oil 
inspector  1883  to  1886. 

RANSFORD   SMITH. 

Past  department  commander  of  Utah;  was  born  January  17,  1834,  at 
Oxford,  Butler  County,  Ohio;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession.  Enlisted  in  the 
35th  Ohio  Infantry  on  July  20,  1861,  as  a  private;  was  promoted  to  ist 
lieutenant  in  the  following  August  and  in  June  of  the  next  year  to  cap 
tain;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  of  the  i4th  Army  Corps; 
was  in  the  engagements  at  Mills  Spring,  acting  as  aid-de-camp  to  Colonel 
McCook,  who  commanded  a  brigade;  in  skirmish  at  Pea  Ridge,  Tenn., 
siege  of  Corinth,  skirmish  before  Corinth,  May  17,  1862,  another  one  at 
Springfield  with  Bragg's  rear  guard,  battle  at  Perryville,  skirmish  at  Spring 
Hill,  Tenn.,  with  Van  Dorn's  Cavalry,  and  one  at  Horpith  River,  Tenn., 
March  20,  1863;  resigned  from  the  army  March  23,  1863.  Comrade 
Smith  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  at  Ogden,  Utah,  in  April,  1881;  is  a  member 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  191 

of  J.  A.  Dix  Post,  No.  3.  In  addition  to  being  a  past  department 
commander,  he  has  been  post  adjutant,  past  chaplain,  and  past  commander. 
Captain  Smith  is  a  graduate  of  Miomi  University  of  Oxford,  Ohio,  class 
of  1855;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1856;  was  elected  mayor  of  Hamilton, 
Ohio,  in  April,  1859;  was  a  delegate  from  Utah  to  the  National  Demo 
cratic  Convention  at  Chicago  in  July,  1884,  and  was  the  candidate  of  the 
non-Mormons  for  delegate  to  the  49th  Congress. 


LEWIS   DURETT. 

Was  born  February  3,  1833,  at  Keysville,  N.  Y. ;  has  been  a  sailor, 
mason,  hostler,  and  soldier,  and  is  at  present  a  farmer.  Enlisted  Septem 
ber  13,  1862,  in  the  27th  Michigan  Infantry,  Company  F,  as  private,  and 
served  as  such  until  July  22,  1865,  the  date  of  his  discharge;  was  attached 
to  the  ist,  2d,  3d,  and  9th  Army  Corps,  and  was  in  the  engagements  at 
Vicksburg,  Jackson,  Miss.,  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  Blue  Springs,  Petersburg, 
Cold  Harbor,  and  the  Wilderness;  was  wounded  in  left  hip  in  Tennessee, 
and  ruptered  vein  in  left  leg  at  Petersburg,  Va.  Comrade  Durett  joined 
Anderson  Post,  No.  32,  at  York,  Neb.,  and  is  now  a  member  of  Addison 
Post,  No.  121,  of  San  Jacinto,  Cal. ;  has  been  assistant  quartermaster  of 
his  post  at  his  place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM   TRAVIS. 

WTilliam  Travis  at  present  a  resident  of  Upper  Lake,  California,  a 
comrade  of  Gaylord  Post,  was  born  in  Brooklyn,  New  York;  a  teamster 
by  occupation;  he  joined  the  yth  California  Volunteer  Cavalry  in  1864, 
and  performed  the  duty  of  teamster  with  his  regiment;  was  in  the  battles 
of  Black  Rock  and  Kings  River,  and  was  twice  wounded  in  left  leg;  was 
honorably  discharged  from  the  service  in  1865. 

'MILAN   H.  SESSIONS/ 

Born  in  Randolph,  Vt,  December  4,  1821;  a  lawyer  by  profession. 
Enlisted  in  Company  G,  2 ist  Wisconsin  Infantry,  which  company  he  raised, 
enlisting  eighty-seven  of  his  men  in  one  day;  was  commissioned  captain  of 
his  company  August  26,  1862;  was  assigned  to  the  28th  Brigade  of  the 
1 4th  Army  Corps;  was  present  and  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Perry ville 
in  October,  1862,  and  at  Murfreesboro  in  December,  1863;  was  discharged 
from  the  service  March  29,  1864.  Comrade  Sessions  is  a  member  and  is 
the  present  commander  of  L.  P.  Plummer  Post,  No.  50,  department  of 


192  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Minnesota,  with  headquarters  at  Minneapolis.  He  was  elected  to  the 
senate  in  the  State  of  Wisconsin  for  the  years  1865-66,  and  to  the  house 
of  representatives  in  1869.  In  April,  1871,  moved  to  Lincoln,  Neb.;  in 
1873  was  speaker  of  the  honse  of  representatives  of  that  State;  was  also 
a  member  of  the  house  in  1879  an(^  in  1881.  In  1884  moved  to  Minne 
apolis,  Minn.;  in  1885  was  a  delegate  from  department  of  Minnesota  to 
the  national  encampment  at  Portland,  Me. 

W.    S.    PETERS. 

Born  in  Pekin,  Ills.,  April  24,  1838;  has  been  a  farmer  and  team 
ster;  enlisted  January  i,  1864,  in  Company  F  of  the  nth  Kansas  Cav 
alry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  present  at  and  took  part  in  second 
battle  of  Lexington  and  Independence;  served  on  Missouri  and  Kansas  line 
fighting  guerrillas  and  Indian  fighting  in  the  Rocky  Mountains;  was  hon 
orably  discharged  August  30,  1865.  Comrade  Peters  is  a  member  of 
Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  department  of  California,  the  headquarters  of  which 
are  at  Stockton,  his  place  of  residence. 

CHARLES    ADOLPH. 

Was  born  September  18,  1848,  at  Wurtemberg,  Germany,  and  has 
been  by  occupation  a  laborer;  is  at  present  a  hotel  and  restaurant-keeper  at 
Nevada  City,  California,  his  place  of  residence;  enlisted  in  the  i7th  New 
York  Infantry,  July  17,  1863,  and  served  as  a  private  until  July  18,  1865, 
the  date  of  his  discharge;  was  in  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division  and  141x1 
Army  Corps  and  took  part  in  several  battles  in  the  West;  could  not  talk 
English  at  that  time ;  was  wounded  slightly  in  the  back  with  a  piece  of 
shell  during  one  of  the  battles  in  which  his  regiment  was  engaged.  Com 
rade  Adolph  is  a  member  of  Chattanooga  Post,  No.  115,  department  of 
California,  the  headquarters  of  which  are  located  at  Nevada  City,  Cal. 

J.  NEWTON   TERRILL. 

Was  born  in  Westfield,  N.  J. ,  and  is  by  occupation  a  grocer.  Enlisted 
in  Company  K  of  the  i4th  New  Jersey  Volunteers,  and  served  as  sergeant; 
was  attached  to  the  3d  Division  and  3d  Army  Corps,  and  later  on  to  the 
3d  Division  of  the  6th  Corps;  took  part  in  thirty- two  engagements  and 
skirmishes,  prominent  among  which  were  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness, 
Spotsylvania,  Cold  Harbor,  and  Petersburg;  was  wounded  in  the  hand  at 
Monocacy,  Md. ;  was  mustered  out  July  2,  1865.  Comrade  Terrill  is  the 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  193 

historian  of  his  regiment,  having  written  and  published  a  complete 
account  of  the  services,  etc.,  of  the  i4th  New  Jersey  Volunteers.  Is  a 
member  of  Kearney  Janeway  Post,  No.  15,  department  of  New  Jersey, 
with  headquarters  at  New  Brunswick,  his  present  place  of  residence. 

EDWARD   S.    FREY. 

At  present  a  resident  of  Farmington,  Cal. ;  was  born  in  Delaware 
County,  Ohio,  July  22,  1843;  ig  a  farmer;  enlisted  in  Company  C  of  the 
1 5th  Iowa  Regiment  in  January,  1863,  and  served  as  a  private ;  was  attached 
to  the  i  yth  Army  Corps,  4th  Division  and  3d  Brigade ;  took  part  in  the 
battles  of  Shiloh,  siege  of  Corinth,  luka,  battle  of  Corinth,  Holly  Springs, 
Grand  Gulf,  Raymond,  Champion  Hill,  Black  River  Bridge,  Vicksburg, 
Kenesaw  Mountain,  and  Atlanta;  was  with  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the 
sea  and  to  Washington;  was  mustered  out  in  July,  1865.  Comrade  Frey 
is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal. 

FELIX   M.  WHEAT. 

Born  in  Jefferson  County,  Ind.,  December  n,  1842,  occupation  in 
early  life  that  of  a  farmer,  having  since  retired  from  business.  Enlisted 
May  14,  1864,  in  the  1 36th  Illinois  Infantry,  as  private;  was  attached  to 
the  Army  of  the  Cumberland.  Is  a  member  of  Alexander  Post,  No.  89, 
department  of  Illinois.  Was  mustered  out  of  service  in  December,  1864. 

EDMUND  C.  WHITNEY. 

Was  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  December  29,  1835;  was  educated  in  the 
grammar  and  Franklin  schools  of  that  city  and  the  New  England  Normal 
Institute  then  at  Lancaster;  declining  a  commission  as  lieutenant  tendered 
him  by  Governor  Andrews,  of  Massachusetts,  in  September,  1862,  enlisted 
as  a  private  in  Company  I,  53d  Massachusetts  Volunteers;  on  the  arrival 
of  the  regiment  at  New  York  an  -infectious  disease  having  broken  out,  he 
with  others  was  detailed  in  the  quartermaster's  department  and  sent  to  the 
transport  Montibello;  contimied  on  this  vessel  for  five  trips  from  New 
York  to  southern  ports,  with  stores  and  troops;  was  then  ordered  to  duty 
in  same  department  at  quarantine  station  in  the  lower  Mississippi,  and 
afterwards  at  New  Orleans  under  General  Butler,  the  regiment  being 
camped  at  Carrollton,  a  short  distance  outside  the  city;  it  belonged  to  the 
3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  igth  Army  Corps.  Comrade  WThitney  rejoined  his 
regiment  and  took  part  with  it  in  the  Red  River  campaign  under  General 

N 


194  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Banks,  and  in  the  battles  of  Brashear  City,  Fort  Bisland,  Franklin,  La., 
Bayou  Sara,  Port  Hudson,  Baton  Rouge,  and  Fort  Butler,  served  as  a 
private,  corporal,  sergeant,  sergeant-major,  and  was  appointed  lieutenant. 
During  all  the  battles  before  Port  Hudson  he  served  on  the  staff  of  General 
J.  W.  Kimball,  and  in  the  memorable  assault  upon  the  works  June  14, 
1863,  had  eight  rifle-balls  through  his  clothing  and  was  shot  in  the  right 
arm.  In  this  battle,  though  wounded,  Lieutenant  Whitney  with  knife- 
blades  probed  for  and  extracted  a  round  ball  from  the  head  of  Sergeant 
Hitchcock  (General  Kimball's  orderly)  which  had  entered  at  the  right 
eye;  both  remained  on  the  field  till  night.  His  acting  adjutant's  report 
of  the  morning  showed  86  men  killed  or  severely  wounded  out  of  165  men 
in  eight  companies  of  his  regiment;  there  was  but  one  unharmed  com 
missioned  officer  to  lead  the  regiment  from  the  field.  At  Fort  Butler 
Lieutenant  Whitney,  having  been  prostrated  with  sunstroke,  was  attacked 
with  malarial  fever  and  was  sent  home,  where  he  suffered  six  weeks  of 
dreadful  sickness  and  afterwards  a  whole  year  of  fever  and  ague;  was  dis 
charged  from  the  service  September  i,  1863,  on  surgeon's  certificate  of 
disability;  on  his  recovery  sufficient  to  be  able  to  resume  work  accepted  a 
call  to  Marlboro,  Mass.,  to  assume  charge  of  the  saving's  bank  and 
organize  a  national  bank;  served  as  cashier  and  treasurer  for  nineteen 
years,  when  he  was  called  to  Boston,  where  he  is  cashier  of  the  Lincoln 
National  Bank;  in  Marlboro  was  senior  vice-commander  and  commander 
of  John  A.  Rawlins  Post,  No.  43,  G.  A.  R. ,  five  years  captain  of  Com 
pany  E,  6th  Massachusetts  National  Guard,  chief  engineer  of  the  fire 
department  three  years,  and  selectman;  is  a  member  of  Ben  Stone,  Jr., 
Post  at  Dorchester,  Mass. ,  his  place  of  residence;  is  at  present  junior  vice- 
commander  of  the  department  of  Massachusetts. 

ABNER  WT.    FLETCHER. 

Was  born  at  Dixmont,  Penobscot  County,  Me.,  April  18,  1834;  after 
attending  the  academies  at  Corinna,  Hartland,  and  Skowbegan,  Me.,  he 
engaged  in  school-teaching.  In  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  he  and  three 
brothers  took  an  active  part,  having  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  A, 
26th  Maine  Infantry,  September  10,  1862;  three  days  later  was  commis 
sioned  its  captain.  In  the  battle  of  Irish  Bend,  La.,  April  14,  1863,  in  a 
close  infantry  fight  he  led  the  vanguard  of  three  companies,  and,  besides 
losing  one-third  of  his  men,  was  himself  injured  by  a  gunshot  wound  in 
his  right  leg.  During  the  three  days  fighting  on  Bayou  Teche,  La.,  he 
and  twenty-one  of  the  thirty  men  in  his  company  were  struck  by  Confed 
erate  bullets,  though  not  all  disabled.  Afterwards  participated  in  the 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  195 

battles  of  Shell  Banks,  Brashear  City,  Bayou  LaFourche,  Port  Hudson, 
and  the  Red  River  expedition;  mustered  out  of  service,  at  Bangor,  Me., 
August  17,  1863.  Captain  Fletcher  is  a  lumberman,  and  is  located  at 
Burnham,  Waldo  County,  Me. ;  has  held  the  local  offices  of  selectman, 
supervisor  of  schools,  and  trial  justice;  is  a  member  of  Calvin  F.  Pilley 
Post,  No.  35,  department  of  Maine,  G.  A.  R.,  of  which  he  is  a  past  com 
mander;  has  also  served  as  aid-de-camp  on  the  department  staff,  and  was 
a  delegate  to  the  twentieth  national  encampment,  which  met  at  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  in  August,  1886. 

JOHN    HENRY    LIBBEN. 

Was  born  in  Frieburg,  in  the  mining  district  of  the  kingdom  of  Sax 
ony,  March  27,  1837;  came  to  America  in  1854,  and  learned  the  trade  of 
carpenter.  Enlisted  in  Battery  M,  2d  U.  S.  Artillery,  March  27,  1861, 
and  served  as  a  private;  the  battery,  as  field  artillery,  was  attached  to 
General  Kilpatrick,  and  afterwards  to  Custer's  Cavalry.  The  indorsement 
on  his  certificate  of  discharge  shows  that  he  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Yorktown,  Williamsburg,  Hanover  Court-house,  Seven  Days'  Fight, 
Malvern  Hill,  Second  Malvern,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Williamsport, 
Martinsburg,  Philomont,  Union,  Upperville,  Bailey's  Cross-roads,  Stone- 
man's  raid,  Beverly  Ford,  Hanover,  Pa.,  Hunterstown,  Gettysburg, 
Monterey,  Va.,  Williamsport,  Boonsborough,  Hagerstown,  Falling  Waters, 
Battle  Mountain,  'May bauck  Mills,  Brandy  Station,  Buckland's  Mills,  and 
Manton's  Ford;  was  honorably  discharged  on  March  26,  1864.  Re-en 
listed  in  U.  S.  Marine  Corps,  April  14,  1864,  and  was  appointed  sergeant; 
came  to  California  as  a  portion  of  the  marine  guard  of  the  U.  S.  steamer 
Vanderbilt,  and  at  expiration  of  term  of  enlistment  was  discharged  at 
Mare  Island  navy-yard.  Went  to  Puget  Sound  and  engaged  in  the  saw 
mill  business,  which  is  his  present  occupation;  has  been  justice  of  the 
peace  at  Fort  Discovery,  Jefferson  County,  W.  Ty.,  his  place  of  residence, 
and  is  a  member  of  Stevens  Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Seattle,  W.  Ty. 


GEORGE  M.  CURRIER. 

Residing  at  Soledad,  Monterey  County,  Cal. ;  was  born  at  Newbury- 
port,  Mass.,  November  20,  1846,  arrived  in  California  in  1854;  has  been 
a  teamster  and  miner,  and  is  at  present  a  stock-raiser.  Enlisted  August 
5,  1863,  in  the  6th  Regiment,  California  Volunteer  Infantry-,  as  a  private, 
afterwards  holding  the  positions  of  bugler  and  clerk;  was  on  duty  in  the 
Pacific  Coast  department,  participating  in  two  or  three  fights  with  Indians, 


196  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

in  one  of  which  was  slightly  wounded  over  the  eye  by  a  rifle-ball;  at  one 
time  rode  on  horseback  160  miles  in  thirty  hours,  viz:  to  carry  the  news 
of  the  disaster  at  the  time  of  the  wreck  of  the  steamer  Brother  Johnuthan 
near  Camp  Lincoln  at  Cresent  City  to  Jacksonville,  Or.  Comrade  Currier 
is  a  member  of  Steadman  Post,  No.  76,  at  Salinas;  he  was  mustered  out 
of  the  service  December  15,  1865. 

J.  W.   STEPHENS. 

Comrade  Stephens  resides  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal.  He  was  born 
February-  29,  1832,  in  Calais,  Me.  He  has  been  a  carpenter,  sawyer,  and 
merchant,  and  is  at  present  a  fanner.  Enlisted  August  20,  1862,  in  Com 
pany  A  of  the  9th  Kansas  Cavalry,  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  3d 
Brigade  of  the  yth  Army  Corps.  Was  in  the  engagements  at  Newto- 
nia,  Mo. ;  Prairie  Grove,  Ark. ;  Van  Buren,  Dripping  Springs,  Ark. ;  Bull 
Bayou,  Ark. ,  etc. ;  was  employed  on  escort  duty  after  the  battle  of  New- 
tonia;  was  taken  prisoner  by  guerrillas,  and  imprisoned  in  Fort  Scott  for 
two  weeks  before  being  paroled;  was  engaged  in  various  skirmishes  dur 
ing  the  chase  of  Price  and  other  Confederate  raiders;  was  honorably 
discharged  June  24,  1865. 

B.  J.   RHODES. 

Was  born  in  Oneida  County,  N.  Y.,  February  10,  1845;  a  druggist 
by  occupation.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  8th  California  Infantry,  and 
served  as  corporal  and  assistant  hospital  steward  until  mustered  out  at  the 
close  of  the  war;  was  stationed  at  the  Presidio  hospital,  being  on  detached 
service.  Comrade  Rhodes  is  a  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  and  a  member 
of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  the  headquarters  of  which  are  at  that  place. 

GEORGE  HOOKER  TREADWELL. 

Was  born  in  the  city  of  Albany,  N.  Y.,  May  10,  1837,  and  is  exten 
sively  engaged  in  the  furrier  business.  Enlisted  in  the  H3th  New  York 
State  Volunteers  (changed  to  the  7th  New  York  Volunteer  Artillery  in 
December,  1862)  August  2,  1862,  and  on  the  same  day  was  appointed 
sergeant-major;  promoted  to  2d  lieutenant  November  i,  1862,  ist  lieu 
tenant  August  10,  1863,  captain  February  15,  1864,  and  brevetted  major 
United  States  Volunteers  for  gallant  conduct  and  meritorious  service 
during  the  war;  served  as  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Colonel  Morris, 
commander  of  the  2d  Brigade,  Haskin's  division,  22d  Army  Corps,  in  the 
defenses  of  Washington  city,  from  November  i,  1862,  to  August,  1863, 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  197 

and  as  assistant  adjutant-general  from  that  time  until  March,  1864,  when 
he  was  assigned  to  command  of  Battery  M,  yth  New  York  Artillery; 
detailed  as  inspector  of  the  4th  Brigade,  ist  Division,  2d  Army  Corps, 
June  4,  1864,  and  served  as  such  until  August  following,  when  he  was 
compelled  to  go  on  sick  leave;  on  return  to  duty  was  assigned  to  the  8th 
Army  Corps;  detailed  as  assistant  provost-marshal,  and  subsequently  as 
adjutant  at  Camp  Parole,  Annapolis,  Md.,  until  honorably  discharged, 
January  3,  1865;  participated  in  the  battles  of  River  Po,  Bowling  Green, 
North  Anna,  Tolopatamoy  Creek,  Cold  Harbor,  Petersburg,  and  other 
engagements;  was  appointed  captain  and  quartermaster  gth  Brigade, 
3d  Division,  National  Guard,  State  of  New  York,  May  9,  1867,  major 
and  inspector  of  the  same  brigade  June  10,  following,  and  served  until 
November,  1871;  was  elected  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  loth  Regiment  of 
the  New  York  National' Guard,  October  23,  1873,  but  declined.  Is  a 
member  of  Lewis  O.  Morris  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  his  place 
of  residence;  was  elected  its  first  commander;  served  two  terms,  and 
resigned  September  19,  1871;  in  1878  was  re-elected  post  commander, 
and  has  been  complimented  in  like  manner  every  year  since;  has  been 
assistant  quartermaster-general,  department  of  New  York,  G.  A.  R., 
junior  vice-department  commander  and  aid-de-camp  on  the  national  com- 
mander-in-chief's  staff. 

AURELIUS   S.   VOORHIS. 

Is  a  native  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  where  he  was  born  December  3,  1841, 
but  removed  to  a  farm  in  Cass  County,  Ind. ,  where  he  attended  a  country 
school;  worked  on  a  farm  until  the  fall  of  1860,  when  he  became  clerk  in 
a  store  at  Ainsworth,  la.;  returning  to  Logansport,  Ind.,  he  enlisted  in 
Company  B,  46th  Indiana  Infantry,  October  2,  1861.  During  the  winter 
of  1861  and  the  early  part  of  1862  the  regiment  was  stationed  at  Camp 
Wickliffe,  Ky.  Here  many  of  its  members  contracted  diseases  from  over 
work  and  exposure.  When  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Fort  Donelson, 
young  Voorhis  was  among  the  number  unfit  for  duty,  and  was  sent  to  the 
hospital  at  Louisville,  Ky.  In  April,  1862,  he  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Port 
Pillow  where  it  was  supporting  the  gunboats.  As  it  was  the  only  regiment 
stationed  at  that  point  it  had  arduous  duty  to  perform  and  did  gallant  ser 
vice.  Afterwards  it  was  at  Memphis,  at  St.  Charles,  Ark. ,  on  the  White 
River,  where  his  company  and  another  deployed  as  skirmishers  drove 
out  a  force  exceeding  their  own  number  and  captured  a  battery  of  field- 
pieces  and  two  siege -guns.  It  took  part  in  many  important  expeditions 
and  in  the  operations  of  Grant's  army  before,  during  the  siege,  and 
after  the  capture  of  Vicksburg.  Voorhis  was  on  the  gunboat  Benton  and 


198  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

was  one  of  the  first  to  land  below  Vicksburg;  afterward  served  at  New 
Orleans  and  in  Banks'  Red  River  expedition.  At  Sabine  Cross-roads 
the  regiment  lost  over  half  its  number.  The  regiment  being  ordered  to 
Kentucky,  after  re -enlistment  as  veteran  volunteers,  Voorhis  was  detailed 
as  chief  clerk  in  the  post  adjutant's  office  at  Lexington,  where  he  remained 
until  mustered  out  September  4,  1865.  He  was  wounded  in  the  right 
hand  in  action  at  the  mouth  of  Yazoo  Pass,  on  Cold  Water  River,  Miss., 
February  22,  1863.  Engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  until  1873,  when  he 
read  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Russell,  Kan.,  October  16,  1876; 
has  held  the  offices  of  county  treasurer,  probate  judge,  and  many  minor 
positions;  is  now  engaged  in  the  law  and  collection,  real  estate,  loan  and 
insurance  business  at  Russell. 

Comrade  Voorhis  is  a  member  of  Larrabee  Post,  No.  164,  G.  A.  R., 
and  has  served  in  it  as  sergeant-major,  senior  vice-commander,  commander 
and  delegate  to  the  department  encampments  of  1884  and  1886;  was  also 
elected  one  of  the  delegates  from  Kansas  to  the  2oth  national  encamp 
ment  held  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. ,  in  August,  1886. 


CHARLES    BRADBURY   KIMBALL. 

Was  born  in  Howland,  Penobscot  County,  Me.,  March  31,  1831;  has 
been  a  lumberman,  merchant,  carpenter,  contractor  and  builder,  which 
last  mentioned  is  his  present  occupation.  At  the  outbreak  of  the  war  was 
engaged  in  lumbering  in  Northern  Wisconsin;  arranged  his  business  as 
quickly  as  possible  and  enlisted  at  La  Crosse,  June  6,  1861,  in  the  ist 
Wisconsin  Battery;  on  election  of  non-commissioned  officers,  was  unani 
mously  elected  orderly  sergeant,  in  which  capacity  he  served  until  October 
14,  1 86 1,  when  he  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant,  at  which  time  the 
battery  was  mustered  into  the  United  States  service ;  took  part  in  the  cap 
ture  of  Cumberland  Gap,  under  General  G.  W.  Morgan,  and  was  by  him 
appointed  post  adjutant  of  artillery;  was  in  the  battles  of  Cracker's  Neck,  Ky., 
Charleston,  W.  Va.,  Grand  Gulf,  Port  Gibson,  Champion  Hills,  Raymond, 
Big  Black  River  Bridge,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  and  other  engagements.  By 
a  railroad  accident  near  Madison,  Wis. — to  which  place  he  had  returned 
on  a  twenty  days'  leave,  to  obtain  sufficient  recruits  to  fill  up  the  battery 
— in  December,  1862,  his  right  ankle  was  crushed,  the  injury  being  so 
severe  at  to  make  him  a  cripple  for  life;  obtained  an  extension  of  leave 
for  a  month  on  surgeon's  certificate,  at  the  end  of  which  time  he  rejoined 
his  battery  in  Louisiana,  on  crutches,  and  at  the  end  of  another  month 
being  able  to  resume  his  duty,  having  in  the  meantime,  been  promoted  to 
ist  lieutenant,  was  attached  to  the  division  of  General  Osterhaus, 


GRAND   ARMY    OF   THE   REPUBLIC.  199 

Army  Corps,  commanded  by  General  McClernand,  the  captain  being  chief 
of  artillery  for  the  i3th  Army  Corps.  Comrade  Kimball  commanded  the 
battery  in  the  fights  at  Grand  Gnlf,  Port  Gibson,  Baker's  Creek,  Rocky 
Springs,  Bayou  Pierre,  Raymond,  and  at  Big  Black  River  Bridge.  At 
the  commencement  of  the  siege  of  Vicksburg  was  appointed  ordnance 
officer  of  General  Osterhaus'  division,  and  shortly  afterwards  ordnance 
officer  of  the  i3th  Army  Corps  on  the  staff  of  General  McClernand;  was 
tendered  a  commission  of  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Mississippi  volunteers, 
but,  on  account  of  his  crippled  condition  and  failing  health,  declined  the 
appointment,  and  for  the  same  reasons  tendered  his  resignation  August 
14,  1863,  which  was  accepted  by  General  Grant.  At  the  conclusion  of 
his  army  service,  engaged  in  mercantile  business  at  La  Crosse,  Wis. ,  until 
1866,  then  removed  to  Racine,  Wis.,  where  he  was  a  contractor  and 
builder  until  1872,  when  he  came  to  California;  is  a  member  of  Lyon 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Oakland,  Cal.,  which  is  his  place  of  residence. 


ANDREW    K.    MAGUIRE. 

Was  born  in  Windsor,  Kennebec  County,  Me.,  August  23,  1843, 
is  an  operative.  Served  for  a  time  in  the  ist  Maine  Cavalry,  and  after 
expiration  of  term  in  that  regiment  enlisted  in  Company  D,  2ist  Maine 
Infantry;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  igth  Army  Corps, 
Department  of  the  Gulf;  was  at  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson  and  in  other 
engagements;  is  a  member  of  Kilpatrick  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  St.  Helena, 
Napa  County,  Cal.,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 


ISRAEL   W.   STONE. 

Was  born  in  Aroostook  County,  Me.,  May  25,  1839,  and  at  the  out 
break  of  the  Civil  War  was  mining  in  Colorado.  Went  to  Illinois  and 
enlisted  in  Company  M,  ist  Illinois  Artillery;  took  part  in  several  engage 
ments,  and  at  Chickamauga  was  so  badly  wounded  as  to  lose  his  left  leg 
some  two  inches  below  the  knee.  In  consequence  of  this  disability  was 
discharged  the  service  December  20,  1864.  Had  three  brothers  in  the 
army,  one  in  the  i8th  Wisconsin  Infantry,  and  two  in  Company  E,  4th 
Wisconsin  Cavalry;  the  first  was  killed  in  the  battle  of  Pittsburg  Landing, 
and  is  buried  at  that  place,  and  another  brother  lies  at  Baton  Rouge, 
La.,  under  a  monument  raised  by  Company  E,  4th  Wisconsin  Cavalry. 
The  father  lost  his  life  from  disease  contracted  while  conveying  the  sub 
ject  of  this  sketch  home  from  the  battle-field.  Since  the  war  comrade 
Stone  has  been  mayor  of  North  Lawrence,  Kas. ,  and  is  a  city  councilman 


200  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

of  Lawrence;  is  chief  clerk  in  the  auditor's  office  of  the  Southern  Kansas 
Railway  Company,  at  Lawrence,  Kas.,  a  member  of  Washington  Post, 
No.  12,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Lawrence,  and  has  held  the  offices  of  sergeant-major, 
quartermaster,  junior  and  senior  vice-commander,  and  is  at  present  post 
commander;  was  elected  an  alternate  delegate  from  Kansas  to  the  national 
encampment  held  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in  August,  1886. 

ANDREW  JACKSON   HUME. 

Is  a  native  of  Ohio,  in  which  State  he  was  born  October  4,  1846,  and 
is  by  occupation  a  laborer.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  43d  Ohio  Volunteers, 
in  1 86 1,  and  at  expiration  of  three  years'  term  of  service  re-enlisted  as  a 
veteran  in  the  same  regiment;  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  yth 
Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Corinth,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  and 
Atlanta;  with  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the  sea  and  through  the  Carolinas; 
honorably  discharged  from  service  in  1865,  at  Washington  city,  by  reason 
of  termination  of  the  war;  came  to  California  in  1871,  and  is  a  member 
of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

FRANKLIN   G.    FRARY. 

Was  born  in  Orleans  County,  N.  Y.,  February  9,  1828;  has  been  a 
woolen  manufacturer;  is  at  present  probate  judge  of  Columbia  County, 
W.  Ty. ;  enlisted  in  iq2d  Ohio  Volunteers  August  14,  1862,  and  served 
as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  4th  Division,  2oth  Army  Corps; 
took  part  in  the  battles  of  Franklin,  Nashville,  Tenn. ,  and  other  engage 
ments;  was  mustered  out  of  service  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  July  4,  1865;  is  a 
member  of  Alfred  Sully  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Dayton,  Columbia  County, 
W.  Ty. ,  where  he  resides,  and  is  quartermaster  of  his  post. 

ALBERT   HANLEY   DUDLEY. 

Was  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  August,  1843,  nas  been  a  clerk,  photo 
grapher,  jeweler,  and  dentist,  the  latter  being  his  present  occupation. 
Originally  enlisted  as  private  in  33d  Massachusetts  Volunteers,  but  was 
refused  muster  on  account  of  youth,  but  remained  with  the  regiment 
voluntarily  a  year  doing  duty  as  company  clerk;  sent  home  sick,  and  upon 
getting  well  re-enlisted  as  private  in  the  58th  Massachusetts  Volunteers 
in  June,  1862;  has  served  as  private,  corporal,  sergeant,  sergeant-major, 
2d  lieutenant,  ist  lieutenant,  acting  adjutant  and  was  brevetted  captain 
United  States  Volunteers  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  before 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  201 

Petersburg; 'his  commissions  dated  2d  lieutenant,  May  4,  1864,  ist  lieu 
tenant,  June  4,  1864,  and  brevet  captain,  April  2,  1865;  served  in  the  gth 
and  nth  Army  Corps,  and  participated  in  all  the  battles  in  .which  those 
corps  engaged  during  the  time  he  was  attached  to  them;  taken  prisoner 
in  the  attack  on  Fort  Mahone,  Petersburg,  April  2,  1865,  confined  in 
Petersburg  prison  only  one  day;  then  on  the  retreat  of  the  Confederate 
forces  after  the  evacuation  of  Petersburg,  made  his  escape  while  on 
march  by  killing  a  guard,  and  taking  his  carbine  and  fleeing  into  the  woods; 
succeeded  in  escaping  by  the  assistance  of  a  colored  man  and  a  northern 
Unionist  who  secreted  him,  finally  getting  back  into  the  Union  lines, 
rejoining  his  regiment  at  Burkeville,  Va. ,  before  the  surrender  of  Lee  at 
Appomattox;  honorably  discharged  at  Readville,  Mass.,  July  14,  1865. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  high  school  and  academy  at  Northfield, 
N.  H.,  also  at  that  of  Wilbraham,  Mass.,  Harvard  Medical  College,  Bos 
ton  Dental  College,  and  Boston  University ;  was  a  member  of  International 
Medical  Congress  at  London,  Eng. ,  in  1881,  member  of  Executive 
Council,  International  Medical  Congress  at  Washington,  D.  C. ,  in  1881, 
and  is  secretary  of  Board  of  Examiners  of  Boston  Dental  College.  Com 
rade  Dudley  is  a  member  of  Phil.  H.  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Salem, 
Mass.,  his  place  of  residence;  has  been  officer  of  the  guard  of  his  post, 
delegate  to  the  department  convention,  and  was  a  delegate  to  the  2oth 
national  encampment  which  met  in  San  Francisco  in  August,  1886. 


GEORGE   N.   BRIGGS. 

Was  born  in  Woonsocket,  Providence  County,  R.  I. ;  has  been  an 
engineer,  his  present  occupation  is  that  of  farmer.  Enlisted  in  the  nth 
Rhode  Island  Volunteers,  September  22,  1862,  and  served  as  a  private; 
belonged  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  for  a  time  served  with  the 
forces  in  the  defenses  of  Washington  city;  was  in  the  battles  of  Black- 
water,  Nansemond  River,  N.  C. ,  and  a  number  of  other  engagements; 
mustered  out  of  service  at  Providence,  R.  I.,  July  13,  1865;  is  a  member 
of  John  F.  Godfrey  Post,  G.  A.  R.  at  Pasadena,  Los  Angeles  County, 
Cal.,  his  place  of  residence,  and  is  officer  of  the  guard  of  his  post. 

JACOB    M.    HUNTER. 

Was  born  in  Ulster,  Bradford  County,  Pa.,  November  27,  1847;  nas 
been  a  teacher;  his  present  occupation  is  that  of  manufacturer;  enlisted  in 
the  5Oth  New  York  Volunteers,  Engineer  Regiment,  February  3,  1864, 
and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  5th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the 


202  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Potomac;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  South  Side  Railroad,  Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania  Court-house,  Cold  Harbor,  North  Anna  River,  and  Peters 
burg;  mustered  out  of  service  in  June,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Geo.  H. 
Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  his  place  of  residence;  has 
been  officer  of  the  guard,  junior  vice-commander,  post  commander,  senior 
aid-de-camp  department  staff,  a  delegate  to  the  2oth  national  encampment 
held  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in  August,  1886,  and  is  now  inspector-general 
of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 


DAVID    B.  NELSON. 

Is  a  native  of  New  Hampshire,  in  which  State  he  was  born  June  7, 
1823;  studied  medicine  and  surgery  at  Harvard  Medical  College,  gradu 
ating  in  1849.  At  the  first  call  for  troops  to  suppress  the  Rebellion  was 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession;  enlisted  and  was  mustered  into 
service  October  9,  1861,  as  captain  of  Troop  K,  ist  New  Hampshire  Cav 
alry,  afterwards  consolidated  with  the  ist  Rhode  Island  Cavalry;  was 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  major  December  3,  1861,  and  resigned  June  3, 
1862,  on  account  of  physical  disability  arising  from  malarial  poisoning. 
Is  at  present  a  medical  practitioner  at  Laconia,  N.  H.;  is  a  member  of  J. 
L.  Perley  Post,  No.  37,  department  of  New  Hampshire,  and  has  held  the 
positions  of  medical  director,  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  the  commander- 
in-chief,  post  commander,  and  delegate;  was  elected  an  alternate  delegate 
to  the  twentieth  national  encampment,  held  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in 
1886.  Doctor  Nelson  has  been  prominently  connected  with  educational 
interests  in  Laconia,  and  is  now  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Education, 
and  secretary  of  the  United  States  Board  of  Examining  Surgeons  for 
Pensions,  besides  holding  other  local  offices. 

WILLIAM   STARKE   ROSECRANS. 

Was  born  in  Kingston  Township,  Ross  County,  Ohio,  September  6, 
1819.  His  occupations  in  life  have  been  those  of  military,  civil,  and 
mining  engineer;  has  served  two  full  terms  in  Congress  as  representative 
from  the  San  Francisco  district  of  California,  and  is  at  present  Register 
of  the  United  States  Treasury,  and  resides  in  Washington  city,  D.  C. 
Entered  the  United  States  Military  Academy  at  West  Point,  N.  Y.,  as  a 
cadet  from  Ohio,  in  1838,  graduating  in  1842,  and  assigned  on  July  ist  of 
that  year  to  the  Corps  of  Engineers  as  brevet  2d  lieutenant;  was  promoted 
to  2d  lieutenant  April  3,  1843;  Ist  lieutenant  March  3,  1853;  resigned 
April  i,  1854,  and  engaged  in  civil  pursuits  until  the  outbreak  of  the 


GRAND   ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  203 

War  of  the  Rebellion;  commissioned  chief  of  engineers  of  the  State  of 
Ohio,  with  the  rank  of  colonel,  in  1861,  and  colonel  23d  Ohio  Volunteers; 
appointed  brigadier-general,  United  States  Army,  May  10,  1861,  and 
brevetted  major-general,  United  States  Army,  March  13,  1865,  "for 
gallant  and  distinguished  services  at  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  Tenn. ;" 
major-general  of  volunteers  August  16,  1862,  his  commission  being  sub 
sequently  antedated  to  March  19,  1862;  brevetted  major-general,  U.  S. 
Army,  1867.  Was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Rich  Mountain  and  Carnifex 
Ferry,  in  West  Virginia;  affair  2yth  May,  1862,  011  the  Confederate  left  in 
front  of  Corinth;  battles  of  luka,  Corinth,  Stone  River,  and  Chickamauga; 
pursuit  and  expulsion  from  Missouri  of  the  Confederate  forces  under  Price, 
in  October,  1864.  Was  mustered  out  as  major-general  of  volunteers 
January  15,  1866;  resigned  commission  as  brigadier-general  United  States 
Army  March  28,  1867.  •  General  Rosecrans  is  a  member  of  George  H. 
Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


AUSTIN   SPRAGUE   CUSHMAN. 

Was  born  at  Duxbury,  Mass.,  September  9,  1827.  WThen  Governor 
Andrew  issued  his  order  to  the  militia  to  ascertain  how  many  men  could 
be  relied  upon  in  case  President  Lincoln  called  for  troops,  Lieutenant 
Cushman  was  in  command  of  his  company,  and  he  announced  himself 
ready  for  service.  His  example  was  followed  by  every  member  of  the 
company  present.  About  9  o'clock  p.  M. ,  on  Sunday,  April  14,  1861,  he 
received  notice  of  the  President's  call,  and  the  next  morning  left  with  his 
company  for  Boston.  On  the  i7th  he  was  made  adjutant  of  the  regiment. 
Arriving  at  Fortress  Monroe  the  regiment  was  placed  on  the  Pawnee  and 
sent  to  destroy  the  Gosport  Navy  Yard.  Subsequently  at  Hampton  Cush 
man  devised,  and  operated  a  system  of  night  signals.  After  Pope's  defeat 
in  1862  he  enlisted  a  company,  became  its  captain,  and  was  assigned  to 
the  47th  Massachusetts  Infantry,  of  which  he  became  the  major.  Major 
Cushman  was  assigned  to  duty  on  the  U.  S.  Sequestration  Commission. 
Since  his  muster  out  in  September,  1863,  he  has  been  a  lawyer,  and  is 
now  located  in  New  York.  He  entered  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic 
September  25,  1866,  and  his  rapid  recruiting  caused  him  to  be  appointed 
by  the  Commander-in-Chief,  provisional  commander.  At  the  formation  of 
the  depat&hent  of  Massachusetts  he  was  unanimously  elected  department 
commander.  Among  his  early  orders  are  to  be  found  the  recommenda 
tion  of  many  measures  which  have  materially  contributed  to  the  growth 
of  the  order  and  its  efficiency  in  his  department;  especially  the  prohibi 
tion  of  politics;  the  localizing  of  recruiting;  relief  measures;  and  the 


204  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

adoption  of  a  uniform.  The  ritual  prepared  by  Col.  F.  W.  Hig-ginson  and 
Major  Cushman  was  adopted  by  the  national  encampment  at  Philadelphia 
in  1868.  He  also  organized  the  first  post  in  the  department  of  New  Hamp 
shire. 

Maj.  Cushman  graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1848;  was  appointed 
clerk  in  the  pension  office,  at  Washington;  read  law  with  the  late  Peleg 
Sprague,  U.  S.  Senator  and  U.  S.  District  Judge;  was  a  private  secretary 
to  President  Fillmore;  was  appointed  lieutenant  in  U.  S.  Revenue  Marine; 
U.  S.  Commissioner;  Register  of  Probate  and  Insolvency;  U.  S.  Register 
in  Bankruptcy.  After  the  war  he  resided  for  several  years  in  Switzerland, 
and  returned  in  1880  to  this  country,  where  he  resumed  his  profession.  He 
is  now  engaged  in  practice  as  a  patent  lawyer.  Wherever  he  may  be  he 
is  known  in  Grand  Army  circles  as  an  indefatigable  and  zealous  missionary 
for  the  organization. 

WILLIAM   F.  HUTCHINSON. 

Was  born  in  Oswego,  N.  Y. ,  October  28,  1840;  his  father  was  a 
clergyman  and  lived  in  various  places  as  such;  from  private  schools  entered 
Philadelphia  high  school  in  1851,  and  was  graduated  in  1855;  entered 
medical  college  and  thence  to  Germany  and  France,  pursuing  his  profes 
sional  studies,  returning  in  1859.  When  the  Civil  War  broke  out  Dr. 
Hutchinson  was  practicing  medicine  in  Lake  City,  Fla. ,  and  with  main- 
other  northern  residents  was  transferred  to  Charleston,  S.  C. ,  escaping 
thence  after  the  fall  of  Sumter  he  came  north  and  entered  at  once  into 
service  as  inspector  of  recruits  upon  Governor  Morgan's  staff  at  Albany, 
N.  Y. ,  commissioned  captain  and  assistant  surgeon  22d  N.  Y.  Volunteers, 
May  16,  1 86 1,  surgeon  same  regiment  in  November,  1861;  was  surgeon 
in  charge  general  hospital,  Falls  Church,  Va.,  provost  marshal,  Fairfax 
County,  Va. ,  brigade  surgeon,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  medical  director 
field  hospital  at  Antietam;  appointed  assistant  surgeon  U.  S.  Navy,  April 
3,  1863,  passed  assistant  surgeon  October  4,  1864,  and  honorably  dis 
charged  July  3, 1869;  was  in  every  battle  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in 
1861  and  1862;  in  the  navy  with  Farragut  at  Vicksburg,  Port  Hudson, 
and  Mobile  Bay;  during  his  service  in  army  and  navy  was  wounded  three 
times — in  chest  at  Antietam,  in  head  at  second  Bull  Run,  and  in  right  leg 
at  Mobile  Bay;  while  acting  as  surgeon  of  field  hospital  was  captured  at 
second  Bull  Run  by  the  confederate  cavalry,  General  Stuart,  and  while  in 
confinement  overheard  the  plan  for  Lee's  first  invasion  of  Maryland,  which 
information,  with  a  stand  of  colors  which  he  recaptured,  was  delivered  to 
the  Secretary  of  WTar  after  his  escape.  While  in  the  navy  he  served  dur 
ing  the  war  upon  the  U.  S.  ship  Vincennes,  the  gunboat  Genesee,  the 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  205 

sloop  of  war  Lackawanna,  the  captured  rebel  ram  Tennessee,  the  steam 
sloop  Ossipee  and  several  gunboats,  and,  after  peace  was  declared,  upon  the 
frigate  Potomac,  storeship  Onward,  and  the  steamer  Frolic,  tender  to 
Farragut's  European  squadron.  Dr.  Hutchinson  is  a  member  of  Arnold 
Post,  No.  4,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Providence,  R.  I.,  his  place  of  residence.  Has 
commanded  three  posts  of  the  Grand  Army,  been  medical  director  and 
assistant  quartermaster- general  of  department;  is  a  member  of  a  number 
of  scientific  and  literary  societies  and  of  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Provi 
dence  daily  Star. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON  DALRYMPLE. 

Was  born  in  Allegheny  County,  Pa.,  March  29,  1842;  has  been  a 
farmer  and  car  repairer;  his  present  occupation  is  that  of  carpenter. 
Enlisted  in  Company  K,  96th  Illinois  Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private; 
his  regiment  formed  a  portion  of  the  4th  Army  Corps  in  the  Army  of 
the  Cumberland;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Walnut  Hill,  Danville, 
Ky. ,  Triune,  Tenn.,  Franklin,  Murfreesboro,  Chattanooga,  and  Nashville; 
mustered  out  December  24,  1864;  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  35, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Beatrice,  Gage  County,  Neb.,  where  he  resides;  has  been 
quartermaster  and  senior  vice-commander  of  post. 


CHARLES   S.  WARREN. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Utica,  LaSalle  County,  Ills.,  November  20, 
1847.  His  family  settled  near  Cold  Spring,  Putnam  County,  N.  Y. ,  about 
1755.  General  G.  K.  Warren,  the  well-known  commander  of  the  5th 
Army  Corps,  was  a  second  cousin  of  comrade  Warren.  His  father  settled 
near  Peru,  Ills. ,  and  he  was  raised  in  Lee,  DeKalb,  and  LaSalle  Counties. 
After  receiving  a  common  school  education  he  went  to  Colorado  in  1862, 
and  lived  at  Tarryall  Mines,  in  the  South  Park;  returned  to  Illinois  in 
May,  1864,  and  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  A,  i32d  Illinois  Volun 
teers;  was  finally  discharged  at  Savannah,  Ga.,  January  20,  1866,  as  ist 
sergeant  of  Company  C,  i47th  Illinois  Volunteers.  In  April  following 
started  for  Montana,  driving  an  ox-team  to  Virginia  City,  where  he 
arrived  August  20,  1866;  taught  the  first  school  in  Deer  Lodge  County 
during  the  winter  of  1866-67,  an<^  followed  placer  mining  for  five  years; 
in  1871  was  appointed  deputy  sheriff  of  Deer  Lodge  County,  and  served 
as  such  until  1873,  when  he  was  elected  sheriff.  Upon  the  expiration  of 
his  term  of  office  removed  to  Butte  City,  where  he  has  since  lived;  was 
the  first  police  magistrate  of  Butte  City,  and  has  been  deputy  assessor  of 


206 

Silver  Bow  County  for  three  years;  for  the  past  four  years  has  been  clerk 
of  the  second  judicial  district  court  of  Montana;  is  a  member  of  the 
insurance  firm  of  Mantle  &  Warren,  and  is  largely  interested  in  Montana 
mines  and  real  estate.  In  the  first  Nez  Perce  Indian  war  of  1877  he  was 
ist  lieutenant  of  Company  A,  ist  Battalion,  Montana  Volunteers,  and  was 
adjutant  of  Major  W.  A.  Clarke's  battalion.  Comrade  Warren  served  on 
the  staff  of  Governor  J.  Schuyler  Crosby  as  commissary  of  musters,  with 
the  rank  of  major,  and  is  now  commissary-general  on  the  staff  of  Gov 
ernor  Samuel  T.  Hauser,  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general ;  is  a  charter 
member  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  2,  department  of  Montana,  G.  A.  R.,  and 
has  served  as  adjutant  and  post  commander;  is  at  present  department 
commander. 

JOSEPH   W.    O'NEALL. 

Was  born  in  Warren  County,  Ohio,  April  6,  1846;  attended  the 
country  school  in  winter  and  worked  on  his  father's  farm  in  summer; 
enlisted  in  the  latter  part  of  the  summer  of  1861  in  Co.  H,  54th  Ohio  Volun 
teers;  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  but  was  discharged  after  the  battle 
on  account  of  youth ;  re-enlisted  in  Co.  A,  35th  Ohio  Volunteers,  August 
12,  1862,  and  joined  his  regiment  at  Decherd,  Temi. ;  participated  in 
the  battles  at  Shepherdsville,  Harrodsburgh,  Perry  ville,  Triune,  Franklin, 
Harpeth,  Tullahoma,  and  Chickamauga,  in  which  last-named  engagment 
he  was  three  times  wounded;  left  on  the  battle-field  unconscious  and  was 
captured;  was  taken  to  Atlanta,  Ga. ,  and  thence  to  Richmond,  Va.,  where 
for  forty -five  days  he  was  confined  in  Castle  Pemberton;  made  a  number  of 
attempts  to  escape,  but  was  unsuccessful;  was  then  removed  to  Danville, 
Va.,  afterwards  transferred  to  other  prisons  and  finally  to  Andersonville; 
here  he  was  confined  for  months,  and  from  thence  sent  to  Florence,  S.  C. , 
from  which  place  he  made  his  escape  December  14,  1864,  and  succeeded 
in  reaching  the  Union  lines  near  Savannah,  Ga. ;  was  sent  on  a  Govern 
ment  vessel  to  Annapolis,  Md.,  where  he  obtained  a  furlough  and  returned 
home,  much  to  the  astonishment  and  joy  of  his  friends,  who  had  long 
since  supposed  him  dead,  and  who  could  scarcely  recognize  in  the  wasted 
and  emaciated  figure  before  them  the  healthy  farm  boy  who  had  left  them 
thirty  months  before.  At  Andersonville  he  contracted  scurvy  from  which 
he  still  suffers.  While  a  prisoner  he  was  engaged  in  digging  eight  tunnels, 
three  times  succeeded  in  making  his  escape,  at  one  time  being  within  four 
miles  of  the  Union  lines,  but  was  twice  recaptured  and  taken  back  a 
prisoner.  When  captured  he  weighed  155  pounds,  on  his  return  home 
weighed  but  eighty-four  pounds.  While  he  was  yet  a  prisoner  his  regiment 
was  mustered  out  in  August,  1864,  by  expiration  of  term  of  service.  After 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  207 

the  war,  finding  himself  disabled  by  prison  life,  he  entered  school  and  by 
diligent  study  soon  succeeded  in  obtaining  a  teacher's  certificate,  and  was 
for  seven  years  a  teacher  in  the  common  schools.  In  1876,  having  studied 
law,  was  duly  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1877  was  elected  Probate  Judge 
of  Warren  County,  to  which  position  he  was  three  times  elected.  In  1885 
he  resigned  and  was  nominated  for  Common  Pleas  Judge  of  the  2d  Judicial 
District  of  Ohio,  and  was  elected  by  a  large  majority  and  re-elected  for  a 
second  term  by  an  overwhelming  majority. 

Comrade  O'Neall  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1867,  and  was  mustered  in 
the  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  of  Cincinnati,  but  shortly  after  withdrew  and 
organized  Granville  Thurston  Post,  No.  213,  at  Lebanon,  Ohio,  of  which 
he  was  the  first  commander;  served  as  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Depart 
ment  Commander  H.  P.  Lloyd,  and  was  a  delegate  to  the  nineteenth 
national  encampment  which  met  at  Portland,  Me.,  in  June,  1885,  and  at 
which  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  national  council  of  administration; 
also  attended  the  twentieth  national  encampment  which  met  in  San  Fran 
cisco  in  August,  1886;  served  three  terms  as  president  of  the  Ohio  Asso 
ciation  Ex-prisoners  of  War;  resides  in  Lebanon,  Warren  County,  Ohio. 


FRANK    MARSHALL    EDDY. 

Was  born  in  Shawneetown,  Ills.,  October  25,  1842;  has  been  agro- 
eery  clerk  and  fanner;  is  at  present  a  postal  clerk  in  the  railway  mail 
service,  which  position  he  has  held  for  the  past  twelve  years.  Enlisted 
in  Company  D,  i2Oth  Illinois  Volunteers,  August  n,  1862;  served  as  a 
private,  sergeant,  sergeant-major,  and  quartermaster-sergeant;  belonged 
to  the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  i6th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles 
of  Greenville,  Miss.;  Marion,  Ark.;.  Gun  town,  Miss.;  Eastport,  Tenu.; 
Ripley,  Miss.,  and  Vicksburg;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service 
at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  September  29,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  M.  K.  Lawler 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Shawneetown,  Ills.,  his  place  of  residence,  and  has  held 
the  position  of  post  quartermaster. 

f> 

H.   HARGRAVE. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December  25,  1837,  and  is  a  mar 
ble  cutter.  Under  the  first  call  by  President  Lincoln  for  volunteers  to 
serve  three  months,  enlisted  in  Durell's  Battery,  Pennsylvania  Volunteers, 
April  17,  1861,  and  re-enlisted  in  Independent  Battery  D,  Pennsylvania 
Volunteers,  September  24,  1861,  to  serve  three  years;  was  attached  to  2d 
Brigade,  2d  Division,  gth  Army  Corps;  served  as  a  private,  No.  i  on  gun; 


208  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

participated  in  the  battles  of  Second  Bull  Run,  Fredericksburg,  Chan- 
cellorsville,  Bristow  Station,  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  Cold 
Harbor,  Sulphur  Springs,  Kelly's  Ford,  Petersburg,  Strawberry  Plain, 
Deep  Bottom,  and  other  engagements;  mustered  out  at  expiration  of  term 
of  service;  is  a  member  of  Fraley  Post,  No.  108,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Elderton, 
Armstrong  County,  Pa. ,  his  place  of  residence,  and  is  post  commander. 

JOHN    AUGUSTINE    IVORY. 

Was  born  in  Loretto,  Cambria  County,  Pa.,  September  2,  1843,  an^  is 
by  occupation  a  clerk.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  ist  Nebraska  Volunteer 
Infantry,  July  3,  1861,  and  assigned  to  duty  in  regimental  adjutant's  office. 
Took  part  in  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson;  assigned  to  duty  as  clerk  at 
headquarters  3d  Brigade,  General  Lewis  Wallace's  division;  was  at  the 
battle  of  Shiloh  and  in  the  Vicksburg  campaign;  served  as  clerk  to  Brig 
adier-General  John  W.  Thayer,  commanding  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  i5th 
Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Chickasaw  Bluffs,  Arkansas 
Post,  besides  those  at  Vicksburg;  ordered  to  join  his  regiment  then  in 
Missouri;  on  reaching  St.  Louis  was  detailed  as  clerk  in  inspector-general's 
office,  department  of  Missouri,  where  he  remained  until  expiration  of 
term  of  service;  was  then  appointed  a  citizen  clerk  in  the  inspector-gen 
eral's  office,  and  on  recommendation  of  officers  of  department  headquar 
ters  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  Company  F,  i3th  Missouri  Cavalry, 
September  13,  1864;  was  appointed  regimental  commissary,  and  dirring 
Colonel  Catherwood's — the  colonel  of  the  regiment — command  of  brigade 
acted  as  brigade  commissary.  On  return  of  troops  from  pursuit  of  the  rebel 
General  Price  in  his  raid  through  Missouri  in  1864.  Lieutenant  Ivory  was 
assigned  to  duty  as  ordnance  officer  of  the  district  in  which  he  was  sta 
tioned.  Accompanied  the  surveying  expedition  to  Denver,  Col.  Acted 
as  post  quartermaster  and  commissary  at  Monument,  Kas.  Mustered  out 
of  service  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kas.,  April  15,  1866.  Is  a  member  of 
Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  his  place  of  resi 
dence. 

JOSHUA  W.  HOWELL. 

Was  born  in  Saint  Donnatts,  Glamorganshire,  Wales,  August  9,  1837; 
learned  the  trade  of  machinist;  has  been  a  merchant,  and  is  now  a  life- 
insurance  agent.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  I42d  Pennsylvania  Volunteers, 
August,  1862;  was  appointed  corporal  and  promoted  to  captain  in  May, 
1864;  belonged  to  the  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  also  ist  and  5th  Army 
Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Fredricksburg,  Chancellorsville, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  209 

Gettysburg,  Five  Forks,  Petersburg,  and  some  ten  or  eleven  other 
engagements,  the  last  being  just  previous  to  the  surrender  of  Lee  at 
Appomattox;  was  wounded  severely  in  the  first  day's  fight  at  Gettysburg; 
honorably  discharged  from  the  service  in  October,  1865;  was  president  of 
the  Veteran  Soldiers  Association  of  Pennsylvania  for  two  terms ;  belongs  to 
the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  is  a  member  of  Geo.  H. 
Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. ,  his  place  of  residence. 

HENRY   E.  PALMER. 

Was  born  in  Madison,  Lake  Coiinty,  Ohio,  July  31,  1841;  has  been 
a  farmer,  gold-miner,  lawyer,  and  is  at  present  agent  of  the  Home  Insur 
ance  Company  of  New  York,  at  Plattsmouth,  Neb.  Enlisted  in  the  ist 
Kansas  Battery  July  31,  1861;  afterwards  made  commissary  sergeant  4th 
Kansas  Infantry,  but  on  the  consolidation  of  that  regiment  with  the  3d 
Kansas  Infantry  was  mustered  out  in  April,  1862.  Raised  Company  A, 
nth  Kansas  Infantry,  and  was  commissioned  its  2d  lieutenant  August  20, 
1862;  promoted  ist  lieutenant  December  31,  1862;  captain  February  20, 
1863.  Belonged  to  the  yth  Army  Corps,  which  served  in  the  Department 
of  Arkansas;  participated  in  all  the  actions  of  the  corps,  and  was  in 
twenty-four  general  engagements;  was  slightly  wounded  by  a  spent  ball 
at  Prairie  Grove,  Ark.,  December  7,  1862;  was  once  captured,  but  escaped 
before  being  taken  to  prison.  In  June,  1865,  was  assigned  to  duty  on  the 
staff  of  General  P.  E.  Connor  as  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the 
District  of  the  Plains;  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Fort  Leaven- 
worth,  Kas. ,  September  26,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  McConihie  Post,  No. 
45,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Plattsmouth,  Neb.,  where  he  resides,  and  is  a  past- 
department  commander  of  Nebraska. 

WARREN  H.  PIERCE. 

Was  born  in  Windsor,  Me.,  May  24,  1839;  has  been  a  lumberman 
and  miner.  Enlisted  in  August,  1862, 'in  the  2ist  Maine  Infantry  for 
nine  months,  and  in  November,  1863,  re-enlisted  in  the  2d  Maine  Veteran 
Cavalry;  served  as  orderly  sergeant  and  ist  lieutenant,  and  in  the  ist 
Brigade,  ist  Division,  and  igth  Army  Corps;  also  i6th  Army  Corps;  com 
missions  bear  dates  as  follows:  ist  lieutenant  of  infantry,  September  12, 
1862;  ist  lieutenant  of  cavalry,  March  i,  1864;  took  part  in  the  battles  at 
Plain's  Store,  in  which  battle  he  commanded  the  company;  was  present  at 
the  assaults  on  Port  Hudson  in  May  and  June,  1864,  and  participated  in 
that  protracted  siege;  served  as  aid -de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Colonel 


210  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Chapin,  who  commanded  the  brigade,  until  after  the  death  of  that  gallant 
officer,  who  was  killed  in  the  first  assault  on  Port  Hudson;  accompanied 
the  field  officer  of  the  day  to  receive  the  truce  for  the  surrender  of  the 
fort;  participated  in  the  battle  with  Dick  Taylor  near  Donaldsonville, 
July  n,  1863,  during  which  his  horse  was  shot;  July  26,  1863,  was 
detailed  as  adjutant  of  the  regiment  and  so  acted  until  mustered  out 
August  25,  1863.  Re-enlisted  November,  1863,  in  Company  C,  2d  Maine 
Veteran  Cavalry;  during  second  enlistment,  served  as  a  private  until  pro 
moted  to  orderly  sergeant,  from  which  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  over 
the  2d  lieutenant;  was  present  at  the  fall  of  Mobile  and  Fort  Blakely,  and 
took  part  in  numerous  skirmishes  and  raids,  among  which  were  Little 
Escambia  River  (where  his  horse  was  shot  from  under  him)  in  which 
engagement  he  was  again  in  command  of  his  company;  took  part  in  the 
battles  at  Pine  Barren  Ford,  Melton,  and  Maryanna,  in  the  latter  battle  was 
slightly  wTounded  in  the  head;  was  in  command  of  his  company  for  the 
last  sixteen  months  of  the  war;  during  entire  service  was  off  duty  only 
four  days;  honorably  discharged  December  6,  1865.  Comrade  Pierce  is  a 
member  of  Chattanooga  Post,  of  Nevada  City,  Cal.,  and  is  a  resident  of 
Colfax,  Placer  County,  Cal. 

WILLIAM   RENWICK '  SMEDBERG. 

Born  in  New  York  city  March  19,  1839;  entered  Columbia  College, 
N.  Y.,  September,  1853;  graduated  July,  1857;  private  Company  6  (F), 
7th  Regiment,  National  Guard,  State  of  New  York,  July  26,  1858;  dis 
charged  January  i,  1860,  on  account  of  removal  from  State;  private 
National  Rifles,  District  of  Columbia  Militia;  mustered  into  volunteer 
service  April  15,  1861,  as  private  Company  A,  3d  Battalion,  District  of 
Columbia  Infantry;  with  General  C.  P.  Stone's  command  in  Maryland; 
corporal  May  9,  1861;  discharged  July  4,  1861,  to  accept  commission  in 
regular  army;  appointed  ist  lieutenant  i4th  United  States  Infantry  May 
14,  1861;  accepted  July  5,  1861;  acting  aid-de-camp  to  General  Charles  P. 
Stone,  commanding  brigade,  during  Patterson's  campaign;  joined  i4th 
Infantry  at  Fort  Trumbull,  Conn.,  August,  1861  ;  appointed  adjutant 
2d  battalion,  August  30,  1861,  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  John  F.  Reynolds, 
commanding  regiment;  on  duty  with  regiment  near  Fort  Trumbull,  Conn., 
and  near  Perryville,  Md.,  October,  1861,  to  March,  1862;  appointed  cap 
tain  I4th  Infantry  October  25,  1861;  assigned  to  Company  F,  2d  battalion; 
joined  Army  of  the  Potomac  March,  1862,  and  participated  in  movement 
on  Manassas  March  10,  1862;  regiment  assigned  to  General  George  Sykes' 
regular  brigade  of  Porter's  division;  afterwards  the  2d  Brigade,  Regular 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  211 

Division,  5th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  with  regiment  during 
advance  on  Yorktown  and  the  Peninsula  campaign;  declined  position 
of  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  regular  division,  tendered  by  General 
Sykes  in  front  of  Yorktown ;  participated  in  battles  of  Games'  Mill 
June  27,  1862;  Turkey  Bend,  June  30,  1862;  Malvern  Hill  July  i,  1862; 
at  Games'  Mill  his  company  lost  in  killed  and  wounded  two  lieutenants 
and  nineteen  enlisted  men;  moved  with  5th  Corps  to  join  Pope's  Army 
of  Virginia;  battle  of  Bull  Run  2d,  August  30,  1862,  company  lost 
twenty-one  enlisted  men  killed  and  wounded;  campaign  in  Maryland — 
battles  of  Antietam,  September  17,  1862;  Leetown,  October  17,  1862; 
Snicker's  Gap,  November  3-4,  1862;  Fredericksburg,  December  13,  1862; 
received  sick  leave  March  15,  1863;  detailed  on  recruiting  service  New 
York  city;  served  in  draft  riots  New  York,  August,  September,  1863; 
joined  regiment  in  New  York  September  12,  1863,  and  went  to  the  field; 
Mine  Run  campaign,  December,  1863;  on  duty  on  O.  &  A.  R.  R.,  winter 
of  1863-64;  appointed  acting  inspector-general  ist  Division,  5th  Army 
Corps,  Brigadier-General  Charles  Griffin  commanding,  April  6,  1864; 
battle  of  the  Wilderness,  May  5,  1864,  wounded  by  shell,  which  took  off 
right  foot;  leg  amputated,  which  ended  field  service;  on  recruiting  service 
October,  1864,  to  April,  1865;  mustering  and  disbursing  officer  in  provost 
marshal  general's  office,  Washington,  D.  C. ,  April  to  August,  1865;  with 
regiment  at  Hart  Island,  New  York  Harbor,  August  to  October,  1865, 
when  moved,  with  regiment,  via  Panama,  to  San  Francisco;  assistant 
inspector-general  Department  of  California,  on  staff  of  Brigadier-General 
Irvin  McDowell,  December,  1865;  on  inspecting  duty  in  California  and 
Arizona;  aid-de-camp  to  Major-General  H.  W.  Halleck,  commanding 
military  division  of  the  Pacific,  May  28,  1866,  to  May  31,  1869,  on 
inspecting  duty  in  Nevada,  Idaho,  and  Washington  Territory;  acting 
assistant  adjutant-general  on  staff  of  Major-General  George  H.  Thomas, 
commanding  military  division  Pacific,  June  i,  1869,  until  his  death, 
March  28,  1870;  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  staff  of  Major-General 
John  M.  Schofield  from  that  time  till  December  15,  1870;  retired  from 
active  service  December  15,  1870,  upon  the  full  rank  of  captain  "mounted," 
"for  incapacity  resulting  from  wounds  received  in  the  line  of  duty." 

Appointed  major  by  brevet,  to  rank  from  July  6,  1864,  "for  gallant 
services  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness  and  during  the  present  campaign 
before  Richmond,  Va. ;' '  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  by  brevet,  to  rank 
from  March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant  services  during  the  war;"  dates  of 
brevets  changed  by  Hancock's  brevet  board,  and  commissions  issued: 
brevet  major,  July  2,  1863,  and  brevet  lieutenant-colonel  May  5,  1864; 
still  in  service  as  a  retired  officer  United  States  Army. 


212  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

NATIONAL  GUARD. — Lieutenant-colonel  and  division  inspector  divi 
sion  National  Guard  of  California,  September  i,  1874,  to  January  19,  1876; 
brigade  inspector,  ad  Brigade,  National  Guard  of  California,  January  19, 
1876,  to  October,  1876;  elected  colonel  ad  Artillery  Regiment,  National 
Guard  of  California,  October  13,  1876;  re-elected  October,  1880;  re- 
elected  October,  1884;  resigned,  and  was  placed  on  retired  list  National 
Guard  of  California,  November,  1885. 

G.  A.  R. — First  joined  Lincoln  Post,  No.  i,  department  of  California, 
afterward  transferred  to  G.  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  department  of  Cali 
fornia;  adjutant-general  department  of  California,  February,  1885;  depart 
ment  commander,  department  of  California,  February  18,  1886. 

LOYAL  LEGION. — Has  been  recorder  of  the  command ery  of  Cali 
fornia  since  its  organization  in  1871. 

Since  retirement  from  active  service  in  regular  army  has  been 
employed  by  Pacific  Mail  Steamship  Company  in  San  Francisco  office, 
1870-72;  by  C.  A.  Low  &  Co.,  merchants,  1872-80,  and  since  1880  with 
Balfour,  Guthrie  &  Co.,  in  fire-insurance  business. 

JAMES   W.   HOWARD. 

Was  born  July  14,  1833,  in  Boone  County,  Ky. ;  was  educated  for 
the  life  of  a  journalist,  practical  printer  and  stenographer;  is  at  present  a 
journalist,  known  by  his  nom  de  plume  as  "Phocian."  Enlisted  Feb 
ruary  14,  1865,  in  the  1491.11  Illinois  Infantry,  and  served  as  provost 
marshal,  2d  Brigade,  2d  Separate  Division,  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  was 
ist  lieutenant  of  Company  A,  which  position  he  resigned  in  June,  1865; 
in  1861,  1862,  and  1863  was  war  correspondent  of  the  Chicago  Tribune; 
was  brevetted  colonel  July  14,  1865,  by  President  Johnson;  took  part  in 
the  battles  at  Pittsburg  Landing,  Millikens  Bend,  Red  River  expedition 
from  Shreveport  to  Fort  de  Russe  on  retreat;  was  wounded  at  Pittsburg 
Landing.  Comrade  Howard  is  a  member  of  Kenesaw  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Danville,  Ills. ;  has  been  a  delegate  to  national  encampment  and  was  aid- 
de-camp  to  Commander-in-Chief  Burdett. 

JOHN    R.    FRIERSON. 

Was  born  in  Quincy,  Ills.,  and  has  been  engaged  in  various  business 
pursuits;  served  three  months  in  the  first  call  for  troops,  enlisting  in  the 
loth  Illinois  Infantry,  June  i,  1861;  on  his  discharge  re-enlisted  in  Com 
pany  B,  7th  Illinois  Cavalry;  was  with  General  Pope  in  Missouri  and  at 
Corinth,  Miss.;  discharged  July  20,  1862;  enlisted  again  in  Company  F, 


i  &« 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  213 


84th  Illinois  Infantry,  August  20,  1862;  attached  to  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland,  Gray's  brigade,  Palmer's  division,  Crittenden's  corps;  was 
also  under  General  Canby  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf;  was  engaged 
in  the  battles  of  New  Madrid  (Mo.),  Perry ville,  Stone  River,  Chicka- 
mauga,  Lookout  Mountain,  Mission  Ridge  (Tenn.),  Atchafayla  Bayou  (La.), 
Fort  Blakely  (Ala. ),  and  numerous  skirmishes ;  served  as  a  private,  sergeant, 
sergeant-major,  ist  lieutenant  and  adjutant,  and  acting  assistant  adjutant- 
general;  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  through  mouth  and 
neck  and  in  the  right  hip;  in  January,  1864,  was  transferred  to  Company 
E,  23d  Regiment,  Veteran  Reserve  Corps;  April  2,  1864,  commissioned 
ist  lieutenant  and  adjutant  97th  Illinois  Infantry;  wounded  by  shell  in 
head,  near  Simmesport,  La.,  November,  1864;  shot  again  through  mouth 
and  neck,  jaws  broken,  tongue  cut,  and  left  forearm,  at  siege  of  Fort 
Blakely,  Ala.,  April  9,  1865;  was  returned  to  Quincy,  111.,  and  reported 
for  muster  out;  honorably  discharged  service  May  15,  1865;  is  a  pen 
sioner;  member  of  Lincoln  Post  at  Portland,  Or.,  and  resides  at  Oregon 
City;  has  never  recovered  from  his  wounds,  and  for  several  months  past 
has,  in  consequence  of  them,  been  confined  to  his  bed. 

RIO    D.  BARBER. 

Was  born  in  Allegany  County,  N.  Y.,  November  22,  1839;  entered 
Alfred  University,  Allegany  County,  N.  Y.,  teaching  a  portion  of  the 
time  to  pay  expenses.  Left  university  and  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Com 
pany  C,  85th  New  York  Volunteers,  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  September  26, 
1 86 1.  During  the  Peninsular  campaign  was  a  member  of  the  4th  (Keyes) 
Army  Corps,  and  participated,  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  in  the  battles 
of  that  campaign.  The  brigade  to  which  his  regiment  belonged  was 
subsequently  sent  to.  North  Carolina,  where  the  regiment  was  captured  at 
Plymouth,  N.  C.;  Dr.  Barber,  being  in  the  medical  director's  office  at 
the  time,  escaped  capture;  was  transferred  to  the  35th  U.  S.  Colored 
Troops  as  hospital  steward,  and  served  with  the  command  under  Colonel 
J.  C.  Beecher,  a  brother  of  Henry  Ward  Beecher,  on  the  islands  of  South 
Carolina,  with  General  Gilmore,  and  in  Florida  with  General  Seymour 
until  expiration  of  term  of  service.  After  being  mustered  out  entered 
medical  department,  Harvard  University,  from  which  he  took  the  degree 
of  M.  D.  March,  1865.  He  is  now  located  in  the  practice  of  his  profes 
sion  at  Worthington,  Minn.  Among  the  public  offices  held  by  comrade 
Barber  are  the  following:  Trustee  of  the  Minnesota  Soldiers'  Orphans' 
Home,  six  years;  judge  of  probate  for  Noble  County,  Minn.,  six  years; 
postmaster  at  Worthington,  five  years;  vice-president  of  State  Medical 


214  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Society;  delegate  to  American  Medical  Association  from  State  Society. 
He  was  a  charter  member  of  Stoddard  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  No.  34,  depart 
ment  of  Minnesota;  has  been  post  commander  one  term,  and  medical 
director  of  the  department  two  terms,  and  surgeon  of  his  post  from  time 
of  .formation ;  was  elected  an  alternate  delegate  from  Minnesota  to  the 
twentieth  national  encampment,  G.  A.  R.,  which  met  at  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  in  August,  1886. 

EDWARD   G.    MILLER. 

Was  born  in  Cornish,  York  County,  Me.,  September  3,  1840.  In  1851 
removed  to  the  State  of  Wisconsin,  and  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  was  a 
student  in  the  sophomore  class  in  the  University  of  Wisconsin.  On  April 
17,  1861,  enlisted  in  Company  K,  ist  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  commanded  by 
Captain — afterwards  General — Lucius  Fairchild,  the  present  Commander- 
in-Chief  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  Re-enlisted  at  the  expira 
tion  of  term  of  service  in  the  2oth  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  in  which  he  was 
commissioned  captain  August  18,  1862.  Served  under  General  Patterson 
in  Virginia,  and  in  the  army  of  the  frontier  in  Arkansas;  was  at  the  siege 
of  Vicksburg,  the  attack  on  Fort  Morgan,  and  the  capture  of  Mobile; 
served  in  Louisiana,  Texas,  and  Mexico.  His  regiment  was  one  of  the 
two  that  served  on  foreign  soil,  being  sent  to  protect  the  American  con 
sulate  at  Matamoras  during  one  of  the  chronic  Mexican  revolutions;  was 
finally  mustered  out  at  Galveston,Tex.,  July  14,  1865.  Since  that  time 
has  been  employed  in  farming  and  in  the  public  service.  Comrade  Miller 
removed  to  Iowa  in  1867  and  has  there  taken  a  great  interest  in  educational 
matters.  It  was  through  his  efforts  in  the  State  legislatures  of  1874  and 
1876  that  the  Iowa  State  Normal  School  was  established.  Among  the 
public  offices  which  he  has  held  are  those  of  county  superintendent  of 
schools  and  state  senator.  Was  a  charter  member  of  Robert  Anderson 
Post,  No.  68,  G.  A.  R.,  to  which  he  belongs,  has  been  its  post  commander, 
and  was  department  commander  of  Iowa  in  1884;  is  at  present  in  the 
U.  S.  postal  service,  and  resides  at  Waterloo,  Jefferson  County,  Wis. 

GOULD   H.  NORTON. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Varysburg,  Wyoming  County,  N.  Y.,  and 
at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  was  a  student  in  the  senior  class  at  the  Illinois 
State  University.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  33d  Illinois  Infantry,  August 
21,  1861.  His  regiment  was  in  great  part  formed  of  the  students  at  the 
university;  its  president,  General  Charles  E.  Hovey,  went  out  as  colonel, 
and  several  of  the  companies  were  officered  by  the  professors,  graduates, 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  215 

and  students.  Company  A  was  composed  almost  entirely  of  students,  and 
its  captain  was  one  of  the  professors.  The  regiment  served  in  the  Army 
of  the  Tennessee,  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  3d  Division,  i3th  Army 
Corps.  Comrade  Norton  was  mustered  in  as  2d  lieutenant,  but  was  after 
wards  successively  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  and  captain.  On  May  20, 
1863,  he  received  a  gun-shot  wound  in  the  breast  at  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  and 
in  August  following  was  mustered  out  at  that  place.  In  1864  was  captain 
qf  a  Mississippi  river  steamer  in  Government  service,  and  had  some  expe 
riences  with  guerrillas  who  infested  the  country  along  the  river.  In  1870 
moved  to  the  southern  frontier  of  Kansas,  and  with  some  others  founded 
the  town  of  Arkansas  City,  in  Cowley  County.  In  1874  there  was  an 
outbreak  of  the  Kiowas,  Comanches,  Cheyennes,  and  Osage  Indians,  who 
invaded  the  State  of  Kansas  and  committed  many  depredations  and  atroci 
ties.  Captain  Norton  was  appointed  captain  of  a  company  of  cavalry, 
State  militia,  and  took  the  field,  assigned  to  the  duty  of  guarding  sixty- 
eight  miles  of  the  frontier.  During  the  campaign,  under  the  authority  of 
Governor  Osborn,  he  raised  the  ist  Regiment  of  Cavalry,  Kansas  State 
Militia,  of  which  he  was  commissioned  colonel,  and  served  until  the  cam 
paign  was  ended  by  the  capture  of  the  hostile  Indians.  In  1875  removed 
to  Florida;  was  a  charter  member  of  Eustis  Post,  No.  5,  department  of 
Florida,  G.  A.  R. ,  and  served  as  its  post  commander  for  three  terms,  and 
has  been  successively  elected  junior  and  senior  vice-department  com 
mander,  and  department  commander,  which  latter  office  he  now  holds;  is 
engaged  in  the  business  of  nurseryman  and  orange  planter  at  Eustis, 
Orange  County,  Fla. 

DANIEL   KIEFER. 

Was  born  in  the  kingdom  of  Wurtemberg,  South  Germany,  Decem 
ber  15,  1841,  and  by  trade  is  an  engraver  and  die-sinker;  came  to  the 
United  States  with  his  parents  in  1853.  ^n  tne  latter  part  of  July,  1861, 
enlisted  in  Company  A,  55th  New  York  Volunteers,  which  was  mustered 
into  service  August  5,  1861;  served  in  all  the  battles  of  the  Peninsula 
campaign,  under  General  McClellan,  in  which  the  regiment  was  engaged; 
was  promoted  corporal,  and  finally  mustered  out  at  Fortress  Monroe,  Va., 
March  4,  1863.  On  return  to  civil  life  resumed  his  trade  at  Waterbury, 
Conn. ,  his  present  place  of  residence,  where  he  has  held  a  number  of  city 
offices,  and  is  now  president  of  the  Board  of  Councilmen.  On  January 
30,  1872,  he  joined  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  at  Milford,  Conn., 
but  was  transferred  to  Wadham  Post,  of  Waterbury,  September  19,  1879; 
in  it  he  has  served  as  post  commander  for  two  years;  was  elected  as  an 
alternate  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  twentieth  annual  encampment 


216  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  which  was  held  in  San  Francisco  in 
August,  1886.  The  grandfather  of  comrade  Kiefer,  who  had  emigrated 
to  America,  previous  to  his  parents,  was  a  soldier  in  the  United  States 
Army  in  the  Mexican  War. 

H.   H.   BIXBY. 

Was  born  in  Norridgewock,  Somerset  County,  Me.,  March  22,  1836, 
and  is  a  stock  farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  2ist  Maine  Volunteers, 
September  i,  1862,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  General  Auger's 
division,  igth  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  assault  on  Port  Hudson,  La.,  at 
the  siege  of  that  place,  and  in  several  other  engagements  and  skirmishes; 
was  honorably  discharged  from  service  August  25,  1863.  Is  a  member  of 
Stanton  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  which  is  his  place  of 
residence. 

M.   A.    FULLER. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Sherburne,  Vt. ,  November  27,  1835,  and  has 
been  engaged  in  various  business  occupations;  enlisted  in  Company  I,  34th 
Illinois  Volunteers,  September  7,  1861;  served  as  sergeant;  promoted  in 
April,  1862,  to  2d  lieutenant  and  subsequently  to  ist  lieutenant;  belonged 
to  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  afterwards  the  i4th  Army  Corps;  was 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Chickamauga,  and  Missionary  Ridge; 
at  the  last-named  action  was  shot  through  the  left  thigh  and  received  a 
wound  in  the  right  leg  by  the  explosion  of  a  shell,  laid  up  in  hospital  for 
some  months  in  consequence  of  wounds;  honorably  discharged  from  service 
February  28,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Grant  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Modesto,  Cal., 
and  resides  at  Turlock,  Stanislaus  County,  Cal. 


HENRY  R.  GIBSON. 

Was  born  in  1837,  and  is  a  native  of  Maryland;  his  occupations  in 
life  have  been  attorney  at  law,  editor  of  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  Republican, 
and  daily  Chronicle;  was  educated  at  Hobart  College,  Geneva,  N.  Y., 
graduating  in  1862;  entered  the  military  service  of  the  Government 
March  17,  1863,  as  ist  lieutenant  on  the  general  staff  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac;  was  engaged  in  the  second  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Chancellors- 
ville,  Monocacy,  and  in-  the  skirmishing  preliminary  to  Gettysburg; 
honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Wilmington,  Del.,  August  4,  1865. 
At  the  close  of  the  war  went  to  the  Albany,  N.  Y.,  law  school,  and  after 
the  completion  of  the  course  of  studies,  and  having  been  lincensed  to  prac 
tice  law  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  York,  moved  to  Knoxville,  Tenn., 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  217 

and  began  the  practice  of  his  profession.  In  1869  was  a  delegate  to  the  con 
stitutional  convention  which  made  the  present  constitution  of  the  State  of 
Tennessee,  but  refused  to  sign  it  because  of  some  obnoxious  provisions; 
in  1870  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate;  in  1872  was  Grant  presidential 
electoral  candidate;  in  1874  was  elected  to  the  Tennessee  house  of  rep 
resentatives;  in  1880  was  Garfield  electoral  candidate;  in  1881  appointed 
Post-office  Inspector;  in  1883  became  editor  of  Knoxville  daily  Chronicle 
and  consolidated  with  it  the  weekly  Knoxville  Republican,  and  in  August, 
1886,  was  chosen  chancellor  of  the  Second  Chancery  Division  of  Tennessee, 
by  a  majority  of  13,621;  he  is  a  member  of  Ed.  Maynard  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
at  Knoxville,  and  is  senior  vice-commander  of  the  department  of  Ten 
nessee  and  Georgia. 

JACOB    O.    BLACKBURN. 

Was  born  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  July  20,  1844;  has  been  a  printer; 
his  present  occupation  is  that  of  attorney-at-law ;  shipped  as  an  able  sea 
man  on  the  U.  S.  receiving  ship  Grampus,  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  February 
27,  1864,  and  was  transferred  to  the  U.  S.  ram  Avenger,  with  Banks' 
expedition  up  Red  River,  La.,  and  served  continuously  on  the  southern 
rivers  until  March,  1865,  when  he  was  mustered  out  by  reason  of  expira 
tion  of  term  of  service.  Previous  to  entering  the  navy,  comrade  Blackburn 
had  served  in  the  National  Guard  of  Ohio,  and  took  part  in  the  pursuit 
and  capture  of  the  rebel  general  John  Morgan  in  his  foray  through 
Southern  Indiana  and  Ohio;  was  also  in  some  of  the  actions  in  West  Vir 
ginia  in  the  early  part  of  the  war.  Resuming  civil  life  he  studied  law  at 
Steubenville  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  came  to  California  in  1869,  set 
tled  and  has  resided  ever  since  in  Merced;  has  filled,  for  two  terms,  the 
office  of  Justice  of  the  Peace;  is  a  member  of  Hancock  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Merced,  and  is  post  adjutant;  also  assistant  inspector  of  the  department  of 
California. 

JOHN    PALMER. 

Was  born  on  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.,  March  22,  1842;  received  a  public 
school  education,  learned  the  trade  of  fresco  painting,  and  was  so  engaged 
when  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  B,  9ist  New  York  Volunteers, 
September  21,  1861.  He  was  promoted  to  corporal,  sergeant,  sergeant- 
major,  2d  lieutenant,  ist  lieutenant,  and  captain,  and  served  in  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  participating  in  most  of  its  battles,  being  finally  mustered 
out  with  his  regiment  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  July  3,  1865.  At  the  battle  of 
Five  Forks,  Va.,  had  his  spine  badly  injured  by  a  wounded  horse  falling 
on  him,  from  the  effects  of  which  he  has  never  entirely  recovered,  though 


218  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

he  has  sought  the  assistance  of  the  most  eminent  surgeons  in  the  United 
States  and  Europe.  In  his  business  of  painting  and  decorations  he  has 
been  very  successful,  and  much  admired  for  artistic  skill,  particularly  in 
the  decorations  of  the  new  State  capitol  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  He  was  one  of 
the  originators  of  the  State  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Home  at  Bath,  Steuben 
County,  N.  Y.,  and  has  formally  years  been  a  trustee  of  that  institution, 
and  chairman  of  the  executive  committee;  is  a  charter  member  of  Lew 
Benedict  Post,  No.  5,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  his  place  of  residence; 
has  served  as  post  commander,  senior  vice-department  commander,  twice 
as  department  commander,  and  was  elected  Senior  Vice-Commander-in- 
Chief  in  1879;  nas  been  a  regular  attendant  at  department  and  national 
encampments. 

CYRUS  H.  ABBOTT. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Ogden,  Monroe  County,  N.  Y. ,  and  is  a 
fanner.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  93d  Illinois  Volunteers,  August  14,  1862 ; 
was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant,  April  n,  1865;  belonged  to  the  3d  Bri 
gade,  3d  Division,  i5th  Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Vicks- 
burg,  at  the  battles  of  Chattanooga,  Mission  Ridge,  Siege  of  Atlanta  and 
the  battles  in  the  vicinity;  was  with  General  Sherman  in  his  march  to 
the  sea  and  through  the  Carolinas,  participating  in  all  the  engagements 
of  the  campaign,  and  was  present  at  the  grand  review  in  Washington  city ; 
mustered  out  June  23,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Grant  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Modesto,  Cal.,  and  resides  at  Turlock,  Stanislaus  County,  Cal. 


HENRY  A.  GREENE. 

Was  born  in  Woonsocket,  Providence  County,  R.  I. ,  October  26, 
1826,  and  is  by  occupation  a  machinist;  was  educated  in  the  common 
schools  and  at  Leicester  Academy,  Worcester  County,  Mass;  left  Provi 
dence  for  California  in  December,  1851;  was  engaged  in  mining  in  the 
Sonora  mines  for  a  time,  then  in  business  for  three  years  in  San  Fran 
cisco,  and  afterwards  at  Nevada  City.  Enlisted  in  ist  California  Infantry, 
in  May,  1861;  commenced  to  recruit  Company  G,  of  that  regiment,  in 
Nevada  County,  Cal.,  June,  1861.  It  was  organized  and  elected  its  officers 
June  28,  1861;  was  recruited,  subsisted  and  transported  from  Nevada  City 
to  San  Francisco  at  Captain  Greene's  own  expense.  The  Company  was 
mustered  into  service  at  the  Presidio  August  3,  1861,  and  he  was  commis 
sioned  its  captain;  belonged  to  what  was  known  as  the  "California,"  and 
served  in  the  department  of  New  Mexico,  under  General  Carleton,  and 
was  engaged  in  several  Indian  fights.  Was  appointed  major  ist  New 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  219 

Mexico  Volunteers  July  18,  1864,  but  did  not  accept;  on  being  mustered 
out,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  three  years'  term  of  service,  went  east, 
and  was  appointed  captain  in  General  Hancock's  ist  Army  Corps,  Veteran 
Reserves,  February  6,  1865;  he  is  a  member  of  Rodman  Post,  No.  12, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Providence,  R.  I.,  his  place  of  residence. 

JOHN    UPTON. 

Was  born  in  Salem,  Mass.,  December  n,  1838;  has  been  a  printer 
and  is  at  present  a  claim  attorney.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  ist  California 
Infantry,  August  26,  1861;  served  as  a  private,  corporal,  second  sergeant, 
and  first  sergeant;  on  duty  in  the  department  of  New  Mexico,  and  most 
of  the  time  engaged  in  Indian  scouting;  received  a  stroke  of  paralysis  in 
left  arm  and  leg  August  23,  1863,  at  Fort  West,  N.  M.,  the  day  after  his 
return  from  an  Apache  scout  in  the  White  Mountains;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  at  Rio  Membree,  N.  M.,  January  i,  1864;  was 
the  first  comrade  mustered  by  General  John  F.  Miller  to  print  the  secret 
ritual  before  any  post  was  organized  in  California;  is  a  member  of  Lincoln 
Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  his  place  of  residence,  and  was 
post  adjutant  from  1874  to  1880,  six  years. 

B.  F.  BIVINS. 

Was  born  in  Erie  County,  N.  Y. ,  March  6,  1836;  moved  to  Iowa 
with  his  parents  in  1844;  raised  on  a  farm;  was  a  teacher  ten  years,  and 
is  at  present  engaged  in  mining;  was  educated  at  Iowa  State  University,  . 
but  left  a  few  weeks  before  graduating  and  enlisted  in  Company  D,  24th 
Iowa  Infantry,  August  14,  1862;  served  as  a  sergeant;  was  commissioned 
2d  lieutenant  in  December,  1863,  and  ist  lieutenant  in  January,  1864; 
was  in  all  of  the  campaigns  on  the  Arkansas  till  Vicksburg,  in  which 
siege  and  all  the  principal  battles  attending  it  the  regiment  took  part;  led 
personally  the  second  and  successful  charge  at  Champion  Hills,  Miss., 
May  16,  1863,  after  the  division  (the  i2th),  i3th  Army  Corps,  to  which 
he  belonged,  had  been  forced  back  in  its  first  onset.  Lossing,  in  his 
"History  of  the  Civil  War,"  says:  "The  24th  Iowa  was  called  the  'Meth 
odist  Regiment,'  its  principal  officers  and  a  large  portion  of  its  men  being 
of  that  denomination.  They  fought  most  gallantly,  and  at  evening  after 
the  battle  was  over  they  held  a  religious  meeting  and  made  the  hills 
resound  with  the  grand  air  and  stirring  words  of  'Old  Hundred.'  "  After 
the  capture  of  Vicksburg  the  regiment  was  attached  to  the  igth  Army 
Corps,  and  was  in  both  the  Red  River  expeditions.  Comrade  Bivins  was 


220  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

ordered  by  Secretary  of  War  for  examination  in  North  Arkansas  for  com 
mission  in  colored  troops;  passed  successfully,  and  received  commission 
as  2d  lieutenant  and  ist  lieutenant  of  the  dates  before  stated;  helped  to 
organize  and  drill  the  corps ;  was  on  duty  as  captain  and  assistant  surgeon 
— as  he  had  gone  through  a  medical  course — when  he  was  taken  prisoner 
on  Lake  Marafos,  La.,  March  13,  1865,  and  was  held  as  such  for  thirty- 
three  days;  ran  great  risk  of  being  hung  on  account  of  being  an  officer  of 
colored  troops;  was  released  after  the  final  surrender  of  the  rebel  forces; 
honorably  discharged  from  service  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  May,  1865.  After 
the  war  came  to  the  Pacific  Coast,  and  was  principal  of  Carson  City  public 
school  for  two  years.  Began  mining  in  eastern  Nevada  in  1868;  moved 
from  thence  to  Oakland,  Cal.,  and  then  to  Arizona  in  1879;  nas  been  in 
Mexico  the  greater  portion  of  the  last  three  years,  engaged  in  mining.  Is 
a  member  of  Negley  Post,  No.  35,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Tucson,  A.  Ty.,  which  is 
his  post-office  address. 

LIVINGSTON   DICKASON. 

Is  a  native  of  Marion  County,  Ohio,  and  by  occupation  a  contractor. 
Enlisted  in  the  4th  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  which  was  organized  at 
Columbus,  Ohio,  April  25,  1861,  as  a  three  months'  regiment;  re-enlisted 
in  the  64th  Ohio  Volunteers,  which  was  recruited  and  mustered  into 
service,  at  Mansfield,  Ohio,  November  9,  1861,  for  three  years;  served  as 
a  private  and  sergeant;  belonged  to  General  Garfield's  brigade,  afterwards 
to  Harker's  brigade,  Wood's  division,  Crittenden's  corps;  was  in  the 
battles  of  Shiloh,  Stone  River,  and  Chickamauga;  in  the  last-named 
action  was  .severely  wounded  in  the  left  arm,  for  which  he  is  .now  in  the 
receipt  of  a  pension;  honorably  discharged  in  June,  1864.  After  the  war 
moved  to  Illinois,  .where  he  has  acquired  a  comfortable  fortune;  was  for 
ten  years  mayor  of  Danville,  Ills. ;  is  a  member  of  Hanford  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
at  that  city,  his  place  of  residence,  and  during  the  year  1884  was  depart 
ment  commander  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  of  Illinois;  is  at 
present,  and  for  two  years  has  been,  one  of  the  three  trustees  of  the  Illi 
nois  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Home. 


LUMAN   A.  MANCHESTER. 

Was  born  in  Clay  County,  Mo.,  November  23,  1828,  and  is  a  black 
smith.  Enlisted  in  November,  1862,  in  Company  E,  California  Battalion, 
which  proceeded  by  steamer  and  the  Panama  isthmus,  shortly  after  being 
raised,  to  the  East,  to  take  part  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was 
incorporated  with  the  2d  Massachusetts  Cavalry;  served  as  a  sergeant; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  221 

belonged  for  a  time  to  the  22d  Army  Corps,  and  then  to  Lowell's  Brigade, 
Merritt's  Division,  Sheridan's  Cavalry  Corps.  Took  part  in  the  battles 
at  Ashby's  Gap,  Gettysburg,  Winchester,  and  all  the  engagements  of 
Sheridan's  cavalry  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley;  at  Brockville  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  enemy  and  was  a  prisoner  for  a  few  days,  when  he  managed 
to  escape,  and  rejoined  his  regiment;  was  slightly  wounded  in  the  face  at 
Waynesborough  by 'a  fragment  of  shell;  was  present  at  the  battle  of  Five 
Forks  and  the  other  actions  up  to  the  time  of  General  Lee's  surrender 
at  Appomattox;  participated  in  the  grand  review  at  Washington  city; 
honorably  discharged  from  service  July  20,  1865.  Has  served  a  term  as 
justice  of  the  peace  at  Stockton,  Cal.  Is  a  member  of  Hancock  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Merced,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  holds  the  position  of  officer 
of  the  guard  of  his  post. 

THOMAS  ZANTZINGER  MORROW. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Flemingsburg,  Fleming  County,  Ky.,  in 
1835,  and  having  graduated  at  Center  College  in  1855,  and  at  the  Tran 
sylvania  law  school  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law.  Entered  the  service 
October  28,  1862.  in  the  32d  Kentucky  Infantry,  and  was  mustered  out 
with  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel,  at  Danville,  Ky.,  August  12,  1863; 
was  in  the  battle  at  Stanford,  Ky.,  and  other  engagements;  since  the  war 
has  been  county  attorney  of  Pulaski  County,  Ky.,  member  of  both  houses 
of  the  State  Legislature  and  U.  S.  Assessor  of  Internal  Revenue;  is  a  judge 
of  the  8th  Judicial  District  of  Ky. ;  a  member  of  C.  A.  Zachary  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  at  Somerset,  Ky. ,  his  place  of  residence,  and  has  been  post  and 
department  commander. 

HIRAM  HOYT  RICHMOND. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Lebanon,  Madison  County,  N.  Y.,  May 
8,  1843,  and  is  a  school  teacher.  Was  attending  school,  preparing  for 
college,  and  not  quite  eighteen  years  of  age  when  he  enlisted  in  Company 
C,  26th  New  York  Volunteers,  April  26,  1861.  Served  as  a  private  ; 
belonged  to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  ist  Army  Corps.  In  a  skirmish 
at  Accotink,  Fairfax  County,  Va.,  September  5,  1861,  was  captured 
by  a  detachment  of  the  rebel  General  Wade  Hampton's  cavalry,  and 
was  a  prisoner  of  war  for  about  nine  months,  being  confined  during  that 
period  at  Richmond,  Va.,  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  and  Salisbury,  N.  C.  ;  was 
exchanged,  and  rejoined  his  regiment  in  time  to  be  present  at  the  battle 
of  Antietam,  and  afterwards  at  Fredericksburg,  where  he  received  a 


222  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

gunshot  wound  in  the  left  thigh  ;  was  honorably  mentioned  for  gallantry, 
and  would  have  been  commissioned  as  a  lieutenant  but  the  severity  of 
the  wound  compelled  the  surgeon  under  whose  care  he  was  to  report  him  as 
unfit  for  active  service,  and  he  was  therefore,  in  January,  1863,  discharged 
the  service  on  account  of  physical  disability.  He  then  attended  Cazenovia 
Seminary,  N.  Y.,  for  two  years;  came  to  California  in  1867,  and  engaged 
in  school  teaching,  which  has  been  his  profession  for  over  twenty  years  ; 
has  published  a  volume  of  poetry  entitled  "  Montezuma, "  which  was 
favorably  spoken  of  by  the  press  and  some  of  the  acknowledged  leading 
poets  of  the  country  ;  is  a  member  and  chaplain  of  Belmont  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
Auburn,  Cal.,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 

JOSEPH    P.   JENKINS. 

Was  born  in  Monroe  County,  Tenn.,  June  17,  1835,  and  is  a  harness- 
maker;  came  across  the  plains  to  California  in  1854;  enlisted  in  Company 
D,  8th  California  Infantry,  December  28,  1864,  and  served  as  a  musician. 
His  regiment  was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  Department  of  California,  and 
was  mustered  out  October  24,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Francisco,  and  is  at  present  a  resident  of  Fresno,  Cal. 

CHARLES   OTIS   PARK. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Brighton,  Suffolk  County,  Mass.,  January 
17,  1824,  and  is  a  car  painter;  enlisted  in  Company  B,  i2th  Massachusetts 
Infantry,  June  21,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  in  the  battle  of 
Ball's  Bluff,  Va. ;  discharged  November  20,  1861,  on  surgeon's  certificate 
of  physical  disability,  the  result  of  a  severe  attack  of  typhoid  fever;  is  a 
member  of  Appomattox  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Oakland,  Cal.,  his  place  of 
residence,  and  holds  the  office  of  post  surgeon. 

WALTER  N.  BISHOP. 

Was  born  in  the  city  of  London,  Eng.,  September  2,  1846,  and  is  by 
occupation  a  clerk.  Enlisted  in  February,  1863,  in  Company  M,  5th  N.  Y. 
Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private,  belonged  to  the  Cavalry  Corps  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  in  several  skirmishes  with  Mosby's  cavalry; 
at  the  battles  of  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  the  cavalry  fight  at  Brandy 
Station,  the  Wilderness,  the  Siege  of  Petersburg,  until  July,  1864;  then 
formed  a  portion  of  Sheridan's  Cavalry  Corps  in  his  operations  in  the 
Shenandoah  Valley,  participated  in  all  the  actions  of  that  campaign;  the 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  223 

regiment,  after  the  battle  of  Cedar  Creek,  being  detailed  as  General 
Sheridan's  body-guard;  returning  to  the  lines  at  Petersburg,  was  on  duty 
there  until  the  capture  of  that  place ;  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Five  Forks, 
and  present  at  the  surrender  of  Lee's  army  at  Appomatox;  was  slightly 
wounded  on  the  chin,  by  a  musket-ball,  in  action  at  Reams  Station,  Va. ; 
honorably  discharged  from  service  in  August,  1865;  came  to  California 
in  1866,  and  is  a  resident  of  Fresno;  a  member  of  Atlanta  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  that  place,  and  its  officer  of  the  day. 


PETER   CLANCEY. 

Was  born  in  Sligo,  Ireland,  June  29,  1847,  and  is  a  barber;  as  a  citi 
zen  was  attached  to  Company  A,  48th  Massachusetts  Infantry,  and  took 
part  in  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  May  27  to  July  9,  1863.  Enlisted  in 
Company  F,  59th  Massachusetts  Infantry,  February  7,  1864,  and  served  as 
a  private;  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  gth  Corps,  Army  of 
the  Potomac;  was  in  the  battles  of  Mine  Run,  the  Wilderness,  Spottsyl- 
vania  Court-house,  and  North  Anna  River;  captured  in  the  last-named 
battle  May  24,  1864,  and  confined  in  Anderson ville  and  other  southern 
prisons  until  April  28,  1865,  when  he  was  liberated  in  consequence  of  the 
termination  of  the  war;  was  sent  to  Camp  Parole  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  and 
finally  mustered  out  at  Boston,  Mass.,  May  24,  1865;  is  a  member  of 
General  McDowell  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Rafael,  Cal.,  his  place  of  resi 
dence;  has  been  assistant  inspector  on  staff  of  department  commander, 
and  is  officer  of  the  day  of  his  post. 


WILLIAM   EMMOR   GRIFFITH. 

Past  department  commander;  was  born  in  Washington  County,  Pa., 
January  17,  ,1842,  and  comes  of  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  highly 
respected  families  in  the  Monongahela  Valley.  In  December,  1861,  left 
school,  and  on  January  i,  1862,  enlisted  as  a  private  in  independent 
company,  Washington  cavalry,  afterward  Company  B,  22d  Pennsylvania 
Cavalry,  and  was  promoted  as  follows:  quartermaster-sergeant,  February 
i,  1863;  ist  sergeant,  May  15,  1864;  ist  lieutenant,  November  26,  1864; 
captain,  March  3,  1865.  Captain  Griffith  was  wounded  in  the  shoulder 
at  Clear  Spring,  Md.,  July  8,  1863;  in  the  foot  near  Martinsburg,  W.  Va., 
in  December,  1864;  on  the  shoulder  at  Romney,  W.  Va.,  February  21,  1865; 
mustered  out  May  18,  1865.  Since  the  war  he  has  been  a  bank  account 
ant  and  a  shipper  of  coal.  Is  now  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Cumber 
land  daily  News.  Has  been  a  member  and  president  of  the  city  council, 


224  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

and  in  January,  1884,  was  unanimously  nominated  for  State  Treasurer  of 
Maryland  by  the  joint  caucus  of  Republican  senators  and  members  of  the 
Maryland  Legislature.  Is  a  member  of  the  board  of  deacons  and  also  one 
of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  First  Presbyterian  Church  of  Cumberland, 
Md.  Among  the  numerous  engagements  participated  in  are  the  following: 
Blue  Gap,  W.  Va. ;  Blomery  Furnace,  W.  Va. ;  Strausbury,  Winchester, 
(three  times),  Kearnstown,  Darksville,  Snickers  Gap,  Ashby's  Gap,  Bunker 
Hill,  Stephenson's  Depot,  Buckelstown,  near  Martinsburg,  Opequan, 
Fisher's  Hill,  Cedar  Creek,  Moorefield,  all  in  Virginia  and  West  Virginia; 
and  Clear  Spring,  Md.,  and  a  number  of  others.  Served  in  5th  and  8th 
Corps,  and  at  different  times  under  Generals  Kelly,  Landers,  Shields, 
Banks,  Carroll,  Sheridan,  Merritt,  Torbert,  Custer,  Averill,  Crook,  and 
Emory.  Served  on  General  Shields'  non-commissioned  staff  at  Winchester, 
March  18,  1862,  and  afterwards  received  a  special  letter  from  the  general 
complimenting  him  for  his  bravery  and  fidelity  to  duty  during  that  engage 
ment,  and  others  which  followed.  Comrade  Griffith  was  a  charter  member 
of  Tyler  Post,  No.  5,  department  of  Maryland,  and  has  been  quarter 
master,  senior  vice-commander,  post-commander,  junior  vice-department 
commander  and  department  commander.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
military  order  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  U.  S. ,  commandery  of  the  District  of 
Columbia.  Is  a  resident  of  Cumberland,  Md. 


CHARLES   BENT. 

Was  born  in  Chicago,  Ills.,  Decembers,  1844;  in  May,  1856,  removed 
with  his  family  to  Morrison,  Whiteside  County,  Ills.,  where  hehas  since  made 
his  home.  In  June,  1858,  was  apprenticed  to  learn  the  printing  business  in 
the  office  of  The  Whiteside  Sentinel,  and  after  finishing  his  term  of  ser 
vice  occupied  the  position  of  workman  in  the  same  office.  In  June,  1864, 
enlisted  in  the  i4oth  Illinois,  and  was  mustered  out  by  conclusion  of  term 
of  service  October  29,  1864;  re-enlisted  February  2,  1865,  in  the  i4/th 
Illinois,  which  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  Army  of  the 
Cumberland,  and  was  honorably  discharged  at  Savannah,  Ga.,  January  20, 
1866;  served  respectively  as  sergeant,  ist  sergeant,  and  2d  lieutenant; 
returned  home  and  again  engaged  in  the  printing  business  and  in  July, 
1867,  purchased  the  office  and  has  since  been  (except  from  February ,  1877, 
to  March,  1879,  during  which  time  he  was  engaged  in  writing  and  pub 
lishing  a  history  of  Whiteside  County)  and  is  at  the  present  time,  editor  and 
proprietor  of  The  Whiteside  Sentinel;  is  a  charter  member  of  Alpheus 
Clark  Post,  No.  118,  G.  A.  R.,  Morrison,  Ills.,  has  several  times  been  the  rep 
resentative  of  the  post  to  the  State  encampment,  and  has  been  a  member 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  225 

of  the  staff  of  the  commander  of  the  department  of  Illinois.  In  civil  life 
has  held  the  following  positions :  Assistant  assessor  of  internal  revenue  in 
the  3d  collection  district  of  Illinois,  from  December,  1870,  until  the  office 
of  revenue  assessor  was  abolished  in  1873;  alderman  of  the  city  of  Morri 
son,  1870-72,  1875-77;  member  of  the  board  of  education,  1877-84.  In 
November,  1878,  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  from  the  nth  District, 
comprising  the  counties  of  Carroll  and  Whiteside,  for  the  term  of  four 
years.  In  April,  1883,  was  appointed  by  Governor  Hamilton  a  member  of 
the  State  Board  of  Canal  Commissioners  for  the  term  of  two  years,  and 
was  president  of  the  board  during  that  time.  At  the  Republican  State 
Convention  of  1 886  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Central  Committee 
to  represent  the  7th  congressional  district,  and  is  a  member  of  the  execu 
tive  and  finance  committees.  All  the  male  members  of  his  family  were 
in  the  army,  his  father,  Alphonso  Bent,  being  a  member  of  Company  H, 
5th  Missouri  Cavalry,  and  dying  while  in  service,  of  typhus  fever,  at 
Waynesville,  Mo.,  June  n,  1863;  and  his  brother,  Geo.  R.  Bent,  being  a 
private  in  Company  F,  93d  Illinois  Infantry. 

JOSEPH   W.    HARRISON. 

Was  born  November  13,  1837,  in  Charleston,  S.  C. ;  has  been  by 
occupation  a  cook,  steward,  waiter,  and  porter;  is  at  present  a  Pullman 
car  porter;  enlisted  in  August,  1864,  in  the  U.  S.  Navy  and  served  as 
captain's  cook  on  board  the  U.  S.  steamer  Paul  Jones  in  the  West  Gulf 
Squadron;  was  honorably  discharged  in  May,  1867.  Comrade  Harrison  is  a 
member  of  lyyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Oakland,  Cal.,  and  a  resident  of  San 
Francisco. 

DAVID   CLARK. 

Was  born  August  9,  1837,  in  New  Haven,  Conn.;  has  been  and  still 
is  a  seaman.  Enlisted  in  the  U.  S.  Navy,  and  has  been  continuously  in 
the  service  since  June  3,  1855;  is  at  present  attached  to  the  U.  S.  receiv 
ing  ship  Independence;  during  his  thirty-one  years'  service  he  has  filled 
the  positions  of  gunner's  mate,  boatswain's  mate,  and  other  petty  officer 
ratings;  during  the  war  served  in  the  brig  Perry,  the  Bienville,  and  the 
gunboat  Fox;  was  in  the  engagement  at  Mobile  Bay,  June  4,  1861;  was 
in  the  brig  Perry  at  the  time  of  her  engagement  with  and  her  capture  of 
the  Confederate  privateer  Savannah  (letter  of  marque)  Captain  Baker, 
with  the  brig  Joseph,  of  Rockland,  Me.,  which  she  had  herself  captured 
that  day, after  an  exciting  chase  of  eighteen  hours'  duration;  the  crew  and 
officers  of  the  privateer  were  taken  to  New  York  and  tried,  and  although 


226  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

defended  by  the  eminent  lawyer  Charles  O'Connor,  were  condemned  to 
death ;  the  battle  of  Bull  Run  occurred  shortly  afterwards,  and  Jefferson 
Davis  threatened  that  if  these  men  were  executed  he  would  retaliate  by 
executing  an  equal  number  of  the  most  distinguished  prisoners  taken  at 
Bull  Run,  their  lives  were  consequently  saved.  Comrade  Clark  at  present 
holds  the  position  of  armorer  in  the  U.  S.  Navy,  and  was  present  and 
paraded  with  Farragut  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Vallejo,  Cal.,  at  the  twentieth 
national  encampment  parade  in  San  Francisco. 

SAMUEL  IRWIN  GIVIN. 

Was  born  in  County  Antrim,  Ireland,  April  18,  1833.  His  occupations 
in  life  have  been  various.  Has  been  a  carpenter  and  builder,  a  carpenter's 
mate  in  the  United  States  Navy,  a  policeman,  and  at  present  is  the 
general  superintendent  of  the  Electro-Pneumatic  Transit  Company,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  Enlisted  in  3d  Pennsylvania  Artillery,  September  i, 
1862,  and  at  the  expiration  of  term  of  service  assisted  in  raising  the 
1 88th  Pennsylvania  Volunteers.  Served  in  all  the  grades  from  private 
to  colonel,  to  which  last  he  was  promoted  November  i,  1865,  having  in 
the  month  of  March  previous  been  brevetted  to  that  rank  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services.  Belonged  to  the  gth,  loth,  i8th,  and  24th  Army 
Corps,  and  was  in  the  numerous  battles  and  engagements  of  those  corps, 
including  campaigns  in  Virginia,  North  and  South  Carolina;  was  wounded 
and  taken  prisoner  in  the  battle  of  Cold  Harbor,  but  escaped ;  mustered  out 
of  service,  with  his  regiment,  December  23,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  U.  S. 
Grant  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.  ;  is  a  past  post  commander,  has 
been  junior  vice-department  commander,  senior  vice-department  com 
mander,  assistant  quartermaster-general,  and  department  commander  of 
Pennsylvania,  to  which  last  position  he  was  unanimously  elected. 

CHARLES  MYRON  HOLTON. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Potter,  Yates  County,  N.  Y.,  and  is  by 
profession  a  lawyer  ;  at  present  is  the  editor  and  publisher  of  the 
Yakima  Republican,  W.  Ty.  ;  graduated  at  Hamilton  College,  N.  Y. 
Enlisted  in  Company  A,  yth  Michigan  Cavalry,  September  4,  1862. 
Served  as  ist  sergeant,'  promoted  to  2d  and  ist  lieutenant,  being  mus 
tered  out  with  the  latter  rank  at  .Fort  Leavenworth,  Kas.,  June  17, 
1865.  Belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  Cavalry  Corps,  Army 
of  the  Potomac.  Was  in  the  battles  of  Boonsborough,  Falling  Waters, 
Hagerstown,  the  Wilderness,  Glen  Allen,  Richmond,  Trevillian  Station, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  227 

Winchester,  Cedar  Creek,  and  engaged  in  many  cavalry  skirmishes.  Was 
taken  prisoner  in  a  skirmish  near  Borea  Church,  Va. ,  confined  in  Libby 
Prison,  Va. ,  and  on  Belle  Island ;  as  soon  as  exchanged,  rejoined  the 
Cavalry  Corps.  Was  aid  to  General  Custer,  and  after  that  on  staff  duty 
until  mustered  out  ;  is  a  member  of  Meade  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Yakima, 
W.  Ty.,  his  place  of  residence;  has  been  adjutant,  officer  of  the  day, 
post  commander,  and  is  at  present  department  commander  of  Washington 
Territory. 

HORACE   BELL. 

Was  born  in  New  Albany,  Ind.,  December  n,  1830;  was  reasonably 
well  educated,  being  a  law  student  when  the  California  gold  fever  broke 
out;  came  to  California  in  1850  and  became  a  miner;  afterwards  engaged 
in  the  publication  of  a  newspaper  in  San  Francisco.  In  1853  became  a 
State  Ranger,  and  served  for  two  years  during  the  exciting  times  in 
Southern  California;  published  an  interesting  book,  which  had  quite  an 
extensive  sale,  entitled  "Reminiscences  of  a  Ranger;  or  Early  Times  in 
Southern  California."  In  1856  went  to  Nicaragua  in  the  Walker  expedi 
tion,  and  served  throughout  that  sanguinary  and  unfortunate  war  of  two 
years'  duration.  When  Fort  Sumter  was  fired  upon,  comrade  Bell,  then 
a  resident  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  and  on  his  way  overland,  had  nearly 
reached  Fort  Smith,  Ark.,  he  immediately  changed  his  route  for  Wash 
ington  city,  to  offer  his  services  to  the  Government.  Stopping  at  Indian 
apolis,  he  found  the  6th  Indiana  Volunteers  in  process  of  organization, 
joined  it  and  became  drill-master  for  the  officers.  After  the  battle  of 
Philippi,  W.  Va. ,  in  which  he  participated,  he  was  commissioned  to 
organize  a  company  of  scouts,  and  as  commander  of  such  served  through 
the  campaign.  After  the  completion  of  his  service  in  West  Virginia  he 
went  to  General  Grant  in  Kentucky,  and  served  as  a  scout  till  after  the 
battle  of  Shiloh,  then  going  to  General  McClellan,  to  which  officer  he 
rendered  such  valuable  service  that  he  was  complimented  by  that  general 
with  a  special  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  War.  About  the  time  the  Banks 
expedition  left  New  York  comrade  Bell  was  sent  on  secret  service  to 
Havana — a  very  delicate  matter,  in  which  he  acquitted  himself  with 
credit,  and  reported  to  General  Banks  at  New  Orleans.  He  was  then 
commissioned  as  captain,  Company  B,  2d  Louisiana  Cavalry.  When 
General  Banks  was  cut  off  at  Red  River,  and  had  not  been  heard  of  for 
fourteen  days,  the  captain  volunteered  to  carry  a  message  from  General 
Canby,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Red  River,  to  Banks,  whose  whereabouts 
was  unknown.  The  purport  of  the  message  was  that  Banks  should  fight 
his  way  out;  Canby  would  meet  him  at  some  point  on  the  Atchafalaya 


228  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

and  help  him  cross  the  river.  The  captain  had  not  proceeded  more  than 
a  mile  from  the  Union  camp  before  he  was  captured,  dismounted,  and 
made  to  march  all  day  under  guard  between  two  mounted  cavalrymen. 
Crossing  YellowT  Bayou  in  a  flat,  one  of  the  guards  laid  down  his  carbine 
to  help  man  the  boat.  Bell  seized  the  carbine,  knocked  the  armed  guard 
overboard,  and  compelled  the  other  to  push  the  boat  back,  then  mounted 
one  horse  and  rode  off  leading  the  other,  meeting  and  evading  small  par 
ties  of  rebels  as  best  he  could;  an  hour  after  sunrise  the  next  morning 
from  the  time  he  escaped  the  message  to  General  Banks  was  duly  deliv 
ered.  From  thence  to  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  attached  to  the  staff  of 
General  Canby,  and  had  full  charge  of  all  scouting  service  for  the  terri 
tory  west  of  the  Mississippi  and  soiith  of  Red  River;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  from  service  September  30,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  is  post  commander, 
and  now  serving  as  such  his  third  term. 


WM.  W.    TYSON. 

Was  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  Aiigust  i,  1834,  and  has  been  by  occu 
pation  an  engineer;  is  at  present  the  commander  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Home  at  Erie.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  45th  Penn 
sylvania  Volunteers,  and  mustered  as  ist  sergeant  September  6,  1861; 
commissioned  2d  lieutenant  December  2,  1861;  promoted  to  ist  lieu 
tenant  August  17,  1862,  and  captain  September  25,  1862;  assigned  to 
Howard's  brigade,  Casey's  division,  Army  of  Potomac,  October  28,  1861; 
ordered  to  South  Carolina  and  assigned  to  General  Thomas  W.  Sherman's 
command  December  6th;  on  duty  at  Bay  Point,  Fort  Walker,  Mosquito 
Creek,  occupation  of  James  Island  and  Secessionville,  S.  C. ;  then  at  New 
port  News,  Va.,  and  assigned  to  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  gth  Army  Corps; 
took  part  in  destruction  of  bridges  at  Potomac  Creek,  Brooks,  and  stores 
at  Acquia  Creek;  superintended  the  forwarding  of  all  trains  from  Frederick 
City,  Md.,  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  during  the  Antietam  campaign; 
was  in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  and  Fredericksburg; 
had  charge  of  transportation  of  military  stores  of  9th  Army  Corps  from 
Newport  News  to  Covington,  Ky. ;  was  at  the  siege  of  Vicksburg;  the 
engagements  at  Big  Black  River,  Hall's  Cross-roads,  and  Jackson,  Miss. ; 
served  as  inspecting  officer  ist  Division,  9th  Army  Corps,  from  August, 
1863,  to  April,  1864;  in  action  at  Blue  Springs,  Tenn.,  Lenoir,  Louden- 
ville  (wounded  slightly  in  foot),  Campbell  Station,  Kingston,  and  defense 
of  Knoxville;  acting  assistant  engineer  in  destruction  of  bridge  across 
Holston  River,  and  in  erection  of  Fort  Sanders  and  other  fortifications  at 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  229 

Knoxville;  present  in  the  battles  of  Fort  Sanders,  Ream's  Station,  Clinch 
Church,  and  Elaine's  Cross-roads;  appointed  inspecting  officer  4th  Divi 
sion,  Qth  Corps;  took  part  in  the  Wilderness  campaign;  at  Cold  Harbor, 
Petersburg,  mine  explosion,  and  battle  of  Crater,  Weldon  Railroad,  and 
Poplar  Springs  Church.  Mustered  out  October  20,  1864,  by  reason  of 
expiration  of  term  of  service.  Has  been  captain  in  the  igth  Regiment 
National  Guards  of  Pennsylvania;  major  in  the  same  regiment;  major  and 
ordnance  officer,  3d  Brigade  National  Guards,  Pennsylvania,  staff  of  General 
Beaver.  Was  employed  in  the  United  States  internal  revenue  service  in 
1866;  street  commissioner  Allegheny  City  for  three  years;  sealer  of  weights 
and  measures  Allegheny  County  three  years,  and  superintendent  of  iron 
foundry  until  February,  1886,  when  he  was  elected  commander  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Home.  Is  a  member  of  Abe  Patterson 
Post,  No.  88,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Allegheny  City,  Pa.;  has  been  senior  vice- 
commander,  officer  of  the  day,  adjutant,  and  post-commander  three  years; 
senior  vice-department  commander  and  department  commander  in  1874; 
was  for  twelve  years  on  the  State  committee,  Soldiers'  Orphans'  Schools, 
Pa.,  and  on  post  committee  thirteen  years. 


OLIE   W.    HOIvCOMB. 

Was  born  November  21,  1843,  ^n  Blekin,  Sweden;  has  been  and  is 
at  present  a  farmer;  came  to  this  country  when  nine  years  old;  enlisted 
December  28,  1863,  in  Company  E,  of  the  83d  Illinois  Regiment,  and 
served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  2oth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in 
the  battle  south  of  Nashville,  Tenn. ;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Fort 
Donelson  May  27,  1865;  was  sick  in  the  hospital  for  ten  months  previous 
to  discharge,  which  was  on  account  of  physical  disability.  His  father  was 
killed  in  the  service  November  10,  1863.  Comrade  Holcomb  is  a  member 
of  Gettysburg  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Northborough,  Page  County,  la.,  where 
he  resides,  and  holds  the  position  of  sergeant-major. 

EBEN  '  C.    FARLEY. 

Was  born  in  Berrien  County,  Mich.,  May  20,  1844;  has  been  a  clerk, 
and  is  a  fanner.  Came  to  California  with  his  father  in  1854,  and  located 
at  Alvarado,  Alameda  County.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  8th  California 
Infantry,  November  23,  1864,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  on  duty  in  the 
military  department  of  California;  mustered  out  of  service  October  26, 
1865.  Was  deputy  county  clerk  of  Alameda  County  for  several  years,  and 
during  a  portion  of  the  time  clerk  of  the  board  of  supervisors.  In  1881 


230  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

bought  his  present  fruit  ranch  in  Los  Gatos;  set  out  an  orchard  and  vine 
yard,  and  removed  there  in  January,  1882,  where  he  has  since  resided. 
In  January,  1883,  was  appointed  under  sheriff  of  Santa  Clara  County, 
reappointed  in  1885,  and  still  holds  the  position;  is  a  member  of  E.  O.  C. 
Ord  Post,  No.  82,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Gatos,  and  is  at  present  the  post 
commander. 

JOHN  B.    DENNIS. 

Was  born  of  old  Puritan  and  patriotic  stock.  His  ancestors  on  both 
sides  have  taken  active  and  honorable  parts  in  the  different  wars  fought 
on  the  soil  of  the  United  States.  His  mother  was  first  coiisin  to  Commo 
dore  Oliver  Hazzard  Perry,  who  fought  the  battle  of  Lake  Erie. 

After  an  academic  education  he  became  a  metal-worker  and  hardware 
man.  On  April  16,  1861,  he  was  the  first  to  record  his  name  in  the 
Worcester  Light  Infantry,  which  company  was  attached  to  the  6th  Regi 
ment  Massachusetts  Volunteers,  and  was  with  it  when  attacked  in  the 
streets  of  Baltimore  three  days  later. 

He  was  one  of  six  brothers  who  enlisted  within  a  few  days.  Having 
served  over  three  months,  was  mustered  out  of  service  on  Boston  Com 
mon,  August  2,  1 86 1.  He  immediately  went  to  Norwich,  Conn.,  the 
home  of  his  childhood  days,  raised  a  company,  and  was  attached  to 
the  yth  Connecticut  Volunteers,  received  a  commission  as  captain,  August 
26th,  and  with  his  company  was  mustered  into  the  United  States  service, 
September  5, 1861,  for  three  years.  The  regiment,  commanded  by  Colonel, 
since  General,  Alfred  H.  Terry,  was  a  part  of  the  expeditionary  corps, 
under  General  T.  W.  Sherman,  which  was  sent  to  South  Carolina,  and 
was  the  first  regiment  to  land  on  the  soil  of  that  State,  November  7,  1861. 

He  followed  the  fortunes  of  his  regiment  through  all  of  its  desperate 
battles,  including  the  siege  and  reduction  of  Fort  Pulaski,  at  mouth  of 
Savannah  River,  and  the  siege  and  reduction  of  Fort  Wagner  on  Morris 
Island,  and  Fort  Sumter  at  entrance  to  Charleston,  and  battle  of  Drewry's 
Bluff,  in  Virginia,  receiving  only  slight  wounds.  He  was  captured  near 
Petersburg,  Va.,  June  2,  1864,  was  confined  in  several  rebel  prisons,  prin 
cipal  of  which  were  Macon,  Georgia,  Charleston,  S.  C.,  where  he  was 
one  of  the  600  placed  under  the  fire  of  the  Union  batteries  at  Morris 
Island  ;  from  there  was  sent  to  Lexington,  opposite  Columbia,  S.  C.,  into 
the  well-known  prison -pen— Camp  Sorghum. 

After  repeated  attempts  to  escape,  in  one  of  which  he  nearly  lost  his 
life  by  the  capsizing  of  a  boat,  he  succeeded  in  reaching  the  gunboat 
Nipsic,  off  Georgetown,  S.  C.,  December  8,  1864,  reaching  home  Decem 
ber  22d,  and  was  ordered  by  the  War  Department  to  join  his  regiment. 


GRAND  ARM*    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  231 

Was  appointed  major  and  paymaster  U.  S.  V.,  January  15,  1865.  Was  pro 
moted  as  follows:  Brevet  lieutenant-colonel,  colonel  and  brigadier-general, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services.  Was  mustered  out,  of  service, 
July  31,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C.  Entered  special  service  in  the 
Bureau  of  Refugees,  Freedmen,  and  Abandoned  Lands,  in  South  Carolina, 
where  he  was  finally  mustered  out  of  service,  July  8,  1868  ;  completed 
his  law  studies  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  passing  his  examination  in 
open  Supreme  Court.  After  living  in  Charleston  until  January,  1870,  he 
moved  to  Columbia,  was  twice  elected  to  the  South  Carolina  Legisla 
ture  from  Charleston;  was  four  years  paymaster-general  of  South  Carolina, 
and  superintendent  of  the  South  Carolina  Penitentiary. 

In  April,  1878,  removed  to  Yankton,  Dak.,  where  he  was  in  the 
U.  S.  A.  Quartermaster's  Department  for  a  year,  since  which  time  he  has 
been  deputy  collector  of  internal  revenue.  He  was  appointed  by  Gover 
nor  Ordway  paymaster-general  of  Dakota,  with  rank  of  brigadier-general, 
and  reappointed  to  same  position  by  Governor  Pierce,  and  later  appointed 
brigadier-general  commanding  the  National  Guard  of  Dakota. 

Comrade  Dennis  joined  Phil  Kearney  Post,  No.  7,  at  Yankton,  in 
December,  1883  ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  national  council  of 
administration  in  1884,  and  is  now  serving  a  second  term  as  senior  vice- 
department  commander. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON   STEWART. 

Is  a  native  of  the  State  of  Tennessee,  and  was  born  January  2,  1825; 
by  trade  a  painter  and  paper-hanger;  served  in  the  Mexican  War  in  1846 
in  the  Tennessee  Volunteers.  Enlisted  in  Company  G,  23d  Illinois 
Volunteers,  March  7,  1865,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  was  present  at  Petersburg  and  at  the  capture  of  Rich 
mond,  and  was  honorably  discharged  at  the  latter  place  by  reason  of  the 
expiration  of  the  war;  is  a  member  of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Oakland, 
Cal. ,  his  place  of  residence. 

AARON   CORY. 

Was  born  June  20,  1832,  in  Crawford  County,  Ohio.  Has  been  a 
farmer,  sawyer,  and  filer  in  a  saw-mill.  Is  at  present  fireman  in  saw-mill. 
Enlisted  August  15,  1862,  in  Company  A  of  the  27th  Wisconsin  Regi 
ment,  and  served  as  corporal  and  sergeant.  Was  attached  to  the  i6th, 
7th,  and  i3th  Army  Corps  ;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Vicksburg,  Little 
Rock,  Camden,  Mobile,  Spanish  Fort,  and  Fort  Blakely.  Was  honorably 
discharged  from  the  service  at  Brownsville,  Texas,  at  close  of  war. 


232  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Comrade  Cory  is  an  old  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.  Is  at  present  a 
member  of  Baker  Post,  with  headquarters  at  Marshfield,  Or.,  where  he 
resides.  Has  been  surgeon,  adjutant,  junior  vice-commander,  senior  vice- 
commander,  aid-de-camp,  and  commander  of  his  post. 

ALBERT   V.    COLE. 

Was  born  in  Huron  County,  Ohio,  January  14,  1842;  has  been  a 
farmer,  clerk,  and  merchant;  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  real  estate, 
insurance,  and  collection  business.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  4th  Michigan 
Infantry,  September  12,  1861;  served  as  private  and  sergeant.  The  regi 
ment  formed  a  portion  of  the  5th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was 
in  the  battles  of  Yorktown,  New  Bridge,  Hanover,  Mechanicsville,  Games' 
Mills,  Malvern  Hill,  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Shepherdstown,  Fredericks- 
burg,  Chancellorsville,  and  many  other  engagements;  was  discharged  from 
the  4th  Michigan  Infantry  in  1863,  for  disability,  and  re-enlisted  the  same 
year  in  Company  G,  6th  Michigan  Cavalry,  General  Custer's  brigade; 
was  on  the  Kilpatrick  and  Sheridan  raids  in  1864;  wounded  in  a  cavalry 
fight  at  Haws  Shop,  Va. ,  by  a  pistol-shot,  which  shattered  his  left  arm  so 
badly  as  to  require  the  removal  of  four  inches  of  bone;  was  over  six 
months  in  hospital  at  Washington  city.  Honorably  discharged  from  ser 
vice  July  6,  1865;  removed  to  Nebraska  in  1871;  has  been  county  com 
missioner  of  Adams  County,  and  is  at  present  a  member  of  the  Nebraska 
Legislature;  is  a  member  of  Geary  Post,  No.  81,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Juniata, 
Adams  County,  Neb.,  his  place  of  residence;  has  been  post  commander, 
junior  vice-commander  of  department,  and  department  commander. 

EDWIN    C.  BEACH. 

Was  born  in  Houma  Parish,  Terre  Bonne,  La.,  September  12,  1841; 
has  been  engaged  in  railroading  since  1858;  is  so  engaged  at  the  present 
time.  Enlisted  August  16,  1861,  in  the  i8th  U.  S.  Infantry;  was  made 
sergeant  August  17,  1861;  was  drill-sergeant  at  Camp  Thomas  for  a  long 
time;  went  to  the  field  with  the  regiment  in  November,  1864,  as  ist  ser 
geant  of  Company  A,  ist  Battalion;  was  recommended  for  commission  in 
regular  army  on  account  of  meritorious  conduct  in  action  at  Stone  River 
and  subsequent  engagements;  was  promoted  to  sergeant-major  in  April, 
1864;  in  June,  1864,  was  ordered  to  report  to  the  Board  of  Examiners  at 
Washington  for  commission  in  regular  army,  but  preferred  to  remain  and 
finish  the  Georgia  campaign ;  was  honorably  discharged  near  Atlanta,  Ga. , 
August  1 6,  1864.  During  this  three  years'  service  was  attached  to  the 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  233 

Regular  Brigade,  i4th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  took  part 
in  the  following  engagements:  Siege  of  Corinth,  battles  of  Perry ville, 
Stone  River,  Hoover's  Gap,  Chickamauga,  Mission  Ridge,  Dallas,  Resaca, 
Kenesaw  Mt.,  and  the  Georgia  campaigns;  was  slightly  wounded  by  saber 
cut  in  nose  while  scaling  the  breastworks  at  Mission  Ridge;  was  captured 
at  Stone  River  on  the  night  of  December  31,  1862,  while  in  charge  of  an 
unarmed  detachment  sent  out  with  stretchers  to  bring  in  the  wounded 
from  the  battle-field,  and  notwithstanding  his  protest  against  being  made 
a  prisoner  while  engaged  in  such  an  humane  pursuit,  was  marched  off  to 
jail  at  Murfreesboro;  on  the  evacuation  of  that  place  was  transferred 
to  Chattanooga,  and  thence  to  Atlanta,  and  later  on  to  Montgomery,  Ala.; 
was  then  sent  back  to  Atlanta,  and  finally  to  Richmond,  Va. ;  after  about 
one  month's  stay  in  Ljbby  Prison  was  sent  to  City  Point  on  parole,  and 
soon  after  exchanged.  Comrade  Beach  is  a  charter  member  of  J.  C. 
McCoy  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  where  he  resides;  has  been 
senior  vice-commander  of  J.  M.  Wells  Post,  of  ColumbusrOhio,  and  com 
mander  of  same  one  term  each  ;  served  as  recording  secretary  of  the 
Ohio  Association  of  Union  ex- Prisoners  of  War  one  year,  treasurer  of 
same  for  three  years,  and  as  president  one  year.  Is  a  member  of  Sur 
vivors  of  Regular  Brigade,  i4th  Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and 
State  Fencibles  Association  of  Ohio. 


JOSIAH    P.    DRY. 

Was  born  in  Alleghany  County,  Pa.,  May  4,  1840,  and  is  by  profes 
sion  a  school  teacher;  at  present  engaged  in  fanning;  was  partly  educated 
at  the  academy  in  the  town  of  Irwin,  Westmoreland  County,  Pa.;  in  1854 
with  his  parents  removed  to  the  neighborhood  of  Crestline,  Ohio,  where 
he  worked  on  a  farm  in  the  summer  and  in  the  winter  attended  the  district 
school.  In  1859  taught  school,  and  in  1860  made  another  move  with  his 
parents  to  Wyandot  County,  Ohio,  where  he  has,  with  the  exception  of  the 
time  he  was  absent  in  the  army,  ever  since  made  his  home.  In  the  fall  of 
1860  entered  Heidelberg  College,  at  Tiffin,  Ohio,  completing  the  course  of 
studies  and  graduating  in  June,  1862;  teaching  school  in  winter  to  defray 
his  collegiate  expenses  and  keeping  up  with  his  class  by  private  study 
after  school  hours.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  i23d  Ohio  Volunteers, 
August  17,  1862,  and  served  as  private  and  color-bearer;  belonged  in  the 
course  of  his  service  to  different  corps ;  at  one  period  his  regiment  formed  a 
portion  of  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  Army  of  West  Virginia;  at  another 
belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  8th  Army  Corps,  and  towards 
the  close  of  the  war  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  24th 


234  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   TH'E 

Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Kernstown,  Winchester,  and 
Stevenson  Depot,  in  which  last  action,  June  15,1 863,  he  was  captured  and 
was  confined  as  a  prisoner  of  war  in  the  tobacco  warehouse  prison  at 
Richmond,  Va.,  and  afterward  at  Belle  Island;  was  paroled,  then  exchanged, 
and  rejoined  his  regiment  in  the  field  in  December,  1863,  and  took  part  in 
the  battles  of  New  Market,  Piedmont,  Lexington,  Lynchbnrg,  Salem, 
Halltown,  Snicker's  Gap,  at  Winchester  twice  again,  Fisher's  Hill,  Cedar 
Creek,  Hatcher's  Run,  assault  on  Fort  Gregg,  Petersburg,  High  Bridge, 
Farmville,  and  present  at  the  surrender  of  General  Lee  at  Appomattox. 
He  was  mustered  out  of  service  at  Richmond,  Va.,  June  12,  1865,  and  on 
returning  home  resumed  the  profession  of  school  teaching,  to  which  for 
twenty  years  he  has  devoted  himself.  During  this  time  he  organized  the 
Wyandot  County  Teachers'  Association,  being  five  years  its  secretary  and 
three  years  its  president;  was  also  for  seven  years  member  of  the  Board  of 
Examiners  and  for  four  years  its  president;  prepared  himself  for  the  legal 
profession,  but  owing  to  poor  health  and  limited  means  abandoned  it;  is  the 
author  of  Belle  Berkeley^  Revenge,  a  military  drama  of  much  merit, 
and  a  work  on  the  English  language.  Comrade  Dry  is  a  charter  member 
of  Robbins  Post,  No.  91,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Ohio.  Served  one  year 
as  junior  vice-commander,  and  is  at  present  serving  a  second  term  as  post 
commander;  has  represented  his  post  at  department  encampments  at 
Zanesville,  Akron,  and  Cleveland,  and  was  a  delegate  to  the  national 
encampment  at  Portland,  Me.,  in  June,  1885.  He  resides  on  a  farm  near 
Upper  Sandusky,  Wyandot  County,  Ohio. 


JAMES  DANFORTH  THOMPSON. 

Was  born  in  Fredonia,  N.  Y.,  September  19,  1832;  was  educated  at 
the  academy  in  his  native  town;  studied  law,  but  his  health  failing  engaged 
in  railroading  for  a  few  years  in  Ohio,  and  then  went  to  Iowa,  locating  in 
Hardin  County.  Resuming  the  profession  of  law  was  elected  prosecuting 
attorney  of  that  county  in  1854,  and  in  1857  was  elected  judge  of  the  dis 
trict  court  for  a  term  of  four  years.  In  May,  1861,  engaged  with  others 
to  raise  an  independent  regiment  of  cavalry,  each  officer  and  private  own 
ing  his  own  horse  and  equipments.  Tendered  the  regiment  to  the  general 
Government;  it  was  accepted,  and  known  as  the  ist  Iowa  Cavalry.  Com 
rade  Thompson  was  mustered  in  as  captain  of  Company  G,  July  31,  1861; 
became  major  8th  Iowa  Cavalry  in  September,  1863,  and  was  brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct;  commanded  the 
cavalry  battalion  in  the  fight  at  Milford,  Mo.,  in  which  1,300  of  the  rebel 
forces  were  captured.  Fought  Poindexter  at  Silver  Creek,  and  after  a 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  235 

long  pursuit  of  General  E.  W.  Price  and  Colonel  Dorsey,  succeeded  in 
capturing  them  and  others,  though  the  main  command  of  600  escaped  by 
crossing  the  Missouri  River.  Commanded  at  White  Sulphur  Springs, 
Tenn.,  in  1863-64;  was  on  military  commission  at  Nashville  in  spring  of 
1864,  and  joined  General  Sherman's  army  at  Cleveland,  Tenn.,  in  May. 
Was.  with  the  cavalry  under  General  McCook  around  Buzzard's  Roost,  and 
on  the  raid  to  Rome,  Ga. ;  on  return  was  sent  to  hospital  at  Nashville,  and 
on  surgeon's  certificate  of  permanent  disability,  given  after  examination 
by  a  medical  commission,  was  sent  home  in  July,  1864,  and  discharged 
the  service.  Was  appointed  U.  S.  pension  agent  at  Des  Moines,  la.,  in 
1867,  for  the  term  of  four  years.  Removed  to  California  in  1875,  where 
he  has  ever  since  resided.  Is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  San  Francisco. 

ANDREW    HOLLYWOOD. 

Was  born  in  Dublin,  Ireland,  May  8,  1843,  and  is  an  examiner  in  the 
U.  S.  appraiser's  office  of  the  custom-house  of  the  port  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  4oth  N.  Y.  Volunteers,  June  14,  1861, 
and  served  as  a  sergeant;  belonged  to  the  3d  Corps,  and  afterwards  the 
2d  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  in  the  battles  of  Williamsburg, 
Fair  Oaks,  where  he  was  wounded  in  the  left  arm,  Second  Bull  Run, 
Fredericksburg,  Mine  Run,  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  and 
other  engagements.  Received  the  Kearny  medal  in  the  field  for  merito 
rious  conduct;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  in  front  of  Peters 
burg,  June  23,  1864;  is  a  member  of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Oakland, 
Alameda  County,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence,  and  has  been  three  terms  a 
member  of  the  department  council  of  administration. 

WILLIAM  S.  BOYD. 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  May  2,  1836;  his  present  occupation  is  that  of 
first-class  fireman  on  the  United  States  steamer  Ranger,  engaged  in  special 
surveying  service;  was  mustered  into  the  military  service  of  the  Govern 
ment  at  St.  Louis  arsenal,  May  10,  1861,  as  ist  lieutenant,  Company  K, 
5th  Missouri  Volunteers,  under  the  three  months'  call  by  President  Lincoln 
for  troops  to  suppress  the  Rebellion;  honorably  discharged  August  10,  1861, 
by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service;  re-entered  the  army  December 
5,  1 86 1,  as  captain  Company  A  in  the  regiment  known  as  Colonel  Berge's 
Sharpshooters,  afterwards  designated  as  the  66th  Illinois  Volunteers;  it 
was  organized  by  General  Fremont  as  a  regiment  of  sharpshooters,  was 
armed  with  Henry  repeating  rifles,  and  each  man  selected  for  his  skill  as  a 


236  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

marksman;  in  Sherman's  campaign  in  1864  the  66th  was  highly  compli 
mented  by  Generals  McPherson  and  Logan  for  having  held  a  ridge  at 
Resaca  against  a  brigade  of  Confederates;  it  was  attached  to  the  2d  Divi 
sion,  Army  of  the  Tennessee;  Captain  Boyd  was  a  participant  in  the  bat 
tles  of  Mount  Zion,  Mo.,  Fort  Donelson,  where  his  regiment  commenced 
the  attack,  Shiloh,  Corinth,  at  which  he  was  wounded  in  the  left  arm, 
luka,  the  siege  and  battles  in  the  vicinity  of  Atlanta,  capture  of  Savan 
nah,  Bentonville,  and  the  other  engagements  of  General  Sherman's  march 
to  the  sea  and  through  the  Carolinas;  was  in  command  of  the  regiment 
as  senior  captain  during  the  Atlanta  campaign;  honorably  discharged  the 
service  March  30,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Farragut  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Vallejo,  Cal. 

WILLIAM   ARMSTRONG. 

Was  born  in  Winnebago  County,  near  Oshkosh,  Wis.,  January  13, 
1847,  and  has  been  a  farmer;  his  present  occupation  is  that  of  lumberman. 
Enlisted  in  Company  B,  i6th  Wisconsin  Volunteer  Infantry,  March  5, 
1864,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  3d  Division, 
1 7th  Army  Corps;  participated  in  the  siege  and  the  battles  before  Atlanta; 
received  a  scalp  wound  in  one  of  the  last  engagements;  remained  in  the 
hospital  a  short  time,  and  at  the  earliest  practicable  moment  rejoined  his 
regiment,  which  was  with  General  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the  sea,  and 
remained  with  it  until  mustered  out  in  the  summer  of  1865  at  Louisville, 
Ky. ;  came  to  California  in  1879  and  engaged  in  the  lumber  business;  is 
secretary  of  the  Union  Mill  and  Lumber  Company  at  San  Jose,  in  which 
he  is  a  stockholder;  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post,  No.  32, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Santa  Cruz,  Cal.;  resides  at  San  Jose. 


GEORGE   W.   CREASEY. 

Was  born  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  June  22,  1840,  and  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  the  city;  learned  the  trade  of  a  machinist,  and  at  the 
time  of  enlisting  was  studying  mechanical  drafting.  Enlisted  August  6, 
1862,  as  private  in  Company  B,  35th  Massachusetts  Infantry,  and  was 
attached  to  the  gth  Army  Corps;  participated  in  the  battles  of  South 
Mountain,  Antietam,  and  Fredericksburg,  in  1862,  and  with  the  gth 
Corps  was  transferred  to  the  West,  going  with  Burnside  to  Kentucky. 
He  was  promoted  sergeant  and  ist  sergeant  in  1862;  went  with  the  corps 
to  Vicksbtirg  to  reinforce  Grant,  participating  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg 
and  the  engagements  at  Jackson,  Miss. ;  returned  with  the  corps  to  Knox- 
ville,Tenn. ;  promoted  ist  lieutenant  and  stationed  at  Cincinnati  as  ordnance 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  237 

officer;  returned  with  the  corps  in  the  spring  of  1864  to  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  assigned  as  assistant  adjutant-general  to  ist  Brigade,  ist 
Division,  gth  Army  Corps,  and  promoted  captain;  participated  in  the 
battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  and  North  Anna  River,  where 
he  was  taken  prisoner  and  confined  in  Libby  Prison,  Macon,  and  Savannah, 
Ga.;  under  fire  at  Charleston,  S.  C.,  and  Columbia,  S.  C. ;  released  on 
parole  March  i,  1865.  He  was  a  charter  member  of  Post  49,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Newburyport,  Mass.,  and  post  commander  in  1870-71,  a  member  of 
the  council  of  administration  of  the  department  in  1879,  department 
inspector  in  1880,  and  elected  department  commander  in  1881.  During 
his  term  of  department  commander  the  Soldiers'  Home  in  Massachusetts 
was  dedicated ;  he  was  elected  one  of  its  trustees,  and  has  been  its  treas 
urer  from  the  date  of  its  opening,  July  25,  1882.  At  the  present  time  is 
chief  clerk  in  the  collector's  department  at  the  custom-house,  Boston. 


ISAAC   R.  SHERWOOD. 

Was  born  in  Stanfordville,  Dutchess  County,  N.  Y.,  August  14,  1835, 
and  is  editor  of  the  Toledo,  Ohio,  Journal.  Enlisted  in  the  i4th  Ohio 
Volunteers  April  17,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private  for  four  months  in  West 
Virginia,  participating  in  the  actions  at  Laurel  Mountain,  Cheat  River, 
and  Carrick's  Ford;  received  a  commission  as  ist  lieutenant  in  the  mth 
Ohio  Volunteers;  was  appointed  adjutant,  and  served  in  that  position 
through  the  Buell  campaign  in  Kentucky;  on  the  ist  of  February,  1863, 
at  the  unanimous  request  of  the  field  and  line  officers,  was  promoted  from 
adjutant  to  major;  participated  in  Morgan's  campaign  and  in  the  East 
Tennessee  campaign,  commanded  the  skirmishers  of  Burnside's  army  on 
the  retreat  from  Huff's  Ferry  to  Lenox,  and  commanded  the  regiment  at 
Huff's  Ferry,  Knoxville,  Campbell's  Station,  Blair's  Cross-roads,  Dan- 
dridge,  Strawberry  Plains,  Mossy  Creek,  and  London;  promoted  to  lieu 
tenant-colonel  February  12,  1864,  and  from  that  time  until  the  close  of  the 
war  was  constantly  in  command  of  the  regiment;  most  of  the  time  served 
in  the  ad  Brigade,  2d  Division,  23d  Army  Corps.  In  the  Atlanta  campaign 
participated  in  the  battles  of  Rocky  Face,  Resaca  (where  he  received  an 
injury  in  one  of  his  ears  by  the  concussion  of  a  shell),  Burnt  Hickory,  Dallas, 
Pine  Mountain,  Lost  Mountain,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Chattahoochie,  Deca- 
tur,  Peach  Tree  Creek,  Utoy  Creek,  Atlanta,  Lovejoy,  Columbia,  Duck 
River,  Nashville,  and  Franklin.  For  gallantry  at  Franklin  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general;  was  transferred  to  the  East,  and  went 
through  the  North  Carolina  campaign;  passed  an  examination  before  a 
board  of  officers  convened  for  the  purpose,  and  recommended  for  promo- 


238  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

tion  and  retention  in  the  service;  in  consequence  was  made  colonel  of 
1 83d  Ohio  Infantry,  and  ordered  by  the  War  Department  to  report  to 
Major-General  Saxton  for  duty,  according  to  brevet  rank,  as  commissioner 
of  the  Freedmen's  Bureau  for  the  State  of  Florida.  The  general,  how 
ever,  tendered  his  resignation  in  Jiily,  1865,  anc*  left  the  service,  not 
caring  to  remain  for  any  considerable  length  of  time  after  the  termination 
of  the  war.  General  Sherwood  served  two  terms  as  Secretary  of  State 
of  Ohio,  1869-70-71-72;  represented  the  Toledo  district  in  Congress  in 
1873-74,  and  served  six  years  as  probate  judge  at  Toledo,  retiring  in 
February,  1885.  He  is  a  member  of  Forsyth  Post,  No.  15,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Toledo. 

His  wife,  Mrs.  Kate  B.  Sherwood,  is  secretary  to  the  Board  of  Visit 
ors  to  the  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Orphan  Home  at  Xenia,  Ohio,  and  a 
prominent  member  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps. 

» 

JOSEPH   TOMASECK. 

Was  born  July  25,  1847,  in  Bohemia,  Austria;  came  to  America  with 
his  parents  the  same  year;  is  a  potter  by  trade.  Having  twice  previously 
attempted  to  enter  the  army,  but  rejected  on  account  of  his  youth,  enlisted 
August  i,  1863,  in  the  4th  Independent  Battalion,  Company  E,  Ohio  Cav 
alry  Scouts,  and  served  as  a  private;  took  part  in  five  skirmishes;  was 
honorably  discharged  at  Cincinnati  in  April,  1864.  Came  to  California  in 
1873,  and  worked  five  years  in-  the  mines.  Comrade  Tomaseck  is  a  mem 
ber  and  officer  of  the  guard  of  Appomattox  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Oakland, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides;  is  at  present  the  superintendent  of  the  California 
Pottery  Company. 

CHARLES   E.    McCOY. 

Was  born  in  Bangor,  Me.,  December  9,  1847;  has  been  a  stone-cutter, 
a  farmer,  and  was  for  seven  years  a  city  policeman  in  Bangor;  his  present 
occupation  is  lumberman.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  ist  Maine  Cavalry, 
January  4,  1864;  served  as  a  private,  and  belonged  to  Kilpatrick's  brigade, 
afterwards  commanded  by  Gregg,  and  Charles  H.  Smith's  in  Sheridan's 
cavalry  corps.  Enlisted  at  the  age  of  sixteen,  was  in  battle  one  month 
afterward  and  in  active  service  almost  continually;  took  part  in  Kilpatrick's 
raid  to  Richmond,  Va.-,  in  February,  1864,  in  the  battles  of  Winches 
ter,  Pleasant  Hill,  Wyatt  Farm,  Stony  Creek,  Dinwiddie  Court-house, 
Hatcher's  Run,  Gravelly  Creek,  Boydton  Road,  Reams'  Station,  Five  Forks, 
Farmersville,  Sailors'  Creek,  Weldon  Railroad,  and  Appomattox  Court 
house,  besides  numerous  skirmishes;  was  captured  in  June,  1864,  while 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  239 

on  a  raiding  party  in  King  and  Queen  County,  Va. ,  by  a  portion  of  Colonel 
Mosby's  Confederate  command,  and  paroled  on  the  field;  parole  rejected 
by  War  Department,  and  he  was  sent  for  a  time  to  dismounted  cavalry  camp 
Stoneman,  near  Washington  city;  ordered  from  thence  with  the  other  dis 
mounted  men  to  Shenandoah  Valley  for  service  in  General  Sheridan's 
campaign;  rejoined  his  regiment  before  Petersburg  in  the  fall,  and  was 
with  it  in  all  subsequent  engagements.  Mustered  out  August  i,  1865; 
After  the  war  served  six  years  in  the  Maine  Volunteer  Militia,  in  which  he 
was  a  sergeant;  was  a  member  of  B.  H.  Beale  Post>  G.  A.  R.,  of  Bangor,  Me., 
and  officer  of  the  guard;  is  now  on  transfer  card,  a  memberiof  Phil  Sheridan 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence,  and  where  he  is 
employed  in  the  Union  Mill  and  Lumber  Company. 

DANIEL  D.  TRIPP. 

Was  born  June  i,  1833,  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.;  is  a  butcher  by  occu 
pation.  Enlisted  August  20,  1862,  in  Company  A  of  the  4ist  Massachu 
setts  Regiment  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  i9th  Army 
Corps;  transferred  to  3d  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  and  finally  to  3d  Regiment 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps;  was  present  at  and  took  part  in  the  siege  of  Port 
Hudson  and  Irish  Bend;  was  honorably  discharged  July  25,  1865.  Com 
rade  Tripp  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where 
he  resides. 

THOMAS  M.   SHANAFELT. 

Was  born  in  Brinkerton,  Clarion  County,  Pa.,  April  30,  1840,  and  is  a 
Baptist  minister.  Graduated  at  the  university  at  Lewisburg,  Pa.,  now 
known  as  Bucknell  University,  in  1861.  Enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  28th 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers  in  1862,  and  served  as  such  until  the  regiment 
was  mustered  out  at  Harrisburg,  Pa.  Towards  the  close  of  the  war  was 
offered  a  commission  as  chaplain  by  President  Lincoln,  but  declined.  After 
his  discharge  from  military  service,  completed  his  theological  studies, 
graduating  from  Crozer  Theological  Seminary  at  Chester,  Pa.  Entering 
the  Baptist  ministry,  was  ordained  at  Muncy,  Pa.  In  1867  removed  to 
Michigan,  where  he  has  ever  since  been  engaged  in  the  active  duties 
of  the  ministry;  has  held  highly  responsible  positions  in -his  denomina 
tion,  having  been  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Michigan  Baptist  Educa 
tion  Society,  member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  Kalamazoo  College, 
and  for  the  last  thirteen  years  secretary  of  the  Michigan  Baptist  State 
Convention.  He  has  compiled  a  biographical  record  of  the  Baptist  min 
isters  in  Michigan.  Became  a  member  of  Gordon  Granger  Post,  No.  38, 


240  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

at  East  Saginaw,  Mich.,  in  1880,  and  from  that  time  until  September, 
1885,  was  chaplain  of  the  post.  On  removal  to  Three  Rivers,  Mich., 
transferred  his  membership  to  Ed.  M.  Prutzman  Post,  No.  72,  of  which  he 
was  at  once  elected  chaplain.  At  the  national  encampment  at  Minneap 
olis,  Minn.,  in  1884,  though  not  a  candidate  from  his  own  choice,  was 
nominated  and  elected  chaplain-in-chief  of  the  G.  A.  R. ;  has  been  fre 
quently  elected  as  delegate  to  the  State  encampment,  and  at  three  of  the 
national  encampments:  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  Portland,  Me.,  and  San  Fran 
cisco,  Cal.,  has  been  present  either  as  a  national  officer  or  delegate. 

WILLIAM  H.  NYE. 

Was  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  September  8,  1833;  was  living  at  Fall 
River,  Mass.,  when  the  war  broke  out;  raised  Company  A,  yth  Massachu 
setts  Infantry,  at  the  first  call  for  three  years'  troops,  and  went  out  with 
it  as  2d  lieutenant,  commission  dating  June  15,  1861,  promoted  to  ist 
lieutenant  June  26,  1862;  was  first  in  Keyes'  4th  Corps,  afterwards  in  the 
6th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Williamsbnrg,  Fair  Oaks,. 
Seven  Pines,  Malvern  Hill,  Antietam,  and  several  other  engagements; 
resigned  commission  on  account  of  physical  disability,  and  was  honorably 
discharged  December  6,  1862;  came  to  California  in  July,  1863,  and 
engaged  in  the  drug  business  in  San  Francisco;  removed  to  Boise  City, 
Idaho,  in  1865,  where  he  continued  the  business  of  apothecary  and  druggist 
until  August  28,  1886,  when  he  sold  out  to  attend  to  his  mining  business, 
having  become  an  owner  in  the  well-known  Idahoan  mine  at  Wood  River, 
Idaho.  Comrade  Nye  was  a  charter  member  of  Patrick  Collins  Post,  No. 
u,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Utah,  at  Boise"  City,  Idaho,  where  he  resides; 
has  been  senior  vice-commander  of  post,  commander,  junior  vice-comman 
der  of  department;  a  member  of  the  national  council  of  administration; 
is  also  a  member  of  the  Loyal  Legion  and  of  the  Society  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac. 

PATRICK   FLYNN. 

Was  born  in  County  Mayo,  Ireland,  May  n,  1833;  came  at  an  early  age 
to  the  United  States  and  settled  in  Chautauqua  County,  N.  Y. ;  removed 
to  his  present  home  in  Rockford,  Ills.,  in  1859,  and  was  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  business  until  1862,  when  he  entered  the  army;  recruited  two  com 
panies  of  the  goth  Illinois  Volunteers  at  his  own  expense;  was  commissioned 
captain,  August  i,  1862,  and  promoted  to  major  9oth  Illinois  Volunteers, 
March  6,  1863;  belonged  to  the  4th  Division,  i6th  Army  Corps,  and  after 
wards  the  4th  Division,  i5th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Holly 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  241 

Springs,  Vicksburg,  Jackson,  Mission  Ridge,  Atlanta,  and  all  the  engage 
ments  of  the  Georgia  campaign;  commanded  his  regiment  from  November 
23,  1863,  to  July  28,  1864,  when  he  was  severely  wounded  in  battle  near 
Atlanta,  from  the  effects  of  which  he  has  lost  the  use  of  right  arm; 
honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Chicago,  Ills.,  in  the  summer  of 
1865;  since  the  war  has  been  sheriff  of  Winnebago  County,  Ills.,  two 
terms,  and  was  for  some  time  special  agent  in  the  General  Land  Office  at 
Washington  city,  D.  C.  Comrade  Flynn  is  a  member  of  Nevins  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Rockford,  Ills.,  his  place  of  residence,  and  in  1874  was 
inspector-general  of  the  department  of  Illinois. 

THEODORE   REPHOLT. 

Was  born  in  the  kingdom  of  Wurtemberg,  South  Germany,  Sep 
tember,  i,  1847,  and  is  a  farmer.  Enlisted  in  Battery  L,  ist  N.  Y.  Light 
Artillery,  on  September  14,  1863,  and  served  as  a  private;  attached  to  the  2d 
Brigade,  ist  Division,  5th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  in  the 
battles  of  White  Oak  Swamp,  Rapidan,  Rappahannock,  Wilderness,  Spott- 
sylvania  Court-house,  Petersburg,  Weldon  Railroad,  and  other  engage 
ments;  in  the  Weldon  battle  was  wounded  by  an  explosion  of  caisson  from 
effects  of  shell-firing  of  enemy,  which  fractured  his  elbow  and  caused 
partial  deafness;  mustered  out  in  the  summer  of  1865  at  Elmira,  N.  Y. 
Re-enlisted  in  Company  C,  23d  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  served  three  years; 
assisted  in  bringing  in  the  Pi-Utes  in  Oregon  and  Nevada;  wounded  in' 
the  face  by  an  arrow  in  an  Indian  fight;  discharged  August  i,  1868,  in 
consequence  of  expiration  of  term  of  enlistment;  is  a  member  of  Corinth 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Marysville,  Cal.,  and  resides  near  Yuba  City,  Sutter 
County,  Cal. 

VITALIS   S.    RUNNELS. 

Was  born  in  Licking  County,  Ohio,  May  14,  1845;  h*8  occupation 
has  been  fanning  and  stock-raising.  Enlisted  in  May,  1864,  in  Company 
D  of  the  1 36th  Regiment  of  Ohio  National  Guards,  called  out  for  one 
hundred  days  on  account  of  the  emergencies  of  public  affairs;  served  as  a 
private;  was  a  portion  of  the  garrison  of  the  defenses  of  Washington  city; 
at  the  end  of  this  service,  enlisted  September  3,  1864,  in  Company  C, 
47th  Ohio  Veteran  Volunteers,  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  i5th  Army  Corps; 
was  in  the  battles  of  Fort  McAllister  and  the  other  engagements  of  Gen 
eral  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea,  and  through  South  and  North  Carolina; 
was  shot  in  the  right  side  at  Fort  McAllister,  but  the  ball  passing  through 
his  cartridge-box  was  so  deadened  in  force  that  it  did  not  penetrate,  as  it 


242  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

otherwise  would  have  done,  sufficiently  deep  to  make  the  wound  mortal; 
was  sent  to  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  where  he  laid  in  hospital  four  months;  rejoined 
regiment  at  Raleigh,  N.  C. ;  marched  with  it  to  Washington  city  and  par 
ticipated  in  the  grand  review;  went  then  to  Kentucky,  and  from  there  to 
Little  Rock,  Ark. ;  at  Hickman,  Ky.,  was  shot  by  a  sharpshooter,  on  bank 
of  the  river,  through  the  right  leg,  fracturing  the  bone;  was  mustered  out 
of  service  September  6,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Riverside  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Riverside,  Cal.,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 

CHARLES   EATON. 

Was  born  in  Chittenden  County,  Vt,  September  15,  1842;  is  a  farmer 
by  occupation.  Enlisted  in  September,  1861,  in  Company  C  of  the  8th 
Vermont  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade, 
3d  Division,  igth  Army  Corps.  Active  service  commenced  at  Ship  Island; 
was  on  the  expedition  to  and  the  capture  of  New  Orleans;  did  garrison 
duty  at  various  places  in  Louisiana;  was  in  the  battle  of  Bayou  Tasche, 
and  other  engagements  during  Banks'  expedition  up  Red  River;  was 
present  at  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson;  being  transferred  to  Washington, 
took  part  in  Sheridan's  campaign  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  and  after 
wards  was  in  the  fortifications  around  Washington  until  mustered  out  at 
the  end  of  the  war.  Comrade  Eaton  resides  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  and  is 
a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  that  place. 

MOSES   M.   BANE. 

Was  born  in  Athens  County,  Ohio,  November  30,  1826;  moved  to 
Adams  County,  Ills.,  from  Columbus,  Ohio,  in  1849,  after  graduating  at 
Starling  Medical  College;  was  twice  elected  to  the  Illinois  State  Legisla 
ture  from  Adams  County  before  the  war.  Raised,  and  was  commissioned 
colonel,  5oth  Illinois  Infantry,  which  regiment  was  mustered  into  the 
service  of  the  U.  S.  August  20,  1861;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d 
Division,  i6th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee;  was  in  the  battles  of 
Fort  Henry,  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  Tuscumbia,  Ala.,  Lay's  Ferry,  Resaca, 
and  Rome,  Ga. ;  lost  his  right  arm  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh;  during  the  year 
1864  commanded  a  brigade  until  the  effects  of  wound  and  broken  health 
compelled  his  resignation  in  August,  1864;  has  held  since  the  war  the 
offices  of  assessor  of  internal  revenue,  special  agent  of  the  Treasury  Depart 
ment,  commissioner  of  Joliet  penitentiary,  Ills. ,  secretary  of  the  Territory 
of  Utah,  Receiver  of  Public  Moneys  in  U.  S.  land  office  at  Salt  Lake  City, 
from  whence,  after  expiration  of  second  term  of  office,  went  to  Spokane 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  243 

Falls,  Washington  Territory,  where  he  was  appointed  by  the  governor  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Commissioners  to  build  the  Territorial  Penitentiary, 
which  position  he  resigned  in  July,  1886,  prior  to  returning  to  his  old  home 
at  Quincy,  Ills,,  his  present  place  of  residence.  The  loss  of  his  arm  incapa 
citating  him  for  the  practice  of  surgery,  comrade  Bane  studied  and  adopted 
the  profession  of  law,  in  which  he  is  now  engaged.  He  was  one  of  the 
earliest  members  of  the  G.  A.  R. ,  joining  the  post  established  by  Dr. 
Stephenson,  the  founder  of  the  organization,  at  Springfield,  Ills. ;  was  a 
member  of  the  James  B.  McKean  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Salt  Lake  City, 
commander  and  medical  director  department  of  Utah,  and  a  member  of 
Sedgwick  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Spokane  Falls,  Washington- Territory. 

BENJAMIN   F.  BRANNAN. 

Was  born  in  Brownstown,  Jackson  County,  Ind. ,  August  8,  1833; 
has  been  a  farmer  and  hotel-keeper,  and  is  at  present  a  trader  and  specu 
lator,  being  unable  on  account  of  ill-health,  caused  by  wounds,  to  do  any 
severe  work.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  2 8th  Indiana  Infantry,  August  5, 
1862,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  2d  Brigade,  i2th  Division, 
and  the  i3th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Port  Gibson,  Champion 
Hills,  and  other  engagements;  was  twice  taken  prisoner — in  Arkansas, 
December  i,  1862,  and  at  Champion  Hills,  May  16,  1863,  rejoining  his 
regiment  in  each  case  after  being  paroled  and  exchanged;  was  twice 
wounded,  once  by  a  rifle-ball,  which  struck  him  on  the  right  of  his  jaw 
bone,  and  injured  in  left  shoulder;  mustered  out  of  service  at  Indianapolis, 
Ind.,  June  30,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Lou  Morris  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Liver- 
more,  Alameda  County,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence,  and  has  been  officer 
of  the  guard  of  the  post. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON   LEE. 

Was  born  in  Johnson  County,  Ark.,  April  29,  1845;  nas  been  engaged 
in  mining,  stock-raising,  and  farming;  is  at  present  in  the  milling  business 
in  San  Jose,  Cal.  Enlisted  February  12,  1863,  in  Company  M,  California 
Battalion,  which  going  east  was  attached  to  2d  Massachusetts  Cavalry; 
was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Coyle's  Tavern,  Little  River  Pike,  Aldie, 
Rockville,  Poolsville,  Leesburg,  Ashby's  Gap,  Snicker's  Gap,  Berry ville, 
Gettysburg,  and  Dranesville;  also  in  a  number  of  skirmishes;  taken  pris 
oner  at  Dranesville,  sent  to  Richmond,  Va.,  and  from  thence  to  Ander- 
sonville  stockade,  being  a  year  at  the  latter  mentioned  place  of  confinement, 
and  from  insufficient  and  unwholesome  food  and  exposure  was  afflicted  with 


244  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

scurvy;  his  survival  of  imprisonment  and  attendant  sufferings  was  consid 
ered  almost  miraculous.  The  period  of  confinement  lasted  for  over  fourteen 
months.  Was  finally  released  by  termination  of  war,  sent  to  Jacksonville, 
Fla.,  and  thence  to  Parole  Camp  at  Annapolis,  Md.;  mustered  out  at  Bos 
ton,  Mass.,  June  5,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  San  Jose. 

SERENO  B.  LYMAN. 

Was  born  in  West  Hampton,  Mass.,  April  n,  1832,  and  is  by  occu 
pation  a  farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  2d  California  Cavalry,  August 
29,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  entered  the  service  in  the  expectation 
of  the  regiment  being  ordered  east  to  the  seat  of  war  instead  of  being 
assigned  to  duty  on  Pacific  Coast;  was  on  provost  guard  and  escort  duty 
and  engaged  in  guarding  and  transferring  Indians;  mustered  out  on  expi 
ration  of  term  September  24,  1864;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose,  Cal.,  and  lives  on  his  ranch  in  the  Santa  Crux 
Mountains  near  that  city. 

CHARLES  OSIER. 

A  resident  of  Folsom,  Cal.;  was  born  in  Louisiana,  October  27,  1829; 
is  by  occupation  a  miner.  Enlisted  February  22,  1861,  in  the  California 
Battalion,  afterwards  attached  to  the  2d  Massachusetts  Cavalry  Regiment; 
served  as  orderly  sergeant  of  Company  B;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac;  was  in  the  engagements  at  Fair  Oaks,  Antietam,  and  Man- 
land  Heights;  was  wounded  by  saber  cut  in  left  arm  at  Antietam,  after 
which,  served  as  courier  until  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  where  he  was 
wounded  in  the  left  leg  by  a  fragment  of  shell;  in  July,  1863,  was  dis 
charged  for  physical  disability;  in  January,  1864,  re-enlisted  in  Cdmpany 
B  of  the  2d  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  and  served  in  the  ambulance  corps 
until  mustered  out  in  November,  1865.  Comrade  Osier  is  a  member  of 
Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

GEORGE  W.   HARTMAN. 

Of  San  Miguel,  N.  M.,  was  born  in  Rushville,  Schuyler  County,  Ills., 
December  12,  1846,  and  previous  to  the  war  was  employed  in  the  Indian 
trade  in  western  Kansas.  Enlisted  in  Company  M,  6th  Kansas  Cavalry, 
June  20,  1863;  served  most  of  the  time  on  detached  duty  as  scout  and 
guide;  was  in  battles  at  Lee's  Ferry,  Cabin  Creek,  Indian  Territory, 
Prairie  de  Au,  and  in  all  the  engagements  of  General  Steele's  campaign  of 
1864;  was  wounded  at  Cabin  Creek  in  right  leg,  and  during  his  term  of 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  245 

service  had  three  horses  shot  under  him;  was  honorably  discharged  from 
service  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kas.,  in  August,  1865;  is  a  member  of 
Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Las  Vegas,  N.  M. ;  has  been  assistant  inspector- 
general  for  the  department  of  New  Mexico,  G.  A.  R.,  and  was  a  delegate 
to  the  twentieth  national  encampment,  which  met  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


HUGH    KING   McJUNKIN. 

Was  born  in  Alleghany  County,  Pa.,  October  18,  1845,  anc^  is  a  law 
yer  by  profession;  enlisted  in  Light  Battery  H,  3d  Pennsylvania  Artillery, 
and  served  as  a  sergeant,  belonged  to  the  8th  Army  Corps;  in  the  battle 
of  Monocacy  and  other  engagements;  was  wounded  at  Monocacy  by  a 
fragment  of  shell,  which  struck  him  in  left  leg  below  the  knee;  honorably 
discharged  from  service  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  August,  1865;  moved  to 
Iowa  and  was  elected  district  attorney  of  the  i3th  judicial  district  of  that 
State  in  1872,  serving  four  years  in  that  capacity;  came  to  California  in 
1877,  served  a  term  as  assistant  district  attorney  of  the  city;  and  county 
of  San  Francisco;  in  1884  wTas  elected  a  member  of  the  legislature  of 
California;  is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San 
Francisco,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


C.   J.'  DUFFY. 

Was  born  in  1844,  and  is  a  native  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania;  is 
engaged  in  merchandising.  Enlisted  in  1863  in  the  i3th  New  York 
Heavy  Artillery;  was  on  detached  service  on  gunboats  Reno  and  Foster; 
was  in  Rappahannock  expedition,  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  also  in  the 
first  and  second  expeditions  and  capture  of  Fort  Fisher  and  Wilmington, 
N.  C. ;  was  discharged  from  service  at  the  expiration  of  the  war,  at  Castle 
Garden,  New  York.  Is  a  member  of  Custer  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  and  the 
post  adjutant,  at  Tacoma,  Washington  Territory,  which  is  his  place  of 
residence. 

J.    PETER   D.   MOURIQUAND. 

Was  born  at  Beaufort,  in  the  department  of  Drome,  France;  came  to 
the  United  States  with  his  parents  in  February,  1859,  wno  nrst  settled  at 
Joliet,  Ills.;  from  thence  emigrating  to  Kansas;  twice  attempted  to  enlist 
in  the  summer  of  1861,  but  on  both  occasions  was  rejected  by  the  muster 
ing  officer  on  account  of  age;  finally  succeeded  on  October  29,  1861,  in 
enlisting  in  the  7th  Kansas  Cavalry  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to 
Grierson's  cavalry  division,  attached  to  i6th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the 


246  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

battles  of  Coffeeville,  Cold  Water,  Miss.,  Holly  Springs,  Oxford,  Pontotoc, 
Topelo — two  engagements — and  various  other  actions  in  Tennessee,  Mis 
souri,  and  Kansas — badly  hurt  by  horse  falling;  honorably  discharged 
from  service  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kas. ,  September  29,  1865;  is  a  member 
of  Stone  River  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Sedan,  Kas.,  near  where  he  resides, 
and  is  engaged  in  farming. 

DANIEL  GERMAN. 

Was  born  in  Canton  Berne,  Switzerland,  December  i,  1820;  came  to 
the  United  States  in  1840;  has  been  a  farmer,  miner,  and  manufacturer; 
is  at  present  settled  on  his  fruit  ranch  near  San  Jose,  Cal.  Enlisted  in 
Company  F,  looth  Indiana  Volunteers,  in  August,  1862,  and  served  as  a 
private;  was  attached  to  the  i5th  Army  Corps;  in  the  battle  of  Missionary 
Ridge  was  three  times  wounded,  once  by  a  spent  ball,  and  shortly  after 
wards  by  two  balls  almost  simultaneously,  involving  the  amputation  of 
his  left  arm  above  the  elbow;  was- honorably  discharged  from  service  in 
March,  1865;  is  a  pensioner  and  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
of  San  Jose,  Cal. ;  had  two  brothers  in  the  war,  one  of  whom  was  killed  at 
Gettysburg. 

JAMES   C.    FINNEY. 

Was  born  in  Franklin,  Warren  County,  Ohio,  April  14,  1847,  an<^  *s 
by  occupation  a  farmer.  Enlisted  March,  1863,  in  Company  F,  8th  Min 
nesota  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  in  the  campaign  of  General 
Sully  againt  the  Sioux  Indians  in  1863.  On  its  return  the  regiment  was 
ordered  to  Tennessee,  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  23d  Army 
Corps;  was  at  the  battle  of  Murfreesboro  and  in  the  various  engagements 
with  the  Confederate  forces  under  General  Hood,  to  the  Tennessee  River, 
thence  went  via  Cincinnati  and  Washington  to  North  Carolina;  took  part  in 
the  battle  at  Kingston,  and  present  at  the  surrender  of  General  Joe  Johnston ; 
was  mustered  out  of  service  July  n,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Warren  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  at  Sacramento  city,  and  resides  near  Walsh  Station,  Sacramento 
County,  Cal. 

PETER   WEST. 

Was  born  in  Berenrath,  Prussia,  September  10,  1840;  has  followed 
various  occupations  as  a  means  of  livelihood — saddler,  hotel-keeper,  justice 
of  the  peace,  city  marshal,  and  United  States  mail  contractor;  is  at  present 
a  law  student,  and  resides  in  Oakland,  Cal.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  yth 
Iowa  Cavalry,  September  22,  1864,  and  served  as  a  saddler;  belonged  to 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  247 

the  District  of  the  Plains,  under  the  command  of  General  P.  Edward 
Connor.  The  regiment  was  engaged  in  guarding  the  overland  mail  route. 
Comrade  West  was  in  the  fight  with  the  Indians  near  Julesburg,  Col. , 
January  7,  1865,  in  which  his  company  lost  seventeen  men  out  of  the 
thirty-five  soldiers  engaged,  the  Indians  greatly  outnumbering  the  troops. 
Mustered  out  of  service  at  Fort  Laramie  in  the  fall  of  1865;  is  a  member 
of  O.  M.  Mitchell  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Reno,  Nev. 


AUGUSTUS   BUTTERFIELD. 

Was  born  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  May  4,  1849,  an(^  is  a  fanner. 
Enlisted  in  Company  K,  39th  Illinois  Volunteers,  December  16,  1863, 
and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  loth  and  i8th  Army  Corps; 
badly  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Drewry's  Bluff,  Va.,  by  a  bayonet  wound 
in  right  leg  and  saber  cut  on  back  of  head;  taken  prisoner  and  sent  to 
Andersonville,  Ga.,  from  which  with  others  he  endeavored  to  escape  by 
tunneling,  but  was  frustrated;  after  nearly  four  months  in  that  "den  of 
horrors,"  was  transferred  to  Florence,  N.  C,  where  he  remained  about 
seven  months;  March  i,  1865,  was  paroled  and  sent  to  Annapolis,  Md.; 
when  exchanged  received  a  furlough  for  thirty  days,  at  the  expiration  of 
which  he  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Richmond,  Va.,  serving  in  Virginia 
until  mustered  out  at  Norfolk,  December  16,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Sum- 
ner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  which  is  his  post-office  address. 

JAMES   PRIMROSE   FRASER,  JR. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  5,  1836;  his  present  occupation 
is  that  of  moulder;  has  been  a  police  officer  and  railroad  conductor. 
Enlisted  first  in  Company  D,  22d  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  April  18,  1861, 
and  served  as  a  sergeant.  After  discharge,  enlisted  for  the  second  time  in 
Company  A,  68th  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  August  13,  1862,  and  served 
as  sergeant.  His  third  enlistment  was  in  Company  B,  i98th  Pennsylvania 
Volunteers,  in  which  regiment  he  was  orderly  sergeant,  and  served  until 
the  close  of  the  war;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  3d 
Army  Corps,  and  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  5th  Army  Corps;  was 
in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Preble's  Farm,  Poplar 
Grove  Church,  Hatcher's  Run,  Five  Forks,  Petersburg,  capture  of  Swell's 
corps,  and  the  surrender  of  General  Lee  at  Appomattox;  was  wounded  at 
Chancellorsville ;  was  presented  on  the  battle-field  with  the  medal  known 
as  the  "Kearny  Cross"— by  Major-General  David  B.  Birney,  U.  S.  Volun 
teers,  commanding  the  division — for  gallant  conduct.  After  being  confined 


248  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

to  the  Armory  Square  Hospital  in  Washington  city  for  over  two  months, 
was  transferred  to  the  Invalid  Corps  and  made  quartermaster-sergeant,  but 
was  finally  discharged  for  disability.  On  recovering  his  health  some  time 
after,  re-entered  the  army  as  before  stated.  Comrade  Fraser  is  a  member 
of  Farragut  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Vallejo,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence;  has 
been  junior  vice-commander,  post  adjutant  for  three  years,  and  delegate 
for  three  terms  to  the  G.  A.  R.  State  encampment;  has  been  for  several 
years  an  employe  at  the  Mare  Island  navy  yard. 

MARCELLUS   ROSS. 

Was  born  in  Pike  County,  Ills.,  "November  u,  1824;  nas  been  a 
fanner,  also  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  is  at  present  an  orchardist,  and 
resides  on  his  ranch  near  San  Jose,  Cal.  Enlisted  in  August,  1862,  in 
Company  A,  99th  Illinois  Infantry;  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  and 
appointed  adjutant;  served  in  that  capacity  for  about  six  months  in  the 
department,  when  in  consequence  of  a  severe  injury  which  he  siistained 
in  mounting  his  horse,  and  the  loss  of  hearing  in  his  right  ear  through 
exposure,  being  incapacitated  for  duty  in  the  field,  he  felt  constrained  to 
resign  his  commission  in  February,  1863.  Came  to  California  in  1881; 
is  a  member  of  Santa  Clara  County  Horticultural  Society,  and  of  John 
A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose. 

EMIL   F.  NINAS. 

Was  born  in  Germany  in  1842;  has  been  a  druggist;  is  now  an  insur 
ance  agent.  Enlisted  May  20,  1861,  in  Company  E  of  the  2d  Missouri 
Infantry,  and  served  as  ist  sergeant;  was  attached  to  the  2oth  and  4th 
Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  at  Pea  Ridge,  Perry ville,  Ky.,  Stone 
River,  Chickamauga,  Missionary  Ridge,  and  through  the  Atlanta  cam 
paign.  Comrade  Ninas  is  a  resident  of  Concordia,  Mo.,  and  is  a  member 
of  Colonel  Fred  Schaefer  Post  at  that  place;  has  been  chaplain,  quarter 
master,  and  adjutant  of  his  post. 

JOHN    D.   WHITNEY. 

Was  born  in  Windliam  County,  Vt,  July  4,  1843;  nas  been  engaged 
in  various  avocations  but  mostly  employed  in  railroading,  his  present  busi 
ness.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  4th  Vermont  Volunteer  Infantry,  Septem 
ber  5,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  6th  and  gtli 
Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battle  of  Fair  Oaks  and  the  other  engagements 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  249 

of  McClellan's  Peninsular  campaign  at  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  and 
Fredericksburg;  was  wounded  at  Antietam,  struck  by  a  fragment  of  shell, 
and  again  at  Fredericksburg;  after  lingering  some  time  in  a  hospital  was 
discharged  from  service  in  March,  1863,011  surgeon's  certificate  of  dis 
ability;  receives  a  pension  and  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
of  San  Jose,  Cal. ,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


THOMAS  MARSHALL  DUNEGAN.   . 

Was  born  in  Woodford  County,  Ky.,  July  13,  1832,  and  is  by  trade  a 
blacksmith.  Enlisted  in  the  i8th  Missouri  Volunteers,  February  18, 1862, 
and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  for  a  time  to  the  i6th  Army  Corps, 
afterwards  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  lyth  Army  Corps;  was  in  the 
battles  of  Shiloh,  2d  Corinth,  luka,  Resaca,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  siege  of 
Atlanta,  and  in  all  the  engagements  of  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea  and 
through  the  Carolinas  to  the  surrender  of  General  Joe  Johnston  ;  was 
honorably  discharged  March  27,  1865;  is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Silverton,  Or.,  and  resides  at  Mount  Angel,  Marion 
County,  Or. 

WILLIAM    CONKLIN    NEEDHAM. 

Was  born  in  Attleborough,  Bristol  County,  Mass.,  March  10,  1843; 
was  a  drug  clerk  previous  to  the  war,  and  since  has  been  in  the  general 
agency  business.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  i34th  Illinois  Volunteers,  May 
18,  1864;  saw  active  service  in  Kentucky,  operating  against  bushwhackers 
and  irregular  forces  of  the  Confederates;  was  mustered  out  at  Chicago,  Ills., 
October  25,  1864;  came  to  California  in  1874;  is  a  member  of  John  A. 
Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


JOHN   H.   RUSSELL. 

Was  born  in  Cook  County,  Ills.,  July  16,  1843.  Enlisted  in  Company 
F,  39th  Illinois  Volunteers,  Aiigust  5,  1861,  and  as  a  veteran  re-enlisted 
January  i,  1864;  served  as  a  private,  corporal,  sergeant,  2d  lieutenant, 
and  ist  lieutenant;  attached  first  to  Shields'  Division  operating  in  the 
Shenandoah  Valley,  and  afterward  to  the  4th.  loth,  i8th,  24th,  and  25th 
Army  Corps.  Commissioned  as  2d  lieutenant  March  25,  1865;  promoted 
to  ist  lieutenant  in  June,  1865,  and  brevetted  captain  in  1866;  was  in 
the  battles  of  Winchester,  Malvern  Hill,  storming  of  Morris  Island,  Fort 
Wagner,  Bermuda  Hundred,  Drewry's  Bluff,  Strawberry  Plains,  Charles 
City  Cross-roads,  Darby  town,  and  at  the  siege  of  Petersburg;  received 


250  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

a  flesh  wound  in  the  left  arm;  was  regimental  quartermaster  during  the 
year  1865;  after  the  surrender  of  General  Lee  at  Appomattox  was  sent 
with  the  20th  Army  Corps  to  Texas  and  was  on  frontier  duty  along 
the  Rio  Grande  River  until  February  25,  1867,  when  he  was  honorably 
discharged  from  the  service.  Comrade  Russell  is  a  member  of  John  A. 
Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal. ,  and  has  been  its  senior  vice-com 
mander;  is  a  lawyer  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  that 
city. 

JAMES   B.  WHITE. 

Was  born  in  England,  November  3,  1846;  has  been  by  occupation  a 
laborer  and  merchant.  Enlisted  October  3,  1861,  in  Company  D  of  the 
5th  New  York  Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private ;  was  with  General  Shields' 
command  at  the  first  battle  of  Winchester,  and  with  Banks  at  Front 
Royal  and  second  Winchester.  His  company  served  as  a  battery  of  artillery 
after  and  during  the  battle  of  Antietam,  and  later  on  as  cavalry  under 
Kilpatrick  at  Gettysburg,  and  with  Sheridan  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley 
until  expiration  of  term  of  service  and  final  discharge  in  October,  1864; 
was  wounded  in  the  head  by  saber  cut  at  Front  Royal  and  by  a  bullet  in 
the  right  leg  at  Winchester.  Comrade  White  is  a  member  of  Sunnier 
Post  of  Sacramento,  Cal. ,  where  he  resides. 


GEORGE   HENRY   PETTIS. 

Was  born  in  Pawtucket,  R.  I.,  March  17,  1834;  at  the  age  of  twelve 
years  entered  the  office  of  the  Cataract,  a  newspaper  published  at  Cohoes, 
N.  Y. ;  in  1849  removed  to  Providence,  R.  I.,  where  he  followed  the  occu 
pation  of  a  printer  until  1854,  when  he  came  to  California;  for  a  time  was 
engaged  in  mining  at  Garrote,  Tuolumne  County;  was  employed  at  his 
trade  as  compositor  in  San  Francisco  from  1858  until  August  16,  1861, 
when  he  entered  the  military  service  of  the  United  States  as  2d  lieutenant, 
Company  B,  ist  California  Infantry;  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant,  Company 
K,  ist  California  Infantry,  January  i,  1862;  commissioned  ist  lieutenant, 
Company  F,  ist  New  Mexico  Infantry,  Febmary  15,  1865,  and  appointed 
adjutant  June  i,  1865;  was  in  several  skirmishes  with  Apache  and  Ara- 
pahoe  Indians;  brevetted  captain  United  States  Vohmteers  March  13,  1865, 
"  for  distinguished  gallantry  in  the  engagement  at  Adobe  Fort,  N.  M., 
with  the  Kiowa  and  Comanche  Indians;"  was  mustered  out  of  service  at 
Santa  Fe,  N.  M.,  September  i,  1866;  in  1868  removed  from  New  Mexico 
to  Providence,  R.  I.,  which  is  now  his  place  of  residence;  was  for  four 
years  a  member  of  the  city  council;  has  been  a  member  of  the  Rhode 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  251 

Island  Legislature;  was  "boarding  officer"  of  the  port  of  Providence  from 
1878  to  1885;  since  which  time  has  been  the  marine  editor  of  the  Provi 
dence  Jon rnaL  Comrade  Pettis  is  a  member  of  Arnold  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Providence,  R.  I. ;  has  been  officer  of  the  day,  chief  mustering  officer 
department  of  Rhode  Island,  member  of  the  national  council  of  adminis 
tration,  and  delegate  to  the  twentieth  national  encampment,  G.  A.  R. , 
which  was  held  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

HENRY    KNIGHT. 

Was  born  in  Marlow,  Cheshire  County,  N.  H.;  was  a  school-teacher 
before  the  war.  Enlisted  September  22,  1862,  in  Company  B,  of  the  i4th 
New  Hampshire  Regiment;  served  as  ist  sergeant;  was  finally  discharged 
at  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  June,  1865.  Comrade  Knight  is  a  charter  mem 
ber  of  Post  No.  19,  of  Fitchburg,  Mass.,  but  moved  to  Middletown,  Ohio, 
in  1872,  and  January  31,  1883,  became  a  charter  member  of  Jacob  Baker 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Ohio,  with  headquarters  at  his  place  of 
residence,  of  which  post  he  is  the  present  commander.  At  present  is 
engaged  in  the  plumbing,  steam  and  gas-fitting  business  and  is  a  pension 
attorney. 

GEORGE  W.  BENTLY. 

Was  born  in  Granger  County,  Tenn.,  August  16,  1838.  Enlisted  in 
July,  1861,  in  Captain  Godfrey  Norton's  company  Missouri  Volunteers, 
called  out  for  six  months'  service,  and  again  enlisted  March  21,  1863,  in 
Captain  James  K.  Martin's  company  of  Missouri  militia,  assigned  to  duty 
of  guarding  railroad  and  operating  against  bushwhackers;  discharged  on 
account  of  enlistment  September  13,  1863,  in  Company  F,  i2th  Missouri 
Cavalry;  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Nashville,  Franklin,  Columbus,  and 
Campbellsville,  Tenn. ;  mustered  out  of  service  at  Fort  Leaven  worth,  Kas., 
in  1866;  came  to  Oregon  in  1873;  is  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Silverton,  Or.,  and  has  been  its  senior  vice-commander;  is 
extensively  engaged  in  farming  and  hop-raising  near  Silverton. 


JOSEPH   G.  MARSHALL. 

Was  born  in  Madison,  Jefferson  County,  Ind.,  April  4,  1842,  and 
where  he  has  since  resided,  with  the  exception  of  the  time  he  was  in  the 
army  and  the  four  years  he  was  engaged  in  fanning  near  Tolono,  Ills. ; 
his  present  occupation  is  that  of  United  States  claim  agent.  Enlisted  in 
Company  E,  6th  Indiana  Infantry,  under  the  call  for  volunteers  for  three 


252  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

months'  service;  was  a  private;  re-entered  after  term  of  enlistment  had 
expired,  in  Company  G,  I3th  Indiana  Cavalry,  in  which  he  served  as  2d 
and  ist  lieutenant;  was  attached  to  Department  of  West  Virginia  in  his 
first  enlistment,  and  in  the  second  to  the  ist  Cavalry  Division  under 
General  Grierson,  Army  of  the  Mississippi;  was  in  the  battles  of  Hiints- 
ville,  Philippi,  W.  Va.,  Nashville,  Mnrfreesboro,  Overall  Creek,  and  at 
Mobile;  received  a  slight  wound  in  left  hand;  honorably  discharged 
from  service,  December  30,  1865;  is  a  member  of  A.  O.  Bachman  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  at  Madison,  Ind.,  in  which  he  has  held  the  position  of  officer 
of  the  day. 

ASHBURY   S.  DICKINSON. 

Was  born  at  Wiscasset,  Me.,  February  23,  1847,  *s  a  moulder  by  trade. 
Enlisted  August  9,  1862,  in  Company  G  of  the  2oth  Maine  Infantry, 
and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division, 
5th  Army  Corps;  joined  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  at  Arlington  Heights, 
Va.,  and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antietam; 
shared  the  fortunes  of  that  army  down  through  Virginia,  was  in  the  bat 
tle  of  Fredericksburg,  and  took  part  in  the  celebrated  mud  inarch  in  the 
winter  of  1862-63;  was  wounded  in  left  leg  with  buckshot  at  Ashby's 
Gap,  and  in  right  leg  by  fragment  of  shell;  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Gettysburg,  Shepardstown  Ford,  and  Mine  Run;  was  transferred  in  April, 
1864,  to  the  U.  S.  Navy,  and  served  on  board  the  U.  S.  steamer  Noncich 
as  coxswain  of  gig ;  was  attached  to  the  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squad 
ron;  was  mustered  out  in  June,  1865.  Comrade  Dickinson  is  a  resident  of 
Sacramento,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,of  that  place. 


PATRICK   MOLOUGHNEY. 

Was  born  in  Ireland  in  1840;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1856, 
landing  at  New  York  city.  Enlisted  June  30,  1860,  in  what  was  then  the 
ist  U.  S.  Cavalry,  now  known  as  the  4th  U.  S.  Cavalry;  was  serving  in 
the  military  department  of  Texas  under  General  Twiggs  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  Rebellion;  refused  to  join  the  Confederate  forces  or  be  discharged 
from  the  United  States  service,  the  proposition  made  by  General  Twiggs 
to  the  soldiers  of  his  command  at  the  time  he  resigned  his  commission  and 
entered  the  Confederate  service;  was  one  of  the  800  enlisted  men  who  in 
May,  1861,  marched  from  Texas  to  join  the  Union  forces;  served  with  his 
regiment  in  goth  Brigade  of  cavalry,  in  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland, 
and  in  turn  under  the  following  named  officers  as  they  commanded  armies 
in  the  west  and  southwest:  General  Lyon,  at  the  battles  of  Dry  Springs 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  253 

and  Springfield,  Mo. ;  Pope  at  Blackwater,  New  Madrid,  the  capture  of 
Island  No.  10,  and  at  Farmington,  Miss.;  Buell  at  Corinth  and  Perryville; 
Rosecrans  at  Stone  River  and  Chickamauga;  Sherman  in  his  Atlanta 
campaign  and  in  all  the  general  engagements  attending  it,  and  Wilson 
in  the  last  grand  raid  of  the  war  and  in  which  with  15,000  cavalry  he 
marched  to  Macon,  Ga.,  a  portion  of  the  command  capturing  Jefferson 
Davis;  mustered  out  of  service,  then  a  sergeant,  June  30,  1865.  Comrade 
Moloughney  was  in  twenty-six  general  engagements  besides  [skirmishes; 
since  the  war  he  has  been  engaged  for  the  last  eighteen  years  in  mining; 
is  a  member  of  Phil  Kearny  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Virginia  City,  Nev.,  and 
is  at  present  a  resident  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

MAHLON   G.  BAILEY. 

Was  born  in  Clinton  County,  Ohio,  May  i,  1840,  and  is  by  occupa 
tion  an  accountant  and  book-keeper.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  2d  Ohio 
Volunteers,  April  17,  1861,  a  three  months'  regiment.  At  termination  of 
service  re-enlisted,  and  in  Company  F,  8ist  Ohio  Volunteers,  August  27, 
1861;  was  promoted  from  private  to  2d  lieutenant  December  3,  1861;  was 
in  battles  of  Bull  Run,  Shiloh,  and  other  engagements;  disabled  in  line 
of  duty  by  his  horse  falling  with  him;  resigned  September  5,  1862,  with 
a  view  of  change  of  service  to  the  navy.  Was  appointed  a  master's  mate 
in  the  navy  January  9,  1863,  and  joined  the  U.  S.  steamer  Curlew,  belong 
ing  to  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  flotilla;  participated  in  all  the  engage 
ments  of  that  vessel,  and  frequently  in  command  of  parties  landed  for 
raiding  purposes;  was  promoted  to  ensign  and  made  executive  officer  July 
24,  1864;  subsequently  transferred  by  request  to  U.  S.  steamer  Benton, 
iron-clad  and  flag-ship  of  Mississippi  Squadron,  and  from  thence  placed  in 
command  of  U.  S.  steamer  Springfield,  in  which  he  served  until  the  close 
of  the  war;  was  honorably  discharged  the  service  October  28,  1865.  ^s 
a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal.,  of  which 
city  he  is  a  resident. 

REUBEN    B.  PRESSON. 

Was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  August  29,  1825;  n^s  fifst  occupation 
was  that  of  cooper;  at  present  is  a  real  estate  agent  and  land  lawyer. 
Entered  the  military  service  August  5,  1861,  as  2d  lieutenant  in  the  28th 
Illinois;  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  February  25,  1862,  and  captain 
Company  G  March  8,  1862;  was  first  attached  to  Hurlbut's  Brigade,  i6th 
Army  Corps,  then  in  the  i7th  Army  Corps,  and  finally  in  the  i3th  Vet 
eran  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Belmout,  Fort  Henry,  Fort 


254  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Hindman,  Donelson,  Shiloh,  Corinth,  Hatchie,  Vicksburg,  and  Fort  Beau- 
regard;  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Natchez,  Miss.,  October  7, 
1864;  has  been  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.  posts  at  Stuart,  la..,  and  Tecum- 
seh,  Neb.,  and  a  post  commander;  is  at  present  a  resident  of  Haigler, 
Dundy  County,  Neb.,  but  purposes  moving  to  Burlington,  Elbert  Count}-, 
Col. 

M.    D.    BURGESS. 

Was  born  in  Canada,  November  7,  1835;  came  to  the  United  States 
at  the  age  of  eighteen  years,  and  resided  at  Niagara,  and  then  at  Buffalo, 
N.  Y. ,  from  thence  to  California,  where  he  engaged  in  mining;  his  present 
occupation  is  that  of  carpenter.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  7th  California 
Infantry,  October  27,  1864;  served  as  a  private  for  a  time  and  was  pro 
moted  to  the  position  of  quartermaster-sergeant;  served  in  Arizona,  New 
Mexico,  and  Western  Texas,  frequently  commanded  scouting  parties  and 
reconnoitering  expeditions,  volunteering  for  that  purpose,  it  being  out  of 
the  line  of  his  staff  duties;  was  honorably  discharged  from,  service  in 
May,  1866;  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

j.  G.  DETURK. 

Was  born  in  Berks  County,  Pa.,  November  14,  1833,  is  engaged  in 
the  livery-stable  business.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  86th  Indiana  Volun 
teers,  September  4,  1862;  commissioned  as  a  lieutenant  in  January,  1863, 
was  also  appointed  provost  marshal;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Divi 
sion,  4th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Mission  Ridge,  Perry ville, 
Stone  River,  Chickamauga,  Franklin,  Nashville,  and  in  all  the  general 
engagements  from  Ringgold,  Ga. ,  to  the  capture  of  Atlanta;  honorably 
discharged  from  the  service  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  June,  1865.  Is  a 
member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  I/DS  Angeles,  Cal.,  his  place 
of  residence. 

BENJAMIN   F.    BRANNAN. 

Was  born  in  Brownstown,  Ind.,  August  8,  1833,  and  has  been  a 
farmer  and  hotel-keeper.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  28th  Iowa  Volunteers, 
August  5,  1862;  belonged  to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  i3th  Amu- 
Corps,  and  served  as  a  private;  while  on  picket  duty  near  Helena,  Ark., 
was,  with  twenty -five  other  men  of  his  regiment,  taken  prisoner;  was 
exchanged,  and  rejoined  the  regiment  in  time  to  go  on  the  Vicksburg 
campaign;  was  in  all  the  engagements,  including  the  battle  of  Port  Gib 
son,  from  the  first  part  of  April  until  the  i6th  day  of  May,  1863;  when 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  255 

in  the  battle  at  Champion  Hill  he  was  wounded  and  taken  prisoner  for 
the  second  time;  at  the  time  of  exchange  was  almost  on  the  verge  of 
death;  when  sufficiently  recovered  was  sent  up  the  Mississippi  River  to 
St.  Louis;  when  pronounced  by  a  board  of  surgeons  as  unfit  for  field  duty, 
was  ordered  to  Indianapolis,  Ind. ,  and  assigned  to  provost  and  detective 
duty,  on  which  he  remained  until  honorably  discharged  July  13,  1865. 
Came  to  California  in  1867;  is  a  member  of  Lou  Morris  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Livermore,  Alameda  County,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


JOHN    EDWIN   LOMBARD. 

At  present  a  resident  of  Portland,  Or.;  was  born  April  5,  1836,  in 
Wales,  Me.;  was  a  sea-captain  from  1857  to  1882;  at  present  a  merchant 
and  marine  surveyor.  Entered  the  U.  S.  Navy  in  1861  as  an  acting 
master;  served  in  the  Atlantic  and  Gulf  squadrons;  was  promoted  to 
acting  volunteer  lieutentant-commander  for  meritorious  service.  In  April, 
1864,  resigned  from  the  navy  and  took  a  command  in  the  transport  serv 
ice,  and  so  continued  until  the  close  of  the  war;  took  part  in  the  general 
engagements  at  Port  Royal,  Forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip,  in  the  Missis 
sippi  River,  and  several  smaller  battles.  Comrade  Lombard  is  a  member 
of  George  Wright  Post,  No.  i,  of  Portland,  Or.;  has  been  an  officer  on 
the  staff  of  the  department  commander.  Has  had  an  extensive  experience 
at  sea;  has  commanded  some  of  the  finest  merchant  vessels  in  the  China 
and  East  India  trade,  and  in  the  twenty-four  years,  of  his  service  in  com 
mand  never  lost  a  vessel  or  met  with  any  serious  accident.  Since  1882 
has  been  in  business  in  Portland,  Or. ;  in  October,  1883,  was  appointed 
surveyor  for  the  San  Francisco  Board  of  Marine  Underwriters,  and  is  sur 
veyor  for  Bureau  of  Veritas  of  France. 


FRANK    P.    MONTGOMERY. 

Was  born  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  August  27,  1850;  and  is  by  occupation  a 
teacher.  Enlisted  as  a  bugler  in  May,  1863,  in  Battery  C,  3d  New  York 
Light  Artillery,  unattached;  sent  to  New  Berne,  N.  C.,  where  it  guarded 
the  river  and  approaches  to  the  city;  comrade  Montgomery  accompanied 
the  battery  in  several  expeditions  to  the  interior  of  the  State;  on  one  occa 
sion,  with  a  detachment  of  cavalry  and  infantry,  they  surprised  and  made 
prisoners  of  a  force  of  five  hundred  Confederates,  with  arms,  equipments, 
horses,  and  a  large  amount  of  military  stores;  was  mustered  out  of  service 
at  Syracuse,  N.  Y.;  after  a  few  months  of  civil  life  enlisted  for  the  second 
time  as  a  general  musician  in  the  i2th  U.  S.  Infantry;  was  a  member  of 


:>r>f,  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE' 

the  band  when  the  regiment  formed  a  portion  of  the  escort  at  the  first 
inauguration  of  President  Grant;  was  on  duty  at  Washington  city  for  over 
two  years,  when  the  regiment  was  transferred  to  the  Department  of  the 
Pacific;  honorably  discharged  the  service  April  n,  1869;  ^s  a  member  of 
John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal.,N  at  which  city  he  is  employed 
as  teacher  in  the  public  schools. 

HENRY   H.  ANDERSON. 

Was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  May  28,  1838;  is  a  merchant  by  occu 
pation.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  34th  Ohio  Volunteers,  in  July,  1861; 
served  as  a  private  and  sergeant;  promoted  to  2d  lieutenant,  and  Septem 
ber  i,  1861,  brevetted  captain  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct;  was 
in  the  West  Virginia  campaign  and  in  the  battles  of  Chapmanville,  Lew- 
isburg,  Raleigh,  Fayetteville,  Gauley,  and  Charleston;  was  slightly  wounded 
at  Fayetteville,  a  fragment  of  shell  striking  him  in  the  neck;  had  lost  the 
use  of  left  eye,  and  from  debility  and  exposure  the  other  eye,  in  sympathy, 
became  so  affected  as  to  threaten  him  with  total  blindness,  in  consequence 
of  which  he  was  compelled  to  resign  in  December,  18.62.  Came  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1875  and  engaged  in  business  at  San  Jose;  is  a  member  of  Phil 
Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  that  place. 

HORACE  MOODY. 

Was  born  in  Kenosha,  Wis.,  January  i,  1846,  and  is  by  occupation  a 
carpenter.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  i2th  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  in  Sep 
tember,  1864,  and  at  once  proceeded  to  join  the  regiment  at  Atlanta,  Ga.; 
belonged  to  the  3d  Division,  lyth  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  at 
Orangeburg,  capture  of  Savannah,  Bentonville,  Goldsboro,  and  the  other 
engagements  in  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea  and  through  the  Carolinas; 
honorably  discharged  from  service  in  May,  1865.  Came  to  California  in 
1877,  and  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose,  of 
which  city  he  is  a  resident. 

H.    B.    WORCESTER. 

Was  born  in  Essex  County,  N.  Y.,  January  3,  1842;  was  engaged  at 
fanning  previous  to  his  enlistment;  after  the  war  completed  his  education 
at  the  University  of  Chicago,  and  became  an  accountant  and  general 
adjuster;  is  at  present  the  principal  of  the  Garden  City  Commercial  College 
at  San  Jose",  Cal.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  i8th  Wisconsin  Volunteers, 


GRAND   ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  257 

September  15,  1861;  served  as  private,  corporal,  and  sergeant;  belonged 
to  the  1 5th  Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  battles  of  Shiloh,  ist  and  2d 
Corinth,  Holly  Springs,  and  many  minor  actions;  honorably  discharged 
from  service  in  the  spring  of  1863;  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose,  of  which  he  is  a  past  post  commander,  and  is  a 
past  chief  mustering  officer  of  the  department  of  California,  G.  A.  R. 

JOHN   S.   MATHER. 

Was  born  in  Logan  County,  Ohio,  November  19,  1843,  and  is  by 
occupation  a  miller.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  gth  Iowa  Infantry,  Septem 
ber  8,  1861;  commissioned  2d  lieiitenant  November  2,  1864;  ist  lieutenant 
January  5,  1865,  and  captain  June  19,  1865;  promoted  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  on  the  battle-field;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Pea 
Ridge,  Chickasaw  Bayou,  Arkansas  Post,  Jackson,  Miss. ,  siege  and  assault 
of  Vicksburg,  Lookout  Mountain,  Mission  Ridge,  Ringold,  Resaca,  New 
Hope,  Big  Shanty,  Lovejoy,  Eden  Station,  Congaree  Creek,  Cohimbia, 
Bentonville,  all  the  engagements  of  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea  and 
through  the  Carolinas;  served  continuously  for  four  years  with  his  regi 
ment,  it  never  made  a  march,  was  never  under  fire  without  his  being 
with  it;  the  regiment  lost  247  men  at  Pea  Ridge,  its  first  engagement, 
and  in  in  the  assault  at  Vicksburg;  was  under  fire  for  fifty -six  con 
secutive  days  in  the  Atlanta  campaign;  it  belonged  to  the  ist  and  after 
wards  the  3d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  i5th  Army  Corps;  mustered  out  of 
service  July  18,  1865. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  comrade  Mather  was  tendered  a  commission 
of  captain  in  the  regular  army,  but  having  lost  three  brothers  in  the  war, 
and  being  the  only  son  left  his  mother,  on  her  account  declined  the  posi 
tion.  He  was  for  a  time  captain  of  the  Jasper  Grays  of  the  Iowa  National 
Guard,  which  he  resigned  on  his  removal  to  California  some  ten  years  ago; 
is  a  member  of  L.  H.  Rousseau  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Kelseyville,  Lake 
County,  CaL,  his  place  of  residence;  is  the  post  commander,  to  which  he 
has  been  twice  unanimously  elected. 

DANIEL   PRICE. 

Was  born  April  19,  1849,  in  Charles  County,  Md. ;  has  been  a  farmer; 
is  at  present  a  coachman;  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  being  only  fourteen 
years  old,  left  his  home  and  followed  the  army,  commencing  at  the  second 
battle  of  Fredericksburg;  was  with  the  27th  New  Jersey  Regiment,  then 
attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  of  the  gth  Army  Corps;  shared 


258  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

the  fortunes  of  this  regiment  in  all  its  marches  from  Newport  News  through 
Kentucky  and  back  to  their  home;  when  sixteen  years  old,  in  September, 
1864,  enlisted  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d 
Division,  loth  Army  Corps,  and  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  25th  Corps; 
was  in  the  battles  at  Newmarket  Heights,  capture  of  Fort  Hill,  forts  Har 
rison  and  Gilmore,  Deep  Bottom,  Fort  Sedgwick,  Fair  Oaks,  and  the  siege 
of  Petersburg;  was  present  at  the  surrender  of  General  Lee,  after  which 
was  transferred  to  the  Department  of  Texas;  was  finally  discharged  Octo 
ber  20,  1865.  Comrade  Price  is  a  member  of  Robert  G.  Shaw  Post,  of 
Morristown,  N.  J.;  is  quartermaster  of  his  post,  and  has  been  senior  vice- 
commander  and  commander  of  his  post;  for  the  past  thirteen  years  has 
been  a  resident  of  Morristown,  N.  J. 

MARION    D.    EGBERT. 

Was  born  in  Lebanon,  Warren  County,  Ohio,  June  4,  1844;  is  a  law 
yer  and  journalist;  enlisted  the  first  time  in  Company  K,  86th  Ohio  Vol 
unteers,  the  second  time  in  Company  A,  i46th  Ohio  Volunteers,  2d 
Brigade,  3d  Division,  gth  Army  Corps;  was  acting  ordnance-sergeant  at 
Cumberland  Gap  in  the  fall  and  winter  of  1863-64.  Engaged  in  the 
battle  at  Cumberland  Gap  September  9,  1 863.  By  a  powder  explosion 
November  20,  1863,  lost  sight  of  left  eye,  hearing  of  left  ear,  and  partial 
paralysis  of  left  side;  was  discharged  from  service  September  15,  1864;  is 
a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Walla  Walla,  W.  Ty.,  where  he 
resides,  and  is  editorially  connected  with  the  Daily  Journal  published  at 
that  place. 

HENRY   GEORGE   HICKS. 

Was  born  in  Varysburg,  Wyoming  County,  N.  Y.,  January  26,  1838. 
Prior  to  the  war  was  engaged  as  a  student  in  the  common  schools,  and  the 
preparatory  department  of  Oberlin  College,  and  as  a  school-master  and 
farm-laborer.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  2d  Illinois  Cavalry,  July  26,  1861; 
served  as  a  private,  sergeant,  sergeant-major,  and  was  promoted  to  ist 
lieutenant  and  appointed  adjutant  October  10,  1861.  Being  mustered  out 
June  i,  1862,  as  an  extra  lieutenant,  was  appointed  adjutant  7ist  Illinois 
Infantry  in  August  following;  was  transferred  as  adjutant  to  the  93d  Illi 
nois  Infantry  November  15,  1862;  belonged  to  the  i5th  Army  Corps,  and 
afterwards  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  iyth  Army  Corps.  Participated 
in  the  battles  of  Fort  Donelson,  Raymond,  Jackson,  Miss.,  Champion 
Hills,  Vicksburg,  and  Mission  Ridge,  at  which  last  battle  he  was  severely 
wounded  in  the  face  by  a  minie-ball.  Honorably  discharged  the  service, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  259 

on  account  of  wounds,  at  Covington,  Ky.,  February  28,  1864.  Comrade 
Hicks  moved  to  Minnesota,  studied  law,  and  is  now  a  member  of  the  law 
firm  of  Cross,  Hicks  &  Carleton,  at  Minneapolis,  Minn.  Among  the 
public  offices  he  has  held  are:  sheriff  of  Hennepin  County,  Minn.,  two 
terms;  city  justice  of  Minneapolis,  two  terms;  member  of  the  house  of 
representatives  in  the  Minnesota  Legislature  seven  years,  and  president  of 
the  Soldiers'  Orphans'  Board  nine  years.  Having  joined  George  N.  Mor 
gan  Post,  No.  4,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Minnesota,  in  April,  1867,  acted 
as  its  commander  for  five  terms;  was  department  commander  in  1868,  and 
delegate  to  the  national  encampment  which  met  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in 
1872.  The  post  and  department  went  down  in  1877,  but  comrade  Hicks 
was  restored  to  the  rank  of  past  department  commander  by  the  national 
encampment  at  Denver  in  1883.  He  is  at  present  a  member  of  John  A. 
Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Minneapolis,  his  place  of  residence. 


FRANKLIN  G.  TRACY. 

Was  born  in  Orleans  County,  State  of  New  York,  February  9,  1828, 
and  is  a  woolen  manufacturer.  Enlisted  in  the  io2d  Ohio  Volunteers, 
August  14,  1862,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade, 
4th  Division,  2oth  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Franklin,  Nashville, 
and  several  lesser  engagements;  was  mustered  out  of  service  July  4,  1865. 
Is  a  member  of  Alfred  Sully  Post  at  Dayton,  Columbia  County,  W.  Ty., 
of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 


JOHN  MILTON  TOBIAS. 

Was  born  in  Paris,  Jennings  County,  Ind.,  June  26,  1840.  When  a 
boy  worked  on  a  farm  in  summer,  going  to  school  six  months  each  year; 
was  learning  the  trade  of  stone-cutter  when  the  war  commenced,  after 
wards  studied  medicine,  and  is  at  present  a  practicing  physician.  Enlisted 
in  Company  A,  i2th  Indiana  Volunteer  Infantry,  April  21,  1861,  the  regi 
ment  being  organized  for  one  year,  but  afterwards  reorganized  for  three 
years,  when  he  re-enlisted,  June  20,  1862.  Served  as  a  private,  2d 
sergeant,  orderly  sergeant,  and  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant,  August 
i,  1864  ;  commanded  company  most  of  the  time  until  mustered  out. 
Was  one  year  in  Banks'  command,  the  second  year  in  the  i6th  Army 
Corps,  and  the  last  two  years  in  the  i5th  Army  Corps.  Took  part 
in  the  engagements  of  Banks'  operations  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley, 
Richmond,  Ky. ,  August  30,  1862,  where  he  was  captured,  but  paroled 


260  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

after  being  four  days  a  prisoner,  and  in  all  the  actions  of  the  1 5th  Army 
Corps  after  his  regiment  was  assigned  to  it.  Was  shot  through  the 
shoulder  in  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge,  November  25,  1863.  Honor 
ably  discharged  from  service  at  Indianapolis,  Ind. ,  June,  1865.  Is  a 
member  of  Monroe  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Casey,  Clark  County,  IJls.,  where 
he  resides;  has  been  a  post  commander,-  senior  and  junior  vice-commander, 
and  post  surgeon.  Was  a  delegate  from  Illinois,  and  attended  the  2oth 
national  encampment,  G.  A.  R.,  which  met  at  San  Francisco,  CaL,  in 
August,  1886. 

WILLIAM  SHIELDS  ODELL. 

Was  born  in  Belleville,  Hendricks  County,  Ind.,  September  16, 
1843,  and  is  engaged  in  prosecuting  claims  before  the  several  executive 
departments  of  the  Government  and  the  Court  of  Claims,  at  Washington 
city,  D.  C.  Enlisted  in  ;th  Indiana  Volunteer  Infantry,  August  7,  1861; 
served  as  a  private  and  sergeant;  belonged  to  the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division, 
ist  Army  Corps,  and  afterwards  to  the  ist  Brigade,  4th  Division,  5th  Army 
Corps.  Took  part  in  the  battles  of  Greenbrier,  Port  Republic,  Winches 
ter,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Second  Bull  Run,  Fredericksburg,  Chan- 
cellorsville,  Mine  Run,  Gettysburg,  Wilderness,  Laurel  Hill,  Spottsylvania 
Court-house,  Bethesda  Church,  Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Petersburg,  and 
other  engagements.  Was  with  his  regiment  in  over  twenty-three  battles, 
constantly  with  his  company,  never  missed  a  march  or  an  engagement, 
always  present  for  duty.  Was  shot  through  the  right  thigh  in  assault  on 
Petersburg.  Mustered  out  September  22,  1864,  by  reason  of  expiration 
of  term  of  service.  Is  a  member  of  Burnside  Post,  No.  8,  G.  A.  R. , 
department  of  Potomac  at  Washington  city,  his  place  of  residence;  has 
served  as  senior  vice-commander,  and  was  post  commander  until  elected 
senior  vice  department  commander,  which  position  he  now  holds. 


ROBERT  HUENCKE. 

Was  born  in  Rosenberg,  Western  Prussia,  December  28,  1838;  edu 
cated  at  the  military  academy  at  Culm,  Prussia,  graduating  therefrom  in 
1858,  when  he  was  commissioned  a  lieutenant  in  the  i2th  Prussian 
Grenadiers;  resigned  in  January,  1864,  for  the  purpose  of  coming  to  the 
United  States  and  taking  part  in  the  war;  landed  at  Portland,  Me.,  and 
two  days  afterwards,  March  28,  1864,  enlisted  in  Company  G,  7th  Maine 
Volunteers,  serving  as  private  and  corporal;  belonged  to  3d  Brigade,  2d 
Division,  6th  Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania  Court-house,  North  Anna,  Pamunky,  and  Cold  Harbor, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  261 

where,  on  June  3,  1864,  he  was  wounded  in  left  leg  by  a  minie-ball  and 
disabled  for  field  duty  until  the  following  September,  when  he  rejoined 
his  regiment  at  Bolivar  Heights,  Va. ,  participating  in  the  battles  of  Win 
chester,  Fisher's  Hill,  and  Cedar  Creek,  from  thence  proceeded  to  Peters 
burg  and  took  part  in  the  siege;  was  at  Hatcher's  Run,  and  all  the  subse 
quent  engagements  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  to  the  surrender  of 
General  Lee  at  Appomattox,  which  he  witnessed;  finally  discharged  from 
service  at  Danville,  Va.,  May  14,  1865,  on  surgeon's  certificate  of  dis 
ability  from  wounds  received  in  action;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Jose,  Cal. ,  at  which  place  he  resides.  • 


THOMAS  A.  ATWOOD. 

Was  born  in  Fairfield  County,  Ohio,  February  27,  1843;  nas  been  a 
farmer  and  carpenter;  enlisted  August  22,  1862,  in  Company  B  of  the 
25th  Iowa  Infantry  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  ist  and 
3d  Brigades  of  the  ist  Division,  i5th  Army  Corps;  joined  the  army  of 
the  Tennessee  at  Helena,  Ark.,  in  November,  1862,  and  was  with  it 
through  the  campaign  and  capture  of  Vicksburg;  thence  to  the  battles  of 
Jackson,  Miss.,  Chattanooga,  and  Lookout  Mountain;  was  with  Sherman 
in  his  march  to  Atlanta,  and  from  Atlanta  to  the  sea,  and  through  the 
Carolinas  to  Washington,  taking  part  in  the  grand  review;  at  Re'saca,  Ga. , 
was  wounded  in  right  hand;  honorably  discharged  June,  1865.  Comrade 
Atwood  is  a  resident  of  Sacramento,  Cal. ,  and  a  member  of  Sumner  Post 
at  that  place. 

JOSEPH  CAMPBELL  OLIVER. 

Was  born  inGoshen,  Clermont  County,  Ohio,  November  3,  1836.  He 
is  a  graduate  of  Miami  University,  at  Oxford,  Ohio,  and  a  teacher  by  pro 
fession,  also  a  botanist  of  much  local  repute.  At  the  outbreak  of  the 
Civil  War  was  engaged  in  teaching,  resigned  his  school,  and  enlisted  in 
Company  C,  8gth  Ohio  Infantry,  served  for  a  short  time  as  a  private,  and 
was  then  promoted  to  orderly  sergeant  of  his  company.  Was  commissioned 
ist  lieutenant  in  June,  1864;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division, 
1 4th  Army  Corps.  Took  part  in  the  battles  of  Chickamauga,  Benton- 
ville,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Peach  Tree  Creek,  and  all  the  principal  engage 
ments  occurring  in  the  campaign  of  Sherman,  from  Chattanooga  to  the 
fall  of  Atlanta,  and  in  the  march  to  the  sea,  and  through  the  Carolinas. 
Was  captured  at  Chickamauga,  confined  as  prisoner  of  war  at  Belle  Isle, 
for  a  time  in  Richmond,  and  then  at  Danville,  Va. ,  at  which  place  made 
two  attempts  to  escape  by  tunneling,  in  the  last  effort  being,  with  two 


262  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

other  comrades,  successful.  Reached  the  Union  lines  at  Fayetteville, 
W.  Va.,  having  crossed  the  Bine  Ridge  and  Alleghany  mountains-,  and 
traveled  thirty -two  days  through  country  occupied  by  the  enemy.  One 
of  his  comrades,  Private  McKinnie,  of  his  regiment,  and  a  former  pupil, 
was  recaptured  near  the  summit  of  the  Blue  Ridge  by  a  rebel  recruit 
ing  party,  and  taken  to  Andersonville,  where  he  died.  Comrade  Oliver 
rejoined  his  regiment,  and  on  the  reception  of  his  commission  as  ist  lieu 
tenant,  bestowed  for  gallantry  at  Chickamauga  and  the  exploit  of  his 
escape,  was  given  command  of  his  company,  which  he  retained  until  the 
termination  of  the  war.  Mustered  out  of  service  in  the  spring  of  1865. 
Was  post  commander  of  Gushing  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Buenaventura, 
Cal.,  and  is  a  member  of  Stanton  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal., 
his  place  of  residence;  holds  the  position  in  the  post  of  officer  of  the  day. 


CHARLES  W.   LIVINGSTONE. 

Was  bom  in  Uniontown,  Pa.,  September  23,  1835;  learned  the  trade 
of  a  carpenter;  is  at  present  engaged  in  mercantile  business;  at  President 
Lincoln's  first  call  for  troops,  volunteered  and  served  as  a  private  in  the 
first  company  leaving  Uniontown;  returning  at  the  expiration  of  three 
months'  term,  joined  a  cavalry  company  then  being  formed,  but  as  the 
quota  from  Pennsylvania  was  filled,  it  was  not  accepted;  the  company  then 
offered  its  services  to  West  Virginia,  by  which  it  was  accepted,  and,  under 
special  orders  from  Mr.  Cameron,  the  Secretary  of  War,  was  mustered 
into  service  as  an  independent  cavalry  company,  being  the  first  volunteer 
cavalry  in  the  United  States  service;  on  the  organization  of  the  ist  West 
Virginia  Cavalry,  it  became  Company  A  of  that  regiment;  it  served  first 
with  General  McClellan  in  West  Virginia,  and  afterwards  with  .General 
Rosecrans;  was  constantly  on  scouting  duty  and  suffered  much  from  bush 
whackers;  on  August  30,  1862,  it  joined  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and 
led  the  advance  into  Maryland;  the  first  shots  of  Lee's  Army  were  directed 
against  the  company;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  at  South  Mountain  and 
Antietain,  after  which  returned  to  West  Virginia;  in  1863  was  attached 
to  a  brigade  of  mounted  infantry  which  penetrated  the  rebel  lines  for  200 
miles,  striking  the  Virginia  and  Tennessee  Railroad  at  Wytheville,  Va. , 
in  action  at  which  place  July  18,  1863,  Lieutenant  Livingstone,  who  had 
been  commissioned  in  March,  1863,  as  2d  lieutenant,  ist  West  Virginia 
Cavalry,  after  serving  as  private  and  sergeant,  was  wounded  and  taken 
prisoner;  he  was  shot  through  right  thigh  and  calf  of  right  leg;  was  con 
fined  in  Libby  Prison  Hospital,  Richmond,  Va.,  and  at  other  places; 
finally  exchanged  and  returned  to  company  in  the  latter  part  of  1864,  in 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  263 

July  of  which  year  he  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant;  was  attached  to 
Ouster's  brigade,  Reno's  division  of  Sheridan's  cavalry  corps;  took  part 
from  the  time  of  rejoining  his  regiment  in  all  the  engagements  of  the 
cavalry  until  the  surrender  of  General  Lee  at  Appomattox,  at  which  he 
was  present;  mustered  out  at  Wheeling,  W.  Va. ,  in  July,  1865;  was  a 
charter  member,  has  been  quartermaster,  and  is  now  post  commander 
of  Will  F.  Stewart  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Uniontown,  Pa.,  of  which  place 
he  is  a  resident. 

L.  B.  LITTLEFIELD. 

Was  born  in  East  Greenwich,  R.  I.,  May  6,  1841,  and  is  by  occupa 
tion  a  printer.  Enlisted  in  November,  1861,  in  Company  E,  3d  Minne 
sota  Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  at  the  first  battle  of  Stone 
River,  July  13,  1862,  where  he  was  taken  prisoner  but  paroled  at  McMinn- 
ville,  Tenn.,  after  five  days'  confinement;  took  part  in  the  campaign  against 
the  Sioux  Indians  in  the  winter  of  1862-63,  in  their  outbreak  in  Minne 
sota,  participating  in  the  battle  of  Wood  Lake;  in  the  spring  of  1863, 
having  been  exchanged,  was  sent  to  Columbus,  Ky. ,  where  he  served  the 
balance  of  his  term  in  the  Government  printing-office;  again  enlisted  and 
in  Company  G,  2d  U.  S.  Veteran  Volunteers,  and  was  appointed  company 
clerk;  served  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  belonged  at  one  time  to  i6th 
Army  Corps  and  then  to  the  Veteran  Corps;  was  one  of  the  guard  at  the 
execution  of  the  conspirators  at  Washington  city,  who  were  concerned  in 
the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln;  was  mustered  out  of  service  at 
Brattleborough,  Vt.,  February  14,  1866;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  Utah,  where  for  a  time  he  was  employed  as  a  printer  in 
the  office  of  the  Ogden  Pilot  daily  newspaper,  but  is  at  present  a  resi 
dent  of  Sacramento,  Gal.,  and  there  engaged  at  his  avocation. 


WARREN    L.  JOHNSON. 

Was  born  in  Londonderry,  Ross  County,  Ohio,  March  6,  1844;  his 
occupations  have  been  those  of  farmer,  attorney  at  law,  and  court  clerk; 
is  at  present  deputy  circuit  court  clerk  at  Marysville,  Nordaway  County, 
Mo. ,  where  he  resides.  At  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War  was  a  student 
attending  Mount  Pleasant  Academy,  at  Kingston,  Ross  County,  Ohio. 
Enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  C,  33d  Ohio  Volunteers,  August  10, 
1861 ;  on  loth  of  September  following  was  appointed  corporal,  and  on  26th 
of  same  month  ist  sergeant  of  his  company;  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade, 
ist  Division,  i4th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Perry ville,  Stone 


264 

River,  and  Chickamauga ;  on  the  ist  day  of  September,  1863,  was  com 
missioned  2d  lieutenant,  but  before  he  received  his  commission  was  taken 
prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga;  was  confined  on  Belle  Isle  and  at 
Richmond  and  Danville,  Va.,  Andersonville,  Ga.,  Charleston  and  Flor 
ence,  S.  C.,  and  was  finally  paroled  near  Wilmington,  N.  C. ,  on  the  26th 
day  of  February,  1865,  having  been  a  prisoner  of  war  seventeen  months 
and  six  days;  was  discharged  from  the  service  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  March 
22,  1865,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service.  While  a  prisoner, 
was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  of  his  regiment  August  n,  1864.  At 
Andersonville  he  was  taken  out  of  the  stockade  by  Captain  Wirtz  to  be 
put  in  the  stocks  for  supposed  complicity  in  digging  tunnels,  but  he  was 
so  drawn  out  of  shape  by  the  scurvy — from  which  he  had  suffered  so 
greatly  that  at  one  time  his  life  was  despaired  of — that  he  would  not  fit 
the  stocks,  and  was  returned  to  the  stockade;  the  attempt,  however, 
resulted  in  an  injury  to  the  lower  portion  of  his  left  leg,  from  which  he 
has  never  recovered. 

Comrade  Johnson  has  published  a  series  of  articles,  entitled  "Life  in 
Confederate  Prisons,"  made  up  from  a  diary  kept  by  him  while  a  prisoner. 
This  is  perhaps  the  most  extensive  account  of  Confederate  prisons  that 
has  ever  been  written.  He  is  now  adjutant  of  Sedgwick  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
at  Marysville,  Mo. ,  his  place  of  residence. 

CLARK   RALSTON. 

Was  born  in  Chester  County,  Pa.,  November  3,  1820;  has  been 
engaged  in  various  business  pursuits,  but  principally  merchandising. 
Entered  the  army  in  May,  1862,  as  captain  Company  A,  i25th  Illinois 
Volunteers;  attached  to  Sheridan's  division,  Army  of  the  Cumberland; 
took  part  in  the  battles  of  Perryville,  Stone  River,  and  other  engage 
ments;  resigned  January  12,  1863,  and  returned  to  California,  of  which 
State  he  had  been  a  resident  from  1849  to  I^5i-  Is  a  charter  member 
and  senior  vice-commander  of  Hancock  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Merced,  Cal., 
where  he  resides;  also  belongs  to  the  San  Joaquin  Society  of  California 
Pioneers. 

CHARLES   COFFIN    BROWN. 

Was  born  in  Queensbury,  Warren  County,  N.  Y.,  April  26,  1841, 
and  is  by  occupation  a  barber.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  3d  Wisconsin 
Infantry,  May,  6,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  3d  Brigade, 
3d  Division,  iath  Army  Corps;  after  discharge  by  expiration  of  term  of 
service,  re-enlisted  in  Company  K,  4oth  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  May  16, 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  265 

1864,  and  served  as  a  sergeant;  was  engaged  under  General  Banks  in  the 
battles  of  Winchester  and  Cedar  Mountain;  in  the  last-named  action  was 
wounded  by  a  bullet  in  left  arm  and  taken  prisoner;  confined  in  Libby 
prison,  Richmond,  Va.,  for  two  months,  when  he  was  paroled  and  then 
exchanged;  wounded  in  left  leg  by  a  fragment  of  shell  during  the  attack 
on  Memphis,  Tenn.,  by  the  rebel  forces  under  the  command  of  General 
Forrest;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service,  September  22,  1864;  is  a 
member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Sacramento,  Cal. ,  of  which  city  he 
is  a  resident. 

DAVID    N.    THORPE. 

Was  born  in  Napoli,  Cattaraugus  County,  New  York,  October  27, 
1826;  learned  the  trade  of  carpenter  and  afterwards  the  business  of  drug 
gist.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  93d  Illinois  Volunteers,  in  July,  1862,  and 
served  as  a  sergeant;  served  under  General  Grant  in  his  Vicksburg  cam 
paign  and  was  in  all  the  battles  of  the  siege;  at  Chattanooga,  Altoona, 
and  in  all  the  engagements  of  the  i5th  Army  Corps  to  which  his  regiment 
was  attached  under  General  Sherman;  was  in  the  march  to  the  sea  and 
through  the  Carolinas  and  Virginia  to  Washington  city,  where  he  partici 
pated  in  the  grand  review;  was  in  twenty-eight  battles,  but  escaped  with- 
outa  wound;  was  mustered  out  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  in  July,  1865;  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  of  which  city  he  is  a 
resident;  has  been  post  adjutant. 


HENRY   OTTO   DREXLER. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city  October  24,  1839,  and  is  by  occupation 
an  engineer  and  machinist.  At  his  first  attempt  at  enlistment  in  the 
military  service  of  the  United  States  he  was  rejected  on  account  of  having 
lost  the  two  middle  fingers  of  his  right  hand  and  the  mutilation  of  both 
the  others,  then  enlisted  in  yistNew  York  Militia,  and  was  mustered  into 
the  State  service,  but  rejected  for  physical  disability  on  the  regiment  being 
mustered  into  the  service  of  the  Government;  was  a  third  time  rejected  in 
a  partially  organized  volunteer  regiment.  In  1862  he  joined  Company  C, 
37th  New  York  State  Militia,  called  out  for  three  months'  service  by  Gov 
ernor  Seymour  and  performed  duty  as  private  at  Baltimore,  Md. ,  till  expi 
ration  of  term;  enlisted  in  same  company  and  regiment  in  June,  1863,  for 
six  months  under  Governor  Seymour's  proclamation,  at  the  time  of  the 
invasion  of  Pennsylvania  by  General  Lee;  was  engaged  in 'skirmishing 
with  a  portion  of  the  command  of  the  rebel  general  Ewell  at  Oyster 


266  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Point,  Sportsman's  Hill,  and  again  at  Carlisle,  Pa.,  arrived  at  Gettys 
burg  the  evening  before  the  evacuation;  was  with  General  Kilpatrick  in 
the  pursuit  of  the  enemy,  and  subsequently  sent  with  his  regiment  to  New 
York  city,  during  the  draft  riots,  to  assist  in  restoring  order;  discharged 
from  service  in  the  latter  part  of  July,  1863;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix 
Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Jose,  Cal.  Comrade  Drexler,  since  his  arrival  in 
California,  has  been  employed  at  Mare  Island  navy  yard,  and  also  as 
light-house  keeper;  is  at  present  an  engineer  in  the  fire  department  of 
San  Jose. 

FREDERICK   KOSTER. 

Was  born  in  Hanover,  Germany,  November  2,  1847;  n^s  occupations 
have  been  those  of  farmer  and  cooper.  Enlisted  in  the  fall  of  1863  in 
Company  F,  2d  Minnesota  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private; 
belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  i4th  Army  Corps;  was  at  the 
battles  of  Nashville,  Chattanooga,  Kingston,  N.  C.,  and  present,  at  the 
surrender  of  General  Joe  Johnston  with  the  Confederate  forces  under  his 
command  in  North  Carolina,  April  26,  1865;  was  wounded  in  left  shoulder 
at  Chattanooga;  took  part  in  the  grand  review  at  Washington  city;  mustered 
out  of  service  June  22,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Sacramento,  Cal. ,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


P.   V.   WISE. 

Was  born  in  Franklin  County,  Ky.,  June  17,  1832;  his  occupations 
in  life  have  been  those  of  lawyer,  insurance  and  real  estate  agent.  At 
the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion  resided  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  but  with  his 
wife  was  forced  to  leave  that  place  on  account  of  his  Union  sentiments; 
proceeded  to  Prescott,  Wis. ,  and  assisted  in  recruiting  Company  F,  ist 
Wisconsin  Volunteer  Infantry;  was  commissioned  its  2d  lieutenant,  pro 
moted  to  ist  lieutenant  in  December,  1861,  and  to  captain  in  April,  1862; 
was  in  numerous  engagements  in  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  and  north  Ala 
bama;  in  the  battle  at  Perry ville,  Ky.,  October  8,  1862,  was  severely 
wounded  and  left  on  the  field,  reported  dead;  through  the  attention  of  a 
colored  man  who  discovered  that  he  was  still  living,  he  was  removed  from 
the  field  and  his  wounds  dressed.  In  December,  1862,  after  a  short  fur 
lough  from  the  time  of  sufficient  recovery  to  be  able  to  leave  the  hospital, 
he  returned  to  duty  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  was  placed  in  charge  of  the 
secret  service;  resigned  February  8,  1864.  Re-enlisted  as  a  private  in 
Company  F,  37th  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  on  March  31,  1864,  and  was 
appointed  sergeant-major;  assigned  to  command  of  Company  K,  composed 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  267 

of  Menominee  Indians,  shortly  after  which  he  received  the  commission  of 
captain  6?  Company  G,  3ist  U.  S.  Colored  Troops;  went  into  the  trenches 
before  Petersburg,  and  took  part  in  all  the  engagements  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  that  ensued  until  the  surrender  at  Appomattox.  During  his 
term  of  service  was  attached  to  the  4th  Army  Corps,  i5th  Army  Corps, 
and  finally  to  the  2d  Division  (Willcox's)  of  the  gth  Army  Corps.  As 
a  token  of  their  respect  and  appreciation  of  the  kind  manner  in  which 
he  treated  his  men,  Company  G  presented  Captain  Wise  with  a  very 
handsome  gold-mounted  sword,  which  he  values  highly  on  account 
of  the  associations  connected  with  it.  He  resigned  his  commission 
and  retired  from  the  service  May  19,  1865.  Has  been  senior  vice- 
commander  and  post  commander  of  Lucius  Fairchild  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  No. 
6,  Wisconsin,  and  senior  vice-commander  Custer  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  St. 
Joseph,  Mo. ,  and  is  at  present  a  member  and  senior  vice-commander  of 
Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  of  which  city  he  is  a 
resident. 

MILO   G.    GREENFIELD. 

Was  born  in  Westfield,  Chautauqua  County,  N.  Y.,  February  13,  1834; 
his  occupations  have  been  those  of  fanner,  horticulturist,  and  carpenter. 
Enlisted  in  Company  C,  lyth  Michigan  Volunteers,  Jiine  24,  1862,  and 
served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  9th  Army 
Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg, 
Knoxville,  Tenn.,  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  North  Anna, 
Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Petersburg,  Weldon  Road,  and  the  other  engage 
ments  of  the  corps  at  the  final  ending  of  the  war;  wounded  slightly  at 
South  Mountain,  and  again  at  Antietam;  mustered  out  June  3,  1865;  came 
to  California  in  1873,  all<^  setted  in  Santa  Clara  County;  is  a  member  of 
Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  which  city  is  his  place  of 
residence. 

WILLIAM   WADE   DUDLEY. 

Was  born  in  Vermont  August  27*,  1842;  received  an  academic  and 
legal  education;  before  the  war  was  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at 
Richmond,  Ind.  Enlisted  July  4,  1861,  in  Company  B  of  the  igth  Indi 
ana  Infantry,  and  served  successively  as  captain,  major,  and  lieutenant- 
colonel;  in  July,  1863,  was  brevetted  as  colonel  and  brigadier-general  for 
gallantry  in  action;  was  slightly  wounded  at  the  second  Bull  Run  battle 
and  at  Antietam,  also  severely  at  Gettysburg  July  i,  1863,  by  a  minie- 
ball,  the  result  of  which  was  the  loss  of  his  right  leg;  was  mustered  out 
of  service  April  30,  1864,  and  has  since  been  engaged  as  clerk  of  courts, 


268  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

attorney  at  law,  United  States  marshal  for  Indiana,  and  commissioner  of 
pensions;  held  the  latter  office  from  1881  to  1885.  Is  now  engaged  in 
the  banking  business  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  where  he  resides.  Comrade 
Dudley  was  a  charter  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  1 7,  G.  A.  R. , 
at  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  and  was  department  commander  of  Indiana  in 
i 880-8 i. 

JOSEPH  J.  HANDLIN. 

Was  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  October  2,  1842,  and  is  by  occupation 
a  foundryman.  Enlisted  first  in  the  summer  of  1861,  in  Company  B, 
Purnell's  Legion,  Maryland  Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private;  while  on 
duty  clearing  the  eastern  shore  of  Maryland  of  the  secession  element, 
from  exposure  in  swampy  country  was  attacked  with  malarial  fever,  and 
in  consequence  of  the  weak  condition  he  was  left  in  was  discharged  from 
service,  on  surgeon's  certificate  of  disability,  in  the  summer  of  1862.  As 
soon  as  he  regained  his  health  again  enlisted  in  Company  C,  gth  Maryland 
Infantry;  first  stationed  at  Harper's  Ferry,  and  from  thence  moved  to 
Charleston,  W.  Va.,  in  the  engagement  at  which  place  comrade  Handlin 
was  taken  prisoner;  was  six  months  in  confinement  at  Belle  Isle,  when  he 
was  finally  paroled  and  then  mustered  out  of  service  in  April,  1864,  by 
reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  enlistment.  Is  a  member  of  Farragut  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  at  Vallejo,  Cal.,  and  has  been  several  terms  the  post  chaplain; 
is  at  present  a  resident  of  Sacramento. 


ABRAHAM   ALLEE. 

Was  born  September  16,  1833,  in  Smyrna,  Del.;  has  been  a  merchant 
and  railroad  employe";  is  at  present  special  agent  of  the  B.  &  M.  R.  R. 
Enlisted  April  i,  1863,  in  the  i6th  Illinois  Cavalry,  and  served  as  2d 
lieutenant,  ist  lieutenant,  and  captain,  commissions  bearing  dates  as  fol 
lows;  2d  lieutenant,  April,  1863;  ist  lieutenant,  April,  1865;  captain, 
August,  1865.  Was  first  attached  to  the  gth  Army  Corps;  afterwards  to 
the  4th  Division  of  the  iyth  Army  Corps,  and  finally,  to  the  cavalry  corps, 
4th  Division  of  the  Military  Department  of  Missouri;  was  in  the  battles  at 
Marks'  Farm,  Va.,  and  Jonesville,  Va. ;  with  Sherman  on  his  march  to 
the  sea,  and  was  in  the  pursuit  of  Hood's  army  from  Nashville  to  the 
Tennessee  River;  was  captured  at  the  battle  of  Jonesville,  Va.,  January 
3,  1864,  and  sent  to  Libby  Prison;  remained  there  until  May;  was  then 
sent  to  Danville;  thence  to  Macon,  Ga.;  and  from  thence  to  Charleston, 
S.  C.,  where  he  was  placed  under  the  fire  of  General  Foster's  batteries; 
was  finally  sent  to  Columbia,  S.  C.,  at  which  place  he,  with  two  comrades, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  269 

escaped,  walked  250  miles  by  night,  hiding  in  the  woods  by  day  for  twenty- 
two  days  before  falling  in  with  Sherman's  army  near  Millen,  Ga. ;  served 
on  the  staff  of  General  Giles  A.  Smith  through  to  Savannah,  when  he 
returned  north  and  rejoined  his  regiment  in  the  Department  of  the  Mis 
sissippi,  with  which  he  served  until  mustered  out  in  August,  1865.  Com 
rade  Allee  is  a  member  of  George  A.  Custer  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Omaha. 
Neb.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  inspector-general  of  the  department  of 
Nebraska,  G.  A.  R.,  and  aid-de-camp  on  the  national  staff. 

ALFRED   ESTABROOK. 

Was  born  in  Bedford  County,  Pa.,  May  i,  1832,  has  been  a  miner 
and  engaged  in  the  lumber  business.  Came  to  California  in  1852.  Enlisted 
in  Company  M,  ist  California  Cavalry,  May  6,  1863,  and  served  as  a  private 
and  sergeant;  acted  for  a  time  as  sergeant-major  of  the  regiment;  was  on 
duty  in  the  department  of  New  Mexico;  in  the  fight  at  Bent's  Fort  on 
Canadian  River,  Tex.,  with  the  Kiowas  and  Comanches;  mustered  out  in 
May,  1866;  is  a  charter  member  of  Hancock  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Merced, 
Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM   E.   BEALS. 

Was  born  in  Philipsburg,  Centre  County,  Pa.,  April  13,  1842,  and  is 
by  occupation  a  cook.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  53d  Pennsylvania  Volun 
teers,  September  5,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private  and  corporal;  belonged 
to  the  3d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  2d  Army  Corps;  was  at  the  battles  of 
Fair  Oaks,  the  Seven  Days  Fights,  and  the  other  actions  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  in  the  Peninsular  campaign  under  General  McClellan,  in  the 
battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Poe  River,  and  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  and 
other  engagements;  was  taken  prisoner  May  12,  1864,  at  Spottsylvania, 
and  confined  in  both  Florence  and  Andersonville  prisons;  honorably  dis 
charged  the  service  at  Alexandria,  Va. ,  June  30,  1865.  Joined  the  John 
W.  Geary  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Philipsburg,  Pa.,  in  1878,  and  was  its  junior 
and  senior  vice-commander;  is  at  present  a  resident  of  San  Jose,  Cal. 

JAMES    ARCHIBALD. 

Was  born  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  March  20,  1845,  an<^  came  to  the 
United  States  with  his  parents  in  1854;  is  a  laborer.  Enlisted  in  Company 
B,  4ist  Illinois  Volunteers,  August  27,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  dis 
charged  at  Vicksburg  in  1862;  re-enlisted  in  1863  in  Company  B,  4ist  Illi 
nois  Volunteers,  consolidated  at  Atlanta  in  1864  and  became  Company  G, 


270  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

53d  Illinois  Veteran  Volunteers;  belonged  to  ist  Brigade,  4th  Division, 
1  7th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Fort  Henry,  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh, 
at  Jackson,  Miss.,  siege  of  Atlanta,  and  all  the  engagements  of  Sherman's 
march  to  the  sea,  and  through  the  Carolinas,  and  was  present  at  the  sur 
render  of  General  Joe  Johnston;  took  part  in  the  grand  review  at  Wash 
ington  city,  and  honorably  discharged  the  service  in  the  summer  of  1865; 
is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.  ,  at  San  Jose",  Cal.  ,  which 
is  his  place  of  residence. 

ALBERT   N.    AMES. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Carmel,  Penobscot  County,  Me.,  January 
1  8,  1844,  and  is  by  occupation  a  carriage  painter.  Enlisted  in  Company 
C,  1  3th  Maine  Volunteers,  October  19,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private  and 
sergeant;  commissioned  ad  lieutenant  Company  K,  3oth  Maine  Volun 
teers,  in  August,  1863;  was  attached  to  the  i3th  and  iQth  Army  Corps; 
was  in  the  Butler  expedition  to  New  Orleans,  and  after  the  capture  of  the 
city  was  on  provost  guard  duty  at  that  place;  in  the  expedition  to  Browns 
ville,  Texas,  and  at  the  capture  of  Mustang  Island  and  Fort  Esperanza; 
in  General  Banks'  Red  River  campaign,  and  the  engagements  attending 
it;  returned  with  his  regiment  and  corps  to  Washington  in  July,  1864,  and 
served  in  Virginia  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  in  all  the  engagements 
of  the  i  gth  Army  Corps  during  that  period;  was  in  the  grand  review  at 
Washington,  and  was  then  sent  to  Savannah,  Ga.,  doing  guard  duty  at 
that  place  until  honorably  discharged  the  service  in  September,  1865;  is 
a  charter  member  of  Hancock  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Merced,  Cal.,  where  he 
resides,  and  is  sergeant-major  of  the  post. 

MICHAEL   COSTELLO. 


Was  born  in  New  York  city,  May  5,  1849,  a11^  is  a  laborer;  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  though  but  eleven  years  of  age  he 
attempted  to  enlist  but  was  rejected  on  account  of  his  youth;  shipped  on 
the  U.  S.  steamer  Brooklyn,  December  7,  1863,  as  a  first-class  boy,  and 
acted  as  messenger  for  the  executive  officer,  and  in  this  capacity  served 
until  the  vessel  was  put  out  of  commission;  was  then  with  part  of  the 
Brooklyn  crew  transferred  to  U.  S.  steamer  Western  World,  after  which 
was  assigned  to  guard  duty  till  close  of  the  war;  was  engaged  in  the  bat 
tles  of  Mobile  Bay,  including  the  attacks  on  forts  Morgan,  Gaines,  and 
Powell  ;  the  engagements  with  the  rebel  ram  Tennessee  and  gunboat  Selma, 
and  was  also  in  the  two  bombardments  and  final  capture  of  Fort  Fisher, 
N.  C.  ;  discharged  and  paid  off  from  naval  service  in  November,  1865; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  271 

enlisted  in  the  3d  U.  S.  Cavalry  November,  1865;  served  with  regiment 
in  the  military  department  of  Arizona  as  private  and  corporal;  was  engaged 
in  many  fights  with  the  Apache  Indians,  in  one  of  which,  in  a  hand-to- 
hand  encounter,  was  wounded  in  the  left  hand  and  left  eye;  mustered 
out  in  1868,  when  he  came  to  California,  and  has  since  resided  in  San 
Jose;  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G'.  A.  R.,  at  that  place. 


SELDEN    B.  KINGSBURY. 

Was  born  in  Camden,  Loraine  County,  Ohio,  October  29,  1840;  was 
a  teacher  until  1872,  since  then  an  attorney  at  law.  Enlisted  in  Company 
C  of  the  yth  Ohio  Infantry  in  April,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  was 
first  on  duty  in  West  Virginia;  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Cross  Lanes, 
after  which,  was  taken  prisoner  and  confined  in  Libby  Prison  for  aboiit 
three  weeks,  was  then  sent  with  others  to  Parrish  Prison  at  New  Orleans, 
remained  there  until  Bntler  began  to  force  his  way  np  the  Mississippi, 
when  the  prisoners  were  removed  to  Salisbury,  N.  C. ;  remained  there  until 
late  in  the  summer  of  1862,  when  he  was  paroled,  and  returning  home, 
was  discharged  for  disability,  the  result  of  disease  contracted  during 
imprisonment;  returned  to  school;  was  afterwards  commissioned  as  ist 
lieutenant  in  an  Ohio  State  regiment;  graduated  from  Oberlin  College  in 
1864;  was  superintendent  of  schools  for  ten  years  at  Flint,  Mich.,  and 
Constantine  in  the  same  State.  Comrade  Kingsbury  is  a  member  of  E. 
Baker  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Hailey,  Idaho  Ty.,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resi 
dent;  has  been  chaplain  and  inspector  of  his  post. 


THOMAS   BOLES. 

Was  born  in  Johnson  County,  Ark.,  July  16,  1837;  was  raised  on  a 
farm;  obtained  a  good  English  education  and  became  a  teacher;  in  1858 
was  deputy  sheriff,  in  1859  deputy  clerk  of  the  circuit  court,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1860;  was  an  active  member  of  a  Union  league 
within  the  Confederate  lines  in  1862.  In  1863,  with  the  advance  of  the 
Union  army,  there  came  a  rally  of  the  hunted  Union  men,  and  many 
joined  the  army.  Mr.  Boles  enlisted  in  Company  E  of  the  3d  Arkansas 
Cavalry,  and  was  commissioned  as  ist  lieutenant  in  November,  1863;  was 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  captain  in  February,  1864;  while  lying  sick  at 
Arkadelphia  April  i,  1864,  was  captured  and  imprisoned  at  Camden;  was 
released  and  paroled  a  few  days  afterwards,  and  restored  to  duty  by  order 
of  the  War  Department  in  the  May  following;  in  October  the  same  year 
was  mustered  out  on  account  of  physical  disability.  In  January,  1865 


272  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

returned  to  his  regiment  and  served  as  a  private.  During  active  service 
was  in  the  battle  at  Jenkins'  Ferry,  Saline  River,  Ark. ,  and  several  cavalry 
fights  in  the  Arkansas  Valley.  In  1865  was  elected  circuit  judge,  which 
position  he  held  until  elected  to  Congress  in  March,  1868;  was  re-elected  in 
November,  1868,  and  in  November,  1870.  In  March,  1878,  he  became 
receiver  of  public  moneys  at  Dardanelle,  and  so  continued  until  appointed 
United  States  marshal  in  March,  1882,  which  position  he  held  until  Octo 
ber,  1885.  Comrade  Boles  joined  McPherson  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  No.  i,  of 
Little  Rock,  Ark.,  in  1869;  and  in  1883  was  transferred  to  Thomas 
Williams  Post,  No.  2,  in  the  same  department;  he  is  at  present  the  com 
mander  of  his  post;  is  also  a  member  of  the  department  council  of  admin 
istration;  was  a  delegate  to  the  national  encampment  of  1885,  at  which 
he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  national  council  of  administration. 


MARTIN    O'GRADY. 

Was  born  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  November  7,  1844,  and  is  by  occupation 
a  cooper.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  ist  Michigan  Volunteers — engineers 
and  mechanics — in  December,  1863,  and  served  as  a  private;  joined  the 
army  under  General  Sherman  at  Bridgeport,  Ala. ;  was  in  the  campaign  to 
Atlanta,  and  in  all  the  engagements  from  Atlanta  to  the  sea  and  through 
the  Carolinas  to  the  surrender  of  General  Joe  Johnston  and  the  forces 
under  his  command;  took  part  in  the  grand  review  at  Washington  city  by 
the  President  of  the  United  States  and  his  cabinet  officers,  and  was  finally 
mustered  out  of  the  service  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  September,  1865;  is 
a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  of  which  city 
he  is  a  resident. 

WILLIAM    H.  WINKLEMAN. 

Was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  January  18,  1833,  and  is  by  occupa 
tion  a  book-binder.  Enlisted  in  April,  1861,  under  the  three  months' 
call  by  President  Lincoln,  in  the  company  known  as  the  "Guthrie  Grays" 
of  Cincinnati.  After  discharge  by  expiration  of  term  of  service,  re-enlisted 
in  Company  I,  8th  Ohio  Cavalry,  consolidated  afterwards  with  the  2d  Ohio 
Cavalry  under  Colonel  Kautz;  was  private,  corporal,  and  sergeant;  served 
first  in  Tennessee  and  Kentucky;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Richmond, 
Ky.,  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  and  the  engagements  in  the  Cumberland  Moun 
tains;  in  the  spring  of  1864  was  transferred  to  the  Cavalry  Corps  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  at  Brandy  Station;  served  in  Sheridan's  cavalry 
through  the  Wilderness  campaign  and  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley;  was  at 
the  battle  of  Fisher  Hill,  at  the  capture  of  Petersburg,  and  in  all  the  other 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  273 

engagements  under  Sheridan  until  the  surrender  of  General  Lee  at  Appo- 
mattox;  was  wounded — right  shoulder  broken — at  battle  of  Richmond,  Ky. , 
while  carrying  dispatches  for  General  Nelson;  mustered  out  of  service  at 
Ben  ton  Barracks,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  September  28,  1865.  Is  a  member  of 
Stunner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. . 


L.    McKEARNEY. 

Was  born  in  Tyrone  County,  Ireland,  in  June,  1 836,  and  is  by  occu 
pation  an  engineer.  Enlisted  in  June,  1861,  in  Company  B,  yist  Pennsyl 
vania  Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade, 
ist  Division,  2d  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battle  at  Ball's  Bluff,  Va.,  Octo 
ber  21,  1 86 1,  in  the  Peninsula  campaign  under  General  McClellan,  and  all 
the  engagements  to  Malvern  Hill;  serving  afterwards  in  Virginia  and 
Maryland;  was  mustered  out  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service  in 
July,  1864;  is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal., 
his  place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM   B.  SHANKLIN. 

Was  born  in  Montgomery  County,  Ind.,  May  12,  1836;  has  been  a 
farmer;  his  present  occupation  is  that  of  engineer.  Enlisted  in  Company 
I,  gist  Illinois  Volunteers,  August  6,  1862;  served  as  a  private  and  ser 
geant;  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  i3th  Army  Corps;  in  the 
battles  of  Elizabeth  town,  Ky.,  Atchafalaya,  La.,  Mobile  and  Whistler, 
Ala.;  was  captured  in  the  action  at  Elizabethtown  December  27,  1862,  by 
the  rebel  general  John  Morgan;  paroled  and  exchanged,  and  rejoined  his 
regiment,  in  which  he  served  until  the  termination  of  the  war;  mustered 
out  in  July,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  William  A.  Webb  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Fairmont,  Neb.,  and  has  been  its  junior  vice-commander;  his  place  of 
residence  is  Geneva,  Fillmore  County,  Neb. 

JOSEPH   M.    WALLACE. 

Was  born  in  Middleton,  Ohio,  October  17,  1838,  and  is  by  occupation 
a  carpenter.  Enlisted  in  May,  1861,  in  Company  B,  7th  Indiana  Volun 
teers;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  3d  Army  Corps;  served  as 
a  private — first  enlistment  was  under  the  three  months'  call  for  volunteer 
troops,  at  the  expiration  of  which  term  he  re-enlisted  for  three  years;  first 
service  was  in  Western  Virginia;  was  in  the  battle  at  Philippi  and  at  Win 
chester  under  General  Shields;  was  transferred  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 

s 


274  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

and  was  in  the  Peninsula  campaign  under  General  McClellan,  participating 
in  all  the  engagements  to  that  of  Malvern  Hill;  at  the  battles  of  Antietam, 
Fredericksbnrg,  Chancellorsville,  Mine  Run,  and  in  the  Wilderness  cam 
paign  through  Cold  Harbor  to  Petersburg;  was  in  July,  1864,  transferred 
to  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  where  the  regiment  remained  on  duty  until 
mustered  out  in  September,  1864,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice;  is  a  past  post  commander  of  O.  P.  Morton  Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R., 
department  of  Indiana;  is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacra 
mento,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

BENJAMIN   W.   RAWLINGS. 

Was  born  in  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  February  20,  1842;  is  a  foundryman  by 
trade;  at  present  in  the  saloon  business;  enlisted  in  1861  in  the  three 
months'  service,  at  the  expiration  of  which  term,  he  re-enlisted  in  Company 
G,  yth  New  York  Cavalry;  mustered  out  eight  months  afterwards  by  rea 
son  of  general  order  to  muster  out  all  cavalry  troops  not  absolutely  required; 
again  entered  the  military  service  by  enlistment  in  the  i29th  New  York 
Volunteers,  July  28,  1862;  was  afterwards  transferred  to  Company  D,  8th 
New  York  Heavy  Artillery,  at  Baltimore,  Md. ;  served  in  the  2d  Brigade, 
2d  Division,  2d  Army  Corps,  as  a  private;  was  in  the  battles  of  Cold 
Harbor,  North  Anna,  siege  of  Petersburg,  Reams'  Station,  and  many  other 
general  engagements  and  skirmishes;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the 
service  at  Rochester,  N.  Y. ,  June  5,  1865,  having  served  during  the  entire 
period  of  the  war;  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San 
Jose,  Cal. ,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 

EDGAR   DENMAN   SWAIN. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Westford,  Chittenden  County,  Vt.,  August 
14,  1836,  and  is  a  dentist.  Enlisted  July  22,  1861,  and  became  captain 
of  Company  I,  42d  Illinois  Volunteers;  was  promoted  to  lieutenant-colonel 
October  13,  1863,  and  to  colonel  April  13,  1864,  but  was  not  mustered  in 
the  latter  rank,  owing  to  the  deficiency  in  the  number  of  men  in  the  reg 
iment;  was  brevetted  colonel  U.  S.  Volunteers  March  13,  1865;  belonged 
to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  4th  Army  Corps;  was  at  the  surrender  of 
Columbus,  Ky. ;  in  the  battles  of  Island  No.  10,  Farmington,  Corinth, 
Pulaski,  Columbia,  Nashville,  Stone  River,  Triune,  Franklin,  Alpine, 
Chickamauga,  Mission  Ridge,  Dana  Ridge,  Ringgold,  Rocky  Face  Ridge, 
Resaca,  Adairsville,  Kingston,  New  Hope  (where  he  was  wounded  on  the 
inside  of  left  knee),  at  Nashville,  and  accompanied  the  expedition  of 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  275 

General  Sheridan  to  Texas  in  the  contemplated  movement  against  the 
French  interference  in  Mexico  and  the  assumption  by  Maximilian  of  the 
emperorship  of  that  country.  Colonel  Swain  commanded  the  3d  Brigade, 
2d  Division,  4th  Army  Corps,  from  August  15,  1865,  to  November  i,  1865; 
was  commandant  at  Port  Lavaca,  Tex.,  from  that  time  until  December 
1 6,  1865;  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Springfield,  Ills.,  January 
12,  1866.  Is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Chicago, 
Ills. ;  has  been  post  commander,  department  commander,  and  Senior  Vice- 
Commander-in-Chief ;  is  engaged  in  the  practice  of  dentistry  at  Chicago. 


GEORGE  S.   FISHER. 

Was  born  in  West-Chazy,  N.  Y.,  August  27,  1843;  n^s  early  occupa 
tion  was  that  of  dentist;  at  present  he  is  a  railroad  conductor  and  in  the 
employment  of  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad  Company,  also  collector  for 
the  railroad  steamers  between  Sacramento  and  San  Francisco.  Enlisted  in 
March,  1864,  in  Company  C,  ist  Oregon  Infantry,  and  served  as  private, 
corporal,  and  hospital  steward  of  regiment;  was  stationed  at  Fort  Steila- 
coom,  Washington  Ty. ,  and  Fort  Stevens,  Or. ;  mustered  out  in  September, 
1864,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service;  is  a  member  of  Sumner 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

GEORGE   It.    BROWN. 

Was  born  in  Milton,  Nortlmmberland  County,  Pa.,  December  6,  1838, 
and  at  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  War  was  engaged  in  general  merchan 
dising;  enlisted  in  Company  I,  loist  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  September 
14,  1861,  as  a  private,  was  shortly  afterwards  commissioned  2d  lieutenant 
and  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  March  i,  1863;  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade, 
3d  Division,  4th  Army  Corps,  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  till  December 
24,  1863;  then  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  i8th  Army  Corps,  serving 
in  departments  of  Virginia  and  North  Carolina;  participated  in  the  siege 
of  Yorktown,  battles  of  Williamsburg,  Savage  Station,  Fair  Oaks,  seven 
days'  fight  before  Richmond,  Bottom's  Bridge,  Chickahominy  Swamp, 
Railroad  Bridge,  Charles  City  Cross-roads,  Long's  Bridge,  Jones'  Ford, 
Harrison's  Landing,  Blackwater,  Va.,  Goldsborough,  N.  C.,  South-west 
Creek,  Wilmington  Railroad  Bridge,  Swan  Quarter,  Little  Washington, 
Blount's  Creek,  Swift  Creek,  Williamston,  Foster  Mills,  Jamestown,  and  at 
Plymouth  Creek,  April  17  to  20,  1864,  where,  in  resisting  the  final  charge 
of  Hokes'  North  Carolina  Brigade,  comrade  Brown  was  wounded  in  the 
left  arm  and  left  breast  and  taken  prisoner;  was  confined  at  Plymouth, 


276  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

Weldon,  Macon,  in  the  Charleston,  S.  C.,  jail-yard,  where  with  other  pris 
oners  was  placed  under  fire  from  the  artillery  of  the  Union  besieging 
forces;  was  moved  from  thence  to  Columbia,  Camp  Sorghum,  Charlotte, 
Raleigh,  and  Goldsborough ;  escaped  four  times  and  was  recaptured,  twice 
by  bloodhounds.  November  3,  1864,  escaped  from  Camp  Sorghum,  N.  C., 
and  was  out  seventeen  days  before  he  was  recaptured  in  the  mountains  of 
East  Tennessee;  paroled  February  27,  1865,  and  sent  to  Annapolis,  Md.; 
mustered  out  March  15,  1865;  was  a  charter  member  of  Captain  George  J. 
Lawrence  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Minersville,  Pa. ;  has  served  as  officer  of  the 
guard,  post  commander,  aid-de-camp  on  staff  of  Commander-in- Chief  of 
the  G.  A.  R.,  assistant  inspector  department  of  Pennsylvania,  mustering 
officer,  and  as  department  commander  1879-80;  added  more  membership 
to  the  order  in  Pennsylvania  than  any  department  commander  before  or 
since,  paid  all  the  department's  old  debts,  contracted  no  new  ones,  and  left 
the  position  with  the  first  surplus  money  the  G.  A.  R.  department  of  Penn 
sylvania  ever  had.  He  is  at  present  a  part  owner  of  an  anthracite  colliery 
at  Mahanoy  Plane,  Pa.,  which  is  his  place  of  business. 

ABRAM   R.    STEVENS. 

Was  born  in  Adams  County,  Ind.,  July  n,  1843,  and  is  a  laborer  by 
occupation.  Enlisted  in  Company  G,  66th  Ohio  Volunteers,  August  n, 
1862,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division, 
1 2th  Army  Corps,  and  afterwards  to  the  same  brigade  and  division  of  the 
20 th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Chantilly,  Antietam,  Chancellors- 
ville,  Gettysburg,  Lookout  Mountain,  Resaca,  Ga. ,  siege  of  Atlanta,  and 
in  all  the  engagements  of  General  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea  and  through 
the  Carolinas  to  the  surrender  of  General  Joe  Johnston;  wounded  slightly 
in  left  leg  at  Resaca  by  fragment  of  shell;  took  part  in  the  grand  review 
at  Washington  city;  mustered  out  June  6,  1865;  is  a  charter  member  of 
Hancock  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Merced,  Cal.,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 


ANDREW  W.    HARVEY. 

Was  born  in  Nova  Scotia  May  12,  1841;  has  been  a  seaman  and  is 
now  a  farmer;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1850  at  the  age  of  nine  years 
and  attended  school  at  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  until  he  was  sixteen  years  of 
age,  when  he  went  to  sea;  was  appointed  acting  master's  mate  in  the  United 
States  Navy  April  29,  1863,  and  ordered  to  the  U.  S.  steamer  Fah-kee,  a 
gunboat  attached  to  the  North  Atlantic  blockading  squadron  and  on  block 
ading  duty  off  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  until  the  capture  of  that  port;  was 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  277 

promoted  to  acting  ensign  November  2,  1865;  went  with  the  fleet  under 
Admiral  Godon  in  search  of  the  rebel  ram  Stonewall,  which  was  found 
at  Havana,  and  in  charge  of  the  Spanish  authorities;  returned  to  Phila 
delphia,  where  the  vessel  was  put  out  of  commission ;  honorably  discharged 
August  29,  1865;  came  to  California  in  1866,  and  engaged  in  farming;  is 
a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Jose",  which  is  his  post- 
office  address. 

ALEXANDER   FREY. 

Was  born  in  Cornwall,  England,  March  10,  1837;  came  to  the  United 
States  early  in  life,  and  was  a  miner  before  the  war.  Enlisted  September 
9,  1861,  in  Company  D  of  the  7th  Wisconsin  Infantry,  which  formed  part 
of  the  famous  Iron  Brigade;  served  as  private,  corporal,  and  sergeant;  was 
attached  to  the  ist  Division  of  the  ist  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  at 
White  Sulphur  Springs,  Gainesville,  Second  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain, 
Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Rappahannock  Station,  and 
Gettysburg.  At  the  last-named  place  was  so  badly  wounded  in  the  left 
leg  that  amputation  at  the  knee  was  found  necessary,  in  consequence  of 
which  was  honorably  discharged  May  14,  1864.  Comrade  Frey  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Tom  Cox  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Lancaster,  Grant  County,  Wis.,  where 
he  resides;  he  has  been  surgeon  of  his  post,  and  is  its  present  commander; 
was  an  alternate  delegate  at  the  2oth  national  encampment.  Since  the 
war,  has  been  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  town  clerk  of  Potosi 
in  1865,  and  justice  of  the  peace  the  following  two  years;  was  postmaster  at 
British  Hollow,  Wis.,  from  1866  to  1874,  when  he  was  elected  county 
treasurer,  which  office  he  held  for  four  years;  was  a  member  of  the  City 
Council  of  Lancaster,  Wis.,  in  1879. 

ELMER   C.  JORDAN. 

Was  born  in  Newtown,  Fairfield  County,  Conn.,  March  10,  1840,  and  is 
by  occupation  a  locomotive  engineer.  Enlisted  in  Company  E,  7th  Con 
necticut  Infantry,  August  i,  1861,  and  served  for  a  time  as  private; 
appointed  sergeant;  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  February  i,  1863,  and 
captain  February  22,  1865;  was  in  the  expedition  of  General  T.  W.  Sher 
man  to  Port  Royal,  S.  C.;  took  part  in  the  capture  of  Fort  Pulaski;  in 
the  engagement  at  Secessionville,  James  Island,  S.  C. ,  Color-sergeant  Jor 
dan  was  wounded  in  right  shoulder  by  a  grape-shot,  all  the  color-guard 
being  killed  or  wounded;  at  the  battle  of  Pocotalilgo,  S.  C.,  and  at  Fernan- 
dino,  Fla. ;  when  commissioned  lieutenant  was  placed  in  command  of  a 
light  battery  and  redoubt;  in  expedition  to  Jacksonville,  Fla. ;  served  on 


278  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

staff  of  General  Hawley  as  aid-de-camp;  mentioned  in  dispatches  for  gal 
lant  conduct  at  Morris  Island,  where  he  captured  a  battery  and  turned  its 
guns  on  the  retreating  foe;  in  the  assaults  on  Fort  Wagner,  the  following 
day,  after  holding  a  part  of  the  fort  for  over  two  hours  with  a  small 
detachment,  was  taken  prisoner,  and  held  in  confinement  at  Charleston 
and  Columbia,  S.  C.,  for  eighteen  months;  December  13,  1863,  in  company 
with  Ensign  Dayton  of  the  navy,  escaped,  but  after  twenty-four  days  of 
freedom,  and  a  journey  of  two  hundred  and  seventy  miles,  was  recaptured 
near  Marshall,  N.  C.,  during  a  blinding  snow-storm,  and  taken  to  Libby 
Prison  at  Richmond,  Va.,  from  whence  he  was  returned  to  Columbia,  on  a 
requisition  of  the  South  Carolina  authorities,  being  one  of  thirty  Union 
officers  held  in  Columbia  as  hostages;  was  paroled  March  i,  1865,  at  Wil 
mington,  N.  C. ,  and  shortly  afterwards  exchanged;  mustered  out  of  serv 
ice  May  15,  .1865;  is  a  past  commander  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  and  a 
member  and  chaplain  of  Fair  Oaks  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal., 
of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 

LUCIUS   FAIRCHILD. 

Lucius  Fairchild,  the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Grand  Army  of 
the  Republic,  was  born  in  Kent,  Portage  County,  Ohio,  December  31, 
1831;  in  1846  removed  with  his  family  to  Madison,  Wis. ;  had  a  common 
school  and  academic  education.  In  March,  1849,  started  for  California 
across  the  plains;  was  engaged  in  mining  with  considerable  success  until 
1855.  Returned  to  Madison  in  the  fall  of  1858;  was  elected  clerk  of  the 
circuit  court  of  the  county;  having  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  the  fall  of  1860. 

On  April  16,  1861,  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  K,  ist  Wiscon 
sin  Regiment,  but  was  immediately  elected  captain,  which  he  accepted, 
declining  the  position  of  lieutenant-colonel  tendered  him  by  Governor 
Randall;  in  June,  1861,  was  appointed  a  captain  in  the  i6th  Regulars, 
and  held  that  position  until  November,  1863.  About  the  time  of  his 
appointment  in  the  Regular  Army  he  was  also  appointed  major  of  the  2d 
Wisconsin;  having  received  leave  of  absence  from  the  i6th  Regiment,  he 
accepted  the  major's  commission;  subsequently  was  promoted  to  the  lieu 
tenant-colonelcy  of  his  regiment,  meanwhile  declining  promotion  in  other 
regiments;  was  promoted  to  the  colonelcy  of  his  regiment  in  August,  1863. 
While  in  command  of  his  regiment  at  Seminary  Ridge,  in  the  battle 
of  Gettysburg,  July  i,  1863,  his  left  arm  was  so  badly  shattered  that  it 
had  to  be  amputated  near  the  shoulder.  For  distinguished  gallantry  in 
many  actions,  was  promoted  to  brigadier-general,  and  was  mustered  out  at 
Washington,  D.  C.,  November  2,  1863. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  279 

Though  he  desired  to  continue  in  the  service,  the  Union  party  of 
Wisconsin  made  General  Fairchild  its  candidate  for  Secretary  of  State, 
and  he  was  elected,  and  served  in  that  capacity  in  1864-65.  In  the  latter 
year  was  elected  governor,  and  was  inaugurated  in  January,  1866;  was 
re-elected  governor  in  1867,  and  again  in  1869,  serving  till  January,  1872. 
In  October,  1872,  was  appointed  consul  at  Liverpool,  where  he  remained 
until  July,  1878,  when  he  was  made  consul-general  at  Paris.  In  March, 
1880,  was  appointed  United  States  Minister  to  Spain;  resigned  December 
25,  1881,  and  returned  to  his  Wisconsin  home  March,  1882,  and  was 
greeted  by  a  great  popular  demonstration.  He  has  served  as  a  regent  of 
the  Wisconsin  University,  and  regent  of  the  Wisconsin  Normal  School. 
General  Fairchild  is  a  member  of  C.  C.  Washburn  Post,  No.  n,  of  Mad 
ison,  and  in  1873  was  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief ;  he  is  department 
commander  of  Wisconsin. 

He  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief  at  the  2oth  national  encampment 
which  was  held  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in  August,  1886. 

HENRY   C.  SAVERS. 

Was  born  in  Waynesburg,  Pa.,  November  21,  1840;  a  farmer,  real 
estate  agent  and  stock  dealer.  Enlisted  in  Company  G  of  the  i5th  Pennsyl 
vania  Cavalry  on  August  n,  1862,  an  independent  regiment  that  acted  as 
body-guard  to  General  Rosecrans;  was  in  the  engagements  at  Antietam, 
Murfreesboro,  Chickamauga,  Tullahoma,  and  many  skirmishes;  in  1863  was 
captured  by  General  Wheeler's  cavalry,  and  was  marched  with  command 
for  some  time  in  Tennessee  before  being  paroled ;  this  parole  was  not  recog 
nized,  however,  since  they  had  not  been  taken  outside  of  the  Union  lines. 
Comrade  Savers  was  formerly  a  member  of  Templeton  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Washington,  Pa.,  but  now  belongs  to  Colonel  J.  H.  McCullough  Post,  of 
Waynesburg,  where  he  resides;  has  been  commander  of  his  post;  was  an 
alternate  delegate  at  the  twentieth  national  encampment. 

WILLIAM  L.  DELACEY. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  New  Hope,  Bucks  County,  Pa.,  July  10, 
1845,  and  learned  the  trade  of  a  printer.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  4th 
New  Jersey  Volunteers,  August  13,  1861;  re-enlisted  in  the  same  January 
5,  1864,  was  transferred  to  the  2d  Battalion  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  March 
10,  1865,  and  mustered  out  at  Newark,  N.  J. ,  October  n,  1865;  was 
wounded  in  the  left  knee  and  taken  prisoner  during  the  seven  days'  fight 
on  the  Peninsula,  June  29,  1862,  and  in  the  right  foot  in  the  Wilderness 


280  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

May  5,  1864.  Since  the  war  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  avocations  of 
printer,  solicitor,  and  lawyer.  He  is  now  in  legal  practice  at  Poughkeepsie, 
N.  Y. ;  has  been  a  justice  of  the  peace,  and  since  1873  a  member  of  the 
G.  A.  R.,  having  held  the  offices  of  adjutant  and  aid-de-camp  to  the 
Commander-in-Chief,  and  is  now  in  his  fourth  term  as  commander  of  Ham 
ilton  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Poughkeepsie;  was  present  as  one  of  the  New 
York  delegates  to  the  aoth  national  encampment,  which  met  August, 
1886,  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

CHARLES   OECKEL. 

A  resident  of  San  Jose,  Cal. ;  was  born  in  Saxony,  May  8,  1836;  has 
been  engaged  in  various  occupations;  came  to  America  when  seventeen 
years  of  age;  resided  in  Toledo,  Ohio;  went  to  New  Orleans  in  1860;  in 
January,  1861,  when  Louisiana  seceded,  was  arrested  and  pressed  into  serv 
ice  in  1 6th  Louisiana  Tigers;  in  the  March  following  made  his  escape ;  and 
after  enduring  all  kinds  of  hardships,  after  two  months  succeeded  in  reach 
ing  the  Federal  lines  at  Cairo,  Ills. ;  proceeding  to  his  home,  enlisted  June 
22,  1 86 1,  in  Company  K  of  the  25th  Ohio  Infantry,  in  which  he  served 
successively  as  private,  corporal,  and  orderly-sergeant;  was  attached  to 
Howard's  division  of  the  nth  Army  Corps,  and  took  part  in  the  battles 
at  Greenbrier,  Cross  Keys,  Va.,  Winchester,  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam, 
Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  Petersburg,  Va., 
and  Henry  Hill,  Fla. ;  was  wounded  in  right  side  of  face  at  the  second  bat 
tle  of  Bull  Run,  and  through  the  left  lung  at  Gettysburg;  was  frequently 
employed  as  a  spy  (on  account  of  his  previous  association  with  the  people 
of  the  South);  was  honorably  discharged  September  5,  1865;  came  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1882,  and  has  since  been  engaged  in  the  wood,  coal,  hay  and  grain 
business  Comrade  Oeckel  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  located  at 
his  present  place  of  residence. 

BENJAMIN   F.   WHITMORE. 

Was  born  in  Sidney,  Shelby  County,  Ohio,  August  n,  1840,  and  is 
by  occupation  a  carpenter;  enlisted  in  January,  1862,  in  Company  K,  2Oth 
Ohio  Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private  and  corporal,  belonged  to  the  2d 
Brigade,  3d  Division,  lyth  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Fort  Donel- 
son,  Shiloh,  Boliver,  Middleburg,  Corinth,  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  at 
Atlanta,  with  General  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the  sea  and  through  the 
Carolinas,  present  at  the  surrender  of  General  Joe  Johnston,  and  in  the 
grand  review  at  Washington  city;  in  the  engagement  at  Middleburg,  Tenn., 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   TfiE  REPUBLIC.  281 

August  30,  1862,  was  taken  prisoner,  sent  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  and  then  to 
Vicksburg;  after  thirty  days'  confinement  was  paroled  and  exchanged  at 
Columbus,  Ky.;  at  Atlanta,  July  22,  1864,  was  wounded  by  musket-ball 
in  right  shoulder,  but  remained  in  ranks  until  close  of  the  day's  engage 
ment;  mustered  out  of  service  in  July,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Sumner 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


ISAAC   R.   LANE. 

Was  born  in  Barnesville,  Belmont  County,  Ohio,  October  20,  1842, 
completing  the  course  in  the  public  schools  at  the  age  of  sixteen,  when 
he  entered  a  printing-office  to  learn  the  printer's  trade;  left  his  case  on 
the  Xenia  Torchlight  on  August  5,  1862,  and  enlisted  in  Company  H,  94th 
Regiment,  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  as  a  private;  was  mustered  into  the 
regiment  as  a  corporal,  and  on  August  16,  1863,  promoted  to  sergeant; 
mustered  out  with  the  regiment  June  5,  1865;  having  participated  in  the 
battles  of  Chickamauga,  Lookout  Mountain,  Missionary  Ridge,  Atlanta 
campaign,  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea  and  through  the  Carolinas,  Benton- 
ville,  N.  C.,  and  surrender  of  Johnston's  army  near  Raleigh,  N.  C.;  was 
slightly  wounded  in  the  left  hand  at  Missionary  Ridge;  is  a  charter  mem 
ber  of  Hilles  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Barnesville,  Ohio,  and  is  now  serving  the 
second  year  as  commander  of  the  post;  attended  the  twentieth  national 
encampment  at  San  Francisco  as  a  delegate;  is  at  present  agent  of  the 
Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad  at  Barnesville,  also  president  of  the  Board 
of  Education,  member  of  Council  and  one  of  the  trustees  of  the  Belmont 
County  Children's  Home. 

GEORGE  T.   CHIIvDS. 

Was  born  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  September  7,  1842;  enlisted  in 
Company  K,  5th  Massachusetts  Infantry,  April  19,  1861,  and  took  part 
in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run;  was  taken  prisoner  and  for  thirteen 
months  experienced  the  horrors  of  Libby,  Salisbury,  and  New  Orleans 
prisons;  was  paroled  at  Salisbury  July  26,  1862,  and  returned  home  in 
impaired  health;  after  the  war,  went  South  for  his  health  and  resided 
for  a  time  in  New  Orleans;  returning  to  Boston,  resided  there  until  his 
removal  to  St.  Albans,  Vt. ,  in  1873.  Comrade  Childs  was  commander  of  Post 
No.  n,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Charlestown,  Mass.,  two  terms,  and  was  subsequently 
chief  mustering  officer  of  the  department  of  Massachusetts,  on  General 
Devens'  staff;  in  1873  ne  became  private  secretary  to  President  J.  Gregory 
Smith  of  the  Central  Vermont  Railroad,  which  position  he  now  holds; 


282  RECORDS  OF*  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

was  chief  of  staff  under  Governor  Farnham  in  1880,  and  in  1884  was  a 
Republican  presidential  elector  and  the  messenger  to  Washington;  he 
delivered  the  annual  address  before  the  Vermont  Officers'  Reunion  Society 
in  1884,  and  has  delivered  numerous  memorial  day  orations;  is  one  of  the 
trustees  of  the  Soldier's  Home  in  Vermont,  and  past  commander  of  Hurl- 
but  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  department  of  Vermont. 


AMBROSE   GROW. 

Was  born  in  Evansville,  Vanderburg  County,  Ind.,  December  10, 
1844,  and  is  by  occupation  a  blacksmith.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  ist 
Battalion  Native  Cavalry,  California  Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private; 
was  on  duty  in  Arizona,  and  took  part  in  several  Indian  fighls;  frequently 
acted  as  courier  between  the  military  posts  and  stations;  veteranized  in 
1864,  and  was  mustered  out  March  15,  1866;  is  a  member  of  Simmer  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  which  is  his  place  of  residence. 


GUINTER   N.  KERUN. 

Was  born  in  Bucks  County,  Pa.,  December  9,  1833;  is  a  machinist. 
Enlisted  August  22,  1862,  in  Company  A  of  the  i22d  Ohio  Regiment, 
and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  3d  and  6th  Army  Corps; 
was  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Winchester  and  confined  in  Libby 
Prison  for  nearly  three  months  before  being  exchanged;  took  part  in  the 
battle  at  Mine  Run;  then  with  the  6th  Corps  was  in  the  Wilderness  cam 
paign,  crossing  the  Rapidan  in  May;  took  part  in  the  ensuing  battles  under 
General  Grant  to  Reams'  Station  south  of  Petersburg;  was  wounded  in 
the  face  by  a  fragment  of  shell  at  the  battle  of  Cold  Harbor;  at  the  battle 
of  the  Wilderness  his  brother-in-law  was  shot  dead  by  his  side;  after 
Reams'  Station,  was  in  the  battles  of  Monocacy,  Cedar  Creek,  Fisher's 
Hill,  and  Opequon  Creek.  Comrade  Kerlin  resides  at  Sacramento,  Cal. , 
and  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  that  place. 


SMITH  GREEN   BLYTHE. 

Was  born  in  Cranberry,  N.  J.,  November  6,  1841;  is  a  physician. 
Enlisted  April  18,  1861,  in  the  ist  New  Jersey  Infantry,  and  served  suc 
cessively  as  private  of  Company  D,  commissary -sergeant,  2d  lieutenant  of 
Company  A,  ist  lieutenant  of  Company  F,  and  captain  of  Company  F, 
commissions  bearing  date  as  follows:  March  24,  1862;  October  7,  1862; 
and  November  29,  1862;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  283 

6th  Army  Corps;  was  in  most  of  the  engagements  in  which  the  6th 
Corps  participated,  from  the  beginning  of  the  Peninsula  campaign  to  the 
Wilderness  inclusive;  was  in  the  ist  battle  of  Bull  Run  prior  to  the  forma 
tion  of  the  6th  Corps;  was  wounded  in  right  shoulder  at  the  2d  battle  of 
Fredericksburg  and  in  the  right  thigh  at  the  Wilderness  May  5,  1864;  was 
honorably  discharged  from  the  service  on  account  of  physical  disability, 
June  23,  1864.  Comrade  Blythe  is  a  member  of  Gardner  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Nora  Springs,  la.,  where  he  resides.  He  assisted  in  the  organization  of 
that  post  and  was  its  first  commander  and  is  at  present  its  commander. 
Was  presidential  elector  in  1880  from  the  4th  district  of  Iowa. 


FRANCIS   H.  JOHNSTON. 

Was  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  June  17,  1838;  learned  the  trade  of 
silver-plating  and  made  it  his  occupation  for  a  time;  is  at  present  engaged 
in  the  restaurant  business.  Enlisted  April  20,  1861,  in  Company  E,  9th 
New  York  Infantry — Hawkins'  Zouaves — attached  to  the  gth  Army  Corps; 
served  as  a  private;  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Big  Bethel  and  was  in  several 
skirmishes;  discharged  on  surgeon's  certificate  of  disability  in  October, 
1861;  was  steward  of  the  steamer  Locust  Point,  transport,  in  the  expedi 
tion  to  and  capture  of  Port  Royal,  S.  C.  Re-enlisted  in  June,  1862,  in 
Company  F,  22d  New  York  Infantry;  was  stationed  at  Harper's  Ferry, 
taking  part  from  there  in  many  organized  raids  through  the  Shenandoah 
Valley,  in  which  he  was  engaged  in  several  skirmishes;  mustered  out  by 
reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service,  the  regiment  having  remained  over 
time  during  the  second  invasion  of  Maryland  in  expectation  of  an  attack 
by  the  rebel  general  (Stonewall)  Jackson;  is  a  member  of  J.  L.  Riker 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  New  York  city,  but  at  present  a  resident  of  Sacramento, 
Cal. 

GEORGE  A.  PUTNAM. 

Born  in  Fitchburg,  Worcester  County,  Mass.,  May  15,  1825;  emi 
grated  to  California  around  Cape  Horn,  sailed  from  Boston  February  4, 
1849,  on  tne  snip  Leonore;  arrived  in  San  Francisco,  July  5,  1849;  fol 
lowed  mining  on  Yuba  and  Feather  rivers  until  1 853 ;  from  which  time 
until  1857  was  engaged  in  merchandising  and  teaming;  in  1857  was 
appointed  deputy  sheriff  of  Sacramento  County  and  served  until  1863; 
in  1 86 1  enlisted  as  private  in  2d  California  Cavalry,  but  was  rejected  on 
account  of  physical  disability;  enlisted  again  in  1862,  and  was  again 
rejected  for  the  same  reason;  appointed  major  and  paymaster  United  States 
Volunteers,  November  17,  1863,  and  assigned  to  duty  in  the  military 


284  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

division  of  the  Pacific;  resigned  May  10,  1865;  box  and  stamp  clerk 
Sacramento  Post-office  from  December,  1865,  to  March,  1871;  Federal 
assessor,  U.  S.  Internal  Revenue  from  March,  1871,  to  May,  1873,  when 
the  office  was  abolished  by  the  overiunent;  Federal  collector  4th  district 
from  May,  1873,  to  June,  1874;  delivery  clerk,  Sacramento  Post-office,  to 
March,  1877;  elected  city  tax  collector  and  re-elected  four  times,  which 
office  he  still  holds;  has  served  two  terms  as  fire  commissioner  for  Sacra 
mento  city;  is  a  member  of  the  Sacramento  Society  of  California  Pioneers 
and  one  of  its  present  directors,  which  office  he  has  held  for  the  past  nine 
years;  has  been  president  of  the  association;  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento. 

ISAAC    SPARROW   BANGS. 

Was  born  in  Cannan,  Me.,  March  17,  1831;  has  been  a  merchant 
and  bank  cashier.  Enlisted  August  9,  1862,  in  the  aoth  Maine  Regiment, 
and  served  as  captain,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel,  commissions  dating 
as  follows:  August  9,  1862;  March  2,  1863;  and  October  17,  1863;  was 
attached  to  the  5th  and  igth  Army  Corps;  was  breve tted  a  brigadier-gen 
eral  March  13,  1865;  was  present  at  and  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Antie- 
tam,  Sharpsburg,  Fredericksburg,  and  siege  of  Port  Hudson;  was  mustered 
out  of  service  July  19,  1864;  was  superintendent  of  recruiting  for  the 
Department  of  the  Gulf,  president  of  the  Board  for  the  Examination  of 
Officers  for  Promotion,  and  was  in  command  of  forts  Jackson,  St.  Phillip, 
Livingston,  and  the  defenses  of  New  Orleans  in  1863-64.  Since  the  war 
has  been  a  granite  dealer  at  Waterville,  Me.,  where  he  resides.  Comrade 
Bangs  entered  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  as  a  charter  member  of 
W.  S.  Heath  Post,  No.  14,  department  of  Maine,  and  has  served  as  post 
commander,  department  inspector,  department  commander,  and  Junior 
Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  being  elected  to  the  latter  position  in  1882. 


THOMAS  J.  EWING. 

Was  born  in  Boyd  County,  Ky.,  March  10,  1843;  nas  Deen  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  his  present  occupation  is  that  of  attorney  at  law;  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  was  attending  Marshall  College,  Va., 
which  he  left  and  returned  to  his  home  in  Kentucky,  where  he  recruited  a 
company  of  106  men,  enlisting  himself  July  19,  1861;  it  was  mustered 
into  service  as  Company  G,  5th  West  Virginia  Volunteers;"  he  was  com 
missioned  its  captain  in  September,  1861,  and  in  June,  1864,  was  appointed 
colonel  of  the  22d  Regiment  Kentucky  Militia,  called  out  to  meet  an 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  285 

emergency,  with  which  he  was  mustered  out  at  Catlettsburg,  Ky.,  July 
14,  1864;  served  under  Generals  McClellan,  Rosecrans,  Milroy,  Fremont, 
and  Siegel;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  McDowell,  Cedar  Mountain, 
Second  Bull  Run;  in  all,  forty  general  engagements  and  skirmishes;  is  a 
member  and  has  been  the  post  commander  of  Ralph  Armstead  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Catlettsburg,  Ky.,  where  he  resides. 


JAPHET   WIIvSON. 

Was  born  in  Stahlstown,  Westmoreland  County,  Pa.,  March  21,  1827, 
and  is  by  occupation  a  butcher.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  2d  California 
Cavalry,  August  29,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  for  a  time  on  pro 
vost  guard  in  San  Francisco,  guard  duty  on  mail-steamers  plying  between 
San  Francisco  and  Panama,  and  on  Indian  scouting  duty  in  northern  Cal 
ifornia;  mustered  out  of  service  by  expiration  of  term  September  24,  1864. 
Is  a  member  of  Sunnier  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  his  place  of 
residence.  Comrade  Wilson  is  also  a  veteran  of  the  Mexican  War,  in 
which  he  served  in  the  4th  Ohio  Volunteers. 


GEORGE   A.  WALKER. 

Was  born  in  Sutton,  Caledonia  County,  Vt,  April  23,  1834,  and  is 
by  occupation  a  laborer.  Enlisted  in  Company  G,  2d  California  Cavalry, 
September  23,  1861;  had  previously  served  a  five  years'  term  of  enlist 
ment  in  loth  U.  S.  Infantry,  from  which  regiment  he  was  honorably  dis 
charged  in  1860:  took  part  in  the  Utah  expedition  under  General  Albert 
Sydney  Johnston ;  served  as  quartermaster-sergeant;  was  stationed,  during 
the  Civil  War,  in  southern  California  and  Arizona,  engaged  in  scouting 
duty,  and  was  in  several  Indian  skirmishes;  discharged,  on  expiration  of 
term,  September  27,  1864.  Is  a  member  of  Fair  Oaks  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Sacramento,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

WILLIAM   C.    REDDY. 

Was  born  in  Honesdale,  Pa.,  February  26,  1845.  Enlisted  August 
6,  1862,  in  Company  K  of  the  H4th  New  York  Regiment;  was  afterwards 
commissioned  as  2d  lieutenant  in  the  78th  Regiment  U.  S.  Colored  Troops 
(4th  engineers),  and  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  and  acting  adjutant 
and  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  brigade;  was  mustered  out  at 
Greenville,  La.,  January  6,  1866;  studied  law,  and  is  now  practicing  his 
profession  in  New  York  city;  has  been  a  notary  public,  and  a  captain  in 


2S6  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  1 2th  Regiment  N.  Y.  N.  G.  Comrade  Reddy  joined  James  C.  Rice 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  New  York,  in  1878,  and  served  as  junior 
and  senior  vice  and  past  commander  thereof  before  his  transfer  to  Judson 
Kilpatrick  Post  in  the  same  department,  in  which  he  has  served  as  officer 
of  the  day  and  as  commander;  has  been  judge-advocate  of  his  department 
and  assistant  inspector-general  on  the  national  staff;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
twentieth  national  encampment. 


PHIUP  SIDNEY   POST. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Florida,  Orange  County,  N.  Y.,  March  19, 
1833,  graduating  at  Union  College,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  in  1855;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  west  to  engage  in  the  practice  of 
his  profession;  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  59th  Illinois  Volunteers 
in  June,  1861,  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  and  adjutant,  June  22,  1861, 
major  November  9,  1861,  and  colonel  March  19,  1862;  the  last  promotion 
being  for  gallantry  in  the  battle  at  Pea  Ridge,  Ark.,  March  7,  1862,  where 
he  commanded  his  regiment  and  was  badly  wounded  in  the  arm  and 
shoulder.  With  much  difficulty  and  danger  he  got  to  St.  L,ouis,  where 
his  wounds  were  properly  cared  for.  Before  he  was  able  to  mount  his 
horse  without  assistance  he  was  again  in  command  of  his  regiment.  In 
the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  under  General  Rosecrans,  he  commanded  a 
brigade,  and  rendered  conspicuous  service.  During  the  Atlanta  campaign 
he  was  transferred  to  General  Thomas  J.  Wood's  division,  4th  Army 
Corps,  and,  after  that  general  was  wounded  at  lyovejoy  Station,  succeeded 
to  the  command  of  the  division.  In  the  Nashville  campaign,  under 
General  Geo.  H.  Thomas,  he  was  again  conspicuous  for  gallantry;  at  Mur- 
freesboro  on  the  morning  of  December  15,  1864,  he  made  the  initiatory 
attack  with  his  division  on  the  first  line  of  the  enemy's  works  and  carried 
them  at  the  point  of  the  bayonet.  In  the  afternoon  he  attacked  the  second 
line  with  equal  success,  and  on  the  following  day  led  the  assault  on  Over- 
ton's  Hill,  the  last  stronghold  of  the  enemy,  and,  at  the  very  moment  of 
success,  fell  almost  upon  the  enemy's  breastworks,  apparently  mortally 
wounded,  a  discharge  of  grape-shot  killed  his  horse,  tore  away  a  portion  of 
his  left  side  and  hip  and  crushed  the  bones  of  his  hip.  General  Thomas 
telegraphed  from  the  field  recommending  the  promotion  of  Colonel  Post 
to  brigadier-general,  and' he  was  so  commissioned  by  President  Lincoln, 
to  take  rank  from  that  date.  He  was  confined  to  his  bed  for  several 
months,  but  recovered  sufficiently  to  be  able  in  July,  1865,  to  report 
for  duty;  was  then  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  western  district  of 
Texas,  with  headquarters  at  San  Antonio,  where  he  remained  until  the 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  287 

withdrawal  of  the  French  forces  from  Mexico;  honorably  discharged  in 
January,  1866;  was  strongly  recommended  by  generals  Thomas  and  Wood 
for  appointment  as  colonel  in  the  Regular  Army  of  the  United  States, 
but  preferred  not  to  remain  in  the  military  service  after  the  establishment 
of  peace.  General  Post  was  appointed  consul-general  at  Vienna,  Austria, 
and  held  the  position  for  thirteen  years,  when  he  returned  to  Galesburg, 
Ills. ,  and  engaged  in  the  real  estate  business;  is  a  member  of  James  T. 
Shields  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  that  place,  and  has  been  its  commander. 


JOSEPH   CROMER. 

Was  born  in  Marion,  Marion  County,  Ohio,  September  12,  1838;  has 
had  various  occupations  in  life.  Enlisted  July  22,  1861,  in  Company  E 
of  the  26th  Ohio  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  Wood's 
division,  2d  Brigade,  of  the  4th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  engage 
ments  at  Hawk's  Nest,  Horseshoe  Bend,  Shiloh,  Murfreesboro,  and  Stone 
River;  was  wounded  in  left  wrist  and  right  foot;  while  disabled  for  active 
service  acted  as  clerk  and  had  charge  of  provost  guards;  was  appointed 
a  captain,  but  never  mustered,  on  account  of  disability;  was  finally  trans 
ferred  to  the  8th  Regiment  of  Veteran  Reserves  at  Chicago,  Ills.,  where  he 
served  out  his  time.  Comrade  Cromer  is  a  member  of  Abe  Lincoln  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Council  Bluffs,  la.,  where  he  resides,  and  has  been  sergeant- 
major  and  twice  adjutant  of  his  post. 


JOHN    C.    STOUT. 

Was  born  in  Carrollton,  Greene  County,  Ills.,  January  27,  1846,  and 
was  a  fanner  boy  when  he  enlisted  in  Company  I,  Qist  Illinois  Volunteers, 
August  7,  1862;  the  regiment  was  assigned  to  General  Buell's  command 
in  Kentucky,  and  placed  on  duty  guarding  railroad ;  after  being  nearly  six 
weeks  engaged  in  constant  skirmishing  with  portions  of  Morgan's,  Breck- 
inridge's,  and  Bragg' s  forces,  comrade  Stout,  with  others,  was  captured 
December  29,  1862 ;  was  paroled,  and  sent  to  St.  Louis,  Mo. ;  was  exchanged 
June  n,  1863,  when  he  rejoined  the  regiment,  and  proceeded  down  the 
Mississippi  River  to  Vicksburg,  where  it  became  a  portion  of  the  3d  Brigade, 
2d  Division,  of  the  i3th  Army  Corps;  after  Vicksburg  was  captured,  pro 
ceeded  to  Port  Hudson  and  New  Orleans;  from  whence  the  2d  Division 
was  sent  to  Morganza's  Bend,  engaging  the  rebel  forces  of  generals  Dick 
Taylor  and  Marmaduke;  comrade  Stout  returned  to  New  Orleans,  and 
thence  went  to  Brownsville,  Tex.,  with  his  regiment,  where,  through  con 
stant  exposure,  he  became  so  debilitated  as  to  be  unfit  for  duty,  and  was 


288  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

therefore  granted  a  furlough,  before  the  expiration  of  which  he  was  hon 
orably  discharged  the  service  at  Springfield,  Ills.,  February  19,  1864;  after 
his  discharge  comrade  Stout  studied  medicine;  he  is  a  graduate  of  the 
American  Medical  College  of  St.  Louis;  is  at  present  a  physician  and 
surgeon  at  San  Jose,  Cal. ;  has  been  twice  president  of  the  State  Medi 
cal  Society  of  California,  and  three  times  elected  delegate  to  the  National 
Medical  Society,  of  which  he  is  a  member;  is  president  of  the  Santa  Clara 
Medical  Society,  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Jose, 
and  the  surgeon. 

JEROME  N.  MCCARTY. 

Was  born  in  Huron  County,  Ohio,  February  7,  1833,  and  is  by  occu 
pation  a  farmer.  Enlisted  October  15,  1861,  in  Company  H,  43d  Ohio 
Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  i5th  Army  Corps; 
served  in  Missouri  under  General  Pope;  was  at  the  battles  of  New  Madrid, 
Island  No.  10,  and  the  capture  of  the  rebel  forces  at  Horseshoe  Bend, 
below  the  island;  at  Corinth;  from  whence,  on  account  of  ill -health, 
brought  on  by  exposure,  he  was  sent  to  Camp  Chase,  Columbus,  Ohio, 
where,  011  surgeon's  certificate  of  disability,  he  was  discharged  from  serv 
ice  in  September,  1862;  is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacra 
mento,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

JOSE   M.  RODRIGUEZ. 

Was  born  in  Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  March  19,  1849,  was  a  ranchero;  is 
now  a  waiter.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  ist  Battalion  Native  Cavalry, 
California  Volunteers,  May  21,  1863;  served  as  private  and  second  sergeant; 
was  attached  to  the  military  department  of  California  and  engaged  in 
operations  against  Indians  near  Fort  Gaston,  Cal. ;  mustered  out  March  20, 
1866;  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  which  is 
his  place  of  residence. 

THOMAS   D.  VREDENBURGH. 

Was  born  in  Springfield,  Ills.,  March  15,  1841;  has  been  a  book 
keeper,  and  is  a  lumber  and  grain  merchant.  Enlisted  as  a  private  in 
Company  B,  roth  Illinois  Cavalry,  September  21,  1861,  promoted  to 
orderly-sergeant,  Company  I/,  October  22d,  and  sergeant-major  of  regi 
ment,  November  i6th;  commissioned  2d  lieutenant,  loth  Illinois  Cav 
alry,  December  30,  1861;  ist  lieutenant  and  adjutant,  April  8,  1862; 
captain  Company  D,  May  31,  1863;  major,  December  31,  1864;  lieutenant- 
colonel,  October  10,  1865;  was  engaged  in  the  raids  and  skirmishes  in 


GRAND  ARMY    OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  289 

southwest  Missouri  during  the  summer  of  1862;  Yazoo  expedition,  capture 
of  Arkansas  Post,  approach  to  and  assault  on  Vicksburg;  taken  prisoner 
at  Richmond,  Ark.,  June  6,  1863;  was  confined  in  jail  at  Shreveport,  L,a., 
and  subsequently  at  Camp  Ford,  Tex.,  from  which  he  escaped  in  October, 
1863,  but  was  recaptured  ten  days  afterwards  on  Red  River  near  Alexan 
dria,  lya. ;  was  returned  to  Camp  Floyd,  from  which  he  again  escaped  by 
mingling  in  with  exchanged  prisoners,  and  safely  reached  New  Orleans, 
July  29,  1864;  was  judge-advocate  on  General  West's  staff  at  Little  Rock, 
Ark.,  in  the  winter  of  1864-65;  rejoined  his  regiment  in  the  spring  of 
1865,  and  marched  to  the  Rio  Grande,  becoming  part  of  the  army  on  the 
Texas  and  Mexican  frontier,  concentrated  for  the  purpose  of  a  forward 
movement  into  Mexico,  if  the  United  States  Government  should  deem  it 
advisable  to  interpose  against  the  interference  of  France  in  the  affairs  of 
that  country;  honorably  discharged  from  service  January  6,  1866;  is  a 
member  of  Stephenson  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Springfield,  Ills.,  and  has  been 
post  quartermaster;  resides  at  L,oami,  Sangamon  County,  Ills. 


HEMAN   P.  WINCHELL. 

Was  born  in  Kendall  County,  Ills.,  December  12,  1847;  nas  Deen  a 
farmer,  and  is  now  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits.  Enlisted  in  May,  1 864, 
in  Company  F,  i4ist  Illinois  Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private;  was 
attached  to  the  i6th  Army  Corps;  was  on  duty  at  Columbus  and  Paducah, 
Ky.,  scouting  through  the  mountains  of  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  clear 
ing  the  country  of  guerrilla  raiders;  engaged  in  many  skirmishes;  mustered 
out  in  October,  1864,  the  141  st  being  one  of  the  regiments  called  out  by 
the  President  for  special  service.  Comrade  Winchell  is  a  member  of  Fair 
Oaks  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  and  its  Junior  Vice-Commander; 
is  a  resident  of  that  city. 

ROBERT  B.  BEATH. 

Is  of  Scotch  parentage,  and  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  January 
26,  1839.  After  attending  the  common  schools  until  he  was  fifteen  years 
of  age  he  became  an  apprentice  to  machine  blacksmithing  at  the  South- 
wark  Foundry,  and  worked  at  that  trade  until  the  outbreak  of  the  War  of 
the  Rebellion.  Enlisted  as  a  private  April  20,  1861,  in  the  23d  Pennsyl 
vania  Volunteers,  a  three  months'  regiment;  af  the  expiration  of  his  term 
of  service  re-enlisted  for  three  years  in  the  88th  Pennsylvania  Volunteers 
September  5,  1861;  was  appointed  sergeant,  then  ist  sergeant,  and  pro 
moted  to  2d  lieutenant,  having  meanwhile  been  slightly  wounded  in  the 


290  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

foot  at  the  second  Bull  Run  battle,  August  29,  1862.  After  participating 
with  his  regiment  in  many  engagements,  was  commissioned  captain  6th 
U.  S.  Colored  Troops,  August  26,  1863.  His  regiment  served  under  Gen 
eral  Butler  in  the  Army  of  the  James,  and  participated  in  the  siege  of 
Petersburg.  At  Chapin's  Farm,  September  29,  1864,  was  so  severely 
wounded  that  it  necessitated  the  amputation  of  his  right  leg.  For  a  time 
his  life  was  despaired  of,  but  in  January,  1865,  he  was  able  to  go  home, 
and  was  assigned  to  duty  at  Camp  William  Penn,  Philadelphia,  where  he 
remained  until  able  to  wear  an  artificial  leg;  returned  to  his  regiment  in 
1865,  and  was  honorably  discharged  as  captain  September  2oth;  had  been 
commissioned  as  lieutenant-colonel,  but  not  mustered  in  as  such  on  account 
of  orders  for  the  muster  out  of  his  regiment. 

Being  physically  incapacitated  for  his  trade,  Colonel  Beath  studied 
book-keeping,  and  has  since  been  engaged  in  responsible  positions  as  clerk 
and  book-keeper,  being  now  secretary  of  the  United  Firemen's  Insurance 
Company  of  Philadelphia;  in  1871  was  elected  surveyor-general  of  Penn 
sylvania,  and  served  in  that  capacity  for  three  years.  Was  a  charter 
member  of  Post  No.  5,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Philadelphia,  in  November,  1866,  and 
served  as  its  commander;  was  also  commander  for  two  years  of  Gowen 
Post  at  Pottsville,  Pa.,  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  department  of 
Pennsylvania  for  five  terms,  department  commander  one  year,  inspector- 
general  two  years,  and  adjutant-general  on  the  staffs  of  Commanders-in- 
Chief  Burnside,  Hartranft,  and  Wagner,  in  all  three  years.  At  the 
national  encampment  held  in  Denver,  Col.,  in  1883,  was  elected  Com- 
mander-in-Chief.  By  consecutive  attendance,  having  attended  every 
meeting  since  1870,  he  is  the  oldest  member  of  the  national  encampment; 
has  served  continuously  on  the  committee  on  rules,  regulations,  and  ritual 
in  the  national  encampments,  except  in  the  years  in  which  he  held  office 
in  the  encampment.  Is  the  author  of  the  "Grand  Army  Blue  Book,"  a 
compilation  of  the  laws  and  decisions  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 


JOSEPH   B.    BAKER. 

Was  born  in  Washington  County,  Ind. ,  April  12,  1847;  was  a  farmer 
boy  of  fourteen  years  of  age  when  he  entered  the  military  service  of  the 
Government  as  a  private  in  Company  H,  49th  Indiana  Volunteers,  Novem 
ber  4,  1861.  It  is  claimed  he  was  the  youngest  soldier  that  shouldered  a 
musket  and  served  throughout  the  Civil  War.  After  discharge,  by  reason 
of  expiration  of  term  of  service,  he  re-enlisted  in  Company  B,  i45th 
Indiana  Volunteers,  January  17,  1865,  and  was  mustered  out  with  the 
regiment  after  the  close  of  the  war.  Belonged  to  the  i3th  Corps  in  the 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  291 

Army  of  Tennessee,  and  also  to  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  was  in  the 
battles  at  Cumberland  Gap,  Chickasaw  Bayou,  Arkansas  Post,  Port  Gib 
son,  Grand  Gulf,  Champion  Hill,  Black  River  Bridge,  siege  of  Vicksburg, 
Jackson,  Miss.,  Rapides,  La.,  and  other  engagements;  after  he  returned 
to  private  life  pursued  for  several  years  the  occupation  of  lumberman ;  was 
then  for  a  time  employed  on  the  guard-vessel  at  JefFersonville,  on  the 
Ohio  River;  then  went  to  farming,  and  in  1881  removed  with  his  family 
to  a  homestead  in  Bellinger  County,  Mo.,  where  he  at  present  resides;  is 
a  member  of  Erich  Pape  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Bellinger  Mills,  Mo.,  and  is 
its  adjutant,  which  office  he  has  held  for  two  terms. 

M.   J.    FAN  CHER. 

Was  horn  in  Warren  County,  N.  Y.,  November  6,  1838.  Enlisted 
in  Company  M,  8th  Illinois  Cavalry,  September  8,  1861,  and  served  as  a 
private;  was  under  command,  at  different  periods,  of  generals  Stoneman, 
John  Buford,  and  Pleasanton;  was  in  the  battles  of  Yorktown,  Williams- 
burg,  Mechanicsville,  seven  davs'  actions  before  Richmond,  Antietam, 
Chancellorsville,  Fredericksburg,  Gettysburg,  battles  in  the  Wilderness, 
and  several  other  minor  engagements;  honorably  discharged  from  service 
September  28,  1864;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San 
Jose,  Cal. ,  and  engaged  in  farming  and  fruit-raising  near  that  city.  / 

JOHN   L.    WOODS,  JR. 

Was  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  September  i,  1842;  has  been  a  miner 
and  blacksmith.  Enlisted  November  20,  1861,  in  Company  G  of  the  4th 
California  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  on  duty  at  Auburn,  Cal., 
during  the  great  flood,  and  later  at  Sutterville,  where  he  received  a  serious 
injury  which  rendered  him  physically  disqualified  for  further  service,  in 
consequence  of  which  was  mustered  out  March  19,  1862;  was  previously 
wounded  by  Indian  arrows  during  fights  in  Oregon  and  Montana.  Com 
rade  Woods  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Sacramento,  Cal., 
where  he  resides. 

BENSON  CLARKE  BELLAMY. 

Was  born  in  Moorefield,  Switzerland  County,  Ind.,  January  8,  1844, 
and  is  a  physician.  Enlisted  in  the  i8th  Iowa  Volunteers  July  19,  1862, 
serving  as  a  private;  his  first  service  was  in  the  Department  of  the  Frontier 
in  Missouri  and  Arkansas;  was  afterwards  attached  to  General  John  M. 
Thayer's  Brigade,  yth  Army  Corps,  General  Fred  Steele  commanding; 


292  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Springfield,  Mo. ,  Poison  Springs,  Ark. ,  and 
numerous  skirmishes;  shot  through  the  left  shoulder  at  Poison  Springs, 
and  taken  prisoner,  which  he  remained  until  liberated  May  27,  1865,  in 
consequence  of  the  close  of  the  war;  was  confined  at  Cainden  and  Mag 
nolia,  Ark.,  Shreveport,  La.,  and  Camp  Ford,  Tex.  After  being  mustered 
out,  July  5,  1865,  Comrade  Bellamy  studied  medicine,  and  since  his 
admission  to  practice  has  been  engaged  in  it  ever  since  in  Iowa,  Nebraska, 
and  California;  has  been  in  the  employ  of  the  Government  as  surgeon  in 
the  Indian  Department  for  five  years — one  year  at  the  Tule  River  Agency, 
and  the  remainder  at  the  Round  River  Valley  Agency.  Is  a  member  of 
Lou  Morris  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Livermore,  Alameda  County,  Cal.,  his  place 
of  residence. 

GEORGE   ARMSTRONG. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city  September  10,  1845,  and  is  a  plumber  by 
occupation,  and  also  a  musician.  Enlisted  in  Company  E,  i2th  New 
York  Cavalry,  September  7,  1864,  and  served  as  private  and  corporal; 
was  in  the  battles  of  New  Berne,  Rocky  Run,  Kinston,  and  other 
engagements;  was  wounded  at  Rocky  Run,  struck  by  a  bullet  in  right 
knee;  served  in  the  Department  of  North  Carolina  until  the  close  of  the 
war;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  at  New  Berne,  N.  C., 
June  14,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento, 
Cal.,  which  is  his  place  of  residence. 

0 

CHARLES   C.  ROYCE. 

Was  born  in  Defiance,  Ohio,  December  22,  1846;  educated  at  the 
high  school  in  Troy,  Ohio;  entered  the  U.  S.  Navy  as  acting  master's 
mate,  September  14,  1863,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  on  the  U.  S.  moni 
tor  Neosha;  appointed  mate  September  16,  1864;  honorably  discharged 
August  26,  1865;  was  slightly  wounded  in  the  battle  at  Nashville,  Decem 
ber  16,  1864;  in  April,  1866,  he  entered  the  Indian  department  at  Wash 
ington,  D.  C.,  where  he  became  chief  of  the  land  division;  was  afterwards 
ethnologist  in  the  Bureau  of  Ethnology,  Smithsonian  Institution,  Wash 
ington  city;  since  1880  has  been  engaged  in  the  preparation  of  a  history 
of  the  Indian  tribes  of  North  America  in  their  official  relations  to  the 
Government  of  the  United  States ;  he  is  now  a  private  banker  at  Troy, 
Miami  County,  Ohio.  Comrade  Royce  has  been  a  continuous  member  of 
the  G.  A.  R.,  in  good  standing,  since  he  was  mustered  into  Post  No.  i,  at 
Washington,  D.  C.,  August  9,  1867;  was  a  charter  member  of  Lincoln 
Post  in  that  city,  its  first  adjutant,  and  twice  re-elected;  in  1869  was  a 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  293 

delegate  to  the  department  encampment;  in  1870  and  1871,  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  the  department  of  the  Potomac;  in  1871  was  appointed 
assistant  adjutant-general  on  the  staff  of  General  John  A.  Logan,  then 
Commander-in-Chief ;  the  same  year  was  elected  a  delegate  to  the  national 
encampment  held  in  Boston,  and  with  one  exception  has  attended  each 
national  encampment  since  that  date;  in  1871  was  also  elected  commander 
of  Lincoln  Post;  in  1872  was  appointed  judge-advocate  of  the  department 
of  the  Potomac;  in  1876,  department  inspector;  in  1877  and  1878  was  a 
member  of  the  national  council  of  administration;  in  1879  was  elected 
senior  vice-department  commander;  in  1880  was  unanimously  chosen 
department  commander,  declined  a  re-election;  in  1886  was  appointed 
senior  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Commander-in-Chief  Burdett,  and  in 
that  capacity  attended  the  twentieth  national  encampment  at  San  Fran 
cisco;  although  a  resident  of  Troy,  Ohio,  he  still  maintains  his  member 
ship  of  Lincoln  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Washington  city. 


ROBERT   MORTON  DAVIDSON. 

Was  born  in  Westmoreland  County,  Pa.,  August  7,  1847.  Enlisted 
in  Company  I,  i45th  Illinois  Volunteers,  in  the  spring  of  1864,  and  served 
as  a  private;  was  on  garrison  duty  at  Rolla,  Mo.,  until  mustered  out  in 
September,  1864;  was  a  student  at  Wesleyan  University,  Bloomington, 
Ills.;  subsequently  engaged  in  farming  in  that  State;  came  to  California 
in  1878,  and  is  at  present  employed  in  the  San  Jose  Electric  Light  Com 
pany;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal. 


JOHN  P.    SWALLOW. 

Was  born  in  Pittston,  Luzerne  County,  Pa.,  May  16,  1831;  was  raised 
on  a  farm;  received  a  common  school  education;  resided  in  Nebraska  Ty. 
from  1856  to  i86i,when  he  went  to  Illinois.  August  8,  1862,  enlisted 
in  Company  E,  of  the  gist  Illinois  Regiment,  and  served  as  a  private. 
This  regiment  was  in  Kentucky  and  Missouri  until  after  the  surrender  of 
Vicksburg,  when  it  was  assigned  to  the  3d  Division  of  the  i3th  Army 
Corps;  proceeding  to  New  Orleans  it  served  in  the  Southwestern  Depart 
ment  until  the  close  of  the  war,  being  mustered  out  at  Mobile  July  12, 
1865.  Took  part  in  the  battles  at  Elizabeth  town,  Atchafalaya,  and  the 
Mobile  campaign;  was  taken  prisoner  at  Elizabeth  town,  but  was  paroled 
and  exchanged;  was  for  six  months  on  detached  duty  as  chief  clerk  in 
the  commissary  department  at  Brazos  Santiago,  Texas;  after  the  war 
returned  to  Illinois  and  engaged  in  farming  until  1869,  when  he  returned 


294  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

to  Nebraska  and  pursued  the  same  business  in  Johnson  County  until  1882, 
when  he  removed  to  Pawnee  County  in  the  same  State  and  engaged  in 
the  coal  business.  Comrade  Swallow  is  a  charter  member  of  Wm.  A. 
Butler  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Burchard,  Pawnee  County,  Neb.,  where  he 
resides,  and  was  its  senior  vice-commander  in  1885;  was  elected  justice 
of  the  peace  the  same  year  and  one  of  the  village  trustees  in  1886. 

ALBERT   L.    BRAGG. 

Was  born  in  Washington  County,  Me.,  January  31,  1842;  has  been 
engaged  in  various  occupations,  is  at  present  a  mill  man.  Enlisted  in 
Company  A,  6th  Maine  Volunteers,  May  3,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private; 
belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  6th  Army  Corps;  began  service 
at  Washington  in  the  summer  of  1861,  and  was  stationed  near  there  until 
the  commencement  of  the  Peninsula  campaign  of  General  McClellan;  took 
part  in  all  the  battles  to  Malvern  Hill;  was  at  Antietam,  Fredericksburg, 
Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  and  other  engagements;  while  acting  as 
orderly  to  General  David  A.  Russell,  was  made  prisoner  near  Warrenton, 
Va. ,  by  Mosby's  command;  was  confined  in  Libby  Prison,  Richmond, 
Va.,  and  at  Danville;  from  the  latter  place  of  confinement  escaped  with 
sixty- two  others,  but  was  recaptured;  was  paroled  and  exchanged  after 
eight  months'  imprisonment;  was  several  months  in  hospital  from  the 
effects  of  prison  life;  mustered  out  in  September,  1864,  by  reason  of  expi 
ration  of  term  of  enlistment;  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Sacramento,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

SHADRACK    B.   A.   CONDER. 

Was  born  in  Orange  County,  Ind.,  November  23,  1829,  and  was 
raised  on  a  farm.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  6th  United  States  Infantry, 
in  1847,  and  served  through  the  Mexican  War.  In  1861  enlisted  in  the 
24th  Indiana  Volunteers  as  a  musician,  and  for  six  months  belonged  to 
the  regimental  band;  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant,  Company  E,  66th 
Indiana  Volunteers,  August  19,  1862;  was  engaged  in  the  battle  at  Rich 
mond,  Ky. ,  where  twenty-five  of  his  company  were  killed  and  wounded, 
and  where  he  received  a  slight  wound  in  his  leg;  the  regiment  was  cap 
tured  and  paroled.  After  being  exchanged  was  sent  to  Corinth,  and 
attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  i6th  Army  Corps;  was  also  in 
in  the  battles  of  Collierville,  Tenn.,  Lay's  Ferry,  Ga.,  Dallas,  Kenesaw 
Mountain,  Atlanta,  Jonesboro,  and  in  all  the  engagements  of  General 
Sherman's  army  in  the  march  to  the  sea  and  through  the  Carolinas;  at 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  295 

the  surrender  of  General  Joe  E.  Johnston's  army,  and  in  the  grand  review 
at  Washington  city;  mustered  out  June  2,  1865.  Since  the  war,  was  for 
a  time  engaged  in  merchandising,  and  in  the  saw  and  planing  mill 
business;  was  sheriff  of  Orleans  County  in  1882.  Is  a  member  and 
senior  vice-commander  of  Spicely  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Orleans,  Ind.,  his 
place  of  residence;  was  delegate  to  the  department  encampment  at  Indi 
anapolis  in  February,  1886.  and  also  to  the  twentieth  national  encamp 
ment  at  San  Francisco. 

RUDOLPH   PEDLAR. 

Was  born  in  Grant  County,  Wis.,  April  i,  1843,  an(^  nas  Deen  engaged 
in  mining  and  stock-raising.  Enlisted  in  Company  G,  4th  California 
Infantry,  February  20,  1864,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  on  duty  in  Cal 
ifornia,  Arizona,  and  New  Mexico;  in  engagement  with  Indians  between 
Camp  Grant  and  Fort  Whipple;  present  in  the  fight  at  Apache  Pass, 
where  his  company  suffered  severely,  and  in  several  other  skirmishes  with 
Indians;  mustered  out  of  service  March  31, 1866.  Is  a  member  of  Warren 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  his  place  of  residence,  and  is  its-  junior 
vice-commander. 

JOHN   S.  DALY. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  2d  California 
Cavalry,  September  10,  1861;  discharged  on  expiration  of  term  of  service, 
September  24,  1864;  re-enlisted  in  Company  G,  2d  California  Cavalry, 
October  2  7,  1864,  and  was  finally  mustered  out  February  16,  1866;  served 
in  both  enlistments  as  a  sergeant;  belonged  to  what  was  known  as  the 
California  Column,  which  operated  in  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  and  western 
Texas.  Comrade  Daly  was  also  with  General  A.  J.  Smith  in  the  Red 
River  campaign  in  Texas;  was  in  many  fights  and  three  times  wounded, 
in  the  right  leg  in  two  places,  the  first  at  Apache  Pass  by  an  arrow  and 
the  second  by  a  bullet  at  Fort  Union,  Tex. ;  the  third  wound  was  received 
in  an  action  at  Big  Lake,  Cal. ,  the  ball  striking  him  in  the  left  shoulder, 
where  it  still  remains;  he  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at 
Sacramento,  Cal.,  which  city  is  his  place  of  residence. 

GEORGE   A.  WARNER. 

Was  born  in  Hancock  County,  Ills.,  December  18,  1842;  is  a  railroad 
conductor.  Enlisted  August  26,  1861,  in  Company  E  of  the  ist  Califor 
nia  Infantry,  and  re-enlisted  December  9,  1864,  in  Company  B  of  the  2d 
California  Cavalry ;  served  as  a  private  and  as  corporal.  During  first  enlist 
ment  went  campaigning  over  the  California  mountains,  through  Arizona, 


296  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

to  the  Indian  battle  of  Apache  Pass,  on  through  New  Mexico  and  Texas, 
having  many  engagements  with  the  Indians;  patrolled  the  border  on  the 
Rio  Grande  for  six  months,  crossed  the  Jornada  del  Mnerto  seven  times, 
and  as  the  distance  is  about  ninety  miles  between  water  on  the  desert,  the 
perils  of  a  trip  must  be  experienced  to  be  appreciated.  In  second  enlist 
ment  served  in  Nevada  and  Idaho,  during  which  time  was  engaged  in 
several  Indian  fights;  was  finally  mustered  out  in  June,  1866.  Comrade 
Warner  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  where  he 
resides. 

LEWIS   T.  ROLISON. 

Was  born  in  the  township  of  Canton,  Bradford  County,  Pa.,  June  12, 
1838;  his  occupations  in  life  have  been  those  of  farmer,  carpenter,  and 
builder.  Enlisted  June  16,  1863, in  Company  C,  3oth  Pennsylvania  Militia, 
called  out  to  meet  the  emergency  at  the  time  of  the  invasion  of  Pennsyl 
vania  by  the  Confederate  forces  under  General  Lee;  mustered  out  July  16, 
1863;  served  as  a  private;  again  enlisted  September  3,  1864,  in  Company 
K,  1 5th  N.  Y.  Engineers,  as  an  artificer;  assigned  to  duty  under  command 
of  General  Benham,  U.  S.  Engineer  Corps,  and  ordered  to  City  Point, 
Va.,  where  the  regiment  constructed  the  principal  part  of  the  line  of 
entrenchments  from  the  James  River  to  the  Appomattox,  and  was  one 
of  the  first  organizations  to  enter  Petersburg  on  the  morning  of  April  3, 
1865;  mustered  out  of  service,  June  13,  1865.  Comrade  Rolison  is  a 
member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal., where  he  resides. 


JOHN   PATTERSON   REA. 

Was  born  in  Lower  Oxford,  Chester  County,  Pa.,  October  13,  1840; 
prior  to  the  war  was  at  school  and  worked  in  a  factor}-.  Enlisted  April 
17,  1861  in  Company  B  of  the  Eleventh  Ohio  Infantry;  re-enlisted  August 
2oth  following  in  Company  I  of  the  ist  Ohio  Cavalry ;  was  commissioned 
2d  lieutenant,  September  23,  1861,  and  was  further  promoted  as  follows: 
ist  lieutenant,  March  12,  1862;  captain,  April  i,  1863;  and  brevet  major, 
November  23,  1863;  took  part  in  all  the  battles  in  which  his  regiment 
was  engaged,  and  during  his  entire  service  of  three  years  and  four  months 
was  never  off  duty  but  eight  days,  and  then  he  was  a  prisoner  of  war; 
resigned  November  23,  1864;  went  to  college  and  graduated  at  the  Ohio 
Wesleyan  University  in  1867;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  practice 
in  1868;  was  a  member  of  the  commission  which  erected  the  soldiers' 
monument  at  Lancaster,  Pa. ;  was  a  notary  public  in  1868,  and  was  U.  S. 
Internal  Revenue  Assessor  of  the  9th  Pennsylvania  District  from  April 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  297 

7,  1869,  to  May  12,  1873;  removed  to  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  where  he  was 
editor  of  the  daily  Tribune  from  January  i,  1875,  to  May  i,  1877;  was 
Judge  of  Probate  of  Hennepin  County,  Minn.,  from  January  i,  1878,  to 
December  31,  1883;  was  senior  member  of  the  law  firm  of  Rea,  Kitchel, 
&  Shaw,  for  several  years  preceding  his  appointment  as  district  judge 
of  the  fourth  district  of  Minnesota;  was  captain  of  Company  A  of  the  ist 
regiment  Minnesota  National  Guard,  two  years,  and  since  1883  has  been 
the  commissary  general  of  the  State,  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general. 
Comrade  Rea  first  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  at  Piqua,  Ohio,  in  1866,  as  a 
charter  member,  but  was  transferred  to  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  of  Lan 
caster,  Pa.,  in  October,  1867,  and  afterwards  became  a  member  of  George 
N.  Morgan  Post,  No.  4,  department  of  Minnesota,  in  February,  1881,  and 
served  as  its  first  commander;  was  a  delegate  to  the  department  encamp 
ment  of  Ohio  in  1867;  junior  vice-commander,  chaplain,  quartermaster, 
and  commander  of  Post  No.  84,  of  Pennsylvania;  member  of  department 
council  of  administration;  senior  vice  department  commander  and  depart 
ment  commander  of  Minnesota;  and  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief, 
which  he  was  elected  at  Minneapolis  in  1884. 


JOSEPH   H.    CARRINGTON. 

Was  born  in  Princeton,  N.  J.,  January  7,  1839,  anc^  *s  by  occupation  a 
carpenter.  Enlisted  in  Company  G,  22d  New  Jersey  Volunteers,  September 
i,  1862,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  the  famous  mud  march  along 
the  Rappahannock  in  January,  1863,  and  battle  of  Chancellorsville ; 
mustered  out  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  enlistment  in  June,  1863; 
is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.;  has  been 
its  junior  vice-commander,  and  is  at  present  its  quartermaster-sergeant; 
is  a  resident  of  that  city. 

OSCAR  F.  LOCHHEAD. 

Was  born  in  Plymouth,  Wayne  County,  Mich.,  November  28,  1838; 
received  a  commercial  education;  his  occupations  have  been  book-keeper 
and  commercial  traveler.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  2d  Michigan  Volun 
teer  Infantry,  April  25,  1861;  served  as  corporal,  sergeant,  color-sergeant, 
quartermaster-sergeant,  and  sergeant-major;  was  commissioned  ist  lieu 
tenant  in  September,  1864,  and  appointed  regimental  quartermaster  in 
October  of  the  same  year;  in  the  battles  of  Blackburn  Ford,  ist  Bull  Run* 
Williamsburg,  Fair  Oaks,  Cold  Harbor,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  seven 


298  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

days'  fight  before  Richmond,  Malvern  Hill,  Vicksburg,  Knoxville,  Term., 
and  other  engagements;  mustered  out  at  Detroit,  Mich.,  July  24,  1865;  is 
a  member  of  Governor  Crapo  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Flint,  Mich. ,  where  he 
resides;  has  served  as  its  officer  of  the  day,  and  is  now  its  commander,  in 
addition  to  his  position  as  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  G.  A.  R., 
department  of  Michigan. 

JAMES   GATES. 

Born  in  Yorkshire,  England,  January  5,1836;  learned  the  trade  of  black 
smith  and  wagon-maker;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1852,  and  in  1853 
and  1854  was  in  the  Government  employ  at  Fort  Taylor,  Key  West,  Fla., 
and  assisted  in  mounting  the  first  guns  at  that  fort;  accompanied  Walker 
in  his  Central  American  expedition  in  1860,  taking  part  in  the  storming 
of  Truxillo  and  the  other  fights,  was  captured,  and  confined  at  Truxillo 
for  several  weeks  as  a  prisoner  of  war,  but  finally  released  and  with  others 
of  the  party  landed  at  New  Orleans  in  October,  1860.  On  the  secession 
of  the  State  of  Louisiana  he  was  offered  a  commission  in  a  Louisiana 
regiment  which  he  declined.  On  account  of  his  Union  sentiments  he  was 
forced  to  leave  the  State;  making  his  way  to  Springfield,  Ills.,  he  enlisted 
in  Company  G,  yth  Illinois  Volunteers,  and  at  the  end  of  the  three  months' 
service  re-enlisted  July  19,  1861,  for  three  years  in  Company  K,  gth  Illi 
nois  Volunteers;  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  December  10,  1862,  and 
promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  October  18,  1863;  engaged  in  the  battles  of 
Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  Corinth,  and  all  the  other  actions  in  which  his 
regiment  participated  until  mustered  out  at  Springfield,  Ills.,  August  20, 
1864.  At  the  battle  of  Donelson  received  three  wounds  in  the  left  shoul 
der  and  breast.  After  discharge  from  military  service  went  to  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  and  entered  the  employ  of  the  Government  in  the  railroad  service. 
Although  a  civilian  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Nashville  under  General 
Thomas;  is  a  member  of  Curtis  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Siloam  Springs,  Ben- 
ton  County,  Ark.,  and  has  been  junior  vice-department  commander. 
Resides  at  Cincinnati,  Washington  County,  Ark.,  where  he  is  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  6f  wagons  and  agricultural  implements. 

AHIMAN   V.    BOHN. 

Was-born  in  Massillon,  Ohio,  November  12,  1836;  was  in  the  railroad 
service  as  passenger  conductor,  ticket  agent,  etc.,  before  the  war.  Enlisted 
May  24,  1861,  in  Company  K  of  the  i5th  Illinois  Infantry,  in  which  he 
was  promoted  through  the  various  grades — private,  lieutenant,  brigade 
quartermaster,  and  major — the  latter  commission  bearing  date  of  June  20, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  299 

1864;  was  attached  to  the  i6th  and  iyth  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles 
at  Shiloh,  Hatchie  River,  Vicksbtirg,  Atlanta,  and  was  with  Sherman 
on  his  march  to  the  sea;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  June 
23,  1865;  since  the  war  and  until  1874  was  engaged  in  coal-mining,  as 
superintendent,  manager,  and  owner,  in  Missouri  and  Illinois,  and  since 
1878  has  been  engaged  in  silver-mining  in  Leadville,  Col.,  where  he 
resides.  Comrade  Bohn  is  a  member  of  James  A.  Garfield  Post,  (>.  A.  R., 
of  Leadville,  Col.;  served  one  term  as  post  commander,  and  was  depart 
ment  commander  in  1885;  he  is  one  of  five  brothers  who  served  in  the  war, 
two  of  whom  were  wounded  and  broken  in  health. 


A.   C.   CARTER. 

Was  born  in  Northampton  County,  Va. ;  has  been  a  coachman,  jan 
itor,  and  porter.  Enlisted  October  17,  1863,  in  the  loth  U.  S.  Colored 
Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  25th  Army  Corps; 
took  part  in  the  battles  at  Wilson's  Landing,  Petersburg,  and  others  along 
the  James  River;  was  wounded  at  Dutch  Gap  in  1864;  was  honorably 
discharged  after  the  war.  Comrade  Carter  joined  Shaw  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
department  of  Virginia,  in  1867,  and  served  as  adjutant  for  three  years; 
was  then  transferred  to  Calloux  Post,  of  Norfolk,  Va. ,  of  which  post  he  is 
a  past  commander. 

MILTON    S.  CATLETT. 

Was  born  in  Berkeley  County,  Va.,  December  7,  1817,  and  is  by 
occupation  a  carpenter.  Enlisted  in  Estes'  Battery,  8th  Indiana  Artillery, 
November  16,  1861,  and  served  as  a  sergeant;  belonged  to  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland;  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Corinth,  luka,  Huntsville, 
McMinnville,  Munfordville,  Perryville,  and  Stone  River,  where  he  was 
badly  wounded,  a  fragment  of  shell  striking  him  on  spine,  in  consequence 
of  which,  after  some  months  in  hospital,  on  surgeon's  certificate  of  dis 
ability,  he  was  discharged  from  service  September  25,  1863.  Is  a  member 
of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  where  he  resides.  Com 
rade  Catlett  is  also  a  veteran  of  the  Mexican  War. 

RANDOLPH   E.    SLAWSON. 

Born  in  the  town  of  Brockton,  Chautauqua  County,  N.  Y.,  March  2, 
1843;  nas  been  engaged  in  fanning  and  mining;  is  at  present  the  agent  at 
Oakland,  Cal.,  of  an  agricultural  implement  house  in  Davenport,  Neb. 
Enlisted  in  Company  C,  95th  Illinois  Volunteers,  August  8,  1862,  and 
served  as  a  private  and  corporal ;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  4th  Division, 


300 

1 7th  Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  siege  and  battles  of  Vicksburg, 
Grand  Gulf,  Raymond,  Champion  Hills,  Natchez,  Red  River  expedition, 
Fort  DeRussy,  Old  River,  Clontierville,  Mansnra,  La.,  Yellow  Bayou, 
Gtintown,  Miss.,  campaign  against  Price  in  Missouri  in  the  fall  of  1864; 
at  Nashville,  Mobile,  Ala.,  siege  of  Spanish  Fort  and  charge  on  works 
April  8,  1865,  and  Fort  Blakely;  was  wounded  in  head  by  musket-ball  at 
Vicksburg  May  22,  1862;  mustered  out  at  Springfield,  Ills.,  August  16, 
1865;  is  a  member  of  J.  B.  Manzer  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Harvard,  McHenry 
County,  Ills.  In  1866  emigrated  to  Montana,  and  for  eighteen  years  was 
engaged  in  mining,  then  entered  into  the  hardware  business  with  his 
brother  at  Davenport,  Neb. 

JOHN    C.    FRIEND. 

Was  born  July  16,  1847,  ^n  Chandlerville,  Cass  County,  Ills.;  has 
been  a  telegraph  operator  and  miner,  and  is  at  present  a  journalist. 
Enlisted  August  3,  1863,  in  Company  G  of  the  nth  Ohio  Cavalry,  and 
served  with  that  regiment  as  private  and  as  corporal  until  July  21,  1866, 
the  date  of  his  honorable  discharge  at  Fort  Laramie,  Wy.  Ty ;  took  part  in 
the  battle  with  Indians  at  Platte  Bridge  in  July,  1865;  was  one  of  those 
who  went  out  and  carried  in  the  dead  under  a  heavy  fire.  Comrade  Friend 
is  a  member  and  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  C.  W.  Collins  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
at  Rawlins,  Wy.  Ty.,  where  he  resides;  has  served  as  adjutant  and  com 
mander  of  his  post;  in  1871  he  served  in  the  lower  house  of  the  Wyoming 
Legislature,  and  in  1873  and  1877  in  the  upper  house,  or  council;  is  now 
postmaster  and  editor,  and  manager  of  the  Carbon  County  Journal,  at 
Rawlins;  has  been  secretary  of  the  Wyoming  Press  Association  ever  since 
its  organization  three  years  ago;  is  at  present  city  clerk  at  his  place  of 
residence. 

PHILIP   CHEEK,   JR. 

Was  born  May  n,  1841,  in  Silverton,  Somersetshire,  England;  was 
a  fanner  before  the  war.  Enlisted  April  26,  1861,  in  Company  A  of  the 
6th  Wisconsin  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the 
famous  Iron  Brigade  of  the  5th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Gainesville,  second  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain, 
and  Antietam;  in  the  latter  engagement  was  severely  wounded  in  the 
ankle  by  the  bursting  of  a  shell,  and  as  a  consequence  was  honorably 
discharged  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  December  27,  1862.  He  has  never 
fully  recovered  from  this  injury.  After  discharge  studied  law,  and  is  now 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  at  Barlow,  Wis.  Comrade  Cheek 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  301 

is  a  charter  member  of  Joe  Hooker  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Wis 
consin;  was  commander  of  his  post  two  years,  department  commander 
of  Wisconsin  1883-84,  and  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  department 
1885-86.  Was  deputy  provost  marshal  of  the  3d  District  of  Wisconsin 
from  November  16,  1863,  until  the  close  of  the  war;  clerk  of  the  court  of 
Sank  County  six  years,  and  district  attorney  of  same  for  five  years. 

EVERETT  W.    FOSTER. 

Was  born  in  Belchertown,  Hampshire  County,  Mass.,  March  17,1835; 
received  an  academic  education,  and  before  the  war  was  engaged  in  the 
occupation  of  land  surveyor.  Enlisted  in  Company  G,  3d  Minnesota 
Infantry,  October  23,  1861,  as  a  private;  was  commissioned  captain 
November  6,  1861,  major,  July  15,  1863,  and  lieutenant-colonel,  April  15, 
1864;  belonged  to  the  yth  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Murfrees- 
boro,  Tenn. ,  Fitzhugh's  Woods,  Ark.,  Little  Rock,  siege  of  Vicksburg, 
and  other  engagements;  was  captured  at  Murfreesboro,  and  was  a  prisoner 
of  war  for  three  months  before  being  exchanged;  resigned  from  service 
at  Duvall's  Bluff,  Ark.,  May  22,  1865;  engaged  in  cotton-planting  in 
Arkansas  for  three  years;  afterwards  moved  to  Louisiana  and  was  sur 
veyor-general  of  that  State  from  1870  to  1874;  is  at  present  a  wheat- 
raiser  in  Dakota  Ty. ,  and  a  dealer  in  agricultural  machinery  in  Frankfort, 
Spink  County;  is  a  member  of  Sol.  Meredith  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  that 
place,  and  has  been  its  junior  and  senior  vice-commander  and  commander; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  2oth  national  encampment  which  met  at  San  Fran 
cisco. 

DAVID    F.   CHADEAYNE. 

Was  born  at  Patchogue,  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  October  15,  1842,  and 
at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  was  a  carpenter's  apprentice.  Enlisted  in 
Company  A,  loth  Connecticut  Volunteers,  September  21,  1861,  and  at 
the  expiration  of  his  term  of  service  re-enlisted  in  the  same  regiment,  and 
was  made  ist  sergeant  of  Company  H;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  New 
Berne,  N.  C.,  Kinston,  White  Hall,  Goldsborough  Bridge,  Washington, 
N.  C.,  Ransomville,  James  Island,  S.  C.,  Fort  Wagner,  siege  of  Charles 
ton,  Bermuda  Hundred,  Va.,  Petersburg,  Drewry's  Bluff,  Deep  Bottom, 
Darby  town  Road  (first  and  second  battles),  Chapin's  Farm,  New  Market 
Road,  siege  of  Petersburg,  and  assault  on  Fort  Gregg  April  2,  1865,  in 
which  action  he  received  a  gunshot  wound  in  the  head ;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  the  service  at  Hartford,  Conn.,  August  17,  1865.  Com 
rade  Chadeayne,  after  the  war,  located  in  Birmingham,  Conn.,  where  he 


302  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

still  resides,  and  is  a  dealer  in  pianos,  organs,  and  other  musical  instru 
ments.  He  is  a  member  of  Kellogg  Post,  G.  A.  R.;  was  for  two  years  its 
quartermaster,  and  the  same  length  of  time  post  commander;  in  1885  was 
inspector  on  the  staff  of  Department  Commander  Sloat,  and  a  delegate 
from  Connecticut  to  the  twentieth  national  encampment,  which  met  at 
San  Francisco  August  2,  1886. 

GEORGE  S.  EVANS. 

Born  in  Cardigan,  Wales,  September  12,  1841;  came  to  America 
when  eight  years  of  age;  learned  the  trade  of  printer  in  Montreal,  Canada, 
after  which  removed  to  Cambridge,  Mass.,  where  he  worked  at  the  River 
side  Press  book  printing  establishment  until  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Com 
pany  G,  56th  Massachusetts  Volunteers,  January  18,  1864;  was  afterwards 
promoted  to  corporal,  and  sergeant;  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division, 
9th  Army  Corps;  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania  Court 
house,  North  Anna,  Cold  Harbor,  battle  of  the  Mine,  Weldon  Railroad, 
Poplar  Springs  Church,  Hatcher's  Run,  siege  and  capture  of  Petersburg; 
mustered  out  of  service  July,  1865.  Comrade  Evans  has  been  a  member 
of  William  H.  Smart  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Cambridgeport,  Mass.,  and  has 
held  many  positions  in  the  post,  including  that  of  commander;  he  was  a 
member  of  the  department  council  of  administration  two  years,  senior 
vice-department  commander,  and  in  1883  was  department  commander, 
also  two  years  a  member  of  the  national  council  of  administration,  and 
senior  aid-de-camp  to  Commander- in-Chief  Louis  Wagner.  Since  1872 
has  been  employed  in  the  railway  mail  service,  and  is  now  a  chief  clerk  at 
Boston,  Mass. 

JOHN   G.   BERRY. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city,  December  13,  1838,  and  before  the  Civil 
War  was  engaged  in  farming  and  mining  on  Lake  Superior,  Michigan. 
Enlisted  in  Company  A,  i6th  Michigan  Infantry,  August  3,  1861,  for 
three  years,  and  at  the  expiration  of  term  of  service  re-enlisted  for  the 
war  in  the  same  company  and  regiment;  served  as  a  private,  corporal, 
sergeant,  ist  lieutenant,  and  captain;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  ist 
Division,  5th  Army  Corps,  and  was  in  all  the  battles  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  after  August  3,  1861,  to  the  surrender  at  Appomattox,  with  the 
exception  of  Fair  Oaks,  the  5th  Corps  at  that  time  being  engaged  in  action 
at  Hanover  Court-house;  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg  in 
the  right  arm  by  a  minie-bullet;  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  at 
the  close  of  the  war;  since  then  has  been  a  clerk  in  a  large  wholesale 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  303 

hardware  house  at  Detroit,  Mich. ;  engaged  at  that  place  in  the  real  estate 
business;  afterwards  removed  to  Berry ville,  Otsego  County,  Mich.,  his 
present  residence,  and  engaged  in  a  mercantile,  lumber,  and  saw-mill 
business;  is  a  member  of  General  Marker  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Vanderbilt, 
Mich.;  was  its  first  commander  and  held  the  position  for  two  years;  is  also 
president  of  the  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Association  of  northern  Michigan;  was 
elected  an  alternate  delegate  to  the  twentieth  national  encampment  at  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

DUNCAN  H.  MCDONALD. 

Was  born  in  the  province  of  Wellington,  Canada  West,  April  26, 
1835,  and  is  by  occupation  a  locomotive  engineer.  Enlisted  in  Company 
B,  ist  Ohio  Cavalry,  October  19,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  in  the 
battles  of  Missionary  Ridge  and  Knoxville,  took  part  in  General  Stone- 
man's  cavalry  raid  to  Macon,  Ga. ;  with  General  Sherman  from  Chatta 
nooga  to  Atlanta,  and  present  at  the  siege  of  the  latter  place,  in  the 
march  to  the  sea  and  through  the  Carolinas,  and  in  all  the  attendant 
engagements.  Mustered  out  at  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  October  19,  1864,  by 
reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service;  is  a  member  of  Warren  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

JOHN    H.    MEASURE. 

Was  born  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  April  3,  1850;  his  occupations  have  been 
farmer  and  teamster.  Enlisted  at  the  age  of  fourteen  years  and  six  months 
as  a  private  in  Company  K,  28th  Michigan  Volunteers,  October  8,  1864; 
belonged  to  the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  23d  Army  Corps;  first  served  in 
Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  taking  part  in  the  battle  of  Nashville ;  the  regi 
ment  was  then  transferred  to  the  department  of  North  Carolina;  was  pres 
ent  at  the  battle  of  Kinston,  N.  C.,  in  which  he  received  a  slight  wound 
in  the  hand,  his  father,  who  was  a  member  of  the  same  company,  being 
at  the  same  time  severely  wounded  in  the  head;  mustered  out  of  service 
in  June,  1866;  is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento, 
Cal.,  and  has  been  its  junior  vice-commander;  is  a  resident  of  that  city. 

WILLIAM   B.  DAVIS. 

Was  born  in  Hocking  County,  Ohio,  June  17,  1844;  his  occupations 
in  life  have  been  those  of  book-keeper  and  merchant.  Enlisted  in  Com 
pany  G,  1 8th  Ohio  Volunteers  (three  months'  service),  June  4,  1861; 
re -enlisted  in  i8th  Ohio  Volunteers  on  its  reorganization  as  a  three  years' 
regiment,  September  26,  1861,  serving  as  a  musician;  was  in  the  Army  of 


304  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Ohio  in  the  Green  River  campaign,  and  up  to  the  evacuation  of  Bowling 
Green,  Ky.;  in  consequence  of  the  disbandment  of  the  regimental  bands, 
was  mustered  out  March  10,  1862.  Enlisted  for  the  third  time  in  Com 
pany  H,  8yth  Ohio  Volunteers,  and  was  made  prisoner  at  Harper's  Ferry, 
Va.,  on  the  surrender  of  that  place  by  Colonel  Dixon  S.  Miles,  2d  U.  S. 
Infantry,  the  commanding  officer;  exchanged,  and  mustered  out  at  Camp 
Delaware,  Ohio,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service,  October  5, 

1862.  Is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  his 
place  of  residence. 

LAMONT  W.  ESTES. 

Was  born  in  Pontiac,  Mich.,  July  31,  1845,  and  is  by  occupation  a 
machinist.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  i6th  New  York  Cavalry,  May  14, 

1863,  and  served  as  a  corporal  and  sergeant;  was  attached  to  the  22d 
Army  Corps,  which  had  charge  of  the  defenses  of  Washington  city;  was 
constantly  engaged  in  skirmishing  with    Mosby's    guerrillas  and  other 
detachments  of  the  rebel  forces;   ranged  the  country  from  Alexandria, 
Va.,  to  Frederick,   Md.,  and  on  the  upper  Potomac  River;  was  several 
months  at  Centerville,  Va.,  operating  in  all  directions;  it  was  picket  and 
scouting  duty  of  the  most  exhaustive  character;  was  over  fifty  times  under 
fire;  mustered  out  at  Alexandria,  Va.,  June  22,  1865.     Is  a  member  of 
Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

JOHN   A.    SNELLING. 

Was  born  in  Tuscarawas  County,  Ohio,  in  1832;  has  been  a  school 
teacher  and  is  at  present  a  farmer;  enlisted  in  nth  Illinois  Volunteers 
April  24,  1862,  and  served  as  a  private  until  March,  1863,  when  he  was 
commissioned  as  2d  lieutenant;  belonged  to  the  brigade  commanded  by 
General  G.  M.  Dodge;  was  in  the  battle  of  Corinth  and  numerous  other 
engagements  and  skirmishes  in  Mississippi  aad  Alabama;  honorably  dis 
charged  at  Chattanooga,  Tenn. ,  at  the  close  of  the  war  in  the  spring  of 
1865;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Andrew  Post,  at  Wahoo,  Saunders  County, 
Neb.,  in  the  neighborhood  of  which  place  he  resides. 

JETHRO   T.  McCULLOUGH. 

Was  born  in  Cecil  County,  Maryland,  June  30, 1841;  has  been  a  stearn 
engineer  and  is  at  present  a  farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  2d  Delaware 
Infantry,  May  12, 1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  honorably  discharged,  by 
expiration  of  term  of  service,  June  24,  1864;  re-enlisted  in  the  i95th 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  and  was  commissioned  as  2d  lieutenant  of 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  305 

Company  D,  February  14,  1865;  belonged  to  the  4th  Brigade,  2d  Division, 
2d  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Fair  Oaks,  Games'  Mills,  Chantilly, 
Malvern  Hill,  Chancellorsville,  Wilderness,  Cold  Harbor,  Spottsylvania 
Court-house,  and  siege  of  Petersburg;  was  taken  prisoner  at  Chancellors 
ville,  May  3,  1863;  mustered  out  with  regiment  at  close  of  war  in  the 
spring  of  1865;  is  a  member  of  James  A.  Garfield  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  town  of 
Rising  Sun,  Cecil  County,  Md.,  near  which  place  he  resides;  has  filled  all 
the  offices  in'the  post,  including  that  of  commander,  and  is  the  senior  vice- 
department  commander  of  Maryland. 

A.  S.   HOPKINS. 

Was  born  in  Cambridge,  Lamoille  County,  Vt,  March  21,  1837;  his 
occupations  in  life  have  been  teacher  and  merchant.  Enlisted  in  Company 
H,  ist  Vermont  Infantry  Volunteers,  May  i,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private; 
was  stationed  at  Fortress  Monroe,  Va. ,  under  the  command  of  General 
Butler;  was  at  the  capture  of  Hampton,  Va. ,  and  assisted  in  fortifying 
Newport  News;  served  on  the  lower  end  of  Peninsula  until  expiration  of 
the  three  months'  term  of  service;  mustered  out  on  August  u,  1861,  at 
Brattleboro,  Vt.,  shortly  afterwards  came  to  California;  was  ist  lieu 
tenant  of  the  Maine  Prairie  Rifles  of  Solano  County,  organized  for  home 
guard  purposes;  was  justice  of  the  peace  in  Solano  County  for  twenty 
years;  is  a  trustee  of  the  Sacramento  City  Public  Library;  president  of  the 
Northern  California  Immigration  Society ;  a  director  of  Board  of  Trade  of 
Sacramento,  and  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  that  city. 

JOHN    C.   S.   BURGER. 

Was  born  in  Washington  city,  D.  C.,  December  26,  1840;  his  parents 
removed  to  New  York  city  in  his  early  youth,  where  he  resided  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  Rebellion.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  7 ist  Regiment,  New 
York  State  Militia,  for  three  months,  and  was  engaged  in  the  first  battle 
of  Bull  Run  the  very  day  his  term  of  service  expired.  Re-enlisted  in 
Company  K,  i33d  New  York  Volunteers;  was  severely  wounded  before 
Port  Hudson,  La.,  in  May,  1863,  and  after  recovery  was  transferred  to 
Company  I,  i2th  Regiment,  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  in  which  he  served 
out  his  time  of  enlistment,  and  was  honorably  discharged  the  service  Sep 
tember  25,  1865.  Entered  the  civil  service  of  the  Government  immedi 
ately  after  his  discharge,  where  he  has  ever  since  been  employed,  with  the 
exception  of  three  and  a  half  years.  Is  a  graduate  of  law  department  of 
Georgetown  College,  and  since  his  connection  with  the  Grand  Army  of 

u 


3IH5  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  Republic  has  occupied  the  positions  of  adjutant,  senior  vice-com 
mander,  and  commander  of  Kit  Carson  Post  at  Washington  city,  and 
assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  department  of  the  Potomac  during  the 
last  half  of  the  year  1885;  is  at  present  department  inspector.  The 
department  commander,  N.  M.  Brooks,  at  the  eighteenth  annual  encamp 
ment  of  the  department  of  the  Potomac,  held  in  Washington  city  January 
21,  1886,  in  speaking  pf  his  conduct  as  assistant  adjutant-general,  said: 
"For  the  intelligent  performance  of  duty,  for  unremitting  industry,  untir 
ing  perseverance,  for  accuracy,  punctuality,  and  all  the  virtues  which  go 
to  make  up  a  good  officer,  comrade  Burger  has,  in  my  opinion,  had  no 
superior  in  the  office  he  now  holds."  The  committee  on  commander's 
address  recommended  that  additional  compensation  be  made  uas  a  recog 
nition  of  such  services."  The  committee  on  reports  of  officers  declared 
that  "the  effective  work  of  Assistant  Adjutant-General  Burger  cannot  be 
too  highly  praised,"  and  Inspector-General  Argus  D.  Vanosdol,  in  his 
report  to  the  national  encampment,  G.  A.  R.,  held  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in 
August,  1886,  says:  "The  written  report  of  Department  Inspector  Burger 
evinces  a  thorough  practical  knowledge  of  the  duties  of  his  position,  and 
the  same  have  been  admirably  discharged  by  him  in  improvement  of  post 
work  and  discipline." 

T.   S.  PECK. 

Theodore  Safford  Peck  was  born  in  Burlington,  Vt,  March  22,  1843; 
enlisted  September  i,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private  in  the  ist  Vermont 
Cavalry;  July  9,  1862,  was  promoted  to  regimental  quartermaster-sergeant 
of  the  9th  Vermont  Infantry;  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  January  i, 
1863,  and  July  i,  1864,  was  appointed  ist  lieutenant;  was  commissioned 
February  25,  1865,  as  captain  and  assistant  qiiartermaster;  was  present 
and  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Middletown,  Winchester,  and  the  siege  of 
Suffolk ;  in  the  skirmishes  of  Nansemond  and  Blackwater  rivers,  and 
was  with  General  Dix  in  the  raids  on  the  peninsula  between  Yorktown 
and  Richmond;  took  part  in  the  action  at  Newport  Barracks  and  in  the 
raids  on  Swansboro  and  Jacksonville;  in  1864  was  on  duty  with  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  before  Petersburg,  and  in  the  trenches  before 
Bermuda  Hundred;  was  present  at  the  assault  on  Fort  Harrison  and  in 
its  defense  the  next  day;  his  regiment  also  took  part  in  the  second  battle 
at  Fair  Oaks  in  1864;  was  ordered  with  his  command  to  New  York  at 
the  time  of  the  riots;  returning  to  the  Army  of  the  James,  was  present 
at  the  siege  and  surrender  of  Richmond;  during  this  varied  sendee  of 
nearly  four  years  was  attached  to  the  ist,  3d,  gth,  i8th,  and  24th  Army 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  307 

Corps  in  the  armies  of  the  Potomac  and  the  James;  after  the  close  of 
the  war  was  offered  two  commissions  in  the  Regular  Army,  bnt  declin 
ing  both,  returned  to  Vermont  and  was  appointed  chief  of  the  Governor's 
staff  with  the  rank  of  colonel;  was  afterwards  colonel  of  the  ist  Infantry 
Regiment  of  the  Vermont  National  Guard;  was  the  third  veteran  soldier 
in  Vermont  to  join  the  G.  A.  R.;  was  a  charter  member  of  Stannard 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Burlington;  was  assistant  adjutant -general  of  that 
department  in  1869;  in  1872  senior  vice-commander,  and  in  1876  and 
1877  department  commander;  in  1881  was  appointed  by  Governor  Farn- 
ham  adjutant  and  inspector-general,  and  has  since  then  been  twice  elected 
to  the  same  position  without  opposition.  In  1869  was  an  insurance  agent; 
he  now  represents  fire,  life,  marine,  and  accident  insurance  companies; 
with  an  extensive  business  throughout  Vermont  and  Canada. 


CHARLES    HENRY    DOE. 

Is  a  native  of  Penobscot  County,  Me.,  and  is  a  carpenter.  Enlisted 
July  i,  1863,  in  the  9th  Kansas  Cavalry;  served  as  a  sergeant;  belonged 
to  the  7th  Army  Corps;  on  frontier  duty  during  most  of  the  time  of  his 
enlistment;  was  engaged  in  several  skirmishes  with  the  command  of  Jeff 
Thompson,  Quantrell's  men,  Joe  Shelby's,  and  other  guerrilla  parties  on 
the  borders  of  Missouri,  Kansas,  and  Arkansas;  when  not  scouting,  was 
employed  in  guarding  supply- trains  to  the  general  depot  at  Fort  Smith, 
Ark.;  mustered  out  July  17,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Governor  Morton 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Calistoga,  Cal.,  and  is  at  present  a  resident  of  Oak 
land,  Cal. 

PERRY    STARKWEATHER. 

Was  born  in  Oakland  County,  Mich.,  November  20,  1845,  and  was 
raised  a  fanner's  boy.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  gth  Michigan  Volunteer 
Infantry,  August  15,  1861,  at  Detroit,  being  the  youngest  of  five  brothers 
then  in  the  service.  His  regiment  was  sent  to  join  the  western  army 
then  organizing  in  Kentucky,  and  was  in  continuous  service  until  the  war 
closed,  being  most  of  the  time  in  the  i4th  Army  Corps  and  participating 
in  all  the  battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland.  Young  Starkweather 
was  promoted  to  sergeant,  and  when  mustered  out  September  15,  1865,  at 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  was  the  ist  sergeant  of  his  company;  had  been  then 
in  the  service  over  four  years,  and  had  never  missed  a  march  or  a  battle 
in  which  his  regiment  was  engaged.  When  discharged  was  not  nineteen 
years  of  age.  Since  the  war  has  been  mate  and  pilot  on  steamers  between 
Buffalo  and  Chicago,  and  was  for  ten  years  employed  in  the  post-office 


308  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

at  Detroit,  Mich.  In  May,  1882,  removed  to  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  and  estab 
lished  the  St.  Paul  Knitting  Works  for  the  manufacture  of  fine  woolen- 
knit  goods,  and  is  vice-president  of  the  company  operating  the  mills.  By 
transfer  from  Garfield  Post  became  a  charter  member  of  Winthrop  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  on  its  organization;  is  its  quartermaster  and 
for  two  years  has  been  a  member  of  the  Minnesota  department  council 
of  administration.  At  the  national  encampment  held  at  Portland,  Me., 
in  1885,  was  elected  a  member  of  the  national  council  of  administration. 
His  wife,  Mrs.  Mary  E.  Starkweather,  is  a  department  president  of  the 
Woman's  Relief  Corps. 

JOHN    B.    HUEBSCHMAN. 

Was  born  in  the  kingdom  of  Bavaria,  February  15,  1837,  and  has 
been  a  miner  and  engaged  in  the  drug  business;  first  enlisted  in  the  spring 
of  1862  in  Company  G,  ist  Regiment  of  Washington  Territory  Volun 
teers,  after  discharge  from  which,  enlisted  in  Company  C,  4th  California 
Infantry ;  served  as  a  private ;  was  on  escort  duty  and  guarding  trains  in 
Arizona;  mustered  out  February  21,  1866;  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

M.    B.    HARE. 

Was  born  July  30,  1844,  in  Carey,  Ohio;  has  been  a  farmer  and  tele 
grapher,  and  is  at  present  a  railroad  agent.  Enlisted  February  4,  1864,  ^n 
the  49th  Ohio  Regiment,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  ist 
Brigade,  3d  Division,  4th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  engagements  at  Rocky 
Face  Ridge,  Resaca,  Pickett's  Mills,  Lost  Mountain,  Atlanta,  Jonesboro, 
and  others;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  June  25,  1865. 
Comrade  Hare  is  a  member  of  Thomas  lyilley  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Georges- 
ville,  Ohio,  his  place  of  residence. 

H.    H.    LINNELL. 

Was  born  August  13,  1840,  in  Monroe  County,  N.  Y. ;  has  been  a 
hardware  salesman  and  merchant.  Enlisted  May  10,  1861,  in  Company 
D  of  the  5th  Wisconsin  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private,  corporal,  quar 
termaster-sergeant,  and  .ist  lieutenant — commission  bearing  date  of  July 
2,  1864;  was  attached  to  the  6th  Army  Corps,  and  served  in  various 
brigades  in  the  ist  and  2d  divisions  of  that  corps;  re-enlisted  as  a  veteran 
February  16,  1864;  was  a  participant  in  the  engagements  and  battles  at 
Lewinsville,  Lee's  Mills,  Yorktown,  Williamsburg,  Golden's  Farm,  Savage 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  309 

Station,  White  Oak  Swamp,  Malvern  Hill,  Harrison's  Landing,  second 
Bull  Rim,  Cromp  tons'  Gap,  Antietam,  Chancellorsville,  Cold  Harbor, 
Opequon,  Hatcher's  Run,  attack  on  Petersburg,  and  the  battles  during  the 
campaign  preliminary  to  the  surrender  of  General  Lee;  was  slightly 
wounded  in  ear  at  Lee's  Mills,  Va.,  and  in  nose  at  Williamsburg;  also 
severely  in  right  foot  at  Opequon;  at  the  time  of  the  capture  of  Peters 
burg,  and  subsequently,  was  serving  on  the  staff  of  General  Frank  Wheaton; 
was  honorably  discharged  July  n,  1865.  Comrade  Linnell  is  a  member 
of  Sunmer  Post,  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  of  which  place  he  is  at  present  a 
resident. 

JOSHUA    PECKHAM. 

Was  born  at  Newport,  R.  L,  August  15,  1839;  has  been  a  merchant; 
is  at  present  a  lumberman.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  25th  Illinois  Volun 
teers,  June  4,  1 86 1,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  on  duty  with  his  regiment 
in  the  military  department  of  Missouri  guarding  railroads  and  bridges 
and  operating  against  the  forces  under  the  rebel  general  Price;  constant 
exposure  to  wet  and  cold  brought  on  a  violent  attack  of  rheumatism,  and 
after  lingering  some  months  in  hospital,  there  being  no  prospect  of  regain 
ing  his  health  sufficient  to  render  him  fit  for  active  duty,  comrade  Peck- 
ham  was  discharged  from  service  in  February,  1862,  on  surgeon's  certificate 
of  disability;  in  1880  he  came  to  California;  is  a  resident  of  San  Jose,  and 
a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  that  place. 


JAMES   K.  SECORD. 

Was  born  in  Ontario,  Canada  West,  July  15,  1835;  is  a  physician  and 
surgeon;  was  educated  at  St.  Catherine's  Academy,  Canada,  and  was  a 
student  of  medicine  at  Russ  College,  Chicago,  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil 
War;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  F,  yyth  Illinois  Volunteers,  August 
22,  1862;  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  September  2,  1862;  pro 
moted  to  ist  lieutenant  March  28,  1863,  and  to  captain  March  17,  1864; 
belonged  to  ist  Brigade,  4th  Division,  i3th  Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in 
battles  of  Arkansas  Post,  Port  Gibson,  Champion  Hills,  Black  River 
Bridge,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  from  May  i8th  to  its  capture,  July  4,  1863, 
at  Jackson,  Miss.,  Sabine  Cross-roads,  Pleasant  Hill,  Cane  River,  forts 
James  and  Morgan,  capture  of  Spanish  Fort  and  Fort  Blakely;  honorably 
discharged  from  service  July  16,  1865;  on  return  to  civil  life  comrade 
Secord  resumed  the  study  of  medicine  and  surgery;  was  graduated  from 
Russ  College  in  1867,  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Illinois  for  two  years; 
his  health  failing  on  account  of  disease  contracted  in  the  army,  and  for 


310  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

which  he  draws  a  pension,  he  went  to  Texas  and  finally  came  to  California 
in  the  hopes  of  regaining  his  strength ;  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  drug 
business  and  practice  of  his  profession  at  San  Jose";  is  a  member  of  John 
A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  that  place,  to  which  he  was  transferred  from 
Dan  McCook  G.  A.  R.  Post,  at  Ellsworth,  Ills.,  and  of  which  he  had  been 
adjutant  and  inspector. 


MARION    T.  ANDERSON. 

Was  born  in  Clarksburg,  Decatur  County,  Ind.,  November  13,  1839, 
and  until  the  outbreak  of  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  was  raised  principally 
on  a  farm;  was  educated  partly  in  the  public  schools;  attended  the  high 
school  at  Kokoma,  Ind.,  after  which  he  entered  the  Northwestern  Chris 
tian  University  at  Indianapolis,  which  he  left  to  enlist  as  a  private  in 
Company  C,  yth  Indiana  Volunteers,  April  22,  1861 — a  three  months' 
service  regiment.  On  his  discharge  he  re-entered  the  university  and 
resumed  his  studies  for  a  time.  Re-enlisted  in  Company  D,  5ist  Indiana 
Volunteers,  October  i,  1861;  served  as  company  clerk,  orderly-sergeant, 
and  sergeant-major;  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  April  30,  1862,  and  cap 
tain  December  n,  1862;  during  the  summer  and  fall  of  1864  acted  as 
major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel  of  his  regiment,  and  as  such  up  to 
his  leaving  the  service,  June  16,  1865;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of  Ohio, 
Army  of  the  Cumberland,  i4th,  4th,.  and  2ist  Army  Corps,  ist  and  2d 
Brigades;  at  the  battles  of  Philippi,  Laurel  Hill,  Carrick's  Ford,  Shiloh, 
Corinth,  Perry ville,  Stone  River,  La  Vergne,  Davis  Mountain,  Sand 
Mountain,  Blount's  Farm,  Dal  ton,  Pulaski,  Franklin,  and  Nashville; 
was  wounded  three  times — the  first  time  by  the  explosion  of  a  shell  at 
Stone  River,  which  caused  concussion  of  the  brain,  rendered  him  insensi 
ble  for  thirty-six  hours,  and  laid  him  up  for  several  months;  the  second 
at  Davis  Mountain,  Ala.,  where  he  was  hit  by  a  minie-ball  on  the  left  side 
of  the  neck,  and  the  third  at  Nashville,  by  a  slug  through  the  hips  and 
the  lower  portion  of  the  spine;  was  captured  near  Rome,  Ga.,  in  the  raid 
under  General  Abel  D.  Streight  to  the  rear  of  the  rebel  general  Bragg' s 
army,  and  taken  to  Libby  Prison,  Richmond,  Va. ;  while  there  with  other 
Union  captains,  prisoners  of  war,  was,  by  order  of  the  rebel  general 
Winder,  in  charge  of  prisoners,  compelled  to  draw  lots  as  one  of  two 
officers  to  be  selected  for  execution  in  retaliation  in  case  of  capital  pun 
ishment  by  the  Union  forces  of  two  rebel  officers,  captured  under  circum 
stances  which  it  was  deemed  did  not  entitle  them  to  the  usual  usages  of 
war;  the  occasion  was  that  in  which  captains  Flynn  and  Sawyer  were  the 
officers  who  drew  the  black  beans,  though  fortunately  their  threatened 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  311 

execution  was  not  carried  into  effect.  Comrade  Anderson  eventually 
escaped  from  the  hospital -room,  to  which  he  had  been  sent  through  sick 
ness  feigned  for  that  purpose,  and  after  many  hazardous  risks  of  recapture, 
in  a  few  days  reached  the  Union  lines;  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Chatta 
nooga;  re-enlisted  as  a  veteran  with  350  of  his  men,  and  went  in  command 
of  them  home  on  furlough;  was  tendered  the  lieutenant-colonelcy  of  the 
1 4 ad  Indiana  Volunteers,  but  declined,  deeming  it  his  duty  to  remain 
with  his  old  regiment.  At  the  close  of  the  war,  was  twice  tendered  a 
commission  of  ist  lieutenant  in  the  Regular  Army  of  the  United  States, 
but  owing  to  his  disabled  condition,  in  consequence  of  his  severe  wounds, 
declined  on  both  occasions. 

After  leaving  the  army,  was  superintendent  of  a  large  farm  in  western 
Illinois;  then  engaged  in  the  drug  business  at  Red  Oak,  la.,  at  which 
place  was  postmaster  for  several  years;  resigned  from  office  and  gave  up 
business,  and  went  to  the  mountains  for  a  year  in  the  endeavor  to  regain 
his  health,  at  the  end  of  which  time  received  the  appointment,  which  he 
now  holds,  of  clerk  in  office  of  chief  of  engineers,  U.  S.  Army;  is  a 
member  of  Lincoln  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  department  of  the  Potomac,  at  Wash 
ington  city,  and  was  aid-de-camp  on  staff  of  Commander-in-Chief  Burdett. 


JAMES  J.   HEALY. 

Was  born  in  County  Kerry,  Ireland,  March  6,  1848,  and  was  but  nine 
months  old  when  his  parents  emigrated  to  the  United  States;  attended 
public  school  at  Chicago,  the  University  of  Notre  Dame,  South  Bend, 
Ind.,  for  two  years,  and  then  was  transferred  to  the  University  of  St. 
Mary's  at  Chicago;  while  he  was  a  student  at  the  last-mentioned  insti 
tution  of  learning  enlisted  at  the  age  of  sixteen  in  Company  G,  i32d 
Illinois  Infantry  in  May,  1864,  in  which  regiment  he  served  in  the  depart 
ment  of  Kentucky,  being  on  duty  at  Paducah  and  in  that  vicinity  until 
the  invasion  of  Missouri  by  the  rebel  general  Price,  when  it  formed  a 
portion  of  the  forces  sent  to  that  State  in  the  operations  against  Price ;  was 
mustered  out  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service,  October  17,  1864; 
enlisted  in  1866  in  Company  C,  32d  United  States  Infantry;  served  three 
years  in  the  Territory  Of  Arizona;  was  promoted  to  corporal,  sergeant,  and 
ist  sergeant  of  his  company;  in  the  reorganization  in  1869,  by  the  con 
solidation  of  the  2 ist  and  32d  regiments  of  infantry,  became  ist  sergeant 
of  Company  C,  2 ist  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  was  honorably  discharged  as  such, 
May  12,  1869;  was  wounded  in  left  leg  by  an  arrow,  in  a  fight  with 
Indians  at  Grief  Hill,  Arizona,  while  commanding  the  guard  to  a  supply- 
train  en  route  to  Camp  Verde,  Arizona;  returned  to  Chicago  after  discharge 


312  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

and  on  the  recommendation  of  General  Sheridan  was  placed  on  the  police 
force  of  that  city;  was  appointed  to  a  clerkship  in  the  registry  depart 
ment  of  the  Chicago  post-office,  from  which  he  resigned  to  accept  a  deputy 
clerkship  in  the  superior  court  of  Cook  County,  Ills. ;  the  position  which 
he  holds  at  present  being  chancery  default  record  writer  and  minute  clerk 
for  Judge  Gwynn  Garnett,  chancellor  of  the  superior  court.  Comrade 
Healy  has  been  a  member  of  Ransom  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Chicago,  and 
was  for  two  years  the  senior  vice-commander  of  that  post;  is  at  present  a 
member  of  General  U.  S.  Grant  Post,  No.  28,  department  of  Illinois; 
attended  the  national  encampment  at  Minneapolis,  Minn. ,  and  at  Portland, 
Me.,  as  aid  to  Commander-in-Chief  Kountz;  was  a  delegate  to  the  twentieth 
national  encampment  held  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  elected  two  terms 
marshal  of  the  Union  Veteran  club,  and  is  at  present  the  president  of  the 
Veteran  Union  League  at  Chicago;  in  1879  was  commissioned  ist  lieu 
tenant  and  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  General  Torrance,  commanding 
ist  Brigade,  Illinois  National  Guard,  and  in  1881  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  major  and  inspector. 


MARTIN    HAGAN,   M.   D. 

.Was  born  in  Tuscarawas  County,  Ohio,  December  28,  1832;  was  edu 
cated  at  Columbia  College,  New  York  city,  and  graduated  at  Starling 
Medical  College,  Ohio,  in  1856;  entered  the  military  service  in  August, 
1861,  as  assistant  surgeon  5 ist  Ohio  Volunteers,  and  belonged  to  the  Army 
of  the  Ohio;  was  present  at  the  battles  of  Fort  Donelson,  Perry ville, 
Stone  River,  and  Chattanooga;  owing  to  failing  health  resigned  his  com 
mission  in  the  5 ist  Regiment;  but  after  a  rest  of  a  few  months  returned 
to  the  service  as  surgeon  of  the  i6ist  Ohio  Volunteers,  which  regiment 
was  sent  to  the  Shenandoah  Valley  of  Virginia;  the  doctor  participated  in 
the  battles  of  Harper's  Ferry,  Maryland  Heights,  and  at  Winchester;  acted 
frequently  as  brigade  surgeon  and  in  charge  of  hospitals  after  battles;  was 
honorably  discharged  with  his  regiment  at  the  expiration  of  term  of  serv 
ice;  returning  home  to  Ohio  was  elected  treasurer  of  Tuscarawas  County, 
and  after  serving  two  years,  for  the  purpose  of  acquiring  a  more  extended 
knowledge  of  his  profession  went  to  New  York  city,  and  attended  the  hos 
pitals  and  medical  schools,  graduating  at  the  College  of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons  in  February,  1867;  removing  to  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  he  engaged  in 
his  profession  with  great  success  for  four  years,  when  his  health  failing  he 
took  a  sea-voyage  from  San  Francisco,  visiting  Honolulu,  Australia,  New 
Zealand,  and  the  South  Sea  Islands;  in  1882  was  placed  in  medical  charge 
of  the  insane  of  the  Hawaiian  Islands  by  appointment  from  the  king; 


GRAND   ARMY    OF   THE   REPUBLIC.  313 

resigned  after  two  years  and  came  to  California,  and  has  since  made  his 
residence  in  Los  Angeles,  where  he  practices  his  profession.  Is  a  large 
owner  of  real  estate  and  a  director  of  the  Southern  California  National 
Bank;  is  a  member  of  Minnesota  State  Medical  Society  and  has  been  its 
president,  member  of  St.  Paul  Medical  Society,  of  Minnesota  State  His 
torical  Society,  of  St.  Paul  Academy  of  Science,  also  of  the  American 
Medical  Association,  honorary  member  of  the  Ohio  State  Medical  Society, 
member  of  the  California  State  Medical  Society  and  Los  Angeles  County 
Medical  Society;  belongs  to  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles, 
of  which  he  is  surgeon.  Comrade  Hagan  helped  to  organize  the  only 
Grand  Army  post  that  has  ever  been  established  in  a  foreign  country ;  he 
was  a  charter  member  of  Geo.  W.  DeLong  Post,  organized  in  Honolulu 
in  1882. 

J.  W.  BOYENTON. 

Was  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  January-  7,  1833;  removed  to  Sag  Har 
bor,  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  in  1838,  and  was  there  engaged  in  spar-making 
when  the  war  broke  out.  Enlisted  October  10,  1862,  in  Company  H  of  the 
8ist  New  York  Infantry,  the  2d  Oswego  Regiment;  with  the  exception  of 
about  six  months  spent  in  North  and  South  Carolina  with  General  Foster's 
command,  his  regiment  served  with  and  shared  the  hardships  of  camp  life 
and  the  fields  of  battle  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  throughout  the  war; 
was  mustered  out  at  Fortress  Monroe  in  August,  1865.  After  the  war, 
became  a  resident  of  Hampton,  Va.,  and  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.  post 
at  that  place;  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  paint  business. 


CLARK    PECK. 

Was  born  in  Dutchess  County,  N.  Y.,  in  1827;  was  raised  on  a  farm 
until  sixteen  years  old;  attended  school  in  the  winter  and  worked  in  the 
summer;  served  a  full  apprenticeship,  and  learned  the  trade  of  machinist; 
worked  at  his  trade  three  years;  was  afterwards  in  the  daguerreotype  and 
photograph  business  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  war;  soon  after  the  war 
broke  out  was  appointed  a  recruiting  officer,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant, 
by  Governor  Morgan,  of  New  York,  and  acted  as  such  until  September  2, 
1862,  when  he  was  mustered  into  the  service  as  captain  of  Company  I  of 
the  1 35th  New  York  Infantry;  joined  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  then 
under  the  command  of  McClellan;  after  the  battle  of  Antietam  the  I35th 
regiment  was  changed  to  the  6th  New  York  Heavy  Artillery,  and  ordered 
to  Fort  McHenry;  garrisoned  that  fort  for  two  months;  was  then  again 
ordered  into  the  field,  and  from  that  time  shared  the  fate  of  the  Army  of 


314  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  Potomac  in  all  its  marches  and  engagements  until  May,  1864,  when 
he  became  disabled  for  active  service  011  account  of  disease  contracted  in 
line  of  diity,  the  result  of  exposure,  in  consequence  of  which  and  on  the 
recommendation  of  the  surgeon,  he  resigned  and  returned  home,  as  he 
supposed,  to  die;  -but  after  a  long  illness  his  health  improved,  and  in  1867 
he  moved  to  New  Haven,  Conn.,  and  assumed  the  management  of  the 
music  hall  in  that  city;  since  1877  has  been  proprietor  and  owner  of  the 
Grand  Opera  House.  Comrade  Peck  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1881,  and 
served  one  term  as  post  commander,  also  as  aid  and  inspector  on  the  depart 
ment  staff,  and  as  delegate  to  the  twentieth  national  encampment  at  San 
Francisco;  is  at  present  a  member  of  Admiral  Foote  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
New  Haven,  Conn. 

SAMUEL   W.   LANE. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Frankfort,  Waldo  County,  Me.,  April  22, 
1838,  and  after  pursuing  an  academic  course,  preparatory  to  college, 
studied  law.  Enlisted  in  the  ist  Maine  Cavalry  in  September,  1861,  and 
served  as  a  private;  re-enlisted  in  the  nth  Maine  Infantry  in  July,  1862, 
serving  as  sergeant,  commissary-sergeant,  quartermaster-sergeant,  and  ser 
geant-major;  was  promoted  to  2d  lieutenant  nth  Maine  Volunteers  Sep 
tember  i,  1863,  and  commissioned  captain  25th  U.  S.  Colored  Troops 
February  24,  1864.  During  his  whole  term  of  army  service  Captain  Lane 
was  never  absent  from  his  company  except  when  detailed  on  special  serv 
ice.  While  serving  with  his  command  at  Pensacola,  Fla. ,  was  attacked 
by  a  virulent  fever.  By  advice  of  the  medical  director  of  his  division,  who 
saw  no  hope  of  his  recovery  in  Florida,  he  was  sent  back  to  Maine,  and 
was  imistered  out  at  Augusta,  Me.,  November  12,  1864,  on  surgeon's 
certificate  of  disability.  The  change  of  climate  effecting  in  a  measure  a 
restoration  to  health,  he  re-entered  the  service  in  the  provost  marshal's 
department  at  Augusta,  where  he  remained  until  the  office  was  abolished 
in  consequence  of  the  termination  of  war.  He  then  engaged  in  the  prac 
tice  of  law.  Some  few  years  later  he  accepted  the  position  of  editor-in- 
chief  in  the  large  publishing  house  of  E.  C.  Allen,  in  Augusta;  has  also 
been  journalistically  connected  with  the  Portland  daily  Advertiser,  and  a 
correspondent  of  the  Boston  Herald.  During  his  twenty-one  years'  resi 
dence  in  Augusta  Captain  Lane  has  held  many  positions  of  trust  and 
honor.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Common  Council;  city  auditor  for 
nine  years;  member  of  the  school  committee  for  three  years;  city  treasurer 
and  collector  for  three  years,  being  unanimously  elected  the  third  year  by 
a  city  government  opposed  to  him  in  politics;  member  of  the  Board  of 
Aldermen  for  three  years,  serving  as  chairman  the  last  year  (declined 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  315 

re-election);  assistant  secretary  of  State  senate  in  1868-69,  and  secretary 
of  the  same  body  for  ten  years  from  1870,  being  elected  every  year  with 
out  opposition.  First  joined  O.  O.  Howard  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Augusta, 
but  it  died,  and  in  its  stead  Seth  Williams  Post,  of  which  he  is  now  a 
member,  was  organized;  served  two  years  as  post  commander,  and  for  the 
past  six  years  has  been  a  delegate  from  the  department  of  Maine  to  the 
national  encampment;  in  1885  was  elected  a  member  of  the  national 
council  of  administration.  At  the  annual  session  of  the  department  of 
Maine,  held  at  Skowhegan  in  February,  1886,  the  name  of  comrade  Lane 
was  presented  in  a  very  eloquent  manner  by  ex-Governor  Seldon  Connor, 
of  Maine,  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  G.  A.  R.,  as  the  candidate 
of  Seth  Williams  Post  for  department  commander,  and  he  received  the 
unusual  honor  of  a  unanimous  election,  added  to  which  was  the  pleasant 
surprise  to  him,  at  a  supper  given  shortly  afterwards  by  the  Woman's 
Relief  Corps  to  Seth  Williams  Post,  of  the  presentation  by  the  post  of  a 
very  handsome  badge,  as  an  appreciation  of  services  and  the  esteem  of  its 
members. 

W.   D.  TEEPLE. 

Was  born  in  Oxford,  Canada,  September  19,  1821;  has  been  a  miner 
and  carpenter.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  yth  California  Infantry,  in  Sep 
tember,  1864,  and  served  as  a  private  in  the  department  of  California  and 
Arizona;  was  honorably  discharged  in  the  spring  of  1866.  Comrade 
Teeple  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he 
resides. 

WILLIAM  J.    QUIGLEY. 

Was  born  in  County  Londonderry,  Ireland,  July  29,  1844;  came  to  the 
United  States  in  early  youth ;  enlisted  under  the  three  months'  call  for  troops 
in  Company  A,  23d  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  in  April,  1861,  and  served  under 
General  Patterson  in  Shenandoah  Valley,  Va. ;  at  the  expiration  of  term  of 
service  re-enlisted  for  three  years,  and  served  as  private  and  corporal ;  was 
attached  at  one  time  to  the  4th  Corps  and  lastly  to  the  6th  Corps;  belonged 
to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  took  part  in  the  peninsular  campaign  under 
General  McClellan  until  its  end  at  Malvern  Hill  and  Harrison  Landing; 
in  addition  to  the  other  engagements,  was  at  the  battles  of  Chantilly, 
South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg, 
the  Wilderness,  Cold  Harbor,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  and  at  the  siege 
of  Petersburg,  until  in  July,  1864,  when  the  6th  Army  Corps  was  sent  to 
the  Shenandoah  Valley  and  participated  in  the  operations  of  General 


31 6  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Sheridan  in  that  valley  up  to  the  battle  of  Winchester;  after  which  the 
regiment  was  mustered  out  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October  29,  1864,  by 
reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service;  was  wounded  at  Fair  Oaks,  at 
Gettysburg  in  left  breast,  and  at  Cold  Harbor  in  the  stomach;  they  were 
all  bullet  wounds,  and  fortunately  none  of  them  of  a  dangerous  nature. 
Comrade  Quigley  wears  a  badge  presented  to  him  by  Colonel  Ely  of  his 
regiment  for  gallant  conduct  in  the  charge  on  Marye's  Heights,  Freder- 
icksburg,  and  at  the  battle  of  Chantilly.  He  came  to  California  in  March, 
1865,  followed  mining  for  several  years,  and  then  engaged  in  the  livery- 
stable  business;  is  a  charter  member  of  Hancock  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Mer 
ced,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  and  junior  vice-commander  of  post;  has  been 
supervisor  of  Merced  County  for  three  years  and  county  treasurer  for  the 
same  period. 

CHARLES  L.   YOUNG. 

Was  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  'November  23,  1838,  of  pioneer  Dutch 
ancestry ;  was  educated  at  various  classical  institutions  in  his  native  State, 
with  aspirations  for  the  bar,  but  the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion  interfered, 
and  in  April,  1861,  he  was  found  doing  depot  guard  duty  as  a  cadet 
(zouave)  over  recruits.  Enlisted  in  May,  1861,  in  the  ist  Regiment 
Excelsior  Brigade,  U.  S.  Volunteers;  commanded  his  regiment  during 
all  of  Pope's  second  Bull  Run  campaign;  served  on  the  staff  of  generals 
Hooker  and  Sickles,  and  in  other  brigades,  divisions,  or  corps  as  aid-de 
camp,  provost  martial,  assistant  adjutant-general,  and  assistant  inspector- 
general;  was  commissioned  as  follows:  ist  lieutenant  June  13,  1861,  and 
captain  May  6,  1862;  was  recommended  for  promotion  to  major  on 
the  field  following  the  Peninsula  campaign,  July  28,  1862,  by  generals 
Hooker,  Sickles,  Taylor,  and  others;  was  commissioned  and  brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel  after  the  close  of  the  war  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion;  was  promoted  brigadier-general 
by  the  governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate  of  Ohio,  January  14,  1878; 
was  wounded  in  the  neck  (external  corotid  artery)  at  Chancellorsville, 
May  3,  1863,  by  a  fragment  of  shell  while  executing  an  order  from  General 
Sickles;  returned  to  the  front  and  was  again  disabled  in  the  Wilderness, 
but  did  not  retire  from  the  field;  participated  in  all  the  campaigns  and 
battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  which  his  commands  were  engaged; 
has  been  a  resident  of  Toledo  since  1869;  a  manufacturer  and  wholesale 
lumber  dealer;  never  held  a  political  office  other  than  a  park  commis- 
sionership,  of  which  board  he  is  now  president;  is  an  active  comrade  of 
Forsyth  Post,  No.  15,  department  of  Ohio,  G.  A.  R. ;  was  on  the  staff 
of  Commander-in-Chief  Earnshaw  in  1879;  a  member  of  the  national 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  317 

council  of  administration  in  1880,  and  was  elected  senior  vice-commander- 
in-chief  of  the  national  encampment  at  Indianapolis  in  1881;  is  at  present 
a  financial  and  property  trustee  of  his  post;  on  January  9,  1880,  his  asso 
ciates  of  the  G.  A.  R.  and  the  Ohio  National  Guard  and  other  citizens 
presented  him  with  a  valuable  testimonial,  consisting  of  a  general  officer's 
sword,  sash,  and  belt  of  the  finest  material  and  workmanship,  appropriately 
inscribed.  On  the  death  of  General  Hooker  the  family  presented  General 
Young  with  the  sash  worn  by  that  hero  throughout  the  war,  as  a  memento 
to  this  former  staff  officer  of  fighting  Joe.  General  Young  recently  became 
a  pensioner,  in  consequence  of  wounds  received.  He  is  on  the  rolls 
of  the  following  other  military  organizations  and  societies,  viz. :  Third 
Army  Corps  Union,  Second  Corps  Club,  the  Society  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  West  Virginia;  charter  com 
panion  of  the  Ohio  Commandery  Loyal  Legion;  vice-president  Toledo 
Soldiers'  Memorial  Association;  director  of  the  Gettysburg  Battle-field 
Memorial  Association;  and  honorary  member  of  the  Ohio  National  Guard 
Officers'  Association. 

Mrs.  Young,  the  wife  of  the  general,  has  been  either  secretary  or 
president  of  Forsyth  Post  Auxiliary  Society  and  Relief  Corps  No.  i  from 
its  organization  to  the  last  election;  is  past  senior  vice-president  of  the 
Ohio  department  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps,  and  was  one  of  the  founders, 
in  1872,  of  the  Toledo  Home  for  Friendless  Women,  its  original  secretary 
and  now  its  vice-president. 

STEPHEN    D.   DAMMON. 

Was  born  in  Buckfield,  Oxford  County,  Me.,  August  17,  1827;  nas 
been  engaged  in  farming  and  railroading.  Enlisted  September  26,  1861, 
in  Company  B,  4th  Minnesota  Infantry;  served  as  sergeant;  was  attached 
to  the  i5th  Army  Corps,  3d  Brigade,  and  ist  Division;  was  mustered  out 
February  27,  1863,  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.  Comrade  Dammon  is  a  member  of 
Winchester  Post,  No.  105,  of  Anderson,  Shasta  County,  Cal. 


JOHN   B.   STEVENS. 

Was  born  at  Nottingham,  N.  H.,  October  19,  1837;  is  a  nephew  of 
General  Benjamin  F.  Butler,  of  Massachusetts;  by  occupation  a  carpenter; 
enlisted  August  6,  1861,  in  Company  C,  2d  New  Hampshire  Volun 
teer  Infantry,  which  regiment  formed  a  portion  of  the  Army  of  the  Poto 
mac;  was  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  battles  of  Williamsburg,  Fair  Oaks, 
Savage  Station,  White  Oak  Swamp,  Glendale,  Malvern  Hill,  and  2d  Bull 


318  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Run;  in  the  last-named  battle  a  rifle-ball  shattered  his  left  hand,  in  con 
sequence  of  which  he  was  discharged  from  service  October  7,  1862,  for 
disability;  he  receives  a  pension;  came  to  California  from  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1864  and  was  variously  engaged,  farming,  stock-raising,  and  gen 
eral  agency  until  1879,  when  he  went  to  the  Sandwich  Islands;  returned 
again  to  California  in  1880  and  has  been  since  then  in  the  employ  of  the 
Southern  Pacific  Railroad  Company;  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


BENJAMIN    F.    EVERHART. 

Was  born  in  Warren  County,  Ohio,  December  13,  1841.  His  first 
military  service  was  in  the  State  Militia  in  Missouri,  of  which  State  he 
was  then  a  resident,  in  the  spring  of  1863,  operating  against  various  noted 
gangs  of  bushwackers;  after  a  service  of  six  months  of  this  kind  he 
enlisted  in  Company  B,  42d  Missouri  Volunteers,  and  being  by  trade  a 
blacksmith,  was  frequently  detailed  on  extra  duty  as  an  artisan;  he  par 
ticipated  in  the  battles  of  Fort  Donelson,  Nashville,  Franklin,  Murfrees- 
boro,  and  many  other  minor  engagements,  serving  from  his  enlistment  to 
the  termination  of  the  war.  On  the  formation  of  the  i4th  Army  Corps 
his  regiment  was  made  a  portion  of  it.  He  was  honorably  discharged 
from  service  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  June,  1865.  Returning  to  private 
life  he  worked  at  his  trade  for  several  years  in  Iowa,  to  which  State  he 
had  emigrated  from  Ohio  previous  to  going  to  Missouri.  In  1872  he  came 
to  California  and  pursued  his  avocation  until  in  1877  he  was  appointed  on 
the  police  force  of  the  city  of  San  Jose  and  of  which  he  is  still  a  member. 
He  belongs  to  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose,  of  which  he  was 
one  of  the  charter  members. 


SAMUEL   B.   P.    KNOX. 

Was  born  in  Brownsville,  Fayette  County,  Pa.,  February  u,  1839; 
is  at  present  a  practicing  physician  and  surgeon  at  Santa  Barbara,  Cal.; 
was  educated  at  Alleghany  College,  Meadville,  Pa.,  graduating  in  1860; 
began  study  of  medicine  in  winter  of  1859-60;  attended  medical  lectures 
at  University  of  Pennsylvania  during  winter  of  1 861-62 ;  in  summer  of  same 
year  was  examined  at  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  for  position  as  volunteer  assistant 
surgeon;  was  accepted,  but  he  refused  a  commission  at  that  time  being 
desirous  of  finishing  medical  education;  in  January,  1863,  while  attending 
second  course  of  medical  lectures,  was  earnestly  solicited  by  the  surgeon- 
general  of  Pennsylvania  to  enter  the  service,  and  although  on  the  eve  of 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  319 

graduation,  accepted  a  commission  and  was  mustered  into  the  service  as 
assistant  surgeon  of  the  49th  Pennsylvania  Volunteers;  attached  to  the  3d 
Brigade,  ist  Division,  of  the  6th  Army  Corps,  and  participated  in  the 
battles  of  that  corps  until  the  close  of  the  war.  In  Jamiary,  1865,  was 
promoted  to  surgeon  of  his  regiment;  was  honorably  discharged  July  2, 
1865,  and  resuming  his  medical  studies  graduated  as  M.  D.  in  March, 
1866;  began  practice  of  his  profession  in  his  native  town  and  so  continued 
until  June,  1875,  when  he  removed  to  his  present  place  of  residence  in 
California.  Comrade  Knox  is  a  member  of  Starr  King  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
No.  52,  department  of  California. 

HERMAN   C.   HOLMAN* 

Born  in  Oldenburg,  Germany,  February  24,  1843;  nas  been  a  fanner. 
Enlisted  October  13,  1864,  in  Company  E,  7th  California  Infantry,  and 
served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  Department  of  California  and 
Arizona;  was  in  various  engagements  with  Indians;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  June  28,  1866.  Comrade  Holman  is  the  proprietor  of  the  United 
States  Hotel,  at  Stockton,  Cal.,  and  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23, 
of  that  place. 

JOHN   H.  MALLON. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city  April  17,  1837,  and  is  by  occupation  an 
engineer.  He  was  appointed  a  master's  mate  in  the  U.  S.  Navy  in  Jan 
uary,  1862,  and  served  in  the  West  Gulf  Squadron,  and  under  Admiral 
Farragut;  was  in  U.  S.  frigate  Savannah,  steamers  Arizona,  Nyack,  and 
Grand  Gulf;  was  in  the  engagement  with  the  rebel  ram  Queen  of  the 
West;  at  Port  Hudson,  Vicksburg,  Sabine  Pass,  and  Mobile  Bay;  was 
honorably  discharged  from  the  service  in  December,  1865.  He  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Rawlins  Post,  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


JACOB  J.   PHIFER. 

Was  born  in  Knox  County,  Ohio,  August  19,  1829,  an^  at  the  out 
break  of  the  war  was  engaged  in  fanning  in  Fayette  County,  Ills.  He 
enlisted  in  Company  F,  32d  Illinois  Volunteers,  in  July,  1863,  which 
regiment  was  a  portion  of  the  3d  Brigade,  4th  Division  of  the  i7th  Army 
Corps.  Detailed  as  one  of  the  foragers  for  the  regiment  on  the  march 
from  Atlanta  to  Savannah;  for  eighteen  days  he  was  almost  constantly 
skirmishing  and  engaging  the  enemy.  He  was  at  the  capture  of  Savan 
nah,  Fort  Pocotaligo,  Orangeburg,  S.  C.,  Columbia,  Fayetteville,  Ben- 
ton  ville,  Cheran,  Raleigh,  and  Durham  Station,  N.  C. ;  was  three  times 


320  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

wounded  at  Bentonville — buckshot  through  the  left  hand;  minie-ball 
striking  the  right  hip,  fortunately  nearly  a  spent  ball,  and  the  wound 
consequently  slight;  minie-ball  through  flesh  of  left  leg;  he  remained  on 
the  field  until  the  close  of  the  engagement,  but  being  incapacitated,  was 
transported  to  Washington,  where  on  the  arrival  of  his  regiment  he 
rejoined  it  and  participated  in  the  grand  review;  he  was  honorably  dis 
charged  the  service  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kas.,  in  the  fall  of  1865.  He 
returned  to  farming  near  Vandalia,  Ills.,  where  he  remained  until  1875, 
when  he  came  to  California;  is  at  present  a  resident  of  San  Jose,  where 
he  is  foreman  of  street  work;  he  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  that  cityv 

JOHN    H.   MEAD. 

Was  born  February  22,  1846,  at  Richmond,  Va. ;  has  been  a  miner 
and  a  carpenter.  Enlisted  in  August,  1862,  in  the  2ist  New  Jersey 
Infantry,  Company  F.  Re-enlisted  in  February,  1864,  in  Company 
D,  4th  New  York  Heavy  Artillery;  was  finally  discharged  in  Octo 
ber,  1865;  served  as  a  private  during  both  enlistments;  was  attached  to 
the  6th,  5th,  and  2d  Army  Corps;  was  in  numerous  engagements  with 
the  6th  Corps  at  Fredericksburg  and  Chancellorsville,  the  5th  Corps 
through  the  Wilderness,  etc.,  to  the  North  Anna,  and  with  the  2d  Corps 
through  Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Petersburg,  and  Appomattox  to  the  sur 
render  of  Lee's  army.  Previous  to  enlistment  in  the  4th  New  York 
Artillery,  had  been  laid  up  at  home  for  nearly  a  year  on  account  of  wound 
through  the  left  shoulder,  received  at  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville.  Com 
rade  Mead  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  at  Stockton,  Cal., 
where  he  resides. 

THOMAS    F.   McGRATH. 

Was  born  at  Waterford,  Ireland,  in  November,  1841;  an  engineer  by 
occupation.  Enlisted  December  27,  1861,  in  Company  D,  6gth  New 
York  Infantry  (the  famous  Irish  Brigade),  and  served  as  private,  corporal, 
and  sergeant;  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  in  November,  1864;  was 
attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  and  2d  Army  Corps,  and  served 
continuously  until  July  16,  1865,  the  date  of  honorable  discharge;  ree'n- 
listed  in  the  Veteran  Corps  in  1863.  Took  part  in  the  battles  at  York- 
town,  Fair  Oaks,  Savage  Station,  White  Oak  Swamp,  Malvern  Hill, 
Antietam,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  siege 
of  Petersburg,  and  Appomattox;  was  wounded  severely  in  right  hip  at  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg,  but  again  reported  for  duty  after  seven  weeks;  was 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  321 

again  slightly  wounded  in  right  foot  at  Spottsylvania.  Aid-de-camp 
Captain  D.  P.  Cunningham,  in  his  "History  of  the  Irish  Brigade,"  speaks 
of  Mr.  McGrath  as  follows:  "Lieutenant  McGrath  was  with  the  brigade 
from  its  first  organization;  was  wounded  at  Gettysburg;  taken  prisoner  in 
front  of  Petersburg,  released,  and  promoted  for  gallant  services."  Com 
rade  McGrath  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  i,  department  of  Califor 
nia,  at  San  Francisco,  his  present  place  of  residence. 


F.    H.   L.    WEBER. 

Was  born  in  Hamburg,  Germany,  May  14,  1835;  is  by  occupation  a 
merchant;  enlisted  in  Company  F,  5th  California  Infantry,  October  18, 
1 86 1,  discharged  on  expiration  of  .term,  November  30,1864;  re-enlisted 
as  veteran  in  the  ist  Regiment,  California  Veteran  Infantry,  formed  by 
transfer  of  troops  from  the  ist  and  5th  regiments  of  California  Infantry, 
special  order  department  of  New  Mexico,  and  mustered  out  of  service  as 
sergeant  January  2,  1867;  served  in  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  and  Western 
Texas,  and  was  in  several  engagements  with  Indians;  in  1864  was  with 
the  forces  which  pursued  the  Apaches  into  the  province  of  Chihuahua, 
Mexico;  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  of 
which  city  he  is  a  resident. 

JAMES  R.   WRIGHT. 

A  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  was  born  in  Indiana,  December  16, 
1845;  enlisted  in  the  loth  Illinois  Cavalry  December  22,  1863,  and  served 
as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  i5th  Army  Corps;  was  in  several  skir 
mishes  and  frontier  fights;  was  honorably  discharged  November  22,  1865. 
Comrade  Wright  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  G.  A.  R. ,  depart 
ment  of  California,  with  headquarters  at  his  place  of  residence. 

JOHN   HIGGINS. 

Was  born  May  10,  1840,  in  Saint  Lawrence  County,  N.  Y. ;  has  been 
a  farmer  and  paper-maker.  Enlisted  April,  1858,  in  Company  M,  2d 
U.  S.  Artillery ;  and  later  in  the  5th  New  Jersey  Battery  and  Independent 
Company,  commanded  by  Captain  Warren;  served  continuously  as  a 
private,  and  was  finally  discharged  at  the  Presidio  of  California  in  July, 
1868;  was  attached  to  the  loth  and  25th  Army  Corps;  served  in  the  Army 
of  the  James  in  the  Horse  Artillery;  was  present  at  and  took  part  in  the 
battles  of  First  Bull  Run,  Williamsburg,  Hanover  Court-house,  Seven 


322  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

Days'  Fight,  White  Oak  Swamp,  Malveni  Hill,  Second  Bull  Run,  Mid- 
dletown,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Martinsburg,  Brandy  Station,  Chan- 
cellorsville,  and  Gettysburg;  was  slightly  wounded  by  musket-ball  in  leg 
at  Hanover  Court-house;  while  at  Hartford  Church,  in  the  fall  of  1863, 
was  presented  by  General  Ingalls  with  a  fine  horse,  as  a  reward  for  skill 
fully  bringing  in  a  drove  of  cattle  from  outside  the  Federal  lines,  having 
with  a  few  troopers  made  a  successful  raid  of  over  sixty  miles  in  one  day. 
Comrade  Higgins  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal., 
where  he  resides. 

EDWARD    DONNELLY. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Magherafelt,  County  Londonderry,  Ireland, 
August  i,  1822,  and  was  the  only  child  of  Captain  John  Donnelly,  an 
officer  in  the  East  India  Company's  service,  who  was  killed  in  Bengal  in 
1825;  came  with  his  mother  to  the  United  States  in  1831,  and  settled  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy 
in  1843,  and  shortly  afterwards  appointed  chemist  and  naturalist  in  an 
exploring  expedition  to  Brazil  under  charge  of  Passed  Midshipman  Isaac 
G.  Strain,  U.  S.  Navy;  remained  abroad  nine  years,  spending  most  of  his 
time  in  Brazil,  West  Indies,  and  Africa,  sending  many  hundred  specimens 
of  birds,  insects,  and  medical  plants  to  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of 
Philadelphia;  returned  to  the  United  States  in  1852,  and  entered  the 
Philadelphia  College  of  Medicine,  from  which  he  graduated  in  1854; 
attended  hospital  practice  the  following  year;  followed  the  practice  of  his 
profession  of  physician  and  surgeon,  also  giving  lectures  to  advanced 
medical  students  until  the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion  in  1861;  tendered 
his  services  to  Governor  Curtin  and  was  commissioned  August  i,  1861, 
surgeon  5th  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  the  34th  of  the  line;  transferred  in 
April,  1862,  to  the  2d  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  the  3ist  of  the  line,  with 
which  regiment  he  served  until  mustered  out  in  June,  1864;  appointed 
surgeon  19601  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  a  one  hundred  day  regiment, 
which  was  assigned  to  duty  guarding  Confederate  prisoners  at  Camp  Doug 
las,  near  Chicago,  Ills. ;  on  return  to  Philadelphia  was  appointed  surgeon 
2d  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  in  October,  1864,  the  regiment  being  then  in  front 
of  Petersburg;  mustered  out  as  surgeon  of  2d  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  and 
appointed  surgeon  ist  Provisional  Cavalry,  which  was  formed  by  consoli 
dating  the  2d  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  and  the  2oth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry. 
He  was  the  first  surgeon  to  make  a  collection  of  pathological  specimens  on 
the  battle-field;  many  of  his  resections  and  specimens  are  now  to  be  seen 
in  the  National  Museum,  and  recorded  in  the  medical  and  surgical  history 
of  the  war.  During  his  terms  of  service  acted  as  regimental,  brigade, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  323 

and  division  surgeon;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Army  Corps,  afterwards 
to  the  ist  Brigade,  3d  Division,  5th  Army  Corps,  and  lastly  to  the 
ad  Brigade,  2d  Division,  Sheridan's  Cavalry  Corps;  took  part  in  the  bat 
tles  of  Dranesville,  Mechanicsville,  Games'  Mills,  Charles  City  Cross 
roads,  Malvern  Hill,  Second  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain,  Antietam, 
Fredericksburg,  Gettysburg,  Bristow  Station,  New  Hope  Church, 
Wilderness,  Weldon  Road,  Roynton  and  White  Oak  roads,  Dinwiddie 
Court-house,  Five  Forks,  Amelia  Springs,  Sailor's  Creek,  Farmville, 
and  Appomattox  Court-house;  wounded  at  Mechanicsville  in  the  right 
leg  and  flesh  wound  in  face;  captured  at  Charles  City  Cross-roads,  hav 
ing  remained  with  wounded  on  field  of  battle,  and  confined  in  Libby 
Prison  at  Richmond  until  August,  1862,  when  he  was  exchanged,  and 
rejoined  his  regiment  in  the  field;  again  taken  prisoner  at  2d  Bull  Run, 
and  was  retained  as  such  with  the  wounded  under  his  charge  for  eleven 
days,  and  at  the  end  of  which  time  the  wounded  and  himself  were  paroled 
and  sent  into  the  hospitals  at  Alexandria  and  Washington;  was  for  the 
third  time  taken  prisoner  in  the  Wilderness,  while  acting  as  aid-de-camp 
to  General  Crawford;  remained  attending  the  Union  wounded,  within  the 
rebel  lines,  for  six  weeks,  when  was  recaptured  by  the  Union  Cavalry  under 
General  Charles  Lowell;  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  in  June,  1864,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services;  honorably  discharged  in  August,  1865; 
moved  to  Pittsburg,  where  he  was  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession 
until  1879,  when  he  removed  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  now  resides. 
He  is  a  member  of  San  Francisco  County  Medical  Society  and  other  scien 
tific  associations;  is  also  a  liberal  contributor  to  the  medical  and  scientific 
journals;  is  a  member  of  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  of 
George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco. 


ADAM    H.    COCHRANE. 

Was  born  at  Paisley,  Scotland,  June  9,  1831;  came  to  the  United 
States  when  eleven  years  of  age  and  had  to  labor  for  his  living  until  he 
was  seventeen,  when  he  attended  the  academy  at  Glens  Falls,  Warren 
County,  N.  Y.,  subsequently  the  seminary  at  Charlotteville,  Schoharie 
County,  and  finally  the  New  York  State  Normal  School,  where  he  com 
pleted  his  education,  meanwhile  in  vacation  earning  the  means  to  defray 
his  expenses  in  the  study  of  medicine;  in  1857  ne  received  a  diploma  from 
the  Albany  Medical  College,  also  having  previously  attended  two  full 
courses  at  Castleton  Medical  College,  Rutland  County,  Vt. ;  practiced 
medicine  in  New  York  city  until  July  12,  1862,  when  he  entered  the 
volunteer  service  as  2d  assistant  surgeon  i5th  New  York  Engineers, 


324  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

becoming  afterwards  ist  assistant;  was  detached  for  medical  service  duty 
in  the  defenses  of  Washington;  rejoined  the  regiment  and  was  present 
with  it  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksbnrg ;  again  detached  and  assigned  to 
the  battalion  of  Regular  Army  Engineers,  to  which  he  performed  the 
duties  of  surgeon  at  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville;  again  reported  to  regi 
ment  and  was  sent  to  New  York  to  await  orders;  was  mustered  out  of 
volunteer  service  July,  1863.  By  authority  of  general  order  transferring 
medical  officers  to  the  military  division  of  the  Pacific,  came  to  California 
and  was  assigned  to  duty  at  Fort  Boise,  Idaho,  as  surgeon  of  the  post, 
where  he  was  stationed  until  1866,  and  from  thence  at  other  frontier  posts 
during  Indian  hostilities  until  1868,  subsequently  serving  variously  in 
Oregon,  Washington  Territory,  Alaska,  Arizona,  and  California  until 
1873,  when,  after  an  army  career  of  eleven  years,  he  returned  to  private 
life,  practicing  his  profession  at  Watsonville,  Cal.,  until  1876,  when  he 
removed  to  San  Jose,  of  which  city  he  is  now  a  resident.  He  is  the 
county  physician  of  Santa  Clara  County,  and  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan 
Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Jose. 

MOSES   SILVESTER   CORSON. 

Was  born  in  Somerset  County,  Me.,  February  n,  1836;  his  occupa 
tions  have  been  those  of  musician  and  harness-maker;  was  educated  at 
Monroe,  Wis.,  to  which  he  had  removed  from  his  native  State;  came  to 
California  in  1859  by  the  overland  route,  reaching  Placerville  in  Septem 
ber,  after  a  tiresome  journey  of  five  months  from  the  time  he  started  with 
ox-teams,  and  having  more  than  one  narrow  escape  from  Indians,  who  that 
year  were  exceedingly  troublesome.  Enlisted  September,  1861,  in  the 
4th  California  Infantry  as  a  musician;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.,  by  reason  of  general  order  discontinuing  regimental  bands; 
re  turned  to  Placerville,  where  he  remained  until  1869,  when  he  removed  to 
Santa  Clara  County;  organized  and  is  the  leader  of  the  city  band  of  San 
Jose;  is  a  member  of  Kaufman's  orchestra,  and  foreman  of  a  large  harness- 
shop;  belongs  to  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose". 

FRANCIS   M.   ALLEN. 

Was  born  in  DeRuyter,  Madison  County,  N.  Y.,  April  16,  1842. 
Enlisted  July  28,  1861,  in  Company  B,  3d  New  York  Cavalry,  and  was 
attached  to  Stoneman's  command  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  in  the 
battles  of  Ball's  Bluff,  Leesburg,  Edwards'  Ferry,  and  other  minor  engage 
ments;  partially  recovering  from  a  severe  attack  of  measles  he  prematurely 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  325 

returned  to  duty,  in  consequence  of  which  he  suffered  a  relapse,  being 
removed  to  hospital  in  an  unconscious  condition,  from  which  sickness  he 
has  never  entirely  regained  his  health,  and  in  February,  1862,  had  to  be 
discharged  the  service  on  account  of  disability ;  receives  a  pension ;  came 
to  California  in  1863;  was  agent  for  water  ditch  company  in  Dutch  Flat 
mining  district  till  1870;  since  which  time  has  resided  in  Santa  Clara 
County,  engaged  variously  at  carpentry  and  railroading,  but  chiefly  in  fruit 
culture,  his  present  employment;  resides  about  three  miles  west  of  San 
Jose*,  and  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  that  city. 

CHARLES   H.    EDMONDS. 

A  resident  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal. ;  was  born  at  Grafton,  Grafton  County, 
N.  H.,  July  13,  1837;  has  been  a  farmer,  domestic  physician,  and  a  veteri 
nary  surgeon;  resided  at  Acton,  Middlesex  County,  Mass.,  from  1847  to 
1858;  at  Cambridge,  Henry  County,  Ills.,  in  1858;  at  Wheatland,  Ills., 
1859  to  I86i,  when  he  enlisted  in  Company  H,  i2th  Illinois  Volunteer 
Infantry,  for  three  months;  on  being  discharged  at  Cairo,  August  i,  1861, 
he  re-enlisted  in  Company  H,  26th  Illinois  Infantry,  of  which  company 
he  was  sergeant;  participated  in  the  battles  of  luka,  Corinth,  Farmington, 
Miss.,  New  Madrid,  Mo.,  Point  Pleasant,  Mo.,  and  the  siege  of  Corinth; 
was  wounded  at  last-mentioned  place  on  the  4th  of  October,  1862;  trans 
ferred  to  field  hospital  October  5th;  was  engaged  for  several  months  in 
engraving  head-boards  for  the  graves  of  soldiers  at  LaGrange,  Tenn.; 
on  October  2,  1863,  was  transferred  to  Company  A  of  the  2d  Veteran 
Reserve  Corps,  and  was  discharged  at  Detroit,  Mich.,  November  i,  1864. 
Comrade  Edmonds  is  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  No.  6,  at  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

THOMAS  J.    SHREVE. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  September  3,  1836,  and  is  by  occupa 
tion  a  submarine  engineer.  Enlisted  twice:  first  on  July  30,  1861,  in  the 
nth  Missouri  Infantry;  second,  on  May  2,  1863,  in  the  2d  Missouri  Light 
Artillery,  serving  during  first  enlistment  as  a  private  and  as  quartermaster 
in  the  artillery,  being  commissioned  in  the  spring  of  1864;  was  attached 
to  Eagle  Brigade  of  the  i6th  Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of 
Farmington,  luka,  Corinth,  Madrid,  Memphis,  Frederickstown,  Mo.,  Cape 
Girardeau,  and  numerous  skirmishes;  in  the  battle  of  Memphis  eight  bat 
teries  were  engaged,  seven  of  which  were  captured — the  2d  Missouri  Light 
Artillery,  Company  G,  was  the  only  one  not  taken.  It  was  during  this 
severe  engagement  that  one  of  the  heroic  acts  of  the  brave  women  of 


326  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

America,  was  witnessed.  Mr.  Shreve's  wife,  Mrs.  Myrick,  and  Mrs. 
Mary  Baker  hitched  up  a  six-mule  team  and  braving  the  dangers  of  battle 
brought  fixed  ammunition  to  soldiers  who  were  fighting,  arriving  just  in 
time,  as  the  ammunition  on  hand  was  nearly  all  expended.  Comrade 
Shreve  was  one  of  two  hundred  men  from  Missouri,  Wisconsin,  and  Illinois 
regiments  who  hauled  a  large  siege-gun  through  mud  and  mire  for  six 
miles  down  the  river,  and  planted  it  opposite  the  rebel  encampment  at 
Tiptonville,  before  which  some  gunboats  and  transports  were  moored,  all 
of  which  were  sunk  or  destroyed,  through  the  excellent  markmanship  of 
Scott  Rice,  of  the  2d  Iowa  Battery,  who  acted  as  gunner  after  the  gun 
was  in  position.  Comrade  Shreve  was  mustered  oiit  August  22,  1865,  and 
is  now  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  No.  6,  with  headquarters  at  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

JASPER   PERRY   LONG. 

Was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  February  14,  1834;  received  a  public 
school  education;  studied  medicine  for  three  years,  but  on  account  of  ill- 
health  had  to  abandon  the  profession  for  out-door  employment;  was  an 
invalid  until  twenty-four  years  of  age;  engaged  in  the  occupation  of  mill 
wright  until  1864,  in  the  spring  of  which  year  he  enlisted  in  Company  E, 
58th  Indiana  Volunteers,  known  as  the  Pontoon  Regiment,  and  which  did 
all  the  bridging  for  the  left  wing  of  Sherman's  army;  was  present  at  the 
siege  of  Chattanooga,  the  battles  of  Buzzard's  Roost,  Resaca,  Ga.,  Dal  ton, 
Ga. ,  siege  of  Atlanta,  the  capture  of  Savannah,  and  other  engagements; 
he  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  at  Washington  city,  June  4, 
1865.  Went  to  Indiana  and  engaged  in  mill  and  lumber  business  until 
1874,  when  he  came  to  California,  since  which  time  he  has  been  engaged 
chiefly  at  his  trade  of  mill-wright.  He  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post 
of  San  Jose,  in  which  city  he  resides. 

JAMES    P.    WILBURN. 

Was  born  in  Nashville,  Tenn. ,  February  25,  1837;  came  to  the  Paci 
fic  Coast  in  early  life  and,  living  on  the  frontier  from  the  age  of  fifteen  to 
twenty-one,  was  an  active  participant  in  the  Indian  warfare  which  occurred 
during  this  period  in  northern  California,  Oregon,  and  Washington  Terri 
tory;  moving  to  Marysville,  Cal.,  he  learned  the  trade  of  confectioner,  in 
which  business  he  engaged  at  that  place  until  his  enlistment  April  28,  1863, 
in  what  was  known  as  the  California  Hundred,  and  which  going  East 
to  particpate  in  the  war,  became  part  of  the  2d  Massachusetts  Cavalry. 
Comrade  Wilburn  found  himself  under  the  new  organization  a  member 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  327 

of  Company  M  of  that  regiment.  It  subsequently  formed  a  portion  of 
Sheridan's  Cavalry  Corps  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  frequently  on 
detached  service  in  pursuit  of  Mosby  and  on  reconnoitering  duty;  the 
California  Hundred  was  almost  continually  under  fire  during  its  term  of 
active  service  in  the  field;  in  killed  and  wounded  it  lost  heavily;  among  the 
latter  was  Corporal  Wilburn,  who  received  a  gunshot  wound  in  the  left 
arm  in  action  at  Waynesboro,  Va. ,  which  necessitated  amputation  above 
the  elbow.  He  had  previously  been  in  the  cavalry  engagements  at  Ash- 
by's  Gap,  Aldie,  Poolesville,  Halltown,  a  four  days'  fight,  Opequon,  Win 
chester,  Berry  ville,  Berry ville  Pike,  Surry  Court-house,  and  other  actions. 
He  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. ,  March 
29,  1865,  and  resided  in  that  city,  engaged  in  merchandising,  until  1868, 
when  he  returned  to  California,  and  was  appointed  a  messenger  in  the  post- 
office  department  at  San  Francisco,  which  position  he  held  until  1874, 
and  then  engaged  in  farming  in  the  foot-hills  of  Santa  Clara  County  till 
1882,  since  when  he  has  been  variously  employed  in  San  Jose.  He  is  a 
member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post  of  that  city,  and  is  in  receipt  of  a  pension. 


C.    N.    HITCHCOCK. 

A  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  was  born  at  Silver  Creek,  N.  Y.,  May 
27,  1837;  is  a  machinist  and  engineer;  enlisted  in  Company  K  of  the  i8th 
Wisconsin  Infantry,  December  5,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  was 
attached  to  the  2d  Brigade  of  the  i7th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  at 
Shiloh,  Corinth,  Vicksbnrg,  and  Spanish  Fort;  was  five  times  wounded; 
at  Shiloh  musket-ball  through  right  leg;  in  the  advance  on  Corinth  a  fall 
ing  limb  cut  off  by  a  cannon-ball  striking  him  caused  an  injury  which 
still  troubles  him;  the  point  of  breast-bone  was  shot  away  at  Corinth,  and 
two  other  wounds  from  shell  at  Spanish  Fort  and  Milliken's  Bend; 
mustered  out  January  6,  1866.  Comrade  Hitchcock  is  a  member  of 
Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

C.    T.    SUTPHEN. 

Was  born  in  Earlville,  LaSalle  County,  Ills.,  April  10,  1837;  has 
been  a  farmer,  merchant,  and  lawyer.  Enlisted  in  August,  1862,  in 
Henshaw's  battery  of  Illinois  Light  Artillery,  and  served  as  sergeant,  and 
later  as  ist  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  the  3d  North  Carolina  Mounted 
Infantry,  and  as  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  in  the  ist  Brigade,  4th 
Division,  Department  of  the  Cumberland;  was  in  the  engagements  at  Camp 
bell's  Station,  siege  of  Knoxville,  London,  Boone,  Buffington  Island,  and 


328  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

Strawberry  Plains;  was  mustered  out  of  service  August  16,  1865;  was  com 
mended  for  gallantry  at  the  battle  at  Campbell's  Station,  where  he  and 
a  few  others  took  his  crippled  cannon  from  the  field  by  hand,  their  horses 
being  killed;  they  were  the  last  to  leave  the  contest;  was  promoted  for 
gallantry  at  the  battle  of  Knoxville;  since  the  war  has  resided  at  Augusta, 
Ills.,  and  Corning,  la.;  coming  to  California  in  1874  he  settled  at  Santa 
Cruz;  is  a  justice  of  the  peace  at  that  place;  was  one  of  the  organizers  of 
W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post,  of  which  he  is  at  present  the  senior  vice-com 
mander.  Comrade  Sutphen  is  a  graduate  of  Bell's  Commercial  College 
of  Chicago,  Ills. ;  studied  law  at  Ottawa,  Ills. ,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1861 ;  practiced  in  his  native  town  until  his  enlistment. 


NATHAN   L.    BLACKMOR. 

A  carpenter  by  trade;  was  born  in  North  Carolina  September  15, 
1834;  shipped  in  the  navy  as  landsman  in  1863,  on  board  the  Valley  City, 
and  served  in  the  North  Atlantic  blockading  squadron  under  Commodore 
Macomb;  was  in  all  of  the  engagements  in  which  his  vessel  took  part, 
principally  in  the  vicinity  of  Roanoke  Island  and  river;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  the  service  in  June,  1865.  Comrade  Blackmor  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Rod  Matheson  Post,  No.  16,  with  headquarters  at  Healdsburg,  Cal. ; 
is  at  present  a  resident  of  Cloverdale,  Cal. 


JUDSON   RICE. 

Born  in  Steuben  County,  N.  Y.,  August  15,  1847,  whose  present 
occupation  is  that  of  carpenter  and  builder,  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war 
was  a  resident  of  Iowa,  where  his  father,  who  was  a  land-owner  of  consid 
erable  importance,  was  engaged  in  farming.  On  account  of  his  youth, 
being  but  fourteen  years  of  age,  young  Rice  was  restrained  from  entering 
the  service  with  his  brother  two  years  his  senior,  but  determined  in  the 
matter,  in  the  fall  of  1864  he  went  to  Wisconsin  and  enlisted  in  Company 
C,  45th  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  serving  for  a  time  as  a  private  and  then 
being  promoted  to  corporal.  Immediately  on  enlistment  he  proceeded  to 
Nashville,  where  his  regiment  formed  a  portion  of  General  John  F.  Miller's 
command.  Though  too  late  to  take  part  in  the  battle  of  Nashville,  he 
saw  much  active  service  on  provost  guard  duty  in  and  around  Nashville 
in  guarding  trains  to  Chattanooga,  Huntsville,  and  other  military  posts 
and  doing  general  escort  duty  over  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  and  Alabama, 
frequently  being  in  command  of  the  detachments.  He  was  honorably 
discharged  from  the  service  at  Madison,  Wis.,  August  15,  1865 — his 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  329 

eighteenth  birthday.  He  then  returned  to  the  normal  school  at  Decorah, 
la.,  which  he  attended  until  1866,  when  he  crossed  the  plains  to  Denver 
in  the  employ  of  the  Western  Union  Telegraph  Company.  In  Colorado 
he  worked  at  the  trade  of  carpenter  for  a  time  and  then  engaged  in  min 
ing.  In  1868  he  came  to  Nevada  and  entered  the  employ  of  the  Central 
Pacific  Railroad  Company  in  the  construction  department,  in  which 
service  he  came  to  California  in  1869.  He  is  at  present  in  charge  of 
the  bridge  and  building  department  of  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad; 
was  the  foreman  in  the  construction  of  the  magnificent  mansion  of  Governor 
Stanford  in  San  Francisco,  and  also  the  costly  and  spacious  barns  and 
stables  at  his  Palo  Alto  ranch  and  likewise  of  the  Crocker  mansion  in 
San  Francisco.  He  belongs  to  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San 
Jose,  and  is  the  post  commander. 


SAMUEL   L.    HART. 

Was  born  at  Solon,  Courtland  County,  N.  Y. ;  has  been  by  occupation 
a  gunsmith,  machinist,  commercial  traveler,  and  manufacturer;  enlisted 
in  the  roth  Wisconsin  Infantry  in  August,  1861,  and  commissioned  ad 
lieutenant;  re-enlisted  in  the  4ist  Wisconsin  Infantry  in  June,  1864,  in 
which  he  was  commissioned  captain;  was  assistant  signal-officer  of  the 
4th  Division,  Army  of  the  Tennessee;  was  in  the  battles  at  Pittsburg 
Landing,  the  siege  of  Corinth,  and  Forrest's  raid  into  Memphis;  under 
the  orders  of  General  Nelson  Lieutenant  Hart  crossed  the  river  at  Pitts- 
burg  Landing  under  fire,  as  bearer  of  dispatches  to  General  Buell,  whom 
he  found  on  the  field  and  flag  signaled  General  Buell' s  orders  across  to 
his  commander.  Comrade  Hart  was  finally  discharged  in  October,  1864, 
and  draws  a  pension  for  disease  contracted  in  line  of  duty  during  the 
war.  Is  a  member  of  Burnside  Post,  No.  36,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of 
California,  at  Tombstone,  Arizona,  his  place  of  residence. 


HIRAM   P.  THOMPSON. 

Born  in  Wilson,  Niagara  County,  N.  Y.;  was  a  farmer  until  eighteen 
years  old;  served  as  a  soldier  until  twenty -two  years  of  age;  since  then 
has  been  a  merchant.  Enlisted  August  19,  1861,  in  Company  H,  49th 
New  York  Regiment,  and  served  as  private,  orderly-sergeant,  and  regi 
mental  commissary-sergeant;  in  the  3d  Brigade,  ad  Division,  of  the  6th 
Army  Corps;  was  commissioned  as  a  lieutenant  but  never  mustered  as 
such;  was  present  and  participated  in  the  battles  at  Antietam,  Wilderness, 


880  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Fredericksburg,  first  and  second  Bull  Run,  Winchester,  Cedar  Creek,  Fos 
ter's  Hill,  Petersburg,  and  Washington;  was  wounded  in  the  shoulder  at 
Fredericksburg;  mustered  out  July  25,  1865.  Comrade  Thompson  is  a 
member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  5,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Illinois, 
with  headquarters  at  Chicago.  Is  a  prominent  and  successful  grocer  of 
Chicago,  Ills.,  in  which  city  he  has  held  various  positions  of  trust;  was  a 
member  of  the  board  of  aldermen  for  four  years;  was  chairman  of  the 
committee  on  fire  and  water  of  that  body  for  three  years;  was  nominated 
for  collector  of  west  Chicago  for  two  terms  of  one  year  each ;  has  been  com 
mander  of  his  G.  A.  R.  post  and  is  at  present  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the 
department  of  Illinois;  is  president  of  the  Comrade  Publishing  Company, 
president  of  the  Grand  Army  Building  and  Loan  Association,  and  an  active 
member  of  manv  other  social  and  societv  clubs. 


AUGUST   RUDOLPH. 

Was  born  in  the  city  of  Bergen,  Norway,  May  22,  1842;  came  to 
America  in  1862;  is  by  occupation  a  sail-maker.  Shipped  in  the  U.  S. 
Navy  October  n,  1864,  and  served  on  board  the  Unadilla  and  Mohongo 
as  sail-maker's  mate  in  charge;  was  on  the  blockade  off  the  coast  of  North 
Carolina;  was  in  the  engagements  at  Fort  Fisher,  and  all  the  engagements 
on  Cape  Fear  River  until  the  capture  of  Wilmington,  after  which  date 
was  present  and  took  part  in  the  operations  on  the  James  River  until  the 
capture  of  Richmond;  was  under  the  command  of  Captain  Francis  Ram 
say  in  the  Unadilla,  and  Captain  J.  W.  A.  Nicholson  in  the  Mohongo. 
Came  to  California  in  1874,  having  resided  previously  in  Chicago;  is  at 
present  a  resident  of  Oakland,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  Lyon  Post  at  that 
place. 

STEPHEN    BOWERS. 

Was  born  March  3,  1832,  in  Dearborn  County,  Ind.;  is  a  minister  of 
the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  and  of  late  years  an  editor.  Enlisted  in 
the  67th  Indiana  Infantry  in  August,  1861,  and  served  as  ist  lieutenant 
and  chaplain,  in  the  department  of  Ohio;  was  in  three  battles  in  Ken 
tucky;  resigned  in  August,  1862,  on  account  of  ill-health;  in  civil  life, 
comrade  Bowers  entered  the  Indiana  Conference  in  1856,  and  has  con 
tinued  in  the  active  work  of  the  ministry  for  over  twenty  years,  filling 
several  of  the  most  important  positions  in  his  Church;  was  awarded  the 
degree  of  Master  of  Arts  by  the  Indiana  State  University,  and  that  of 
Doctor  of  Philosophy-  from  the  Willamette  University;  was  connected 
with  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey  in  1867,  with  headquarters  at  Santa 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  331 

Barbara,  Cal. ;  was  afterwards  engaged  in  scientific  work  in  Wisconsin  for 
the  Bureau  of  Ethnology  in  Washington;  since  which  time  the  doctor  has 
devoted  himself  to  editorial  work,  first  on  the  Christian  Herald,  and  after-  __ 
wards  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Beloit  daily  Outlook;  later  on,  remov 
ing  to  Nebraska,  he  started  a  paper  in  Falls  City,  where  he  remained  a 
year  and  a  half,  when  he  returned  to  California  and  purchased  the  Ventura 
Free  Press;  the  editing  and  publishing  of  which  has  occupied  his  time 
and  attention  for  the  past  three  years.  Comrade  Bowers  is  a  member  of 
Gushing  Post,  No.  44,  at  his  place  of  residence,  San  Buenaventura,  Cal. 


LEWIS   EBINGER. 

Was  born  in  WTurtemberg,  Germany,  in  August,  1846;  occupation  a 
baker.  Enlisted  March  9,  1865,  in  the  21 5th  Pennsylvania  Regiment, 
and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Army  Corps;  was  in  the 
battle  at  Harper's  Ferry,  and  numerous  skirmishes;  was  mustered  out 
November  15,  1865.  Comrade  Ebinger  is  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett 
Post,  No.  6,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


JAMES  KNOX  POLK  SHAW. 

Was  born  September  16,  1845,  ^n  the  State  of  Ohio;  in  early  life  was  a 
merchant;  is  now  the  president  and  manager  of  the  Cleveland  Paint  Manu 
facturing  Company  at  Portland,  Or.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  i5th  Ohio 
Infantry,  April  22,  1861;  re-enlisted  in  Company  C  of  the  3ist  Regiment 
from  the  same  State,  and  was  continuously  in  the  service  to  the  close  of 
the  war,  and  was  a  private  throughout;  was  attached  to  the  i4th  Army 
Corps;  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  in  the  left  shoulder,  and 
at  Kenesaw  Mountain  in  left  ankle.  Is  a  member  of  Garfield  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Portland,  Oregon. 

W.   T.   SIMMONS. 

Of  St.  Helena,  Cal.;  was  born  in  Green  County,  Ills.,  January  29, 
1843;  has  been  a  contractor  and  builder;  is  a  carpenter  by  trade;  at  present 
a  dealer  in  furniture  and  undertaker.  Enlisted  at  Springfield,  Ills.,  in  a 
company  which  finally  formed  a  part  of  the  nth  Missouri  Infantry;  held 
position  of  regimental  adjutant  and  quartermaster,  and  was  aid-de-camp 
on  General  Hubbard's  staff;  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  of  Company 
C,  nth  Missouri  Veteran  Infantry,  in  December,  1864;  served  with  Pope's 
Army  of  Mississippi;  Rosecrans'  Army  of  Tennessee,  Sherman's  Corps, 


332  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

and  A.  J.  Smith's  i6th  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Frederick- 
town,  New  Madrid,  Island  No.  10,  Farmington,  Miss.,  siege  of  Corinth, 
Juka,  Waterford,  Battle  of  Corinth,  Jackson,  Big  Black,  Vicksburg, 
Tupelo,  Nashville,  and  Spanish  Fort;  was  wounded  in  right  shoulder  by 
fragment  of  shell  at  Battery  Robinet,  Corinth;  captured  battle-flag  at  bat 
tle  of  Nashville;  after  which  he  was,  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War, 
sent  to  Washington,  where  he  received  a  medal  of  honor  and  thirty  days' 
leave  of  absence;  rejoining  his  regiment  at  Spanish  Fort,  he  was  in  com 
mand  of  his  company  until  the  close  of  the  war;  after  the  war,  was  made 
provost  marshal  at  Marion,  Ala. ;  was  detailed  by  General  Hubbard  to 
collect  com,  in  the  vicinity  of  Demopolis,  Selma,  and  Tuscaloosa;  col 
lected  about  100,000  bushels,  which  had  been  sold  to  the  Confederate 
government  and  paid  for  before  the  collapse  of  Lee's  army.  Comrade 
Simmons  was  officer  of  the  day  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  2,  at  Springfield, 
Ills.,  in  July,  1866,  the  time  of  the  first  department  convention  of  the 
G.  A.  R.;was  the  first  commander  of  Kilpatrick  Post,  No.  38,  depart 
ment  of  California,  of  which  he  is  at  present  a  member.  Comrade  Sim 
mons  has  been  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  St.  Helena  for  five 
years  in  succession;  was  chief  of  fire  department  for  eight  years,  and  is  a 
director  in  the  Veterans'  Home  Association. 


LUCIUS    F.    HUBBARD. 

Was  born  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  January  26,  1836;  he  served  an  apprentice 
ship  at  the  tinner's  trade  at  Salem,  N.  Y.,  and  worked  at  that  trade  in  Chi 
cago  from  1854  to  1857,  when,  removing  to  Red  Wing,  Minn.,  he  started 
and  edited  the  Red  WTing  Republican,  which  enterprise  still  flourishes. 
Comrade  Hubbard  was  elected  register  of  deeds  of  Goodhue  Count}-, 
Minn.,  in  1858;  was  a  defeated  candidate  for  the  State  senate  in  1861. 
Enlisted  in  the  5th  Minnesota  Infantry  in  December,  1861,  as  a  private; 
was  elected  captain  of  his  company  on  the  organization  of  the  regiment 
in  the  month  of  March  following;  Captain  Hubbard  was  advanced  to  the 
rank  of  lieutenant-colonel ;  the  regiment  joined  the  army  under  General 
Pope  before  Corinth,  Miss. ,  and  was  assigned  to  the  ad  Brigade,  ist  Division, 
i6th  Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Farmington  four  days  after, 
joining  Pope's  army,  and  Col.  Hubbard  was  severely  wounded;  in  the 
August  following  was  promoted  to  the  colonelcy  of  his  regiment  through 
the  resignation  of  Colonel  Borgersrode,  from  which  time  on  was  actively 
engaged,  as  shown  by  the  simple  statement  that  he  participated  in  twenty- 
four  battles,  among  which  are  the  following:  Farmington,  luka,  second 
battle  of  Corinth,  Jackson,  and  Mississippi  Springs,  siege  of  Vicksburg, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  333 

Richmond,  La. ;  was  on  the  Red  River  expedition,  and  fought  seven  battles 
in  Louisiana,  ending  with  that  at  Greenfield ;  was  at  the  battle  of  Nash 
ville,  where  two  horses  were  shot  under  him,  and  he  was  himself  badly 
wounded;  was  promoted  to  brigadier-general  by  brevet  just  after  this 
battle;  Colonel  Hubbard  commanded  his  brigade  in  this  and  other  battles. 
In  February,  1865,  he  went  with  his  command  to  New  Orleans,  and  subse 
quently  to  Mobile,  and  took  part  in  the  active  operations  about  that  city 
and  the  Spanish  Fort,  the  5th  Minnesota  being  the  first  regiment  to  enter 
and  take  possession  of  the  fort  on  its  surrender.  Comrade  Hubbard  was 
mustered  out  at  Mobile  in  October  of  the  same  year;  returning  to  his  home, 
he  engaged  in  the  grain  business  at  Red  Wing,  and  soon  thereafter  in 
milling  operations  on  a  large  scale,  and  has  since  been  prominently  con 
nected  with  railway  matters;  was  elected  to  the  State  senate  in  1872  and 
again  in  1874;  in  1881  was  elected  governor  of  Minnesota  by  27,857 
majority,  the  largest  majority  ever  received  by  any  governor  of  that  State; 
was  re-elected  in  1883.  Is  a  member  of  Acker  Post,  No.  21,  of  St.  Paul, 
Minn.,  his  place  of  residence. 


EDMOND  D.   SHIRLAND. 

Was  born  in  Washington  County,  N.  Y.,  July  23,  1830,  and  is  by 
occupation  a  live-stock  dealer;  recruited  Company  C,  ist  California  Cavalry, 
and  was  commissioned  its  captain  September  16,  1861;  marched  with  his 
company  from  Los  Angeles,  Cal. ,  through  Arizona  and  New  Mexico,  to 
Western  Texas,  where  it  was  for  some  time  stationed ;  was  in  twelve  Indian 
fights;  resigned  August  15,  1863;  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
of  Sacramento,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident;  Captain  Shirland  is  also  a 
veteran  of  the  Mexican  War;  came  to  California  in  1847  ^n  the  Ist  New 
York  Volunteers,  Colonel  Stevenson's  regiment;  has  been  vice-president 
of  the  Sacramento  Society  of  California  Pioneers,  and  vice-president  of 
the  Society  of  California  Volunteers;  from  1866  to  1868  was  county  clerk 
of  Sacramento  County. 

SAMUEL   KUTZ. 

Born  at  Reading,  Berks  County,  Pa.,  February  13,  1847;  a  carpenter 
by  trade.  Enlisted  December  26,  1863,  in  Company  D  of  the  gist  Illi 
nois  Infantry,  and  served  as  drummer;  was  attached  to  the  i3th  Army 
Corps;  was  in  the  battles  at  Spanish  Fort  and  Fort  Blakely,  Mobile,  Ala., 
and  skirmish  at  Whistler,  Ala. ;  in  July,  1865,  was  transferred  to  Com 
pany  K,  28th  Illinois  Infantry,  and  was  mustered  out  March  i,  1866.  Is 
a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  No.  6,  department  of  California,  with 


334  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

headquarters  at  Los  Angeles;  resided  in  Morris,  Ills.,  from  the  time  he 
was  eight  years  old  until  he  entered  the  service  as  drummer-boy  at  the 
age  of  fifteen  years;  arrived  in  Los  Angeles,  California,  in  1874,  and 
worked  at  trade  for  two  years,  when  he  was  elected  by  City  Council  as 
overseer  of  city  prisoners;  has  held  the  office  of  adjutant  of  his  post  for 
the  past  two  years. 

JOHN    N.    MOORE. 

A  resident  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  was  born  in  Belfast,  Me.,  March  17, 
1843,  and  by  occupation  is  a  machinist.  He  enlisted  in  Company  D,  igih 
Maine  Volunteers,  July  24,  1862,  his  regiment  forming  a  portion  of  the 
1st  Brigade,  2d  Division,  2d  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg.  While  in  the  winter  camp  at 
Falmouth,  Va.,  directly  across  the  river  from  the  scene  of  battle,  he 
became  so  ill  in  consequence  of  exposure  as  to  be  rendered  unfit  for  duty 
and  was  therefore  discharged  from  service  in  March,  1863,  on  surgeon's 
certificate  of  disability.  He  is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Sacramento,  and  is  quartermaster  of  post,  which  position  he  has  held  for 
three  terms. 

W.  F.  SUTHERLAND. 

Born  in  Biddeford,  Me.,  November  28,  1845;  by  occupation  a  trav 
eling  salesman.  Enlisted  in  the  U.  S.  Engineer  Battalion  October  19, 
1861,  and  served  as  sergeant  of  engineers,  Company  B,  at  headquarters  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  1861-65;  was  engaged  in  all  the  campaigns 
of  that  army;  was  very  young  at  date  of  first  enlistment.  Re-enlisted  at 
Brandy  Station,  Va.,  in  1864;  was  constantly  engaged  at  the  front,  run 
ning  parallels,  laying  outworks,  putting  in  magazines,  throwing  pontoons, 
laying  out  and  building  military  roads,  etc. ;  was  honorably  discharged 
from  the  service  in  February,  1867.  Comrade  Sutherland  is  a  member 
of  Mclntyre  Post,  No.  66,  of  Austin,  Minn.,  his  place  of  residence;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  nineteenth  encampment,  and  served  on  the  staff  of  Com- 
mander-in- Chief  Burdett  in  1885-86. 

AUSTIN  F.  UMBARGER. 

Was  born  in  Wytheville,  Va.,  August  6,  1837;  occupations  have  been 
farming  and  fruit-raising.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  34th  Illinois  Volun 
teer  Infantry,  September  7,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private,  corporal,  and 
sergeant;  was  attached  to  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  i4th  Army  Corps; 
engaged  in  battles  of  Shiloh,  siege  of  Corinth,  Stone  River,  Mission 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  335 

Ridge,  Lookout  Mountain,  and  in  all  the  engagements  from  Chattanooga 
to  Atlanta;  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  December 
31,  1862,  and  was  confined  in  Libby  Prison,  Richmond,  Va.,  for  thirty- 
four  days,  then  paroled  and  sent  to  Jefferson  Barracks,  Mo.,  where  he  was 
exchanged;  rejoined  regiment  at  Murfreesboro,  Tenn.,  in  April,  1863;  was 
mustered  out  of  service,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term,  in  September, 
1864;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose,  Cal.,  near 
which  city  he  has  a  farm  and  orchard. 

WILLIAM   S.  THORNE. 

Was  born  in  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  February  14,  1835;  is  by  occupation  a 
machinist.  Entered  the  U.  S.  Navy  in  April,  1862;  was  attached  to  the 
flotilla  of  gunboats  patrolling  the  Tennessee  River  between  Bridgeport 
Landing  and  the  falls  at  Corinth;  in  frequent  engagements  with  the  rebel 
artillery  and  troops  on  shore;  was  very  seriously  injured,  in  an  action 
below  Pittsburg  Landing,  by  a  shell  from  the  enemy  bursting  over  his 
head,  causing  concussion  of  the  brain  and  rendering  him  unfit  for  duty, 
in  consequence  of  which  disability  he  was  discharged  from  service  in 
August,  1862.  He  is  a  resident  of  Sacramento,  and  a  member  of  Fair 
Oaks  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  that  city. 

HARRY   MOORE. 

Was  born  in  Logan  County,  Ohio,  June  5,  1838;  is  a  carpenter  by 
trade.  Enlisted  April  22,  1861,  in  Company  F  of  the  23d  Ohio  Infantry, 
and  served  as  a  private;  was  mustered  out  as  2d  sergeant,  July  25,  1865; 
was  attached  to  the  8th  and  gth  Army  Corps;  was  present  and  took  part 
in  the  battles  at  Carnifax  Ferry,  South  Mountain,  Lexington,  Va.,  Perry- 
ville,  Winchester,  Fisher's  Hill,  Cedar  Creek,  and  many  others  under  the 
leadership  of  General  Sheridan;  at  Cedar  Creek  his  life  was  saved  by  a 
deck  of  cards,  which  was  struck  by  a  bullet;  the  cards  are  now  in  his  pos 
session.  Comrade  Moore  is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  of  Sacramento, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

JOHN  R.  SMELSER. 

Was  born  in  Washington  County,  Iowa,  November  8,  1845;  n^s  occu 
pations  in  life  have  been  those  of  farmer  and  mechanic.  Enlisted  in  Com 
pany  E,  loth  Iowa  Volunteer  Infantry,  September  16,  1861,  and  served 
as  a  private;  his  regiment  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  of 
iyth  Army  Corps,  and  afterwards  of  i5th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles 


336  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

of  luka,  Corinth,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  at  Lookout  Mountain,  Mission 
Ridge,  Atlanta,  Resaca,  and  all  the  engagements  of  Sherman's  campaign; 
was  present  at  the  surrender  of  Johnston  and  in  the  grand  review  at 
Washington  city;  was  constantly  with  the  regiment  through  the  entire 
four  years  of  service,  never  sick  a  day  and,  though  exposed  to  the  same 
danger  as  less  fortunate  comrades  in  the  numerous  battles,  escaped  without 
a  wound;  he  is  a  resident  of  San  Jose,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  John  A. 
Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  which  he  is  a  past  officer. 


WILLIAM   B.   MAYDWELL. 

Was  born  in  Northamptonshire,  England,  August  27,  1840,  and  is  by 
occupation  a  book-keeper.  Enlisted  May  14,  1864,  in  Company  A,  I34th 
Illinois  Volunteers,  one  of  the  hundred  days'  regiments  called  out  by  the 
President  for  special  service;  was  engaged  in  scouting  duty  in  Kentucky, 
and  in  Missouri  in  pursuit  of  the  rebel  forces  under  General  Price  in  his 
celebrated  raid  in  that  State  in  the  fall  of  1864;  was  mustered  out,  by 
reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service,  October  25,  1864.  Is  a  member 
of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  of  which  city  he  is  a 
resident. 

GRANVILLE  W.  BANNING. 

Born  near  Ashland,  Ashland  County,  Ohio,  in  1847.  Enlisted  in 
the  ist  Independent  Battery-  of  Colorado  Volunteers,  on  November  25, 
1862;  was  on  the  plains  until  1864,  when  the  battery  was  ordered  to 
Lawrence,  Kas.,  where  it  was  furnished  new  guns  and  was  opposed  to 
General  Price  on  his  last  raid,  following  him  as  far  as  the  Arkansas 
River;  returning  to  Leavenworth,  was  mustered  out  in  August  1865. 
Comrade  Banning  is  a  member  of  Williamsburg  Post,  No.  116,  with 
headquarters  at  Williams,  Colusa  County,  Cal.,  his  present  place  of 
residence. 

DAVID   A.    SMITH. 

Was  born  in  Erie  County,  N.  Y. ,  June  10,  1839;  is  by  occupation  a 
merchant;  enlisted  in  Company  D,  2oth  Illinois  Infantry,  April  22,  1861; 
belonged  to  the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  commanded  by  General  McCler- 
nard;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Frederickstown,  Mo.,  Fort  Henry, 
Tenn.,  Fort  Donelson,  and  Shiloh;  the  brigade  to  which  he  was  attached 
in  the  battle  of  Donelson  held  the  road  that  leads  to  Clarksville  on  the 
Cumberland  River  for  four  days,  constantly  fighting;  it  was  snowing  part 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  337 

of  the  time  and  the  men  were  without  overcoats  or  blankets;  was  shot  at 
Shiloh  in  left  leg;  a  severe  attack  of  measles  when  at  Cape  Girardeau, 
Mo.,  in  the  middle  of  August,  1862,  left  him  totally  blind;  it  was  nearly 
three  years  before  he  regained  his  sight;  was  honorably  discharged  from 
service  at  Jackson,  Tenn.,  in  October,  1862;  is  a  member  of  Antietam 
Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Petaluma,  Cal. ,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 

JOHN  W.   SMITH. 

Was  born  in  Dearborn  County,  Ind. .  October  15,  1823;  was  a  farmer 
previous  to  the  war.  Enlisted  October  26,  1861,  in  Company  F  of  the 
9th  Kansas  Regiment,  and  served  as  a  private  until  November  25th  of  the 
following  year;  re-enlisted  the  next  April  in  Company  I,  i6th  Kansas 
Regiment;  was  in  the  battles  of  Westport,  Mine  Creek,  Fort  Scott,  Natona, 
and  numerous  skirmishes;  was  finally  discharged,  May  26,  1865.  Com 
rade  Smith  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  his  present 
place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM  P.   BARNETT. 

Was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  March  26,  1831;  has  been  a  farmer  and 
is  at  present  a  lumberman.  Enlisted  in  the  22d  Illinois  Volunteers  June 
n,  i86i,and  served  as  a  private;  belonging  at  the  time  to  the  command 
of  General  Pope,  and  was  at  the  capture  of  Island  No.  10;  was  also  engaged 
in  the  battles  of  luka,  Miss.,  Corinth,  Stone  River,  Nashville,  and  Chicka- 
mauga;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  July  7,  1864;  is  a  resi 
dent  of  Petaluma,  Cal. 

NELSON   A.  McCOY. 

Was  born  in  Ashtabula,  Ohio,  March  14,  1829;  is  a  night  watchman 
and  teamster.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  yth  California  Infantry,  Novem 
ber  22,  1864;  served  in  Arizona  and  New  Mexico;  was  acting  quarter 
master-sergeant;  mustered  out  in  the  summer  of  1865.  Is  a  member  of 
Suinner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Sacramento,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 

WILLIAM   E.    MILLS. 

Was  born  at  Darien,  Fairfield  County,  Conn.,  March  24,  1844;  his 
occupation  before  the  war  was  that  of  mechanic,  since  has  been  that  of 
engineer.  He  enlisted  in  Company  B,  lyth  Connecticut  Volunteers, 
August  n,  1862,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  -ist  Division, 
nth  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Chancellorsville  and  Gettysburg; 

w 


338  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

was  slightly  wounded  in  the  last-named  battle;  was  taken  sick  in  camp 
and  sent  to  hospital  in  Philadelphia;  rejoined  his  regiment  after  recovery 
at  Folly  Islands,  S.  C.,  and  proceeded  with  it  to  Florida;  with  his  entire 
company  was  captured  while  on  a  foraging  expedition  up  St.  John's 
River;  was  for  a  time  confined  in  Andersonville;  when  exchanged  was 
sent  to  Annapolis,  Md.,  and  granted  a  sick-leave  home;  again  rejoined 
regiment  at  the  front  and  was  mustered  out  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  July 
25,  1865;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Jose,  Cal., 
of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 


JOHN   H.    HIENDS. 

At  present  a  resident  of  Portland,  Or. ;  was  born  in  Cuxhaven,  Ger 
many;  came  to  the  United  States  as  a  sailor  boy  in  1844;  in  1847  an(^ 
1848  served  in  the  transport  Major  Beach,  engaged  in  supplying  the 
army  at  Vera  Cruz  and  Fort  San  Juan  d'Ulloa;  entered  the  service  in  May, 
1862;  commanded  the  U.  S.  steam  transport  Comargo,  and  later  the  Corin 
thian,  both  under  the  control  of  the  quartermaster's  department  of  the 
army,  Department  of  the  Gulf;  was  present  at  the  taking  of  Port  Hudson, 
and  after  its  surrender  took  General  Gardner  and  other  paroled  prisoners 
to  New  Orleans;  was  actively  employed  during  the  Mississippi  campaign 
provisioning  the  different  stations;  in  transporting  troops  and  taking 
wounded  soldiers  to  the  nearest  hospitals;  these  ships  acted  as  dispatch 
and  relief  boats,  following  up  the  army  advances,  and  had  on  board  a 
detachment  of  the  nth  Connecticut  Battery,  which  frequently  skirmished 
with  guerrillas  and  rebel  sharpshooters  along  the  shores  of  the  southern 
rivers;  at  the  time  of  the  overflow  of  the  Teche  country  was  sent  to  rescue 
the  people  of  Tigerville,  which  was  entirely  underwater;  it  was  necessary 
to  take  the  people  from  the  tops  of  houses  and  trees;  he  had  with  him  a 
pilot  by  the  name  of  Wm.  C.  Hunt,  who  being  a  rebel  spy  purposely  ran 
the  ship  ashore  about  two  hundred  yards  from  a  guerrilla  camp;  the  Con 
federates  promptly  opened  fire,  wounding  several  of  the  ship's  crew,  Mr. 
Hiends  being  one  of  the  unfortunates;  the  ship  was  soon  got  afloat  again 
and  ran  to  a  place  of  safety;  the  pilot  was  promptly  thrown  overboard, 
and  has  not  been  heard  of  since;  this  conduct  of  Captain  Hiends  was  highly 
approved  of  at  headquarters;  returning  to  New  Orleans,  was  presented 
with  a  handsome  American  flag  by  his  citizen  friends;  the  same  flag, 
appropriately  marked,  now  decorates  the  G.  A.  R.  hall  of  Portland,  Or. 
The  Corinthian  was  the  second  steamer  to  take  provisions  and  supplies  to 
Vicksburg  after  its  surrender,  and  took  back  to  New  Orleans  480  wounded 
soldiers.  The  New  Orleans  Times  of  that  date  speaks  very  highly  of  the 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  339 

manner  in  which  this  duty  was  performed;  Captain  Hiendswas  principally 
employed  on  the  coast  of  Texas;  after  taking-  a  garrison  to  Fort  Esperanza, 
in  Madagoda  Bay,  in  the  winter  of  1864,  was  in  the  great  hurricane  in 
which  so  many  ships  and  lives  were  lost;  after  successfully  weathering  the 
storm  he  discovered  the  troop-ship  Rebecca  Clyde,  with  900  soldiers  on 
board,  her  rudder  and  propeller  gone,  riding  at  anchor  off  the  beach  in 
seven  fathoms  of  water ;  at  great  risk  and  peril  rescued  her  from  the  break 
ers  and  towed  her  to  New  Orleans;  for  this  act  he  was  highly  complimented 
by  the  department ;  wras  present  at  the  taking  of  Mobile.  Comrade  Hiends 
is  a  member  of  the  Farragut  Veteran  Association  of  New  York,  and  a 
•member  of  the  council  of  administration,  department  of  Oregon,  G.  A.  R., 
and  junior  vice-commander  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  4,  of  Portland,  Or. 


GEORGE   W.  TIBBITTS. 

Was  born  January  22,  1845,  a*  Acton,  Me.;  has  been  and  is  a  mer 
chant  and  farmer.  Enlisted  August  12,  1861,  in  Company  F  of  the  4th 
New  Hampshire  Regiment;  was  attached  to  the  loth  Army  Corps,  taking 
part  in  the  battles  at  Port  Royal,  Pocotaligo,  Drewry's  Bluff,  Petersburg, 
Bermuda  Hundred,  Deep  Bottom,  and  the  siege  of  Charleston;  was  cap 
tured  at  Deep  Bottom;  honorably  discharged  the  service  at  Concord, 
N.  H.,  June  30,  1864.  Went  to  Washington  Territory  in  1874;  was 
elected  to  the  Territorial  Legislature  from  King's  County  in  1878;  has 
been  postmaster  and  justice  of  the  peace  for  ten  years;  was  elected  brig 
adier-general  of  the  Territorial  Militia  in  1882.  Comrade  Tibbitts  is  a 
member  of  Stevens  Post,  No.  i,  of  Seattle,  W.  Ty. ;  is  a  past  commander 
of  his  post,  and  resides  at  Squak  Valley,  King  County,  W.  Ty. 


IRA   C.    SHAW. 

Was  born  in  Middleboro,  Plymouth  County,  Mass.,  May  20,  1836, 
and  is  by  occupation  a  pattern-maker.  Enlisted  at  the  first  call  for  three 
months'  volunteers  by  President  Lincoln,  but  the  quota  of  the  State  of 
Massachusetts  being  full  the  company  of  which  he  was  a  member  was 
refused  muster;  enlisted  for  three  years  in  Company  C,  29th  Massachusetts 
Volunteers,  May  18,  1861;  served  as  a  private  and  musician;  was  first  sta 
tioned  at  Newport  News;  took  part  in  the  capture  of  Norfolk;  the  regiment 
was  afterwards  assigned  to  Meagher's  brigade,  Richardson's  division,  in 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  in  all  the  battles  of  the  Peninsular  cam 
paign  under  General  McClellan  to  Malvern  Hill,  where  he  was  wounded 
in  the  right  arm  by  the  fragment  of  a  shell;  was  in  the  battles  of  South 


340  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Mountain,  Antietam,  and  Fredericksbnrg ;  after  which  was  again  stationed 
at  Newport  News,  where  in  the  spring  of  1863  he  was  discharged,  by 
reason  of  disability;  has  been  employed  in  the  railroad  shops  at  Sacra 
mento  since  1864,  and  has  had  charge  of  the  pattern  department  since 
1870;  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Sacramento,  Cal. 

* 

ERASTUS   ROOT   McKINNEY. 

Of  Lacon,  Marshall  County,  Ills.;  was  born  May  30,  1834,  and  is  by 
occupation  a  carpenter,  also  florist  and  nurseryman.  Enlisted  in  Company 
I,  nth  Illinois  Volunteers,  August  20,  1861,  and  served  as  a  corporal;  was 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  Fort  Henry,  Donelson,  and  Shiloh;  at  the  latter 
was  wounded  in  the  right  hip;  honorably  discharged  from  service  August 
20,  1862.  Is  a  member  of  Lacon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Lacon,  Ills.;  has  been 
its  adjutant,  quartermaster,  and  is  at  present  its  senior  vice-commander. 
Comrade  McKinney  holds  the  position  of  postmaster  at  Lacon. 

OTTAVIO   D.  CONTERNO. 

Was  born  in  Torino,  Italy,  September  29,  1835;  is  a  professor  of 
music.  Shipped  on  board  the  U.  S.  frigate  Constitution;  cruised  two 
years  in  the  Mediterranean;  came  to  America  in  1851;  in  February  of  the 
same  year  enlisted  as  a  musician  in  the  6th  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  served  one 
year;  again  enlisted  in  1852,  in  same  capacity,  in  2d  U.  S.  Artillery,  and 
served  five  years,  during  a  portion  of  which  time  participated  in  the  cam 
paign  against  the  Indians  in  Florida;  in  one  of  the  skirmishes  was  wounded 
by  a  poisoned  arrow  in  left  knee;  after  recovery,  was  a  victim  of  the  fever 
common  to  the  everglades  of  Florida;  shortly  after  expiration  of  term  of 
army  service,  again  joined  the  navy,  shipping  on  board  the  U.  S.  frigate 
Wabash  in  1858,  serving  on  her  in  the  Mediterranean  until  1859.  When 
war  between  Italy  and  Austria  was  seen  to  be  unavoidable,  comrade  Con- 
terno  asked  to  be  discharged,  in  order  to  participate  in  the  war  in  defense 
of  his  native  country.  On  the  alleged  account  of  absence  during  draft, 
notwithstanding  his  American  citizenship,  was  arrested  and  imprisoned  by 
the  authorities  of  Italy,  and  sentenced  to  ball  and  chain  for  one  year,  and 
to  eight  years'  military  service;  was  extradited  by  the  United  States  Gov 
ernment,  subsequently  returning  to  service  on  board  the  Wabash.  Studied 
music  in  Italy  for  a  year;  came  again  to  America  in  1861,  and  joined  the 
yth  Regiment,  New  York  National  Guard,  in  its  march  to  Washington. 
On  July  25,  1863,  enlisted  in  Company  i,  i2th  New  York  Cavalry,  and 
served  as  ist  sergeant  of  the  company,  and  later  on  as  sergeant-major  of 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  341 

the  regiment,  from  wlflch  position  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant,  com 
mission  bearing  date  of  February  28,  1865,  and  giving  rank  from  Decem 
ber  i,  1864;  was  attached  to  the  loth  Army  Corps;  engaged  in  the  battles 
at  Kinston  and  Wise's  Fork,  N.  C. ,  three  days'  fight,  and  numerous 
skirmishes;  was  acting  aid-de-camp  to  Major-General  Cox  in  March,  1865; 
during  same  month  was  placed  in  command  of  Company  A  of  his  regi 
ment,  and  subsequently  of  Company  M;  was  promoted  to  captain,  but  not 
mustered  on  account  of  close  of  war;  was  honorably  discharged  from  serv 
ice  July  9,  1865.  In  1871  was  leader  of  cavalry  depot  band,  U.  S.  service, 
at  Carlisle,  Pa.;  in  1873  was  appointed  leader  of  the  3d  U.  S.  Cavalry 
band,  and  in  1877  of  6th  U.  S.  Cavalry  band,  after  which  came  to  Cali 
fornia,  and  is  at  present  a  resident  of  San  Jose,  and  a  member  of  John  A. 
Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  that  city.  Mr.  Conterno  is  the  possessor  of  a 
silver  medal  from  the  Emperor  Napoleon  III. 

EDWARD   VAUGHN. 

Was  born  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  July  27,  1849,  and  is  by  occupa 
tion  a  machinist;  was  but  fourteen  years  and  five  months  old  when,  on 
December  12,  1863,  he  enlisted  in  Company  E,  3d  New  York  Volunteer 
Infantry;  served  in  New  York  harbor  until  June,  1864;  then  joined  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  in  front  of  Petersburg,  taking  part  in  the  siege 
until  January,  1865,  when  his  regiment  formed  a  portion  of  the  expedi 
tion  under  General  Terry  in  the  capture  of  Fort  Fisher,  in  the  storming 
of  which  he  was  slightly  wounded  in  the  left  leg;  was  also  in  the  action 
at  Facing  Station,  on  the  Danville  road;  belonged  to  the  loth  Army 
Corps,  and,  after  leaving  the  trenches  before  Petersbug,  served  in  North 
Carolina  to  the  close  of  the  war;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service 
September  12,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Sacra 
mento1,  and  ^resides  in  the  town  of  Washington,  Yolo  County,  Cal. 

TRUMAN   \V.   COLE. 

Born  in  New  Hudson,  Allegany  County,  N.  Y. ,  June  23,  1846;  was 
a  farmer  when  he  enlisted  at  Boscobel  in  the  35th  Wisconsin  Volunteers, 
but  was  rejected  on  account  of  age;  was  then  a  resident  of  Hickory  Grove 
Township,  Grant  County,  Wis. ;  in  December  of  the  same  year  enlisted 
as  a  recruit  in  the  33d  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private;  took 
part  in  General  Sherman's  campaign  against  Atlanta;  was  in  the  battle 
of  Nashville,  and  under  General  Canby  in  the  siege  of  Spanish  Fort  and 
the  capture  of  Mobile;  was  attached  to  the  i6th  Army  Corps;  was  badly 


342  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

hurt  by  a  fall,  on  steamboat,  while  en  route  to  N«*v  Orleans;  transferred 
to  nth  Wisconsin  Volunteers  in  July,  1865;  honorably  discharged  the 
service  at  Mobile,  Ala.,  September  6,  1865.  As  a  part  of  his  army  expe 
rience,  he  has  the  remembrance  of  living  on  shelled  corn  for  eight  days 
at  Eastport,  Miss. — to  which  place  he  had  proceeded  after  the  battle 
of  Nashville — on  account  of  communications  being  cut  off  by  rebel  forces. 
Comrade  Cole  is  a  resident  of  Green  Ridge,  Pettis  County,  Mo. ;  his  pres 
ent  occupation  is  that  of  photographer;  is  a  member  of  E.  D.  Baker  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Green  Ridge,  in  which  he  holds  the  position  of  adjutant. 

JOSEPH   R.  FARLEY. 

Was  born  in  Jackson.  Mich.,  April  4,  1843;  *s  a  carpenter  by  occu 
pation;  enlisted  in  Company  G,  ist  Colorado  Cavalry,  in  August,  1863,  an 
independent  force,  for  service  on  the  plains;  was  on  escort  duty  with 
Government  trains  and  overland  mail;  in  a  number  of  Indian  engage 
ments;  mustered  out  of  service  at  Leavenworth,  Kas.,  November  22, 
1865;  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal.,  of 
which  city  he  is  a  resident. 

WILLIAM  D.   FARLEY. 

Was  born  in  Jackson,  Mich.,  July  i,  1845,  and  is  a  carpenter  by  occu 
pation;  enlisted  at  the  same  time  as  his  brother  Joseph  R.  Farley- 
August,  1863 — in  Company  G,  ist  Colorado  Cavalry,  unattached;  was 
engaged  in  the  battle  at  Sand  Creek,  and  many  other  Indian  fights;  saw 
much  arduous  service  on  the  plains  in  escort  and  scouting  duty;  was  mus 
tered  out  of  service  at  Leavenworth,  Kas.,  November  22,  1865;  is  a  mem 
ber  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Jose,  Cal. ,  where  he  resides. 

CHARLES   CLINTON    BROWN. 

Was  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.^  February  9,  1822;  has  been  a  mer 
chant  and  real  estate  dealer.  Enlisted  May  16,  1861,  in  Company  C  of 
the  ist  Kansas  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private,  and  afterwards  as  2d 
lieutenant  in  the  y6th  and  i5th  Missouri  Cavalry;  served  principally  in 
Missouri;  was  in  General  Lyon's  command  at  Carthage,  and  at  Wilson's 
Creek,  where  Lyon  was'killed;  thence  to  Dry  wood,  and  with  ^Mulligan  at 
Lexington,  Pea  Ridge,  New  Ionia,  Mo.,  Springfield,  Prairie  Grove,  Ark., 
Duvall's  Bluff,  and  Helena,  Ark.;  was  with  the  Army  of  the  Mississippi 
through  the  campaigns  at  Shiloh  and  Vicksburg;  then  in  the  Department 
of  Arkansas,  Indian  Nation,  and  Missouri;  fighting  General  Price  on  his 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  34a 

celebrated  raid  in  1864?  and,  generally  in  Missouri,  fighting  bushwhackers" 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  shot  in  the  leg  at  the  battle  of  Grove 
Creek;  his  horse  was  killed  at  the  same  time,  and,  falling  on  him,  broke 
his  ankle,  in  consequence  of  which  was  six  weeks  off  duty;  he  was  also 
slightly  wounded  by  musket-ball  in  hip,  at  Springfield  in  1863.  Comrade 
Brown  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

HORRA   WILLIAM   REED. 

Was  born  in  Prussia,  August  26,  1841,  and  is  by  occupation  a  seaman; 
is  at  present  equipment  yeoman  U.  S.  steamer  Ranger,  on  surveying  duty  on 
Pacific  Coast;  entered  the  naval  service  April  9,  1862,  on  the  U.  S.  receiving 
ship  Ohio,  at  Boston,  Mass.,  and  was  transferred  to  the  fleet  at  Fortress  Mon 
roe,  Va.,  and  North  Atlantic  blockading  squadron;  was  at  the  shelling  of 
Sewall's  Point,  Va. ;  raid  up  Little  River,  N.  C. ;  several  engagements  with 
batteries  at  both  entrances  to  Wilmington,  N.  C. ;  cutting  out  blockade- 
runners,  etc.;  honorably  discharged  the  service  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  May  24, 
1864;  reshipped  in  naval  service  in  1869  as  seaman  for  the  Darien  sur 
veying  expedition;  was  appointed  quartermaster  and  then  pay  yeoman; 
again  re-entered  on  the  U.  S.  receiving  ship  Independence  at  Mare  Island, 
Cal.,  March  4,  1881,  and  was  transferred  to  the  U.  S.  steamer  Ranger, 
where  he  has  served  successively  as  quartermaster,  chief  quartermaster, 
and  as  ship's  yeoman  for  the  past  three  years,  which  position  he  still  occu 
pies;  in  addition  to  the  duties  of  yeoman,  has  acted  as  recorder  during  the 
extensive  surveys  made  by  the  Ranger  on  the  Mexican,  Central  American, 
and  Southern  California  coasts,  and  as  observer  and  recorder  of  the  tides, 
etc.,  pertaining  to  this  most  important  survey;  by  attention  to  duty  and 
general  reliability  comrade  Reed  has  won  the  respect  and  confidence  of 
the  officers  with  whom  he  has  served;  he  is  a  member  of  Farragut  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Vallejo,  Cal. 

MOSES    H.    THOMPSON. 

Of  ^Pendleton,  Or.;  was  born  in  Rhea  County,  Tenn.,  January  n, 
1841;  occupations  have  been  those  of  fanner,  U.  S.  mail  contractor,  con 
stable,  justice  of  the  peace,  and  U.  S.  deputy  marshal;  present  occupa 
tion  is  fanning;  served  during  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  in  the  following 
organizations,  viz.:  Enlisted  June  17,  1861,  in  Captain  Duncan's  Com 
pany,  Missouri  Home  Guard ;  was  at  home  on  furlough  during  the  siege 
and  capture  of  Lexington,  at  which  the  company  as  part  of  the  garrison 
was  captured  and  paroled  by  the  rebel  general  Price;  served  as  scout  and 
guide  for  the  Union  forces  operating  in  Missouri;  while  in  such  service 


344  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

participated  in  the  skirmish  of  Blackwater,  Mo.,  in  January,  1862,  battle 
of  High  Blue  Church  in  March,  1862,  and  the  fight  at  Aubrey,  Kas., 
at  which  place  he  was  captured  by  the  noted  guerrilla  chief  Quantrell. 
Enlisted  in  Company  E,  2d  Nebraska  Cavalry,  November  8,  1862,  and  served 
as  corporal;  the  regiment  composed  part  of  the  expedition  commanded  by 
General  Sully  against  the  Sioux  Indians;  was  in  the  engagement  at  the 
White  Stone  Hills  with  the  Sioux  and  the  three  days'  skirmishing  that 
followed;  honorably  discharged  at  Brownville,  Neb.,  December  n,  1863; 
enlisted  in  i2th  Kansas  Volunteers,  veteran;  was  present  at  the  siege  of 
Fort  Smith,  Ark.,  by  part  of  rebel  general  Price's  army  and  in  the  skir 
mish  at  Ozark;  mustered  out  June  30,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Kit  Carson 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Pendleton,  Or.,  and  has  been  officer  of  the  day  and  its 
adjutant. 

FRANK   A.    SMITH. 

A  resident  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  was  born  at  Manchester,  Vt. ,  August 
u,  1841;  a  book-keeper  by  occupation.  Enlisted  in  June,  1862,  in  Com 
pany  C  of  the  i4th  Vermont  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private  until  honor 
ably  discharged  in  August,  1863;  was  attached  successively  to  the  ist,  5th, 
and  2d  Army  Corps.  Comrade  Smith  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post  No.  3, 
G.  A.  R. ,  with  headquarters  at  his  place  of  residence. 

MESSENGER  EVERETT  GATES. 

Was  born  in  New  London,  N.  H.,  July  6,  1842;  occupations  in  life 
have  been  those  of  farmer  and  clerk.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  yth  Calfor- 
nia  Infantry,  October  5,  1864;  was  appointed  a  sergeant  and  for  a  time 
acted  as  sergeant-major;  was  stationed  in  Arizona,  engaged  in  watching 
and  skirmishing  with  Indians;  mustered  out  of  service  April  13,  1866;  is 
a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Sacramento;  has  been  junior 
vice-commander  and  one  term  inspector.  He  resides  in  Sacramento,  Cal. 


JOHN    F.   HAMMELL. 

Was  born  in  Harrison  County,  Md.,  May  7,  1847;  \e&  school  to  join 
the  army;  has  been  a  grocer  since  the  war.  Enlisted  September  20,  1862,  in 
Company  G  of  the  82d  Indiana  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was 
attached  to  the  i4th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  was  present 
at  and  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Stone  River,  Hoover's  Gap,  Chicka- 
mauga,  and  Mission  Ridge;  at  the  battle  of  Stone  River  was  detailed  for 
duty  with  the  4th  Michigan  Light  Artillery;  was  severely  injured  while 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  345 

driving  a  team,  from  the  effects  of  which  he  will  never  recover;  after  two 
months'  hospital  treatment,  returned  to  his  regiment;  in  January,  1865, 
was  transferred  to  the  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  from  which  he  was  finally 
discharged  July  7,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  A.  O.  Bachman  Post,  depart 
ment  of  Indiana,  with  headquarters  at  Madison,  his  present  place  of 
residence;  is  at  present  commander  of  his  post;  was  elected  a  delegate 
to  the  twentieth  national  encampment,  and  was  present  and  took  part  in 
its  proceedings. 

GEORGE   R.  WICKHAM. 

Of  Coquille  City,  Coos  County,  Or. ;  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York,  August  20,  1846;  has  been  engaged  in  fanning,  mining,  and  vari 
ous  other  occupations.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  gth  Michigan  Cavalry, 
October  29,  1862,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  in  the  fight  at  Buffington 
Island,  Ohio,  with  the  rebel  general  John  Morgan's  raiders;  in  the  battles 
of  Cumberland  Gap,  Knoxville,  siege  of  Atlanta,  and  the  other  engage 
ments  of  the  Tennessee  campaign;  attached  to  the  cavalry  division  of 
General  Kilpatrick  in  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea;  at  the  capture  of 
Savannah,  and  the  battle  of  Bentonville,  N.  C. ;  was  four  times  wounded: 
once  at  Lancaster  Court-house,  S.  C. ,  while  acting  as  a  scout,  and  after 
wards  three  times  on  Haw  River,  N.  C.,  March  29,  1865,  again  scouting. 
He  is  a  member  of  General  Lytle  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Coquille  City. 


CHARLES  H  BLINN. 

Was  born  January  27,  1843,  at  Burlington,  Vt. ;  has  been  a  clerk  and 
accountant;  is  at  present  permit  clerk  in  the  San  Francisco  Custom-house. 
Enlisted  August  21,  1861,  in  the  ist  Vermont  Cavalry,  and  served  as  a 
private;  was  attached  to  Sheridan's  Cavalry  Corps;  was  in  the  engage 
ments  at  Gettysburg,  Chancellorsville,  Wilderness,  Cold  Harbor,  Winches 
ter,  Cedar  Creek,  Fisher's  Hill,  and  twenty-six  skirmishes;  was  slightly 
wounded  in  the  head;  was  captured  at  Middletown,  Va. ,  May  25,  1862, 
in  a  cavalry  charge  led  by  General  N.  P.  Banks  in  person;  his  horse  was 
killed  by  a  cannon-ball  from  a  battery  not  more  than  300  yards  away;  fell 
with  sixteen  others  and  was  passed  over  by  a  whole  company  of  the  ist 
Maine  Cavalry;  was  in  prison  at  Lynchburg  and  Belle  Island,  from  May 
25th  to  September  i7th  of  the  same  year;  his  regiment  has  the  honor  of 
having  captured  at  Cedar  Creek  forty-two  guns,  the  largest  number  of 
pieces  of  artillery  taken  by  any  one  regiment  during  the  war;  was  honorably 
discharged  in  November,  1864;  since  the  war,  was  one  year  in  the  Ver 
mont  Central  Railroad  office  at  St.  Albans;  two  years  chief  clerk  in  the 


346  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Welden  House  at  same  place,  and  Ottawa  Hotel  at  Montreal,  Canada;  six 
years  in  an  important  position  with  Wells,  Fargo  &  Go's  express  com 
pany;  three  years  a  journalist,  and  seven  years  a  permit  clerk  in  the  San 
Francisco  Custom-house,  and  four  years  secretary  of  the  Pacific  Coast 
Association  of  Native  Sons  of  Vermont;  in  the  Grand  Anny,  is  a  member 
of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  department  of  California,  of  which  he 
has  been  quartermaster-sergeant,  1883  to  1886,  and  in  the  department  of 
California  assistant  quartermaster-general,  1884;  acting  assistant  adjutant- 
general,  1884,  aid-de-camp  staff  of  Commander-in-Chief,  R-  B.  Beath;  sec 
retary  and  quartermaster-sergeant,  George  H.  Thomas  Veteran  Guard,  and 
a  representative  to  the  department  encampment,  1885-86. 

FREDERICK   LINDNER. 

Was  born  in  Bavaria,  Germany,  June  14,  1845;  a  paper-roller  by 
occupation.  Enlisted  in  Company  B  of  the  ist  New  York  Mounted  Rifles, 
in  the  spring  of  1864,  and  served  as  a  musician;  was  present  at  the  bat 
tles  at  Bermuda  Hundred,  Deep  Bottom,  Dutch  Gap  Canal,  and  James 
River  Crossing;  was  present  at  the  siege  of  and  first  entry  into  Richmond 
on  its  surrender;  was  finally  mustered  out  at  Albany  in  November,  1865. 
Comrade  Lindner  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Sacramento, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

GEORGE  M.   DUNTON. 

Was  born  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  March  13,  1840;  has  been  engaged  in 
railroading.  Enlisted  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  spring  of  1861,  in  the  Light 
Battery  of  West  Virginia  and  re-enlisted  in  May,  1864,  in  Company  A, 
i5Oth  Ohio  Infantry;  during  first  enlistment  served  in  West  Virginia  and 
was  present  at  the  battle  of  Philippi ;  during  second  enlistment,  served  as 
fife  major  stationed  with  the  troops  in  the  defenses  of  Washington ;  was 
mustered  out  at  expiration  of  term  of  service  in  August,  1864.  Comrade 
Dun  ton  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  No.  3,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Sacramento, 
Cal.,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 

WILLIAM   FOLK. 

Was  born  in  Pickaway  County,  Ohio,  May  12,  1829,  an^  ^s  a  farmer 
by  occupation.  Enlisted  in  the  2ist  Ohio  Volunteers  April  15,  1861;  was 
in  the  battles  of  Stone  River,  Missionary  Ridge,  Atlanta,  and  all  the  other 
engagements  of  Sherman's  campaign  during  his  march  through  Georgia 
and  the  Carolinas;  was  twice  wounded:  at  Stone  River  by  a  ball  in  left 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  347 

shoulder,  and  in  another  engagement  was  struck  over  the  right  eye ;  served 
as  a  private,  and  from  the  commencement  to  close  of  the  war,  being 
mustered  out  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  in  July,  1865;  his  regiment  belonged  to 
the  3d  Division,  izLth  Army  Corps.  Is  a  member  of  Baker  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Marshfield,  Coos  County,  Or.,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 

JAMES    H.   ALDRICH. 

Was  born  in  Chester,  Randolph  County,  Ills.,  July  28,  1849,  an^  was 
raised  on  a  farm.  Enlisted  at  Perry ville,  Mo.,  March  16,  1864,  at  the 
age  of  fifteen  years,  as  a  drummer-boy  in  Company  G,  5oth  Missouri 
Infantry;  the  regiment  was,  during  its  period  of  service  on  detached  duty, 
fighting  bushwhackers,  guarding  railroads,  etc. ;  was  in  several  skirmishes 
with  portions  of  Price's  rebel  forces;  honorably  discharged  at  St.  Louis  in 
August,  1865.  Removed  to  Iowa,  and  attended  Iowa  State  University 
for  two  years;  edited  Ida  County,  la.,  Pioneer,  and  loiva  Independent; 
removed  to  Oregon  in  1877,  and  is  the  editor  and  publisher  of  The  News, 
at  Newport,  Or.;  is  a  member  of  Ellsworth  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Cor- 
vallis,  Or. 

J.    W.    DAVIS. 

Was  born  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  March  19,  1843;  nas  been  a  farmer 
and  merchant;  is  at  present  chief  of  police  of  the  city  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Enlisted  in  Company  C,  33d  Illinois  Volunteers;  after  discharge  from  serv 
ice  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term,  enlisted  in  Company  K,  26th  Illinois 
Volunteers,  in  February,  1864;  belonged  to  3d  Brigade,  1 5th  Army  Corps; 
served  in  both  regiments  as  a  private;  was  mustered  out  at  Springfield,  Ills. , 
in  August,  1865;  was  engaged  in  battles  of  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Atlanta, 
Resaca,  New  Hope  Church,  Altoona  Pass,  Jonesboro,  Savannah,  and  numer 
ous  skirmishes;  in  one  of  the  engagements  in  front  of  Atlanta  was  wounded 
in  small  of  back.  Comrade  Davis  is  a  member  of  Stanton  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
of  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

FRANKLIN    C.  TROXELL. 

Was  born  in  Lehigh  County,  Pa.,  January  6,  1839;  his  occupations 
in  life  have  been  those  of  cabinet-maker  and  carpenter.  Enlisted  in 
Company  B,  i4th  U.  S.  Infantry,  December  14,  1861,  and  served  as  a 
private,  corporal,  and  sergeant;  was  in  the  division  of  General  Sykes,  5th 
Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  engaged  in  battles  of  Chancellors- 
ville,  Gettysburg,  Mine  Run,  Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Petersburg,  Weldon 
Railroad,  Poplar  Spring  Church,  and  Hatcher's  Run;  after  expiration  of 


348  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

term  of  service,  re-enlisted  in  same  company  and  regiment;  came  to  Cal 
ifornia  with  regiment  after  the  war,  and  thence  to  Fort  McDowell,  Arizona, 
where  he  was  discharged  February  14,  1867,  by  -reason  of  expiration  of 
term  of  enlistment.  Is  a  member  of  Stevens  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Seattle, 
Washington  Ty.,  and  at  present  a  resident  of  Lopez  Island,  in  Puget 
Sound. 

A.  A.    DASSONVILLE. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city  June  30,  1844,  and  is  by  occupation  a 
clerk.  Enlisted  August  31,  1862,  in  Company  H  of  the  ist  Infantry  of 
Washington  Territory,  and  served  as  a  sergeant  in  the  department  of 
Columbia.  Enlisted  in  San  Francisco,  but  credited  to  Washington  Ty., 
expecting  to  be  sent  east  to  the  seat  of  war,  but  was  sent  to  Vancouver 
instead  and  from  there  to  The  Dalles;  thence  to  Fort  Walla  Walla,  and  in 
April,  1863,  through  the  Nez  Perces  and  Snake  River  country,  protecting 
the  emigrants  to  Oregon;  in  1864  returned  to  Vancouver,  from  which  time 
to  date  of  discharge  was  on  detached  recruiting  service  at  Salem  and  Eugene 
City,  Or.;  was  honorably  discharged  in  May,  1865.  Comrade  Dassonville 
is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Sacramento,  where  he  resides. 

SILAS   BARKER. 

Of  San  Jose,  Cal.,  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  that 
place,  was  born  in  St.  Lawrence  County,  N.  Y.,  May  6,  1821,  and  by 
occupation  before  the  war  was  a  farmer,  but  at  present  works  at  the  trade 
of  carpenter.  Enlisted  in  August,  1862,  in  Company  B,  loth  Minnesota 
Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private;  the  regiment  was  first  assigned  to 
duty  in  the  Sioux  country,  in  consequence  of  the  hostility  of  those  Ind 
ians,  which  culminated  in  the  massacre  at  New  Ulm,  Minn. ;  afterwards 
it  was  sent  to  Kentucky,  and  subsequently  to  Tennessee,  and  was  attached 
to  the  1 6th  Army  Corps.  Comrade  Barker  participated  in  the  battle  of 
Nashville,  and  was  in  the  siege  of  Spanish  Fort,  Mobile  Bay,  where  for 
eighteen  days,  and  until  its  capture,  his  regiment,  in  doing  guard  duty, 
was  constantly  under  fire;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  of 
the  Government  in  August,  1865;  came  to  California  in  1875. 

ORRIN    L.    PARKS. 

Was  born  at  Maltaville,  Saratoga  County,  N.  Y.,  August  24,  1843. 
Enlisted  first  in  the  io2d  New  York  Volunteers,  October  16,  1861,  and 
served  as  a  private  until  August  7,  1863;  was  in  General  Prince's  brigade, 
General  Augur's  division,  in  the  army  under  General  Banks  in  Virginia; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  349 

after  discharge  from  first  enlistment,  on  his  second  enlistment  entered  the 
2d  New  York  Veteran  Cavalry,  from  which  he  was  honorably  discharged 
at  Talladega,  Ala.,  November  8,  1865;  in  the  cavalry,  was  under  General 
Banks  in  the  Red  River  campaign,  his  company  serving  as  headquarters 
guard  to  General  Emory,  the  commander  of  the  igth  Army  Corps;  took 
part  in  all  the  engagements  of  the  expedition;  held  the  rank  of  sergeant 
at  time  of  discharge.  Comrade  Parks  is  a  member  of  Custer  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Tacoma,  Washington  Ty. ,  in  which  he  has  been  officer  of  the  day  and 
junior  vice-commander;  he  is  a  resident  of  that  place.  At  the  time  of 
entering  the  military  service  had  followed  farming  as  a  means  of  liveli 
hood,  but  since  the  war  his  occupation  has  been  that  of  painter. 


J.   S.  BUSKIRK. 

Was  born  at  Stroudsburgh,  Pa.,  August  7,  1843;  occupations  in  life 
have  been  railroad  ticket  agent,  telegraph  operator,  and  cabinet-maker. 
Enlisted  first  in  Company  H,  5ist  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  and  second  in 
48th  Pennsylvania  Volunteer  Militia;  in  the  last-named  regiment  served 
as  sergeant-major;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  gth  Army 
Corps,  and  Burnside's  Coast  Division;  engaged  in  battles  of  Roanoke 
Island,  New  Berne,  and  Camden,  N.  C. ;  at  the  latter  action,  April  20, 
1862,  was  wounded  by  a  gunshot  in  the  left  arm,  which  resulted  in  paraly 
sis  of  arm  and  hand ;  was  taken  prisoner,  and  for  two  weeks  was  fed  on 
one  tablespoonful  of  cooked  rice  and  one  tablespoonful  of  coffee  every 
twenty-four  hours;  the  day  he  was  paroled,  was  unable  to  move  hand  or 
foot,  on  account  of  wound  and  confinement  in  Dismal  Swamp;  was  hon 
orably  discharged  January  8,  1863.  Comrade  Buskirk  is  a  member  of 
Frank  Bartlett  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


JOSEPH   H.    WYTHE. 

Born  in  England  in  1822;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1832.  In 
1842  entered  the  ministry  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  to  which 
he  still  belongs,  although  without  pastoral  charge.  Graduated  in  medi 
cine  from  Philadelphia  College  of  Medicine  in  1850.  In  1850  commenced 
practice  as  a  physician  and  surgeon  in  the  coal  region  of  Pennsylvania. 
On  breaking  out  of  Civil  War  was  active  in  raising  a  regiment  of  volunteers. 
In  August,  1862,  passed  a  successful  examination  in  Washington  for  posi 
tion  of  staff  surgeon.  Volunteered  after  2d  battle  of  Bull  Run  to  attend  the 
wounded.  Sent  September  i,  1862,  with  800  sick  in  steamer  Atlantic  from 
Alexandria  to  New  York.  Appointed  by  President  Lincoln  assistant  surgeon 


350  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

of  volunteers,  September  u,  1862,  and  promoted  to  surgeon  December  4, 

1862.  Was  ordered  to  Pacific  Coast  and  on  duty  there  until  the  close  of 

1863.  Was  president  of  Willamette  University  in  Oregon,  1865-68,  and 
organized  the  medical  department.    In  1870  became  professor  of  histology 
in  the  Medical  College  of  the  Pacific,  the  name  of  which  has  since  been 
changed  to  that  of  the  Cooper  Medical  College,  which  position  he  still 
retains.     He  is  the  author  of  several  medical  and  scientific  books  and  is 
a  member  of  a  number  of  learned  societies  in  England  and  the  United 
States.     He  is  a  member  of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Oakland,  Cal. ,  where 
he  resides. 

J.   E.  D.  BALDWIN. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  May  2,  1842;  is  a  photographer.  Enlisted 
April,  1861,  in  Company  F,  ist  Missouri  Infantry,  and  later  re-enlisted 
in  Company  A  of  the  5th  Kansas  Cavalry;  during  first  term  served  as 
2d  lieutenant  and  during  the  latter  as  a  private,  detailed  on  General  Clay 
ton's  staff.  While  in  the  Missouri  Regiment  served  with  General  Lyon, 
was  present  at  the  capture  of  Camp  Jackson  in  St.  Louis  in  1861,  then 
through  to  Jefferson  and  Booneville,  to  Springfield  and  Wilson's  Creek; 
thence  to  Rolla  and  the  battle  of  Pea  Ridge,  in  which  he  was  wounded, 
breast-bone  broken  by  piece  of  shell;  after  recover}7  was  in  the  Memphis 
campaign,  thence  to  Helena,  Ark.,  and  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Little 
Rock,  and  Pine  Bluff  in  Arkansas.  Was  honorably  discharged  July,  1865. 
Comrade  Baldwin  is  a  resident  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of 
Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  that  place;  has  been  junior  vice-commander, 
and  is  at  present  chaplain  of  his  post. 


JOHN    C.    DIXON. 

Was  born  in  Franklin  County,  Ohio,  December  19,  1840,  and  is  a 
farmer;  was  attending  school  at  Newtown,  Jasper  County,  la.,  when  the 
war  broke  out.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  5th  Iowra  Infantry,  in  June,  1861, 
and  served  as  a  private;  his  first  service  was  with  his  regiment  under 
generals  Fremont  and  Hunter  in  Missouri;  the  regiment  afterwards  belonged 
to  the  iyth  and  to  the  i6th  Army  Corps;  participated  in  the  operations 
against  Island  No.  10,  the  battle  at  Fort  Pillow,  the  siege  of  Corinth,  luka, 
second  battle  at  Corinth,  Grant's  expedition  through  Mississippi,  the  siege 
and  battles  of  Vicksburg,  Chattanooga,  the  Atlanta  campaign,  and  Kene- 
saw  Mountain;  was  accidentally  wounded  at  Memphis  by  a  bullet  through 
both  thighs,  laid  up  in  hospital  about  three  months  and  then  returned  to 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  351 

duty;  was  mustered  out  at  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  July  4,  1864,  by  reason 
of  expiration  of  three  years'  term  of  service;  came  to  California  in  1874 
and  settled  in  San  Bernardino  County,  where  he  is  engaged  in  farming. 
Comrade  Dixon  is  a  charter  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  San  Bernardino,  CaL,  and  has  been  post  chaplain  and  quartermaster. 


DANIEL  H.   HARDIN. 

A  resident  of  Dayton,  Washington  Ty. ;  was  born  February  20,  1843, 
at  Petersburg,  Ind. ;  is  at  present  and  has  been  a  house  painter  and  decora 
tive  paper-hanger.  Enlisted  July  2, 'i 86 1,  in  the  24th  Indiana  Infantry, 
and  served  as  a  non-commissioned  officer;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade, 
1 3th  Army  Corps;  was  present  at  and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh, 
Port  Gibson,  Champion  Hills,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Carrion  Crow  Bayou, 
La.,  siege  of  Blakely,  and  many  skirmishes;  was  honorably  discharged  at 
Algiers,  La.,  in  1865.  Comrade  Hardin  is  a  member  of  Alfred  Sully  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Dayton,  Washington  Ty. ;  is  its  present  commander,  is  also  a 
past  senior  vice-commander;  in  1878  was  elected  councilman  of  the  city  in 
which  he  resides. 

JAMES   H.    CASE. 

Was  born  in  Brown  County,  Ills.,  January  31,  1840;  his  occupations 
in  life  have  been  farming  and  teaming;  came  to  California  with  his  parents 
in  1853,  crossing  the  plains  with  ox-teams;  settled  in  San  Bernardino 
County.  Enlisted  in  Company  E,  ist  California  Cavalry,  in  December, 
1 86 1 ;  served  as  a  private;  was  stationed  in  the  Department  of  New  Mexico; 
also  served  in  northwestern  Texas;  was  in  the  battle  with  the  Indians  at 
Cooke's  Canyon,  Arizona,  and  other  Indian  skirmishes;  mustered  out  of 
service  at  Santa  Fe,  N.  M.,  in  December,  1864,  by  reason  of  expiration  of 
term  of  enlistment.  Comrade  Case  is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal. ,  his  place  of  residence. 


ANTHONY   W.  SEFTON. 

Was  born  in  Norwalk,  Ohio,  November  16,  1839;  is  by  occupation  a 
printer  and  publisher.  Enlisted  September  16,  1861,  in  Company  G  of 
the  8th  Illinois  Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private  and  as  orderly -sergeant; 
was  attached  to  the  2d  Army  Corps;  served  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
from  Alexandria  to  the  Rappahannock,  from  there  to  the  Peninsula  and 
through  that  campaign  under  McClellan;  from  Yorktown  via  the  Chicka- 
hominy  Swamp  to  Malvern  Hill,  thence  to  Maryland  and  the  battle  of 


352  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

South  Mountain,  in  which  was  wounded  in  right  foot  by  a  musket-ball,  but 
continued  on  duty  and  through  the  fights  at  Boonsborough  and  Antietam; 
in  the  latter  was  wounded  in  the  hip  by  a  fragment  of  shell;  was  tinder 
surgical  treatment  for  eighteen  months  on  account  of  these  wounds,  and 
was  finally  transferred  to  the  Invalid  Corps,  in  which,  was  detailed  as 
acting  quartermaster  at  Newark,  N.  J. ;  was  honorably  discharged  at 
expiration  of  term  of  enlistment,  September  16,  1864.  Comrade  Sefton 
is  a  member  and  past  commander  of  Warren  Post,  of  Sacramento,  Cal. , 
where  he  resides. 

PHIUP   DOHERTY. 

A  resident  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  was  born  in  Ireland,  January  i,  1847; 
is  a  laborer.  Enlisted  June  22,  1862,  in  Company  K  of  the  39th  Massaclm- 
setts  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade, 
2d  Division,  ist  Army  Corps,  and  later  to  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division, 
and  5th  Corps;  was  in  the  battle  at  Mine  Run  while  in  the  ist  Corps,  and 
afterwards  with  the  5th  Corps  at  Mitchell  Station,  and  down  through  the 
Wilderness  to  Cold  Harbor,  across  the  James  and  to  the  siege  of  Peters 
burg,  and  the  battle  of  Weldon  Railroad,  at  which,  was  wounded  by 
musket-ball  in  right  hip;  the  bullet  was  not  extracted  for  three  months; 
he  remained  on  duty  although  incapacitated  for  active  service  until  mus 
tered  out  at  end  of  war  in  May,  1865.  Comrade  Doherty  is  a  member  of 
Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  the  headquarters  of  which  are  at  his  place  of 
residence. 

JOHN    OSBORN. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city,  November  i,  1847,  and  is  a  farmer; 
was  a  school-boy,  but  thirteen  years  and  ten  months  old  at  Badger,  Wis., 
when  September  19,  1861,  he  enlisted  in  Company  A,  i4th  Wisconsin 
Volunteer  Infantry  as  a  drummer,  carried,  however,  a  musket  and  served 
as  a  private  throughout  his  term  of  enlistment;  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade, 
3d  Division,  i7th  Army  Corps;  saw  his  first  skirmish  at  Alton,  Ills.,  in 
the  fall  of  1861,  with  bridge-burners;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Shiloh, 
luka,  Corinth,  Champion  Hills,  the  battles  and  siege  of  Vicksburg,  in  the 
Atlanta  campaign,  its  siege  and  battles,  in  the  march  from  Atlanta  to  the 
sea  and  through  the  Carolinas,  at  the  battle  of  Bentonville,  and  the  sur 
render  of  General  Jos.  E.  Johnston  with  the  Confederate  forces  under  his 
command;  and  present  at  the  grand  review  of  General  Sherman's  army 
at  Washington  city;  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh  by  a  bullet  in  the 
head,  but  remained  with  his  company  on  the  field  until  the  end  of  the 
battle;  struck  in  the  right  leg  by  a  fragment  of  shell  in  the  action  at 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  353 

Corinth,  and  badly  injured  from  becoming  overheated  in  the  fight  at 
Champion  Hills,  Miss. ,  and  from  the  effects  of  which  he  has  never  entirely 
recovered.  At  the  end  of  his  three  years'  term  of  service  he  re-enlisted 
in  the  i4th  Wisconsin,  which  was  the  first  regiment  from  that  State  to 
veteranize;  was  finally  mustered  out  at  Madison,  Wis.,  September  25, 
1865;  was  in  Government  employ  in  the  quartermaster's  department  in  the 
transportation  of  supplies  over  the  great  plains  to  military  posts  for  some 
five  years  after  the  war;  came  to  California  in  1870,  and  is  a  member  of 
W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  his  place  of 
residence. 

HENRY  A.    ASTHOLZ. 

Comrade  Astholz  was  born  at  Gronan,  Germany,  October  24,  1840. 
In  civil  life  he  has  followed  the  occupations  of  merchandising  and  tan 
ning,  and  is  at  present  city  marshal,  collector,  and  notary  public  at  Cape 
Girardeau,  Mo.  He  arrived  at  New  York  city  in  June,  1858;  in  August, 
1861,  enlisted  in  Company  B,  5th  Cavalry,  Missouri  Volunteers,  as  a  private, 
afterwards  promoted  to  corporal,  sergeant,  color-bearer,  and  quarmaster- 
sergeant;  attached  to  the  i6th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  following 
battles:  Fredericktown,  Mo.,  Pea  Ridge,  Ark.,  Ivy  Farm,  and  quite  a  num 
ber  of  minor  engagements;  received  a  wound  in  his  leg  while  in  line  of 
duty;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  at  St.  lyouis,  Mo.,  Octo 
ber  19,  1864.  Comrade  Astholz  holds  several  prominent  and  trusty  posi 
tions  in  his  town  and  for  several  years  was  captain  of  its  volunteer  fire 
company.  He  is  a  member  of  Justi  Post,  No.  1 73,  G.  A.  R. ,  located  at 
Cape  Girardeau,  Mo.,  where  he  resides.  On  account  of  the  wounds  received 
while  in  the  service  he  receives  a  pension  from  the  Government. 


PATRICK   EDWARD   CONNOR.  * 

Was  born  in  the  south  of  Ireland,  March  17,  1820;  at  an  early  age 
emigrated  with  his  parents  to  New  York  city,  where  he  received  a  good 
common  school  education.  In  1839,  during  the  Florida  War,  enlisted  in 
the  ist  U.  S.  Dragoons,  Colonel  Stephen  W.  Kearny,  and  was  mustered 
out,  in  November,  1844,  at  expiration  of  term  of  service.  Returned 
to  New  York  city  and  engaged  in  mercantile  business.  In  the  spring  of 
1846  removed  to  Texas;  the  war  with  Mexico  broke  out  that  year,  and 
young  Connor  was  the  second  officer  mustered  into  service,  as  captain  of 
Texas  Volunteers  in  the  regiment  of  Albert  Sidney  Johnston,  whom  they 
elected  colonel;  Captain  Connor  was  with  his  company  at  the  battles  of 
Palo  Alto,  Resaca  de  la  Palma,  and  Buena  Vista;  in  the  latter  battle  he 


354  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

lost  nearly  half  of  his  company,  and  was  himself  severely  wounded,  on 
account  of  which  he  now  draws  a  pension. 

Shortly  after  the  close  of  the  war  removed  to  California,  settling  at 
Stockton,  where  he  was  engaged  in  business  until  the  breaking  out  of  the 
Civil  War.  Tendering  his  services  to  the  Governor  of  California,  was  by 
him  appointed  colonel  of  the  3d  California  Infantry.  It  was  expected 
at  the  time  that  the  regiment  would  go  east  and  participate  in  the  war; 
such  was  the  anxiety  of  its  officers  and  men  that  they  volunteered  to  pay 
the  expenses  of  their  transportation,  one  of  the  enlisted  men  (Corporal 
John  W.  Goldthait,  Company  G)  tendering  $5,000  for  that  purpose.  In 
the  spring  of  1862  Colonel  Connor  was  ordered  with  his  regiment  to  Utah; 
his  command  consisted  of  the  3d  California  Infantry  and  a  part  of  the  2d 
California  Cavalry;  he  also  had  with  him  six  pieces  of  artillery.  The  Mor 
mon  church  leaders  endeavored  to  persuade  him  to  stop  at  old  Camp  Floyd, 
some  forty -five  miles  west  of  Salt  Lake  City,  and  even  threatened  to  oppose 
his  march  through  the  city  to  establish  his  camp  on  the  heights  immedi 
ately  east  and  commanding  it.  The  colonel  informed  them  that  he  repre 
sented  the  Government,  intended  to  act  for  its  best  interests,  and  was 
ready,  then  and  there,  to  settle  the  question  as  to  whether  the  mandate 
of  Brigham  Young  or  the  authority  of  the  United  States  was  to  be  obeyed 
in  Utah.  He  inarched  through  Salt  Lake  City,  with  colors  flying,  bands 
playing,  sabers  drawn,  and  guns  loaded,  and  took  up  his  position  at  what 
he  named  Camp  Douglas,  his  pieces  of  artillery  being  planted  to  com 
mand  Brigham  Young's  stronghold.  It  taught  the  Mormons  a  wholesome 
lesson. 

January  29,  1863,  Colonel  Connor,  with  four  companies  of  the  2d 
California  Cavalry  and  a  company  of  the  3d  California  Infantry,  fought 
the  battle  of  Bear  River  against  a  band  of  the  Snakes,  Utes,  and  Bannock 
Indians,  who  for  years  had  gone  unpunished  for  innumerable  murders  of 
overland  travelers  and  mining  prospectors.  The  Indians  were  almost 
annihilated;  424  dead  warriors  were  found  on  the  field;  only  a  few  of  the 
number  engaged,  and  the  most  of  them  wounded,  escaped  by  jumping 
into  the  river  and  crossing  it.  As  the  hostiles  were  strongly  intrenched 
in  a  ravine,  in  the  sides  of  which  they  had  cut  artificial  benches  to  fire 
from,  the  California  troops  also  lost  heavily;  they  had  sixty-three  killed 
and  wounded,  and  in  addition  seventy-nine  had  their  feet  and  lower  limbs 
frozen,  in  consequence -of  becoming  wet  and  chilled  through  in  crossing 
Bear  River,  the  waters  of  which  were  intensely  cold,  and  filled  with  float 
ing  ice;  the  total  number  disabled  was  142,  over  half  the  command.  This 
battle,  one  of  the  most  famous  of  Indian  fights,  made  permanent  peace  on 
that  frontier.  Colonel  Connor,  for  his  skill  and  gallantry  on  this  occasion, 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  355 

In  1865  General  Connor,  at  the  request  of  the  legislatures  of  Colorado 
and  Nebraska,  was  appointed  to  the  District  of  the  Plains,  the  district 
being  created  for  him,  as  the  Indians  at  that  time  were  generally  hostile, 
murdering  settlers  on  isolated  farms,  capturing  cattle  and  horses,  destroy 
ing  property,  waylaying  travelers,  and  attacking  stage  stations.  The  dis 
trict  comprised  Nevada,  Utah,  Colorado,  Nebraska,  part  of  Dakota,  and 
New  Mexico.  In  the  summer  of  the  same  year  the  general,  with  2,000 
cavalry,  marched  into  the  Sioux  country  to  punish  that  tribe  and  the 
Arapahoes  and  Cheyennes  for  depredations  on  the  overland  mail  route;  he 
fought,  in  August,  what  is  known  as  the  battle  of  Tongue  River,  in  which 
he  defeated  the  Arapahoes,  killing  nearly  seventy  of  their  warriors,  cap 
turing  600  horses,  and  destroying  their  village.  A  few  days  afterward  he 
received  orders  to  march  back  to  Fort  Laramie  and  send  the  volunteer 
troops  under  his  command,  numbering  some  sixteen  thousand,  to  their  several 
States  to  be  mustered  out  of  service,  and  was  himself  ordered  back  to  his 
old  command  in  Utah;  brevetted  major-general  of  volunteers  March  13, 
1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service.  General  Grant,  commanding 
the  army,  in  acknowledging  the  report  of  General  Connor  in  1865,  with 
regard  to  Utah,  expressed  appreciation  of  his  efforts,  and  the  belief  that 
uan  institution  like  Mormonism  cannot  exist  permanently  in  free  and 
close  communication  with  the  civilized  world;"  and  also  that  "there 
should  be  thorough  protection  of  Gentiles  against  Mormons,  whether  as 
transient  visitors  or  settlers  in  Utah." 

The  daily  Union  Vedette,  the  first  daily  newspaper  in  Utah,  was 
started  by  General  Connor,  and  entirely  sustained  out  of  his  own  private 
means.  Its  main  object,  as  stated,  was  "to  educate  the  Mormon  people 
up  to  American  views,  to  break  the  absolute  rule  of  Brigham  Young  over 
the  people,  and  to  convince  them,  as  much  as  possible  by  moral  suasion, 
that  they  owed  loyalty  to  the  United  States,  and  that  it  was  disloyal  to 
attempt  to  establish  a  theocracy  in  Utah."  Believing  also  that  Utah  was 
a  great  mining  country,  he  encouraged  mining  explorations,  giving  to  the 
enlisted  men — many  of  whom  were  experienced  California  miners — fur 
loughs  and  supplies  for  thirty  days,  and  sending  them,  in  numbers  suf 
ficient  to  protect  themselves  against  Mormon  interference,  on  prospecting 
tours:  the  influence  of  Brigham  Young,  which  was  all-powerful,  having 
been  against  the  development  of  the  mining  resources.  General  Connor 
and  his  soldiers  were  the  first  miners  of  the  Territory.  He  located  the 
first  silver-mine  in  Utah — the  Jordan  mine,  in  Brigham  Canon;  wrote  the 
first  mining  law,  presided  at  the  first  miners'  meeting,  built  the  first  silver- 
lead  smelting  works,  and  located  the  first  Gentile  town  in  Utah — Stockton. 
He  built  and  owned  the  first  steamer  and  sailing  vessel  to  navigate  Great 
Salt  L,ake — the  steamer  Kate  Connor  and  the  schooner  Pioneer. 


356  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Honorably  discharged  in  April,  1866,  being  among  the  last  of  the 
general  officers  of  volunteers  mustered  out  of  service.  Was  tendered  the 
position  of  colonel  of  one  of  the  new  regiments  to  be  organized  for 
the  Regular  Army,  but  declined  on  account  of  his  extensive  mining 
interests  in  Utah,  and  other  business  affairs.  Is  a  member  of  George 
H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  the  military  order 
of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  States,  commandery  of  California, 
and  life  member  of  the  Veterans  of  the  Mexican  War;  resides  at  present 
in  Redwood  City,  San  Mateo  County,  Cal. 

WILLIAM   HENRY   GILBERT. 

Was  born  July  25,  1841,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  is  a  millwright  by 
trade.  Enlisted  February  3,  1862,  in  the  7th  Missouri  Cavalry,  and  served 
as  corporal  and  sergeant;  was  in  the  department  of  Missouri;  took  part  in 
the  battle  at  Lone  Jack;  received  two  slight  flesh  wounds;  was  engaged 
during  the  rest  of  the  war  in  righting  bushwhackers  and  in  following  up 
and  frequently  engaging  the  rebel  general  Price;  marched  and  counter 
marched  all  over  the  southern  part  of  the  State;  was  frequently  in  charge 
of  scouting  parties;  was  honorably  discharged  April  20,  1865.  Comrade 
Gilbert  is  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

DANIEL   SHEA. 

Is  a  native  of  Ireland,  where  he  was  born,  June  19,  1844;  has  been  a 
sailor,  and  is  at  present  a  telegraph  constructor;  shipped  as  ordinary  sea 
man  on  U.  S.  steamer  Brooklyn,  October  15,  1861,  also  served  on  U.  S. 
steamer  Ossipee,  and  U.  S.  schooner  Maria  A.  Woods;  participated  in  the 
battles  and  passage  of  forts  St.  Philip  and  Jackson,  on  the  Mississippi 
River  below  New  Orleans,  in  the  fleet  under  Admiral  Farragut,  and  was 
also  in  the  battles  of  Mobile  Bay,  under  the  same  admiral ;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  August  25,  1864.  Comrade  Shea  is  a  member 
of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Oakland,  Cal.,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


JAMES   WILSON  LINDSEY. 

Was  born  in  Franklin  County,  Ohio,  September  10,  1843,  and  is  a 
painter  by  trade.  Enlisted  in  August,  1861,  in  Company  H,  4th  Ohio 
Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private  and  sergeant;  was  first  assigned  to  the  3d 
Division,  General  O.  M.  Mitchell  commanding,  afterward  to  the  2d  Brigade, 
2d  Division,  ist  Cavalry  Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  was  engaged 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  357 

in  the  capture  of  Nashville,  Term.,  the  battles  of  Perry ville,  Murfrees- 
boro,  Chickamauga,  frequent  skirmishes  with  the  rebel  general  Morgan's 
command,  Resaca,  Big  Shanty,  and  other  actions;  received  two  wounds 
during  his  term  of  service  in  the  field,  one  in  the  left  arm  and  one  in  the 
right  leg;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Columbia,  Tenn.,  October  20, 
1864,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  enlistment.  Comrade  Lindsey 
is  a  member  of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Oakland,  Cal.,  of  which  city  he 
is  a  resident. 

ISAAC   R.  LANE. 

Was  born  in  Barnesville,  Ohio,  October  20,  1842,  and  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  was  following  his  trade  of  printer.  Unlisted  in  Company  H, 
94th  Ohio  Infantry,  August  5,  1862;  the  following  month  was  captured 
and  paroled  near  Versailles,  Ky.,  and  rejoined  his  regiment  in  January, 
1863,  after  being  exchanged;  served  from  that  time  until  the  close  of  the 
war,  in  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  i4th  Army  Corps,  and  took  part  in 
the  battles  of  Chickamauga,  Lookout  Mountain,  and  Missionary  Ridge, 
where  he  was  slightly  wounded  in  the  hand;  was  in  all  the  battles  of  the 
Atlanta  campaign,  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea,  march  through  the  Caro- 
linas,  battle  of  Bentonville,  N.  C.,  and  the  surrender  of  Johnston  near 
Raleigh,  N.  C. ;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service,  near  Wash 
ington,  June  5,  1865.  Comrade  Lane,  at  the  close  of  the  war,  returned 
to  his  home  at  Barnesville,  Ohio,  where  he  is  now  the  agent  for  the  Balti 
more  &  Ohio  Railroad  Company;  joined  Robert  Hiller  Post,  No.  220, 
G.  A.  R.,  as  a  charter  member,  April,  1882;  the  post  is  located  at  Barnes 
ville,  and  he  has  successively  served  as  its  sergeant-major,  junior  vice- 
commander,  senior  vice-commander,  and  commander. 

PAUL   VAN    DER  VOORT. 

Was  born  in  Clinton  County,  Ohio,  in  1846;  received  a  limited  com 
mon  school  education.  Enlisted  at  the  age  of  fifteen  years  and  seven  months 
in  Company  G,  68th  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  served  three  months; 
at  the  expiration  of  term  re-enlisted  in  Company  M,  i6th  Illinois  Cavalry, 
for  three  years;  served  as  a  private  and  sergeant;  was  attached  to  the  gth 
Army  Corps,  the  6th  Corps,  the  23d  Corps,  and  the  Cavalry  Corps  of  the 
Military  Division  of  the  Mississippi;  took  part  in  the  Knoxville  campaign, 
Hood  campaign,  and  the  battles  attending  them;  was  captured,  and  for 
over  eleven  months  a  prisoner  at  Andersonville  and  other  southern  prisons; 
on  being  exchanged  rejoined  his  regiment  and  continued  with  it  in  active 
service;  honorably  discharged  August  i,  1865;  was  f°r  ten  Years  chief 


358  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

clerk  of  the  railway  mail  service  at  Omaha,  Neb. ;  since  which  time  has 
been  special  agent  of  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad,  and  as  such  was  detailed 
to  assist  in  obtaining  favorable  action  for  the  proposition  to  have  the  meet 
ing  of  the  twentieth  national  encampment  of  the  G.  A.  R.  at  San  Fran 
cisco,  Cal. ;  also  to  organize  and  secure  travel  to  the  encampment.  Was 
mustered  into  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1866;  is  a  member  of  Phil  Kearney  Post, 
No.  2,  at  Fort  Omaha,  Neb. ;  has  been  aid-de-camp  on  national  and  depart 
ment  staff,  post  commander,  assistant  adjutant-general  department  of  Illi 
nois,  provisional  and  permanent  commander  of  department  of  Nebraska, 
senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief  and  Commander-in-Chief,  to  which  latter 
position  he  was  elected  at  the  sixteenth  national  encampment  held  at  Balti 
more,  Md.,  in  June,  1882,  and  was  the  first  private  or  non-commissioned 
officer  elected  to  the  place;  it  was  at  this  assemblage  that  comrade  Van 
DerVoort  inaugurated  the  movement  which  resulted  in  the  establishment 
of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps;  he  declared  himself  a  firm  believer  in  the 
work  of  loyal  women,  and  invited  a  meeting  of  them  at  the  place  of  the 
next  national  encampment,  for  the  purpose  of  organization,  as  auxiliary 
to  the  Grand  Army;  in  accordance  with  this  invitation  representatives 
from  the  different  States  and  Territories  assembled  at  Denver,  Col.,  July 
23,  1883,  the  time  and  place  of  the  seventeenth  national  encampment,  and 
there  organized  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps.  As  a  token  of  appreciation  of 
his  services  comrade  Van  DerVoort  was  elected,  and  is  the  only  honorary 
member  for  life  of  the  National  Woman's  Relief  Corps.  During  his  term 
of  office  as  Commander-in-Chief  he  visited  thirty-seven  States  and  Terri 
tories,  traveled  over  40,000  miles,  and  there  were  recruited  more  than 
90,000  members  in  the  G.  A.  R.,  which  under  the  new  interest  awakened 
in  it  doubled  in  numbers  in  one  year;  he  was  the  first  Commander-in-Chief 
to  visit  the  Pacific  Coast,  which  he  did  in  April,  1883;  the  enthusiasm 
created  among  the  veterans,  as  elsewhere,  brought  about  many  additions 
to  the  G.  A.  R.  posts  of  the  department  of  California. 


HARVEY   L.    DREW. 

Was  born  in  Cass  County,  Mich.,  November  6,  1839;  was  engaged 
in  farming  before  the  war,  since,  has  been  in  the  lumber  business  and  mer 
chandising;  is  at  present  in  the  banking  business  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal., 
his  place  of  residence.  Enlisted  August  2,  1861,  in  2d  Michigan  Cavalry, 
and  was  afterwards  transferred  to  Company  K,  3d  Michigan  Cavalry; 
served  as  a  private,  appointed  staff  sergeant,  commissioned  2d  lieutenant 
in  August,  1862;  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  in  January,  1863,  and  cap 
tain  in  September,  1864;  participated  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  siege  of 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  359 

Corinth,  luka,  New  Madrid,  the  siege  and  battles  at  Vicksburg,  and  other 
engagements,  amounting  in  number  to  twenty -three  battles  in  which  with 
his  regiment  he  took  part.  An  extract  from  the  report  of  the  adjutant- 
general  of  Michigan  says:  "  Company  K,  3d  Michigan  Cavalry,  Captain 
Newell  (of  which  Harvey  L.  Drew  was  then  ad  lieutenant)  was  selected 
to  carry  dispatches  from  General  Grant  at  Lagrange,  Miss.,  to  General 
Sherman  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  through  the  enemy's  lines  a  direct  distance 
of  fifty  miles.  After  a  ride — enlivened  with  several  encounters  with  rebels 
and  swollen  rivers — of  120  miles  in  eighteen  hours,  they  delivered  the 
messages,  which  had  been  memorized  by  the  three  commissioned  officers 
of  the  company,  safely  to  General  Sherman,  receiving  the  highest  praise 
for  their  daring  exploit."  Captain  Drew  resigned  his  commission  in 
December,  1864,  came  to  California  in  1874,  and  is  a  charter  member  of 
W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal. 

LOUIS   ROCHAT. 

Was  born  in  Merges,  Switzerland,  December  31,  1837,  and  is  by  occu 
pation  a  watchmaker  and  jeweler;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1857. 
Enlisted  in  the  4th  Kansas  Volunteer  Infantry,  in  June,  1861,  the  regi 
ment  afterward  being  consolidated  with  the  loth  Kansas  Volunteers;  served 
as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  army  of  the  frontier;  participated  in  the  bat 
tles  of  Dry  Wood,  Osceola,  Locust  Grove,  Prairie  Grove,  Cane  Hill,  Van 
Buren,  and  other  engagements;  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Fort 
Leavenworth,  in  August,  1864,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  enlist 
ment;  was  a  charter  member  of  Atchison,  Kansas,  Post,  No.  93,  G.  A.  R., 
and  is  now  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal., 
where  he  resides,  and  is  engaged  in  the  watch  and  jewelry  business. 

EDWARD   R.  HUTCHINS. 

Was  born  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  October  24,  1841,  and  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  was  in  Harvard  Medical  School,  at  Boston.  Enlisted  as  a  pri 
vate  in  Company  H,  ist  Massachusetts  Infantry,  in  1861,  and  as  such  was 
at  the  first  Bull  Run;  three  weeks  after  passed  an  examination  as  medical 
cadet,  and  served  one  year  in  hospitals  at  Washington;  was  then  appointed 
assistant  surgeon  of  nth  New  Hampshire  Infantry,  and  served  in  the  2d 
Division,  gth  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  taking  part  in  the  battles  of 
South  Mountain,  Antietam,  and  Fredericksburg;  resigned,  and  went  before 
the  U.  S.  Naval  Examining  Board,  and,  being  successful,  was  commis 
sioned  acting  assistant  surgeon;  passed  one  year  on  blockade  duty  on  coast 


360  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

of  Georgia,  being  in  the  South  Atlantic  and  East  Gulf  squadrons,  and 
with  Farragut  at  Mobile  Bay;  was  transferred  to  the  U.  S.  steamer  Massa 
chusetts,  and  served  on  her  until  six  months  after  the  war,  when  he  was 
honorably  discharged.  Comrade  Hutchins,  after  the  war,  practiced  med 
icine  in  Philadelphia  for  several  years,  then  went  west  and  located  in  Des 
Moines,  la.,  where  he  is  now  the  commissioner  of  labor  statistics  for  the 
State;  was  for  a  long  time  professor  of  chemistry  in  the  Iowa  Agricultural 
College;  is  a  member  of  Kinsman  Post,  No.  7,  G.  A.  R.,  of  the  same  place, 
and  aid-de-camp  to  the  department  commander. 


GEORGE  B.  PECK,  JR. 

Was  born  iu  Providence,  R.  I.,  August  12,  1843,  an(^  previous .  to 
entering  the  army  was  a  student,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1 864. 
In  the  summer  of  1863,  as  corporal  in  the  Rhode  Island  Marine  Artillery, 
performed  guard  service  at  "The  Bonnet,"  Narragansett  Bay  entrance,  west 
passage,  for  several  weeks,  at  the  time  the  coast  was  threatened  by  the 
confederate  privateer  Florida.  Appointed  2d  lieutenant  Company  G,  2d 
Rhode  Island  Infantry  Volunteers,  December  14,  1864;  on  recruiting  serv 
ice  until  January  2,  1865;  waiting  orders  until  January  i5th,  then  on  duty 
at  U.  S.  Draft  Rendezvous,  Fairhaven,  Conn.,  until  March  13,  1865, 
when  he  sailed  for  City  Point,  James  'River,  Va. ;  was  attached  to  the  3d 
Brigade,  ist  Division,  6th  Army  Corps;  served  in  front  of  Petersburg  and 
in  the  pursuit  of  Lee  until  April  6,  1865,  when,  in  action  at  Sailor  Creek, 
was  badly  wounded,  being  struck  by  a  rifle-bullet  which  passed  through  his 
side  near  left  hip;  resigned  and  honorably  discharged  July  5,  1865.  Com 
rade  Peck  on  return  to  civil  life  was  for  four  years  a  book-keeper  in  a 
wholesale  and  retail  coal  and  wood  firm;  then  studied  medicine  at  the 
Hahnemann  Medical  College  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  passed  his  exami 
nation;  took  a  course  of  studies  also  at  the  Yale  Medical  College,  gradu 
ating  in  June,  1871;  devoted  the  following  year  to  chemistry,  mineralogy, 
etc.,  at  the  Sheffield  scientific  school  attached  to  Yale  College;  from 
1872  to  1874  was  assistant  chemist  at  the  U.  S.  Naval  Torpedo  Station, 
Newport,  R.  I.;  in  charge  of  chemical  department  University  of  Vermont 
in  fall  of  1874;  commenced  practice  of  his  profession  in  May,  1875,  at 
Providence,  R.  I.,  where  he  has  ever  since  resided;  has  been  secretary  of 
the  Rhode  Island  Homoeopathic  Society,  vice-president  and  president;  was 
elected  vice-president  of  the  Western  Massachusetts  Homoeopathic  Medical 
Society,  of  which  he  is  an  active  though  non-resident  member;  honorary 
member  of  the  New  York  Homoeopathic  Medical  Society;  chairman  Bureau 
of  Obstetrics  American  Institute  of  Homoeopathy,  and  a  frequent  contributor 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  361 

to  medical  journals;  was  for  three  years  surgeon  of  the  Light  Artillery 
Division,  Rhode  Island  Militia;  adjutant  of  the  Veteran  Association  of  the 
Providence  Marine  Corps  of  Artillery  for  eleven  years;  vice-president  of 
the  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Historical  Society  of  Rhode  Island,  to  whose 
series  of  publications  he  has  contributed  two  numbers;  for  six  years  a 
member  of  the  school  committee  of  Providence.  Comrade  Peck  was  a 
charter  member  of  Prescott  Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Providence,  R.  L, 
and  for  two  years  its  surgeon;  is  also  a  companion  of  Massachusetts  Com- 
mandery,  Loyal  Legion. 

EDWARD  H.   SMITH. 

Was  born  in  Berkshire  County,  Mass.,  September  5,  1839;  came  to 
California  in  1855  and  mined  in  Nevada  County  until  the  outbreak  of  the 
Civil  War.  Enlisted  in  the  latter  part  of  1861  in  Company  I,  4th  Cali 
fornia  Infantry;  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States,  February 
n,  1862;  served  as  a  private;  was  stationed  for  a  year  in  the  department 
of  California,  and  the  last  two  years  of  enlistment  in  Arizona  and  New 
Mexico;  honorably  discharged  on  expiration  of  term,  February  u,  1865; 
on  his  return  to  civil  life  settled  in  Arizona,  where  he  remained  until  1883, 
returning  then  to  California ;  was  a  member  of  the  Arizona  Legislature  in 
1880— 81 ;  has  been  sheriff  of  Mohave  County,  Arizona,  justice  of  the  peace, 
coroner,  and  was  notary  public  for  four  consecutive  terms;  is  a  member 
of  W.  R.  Cornmaii  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


ANDREW  J.  LANGMADE. 

Was  born  in  Yorkshire,  N.  Y. ,  May  24,  1840;  is  engaged  in  farming; 
enlisted  in  iO5th  New  York  Regiment,  afterwards  consolidated  with  94th, 
December  12,  1861;  served  as  a  private  and  ist  sergeant;  was  attached  to 
the  5th  Army  Corps;  was  in  eighteen  battles,  namely:  2d  Bull  Run,  Antie- 
tam,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Mine  Run,  Cold  Harbor,  Cedar  Mount 
ain,  Rappahannock  Station,  Thoroughfare  Gap,  Chantilly,  Fredericksburg, 
South  Mountain,  North  Anna,  Tolopotomy,  Bethesda  Church,  White  Oak 
Swamp,  Petersburg,  and  Weldon  Railroad;  was  captured  twice,  first  at 
Gettysburg,  when  was  paroled  on  the  battle-field,  but  returned  to  duty,  as 
the  Government  did  not  recognize  such  parole;  captured  again  at  Weldon 
Railroad;  was  prisoner  for  six  months,  most  of  the  time  at  Salisbury  in 
the  stockade  containing  10,000  men  dying  at  the  rate  of  thirty  a  day, 
twice  engaged  in  tunnels  to  make  escape,  and  took  part  in  the  big  break 
and  fight  when  eighteen  comrades  were  killed  and  fifty-eight  wounded; 


362  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

remained  in  Salisbury'  prison  until  February  27,  1865,  enduring  great  suf 
ferings,  and  had  severe  sickness  after  getting  out;  was  wounded  in  the 
hand  by  the  raiders  in  the  prison;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service 
at  Hlmira,  N.  Y. ;  has  been  commander  since  its  organization  of  Howell 
Post,  No.  390,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Yorkshire  Centre,  N.  Y.,  his  place  of  resi 
dence. 

JOHN   ARTHUR    BROWN. 

Was  born  in  Trenton,  Oneida  County,  N.  Y.,  February  16,  1840;  has 
been  a  farmer;  is  at  present  a  carpenter.  Enlisted  in  the  26th  Iowa 
Infantry  August  n,  1862,  attached  to  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  i5th  Army 
Corps;  served  as  a  sergeant;  was  in  the  battles  of  Lookout  Mountain, 
siege  of  Vicksburg,  and  all  battles  following  Mission  Ridge;  participated 
in  Atlanta  campaign  and  march  to  the  sea,  and  other  operations  till  end 
of  war;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  in  Washington  June  6, 
1865;  is  adjutant  of  Dunham  Post,  No.  86,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Kingsburg,  Cal., 
his  place  of  residence. 

FRED    KNAGI. 

Was  born  in  Berne,  Switzerland,  February  23,  1840,  and  at  the  out 
break  of  the  war  was  working  as  a  gardener  in  this  country.  Enlisted  in 
the  i5th  U.  S.  Infantry  August  23,  1861,  and  served  as  a  sergeant  of  Com 
pany  D,  2d  Battalion;  was  attached  to  the  Regular  Brigade  of  the  i4th 
Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  and  engagements  of  Mission  Ridge, 
Buzzard's  Roost,  Resaca,  New  Hope  Church,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  and  all 
the  battles  around  Atlanta,  Ga. ;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service 
at  Atlanta  August  22,  1864.  Comrade  Knagi  is  now  a  merchant  at  Toronto, 
Ohio;  joined  G.  N.  Shuster  Post,  No.  239,  G.  A.  R.,  of  the  same  place, 
June  30,  1882,  and  has  been  three  times  its  commander. 


ABRAHAM    DREYFUS. 

Was  born  in  the  kingdom  of  Bavaria,  now  a  portion  of  the  German 
Empire,  October  4,  1827,  an^  learned  the  trade  of  silversmith;  came  to 
the  United  States  in  1849,  an^  enlisted  in  Company  H,  7th  U.  S.  Infantry, 
January  31,  1855;  served  in  the  Utah  expedition  of  1857-58,  and  on  the 
frontier;  was  at  Fort  Buchanan,  Arizona,  with  his  company  when  the  war 
broke  out;  re-enlisted  at  expiration  of  term  of  service  in  his  company  for 
the  war;  detailed  to  camp  of  instruction  at  Cerro,  N.  M.,  to  drill  New 
Mexican  volunteers;  then  went  East  and  was  present  at  the  capture  of 
forts  Henry  and  Donelson ;  after  which  he  was  ordered  back  to  Fort  Gregg, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  363 

N.  M.,  where  he  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  took  part  in  all  the 
engagements  under  General  Canby  in  the  Department  of  New  Mexico; 
wounded  in  battle  at  Valverde,  N.  M.,  by  a  bullet  in  right  elbow;  com 
missioned  ad  lieutenant,  Company  K,  ist  California  Cavalry,  by  Governor 
Low  of  California,  but  declined;  appointed  ordnance-sergeant  in  the  Regu 
lar  Army,  and  honorably  discharged  as  such  in  the  spring  of  1865;  at  close 
of  war  went  to  Mazatlan  and  thence  to  Sinaloa,  Mexico,  where  he  success 
fully  engaged  in  mining  until  1884,  when  in  June  of  that  year  he  came 
to  California;  he  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  wholesale  liquor  business  at 
San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  and  is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  that  place. 

CARLOS   GEORGE  YOUNG. 

Was  born  in  Lisbon,  N.  H.,  February  9,  1845;  nas  been  engaged  in 
mercantile  business;  is  at  present  a  commission  merchant.  Enlisted  in 
5th  Massachusetts  Volunteers  July  1 2,  1864;  served  as  a  private;  unattached 
to  any  corps;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  at  Readville, 
Mass.,  November  16,  1864.  Is  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

FRANCIS   REA. 

Was  born  in  Macon  County,  Ills.,  June  9,  1845;  nas  been  a  farmer; 
is  at  present  superintendent  of  Peoples'  Ditch  Company  of  King's  River. 
Enlisted  in  Company  A,  35th  Illinois  Infantry,  April  i,  1862;  served  as  a 
private;  was  attached  to  4th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  was 
in  battles  of  Perryville,  Stone  River,  Tullahomo  campaign,  Chickamauga, 
Mission  Ridge,  and  in  Sherman's  campaign  to  Atlanta;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  at  Bull's  Gap,  March  31,  1865;  is  surgeon  of  Dun 
ham  Post,  No.  86,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Kingsburg,  Cal. ;  resides  in  Traver,  Tulare 
County,  Cal. 

ALBION  P.  WILSON. 

Was  born  in  Newport,  Me.,  May  2,  1822;  has  been  a  shipwright, 
lumberman,  millman,  land  agent,  cooper,  farmer;  is  at  present  a  caulker; 
enlisted  in  Company  F,  2d  Maine  Infantry,  April  15,  1861;  attached  to 
ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  3d  Army  Corps,  and  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  5th 
Army  Corps;  served  as  ist  lieutenant  and  captain,  received  commissions 
April  25,  1861,  and  September  14,  1861;  was  in  the  battles  of  ist  and  2d 
Bull  Run,  Yorktown,  Mechanicsville,  Malvern  Hill,  Antietam,  Hanover 
Court-house,  and  Fredericksburg;  was  wounded  in  last-named  battle  by  a 


364  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

shell  which  fractured  the  skull;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service 
by  special  order  from  General  Meade  April  15,  1863;  was  sent  to  Chicago 
convention  by  G.  A.  R.  as  delegate,  where  he  voted  for  Grant  in  soldiers' 
convention ;  has  been  deputy  assessor  and  deputy  licensing  collector  in  San 
Francisco;  was  post  commander  of  Post  No.  9,  New  Jersey;  is  at  present 
member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
his  place  of  residence. 

LUCIUS   M.  BOOTH. 

Was  born  in  Essex,  Vt.,  May  17,  1841;  has  been  a  car-builder  and 
lumber  merchant;  is  at  present  a  commission  merchant.  Enlisted  in  13111 
Vermont,  in  September,  1862;  served  as  corporal  and  ist  sergeant;  was 
attached  to  Vermont  Brigade;  was  in  battle  of  Gettysburg;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  in  1865.  Is  quartermaster  of  Rollin  S.  Sherman 
Post,  No.  86,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Essex  Junction,  Vt.,  his  place  of  residence. 


HORACE   L.  HADLEY. 

Was  born  in  Sandwich,  Carroll  County,  N.  H. ,  May  7,  1837;  is  a 
lawyer  by  profession.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  5th  Massachusetts  Regi 
ment,  August  26,  1862;  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  i8th  Army 
Corps,  commanded  by  General  Foster;  was  in  battles  of  Kinston,  White 
Hall,  Goldsboro  Bridge,  Gum  Swamp,  and  second  attack  on  Newbern, 
N.  C. ;  received  nine  wounds  during  service;  was  honorably  discharged 
at  Boston,  Mass.,  in  July,  1863.  Was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1862,  having 
read  law  with  Perry  &  Endicott  (the  last  named  being  Cleveland's  Secre 
tary  of  War);  practiced  law  seven  years  in  Massachusetts,  then  removed 
to  Ohio;  represented  Fayette  County  in  Ohio  Legislature,  1882-86;  has 
been  charter  commander  of  John  M.  Bell  Post,  No.  119,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Wash 
ington  Court-house,  Ohio,  his  place  of  residence. 


ROBERT   McCONNELL. 

Was  born  in  Ireland  in  1835;  has  been  a  carpenter  and  builder;  is  at 
present  a  police  officer  in  San  Francisco.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  i5oth 
New  York  Infantry,  September,  1862;  attached  to  2oth  Army  Corps;  served 
as  captain;  received  commission  October  6,  1862;  was  in  the  battles  of 
Gettysburg,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Dallas,  Resaca,  Marietta,  and  siege  of 
Atlanta;  received  slight  wound  at  Gettysburg;  on  the  night  of  second  day 
of  this  battle  was  ordered  in  command  of  Company  B  to  try  and  recapture 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  365 

the  ist  Indiana  Battery  from  the  rebels;  this  was  effected,  and  the  battery 
brought  inside  the  Union  lines  with  120  prisoners,  at  3  A.  M.,  after  six  hours 
hard  work;  in  1863  was  transferred  to  western  Army  of  Cumberland  under 
command  of  General  Hooker,  and  later  of  General  Slocum,  and  partici 
pated  in  all  the  battles  from  Chattanooga  to  Atlanta;  is  a  member  of 
Lincoln  Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  his  place  of 
residence. 

WILLIAM  T.  BURNETT. 

Was  born  in  Macoupin  County,  Ills.,  June  30,  1839;  has  been  engaged 
in  fanning;  enlisted  in  Company  A,  32d  Illinois  Infantry  August  27,  1861; 
attached  to  3d  Brigade,  4th  Division,  lyth  Army  Corps,  Army  of  Tennes 
see;  served  as  ist  sergeant,  2d  lieutenant,  and  ist  lieutenant;  promoted 
for  meritorious  services,  receiving  commissions  in  April,  1862,  and  January, 
1864;  was  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Hatchie,  Vicksburg,  Corinth,  Kenesaw 
Mountain,  Atlanta,  Savannah,  Nickajack,  Bentonville,  and  many  skir 
mishes;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Fort  Leaven  worth, 
Kas.,  October  15,  1862;  has  been  three  years  junior  vice-commander  of 
McPherson  Post,  No.  51,  G.  A.  R.,  atHanford,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


FRANK    H.  HOLSCHER. 

Was  born  in  Germany,  August  30,  1837;  has  been  a  carpenter  and 
millwright.  Enlisted  in  34th  N.  Y.  Infantry  May  18,  1861;  was  attached 
to  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  2d  Corps;  served  as  a  private;  was  in  the  battles 
of  Balls  Bluff,  siege  of  Yorktown,  Fredericksburg,  and  all  others  in  which 
his  regiment  was  engaged  until  time  of  discharge;  was  wounded  in  right 
arm  at  Antietam,  and  was  struck  by  pieces  of  shell,  receiving  slight 
injuries;  was  never  excused  from  duty  save  one  day  at  Harper's  Ferry 
when  ill  with  fever;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service,  at  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  June  30,  1863;  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

DEMING   W.  H.  DAY. 

Was  born  in  Pickaway  County,  Ohio,  February  12,  1832;  has  been 
attorney -at-law  and  farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  mth  Ohio  Volun 
teer  Infantry,  in  August,  1862;  served  as  captain  of  his  company,  and 
inspector  of  3d  Division;  was  attached  to  23d  Army  Corps;  brevetted  as 
lieutenant-colonel;  took  part  in  many  battles,  being  injured  at  Buffington 
Island,  Ohio,  by  fall  of  wounded  horse  during  Morgan's  raid;  also  received 


366  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

gunshot  wound  and  injury  from  shell  explosion  at  Resaca,  Ga.,  in  May, 
1864;  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  February 
8,  1866;  immediately  after  the  war,  was  quartermaster-general  of  Ohio, 
with  rank  of  brigadier-general,  upon  the  staff  of  General  J.  D.  Cox.  Was 
engaged  as  contractor  for  public  works  in  Ohio  for  three  years;  was  post 
commander,  and  is  a  member  of  Wiley  Post,  No.  46,  G.  A.  R.,  department 
of  Ohio,  at  Bowling  Green,  his  place  of  residence. 

SAMUEL  BRILEY. 

Was  born  September  21, 1831,  in  May-field,  Ky.;  a  carpenter  by  trade; 
at  present  a  fire  and  life  insurance  agent;  enlisted  August  n,  1862,  in 
Company  F  of  the  8ist  Illinois  Infantry,  and  served  as  corporal;  was 
attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  lyth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles 
at  Port  Gibson,  Raymond,  Jackson,  Miss.,  and  others;  was  wounded  in 
left  hand  and  wrist  at  Champion  Hills;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the 
service  at  Mound  City,  Ills.,  October  20,  1863.  Comrade  Brileyis  a  mem 
ber  of  Elco  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Elco,  Ills.,  where  he  resides;  is  senior  vice- 
commander  of  his  post. 

O.  H.  HULL. 

Was  born  in  Taylor  County,  W.  Va.,  June  16,  1845.  Enlisted  in 
Company  H,  i2th  West  Virginia  Infantry  in  January,  1864,  and  served  as 
a  private;  was  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley  campaign  of  1864,  being  at  the 
engagements  of  New  Market,  Piedmont,  and  Lynchburg;  was  with  Sher 
idan  at  the  battle  of  Winchester,  also  at  Snicker's  Ferry,  Cedar  Creek, 
and  Fisher's  Hill;  was  in  front  of  Richmond  April  i,  1865,  next  at  Peters 
burg,  from  there  to  the  surrender  of  Lee,  and  thence  to  Richmond;  was 
honorably  discharged  in  September,  1865.  Comrade  Hull  is  now  a  resi 
dent  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  G.  A.  R., 
of  that  place. 

JEROME   MILLER. 

Was  born  in  Lampeter  Square,  Lancaster  County,  Pa.,  May  5,  1845; 
has  been  railroad  conductor  and  engineer,  policeman,  foreman  of  the  Key 
stone  Bridge  Company  of  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  and  is  at  present  marshal  for 
Chinese  consul-general  of  San  Francisco.  Enlisted  in  i22d  Pennsylvania 
Volunteer  Infantry,  August,  1862;  5oth  Pennsylvania  Militia,  June,  1863, 
and  in  Battery  I,  Pennsylvania  Light  Artillery,  January,  1864;  attached 
to  ist  Brigade,  3d  Division,  3d  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  served  as 
private,  corporal,  and  sergeant;  was  in  the  battles  of  Snicker's  Gap, 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  367 

Kelly's  Ford,  first  and  second  Fredericksburg,  Fairfax  Court-house,  Salem 
Heights,  and  Chancellorsville;  was  wounded  at  the  last-named  battle  by 
sabot  from  shell  in  right  shin;  honorably  discharged  from  service,  1865; 
in  1878  entered  U.  S.  Marine  Corps  and  was  assigned  to  flagship  Rich 
mond,  then  setting  out  for  China  to^carry  General  Grant  on  his  tour  around 
the  world;  passed  four  years  in  China  and  Japan,  and  arrived  in  California, 
1882;  is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  his  present  place  of  residence. 

E.  K.   ABBOTT. 

Was  born  in  Canada  December  27, 1840,  and  his  occupation  has  been 
that  of  a  druggist  and  physician.  Enlisted  October  7,  1864,  in  Company 
I  of  the  gth  Illinois  Cavalry,  and  served  as  corporal  in  the  army  operating 
in  Tennessee  and  Alabama;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  Octo 
ber  13,  1865,  at  Montgomery,  Ala.  Is  a  member  of  James  B.  Steedman 
Post,  No.  56,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Salinas,  Monterey  County,  Cal.,  where  he  is  a 
practicing  physician. 

JOHN  COSTELLO. 

Was  born  in  Ireland  in  1832;  is  a  musician,  serving  at  present  in 
that  capacity  on  board  the  U.  S.  receiving  ship  Independence,  at  Mare 
Island,  Cal.;  enlisted  in  1857  in  the  Qth  U.  S.  Infantry  and  served  con 
tinuously  until  1868;  the  latter  part  of  service  being  in  the  2d  U.  S. 
Artillery;  was  attached  to  the  5th  Army  Corps,  and  took  part  in  eighteen 
battles,  among  which  were  Pittsburg  Landing,  Yorktown,  Hanover  Court 
house,  Fair  Oaks,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Gettys 
burg,  Chickamauga,  Wilderness,  Cold  Harbor,  and  others;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  the  army  in  1868;  since  then  has  been  a  whaler  in  the 
Arctic  Ocean,  making  many  narrow  escapes ;  at  one  time  was  caught  and 
retained  in  an  ice-pack  for  six  weeks,  drifting  towards  the  north  pole. 
Comrade  Costello  is  a  member  of  Farragut  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Vallejo, 
Cal. 

G.  W.   F.  VERNON. 

Was  born  in  Frederick,  Md.,  June  14,  1863;  has  been  a  lawyer,  post 
master  at  Frederick  city,  Md.,  special  agent  U.  S.  Treasury  Department 
and  surveyor  of  customs  at  Baltimore.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  Cole's 
Cavalry,  which  formed  battalion  of  P.  H.  B.  Cavalry,  Maryland  Volun 
teers;  was  attached  to  i2th  and  8th  Army  Corps;  served  as  2d  lieutenant, 
ist  lieutenant,  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  acting  brigade  commander; 


368  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

received  commissions  in  June  and  October,  1862,  March  and  April,  1864; 
was  in  battles  of  Winchester,  siege  of  Harper's  Ferry,  Piedmont,  Lees- 
burg,  Lynchburg,  Winchester,  Antietam,  London  Heights,  and  others, 
being  distinguished  for  brilliant  cavalry  charges;  was  wounded  by  bullet 
in  head,  received  saber  wounds  in  1865,  and  had  his  left  eye  shot  out  at 
midnight  attack  on  London  Heights;  was  honorably  discharged  from 
service,  at  Harper's  Ferry,  June  28,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Reynolds 
Post,  No.  2,  G.  A.  R. ;  has  served  as  its  commander,  twice  as  senior  vice- 
department  commander,  and  is  at  present  department  commander  of 
Maryland. 

H.   S.   DEARBORN. 

Was  born  in  New  Hampshire  March  24,  1838,  and  by  trade  is  a  last- 
maker.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  iyth  Massachusetts  Infantry,  April  26, 
1861,  and  was  in  Burnside's  gth  Army  Corps,  taking  part  in  the  battles  of 
White  Hall,  Gum  Swamp,  Kinston,  Goldsboro,  and  others;  was  hon 
orably  discharged  August  3,  1864.  Comrade  Dearborn  is  now  a  resident 
of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  the  same  place. 


LOUIS   C.  CLEVELAND. 

Was  born  in  Princeton,  Bureau  County,  Ills.,  in  1838;  has  been 
engaged  in  farming,  stock-raising,  and  mining;  his  present  occupation  is 
teaming;  crossed  the  plains  with  an  ox-team  in  1859;  being  taken  sick 
remained  at  Carson  city,  Utah,  now  Nevada,  for  the  winter,  and  in  the 
spring  engaged  in  the  restaurant  business  in.  Virginia  City;  came  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1860.  Enlisted  in  Company  G,  2d  California  Cavalry,  October 
29,  1864;  served  as  a  private;  was  on  provost  guard  duty  at  Sacramento, 
Cal. ;  mustered  out  February  i,  1866;  is  a  member  of  Jesse  L.  Reno  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Hollister,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


DAVID  GREAVES. 

Was  born  August  22,  1835,  in  Leicester,  Eng. ;  has  been  a  machinist, 
gas  engineer,  and  merchant;  is  at  present  deputy  county  clerk;  enlisted  in 
ist  Iowa  Infantry  April  16,  1861,  and  re-enlisted  in  the  2ist  Iowa  Infantry 
July  1 8,  1862,  and  served  as  a  private,  corporal,  lieutenant,  captain,  and 
maior;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  i3th  Army  Corps; 
was  present  at  and  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Dug  Springs,  Mo.,  Forsyth, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  369 

Wilson's  Creek,  Hartsville,  Beaver  Creek,  Magnolia  Hill,  Miss.,  Cham 
pion  Hills,  Black  River  Bridge,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Fort  Esperanza,  Tex. , 
and  the  siege  of  Mobile;  was  wounded  five  times  in  leg  and  arm;  was 
honorably  discharged  from  the  service  August  18,  1865.  Comrade  Greaves 
is  a  member  of  Canby  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Hot  Springs,  Ark.,  where  he 
resides;  has  been  senior  vice-commander  and  adjutant  of  his  post  and  senior 
vice-commander  of  the  department  of  Arkansas. 


LOYAL  D.  GRISWOLD. 

Was  born  in  St.  Lawrence  County,  N.  Y. ,  May  28,  1839;  is  a  car 
penter  and  builder.  Enlisted  November  2,  1861,  in  Company  L  of  the 
9th  New  York  Cavalry,  and  served  as  private,  corporal,  and  orderly- 
sergeant;  was  attached  to  Sheridan's  Cavalry  Corps;  wintered  in  1861-62 
near  Washington;  was  on  detached  duty  for  a  time;  then  was  mounted, 
and  served  in  eastern  Virginia  until  the  spring  of  1863;  was  orderly  for 
General  Slocum,  and  served  as  such  until  after  the  battle  of  Gettysburg; 
rejoining  his  regiment,  was  shot  through  the  throat  at  the  battle  of  Brandy 
Station,  and,  being  taken  prisoner  at  the  same  time,  was  confined  in  the 
tobacco  warehouse  prisons  at  Richmond  for  six  months  before  being 
exchanged,  after  which  was  for  two  months  in  the  Annapolis  Prisoners' 
Hospital;  rejoined  his  regiment  while  it  was  engaged  in  the  battle  at  Cold 
Harbor;  then  served  with  Sheridan  in  his  operations  at  Petersburg  and  in 
the  Shenandoah  Valley;  was  mustered  out  after  the  battle  of  Fisher's 
Hill.  Came  to  California  in  1885,  and  settled  at  Los  Angeles.  Comrade 
Griswold  is  a  member  of  Stanton  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal., 
where  he  resides. 

JAMES   F.   WALKER. 

Was  born  in  Crawford  County,  Pa.,  July  3,  1827;  nas  been  a  printer, 
and  has  been  engaged  in  various  other  pursuits.  Enlisted  in  Company  E 
of  the  2d  Kansas  Infantry  in  May,  1861,  and  served  as  a  corporal;  was 
attached  to  the  command  of  General  Lyon;  at  the  battle  of  Wilson's  Creek 
was  wounded  three  times  and  taken  prisoner;  was  shot  through  left  fore 
and  upper  arm  and  in  left  side;  was  for  three  months  in  prison  at  Spring 
field,  Mo. ;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  in  November,  1861; 
was  shortly  afterwards  appointed  quartermaster's  clerk  in  the  Indian  Bri 
gade,  and  served  in  southwest  Missouri  and  Arkansas;  took  part  as  a  vol 
unteer  in  the  battles  at  Fort  Wayne,  Prairie  Grove,  and  Cane  Hill;  in  the 
first-named  battle  his  horse  was  killed  under  him;  in  the  spring  of  1863 

Y 


370  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

was  chief  clerk  of  the  commissary  department  at  Fort  Gibson,  Cherokee 
Nation;  November  16,  1863,  was  commissioned  assistant  quartermaster- 
general  on  the  staff  of  General  Scott  of  the  southern  division  of  the 
Kansas  State  Militia;  March  22, 1864,  was  commissioned  captain  and  assist 
ant-quartermaster  on  the  staff  of  Brigadier-General  Scott  in  the  Kansas 
State  Militia,  and  was  on  active  duty  on  the  frontier;  has  been  several 
times  appointed  as  U.  S.  deputy  marshal  for  the  district  of  Kansas;  in 
August,  1869,  was  appointed  notary  public  in  Anderson  County,  Kas., 
and  served  in  that  capacity  for  four  years;  came  to  California  in  1875, 
and  has  since  resided  in  Los  Angeles;  is  at  present  the  president  of  the 
Ex- Prisoners  of  War  Association  of  California.  Comrade  Walker  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles. 


JOSEPH  C.  WALKINSHAW. 

Was  born  August  24,  1831,  at  Jacksonville,  Pa.,  was  a  millwright  and 
machinist  before  the  war;  from  Kansas,  in  1857,  went  out  in  charge  of  trans 
portation  with  Johnson's  Army  on  the  Utah  expedition.  At  Green  River, 
Wyoming,  ttye  Mormons  burned  their  whole  outfit  of  seventy-two  wagons. 
He  turned  back  from  Fort  Bridger  toward  the  States  in  charge  of  ninety-four 
men,  and  started  on  foot  to  Fort  Leavenworth  in  November  with  snow  on  the 
ground  two  feet  deep.  Ninety-two  of  the  party  were  taken  safely  through, 
the  other  two  having  left  the  camp  and  been  frozen  to  death.  For  three 
days  between  Fort  Laramie  and  Fort  Kearney  they  were  without  rations, 
and  they  were  again  in  the  same  fix  for  two  days  between  that  point  and 
the  settlements.  The  entire  trip  was  made  without  tents  or  shelter  other 
than  four  wagons,  which  were  used  for  the  sick  and  frost-bitten  men.  The 
party  endured  terrible  sufferings  in  snow-storms  and  blizzards,  wading 
rivers  running  full  of  ice,  etc.  They  arrived  at  Fort  Leavenworth  late 
in  January,  1858,  nearly  naked  and  barefooted.  The  newspapers  of  that 
day  contained  graphic  accounts  of  the  terrible  march.  In  the  winter  of 
1860  comrade  Walkinshaw  returned  to  Pennsylvania,  and  four  days  after 
President  Lincoln's  first  call  for  troops  he  reported  to  General  Negley  at 
the  Monongahela  House,  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  with  a  company  of  184  men, 
mostly  coal-boat  and  river  men.  This  company  eventually  became  a  part 
of  the  gth  Regiment,  Pennsylvania  Reserves.  In  1861  and  1862  he  was 
orderly-sergeant,  2d  lieutenant,  and  ist  lieutenant,  commanding  the  com 
pany.  In  1863  he  was  promoted  to  a  captaincy  in  the  ist  Kansas  Infantry 
and  assigned  to  duty  as  drill  officer  of  Lane's  Brigade  at  Fort  Leaven 
worth,  Kan. ;  being  afterward  promoted  major  and  aid-de-camp,  he  served 
in  that  capacity  until  the  close  of  the  war.  By  authority  of  Governor 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  371 

Osborne  of  Kansas  he  organized  the  Veteran  Rifles,  composed  of  G.  A.  R. 
men,  with  which  he  also  served  under  governors  Anthony  and  St.  John ; 
was  discharged  with  his  company  after  five  years'  service  as  an  independent 
company;  since  the  war  has  been  a  stage  machinist;  and  since  1869  he 
has  been  with  the  Missouri  Pacific  and  the  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa 
Fe  railroads;  he  is  also  editor  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  a  newspaper  published  at 
Leaven  worth,  Kan;  in  1875  he  became  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  i, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  but  since  1876  has  belonged  to  Custer  Post, 
No.  6,  of  Kansas;  served  as  assistant  adjutant-general  from  1876  to  1878, 
and  department  commander  from  1879  to  1882.  When  he  took  hold 
of  the  department  it  had  but  one  post  of  sixteen  members,  but  when 
he  turned  it  over  to  his  successor  it  consisted  of  157  posts,  with  5,000 
members.  Was  recommended  by  General  Ord  for  promotion  for  gallantry 
on  the  field. 

HERRICK  R.  SCHELL. 

Was  born  in  Lewis  County,  N.  Y.,  June  3,  1845;  *s  engaged  in  viti 
culture;  enlisted  in  Battery  H,  ist  New  York  Light  Artillery,  August  28, 
1861;  served  as  private  and  corporal,  being  attached  to  the  4th  Army 
Corps  in  McClellan's  peninsular  campaign,  the  8th  Army  Corps  under 
General  Dix,  also  istand  5th  Army  Corps  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac; 
re-enlisted  as  a  veteran  volunteer  in  Company  H,  at  Culpeper,  Va. ;  was 
in  the  battles  of  Yorktown,  Williamsburg,  Chickahominy,  Seven  Pines, 
or  Fair  Oaks,  Savage  Station,  and  seven  days'  fighting  before  Richmond, 
closing  with  battle  of  Malvern  Hill;  also  Mine  Run,  Wilderness,  Spottsyl- 
vania,  Five  Forks,  and  many  others,  down  to  the  surrender  of  Lee  at 
Appomattox;  also  took  part  in  the  raid  of  General  Kilpatrick  in  Vir 
ginia,  capturing  many  prisoners  and  stock.  Was  honorably  discharged 
from  service  June  17,  1865;  has  been  county  clerk  for  three  years;  is  a 
member  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Modesto,  Cal.  Resides  at 
Knight's  Ferry,  Stanislaus  County,  Cal. 


A.   H.  MUNDT. 

Was  born  August  5,  1847,  in  Bremen,  Germany;  is  a  gold  and  silver 
smith,  watchmaker,  and  jeweler.  Enlisted  March. 31,  1863,  in  the  nth 
Illinois  Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private;  principally  with  the  i5th  and 
1 8th  Army  Corps;  was  present  and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh, 
Black  River  expedition,  Jackson,  Yazoo  City,  Haines'  Bluff,  Grierson's 
raid,  and  several  other  scouts  and  skirmishes;  was  wounded  three  times, 
viz. :  in  left  lung,  right  hip,  and  left  knee — the  latter  at  Egypt,  Miss. ;  was 


372  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

captured  at  the  same  time;  while  wounded,  was  exposed  to  rain  and  sleet 
on  the  field  of  battle  for  three  days;  was  taken  to  prison  at  Columbus, 
Miss.,  and  a  month  later  to  Cahaba,  Ala.;  while  on  the  way  was  shot  by 
a  drunken  rebel  officer  through  the  left  lung;  was  two  months  in  prison 
at  Cahaba,  during  which  time  suffered  many  indignities  and  hardships; 
was  put  in  the  stockade  by  the  superintendent  for  making  a  caricature  of 
him;  through  the  breaking  of  a  dam  the  prison  was  flooded;  had  to  stand 
in  cold  water  for  nearly  three  days;  was  finally  exchanged;  has  been  a 
great  sufferer  ever  since  the  war;  draws  a  pension  on  account  of  permanent 
disability.  Comrade  Mundt  has  been  for  three  years  special  mustering  officer 
for  the  department  of  Illinois;  has  been  a  post  commander,  and  performed 
the  duties  of  adjutant,  officer  of  the  day  and  junior  vice-commander;  is  a 
member  of  Fairbury  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Fairbury,  Livingston  County, 
Ills.,  where  he  resides. 

JOHN   W.  DECK. 

Was  born  in  Madison  County,  Ills.,  May  6,  1843;  ^as  been  a  car 
penter.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  8oth  Illinois  Infantry,  August  13,  1862; 
served  as  a  private;  attached  to  3d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  4th  Army  Corps, 
Army  of  the  Cumberland;  was  in  twenty -five  battles;  participated  in  Gen 
eral  Street's  raid,  when  he  was  made  prisoner  in  Georgia,  but  exchanged 
after  fourteen  days;  served  in  heavy  artillery,  guarding  bridges,  and  on 
pioneer  duty;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Camp  Marker, 
Tenn.,  June  10,  1865.  Removed  to  California  in  1875;  is  a  member  of 
Frank  Bartlett  Post,  No.  26,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal. ;  resides  at 
San  Bernardino,  Cal. 

F.   D.   BICKNELL. 

Was  born  in  Chittenden  County,  Vt.,  April  20,  1842;  has  been  a 
farmer,  teacher,  and  physician  and  surgeon,  which  last  is  his  present  occii- 
pation.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  23d  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  August  15, 
1862,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  Burbridge's  brigade,  A.  J. 
Smith's  division,  i3th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  at  Chickasaw  Bayou, 
Arkansas  Post,  Cypress  Bend,  Greenville,  Port  Gibson,  Champion  Hills, 
Black  River  Bridge,  siege  and  capture  of  Vicksburg,  Jackson,  Miss.,  Car 
rion  Crow  Bayou,  Mansfield,  Cane  River,  Jackson,  La.,  siege  of  Spanish 
Fort,  Blakely,  Ala.,  and  numerous  skirmishes  and  minor  engagements;  his 
discharge  has  inscribed  on  the  back  the  above  number  of  battles  certified 
to  by  Henry  A.  Vilas,  the  present  postmaster-general,  who  was  captain 
of  the  company,  and  later  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  regiment.  Comrade 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  373 

Bicknell  was  honorably  discharged  the  service  at  Mobile,  Ala.,  July  4, 
1865;  he  completed  his  education  at  the  State  University  of  Wisconsin, 
and  read  medicine  with  a  prominent  physician  in  Madison,  Wis. ;  attended 
lectures  at  the  Rush  Medical  College  of  Chicago,  Ills. ,  from  which  he  was 
graduated  in  1870;  practiced  medicine  in  southwest  Wisconsin  until  1874, 
when  he  came  to  California;  is  a  member  of  Stan  ton  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Los  Angeles,  his  place  of  residence,  and  is  surgeon  of  his  post. 


AARON  FREDERICK. 

Was  born  in  Berks  County,  Pa.,  December  25,  1834;  is  a  miller. 
Enlisted  in  Company  H,  2d  Ohio  Heavy  Artillery,  and  served  as  a  private; 
attached  to  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  regiment  engaged  in  keeping 
country  free  from  rebel  raiding  parties;  although  serving  as  infantry  and 
frequently  in  line  of  battle  was  never  engaged  in  battle;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  June,  1865;  removed  to  California  in  1882;  is  a 
member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino, 
Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

CHARLES   GUIRRARD. 

Was  born  in  Brittany,  France,  in  March,  1822;  has  been  a  farmer 
and  sailor,  and  is  at  present  engaged  in  gardening.  Enlisted  in  Company 
I,  4th  California  Infantry,  April  22,  1862,  and  served  as  a  private,  in  the 
Department  of  the  Pacific;  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  Arizona  and  the 
California  mountains,  keeping  roads  and  communications  open  and  pro 
tecting  the  frontiers;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Drum 
Barracks,  Cal.,  April  22,  1865.  Before  coming  to  America  served  six 
years  in  the  French  navy  in  the  time  of  Louis  Philippe.  Is  a  member  of 
W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  his 
place  of  residence. 

CLEMENT   W.  KIDDER. 

Was  born  in  Yates  County,  N.  Y. ,  June  24,  1838;  his  occupations  in 
life  have  been  engineer  and  millwright,  and  all  kinds  of  wood  manufac 
turing;  his  present  business  is  that  of  real  estate  agent;  was  living  at 
Lebanon,  Tenn.,  at  the  time  of  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War;  returned 
to  New  York,  his  native  State,  and  enlisted  in  Company  I,  33d  N.  Y.  Vol 
unteers;  served  as  a  private  and  corporal;  belonged  to  the  2d  brigade, 
Smith's  division,  Franklin's  corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  took  part  in 


374  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  battles  of  Lewinsville,  Draiiiesville,  Big  Bethel,  Yorktown,  Williams- 
burg,  Mechanicsville,  and  Games'  Mills;  was  captured  June  27,  1862,  the 
second  day  of  the  seven  days'  fight,  and  confined  some  four  months  in 
Libby  Prison,  Richmond,  Va. ;  released  on  parole  in  the  latter  part  of 
October,  but  after  being  exchanged  was  found  unfit  for  duty  and  in  conse 
quence  discharged  the  service  on  surgeon's  certificate  of  disability  at 
Alexandria,  Va.,  December  22,  1862;  came  to  California  six  years  ago 
and  is  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles,  his 
place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM   R.  ROGERS. 

Was  born  in  Clinton  County,  Ind.,  September  n,  1848;  a  wheel 
wright  by  trade.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  26th  Illinois  Infantry,  Febru 
ary  15,  1864;  served  as  a  private;  attached  to  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division, 
1 5th  Army  Corps;  participated  in  Sherman's  campaign  to  Atlanta  and 
the  march  to  the  sea,  being  in  all  the  battles  of  that  campaign;  was  at 
the  grand  review  in  Washington;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service 
at  Louisville,  Ky. ,  July  20,  1865.  Removed  to  California  in  1881;  was 
a  charter  member  of  Benton  Post,  No.  25,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Fowler,  Benton 
County,  Ind.,  and  resides  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal. 


RANSOM    E.    HATHORN. 

Was  born  in  Londonderry,  Vt.,  November  3,  1843;  ifi  engaged  in 
manufacture  and  sale  of  harness,  carriages,  etc.  Enlisted  in  Company  G, 
nth  Vermont  Volunteers,  August  u,  1862;  served  in  fortifications  at 
Washington  until  spring  of  1864;  then  joined  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and 
was  in  all  the  battles  from  Spottsylvania  to  Appomattox;  was  honorably 
discharged  at  Washington  June  24,  1865;  was  commander  of  O.  O.  How 
ard  Post,  No.  33,  G.  A.  R. ;  is  now  aid-de-camp  on  Governor  Ormsbee's 
staff,  with  rank  as  colonel;  resides  in  Ludlow,  Vt. 

JOHN  TENDGE. 

Was  born  in  Waterford,  Ireland,  November  3,  1824;  nas  been  a  printer 
and  stereotyper;  is  now  engaged  in  fanning.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  ist 
Middle  Tennessee  Infantry  (afterwards  known  as  loth  Tennessee  Infantry) 
November  5,  1862;  served  as  captain  and  lieutenant-colonel;  commissions 
date  November  5,  1862,  and  summer  of  1863;  was  attached  to  the  i4th 
Army  Corps;  participated  in  nearly  all  the  military  operations  in  Tennes 
see  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  375 

Knoxville,  Term.,  June  23,  1865;  before  enlistment  was  residing  in  Texas, 
and  was  forced  by  secessionists  to  sacrifice  property  and  business  and  flee 
for  his  life  on  account  of  his  loyalty  to  the  Union.  After  many  dangers 
and  delays  joined  the  Union  Army  in  Kentucky  as  a  citizen  in  quarter 
master's  department  and  became  forage  master  in  the  Army  of  the  Ohio; 
participated  in  nearly  all  of  the  military  operations  in  Tennessee  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  was  Indian  agent  for  four  years;  is  quartermaster  of 
W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  his  place 
of  residence. 

JOHN    HACKNEY. 

Was  born  in  Johnson  County,  Mo.,  September  10,  1839;  has  been  a 
blacksmith.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  2d  California  Cavalry,  September 
25,  1861;  served  as  company  farrier;  regiment  employed  in  guarding  and 
keeping  open  immigrant  trails,  and  was  engaged  in  various  skirmishes 
with  Indians,  principally  Modocs  and  Piutes;  was  honorably  discharged 
from  service  October  13,  1864.  Is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post, 
No.  57,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


JOHN    BRAIDS. 

Was  born  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  June  3,  1826;  has  been  a  carriage  smith. 
Enlisted  in  U.  S.  Navy  September  16,  1862;  served  as  landsman  and  first- 
class  fireman ;  shipped  at  New  York  harbor,  first  serving  on  receiving  ship 
North  Carolina;  was  detailed  to  Washington  on  gunboat  Anacosta  of  the 
Potomac  flotilla;  was  then  made  first-class  fireman,  taking  part  in  fight 
at  Port  Royal,  and  many  minor  actions;  did  patrol  duty  on  Potomac  and 
Rappahannock  rivers  and  Chesapeake  Bay;  was  honorably  discharged  at 
expiration  of  term  of  service  at  Piney  Point  on  the  Potomac  September 
28,  1863;  is  ex-chaplain  and  present  officer  of  the  guard  of  Grant  Post, 
No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  Modesto,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


CHARLES  MAY  CAREY. 

Was  born  in  Chemung  County,  N.  Y.,  June  22,  1849;  nas  been  a 
druggist  and  is  now  a  jeweler;  enlisted  in  Company  D,  iO3d  New  York 
Volunteers,  February,  1864;  served  as  a  drummer-boy;  his  regiment  tak 
ing  part  in  the  bombardment  of  Secessionville  and  expeditions  to  James 
Island,  also  in  Sheridan's  campaign  against  Early;  then  transferred  to  the 
Army  of  the  James;  served  before  Petersburg  under  General  Ord;  the 
father  and  four  sons  of  this  family  served  in  the  late  war;  C.  M.  Carey 


376  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

was  honorably  discharged  from  service  December  7,  1865;  is  captain  of 
Company  E,  ist  Regiment,  Delaware  National  Guard,  receiving  commis 
sion  in  1880;  has  been  surgeon  of  General  A.  T.  A.  Torbert  Post,  No.  3, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Dover,  Del.;  organized  General  Dan  Woodall  Post,  No.  u, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Wyoming,  Del.,  his  place  of  residence,  and  was  its  first  com 
mander,  and  was  department  commander  of  Delaware  in  1884. 

BENJAMIN    F.    FUNK. 

Was  born  October  17,  1838,  in  Bloomington,  Ills.;  a  farmer  and  stock- 
dealer.  Enlisted  in  May,  1862,  in  the  68th  Illinois  Infantry,  and  served 
as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  the  service  at  Springfield,  Ills.,  in  October,  1862.  Com 
rade  Funk  is  a  member  of  Post  No.  146,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Illinois, 
at  Bloomington,  Ills.,  where  he  resides. 

FREDERICK   BARTCH. 

Was  born  in  Germany,  November  26, 1845  '•>  nas  Deen  a  farmer.  Enlisted 
in  1 1 6th  New  York  Volunteers,  September,  1862;  was  in  the  battles  of 
Port  Hudson  and  Donaldsonville,  being  wounded  in  the  former  by  a  piece 
of  shell  which  struck  him  in  the  left  leg,  and  again  wounded  in  the  latter 
battle;  was  then  transferred  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps  at  New  Orleans, 
where  he  was  honorably  discharged  November  29,  1864;  is  a  member  of 
Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  Modesto,  Cal. ;  resides  at  Grayson,  Cal. 

HENRY   CHRISTMAN. 

Was  born  in  Herkimer  County,  N.  Y.,  June  15,  1845;  has  been  a 
farmer  and  drayman.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  74th  Illinois  Infantry 
Volunteers,  September  9,  1862;  served  as  a  private;  was  in  the  battles  of 
Perryville,  Stone  River,  Liberty  Gap,  Chickamauga,  Dalton,  and  other 
engagements;  on  one  occasion  was  shot  in  the  shoulder;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  June  10,  1865.  Is  a  member 
of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  Modesto,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

ROSWELL  O.   P.   PHILLIPS. 

Was  born  in  Nashville,  Washington  County,  Ills.,  January  27,  1844; 
has  been  a  physician  and  surgeon.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  6oth  Illinois 
Infantry,  in  1861;  served  as  a  private;  was  mustered  February  17,  1862,  on 
transports  for  Pittsburg  Landing,  Tenn.,  taking  part  in  Halleck's  cam 
paign  and  siege  of  Corinth;  then  went  to  Nashville  and  served  on  guard 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  377 

duty  six  months;  then  with  Rosecrans'  Army,  in  General  Granger's 
Reserve  Corps,  to  Chickamauga,  Tenn. ;  then  with  Sherman  to  Knoxville 
and  Chattanooga;  then  in  i4th  Army  Corps  with  Sherman  to  Atlanta, 
in  February,  1864,  from  there  to  the  sea;  from  Savannah  up  through  the 
Carolinas  to  Fayetteville,  N.  C.,  where  he  was  honorably  discharged  in 
March,  1865.  Is  quartermaster  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  Modesto, 
Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

JOHN  NORGROVE. 

Was  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y. ,  August  i,  1841;  has  been  a  saddler;  is 
now  a  trunk  manufacturer.  Enlisted  in  ist  New  York  Light  Artillery 
February  i,  1864;  served  as  private;  was  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania,  North  Anna,  Tolopotomy,  Bethesda  Church,  Petersburg, 
Weldon  Railroad,  Peebel's  Farm,  Hatcher's  Run,  Five  Forks,  Gravelly 
Run,  and  witnessed  Lee's  surrender  at  Appomattox;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  from  service  June  19,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Thomas  Post,  No.  2, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

WESLEY  SMITH  MANN. 

Was  born  in  Hendricks  County,  Ind.,  October  28,  1845;  has  been  a 
farmer;  enlisted  in  Company  A,  53d  Indiana  Infantry,  February  6,  1862; 
served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  2d  Brigade,  4th  Division,  iyth  Army 
Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Hatchie,  Vicksburg,  siege  of  Corinth,  and 
Kenesaw  Mountain,  also  in  the  Meridian  campaign  and  several  skir 
mishes;  was  wounded  in  shoulder  at  Vicksburg  while  digging  rifle-pits; 
at  Kenesaw  Mountain,  while  in  charge,  was  taken  prisoner,  with  Captain 
Wakefield  and  nine  of  the  company,  and  spent  five  months  in  Anderson- 
ville  Prison,  being  paroled  at  Savannah,  December,  1864;  took  part  in  the 
grand  review  at  Washington,  and  was  honorably  discharged  from  service 
July  21,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Modesto, 
Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

GILBERT   B.  LILLIE. 

Was  born  in  Joliet,  111. ,  January  8, 1842;  has  been  in  the  furniture  busi 
ness.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  2d  New  Jersey  Infantry,  April  26,  1861,  and 
re-enlisted  in  Company  G,  8th  Illinois  Cavalry,  February  4,  1864;  served 
as  a  private  in  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  with  Butler  at  taking  of  Annap 
olis,  and  one  of  the  first  to  cross  Long  Bridge  into  Virginia  when  Colonel 
Ellsworth  was  killed;  was  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Wilderness,  and 


378  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

many  raids;  in  a  fight  at  Rectortown  received  bullet  in  groin  which  he 
still  carries;  was  made  a  prisoner,  but  escaped;  while  in  the  train  on  the 
way  to  hospital  was  badly  hurt  by  cars  going  over,  embankment,  a  rail 
being  misplaced  by  the  rebels;  also  received  a  saber  wound  in  forehead  in 
a  cavalry  engagement  and  suffered  long  illness  in  consequence  of  hurts 
and  wounds;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  June  6,  1865;  is  a 
member  of  McPherson  Post,  No.  51,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Hanford,  Tulare  County, 
Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

HENRY   F.  GEER. 

Was  born  in  Kent,  Conn.,  1840;  has  been  a  farmer.  Enlisted  in 
ist  N.  Y.  Mounted  Rifles  August  13,  1862;  served  as  private,  corporal, 
and  sergeant;  was  in  the  battles  around  Petersburg,  and  many  of  the  bat 
tles  towards  the  close  of  the  war,  also  raids  and  skirmishes;  was  one  of 
ten  volunteers  sent  from  City  Point,  Va.,  to  communicate  with  General 
Grant  at  Cold  Harbor,  being  obliged  to  take  a  hard  ride  across  the 
country,  dodging  small  bands  and  encampments  of  the  enemy;  was  hon 
orably  discharged  from  service  November  29,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Grant 
Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Modesto,  Cal.;  resides  at  Turlock,  Cal. 


AARON  GORDON. 

Was  born  in  Springfield,  Clarke  County,  Ohio,  August  25,  1830;  has 
been  a  bricklayer  and  plasterer.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  83d  Illinois  Vol 
unteers,  August  25,  1862;  served  as  a  private  and  hospital  steward;  was  in 
the  battles  of  Nashville,  Pulaski,  and  Waverly;  first  service  was  scouting 
in  Kentucky  and  Tennessee  one  year,  then  served  on  provost  duty  for  ten 
months  at  Clarksville,  scouted  for  two  months  in  Georgia  after  Forrest 
and  Wheeler;  returned  to  Clarksville  and  was  detailed  on  duty  in  the  post 
bakery;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  in  Nashville  July  25, 
1865;  is  a  member  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  Modesto,  Cal.,  his 
place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM   H.  ARMENT. 

Was  born  in  Lancaster  County,  Pa.,  April  9,  1846;  has  been  a  painter 
and  decorator.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  5oth  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  in 
April,  1863,  and  in  Company  M,  2oth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  in  February, 
1864;  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  3d  brigade,  3d  division,  Sheridan's 
cavalry  corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Fisher's  Hill,  Cedar  Creek,  Five 
Forks,  Hunter's  raid  to  Lynchburg,  and  other  engagements;  received  a 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  379 

bullet  wound  in  neck  at  Piedmont,  and  a  saber  wound  in*  knee  at  Lynch - 
burg;  was  in  the  Dinwiddie  flank  march  campaign,  and  witnessed  Lee's 
surrender  at  Appomattox  on  his  nineteenth  birthday;  went  from  there  to 
the  grand  review  at  Washington,  being  honorably  discharged  at  Phila 
delphia  July,  1865.  Is  post  commander  and  ex-chaplain  of  Grant  Post, 
No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  Modesto,  Cal,  his  place  of  residence. 

ARZA    C.    BLANCHARD. 

Was  born  in  Winnebago  County,  Ills.,  December  4,  1847;  has  been  a 
butcher.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  ist  Nevada  Infantry,  May  15,  1864; 
served  as  private;  marched  four  hundred  miles  from  Fort  Churchill  to  Fort 
Ruby;  from  there  went  on  expedition  to  Battle  Mountain,  being  in  that 
celebrated  Indian  battle,  and  many  other  Indian  fights;  scouted  one  sum 
mer  on  the  plains  in  Utah  and  Goose  Creek  mountains;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  at  Fort  Ruby,  Nev.,  December  15,  1865;  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  Modesto,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


HENRY  DE   B.    CLAY. 

Was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  June  22,  1843,  an<^  graduated  at  Mount 
Pleasant  Military  Academy  at  Sing  Sing,  N.  Y. ;  was  appointed  May  14, 
1861,  a  captain  in  the  i4th  U.  S.  Infantry,  while  still  under  eighteen  years 
of  age;  thus  it  is  possible  that  he  was  the  youngest  captain  ever  commis 
sioned  by  the  President;  he  served  with  his  regiment  in  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  of  the  5th  Army 
Corps;  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness;  after  the  war  was 
ordered  to  the  frontier,  and  served  in  Arizona  and  Oregon ;  was  transferred 
to  the  23d  U.  S.  Infantry  in  1866;  in  1870  obtained  leave  of  absence; 
went  abroad,  and  made  an  extended  tour  through  Europe,  examining  into 
the  organization  and  discipline  of  the  armies  of  Great  Britain,  France, 
Germany,  and  Italy;  was  present  at  the  surrender  of  Napoleon  at  Sedan; 
resigned  from  the  army  November  20,  1870,  and  engaged  in  civil  pursuits, 
from  which  he  was  called  to  organize  and  as  colonel  to  command  the 
Centennial  Guard,  a  semi-mil itary  police  of  1,200  men,  at  the  inter 
national  exhibition  held  in  Philadelphia  in  1876;  since  then  has  been  a 
resident  of  Virginia,  and  is  at  present  located  at  Newport  News;  in  1882 
was  appointed  a  member  of  the  board  of  managers  of  the  Eastern  Lunatic 
Asylum  at  Williamsburg,  and  the  following  year  was  elected  its  president; 
in  1883  was  appointed  collector  of  customs  at  Newport  News,  which  posi 
tion  he  held  until  September  i,  1885;  is  at  present  an  insurance  agent. 


380  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Comrade  Clay  joined  Geo.  Washington  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  New  York 
city,  in  1879;  is  at  present  a  member  of  John  K.  Clay  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Hampton,  Va. ,  which  post  was  named  after  his  brother,  brevet  Captain 
Clay,  of  the  i4th  U.  S.  Infantry,  who  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Laurel 
Hill  in  1864;  Colonel  Clay  was  unanimously  elected  commander  of  the 
department  G.  A.  R.  of  Virginia  in  1885  and  again  in  1886;  is  also  a  mem 
ber  of  the  military  order  of  the  Loyal  Legion  and  of  the  5th  Corps  and 
Army  of  the  Potomac  societies. 

ROBERT   P.    ELLIOTT. 

Was  born  in  Crawford  County,  Pa.,  November  19,  1840;  has  been  a 
carpenter.  Enlisted  in  5th  Wisconsin  Battery  of  Light  Artillery,  August 
26,  1861;  served  as  a  private  and  sergeant;  belonged  to  the  i4th  and  2Oth 
Army  Corps;  was  in  battles  of  Perry ville,  siege  of  Corinth,  Stone  River, 
Chickamauga,  and  Mission  Ridge;  participated  in  Sherman's  campaign 
to  Atlanta,  the  march  to  the  sea,  and  the  engagement  at  Bentonville ;  took 
part  in  the  grand  review  at  Washington,  and  was  honorably  discharged 
from  service  at  Madison,  Wis.,  June  22,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Frank 
Bartlett  Post,  No.  6,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal. ;  resides  at  Santa 
Monica,  Cal. 

JOHN    BARBERO. 

Was  born  in  Onondaga  County,  N.  Y. ,  February  18,  1829;  nas  been 
a  farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  86th  Illinois  Infantry,  July  n,  1862, 
the  regiment  formed  portion  of  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  i4th  Army 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  was  in  the  battles  of  Perry  ville,  Mis 
sion  Ridge,  Lookout  Mountain,  Buzzard  Roost,  and  Sherman's  campaign 
to  Atlanta,  taking  part  in  the  march  from  Atlanta  to  the  sea,  and  up 
through  the  Carolinas  to  Bentonville;  was  honorably  discharged  from  serv 
ice  in  July,  1865.  First  came  to  California  in  1850;  returned  in  1874; 
is  a  member  of  Phil  Kearny  Post,  No.  7,  G.  A.  R.,  in  Toledo,  Lewis 
County,  Washington  Ty. ;  resides  at  Grangeville,  Tulare  County,  Cal. 


CHARLES    CHARNOCK. 

Was  born  near  Preston,  England,  in  1837;  has  been  a  farmer;  is  at 
present  in  the  real  estate  business.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  5th  Wis 
consin  Volunteers,  May  10,  1861;  served  as  private,  corporal,  orderly- 
sergeant,  2d  and  ist  lieutenant;  received  commissions  September  3  and 
November  18,  1864;  his  regiment  formed  part  of  Hancock's  brigade; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  381 

served  in  the  armies  of  the  Potomac  and  the  James;  was  in  the  battles 
of  Williamsburg,  Wilderness,  Gettysburg,  and  all  in  which  those  armies 
engaged;  in  conjunction  with  two  comrades  captured  the  5th  North  Caro 
lina  flag  in  battle  of  Williamsburg;  served  for  three  weeks  with  arm  in  a 
sling;  afterwards  attached  to  the  6th  Army  Corps;  was  with  Sheridan  in 
the  battles  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley;  was  honorably  discharged  from 
service  January  13,  1866,  in  Texas.  Was  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett 
Post,  No.  6,  G.  A.  R. ;  is  now  a  member  of  Stanton  Post,  No.  55,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

ISAAC    PABOR. 

Was  born  in  Smithfield,  R.  I.,  February  28,  1817;  is  at  present  a 
physician.  Volunteered  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  but  received  no 
appointment  until  May  27,  1864;  served  as  surgeon  at  Hampton  Hospital 
and  Fortress  Monroe;  was  honorably  discharged  June  26,  1864.  Removed 
to  California  in  1876,  and  is  a  member  of  Kilpatrick  Post,  No.  38,  G.  A.  R., 
at  St.  Helena,  Cal. ,  his  place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM   P.    WADE. 

Was  born  in  Crawfordsville,  Ind. ,  January  31,  1839;  has  been  a  printer; 
is  now  a  lawyer,  and  author  of  law  books.  Enlisted  in  2d  Iowa  Infantry 
April,  1861;  served  as  a  private  and  corporal;  the  regiment  formed  part  of 
Smith's  division,  Army  of  the  Tennessee;  was  in  the  battle  of  Fort  Donel- 
son,  in  the  regiment  which  led  the  charge  on  the  left;  was  wounded  in  this 
battle  by  a  gunshot  through  both  thighs,  and  on  this  account  honorably 
discharged  from  service  at  Cincinnati  July,  1862;  is  a  member  of  Stanton 
Post,  No.  55,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

GRIFFIN  STICKLE. 

Was  born  in  Dutchess  County,  N.  Y.,  February  6,  1843;  ^s  a  moulder 
by  trade;  at  present  engaged  in  the  fruit  business;  enlisted  May  9,  1861, 
in  Company  B  of  the  33d  New  York  Infantry;  re-enlisted  in  January, 
1864,  in  Company  I  of  the  52d  Illinois  Infantry;  served  as  a  corporal  dur 
ing  first  enlistment  and  as  a  private  during  the  latter;  served  in  the  6th 
and  1 5th  Army  Corps;  was  with  McClellan  through  the  Peninsula  cam 
paign;  then  to  Alexandria  and  the  battles  of  Pope's  Virginia  campaign; 
was  at  the  battles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antietam,  Fredericksburg  and 
Chancellorsville;  during  second  enlistment  served  in  Logan's  corps  in  the 


382  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Army  of  the  Tennessee;  was  injured  at  Pulaski,  Tenn.,  at  the  burning 
of  the  soldiers'  quarters;  after  recovery,  was  detailed  for  duty  at  Louis 
ville,  Ky.,  until  March  1865,  when  he  rejoined  his  regiment  and  took  part 
in  the  battle  at  Goldsboro,  N.  C.;  was  with  his  regiment  in  the  grand 
march  through  the  Carolinas  and  Virginia,  and  was  present  at  the  grand 
review  of  Sherman's  army  in  Washington;  was  honorably  discharged  in 
June,  1865;  came  to  California  in  June,  1886,  and  settled  in  Los  Angeles, 
of  which  place  he  is  at  present  a  resident.  Comrade  Stickle  is  a  member 
of  Stanton  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

EDWARD  P.  JOHNSON. 

Was  born  in  Dearborn  County,  Ind.,  February  10,  1843;  is  a  mer 
chant  by  occupation.  Enlisted  August  10,  1862,  in  Company  K,  68th 
Indiana  Infantry  and  served  as  a  private  and  as  2d  lieutenant;  was  attached 
to  the  i4th  and  4th  Army  Corps;  was  commissioned  as  2d  lieutenant  June 
9,  1863;  was  captured  at  Munfordville  with  Colonel  Wilder's  command; 
being  paroled  and  exchanged  after  ten  days'  imprisonment,  rejoined  the 
army  at  Murfreesboro ;  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  after  which 
shared  the  fortunes  of  the  Army  of  the  Ciimberland;  wras  in  Sherman's 
campaign  to  Atlanta,  and  with  Thomas  after  General  Hood;  at  the  battle 
of  Nashville  acted  as  assistant  adjutant-general  on  the  staff  of  General 
Grosvenor;  was  honorably  discharged  in  July,  1865;  resided  in  Vincennes, 
Ind.,  one  year,  and  ten  years  at  St.  Paul,  Minn.;  came  to  California  in 
1876,  and  has  since  been  a  resident  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Comrade  John 
son  is  a  member  and  junior  vice-commander  of  Stanton  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  his  place  of  residence. 

JOHN   McCASEY. 

Was  born  May  27,  1837,  in  Pennsylvania;  before  the  war  was  a 
machinist  and  engineer,  since  then  a  mining  superintendent  and  manager 
— is  so  engaged  at  present.  Enlisted  in  Pennsylvania  regiments  as  fol 
lows:  April  18,  1861,  in  Company  E  of  the  8th;  August  17,  1861,  in 
Company  K  of  the  noth;  and  July  20,  1863,  in  Company  B  of  the  4ist; 
served  with  Patterson's  division  while  in  the  first  three  months'  service; 
served  as  a  private,  as  captain,  and  as  scout,  commissions  bearing  dates  of 
April,  1861,  July,  1861,  and  October,  1863;  was  successively  attached  to 
Lander's  and  Shields'  divisions,  and  Banks'  and  Hancock's  corps;  took 
part  in  the  battles  at  Falling  Waters,  Hancock,  Md.,  first  Winchester, 
Port  Republic,  Front  Royal,  Gettysburg,  and  seventeen  other  engage 
ments;  was  wounded  four  times,  viz. :  in  the  head,  breast,  groin,  and  right 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  383 

shoulder;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Harrisburg  in  1865;  was  connected 
with  Hancock's  corps  at  the  time  General  Early  burned  Chambersburg; 
went  as  a  scout,  in  the  disguise  of  a  peddler,  through  the  Cumberland 
Valley,  to  ascertain  if  the  enemy  had  artillery;  was  arrested  by  outposts 
five  times,  but  got  through  all  right;  finally  arrived  safely  at  headquarters 
at  Carlisle,  Pa.,  bringing  valuable  information  concerning  Lee's  move 
ments.  Comrade  McCasey  is  a  member  of  Garfield  Post  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

CHARLES   F.  WARREN. 

Was  born  in  Erie  County,  Pa.,  July  20,  1832;  is  a  carpenter  by  trade. 
Enlisted  in  September,  1861,  in  the  5th  Wisconsin  Battery  of  Light 
Artillery,  and  served  as  a  private  and  gunner;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of 
the  Cumberland;  took  part  in  the  campaign  to  Island  No.  10,  from  there 
to  Shiloh,  and  thence  in  the  campaign  to  Corinth  and  to  Nashville;  made 
a  forced  march  to  Louisville  and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Perryville, 
Stone  River,  Chickamauga,  and  many  skirmishes;  was  honorably  discharged 
in  October,  1864;  came  to  California  in  1872,  since  which  time,  has  resided 
in  Ventura  and  Los  Angeles.  Comrade  Warren  is  a  member  and  a  past 
junior  vice-commander  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  his  place 
of  residence. 

L.   E.  MOSHER. 

Was  born  September  26,  1849,  in  Chautauqua  County,  N.  Y. ;  has 
been  a  railroad  employ 6,  hotel  clerk,  etc.,  and  is  at  present  general  agent 
Southern  Pacific  R.  R.  Co.,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal. ,  where  he  resides.  Enlisted 
February  22,  1864,  when  fourteen  years  old,  in  Company  B,  gth  Kansas 
Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private,  bugler,  and  corporal;  was  attached  to 
the  yth  Army  Corps  under  General  Steele  in  Arkansas;  took  part  in  the 
battle  at  Bull  Bayou,  Ark. ;  was  continuously  engaged  in  scoutino-  and 
chasing  guerrillas  along  the  Arkansas  River;  was  honorably  discharged 
September,  19,  1865.  Comrade  Mosher  is  past  commander  of  Rawlins 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  and  is  at  present  a  member  of  Stanton 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

HANSE   H.  SMITH. 

Was  born  April  9,  1837,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  is  a  tobacco  dealer. 
Enlisted  August  23,  1862,  in  Company  B,  i3th  Pennsylvania  Cavalry, 
and  served  as  a  private,  corporal,  sergeant,  and  orderly -sergeant;  was 
attached  to  Gregg's  second  cavalry  division,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and 
Kilpatrick's  cavalry  in  North  Carolina;  was  in  all  of  the  battles  and 


384  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

skirmishes  in  which  his  regiment  took  part;  was  severely  wounded  in  the 
leg  at  the  battle  of  Malvern  Hill ;  was  six  months  in  the  hospital  before 
he  was  able  to  rejoin  his  command;  was  honorably  discharged  July  14, 
1865.  Comrade  Smith  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1879;  is  a  member  of  Lin 
coln  Post,  of  Washington,  D.  C.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  junior  vice- 
commander,  senior  vice-commander,  and  commander  of  his  post,  and  is 
at  present  the  junior  vice-department  commander;  is  also  chairman  of  the 
department  relief  committee. 

NATHANIEL   B.   BROWN. 

Was  born  in  Sherburne,  Chenango  County,  N.  Y. ;  was  a  mechanic, 
is  at  present  a  merchant.  Enlisted  August  16,  1861,  in  the  56th  N.  Y. 
Regiment,  afterwards  the  yth  N.  Y.  Light  Artillery,  and  served  as  a  private; 
on  arrival  in  Washington  was  detailed  as  a  nurse  at  Warren  Hospital,  of 
which  his  wife,  Mrs.  Sarah  D.  Brown,  was  matron ;  remained  on  this  duty 
until  October,  1862,  when  his  health  failing,  was  ordered  to  rejoin  his 
company,  and  was  honorably  discharged  on  account  of  physical  disability 
the  following  December. 

Mrs.  Brown  remained  at  her  post  during  the  war,  cheering,  soothing, 
and  helping  the  sick  and  wounded,  and  is  at  present  a  member  of  Lincoln 
Relief  Corps  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Comrade  Brown  is  a  member  of  George  A.  Thomas  Post,  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

DAVID   WILLIAMS. 

Was  born  in  Wales  June  12,  1830;  and  was  a  sailor.  Enlisted 
August  14,  1862,  in  the  22d  Wisconsin  Infantry,  Company  F;  was  attached 
to  the  2Oth  Army  Corps,  2d  Brigade,  and  3d  Division;  at  the  battle  of 
Spring  Hill  twelve  commissioned  officers  and  142  men  were  killed, 
wounded,  and  prisoners;  at  Brentwood,  whilst  guarding  a  bridge,  was  cap 
tured,  and  became  an  inmate  of  Libby  Prison;  after  being  paroled  was 
sent  to  Ben  ton  Barracks,  at  St.  Louis,  Mo. ,  where  he  remained  six  weeks 
until  exchanged  and  ordered  to  the  front;  joined  General  Sherman's  com 
mand  in  his  march  to  the  sea;  on  April  19,  1864,  they  left  Nashville  with 
over  700  men,  and  three  months  later,  August  3ist,  could  stack  only  290 
muskets.  Comrade  Williams  was  at  the  battles  of  New  Hope  Church, 
Lost  Mountain,  Gulp's  Farm,  Peach  Tree  Creek,  Atlanta,  Chattanooga, 
Savannah,  Pulaski,  Fort  McAllister,  Brentwood,  and  Resaca;  during  one 
engagement  received  a  shock  from  the  discharge  of  a  shell  that  shattered 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  385 

his  gun  in  his  hands  and  inflicted  injuries  that  resulted  in  his  death;  was 
present  at  the  grand  review  in  Washington;  was  honorably  discharged 
June  12,  1865.  Died  March  31,  1877,  at  Virginia  City,  Nev.,  of  ossifica 
tion  of  the  heart,  the  result  of  the  injury  previously  noted,  and  was  buried 
with  fraternal  honors  by  Phil  Kearny  Post,  No.  10,  G.  A.  R.,  of  which 
he  was  an  honored  member. 

A.   G.   SPELLMAN. 

Was  "born  May  19,  1833,  in  Ohio;  has  been  a  broom-maker  and 
farmer;  is  at  present  in  the  railroad  business.  Enlisted  August  13,  1862, 
in  the  93d  Illinois  Infantry,  and  served  as  color-sergeant;  was  attached  to 
the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  and  i5th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  at 
Jackson,  Miss.,  Champion  Hills,  and  the  siege  of  Vicksburg;  was  wounded 
and  captured  at  the  battle  of  Mission  Ridge,  November  25,  1863,  an<i 
imprisoned  at  Belle  Island;  exchanged,  and  returned  to  duty  with  his 
regiment  August  12,  1864;  engaged  in  the  battle  at  Allatoona  Pass;  with 
Sherman  in  the  march  to  the  sea;  again  wounded  in  action  at  Beaufort, 
S.  C. ,  February  12,  1865;  was  not  again  with  his  regiment;  mustered  out 
at  Louisville,  Ky.,  July  6,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Farragut  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Lincoln,  Neb.,  where  he  resides. 

ALFRED   A.   McLEAN. 

Was  born  August  8,  1841,  in  New  York  city;  has  been  a  printer  and 
publisher,  and  in  early  life  served  in  the  merchant  marine  and  rose  to  cap 
tain;  present  occupation  inventor  and  manufacturer  of  the  IXL  elastic 
truss.  Enlisted  February  25,  1863,  in  the  California  Hundred  and  Battal 
ion,  which  afterwards  formed  a  part  of  the  2d  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  and 
served  as  a  private  and  corporal;  was  attached  to  Sheridan's  cavalry  corps, 
with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  the  Shenandoah;  early  in  his  military 
career  was  severely  injured  by  his  horse  falling  with  him  and  crushing  his 
ankle;  continued  on  duty  with  a  crutch  dangling  from  his  saddle;  took 
part  in  the  following  engagements  and  battles:  South  Anna  Bridge, 
Brookeville,  Ashby's  Gap,  Coyle's  Tavern,  Little  River  Pike,  Dranesville, 
Rectortown,  Point  of  Rocks,  Aldie,  Frederick  Pike,  Tenalytown,  Fort 
Reno,  Fort  Stevens,  Rockville,  Poolsville,  Leesburg,  Snicker's  Gap, 
Nolan's  Ford,  Shepherdstown,  White  Post,  Middletown,  Kernstown,  Cedar 
Creek,  Winchester,  Berryville  Pike,  Charlestown,  Summit  Point,  Hall- 
town,  Berryville,  Smithfield,  Opequon  Creek,  Knox  Ford,  Front  Royal, 
Snake  Mountain,  Surry  Court-house,  Mill's  Ford,  Waynesboro,  Mount 
Crawford,  Tom's  Brook,  Strasburgh,  Madison  Court-house,  Gordon ville, 


38(5  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

White  Oak  Road,  South  Anna,  Diiiwiddie  Court-house,  Five  Forks,  South- 
side  Railroad,  Devil's  Ford,  Sailor's  Creek,  and  Appomattox  Court-house; 
was  wounded  and  taken  prisoner  August  13,  1864,  by  Mosby's  guerrillas 
at  Berry ville,  Md.,  but  made  his  escape  next  day  by  shooting  the  picket 
on  duty  at  the  outpost,  having  preserved  a  revolver  (which  he  still  has)  in 
his  boot-leg;  subsequently  while  cam-ing  dispatches  from  headquarters  at 
Fairfax  Court-house  to  the  War  Department  at  Washington,  was  over 
hauled  by  a  mounted  squad  of  Confederates;  made  his  escape  by  the  fleet- 
ness  of  his  horse,  but  was  shot  through  the  thigh;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  June  12,  1865.  Comrade  McLean  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  CaL,  where  he  resides. 


JOSEPH   MORRISON. 

Was  born  in  1840;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession;  is  at  present  a  sergeant 
of  police.  Enlisted  in  the  8gth  New  York  Regiment  in  July,  1861,  and 
served  as  captain,  major,  and  brevet  colonel,  commissions  bearing  dates 
as  follows:  July,  1861,  August,  1863,  and  May,  1864;  was  attached  to  the 
9th,  i8th,  and  6th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Camden,  N.  C., 
South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Suffolk,  James  Island,  Cedar 
Creek,  and  others;  was  wounded  in  arm;  while  a  captain,  commanded  his 
regiment  during  the  siege  of  Suffolk;  and  while  a  major,  commanded 
Provisional  Brigade  in  an  engagement  on  James  Island,  for  which  he  was 
personally  complimented  in  general  orders;  was  with  his  regiment  contin 
ually,  and  never  on  sick-list  or  absent  when  a  battle  was  fought,  during 
the  four  and  a  half  years  of  his  service.  Comrade  Morrison  is  a  member 
of  McPherson  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  where  he  resides; 
has  been  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  the  department  commander. 

ROBERT   M.  SPINNEY. 

Was  born  June  29,  1839,  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.;  has  been  and  still 
is  by  occupation  a  tin-plate  and  sheet-iron  worker.  Enlisted  April  19, 
1861,  in  Company  F  of  the  5th  Massachusetts  Militia,  as  a  private,  for 
three  months'  service;  was  present  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run;  was  honor 
ably  discharged  at  Boston  July  12,  1861.  In  August,  1862,  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  Company  K  of  the  i3th  New  Hampshire  Regiment,  in  which 
he  served  as  sergeant,  2d  lieutenant,  and  ist  lieutenant,  commissions 
dating  respectively  February,  1864,  and  May,  1865;  was  present  at  the 
battles  of  Fredericksburg,  siege  of  Suffolk,  and  Providence  Church ;  on 
the  peninsula  during  the  advance  on  Richmond  (under  General  Dix)  in 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  387 

1863;  was  promoted  to  2d  lieutenant  of  colored  troops,  and  assigned  to 
the  jth  Regiment;  joined  regiment  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C. ,  and  served 
through  the  campaigns  in  Florida  and  South  Carolina,  and  in  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  before  Petersburg,  at  Bermuda  Hundred,  and  Deep 
Bottom,  in  August,  1864;  was  taken  prisoner  at  Fort  Gilmer  (defenses 
of  Richmond)  September  29,  1864;  was  in  Libby  Prison  and  subsequently 
in  Salisbury  and  Danville;  was  exchanged  February  22,  1865;  rejoined 
regiment  at  High  Bridge,  Va.,  April  13,  1865;  was  promoted  to  ist  lieu 
tenant  and  brevet  captain  for  gallantry  in  action  at  Fort  Gilmer,  to  date 
from  March  13,  1865;  ordered  to  Texas,  May  25,  1865,  and  was  stationed 
at  Indianola,  at  which  place  was  mustered  out  of  service  October  13, 
1866.  Comrade  Spinney  is  a  member  of  S.  C.  Lawrence  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Medford,  Mass.,  where  he  resides;  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1868;  was 
adjutant  of  post  in  1884  and  1885,  and  post  commander  in  1886. 


TIMOTHY  FELL. 

Was  born  in  1839,  in  Tipperary  County,  Ireland;  is  by  occupation  a 
laborer.  Enlisted  August  16,  1862,  in  the  82d  Ohio  Regiment;  served  as1  a 
private;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  took  part  in  the  battles 
at  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Mission  Ridge,  Buzzard's  Roost,  .Resaca, 
and  Antietam;  was  injured  by  being  kicked  by  a  horse;  was  for  a  long 
time  on  detached  duty,  serving  as  ambulance  driver  at  the  headquarters 
of  generals  Howard,  Hooker,  Mower,  and  Slocum;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  at  headquarters  June  10,  1865.  Comrade  Fell  is  a  member  of 
Barrett  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Prescott,  Arizona,  where  he  resides. 


HENRY  W.    CALDWELL. 

Was  born  June  25,  1841,  in  West  Monroe,  N.  Y. ;  present  occupation 
physician  and  surgeon.  Enlisted  in  the  8th  Michigan  Infantry  August  7, 
1861,  and  served  as  a  non-commissioned  officer;  was  attached  to  Stevens' 
brigade  of  the  gth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Port  Royal, 
Coosaw  River,  Port  Royal  Ferry,  Pocotaligo,  Fort  Pulaski,  and  Wilming 
ton  Island;  was  wounded  in  the  latter  engagement,  a  minie-ball  passing 
through  his  right  lung;  after  recovery  was  promoted  to  hospital  steward; 
was  on  duty  as  such  in  the  field  at  Cedar  Mountain,  second  Bull  Run, 
South  Mountain,  and  Antietam;  was  honorably  discharged  January  31, 
1863,  on  account  of  ill-health ;  returning  home,  continued  his  studies,  and 
graduated  as  doctor  of  medicine  at  Buffalo  Medical  College  Febmary  22, 
1866;  at  present  is  a  practitioner  of  his  profession  in  Pulaski,  N.  Y. ;  was 


388  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

U.  S.  Examining  Surgeon  for  pensions  during  eight  years;  was  coroner 
of  his  county  for  nine  years.  The  New  Berlin  Gazette  says:  "J.  G. 
Caldwell  furnished  four  sons  for  the  defense  of  his  country.  Three  were 
buried  in  southern  soil,  and  the  fourth  was  shot  through  the  lungs  and 
left  for  dead  on  the  field  of  battle;  but  thanks  be  to  a  kind  heavenly 
father  his  body  was  rescued  with  seemingly  but  a  spark  of  life  left  in  the 
tenement  of  clay,  and  was  taken  to  the  hospital  and  tenderly  cared  for 
until  he  became  convalescent;  before  his  recovery  the  final  battle  had 
been  fought."  Comrade  Caldwell  is  a  member  of  J.  B.  Butler  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Pulaski,  N.  Y.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  surgeon  of  his 
post,  and  has  recently  been  elected  post  commander  for  the  third  time. 


LAFAYETTE  BENEDICT. 

Was  born  May  28,  1849,  ^n  Orange,  Ionia  County,  Mich.;  before  the 
war  was  a  farmer  and  laborer;  present  occupation  a  ship  carpenter  and 
builder.  Enlisted  March  30,  1864,  in  Company  C  of  the  ad  Michigan 
Infantry  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Divi 
sion,  9th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Belle  Plaine,  Chickahom- 
iny,  Fredericksburg,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  Cold  Harbor,  Wilderness, 
City  Point,  Danville  Railroad,  Petersburg  and  Appomattox;  was  slightly 
wounded  four  times,  viz.:  in  left  leg,  right  elbow,  breast-bone  and  spine; 
was  for  a  time  sick  in  hospital  with  typhoid  fever,  and  for  a  long  time  after 
the  war  was  almost  totally  disabled  on  account  of  sickness  contracted  in 
line  of  duty;  was  honorably  discharged  at  close  of  war;  served  as  ship's 
carpenter  in  the  revenue  marine  service  in  1875  and  1876.  Comrade 
Benedict  is  a  member  of  Phil  Kearny  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Albina,  Or., 
'where  he  resides;  has  been  adjutant  and  quartermaster  of  his  post,  and 
senior  aid-de-camp  on  the  department  staff. 


C.  H.   MIX. 

Was  born  December  20,  1834,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. ;  has  been  an  Ind 
ian  agent  and  farmer;  is  at  present  a  railroad  agent.  Enlisted  June  13, 
1863,  in  Independent  Battalion  of  Minnesota  Cavalry  and  served  as  ist 
lieutenant  and  captain,  assistant  department  inspector,  and  assistant  adju 
tant-general;  was  all  through  the  Indian  massacre  in  Minnesota,  and 
was  one  of  the  first  to  reach  the  agency  thereafter.  In  the  winter  of  1863 
Little  Crow's  band  of  Sioux  Indians  surrendered  to  him  at  Fort  Garry. 
The  noted  chiefs  Little  Six  and  Medicine  Bottle,  who  were  executed  at 
Fort  Snelling  in  1864,  were  taken  from  Pembina,  Dakota  Ty.,  to  their 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  389 

place  of  execution  by  Captain  Mix;  was  for  a  long  time  on  court-martial 
duty;  was  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  on  the  staff  of  General  Alex 
ander  in  June,  1866,  at  the  time  of  his  muster  out.  Previous  to  the  war 
— from  1852  to  1861 — was  with  the  Winnebago  Indians  at  Long  Prairie, 
Minn. ;  resided  with  them  in  the  capacity  of  clerk,  trader,  and  U.  S. 
Indian  Agent.  Comrade  Mix  is  a  member  of  Colonel  Cobham  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  of  Crookston,  Minn.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  senior  vice- 
commander  and  commander  of  his  post. 


JOSEPH  P.  WELLS. 

Was  born  July  14,  1830,  in  Graham  Township,  Jefferson  County,  Ind. ; 
received  a  common  school  education.  Enlisted  August  30,  1862,  in  Com 
pany  A  of  the  82d  Indiana  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached 
to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  was 
honorably  discharged  January  3,  1863.  Comrade  Wells  is  a  member  of 
A.  O.  Bachman  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Madison,  Ind.,  where  he  resides;  is  a 
practicing  lawyer  and  claim  and  pension  agent. 


GEORGE   W.  HAWKINS. 

Was  born  in  Plattsburg,  Clinton  County,  N.  Y.,  and  is  by  trade  a 
millwright  and  machinist.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  ist  Colorado  Cav 
alry,  August  15,  1861;  served  as  a  private,  corporal,  and  ist  sergeant;  was 
commissioned  2d  lieutenant  April  9,  1862,  and  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant 
November  3,  1862;  was  in  battles  of  Pigeon's  Roost,  Apache  Canon,  Per- 
alto,  and  other  actions;  received  bullet  wound  in  left  hand  at  Pigeon's 
Roost;  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Denver,  Col.,  October  26, 
1865.  Is  a  member  of  Sedgwick  Post,  No.  17,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Santa  Ana, 
Los  Angeles  County,  Cal. 

PETER   E.   PALEN. 

Was  born  December  10,  1842,  in  Cairo,  Green  County,  N.  Y. ;  had  a 
common  school  education;  was  a  tanner  previous  to  enlistment;  at  present 
an  attorney  and  counselor  at  law.  Enlisted  August  12,  1862,  in  Company 
C  of  the  i43d  New  York  Infantry,  and  served  as  ist  sergeant  and  2d  lieu 
tenant  and  ist  lieutenant  of  Company  K,  commissions  bearing  date  of 
October  23,  1863,  and  May,  1864;  was  brevetted  captain  in  1865;  was  first 
attached  to  the  defenses  of  Washington;  served  under  General  Keyes  at 
the  siege  of  Suffolk;  joined  Meade's  army  in  July,  1863;  went  west  with 


390  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  nth  Corps  under  General  Hooker  to  the  relief  of  Chattanooga;  served 
in  the  2oth  Army  Corps  to  end  of  war;  was  present  at  the  battle  of  Nanse- 
mond,  Va.;  took  part  in  the  pursuit  of  Lee  in  July,  1863;  in  battle  at 
Wauhatchie,  Ga.,  in  October,  1863;  at  Missionary  Ridge,  relief  of  Knox- 
ville,  Tenn. ,  Resaca,  Ga.,  Cassville,  Pumpkin  Vine  Creek,  Kenesaw  Mount 
ain,  Chattahoochie,  Peach  Tree  Creek,  siege  of  Atlanta,  Atlanta  to 
Savannah,  Savannah  to  Goldsborough,  Averysborough,  and  Bentonville; 
was  slightly  wounded  in  left  side  of  neck;  was  honorably  discharged  July 
24,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C.  Comrade  Palen  is  a  member  of  Ratcliff 
Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Monticello,  Sullivan  County,  N.  Y. ,  where  he  resides; 
has  been  quartermaster  of  his  post,  and  is  its  present  commander. 

SOLOMON   D.  ARGO. 

Was  born  July  15,  1827,  'in  Adams  County,  Ohio;  has  been  a  farmer 
and  railroad  employe;  is  at  present  a  farmer.  Enlisted  September  14, 
1861,  in  the  4th  Ohio  Cavalry,  and  served  as  quartermaster  and  commis 
sary-sergeant,  orderly-sergeant,  and  ist  lieutenant,  commission  bearing 
date  of  December  9,  1864;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division, 
M.  D.  M. ;  took  part  in  the  engagements  at  Elk  River,  Stone  River,  Chicka- 
mauga,  Atlanta,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Jonesboro,  Lovejoy  Station,  Nashville, 
Selma,  and  many  skirmishes;  was  shot  through  both  shoulders.  In 
December,  1863,  re-enlisted  as  a  veteran;  in  December,  1864,  assigned  to 
Company  D,  and  commanded  that  company  until  the  close  of  the  war. 
Comrade  Argo  is  a  member  of  Wheelersburg  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Wheelers- 
burg,  Scioto  County,  Ohio,  where  he  resides;  has  been  sergeant-major  of 
his  post,  and  is  at  present  quartermaster. 

THOMAS   H.    HENDERSON. 

Was  born  March  26,  1843,  in  Washington  County,  Ark.;  was  raised 
on  a  farm;  is  at  present  and  has  been  since  1868  a  minister  of  the  C.  P. 
church.  At  the  age  of  eighteen  years  enlisted  in  Missouri  Home  Guards; 
took  part  in  the  battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  August  10,  1861;  soon  after 
this  was  discharged  for  disability ;  in  September,  1861,  the  company  was 
mustered  into  the  U.  S.  volunteer  service,  and  after  forming  part  of  the 
Fremont  Battalion,  finally  became  Company  D,  Sixth  Missouri  Cavalry; 
in  March,  1862,  having  measurably  regained  his  health,  again  enlisted  as 
a  private  in  his  old  company,  and  with  it  took  part  in  much  of  the  hard 
service  in  Missouri  and  Arkansas;  at  the  battle  of  Prairie  Grove,  Ark., 
December  7,  1862,  his  horse  was  shot  three  times;  in  1863,  without  his 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  391 

company,  lie  took  part  in  the  campaign  and  fighting  that  resulted  in  the 
capture  of  Little  Rock,  Ark.;  in  the  spring  of  1864  re-enlisted  as  a  vet 
eran;  early  in  1865  was  commissioned  and  mustered  as  ist  lieutenant, 
and  in  the  absence  of  a  captain  commanded  the  company  to  the  end;  mus 
tered  out  of  service  at  New  Orleans,  La.,  in  September,  1865;  returned 
to  Missouri  and  settled  in  Mount  Vernon,  Lawrence  County,  and  soon 
after  entered  the  ministry;  came  to  Oregon  and  located  in  Salem  in  1872; 
at  the  close  of  the  war  was  presented  with  a  handsome  sword  by  his  admir 
ing  fellow-soldiers.  Comrade  Henderson  is  a  member  of  Custer  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  McMinnville,  Or.,  where  he  resides;  is  at  present  and  has 
been  since  February,  1886,  chaplain  of  the  department  of  Oregon,  G.  A.  R. 

ISAIAH   H.    McCORMICK. 

Was  born  January  21,  1836,  in  Crawford,  Wyandot  County,  Ohio, 
and  at  the  time  of  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  was  engaged  in  teaching 
school,  which  vocation  he  resigned  and  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  4oth 
Illinois  Infantry  August  25,  1861,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh, 
Fort  Donelson,  Harper's  Ferry,  and  in  front  of  Pittsburg,  where  he  was 
wounded  in  the  right  hand  and  thigh;  he  was  honorably  discharged  Sep 
tember  18,  1864.  Comrade  McCormick  is  a  member  of  Lieutenant  Feller's 
Post,  No.  194,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Rays,  Jackson  County,  Ohio,  of  which  "town 
he  is  a  resident. 

GEORGE  W.  DE  BORD. 

Was  born  May  14,  1831, in  Johnson  County,  Ind. ;  was  a  fanner  before 
the  war;  is  at  present  section  foreman  of  the  O.  &  C.  R.  R.  Enlisted  in 
the  ist  Oregon  Infantry  in  November,  1864,  and  served  as  a  corporal  of 
Company  B;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Camp  Loine  in  September,  1865, 
Rock  Creek  in  February,  1866,  Jordan  Creek  and  Bruno  Creek;  was  in 
charge  of  a  detachment  from  November,  1865,  to  July,  1867,  guarding 
the  stage  line  in  the  Indian  Territory,  during  which  he  endured  many 
hardships.  Comrade  De  Bord  is  a  member  of  Shiloh  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Independence,  Or.,  where  he  resides. 

ANDREW  K.   McMAHON. 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  March  i,  1841;  is  at  present  the  superintend 
ent  of  Island  Cemetery.  Enlisted  June  5,  1861,  in  the  2d  Rhode  Island 
Infantry;  was  attached  to  the  6th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at 
first  Bull  Run,  Yorktown,  Williamsburg,  Seven  Pines,  Malvern  Hill, 
Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Marye's  Heights,  Salem  Heights,  and  Cold 


892  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Harbor;  was  wounded  in  the  head  at  the  battle  of  Salem  Heights;  took 
the  rebel  flag  from  Fairfax  Court-house  June  17,  1861,  and  presented  it 
to  Governor  Sprague  of  Rhode  Island,  who  happened  to  be  present;  was 
honorably  discharged  June  5,  1864.  Comrade  McMahon  is  a  member  of 
Charles  E.  Lawton  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Newport,  R.  I. ;  has  been  adjutant, 
quartermaster,  and  post  commander,  senior  vice-department  commander, 
and  department  commander;  is  at  present  a  resident  of  Newport,  R.  I. 


B.   J.    MADSON. 

Was  born  August  14,  1840,  in  Norway;  has  been  and  still  is  by  occu 
pation  a  clerk.  Enlisted.October  i,  1861,  in  the  i5th  Wisconsin  Infantry, 
and  served  as  a  sergeant;  November  16,  1861,  was  commissioned  as  lieu 
tenant  by  Governor  Randall,  of  Wisconsin,  to  recruit  for  the  i5th  Regi 
ment;  joined  that  regiment  and  served  through  all  of  its  campaigns,  from 
the  siege  of  Island  No.  10  to  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  including  the 
battles  of  Perryville,'  Stone  River,  Liberty  Gap,  Knob  Gap,  and  Tulla- 
homa;  was  twice  captured:  first  at  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  but  was 
recaptured  on  the  field;  second  at  Chickamauga;  during  the  second  day  was 
made  a  prisoner,  and  with  thousands  of  his  comrades  was  taken  to  Libby 
Prison ;  thence  after  two  months  to  Danville,  in  which  prison  he  was  con 
fined  for  five  months  before  being  transferred  to  Andersonville,  where  he 
remained  for  seven  months;  during  this  fourteen  months'  imprisonment  he 
suffered  all  of  the  horrors  for  which  those  prisons  were  notorious,  and  from 
the  effects  of  which  he  never  will  recover.  Comrade  Madson  is  a  member 
of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  of  which  place  he  is  at 
present  a  resident. 

HENRY   M:  KEYES. 

Was  born  November  n,  1844,  in  New  York;  has  been  an  apothecary 
and  physician,. and  is  at  present  a  physician  and  surgeon;  is  a  graduate  of 
Harvard  University  of  Medicine,  class  of  1869-70.  Shipped  in  the  U.  S. 
Navy  as  landsman  March  14,  1862,  and  served  as  hospital  steward  and 
apothecary;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  the  opening  of  the  Mississippi 
River  and  subsequent  engagements  to  the  bombardment  of  Vicksburg; 
was  honorably  discharged  as  hospital  steward  of  the  first  class  August  16, 
1865;  was  reappointed  apothecary  U.  S.  Navy  September  6,  1866,  and 
discharged  at  his  own  request  April  30,  1870;  was  assistant  surgeon  U.  S. 
Marine  Hospital .  service  December  4,  1877,  to  December  31,  1880;  was 
medical  officer  of  the  Yellow  Fever  Relief  Expedition  from  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  with  supplies  to  the  sufferers  by  the  epidemic  of  1878,  and  served 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  393 

under  the  orders  of  the  Howard  Association  in  the  South  during  the  entire 
epidemic  as  visiting  and  attending  physician;  is  at  present  practicing  his 
profession  at  Stapleton,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.,  where  he  resides.  Comrade 
Keyes  is  a  member  of  Robert  G.  Shaw  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  New  Brighton, 
Staten  Island,  N.  Y. ;  has  been  junior  vice-commander,  surgeon,  assistant 
inspector,  aid-de-camp,  and  commander  of  his  post 


BENJAMIN  A.  GRIFFITH. 

Was  born  February  i,  1844,  in  Niles,  Berrien  County,  Mich.,  and 
when  not  quite  seventeen  years  of  age  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  59th 
Illinois  Infantry,  and  served  with  his  regiment  in  all  the  battles  under 
General  Sherman;  was  captured  at  Stone  River,  but  succeeded  in  making 
his  escape  the  same  day  of  his  capture.  Comrade  Griffith  is  a  practicing 
physician  residing  at  Swan  Creek,  Warren  County,  Ills.,  and  a  member 
of  D.  J.  Tucker  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  No.  407,  of  that  town;  has  been  senior 
vice-commander,  surgeon,  and  adjutant  of  his  post. 

GEORGE   W.    FICKS. 

Was  born  November  6,  1846,  at  Pittsburg,  Pa.;  has  been  by  occupa 
tion  a  salesman  and  newspaper  reporter;  is  at  present  in  the  advertising 
department  of  the  Record-  Union,  of.  Sacramento,  Cal. ,  where  he  resides. 
Enlisted  in  September,  1864,  in  the  5oth  Pennsylvania  Veteran  Regiment, 
and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  -to  the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  gth 
Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Hatcher's  Run,  Fort  Steadman, 
and  the  siege  and  capture  of  Petersburg;  was  honorably  discharged  from 
the  service  in  June,  1865.  Comrade  Ficks  is  a  member  of  Fair  Oaks 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  and  is  at  present  its  senior  vice- 
commander;  is  also  special  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  the  department 
commander. 

JOSEPH  H.   HYZER. 

Was  born  July  6,  1842,  in  Hyde  Park,  Dutchess  County,  N.  Y. ;  has 
been  a  farmer,  clerk,  soldier,  and  painter;  is  at  present  a  foreman  of  the 
C.  &  O.  R.  R.  Enlisted  in  the  U.  S.  Navy  July  13,  1861,  and  served  on  a 
supply-steamer  in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  and  on  the  Mississippi  River;  was 
master-at-arms;  was  present  at  the  passage  of  the  forts  below  New  Orleans, 
the  capture  of  New  Orleans,  and  the  bombardment  of  Vicksburg;  was 
discharged  at  New  Orleans  July  12,  1862;  re-enlisted  August  26,  1862, 
in  Company  C  of  the  ist  Louisiana  Cavalry,  of  which  he  was  ist  sergeant, 


394  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

and  afterwards  served  with  the  Veteran  Reserve  Corps;  was  attached  to 
the  3d  Brigade  of  the  Cavalry  Division;  took  part  in  the  Red  River  expe 
dition,  and  was  in  the  battles  at  Labadieville,  Bayou  Teche,  Indian  Vil 
lage,  Plaqnemine  Bayon,  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  Clinton,  Donaldsonville, 
Natchitoches,  Pleasant  Hill,  Monetis  Bluff,  New  Alexandria,  and  Wilson's 
Farm;  was  sick  in  hospital  for  a  long  time  after  the  Red  River  expedi 
tion;  was  honorably  discharged  July  6,  1865.  Comrade  Hyzer  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Burnside  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Ashland,  Jackson  County,  Or.,  where 
he  resides;  has  been  officer  of  the  day  and  adjutant  of  his  post. 


JOHN  BEST. 

Was  born  January  17,  1836,  in  Boston,  Mass. ;  has  been  a  shoe-cutter; 
is  at  present  in  the  shoe  manufacturing  business.  Enlisted  July  16,  1861, 
in  Company  G  of  the  i3th  Massachusetts  regiment,  and  served  as  a  pri 
vate  and  as  corporal;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Army  Corps,  and 
2d  Brigade  of  the  5th  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  South  Mountain, 
2d  Bull  Run,  Chancellorsville,  Fredericksburg,  Gettysburg,  Wilderness, 
and  Antietam;  was  wounded  in  left  arm  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  and 
in  the  left  leg  and  hand  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness;  was  captured 
three  times:  viz.,  at  2d  Bull  Run,  Gettysburg,  and  Wilderness;  was  hon 
orably  discharged  from  the  service  at  Boston  in  August,  1864.  Comrade 
Best  is  a  member  of  J.  P.  Gould  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Stoneham,  Mass., 
where  he  resides;  has  been  adjutant  and  commander  of  his  post  and  was 
a  delegate  to  the  2oth  national  encampment;  has  been  assessor  and  col 
lector  of  taxes  for  the  town  in  which  he  resides,  and  has  been  a  member 
of  the  Legislature  from  the  6th  Middlesex  district  of  the  State  of  Massa 
chusetts. 

JOHN   BAKER. 

Was  born  January  22,  1839,  in  Shippensville,  Pa.;  is  and  has  been 
by  occupation  a  miller  and  lumberman.  Enlisted  July  22,  1861,  in  Com 
pany  K  of  the  nth  Pennsylvania  Regiment,  and  served  as  a  corporal;  was 
attached  to  the  5th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Games'  Mills, 
and  Fredericksburg;  the  entire  regiment  was  captured  at  Games'  Mills; 
Corporal  Baker  having  -been  wounded  twice,  one  shot  in  right  arm  and 
another  in  right  leg;  was  confined  in  Libby  Prison  about  a  month  before 
being  paroled;  was  exchanged  in  October  and  rejoined  his  regiment;  was 
again  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  December  13,  1862,  gunshot 
wounds  in  left  leg  and  right  hip;  the  latter  ball  has  never  been  extracted; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  395 

was  in  hospital  at  Washington  and  Philadelphia,  until  strong  enough  to 
do  light  duty,  when  he  was  detailed  for  duty  in  the  hospital  until  expi 
ration  of  term  of  enlistment;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Pittsburg,  Pa. 
Comrade  Baker  is  a  member  of  John  C.  Dowling  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Corsica,  Jefferson  County,  Pa.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  quartermaster 
and  commander  of  his  post. 


FRANCIS  M.  SMITH. 

Was  born  May  10,  1838,  in  Franklin  County,  State  of  Ohio,  and 
enlisted  in  Company  D,  46th  Ohio  Infantry,  October  16,  1861,  and  was 
commissioned  ist  lieutenant  March  4,  1865;  was  engaged  in  the  battles 
of  Shiloh,  Corinth,  Vicksburg,  Jackson,  Chattanooga,  and  all  the  different 
battles  during  the  advance  on  Atlanta,  Ga. ,  where  he  was  wounded  in 
the  right  leg,  for  which  he  receives  a  pension;  was  honorably  discharged 
September  21,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn.  Comrade  Smith  is  engaged  in 
farming  in  Sioux  County,  Neb.,  and  is  a  member  of  J.  D.  Ferguson  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Nevada,  Story  County,  Iowa;  has  been  senior  vice-com 
mander  and  post  adjutant. 

WILLIAM  J.  ILIFF. 

Was  born  in  Washington  County,  Pa.,  April  29,  1833.  Enlisted  as 
a  private  in  Company  I  of  the  nth  Illinois  Infantry,  August  14,  1861, 
and  along  with  his  regiment  was  immediately  sent  to  the  front,  and  took 
a  prominent  part  in  the  battles  of  forts  Henry,  Donelson,  and  the  siege 
of  Corinth;  was  three  times  wounded,  one  of  the  bullets  which  struck 
his  left  hip  has  never  been  extracted;  was  once  captured  and  taken  to 
Nashville,  but  recaptured  after  10  days'  confinement;  was  mustered  out 
and  honorably  discharged  November  25,  1862,  at  Cairo,  Ills.,  on  surgeon's 
certificate  of  disability.  Comrade  Iliff  is  a  member  of  Woodruff  Post,  No. 
113,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Wasburn,  Woodruff  County,  Ills.,  of  which  place  he  is 
a  resident. 

DE  JOHN  B.  DAVIS. 

Was  born  at  Minersville,  Pa.,  in  1845,  anc^  received  his  education  at 
Dickinson  College,  Carlisle,  Pa.,  and  Jefferson  Medical  College,  at  Phila 
delphia.  On  April  18,  1861,  he  enlisted  in  the  i6th  Regiment  Pennsyl 
vania  Volunteers  and  re-enlisted  January  i,  1862,  in  96th  Regiment 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers;  was  in  the  battles  of  West  Point,  Games' 
Mills,  Charles  City  Cross-roads,  Malvern  Hill,  2d  Bull  Run,  Sugar  Loaf 


396  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Mountain,  Crampton's  Gap,  and  South  Mountain.  At  South  Mountain 
September  14,  1862,  he  lost  a  leg  near  the  knee;  as  a  result  he  was  dis 
charged  March  4,  1863,  at  Frederick  City,  Md. ;  notwithstanding  the  loss 
of  his  leg  he  served  with  an  independent  cavalry  company  during  the 
rebel  raid  into  Pennsylvania  in  1864;  since  the  war  he  has  practiced 
medicine  and  surgery,  and  is  at  present  located  at  Shenandoah,  Pa.,  and 
a  member  of  Watkin  Waters  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  No.  146,  at  that  place;  has 
been  post  commander  and  medical  director  of  department  of  Pennsylvania. 


CHARLES   N.  AVERY. 

Was  born  August  31,  1836,  in  Sherburne,  Rutland  County,  Vt. ; 
removed  to  Boston  in  1852,  where  he  engaged  in  various  business  occupa 
tions  until  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  Enlisted  in  April,  1861,  in  Company 
M  of  the  3d  Massachusetts  Volunteers  for  three  months;  re-enlisted  in  May, 
1862,  in  the  3d  U.  S.  Artillery,  Edwards'  Battery,  and  in  April,  1864,  was 
appointed  ist  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  the  nyth  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry; 
assisted  in  organizing  three  regiments  of  colored  troops  in  Kentiicky;  was 
attached  to  the  gth  and  25th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Big 
Bethel,  Mechanicsville,  Games'  Mills,  Malvern  Hill,  Turkey  Bend,  Charles 
City  Cross-roads,  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  South  Mountain,  siege  of 
Vicksburg,  and  Jackson,  Miss.;  was  injured  by  a  fall  from  a  horse;  resigned 
on  account  of  ill-health  at  Deep  Bottom,  Va.,  December  21,  1864;  has  since 
resided  in  Ohio,  where  he  has  been  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  except 
for  eight  years,  during  four  of  which  he  held  a  responsible  position  in  the 
Cincinnati  post-office,  and  the  other  four  in  the  custom-house  at  the  same 
place,  which  position  he  resigned  in  1885  to  engage  in  the  iron-roofing 
business;  is  at  present  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Sagendorph  Iron 
Roofing  and  Corrugating  Company;  was  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the 
department  of  Ohio,  G.  A.  R.,  in  1884.  Comrade  Avery  is  a  member  of 
George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  where  he  resides. 


JOHN  S.  HEDGES. 

Was  born  April  2,  1839,  in  Elmira,  N.  Y. ;  was  a  farmer  until  1861; 
since  the  war  a  dealer  in  grain,  lumber,  and  coal.  Enlisted  August  i, 
1861,  in  a  company  raised  at  Batavia,  Ills.,  which  was  mustered  in  at 
Chicago  as  Company  I  of  the  42d  Illinois  Infantry,  which  formed  the  first 
regiment  of  the  Douglass  Brigade;  served  as  private,  corporal,  sergeant, 
orderly-sergeant,  ist  lieutenant,  and  captain,  commissions  bearing  date  of 
December  2,  1864,  and  September  30,  1865;  was  attached  to  the  3d 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  397 

Brigade,  ad  Division,  4th  Army  Corps,  most  of  the  time;  took  part  in 
the  battles  at  Stone  River,  Chickamauga,  Mission  Ridge,  Atlanta  cam 
paign,  Franklin,  Nashville,  and  others;  was  severely  wounded  in  left  leg 
at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service 
January  10,  1866,  at  Springfield,  Ills.  First  service  was  in  Missouri  in 
General  Hunter's  division,  and  participated  in  the  pursuit  of  General 
Price;  in  the  spring  of  1862  was  with  General  Pope  on  the  Mississippi 
River,  and  took  part  in  the  siege  of  Island  No.  10;  in  April,  1862,  arrived 
at  Pittsburg  Landing  and  joined  Halleck's  army;  in  November,  same 
year,  was  attached  to  General  Sheridan's  division,  and  remained  under 
his  command  until  that  officer  was  sent  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in 
the  winter  of  1863  and  1864;  the  regiment  re-enlisted  as  veterans  January  i, 
1864;  after  the  war  located  at  Fairfax,  la.;  in  May,  1883,  removed  to 
Shelton,  Neb. ,  where  he  resides  at  present.  Comrade  Hedges  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Joe  Hooker  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  with  headquarters  at  his  place  of  resi 
dence. 

FRED  COCHEU. 

Was  born  March  30,  1832,  in  New  York  city;  has  been  a  baker, 
policeman,  president  of  a  railroad,  appraiser  of  customs  port  of  New  York, 
and  is  at  present  an  insurance  agent;  was  appointed  on  the  police  force 
when  twenty-one  years  old,  and  there  he  remained  until  May,  1861,  when 
he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  5th  Independent  Battery  of  New  York ;  was 
elected  lieutenant;  three  brothers  enlisted  as  privates  in  the  53d  New 
York  Regiment;  one  brother  was  killed  and  another  badly  wounded  at 
Port  Hudson;  in  October,  1861,  was  promoted  to  captain  of  Company  H 
of  the  53d  New  York  Regiment;  went  on  the  Burnside  expedition; 
was  forty-one  days  on  shipboard;  returned  to  Annapolis,  and  the  regi 
ment  was  honorably  discharged;  without  returning  home  Captain  Cocheu 
re-enlisted  in  the  85th  New  York  Regiment,  and  being  appointed  a 
captain,  joined  his  command  at  Fortress  Monroe;  passed  through  the 
campaign  with  McClellan  down  to  Harrison's  Landing,  when  his  brigade 
was  sent  to  Norfolk  and  Suffolk;  remained  there  until  January,  1863, 
then  went  to  Newbern,  N.  C.,  at  which  time  was  made  chief  of  the 
Ambulance  Corps  of  the  i8th  Army  Corps;  served  two  months  in  that 
capacity,  when,  at  his  own  request,  was  ordered  to  join  his  company;  a 
few  days  afterwards  was  detailed  to  command  a  detachment  in  charge  of 
Roanoke  Island,  where  he  remained  until  July,  when  he  resigned  on 
account  of  the  death  of  his  father  and  .brother;  after  settling  up  business 
matters  he  re-enlisted  in  the  6ist  New  York  Regiment,  and  was  again 
made  captain,  and  served  under  General  Grant  through  to  Petersburg;  in 


398  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

January,  1865,  was  finally  mustered  out  on  account  of  disability;  during 
this  varied  service  was  in  thirty-four  engagements  and  battles,  and  was 
three  times  slightly  wounded.  Comrade  Cocheu  joined  Harry  Lee  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  department  of  New  York,  in  1870;  was  its  commander  for  two 
terms;  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  Abel  Smith  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  which 
now  numbers  260  comrades,  and  has  $1,500  in  the  relief  fund;  has  been 
(and  still  is)  its  commander  since  its  organization;  was  inspector-general, 
department  of  New  York,  and  subsequently  assistant  inspector  under 
another  department  commander;  was  grand  marshal  of  the  G.  A.  R.  of 
Kings  County  in  1885. 

ISAAC  A.   THORNBURG. 

Was  born  in  Berkeley  County,  W.  Va.,  August  18,  1833;  at  the  break 
ing  out  of  the  war  was  engaged  in  teaching  school,  which  position  he 
resigned  and  enlisted  October  14,  1861,  in  the  ist  Maryland  Cavalry  as  a 
private,  and  during  the  war  was  twice  captured,  once  at  Charlestown, 
W.  Va.,  and  again  during  the  battle  of  Beverly  Ford,  June  9, 1863,  and  con 
ducted  to  Libby  Prison,  where  he  was  detained  until  an  exchange  of  pris 
oners  took  place;  was  mustered  out  and  honorably  discharged  at  Baltimore, 
Md.,  October  19,  1864,  after  having  served  as  a  private  three  full  years. 
Comrade  Thornburg  is  at  present  a  clerk  in  the  quartermaster-general's 
office,  U.  S.  A.,  and  a  member  of  James  A.  Garfield  Post,  No.  7,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Washington,  D.  C.,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


JOHN    A.    MAcMURPHY. 

Was  born  in  New  Hampton,  N.  J. ,  and  raised  in  Hunterdon  County; 
removed  to  Nebraska  in  1857,  but  returned  to  New  York  city  in  1861, 
and  enlisted  in  May  of  that  year  in  Troop  B  of  the  ist  New  York  Mounted 
Rifles — the  first  mounted  troop  accepted  by  the  Government  after  the  out 
break  of  the  war;  was. honorably  discharged  in  1864.  The  ist  New  York 
Mounted  Rifles  were  enlisted  by  special  order  from  Simon  Cameron,  Secre 
tary  of  War,  issued  to  captain,  afterwards  general,  Judson  Kilpatrick,  and 
were  called  at  first  Kilpatrick' s  Rifles,  and  reported  to  General  Butler  at 
Fortress  Monroe;  Kilpatrick  was  afterwards  transferred  to  another  com 
mand.  Mr.  MacMurphy  was  in  charge  of  orderlies  at  headquarters  in  1861 
and  1862,  and  afterwards  served  as  scout,  for  which  he  was  enlisted  until 
discharged  as  above;  was  severely  wounded  in  a  skirmish  on  Black  River; 
returning  to  Nebraska  in  1864  became  a  newspaper  correspondent;  in  1882 
and  1883  traveled  through  Colorado,  Utah,  and  Idaho,  writing  from  time 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  399 

to  time  for  the  Omaha  Republican  and  other  papers  and  magazines;  in 
1884  purchased  the  Schuyler  Sun,  which  he  sold  in  1886,  and  bought  the 
Wahoo  Independent.  Mr.  MacMurphy  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  best  known 
newspaper  men  in  Nebraska;  was  president  of  the  Nebraska  State  Press 
Association  for  three  years,  and  secretary  for  a  long  time.  Comrade 
MacMurphy  joined  McConihie  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Plattsmouth,  Cass 
County,  Neb.,  at  its  formation,  and  was  its  first  adjutant  and  first  elected 
commander;  afterwards  was  adjutant  of  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
Schuyler;  is  at  present  a  resident  of  Wahoo,  Neb. 


JAMES  D.   FORRESTER. 

Was  born  March  9,  1844,  in  Allegheny  City,  Pa.;  at  the  breaking 
out  of  the  war  was  attending  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city,  and  was 
one  of  the  first  to  respond  to  the  call  of  the  President  for  troops,  and  on 
April  18,  1861,  at  the  age  of  seventeen,  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company 
F,  1 3th  Pennsylvania  Infantry;  after  the  regiment  was  mustered  out  it  was 
immediately  reorganized  and  young  Forrester  again  enlisted  as  a  private 
September  4,  1864;  was  attached  to  the  6th  Army  Corps,  and  took  part  in 
all  the  battles  at  the  time  his  regiment  was  connected  with  it;  was  severely 
wounded  in  the  face  at  the  battle  of  Fisher's  Hill,  and  was  three  months  in 
hospital.  October  18,  1864,  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant;  was  mustered 
out  of  service  at  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  July  19,  1865,  as  brevet  captain,  command 
ing  Company  I,  load  (old  i3th)  Pennsylvania  Veteran  Volunteer  Infantry. 
Comrade  Forrester  is  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  6,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Louisville,  Ky. ,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident;  has  been  post  com 
mander  and  junior  vice-department  commander. 


FRANCIS  M.   GARRISON. 

Was  born  November  6,  1838,  in  Cedar  County,  Iowa;  has  been  a 
teacher,  farmer,  and  stock-raiser;  is  at  present  county  assessor.  Enlisted 
June  8,  1 86 1,  in  the  3d  Iowa  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached 
to  the  ist  Brigade,  4th  Division,  lyth  Army  Corps,  also  to  the  ist  Brigade, 
4th  Division,  of  the  i5th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Hager's 
Wood,  Mo.,  Blue  Mills,  Shiloh,  Hatchie  River,  Tern...  Greenville,  Miss., 
Vicksburg,  Jackson,  and  Atlanta;  was  captured  at  Atlanta  and  confined 
in  Andersonsville;  was  with  Sherman  on  his  march  to  the  sea  and  through 


400  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  Carolinas;  honorably  discharged  July  19,  1865.  Comrade  Garrison 
joined  the  G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Quentin,  Cal.,  in  1881;  has  been  post  com 
mander  of  Custer  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  California,  and  is  at  present  adjutant 
of  Baker  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Marshfield,  Coos  County,  Or.,  where  he 
resides. 

KIEL   HALE. 

Was  born  in  Columbianna  County,  Ohio,  February  23,  1842.  Enlisted 
as  a  private  May  i,  1861,  in  Company  K,  ist  Regiment  of  Iowa  Infantry 
for  three  months,  and  immediately  upon  being  mustered  out  re-enlisted  in 
Company  D,  I2th  Iowa  Infantry,  and  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant 
September  20,  1861;  on  April  7,  1862,  ist  lieutenant,  and  again  March 
24,  1863,  captain.  Comrade  Hale  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Dug 
Springs,  Mo.,  Wilson's  Creek,  Mo.,  Fort  Henry,  Tenn.,  Fort  Donelson, 
and  Shiloh,  where  he  was  captured,  and  remained  a  prisoner  at  Anderson- 
ville,  Madison,  and  Libby  for  over  six  months;  while  a  prisoner  he  became 
the  victim  of  a  chronic  complaint,  which  caused  him  to  resign  his  com 
mission  December  26,  1863.  Comrade  Hale  is  a  member  of  Negley  Post, 
No.  35,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Tucson,  Arizona,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 

ERSKINE   CARSON. 

Was  born  April  16,  1838,  at  Chillicothe,  Ohio;  previous  to  the  war 
was  clerk  in  a  railroad  office,  which  position  he  resigned  to  enlist  as  a  pri 
vate  in  the  73d  Ohio  Infantry,  October  i,  1861;  was  attached  to  McLean's 
brigade  of  the  nth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  second  Bull  Run  battle 
August  30,  1862;  was  shot  through  the  left  ilium,  and  taken  prisoner  on 
the  field  of  battle;  has  been  a  great  sufferer  ever  since,  his  wound  having 
never  healed;  for  twenty-four  years  has  been  under  treatment;  was  honor 
ably  discharged  October  30,  1862;  since  his  discharge  served  three  years 
as  clerk  of  Ross  County,  Ohio,  and  since  then  has  been  in  the  employ 
of  the  railroad  company.  Comrade  Carson  is  a  member  of  John  M.  Barrere 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  where  he  resides;  has  been  commander 
of  his  post. 

H.  C.  WARDLEIGH. 

Was  born  October  31,  1843,  in  Lincolnshire,  Eng.,  came  to  this 
country  in  1850;  has  been  a  teacher  in  district  and  public  schools;  is  at 
present  a  dealer  in  rmisical  instruments  and  sewing-machines.  Enlisted 
June  2,  1863,  in  the  2d  California  Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private  and  as 
acting  assistant  surgeon;  was  attached  to  General  Connor's  brigade;  was 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  401 

present  and  took  part  in  the  engagements  at  Bear  River  and  Tongue 
River;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  June  2,  1866;  was 
enlisted  and  served  under  the  name  of  Henry  W.  Walker,  his  original 
name,  which  has  since  been  changed  by  act  of  the  Legislature  to  Ward- 
leigh.  Comrade  Wardleigh  is  a  merchant  of  Ogden  city,  Utah;  is  a 
member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Ogden  city;  has  been  adjutant, 
post  commander,  assistant  adjutant-general,  and  department  commander. 


WILLIAM  A.  McHENRY. 

Born  March  6,  1841,  in  Almond,  N.  Y. ;  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and 
attended  the  common  schools.  Enlisted  September  18,  1861,  in  Company 
L  of  the  8th  Illinois  Cavalry;  re-enlisted  as  a  veteran  and  served  until 
July  23,  1865,  at  which  time  he  was  honorably  discharged  with  the  rank 
of  orderly-sergeant;  had  been  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant,  in  which  capac 
ity  he  was  acting,  but  was  not  mustered  in  that  rank  on  account  of  his 
company  having  been  reduced  below  the  minimum  number.  In  civil  life, 
comrade  McHenry,  since  the  war,  has  been  engaged  in  the  real  estate  and 
banking  business,  in  Denison,  la.,  where  he  resides;  has  served  as  mayor 
of  the  city,  and  occupied  other  positions  of  trust  and  honor.  Comrade 
McHenry  is  a  member  of  Root  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Iowa,  and 
has  served  two  years  as  its  commander.  At  the  last  encampment  he  was 
elected  department  commander,  and  the  residents  of  his  city  gave  him  a 
rousing  reception  on  his  return  home. 

ORION   T.  THOMAS. 

Was  born  in  Defiance  County,  Ohio;  is  a  printer;  commenced  to  learn 
that  trade  when  twelve  years  old.  Enlisted  July  16,  1862,  in  Company 
D  of  the  5th  Indiana  Cavalry  when  only  sixteen  years  of  age;  served 
as  bugler;  was  first  stationed  at  Glasgow,  Ky.,  taking  part  in  the 
engagements  in  that  locality;  was  severely  wounded  in  left  leg  while 
on  picket  duty;  was  disabled  for  six  months;  rejoined  his  regiment  in 
East  Tennessee;  being  unable  to  walk  on  account  of  wound  was  detailed 
as  camp  bugler  at  Camp  Nelson;  shortly  afterward  was  detailed  to  work 
in  the  Government  printing-office  at  Lexington,  Kentucky;  rejoined  regi 
ment  in  March,  1864,  and  took  part  in  the  Georgia  campaign;  was 
captured  while  with  General  Stoneman  in  Georgia,  July  31,  1864;  was 
in  prison  at  Andersonville,  Macon,  Savannah,  and  Millen;  reported  back 
to  the  regiment  in  January,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,-  being  the 
only  one  out  of  about  thirty  of  his  regiment  who  were  captured  in  the 

2  A 


402 

Stoneman  raid  who  ever  returned;  had  a  father  and  three  brothers  in  the 
army,  all  of  whom  served  three  years;  was  one  of  thirty- two  out  of  the 
original  104  who  enlisted  in  1862  who  remained  to  be  mustered  out  in 
1865;  was  in  railroad  accident  near  Andersonville  when  a  train-load  of 
prisoners  was  wrecked  and  many  killed  and  wounded;  was  enrolled  among 
the  thousand  who  were  to  be  exchanged  at  the  time  Sherman  took  Atlanta, 
but  was  among  the  unfortunate  half  who  did  not  get  exchanged  after 
marching  eighteen  miles  barefooted;  was  in  the  battles  of  Resaca,  Kene- 
saw,  Dallas,  and  all  the  battles  and  skirmishes  in  the  Georgia  campaign, 
from  Dalton  to  Atlanta;  honorably  discharged  June  15,  1865.  Comrade 
Thomas  is  a  member  of  Stanton  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal., 
where  he  resides. 

ALONZO   T.   PRENTISS. 

Was  born  May  4,  1819,  in  Youngstown,  Ohio;  worked  on  a  farm 
when  young;  since  1857  ^as  been  a  carpenter;  is  at  present  a  carpenter 
and  builder.  Enlisted  August  16,  1861,  in  the  49th  Ohio  Infantry,  and 
served  as  ist  lieutenant  of  Company  I;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Nash 
ville,  Tenn. ,  March  10,  1862.  Comrade  Prentiss  is  a  member  of  Lyon 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Oakland,  Cal. ;  is  chaplain  of  his  post,  and  a  resident 
of  Brooklyn,  Cal. 

SAMUEL   KINGSTON. 

Was  born  August  21,  1844,  ^n  St.  Johns,  New  Brunswick;  has  been 
a  painter  and  art  decorator;  at  present  has  no  occupation;  is  a  pensioner. 
Enlisted  in  June,  1861,  in  Company  K  of  the  ist  Pennsylvania  Rifles  and 
served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  ist  Army 
Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Drainsville,  Charles  City  Cross-roads, 
the  seven  days'  fight  on  the  peninsula,  second  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain, 
Malvern  Hill,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  and  numerous 
skirmishes  and  raids;  was  seven  times  wounded  and  twice  captured,  as 
follows:  first  at  second  Bull  Run,  rifle-ball  in  right  forearm;  second  at 
Malvern  Hill,  left  upper  arm  and  right  thigh,  flesh  wounds  by  rifle-balls, 
one  of  which  was  quite  serious;  third  at  South  Mountain,  was  slightly 
wounded  by  cartridge-box  being  carried  away  by  shell ;  fourth  at  Fredericks- 
burg;  rifle-ball  in  flesh  of  right  breast  below  nipple,  belt-plate  saved  life; 
fifth  at  Gettysburg,  twice,  rifle-ball  through  calf  of  leg  (quite  serious)  and 
rifle-ball  in  hip,  the  latter  has  never  been  extracted,  the  wound  has  never 
healed  and  he  is  crippled  for  life ;  until  the  last  wounds  were  received  was 
never  absent  during  action;  was  captured  at  Malvern  Hill  and  sent  to 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  403 

L,ibby  Prison,  was  exchanged  in  time  to  participate  in  the  second  Bull 
Run  battle;  was  again  captured  at  South  Mountain  and  paroled  and 
exchanged  in  time  to  take  part  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg;  was 
honorably  discharged  on  account  of  wounds  received  in  battle  in  Septem 
ber,  1863;  lived  in  Ohio  until  1880,  when  he  came  to  California,  and  has 
since  resided  in  San  Jose;  is  unable  to  engage  in  any  employment  Com 
rade  Kingston  is  a  member  of  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose,  Cal. 


GEORGE  W.  MARTIN. 

Was  born  September  22,  1837,  in  Charlotte,  Vt. ;  a  farmer  by  occu 
pation.  Enlisted  October  7,  1861,  in  the  ist  Massachusetts  Cavalry,  and 
served  as  a  private,  sergeant,  and  lieutenant,  commission  bearing  date  of 
November,  1864;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  Cavalry 
Corps;  was  in  the  following  engagements:  Robert's  Island,  Antietam, 
Stony  Creek  Station,  Marye's  Heights,  Gordonsville,  Kelly's  Ford,  Aldie 
Hill,  Gettysburg,  Winchester,  Culpeper  Court-house,  Prince  Edward 
Court-house,  Wilderness,  Todd's  Tavern,  Sampson's  Cross-roads,  Ash 
land,  front  of  Richmond,  May  13,  1864,  Hawes'  Shop,  Cold  Harbor, 
Orange,  and  Alexandria  Railroad,  Charles  City  Cross-roads,  St.  Mary's 
Church,  Deep  Bottom,  Lee's  Mills,  Malvern  Hill,  Weldon  Railroad, 
Reams'  Station,  August  23,  and  September  30,  1864,  Vaughn  Road, 
South  Side  Railroad,  Bellefield,  and  Petersburg,  also  many  skirmishes; 
was  wounded,  saber  cut  on  right  wrist,  at  Aldie  Hill,  Va. ,  and  captured  at 
the  same  time  and  placed  under  guard  of  a  rebel  soldier;  watched  his 
chance,  knocked  the  guard  down,  seized  his  own  arms,  which  were  lying 
near,  and  ran  down  the  hill ;  got  a  severe  fall  on  the  way,  came  across  the 
captain  of  his  company,  who  was  wounded,  and,  with  the  assistance  of  a 
negro,  got  him  to  a  place  of  safety;  was  honorably  discharged  June  5, 
1865.  Comrade  Martin  is  a  member  of  Appomattox  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Oakland,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


H.    O.    THOMAS. 

Was  born  in  Wareham,  Mass.,  June  28,  1840;  his  occupations  in  life 
have  been  clerk  and  merchant.  Enlisted  in  New  Bedford  City  Guards, 
Company  L,  Captain  Ingraham,  3d  Regiment  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia,  Colonel  Wardrop,  April  16,  1861,  for  three  months'  service,  under 
the  first  call  of  President  Lincoln  for  troops  to  suppress  the  Rebellion;  at 
the  expiration  of  term  of  service  re-enlisted  in  Company  D,  i8th  Massa 
chusetts  Infantry  Volunteers,  for  three  years;  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade, 


404  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

ist  Division,  5th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  participated  in  the 
siege  of  Yorktown,  the  battles  before  Richmond,  Va. ,  Antietam,  second 
Bull  Run,  and  at  Fredericksburg;  in  the  latter .  battle  was  shot  through 
the  right  arm,  necessitating  the  removal  of  broken  bones  and  causing  the 
loss  of  use  of  arm;  in  consequence  of  this  permanent  disability  he  was 
discharged  from  service  on  surgeon's  certificate  in  the  spring  of  1863;  as 
soon  as  recovery  from  wounds  would  permit  he  returned  to  the  front  as  a 
citizen,  marching  and  camping  with  his  old  comrades  and  associates,  and 
in  time  of  battle  entering  the  field-hospital  and  officiating  as  nurse,  with 
such  ability  and  noticeable  aptitude  as  to  receive  special  praise  from  Sur- 
geon-in-Chief  DeWitt  and  Surgeon-in-Charge  Thomas  of  the  ist  Division, 
5th  Corps  Field  Hospital,  all  of  which  service  he  rendered  at  his  own 
expense;  he  became  known  in  the  army  as  "  Citizen  Thomas,"  a  sobri 
quet  bestowed  upon  him  by  his  old  comrades;  in  this  manner,  without 
pay  or  any  desire  for  compensation,  he  served  until  the  end  of  the  war. 
He  is  a  member  of  Fletcher  Webster  Post,  No.  13,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Brockton, 
Mass.,  his  place  of  residence. 

CHARLES  MORRIS  BLAKE. 

Was  born  in  Brewer,  Me.,  December  24,  1819;  his  occupations  in 
life  have  been  various;  has  been  a  farmer,  teacher,  physician,  and  Pres 
byterian  preacher;  is  at  present  a  chaplain  in  the  U.  S.  Army  on  the 
retired  list;  entered  the  army  as  chaplain  U.  S.  Volunteers  August  13, 
1861;  was  appointed  hospital  chaplain  June  4,  1862,  resigned  July  21, 
1863,  for  the  purpose  of  recruiting  colored  troops;  .assisted  in  raising  at 
Washington  city  the  ist  and  2d  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry,  and  then  proceed 
ing  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  organized  the  3d  and  6th  Colored  Regiments, 
was  appointed  senior  captain  and  acted  as  colonel  of  the  3d  Colored  Regi 
ment;  went  with  it  as  part  of  the  re- enforcements  to  General  Gillmore  in 
the  department  of  the  South;  was  brigaded  with  the  2d  South  Carolina 
Infantry — colored — and  the  54th  Massachusetts  Infantry — colored.  The  3d 
U.  S.  Colored  Regiment  hauled  up  the  heavy  guns  for  the  Swamp  Angel  and 
other  siege  batteries,  and,  under  heavy  fire  constantly,  aided  the  engineers 
in  mounting  these  guns,  which  opened  fire  direct  upon  Charleston,  against 
which  the  rebel  general  Beauregard  sent  a  flag  of  truce  to  protest. 

Captain  Blake  was  present  at  the  siege  and  capture  of  Fort  Wagner; 
was  wounded  in  head  by  concussion  of  shell  at  Fort  Wagner,  August  31, 
1863;  was  also  with  his  regiment  engaged  at  Olustee,  Fla.,  February  20, 
1864;  honorably  mustered  out  August  n,  1864;  appointed  hospital  chap 
lain  September  26,  1864;  honorably  discharged  May  10,  1865.  The  army 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  405 

register  gives  his  military  history  since  the  war  as  follows:  Appointed 
from  Pennsylvania  chaplain  in  permanent  establishment  May  17,  1866; 
post  chaplain  April  3,  1867;  resigned  March  17,  1869,  reinstated  by  order 
of  President  Hayes  October  2,  1878;  office  expired  by  constitutional  limi 
tation  March  4,  1879;  reappointed  by  President  Garfield  May  20,  1881, 
and  retired  on  account  of  age  December  24,  1883. 

Captain  Blake's  first  station  in  the  Regular  Army  was  at  Camp  Whip- 
pie  near  Prescott,  Arizona;  thence  ordered  August  16,  1867,  to  Camp 
McDowell,  Arizona,  where  he  fell  sick  and  was  completely  prostrate  for 
years.  It  was  the  wound  at  Wagner  and  the  exposure  during  the  war 
which  mentally  and  physically  affected  him.  During  this  period  it  was 
claimed  he  resigned  his  commission  as  above  stated,  but  the  Court  of 
Claims  and  the  U.  S.  Supreme  Court  in  1878-79  decided  against  the  resig 
nation.  The  whole  case  has  become  a  cause  celebre  and  the  matter  of  rank 
and  pay  from  April  28,  1869,  the  date  of  the  alleged  resignation  to  May 
20,  1878,  that  of  his  reappointment,  is  still  before  Congress.  He  is  a 
member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. , 
which  is  his  place  of  residence. 

ROBERT   GRIFFIN. 

Was  born  February  26,  1834,  in  England;  is  a  carpenter  and  builder. 
Enlisted  October  29,  1861,  in  the  2d  Wisconsin  Cavalry,  and  served  as 
corporal;  was  wounded  by  rifle-ball  in  left  foot;  was  honorably  discharged, 
after  three  years'  service,  October  29,  1864,  at  Milwaukee,  Wis.  Comrade 
Griffin  is  a  member  of  Ord  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Cottage  Grove,  Lane  County, 
Or.,  where  he 'resides.  Has  been  senior  vice-commander  of  his  post. 


HENRY    H.   TODD. 

Is  Highland  Scotch  by  birth;  was  born  in  a  military  camp  August 
23,  1838,  his  father  being  an  officer  in  the  British  Army;  in  1852  he  was 
appointed  junior  clerk  to  the  sheriff  of  the  county  of  Argyle,  Scotland; 
in  1854,  at  Liverpool,  entered  the  employ  of  an  extensive  mercantile 
house  doing  business  in  nearly  all  the  ports  of  the  Mediterranean  and 
Black  seas;  remained  with  them  three  years,  and  in  1857  came  to  New 
York  city,  where  he  entered  the  service  of  a  leading  importing  carpet 
house,  in  which  he  continued  until  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  Enlisted  in 
Company  K,  2d  Regiment  New  Jersey  Volunteer  Militia,  April  26,  1861, 
for  three  months,  and  served  as  a  private;  participated  in  the  first  Bull 
Run  battle;  honorably  discharged  at  Trenton,  N.J.,  July  31,  1861,  by 


406  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service.  Re-enlisted  in  Company  K,  8th 
New  Jersey  Infantry  Volunteers,  September  13,  1861,  for  three  years; 
appointed  sergeant  on  day  of  enlistment,  promoted  sergeant-major  February 
21,  1862;  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  Company  D,  October  15,  1862,  cap 
tain  Company  D,  October  3,  1863;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade  of  General 
Joe  Hooker's  division;  took  part  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  the  battles  of 
Williamsburg,  Fair  Oaks,  Seven  Pines,  Savage  Station,  Glendale,  Malvern 
Hill — both  battles — Bristow  Station,  second  Bull  Run,  Chantilly,  Cen- 
terville,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Wapping  Heights, 
McLean's  Ford,  Mine  Run,  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  Hatch 
er's  Run,  Armstrong  House,  and  Boydton  Plank  Road,  capture  of  Peters 
burg,  Amelia  Springs,  Farmville,  and  present  at  Lee's  surrender  at  Appo- 
mattox.  At  the  battle  of  Williamsburg,  during  the  latter  part  of  the  engage 
ment,  assumed  command  of  a  company  that  had  lost  all  of  its  officers,  his 
brother,  Captain  Win.  Todd,  of  the  company,  being  dangerously  wounded 
in  the  head  and  carried  from  the  field;  there  was  also  another  brother, 
Thomas  Todd,  then  a  sergeant  in  the  regiment;  after  the  battle  of  Chau- 
tilly,  there  being  no  commissioned  officers  with  the  regiment,  he  virtually 
filled  the  positions  of  commandant  of  the  regiment,  adjutant  and  sergeant- 
major,  individually  compiling  and  reporting  the  casualties  of  the  entire 
regiment  in  its  late  battles;  Brigadier-General  Carr,  of  whose  command  it 
then  formed  a  part,  finding  the  regiment  commanded  by  an  enlisted  man 
only,  one  of  the  few,  if  not  the  only  instance  during  the  war,  appointed 
an  officer  from  another  regiment  to  take  command  of  it;  at  Chancellors 
ville  the  8th  New  Jersey  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  3d 
Army  Corps,  and  the  night  after  the  battle  the  company  of  Lieutenant 
Todd  was  on  the  right  of  the  regiment,  resting  on  the  Chancellorsville 
Plank  Road;  it  fired  on  some  advancing  horsemen,  and  it  was  believed  by- 
many  who  were  present  that  it  was  from  these  shots  that  Stonewall  Jack 
son  was  mortally  wounded.  Captain  Todd,  to  which  position  he  had  then 
been  promoted,  with  a  number  of  his  command,  were  taken  prisoners  at 
Spottsylvania  Court-house  May  18,  1864,  he  being  slightly  wounded  in 
the  right  leg  and  left  foot;  was  confined  for  a  time  in  the  military  prison 
at  Macon,  Ga. ;  after  several  ineffectual  attempts  to  escape,  Captain  Todd, 
General  J.  Madison  Drake,  of  Elizabeth  city,  N.  J.,  captains  J.  E.  Lewis 
and  Alfred  Grant,  on  October  6,  1864,  while  en  route  from  Charleston 
to  Columbia,  S.  C.,  jumped  from  the  cars,  Captain  Todd  leading  the 
way,  and,  though  fired  at  by  the  guards,  managed  to  reach  the  swamps 
in  safety;  after  seventy-nine  days  of  exposure  in  rain  and  snow,  only 
partially  clad,  crossing  rivers  and  mountains,  they  entered  the  Federal 
lines  at  Lexington,  Ky. ,  December  24,  1864;  and  his  term  of  sen-ice 
having  expired,  he  was  recommissioned  captain,  and  was  honorably 


GRAND  ARMY    OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  407 

discharged  July  17,  1865,  near  Washington  city.  In  1866  Comrade  Toddr 
in  company  with  his  brother,  Captain  Wm.  Todd,  engaged  in  wholesale 
business  in  Chicago;  losing  heavily  by  the  great  fire,  returned  to  New 
York  and  became  engaged  with  an  extensive  tobacco  manufacturing  house ; 
became  its  manager  at  Boston,  and  in  1878  was  sent  to  San  Francisco  to 
establish  a  branch;  retired  from  this  business  in  1882,  and  became  engaged 
in  quartz-mining  near  Mariposa,  Cal. ,  where  he  at  present  resides;  he  is 
also  fish  commissioner  for  Mariposa  County;  is  a  member  of  Joe  Hooker 
Post,  No.  u,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Alameda,  Cal. 


JAMES  H.   LORD. 

Was  born  December  10,  1832,  in  Taunton,  Mass.;  worked  in  a  fac 
tory  and  on  a  farm;  is  at  present  a  marble-cutter.  Enlisted  July  15, 
1861,  in  Company  A  of  the  igth  Massachusetts  Regiment,  and  served  as 
a  drummer;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Corps  under  Sumner,  and  afterwards 
to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division  of  Hancock's  corps;  took  part  in  twenty- 
eight  of  the  forty-five  battles  in  which  his  regiment  was  engaged,  among 
which  were  the  battles  of  Ball's  Bluff,  Antietam,  Fair  Oaks,  Cold  Harbor, 
2d  Bull  Run,  the  battles  in  front  of  Petersburg,  Gettysburg,  and  the  seven 
days  before  Richmond.  Re-enlisted  in  1863  and  served  until  honorably 
discharged  in  1865.  Comrade  Lord  is  a  member  of  Chattanooga  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Nevada  City,  Cal.,  and  a  resident  of  Grass  Valley,  Cal.  Is 
drummer  of  his  post. 

CHARLES  HINER  PETERSON. 

Was  born  on  the  Island  of  Bornholm,  a  portion  of  the  kingdom  of 
Denmark,  December  18,  1836;  after  he  left  school  followed  the  sea  for  a 
livelihood  and  became  master  of  a  coasting  vessel,  trading  in  the  ports  of 
the  Baltic;  came  to  California  in  October,  1854,  in  the  clipper  ship 
Northwester,  and  on  receiving  his  discharge  as  one  of  the  crew  went  to 
Amador  County,  where  he  remained  engaged  in  mining  and  prospect 
ing  for  several  years.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  7th  California  Infantry, 
October  13,  1864,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  stationed  in  Arizona;  mus 
tered  out  at  the  Presidio,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  April  26,  1866;  after  dis 
charge  from  military  service  returned  to  Amador  County  and  was  engaged 
as  a  book-keeper  in  a  general  merchandise  store,  and  subsequently  as  a 
book-keeper  for  the  superintendent  of  the  Keystone  mine;  moved  to  San 
Francisco  in  the  spring  of  1869,  an^  was  appointed  inspector  of  customs 
under  General  John  F.  Miller,  then  collector  of  the  port  of  San  Francisco; 


408  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

has  been  employed  in  the  U.  S.  marshal's  office  as  a  bailiff  and  deputy 
U.  S.  marshal  under  the  following  marshals:  E.  P.  Marcellns,  A.  W. 
Poole,  M.  M.  Drew,  and  is  now  serving  under  J.  C.  Franks,  the  present 
incumbent.  Comrade  Peterson  is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post, 
No..  2,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


JOHN  A.  JACKSON. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Hardin,  Shelby  County,  Ohio,  August  18, 
1841,  and  is  by  occupation  a  detective.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  2oth 
Ohio  Volunteers,  February  8,  1862,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to 
the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  ijth  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh, 
the  engagement  near  Bolivar,  where  the  rebel  general  Frank  Armstrong, 
with  fifteen  regiments  marching  to  destroy  railroad  communications  north 
ward,  was  held  in  check  the  entire  day  by  the  2oth  Ohio,  a  portion  of  the 
y8th  Ohio  and  two  companies  of  the  2d  Illinois  Cavalry;  late  in  the  after 
noon  Companies  C  and  K,  to  which  comrade  Jackson  belonged,  of  the 
2Oth,  were  captured  by  a  cavalry  charge;  was  at  luka,  Raymond,  Miss., 
Champion  Hills,  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Jonesboro,  the  battles  and  siege 
of  Atlanta,  with  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the  sea  and  through  the  Caro- 
linas,  present  at  the  surrender  of  General  Jos.  E.  Johnston  with  his  Confeder 
ate  forces,  and  at 'the  grand  review  in  Washington  city;  from  thence  his 
regiment  was  sent  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  July  18,  1865,  back  to  Columbus, 
Ohio,  where  it  was  mustered  out  of  service;  he  is  a  member  of  George 
H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  of  which  city  he  is  a 
resident. 

EDWARD   M.   WEAVER. 

Was  born  September  21,  1844,  in  Wyndham,  Conn;  was  a  farmer 
before  the  war;  at  present  is  engaged  in  horticulture.  Enlisted  September 
21,  1861,  in  Company  D  of  the  8th  Connecticut  Infantry,  and  served  as 
private  and  corporal;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  9th 
Army  Corps,  and  later  on  to  the  ist  Brigade,  3d  Division,  i8th  Army 
Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Roanoke  Island,  Newbern,  Fort  Macon, 
South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Drewry' s  Bluff,  Cold  Harbor,  Petersburg,  Swift's 
Creek,  and  Fort  Hanna;  was  in  numerous  skirmishes  and  battles  of  lesser 
note;  was  present  for  duty  and  participated  in  every  action  in  which  his 
regiment  was  engaged;  at  Antietam  was  three  times  wounded;  rifle-ball 
entered  above  elbow  and  came  out  at  wrist;  little  finger  of  left  hand  shot 
away,  and  rifle-ball  in  back  entered  under  shoulder-blade  and  came  out 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  409 

under  right  arm;  at  Cold  Harbor  was  slightly  wounded  by  piece  of  shell 
in  breast;  was  in  hospital  at  Baltimore;  returned  to  regiment  in  August, 
1863;  re-enlisted  December  23,  1863,  and  was  present  for  duty  until  finally 
discharged  December  12,  1865,  after  having  served  four  years  and  three 
months;  came  to  California  in  1875.  Comrade  Weaver  is  a  member  of 
Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  his  place  of  residence. 


GEORGE   W.  MYRICK. 

Was  born  in  Troy,  Me.,  August  8,  1840,  and  at  the  outbreak  of  the 
war  was  following  his  trade  of  carpenter  and  joiner.  Enlisted  in  Com 
pany  C,  1 3th  Maine  Infantry,  October  22,  1861;  served  as  private,  corporal, 
and  sergeant  of  his  company;  was  attached  to  the  igth  Army  Corps,  and 
participated  in  the  battle  of  Pleasant  Hill;  was  honorably  discharged  from 
the  service  May  29,  1864.  Comrade  Myrick  is  now  a  resident  of  Wood 
land,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  William  H.  Seward  Post,  No.  65,  G.  A.  R., 
of  that  place;  is  officer  of  the  guard. 


DAVID   HENNEGIN. 

Was  born  in  Russelltown,  Canada,  October  17,  1838;  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  was  fanning  in  the  State  of  New  York.  Enlisted  in  Company 
F,  io6th  New  York  Infantry,  in  the  fall  of  1862;  was  a  private  and  regi 
mental  teamster  in  the  6th  Army  Corps,  3d  Brigade,  of  3d  Division,  Army 
•of  the  Potomac,  and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Cold 
Harbor,  Culpeper,  Martinsburg,  W.  Va.,  Spottsylvania  and  Chestnut 
Grove;  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  honorably  discharged  in 
July,  1865.  Comrade  Hennegin  is  a  member  of  William  H.  Seward  Post, 
No.  65,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Woodland,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


GEORGE  H.  OTIS. 

Was  born  at  Potsdam,  N.  Y.,  October  10,  1837.  At  the  outbreak  of 
the  war  was  among  the  first  to  go  into  the  army,  enlisting  as  a  private  in 
the  2d  Wisconsin  Infantry,  April  26,  1861;  was  in  the  ist  and  5th  Corps 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  served  as  private,  corporal,  and  sergeant; 
commissioned  2d  lieutenant  September  2,  1861,  ist  lieutenant  February 
17,  1862,  captain,  April  4,  1862,  and  major,  May  25,  1864;  brevetted  lieu 
tenant-colonel  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Get 
tysburg,  succeeding  Colonel  Fairchild  in  command  of  regiment  in  that 


410  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

engagement,  and  brought  the  regiment  home  to  be  mustered  out  at  expi 
ration  of  service;  was  provost  marshal  of  ist  division  during  the  battle  of 
the  Wilderness  under  generals  Cutler  and  Rice;  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
ist  Bull  Run,  2d  Bull  Run,  and  all  the  battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac; 
was  honorably  discharged  at  Madison,  Wis.,  June  24,  1864;  re-enlisted  and 
served  as  major  one  year,  from  December,  1864,  to  December,  1865,  in  the 
8th  Regiment  U.  S.  Veterans,  General  Hancock's  command.  Comrade  Otis 
after  the  war  located  in  Iowa,  and  is  a  printer  and  editor.  Taking  great 
interest  in  military  aifairs  he  reorganized  the  4th  Regiment  Iowa  State 
Militia;  was  lieutenant-colonel  and  afterwards  its  colonel;  is  a  resident  of 
McGregor,  la.,  and  a  charter  member  of  Henry  Dix  Post,  No.  371,  G.  A.  R., 
of  that  place;  has  been  adjutant  and  is  at  present  commander  of  his  post. 


WM.  B.   A.  CARTER. 

Was  born  in  Martin  County,  Ind.,  January  29,  1839.  Enlisted  in 
Company  K  of  the  36th  Iowa  Regiment  August  22,  1862,  and  served  in 
the  yth  Corps,  2d  Division,  of  the  Army  of  the  Southwest,  as  a  private  and 
musician;  took  part  in  the  engagements  at  Fort  Pemberton,  Helena,  Little 
Rock,  Little  Missouri,  and  Prairie  De  Am,  Mark's  Mills,  and  many 
skirmishes;  was  captured  at  Mark's  Mills  and  taken  to  Camp  Ford  in 
Texas;  was  exchanged  February  25,  1865;  was  honorably  discharged  from 
the  service  August  25,  1865.  Comrade  Carter  is  a  carpenter  by  trade,  and 
resides  at  Woodland,  Cal.  He  is  a  member  of  J.  K.  Mansfield  Post, 
No.  75,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Red  Bluff,  Cal. 


ALPHA    CLARK. 

Was  born  in  Hogensburg,  Franklin  County,  N.  Y.,  February  18, 
1836,  and  before  the  war  was  engaged  in  running  a  saw-mill;  since  has 
followed  farming.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  5th  Iowa  Cavalry,  February 
13,  1864,  and  served  as  a  private;  the  regiment  belonged  to  the  command 
of  General  George  H.  Thomas,  but  being  on  detached  service  was  not 
attached  to  any  brigade  or  corps;  it  was  employed  chiefly  in  skirmishing 
with  the  Confederate  forces  in  their  operations  against  Nashville,  and  on 
advanced  picket  guard;  comrade  Clark  was  captured  at  Spring  Hill,  near 
Duck  River,  November  29,  1864,  where  200  of  his  regiment,  with  a  cor 
responding  number  of  the  i6th  Illinois  Infantry  on  picket  guard,  had  held 
the  ford  on  the  Shelby ville  Pike  for  several  hours  against  Hood's  advancing 
army;  he  was  held  a  prisoner  at  Columbia  until  December  13:!!,  when,  in 
company  with  about  2,000  other  prisoners  of  war,  was  sent  South,  of  which 


GRAND   ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  411 

about  350  arrived  at  Meridian,  Miss.,  on  the  fifth  day  of  February,  1865; 
of  the  others,  many  died  on  the  way,  and  the  remainder,  through  illness, 
were  unable  to  march  or  be  transported.  On  account  of  the  roughness  of 
fare  while  in  prison  comrade  Clark  when  released  was  afflicted  with  a  com 
plication  of  diseases,  among  others  that  of  scurvy,  and  becoming  partially 
blind,  from  none  of  which  has  he  ever  entirely  recovered.  He  states  that 
during  his  imprisonment  he  never  saw  a  piece  of  flour  bread,  or  had  a  hat, 
boot,  or  coat  to  wear,  and  often  went  days  without  food ;  after  his  release 
from  imprisonment,  bv  the  termination  of  the  war,  was  sent  to  the  Prairie 
du  Chien  Hospital,  where  he  was  honorably  discharged  the  service  August 
18,  1865.  He  was  one  of  the  charter  members  of  Lou  Morris  Post,  No.  47, 
G.  A.  R. ,  at  Livermore,  Alameda  County,  Cal.,  to  which  he  still  belongs, 
though  at  present  a  resident  of  Corvallis,  Benton  County,  Or. 


FRED  H.   BERNARD. 

Was  born  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  March  5,  1848,  and  is  a  brick-layer  by 
trade;  was  only  fourteen  years  of  age  when  he  enlisted,  July,  1864,  in 
Company  C,  6th  Massachusetts  Infantry;  served  at  Arlington  Heights  in 
defenses  of  Washington  until  Early 's  forces  were  repulsed;  the  company 
was  then  sent  to  Fort  Delaware  as  prison  >guard  until  mustered  out  in 
December,  1864;  re-enlisted  in  February,  1865,  in  Company  A,  ist  Massa 
chusetts  Cavalry,  and  served  on  Lake  Champlain  and  the  Canada  frontier 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  July  7, 
1865.  Comrade  Bernard,  since  the  war,  has  lived  in  Massachusetts  and 
the  Hawaiian  Islands,  and  is  now  a  resident  of  San  Bernardino,  Cal., 
where  he  follows  his  business  of  contracting  and  building;  is  a  member 
of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  of  the  same  place. 


WM.   SAMPSON. 

Was  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  September  20,  1838,  and  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  was  a  soldier  in  Company  G,  ist  U.  S.  Dragoons,  stationed  in 
Arizona;  being  discharged  from  the  Regular  Army  in  1863,  he  went  to 
New  York,  and  in  July  of  the  same  year  enlisted  in  Company  C,  4th  New 
York  Cavalry,  which,  a  few  months  after,  was  consolidated  with  the 
9th  New  York  Cavalry;  joined  his  company  on  the  Rapidan  in  time  to 
take  part  in  the  siege  and  battle  of  Mine  Run  and  Brandy  Station,  Va. 
Served  in  Grant's  overland  campaign  from  the  Wilderness  to  Petersburg; 
with  Sheridan  in  the  Shenandoah  Vallev  and  battle  of  Cedar  Creek;  from 


412  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

there  went  to  Petersburg  by  the  road  through  Lynch  burg  and  Gordons- 
ville,  and  served  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  through  the  battle  of  Five 
Forks  on  to  the  surrender  of  Lee,  and  from  there  to  the  grand  review 
at  Washington;  honorably  discharged  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  August,  1865. 
Comrade  Sampson  since  1867  has  been  in  various  parts  of  California  and 
Arizona,  but  is  now  a  resident  of  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of 
W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  of  the  same  place. 


PERRY   PALMER. 

Was  born  in  Marion  County,  Ohio,  November  18,  1837.  Enlisted  in 
Company  G,  3Oth  Illinois  Infantry,  in  September,  1861;  served  in  the 
2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  i7th  Army  Corps,  as  a  private,  corporal,  and 
sergeant,  and  participated  in  the  battles  of  Belmont,  Fort  Donelson,  Vicks- 
burg,  and  Atlanta;  was  all  through  the  war,  and  honorably  discharged 
July  17,  1865.  Comrade  Palmer  is  a  member  of  William  H.  Seward 
Post,  No.  65,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Woodland,  Cal.,  where  he  now  resides. 


JOSEPH    COMFORT. 

A  native  of  Catskill,  N.  Y.;  his  occupations  in  life  have  been 
clerk  and  house  painter;  shipped  in  the  navy  as  landsman,  and  was 
rated  as  paymaster's  steward  on  the  U.  S,  steamer  Cowslip;  served 
in  the  West  Gulf  Squadron,  and  was  in  the  naval  fight  at  Mobile  Bay ;  was 
honorably  discharged  from  the  service  in  1865.  Comrade  Comfort  is  fol 
lowing  his  business  of  painting  at  Woodland,  Cal.,  and  is  a  member  of 
William  H.  Seward  Post,  No.  65,  G.  A.  R.,  of  that  place. 


JOHN    B.   McCHESNEY. 

Was  born  at  Lynchburg,  Va.,  August  12,  1848;  ran  away  from  home, 
and  at  fourteen  years  of  age  enlisted  as  a  drummer-boy,  February  22,  1862, 
in  Company  A,  gth  Iowa  Infantry;  was  with  his  company  at  the  battle  of 
Pea  Ridge,  Ark. ;  his  father,  learning  of  his  whereabouts,  took  him  out  of 
the  army,  and  sent  him  to  school,  where  he  only  remained  a  short  time, 
for,  by  the  aid  of  a  friend  who  passed  himself  off  as  the  boy's  guardian, 
young  McChesney  again  enlisted  as  a  drummer-boy  at  Chicago,  in  Com 
pany  D,  2d  Battalion,  i6th  U.  S.  Infantry;  served  in  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland,  taking  part  in  the  following  battles:  Stone  River,  Chicka- 
mauga,  September,  1863,  where  he  was  wounded  in  the  left  shoulder  and 


GRAND  ARMY    OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  413 

taken  prisoner;  after  nine  weeks'  confinement  was  taken  to  Selby,  Tenn., 
and  exchanged;  rejoined  his  regiment  in  January,  1864,  and  took  part  in 
all  the  engagements  from  Chattanooga  to  Atlanta;  was  wounded  in  the 
left  leg  at  the  battle  of  Jonesboro,  Ga. ,  and  after  the  battle  of  Marietta, 
Ga. ,  was  promoted  to  sergeant;  was  at  the  battle  of  Lookout  Mountain; 
was  honorably  mustered  out,  August  19,  1865.  Comrade  McChesney 
came  to  California  in  1867,  and  follows  his  business  of  stair-builder;  is  a 
resident  of  Los  Angeles;  ex-member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  No.  6,  and 
a  charter  member  of  Stanton  Post,  No.  55,  G.  A.  R.,  both  posts  being 
at  Los  Angeles. 

STEPHEN    CHACE  WHITTUM. 

Was  born  in  Lewiston,  Me.,  October  13,  1830;  has  been  engaged  in 
mining  and  general  labor.  Enlisted  in  8th  California  Infantry;  was 
attached  to  the  Pacific  Division,  and  served  as  corporal;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  at  Fort  Point,  San  Francisco,  October  24,  1865; 
is  a  member  of  Win.  H.  Seward  Post,  No.  65,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Woodland^ 
Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


HENRY  E.    SLOCUM. 

Was  born  in  Bristol  County,  Mass.,  November  u,  1835,  and  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  war  was  a  farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  G,  55th  Ohio 
Infantry,  September  25, 1861 ;  was  in  Schenck's  brigade,  Fremont's  mount 
ain  department;  took  part  in  the  engagements  at  Moorefield,  Monterey, 
and  Franklin,  and  in  all  the  hard  marches  during  the  winter  of  1861  and 
1862  in  western  Virginia;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio, 
November  20,  1862,  on  account  of  disability,  the  result  of  sickness  brought 
on  during  the  marches  of  the  above  winter.  Comrade  Slocum  is  now  a 
resident  of  Clyde,  Ohio,  and  a  member  of  Eaton  Post,  No.  55,  G.  A.  R. , 
of  the  same  place;  has  served  as  post  surgeon  and  chaplain. 


JOHN   ALEXANDER   RIGGEN. 

Was  born  in  Peoria  County,  Ills.,  October  29,  1841 ;  has  been  a  farmer; 
is  at  present  physician  and  surgeon.  Enlisted  in  i8th  Missourian  Infantry 
June  6,  1861 ;  served  as  musician,  corporal,  sergeant,  hospital  steward, 
sergeant-major,  2d  lieutenant,  ist  lieutenant,  and  regimental  quarter 
master;  was  attached  first  to  i6th  and  later  to  i7th  Army  Corps;  was  in 
the  battles  of  Little  Hurricane,  Shiloh,  siege  of  Corinth,  Hatchie,  luka, 
second  battle  of  Corinth,  and  through  Atlanta  campaign  and  Sherman's 


414  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

march  to  the  sea,  and  battle  of  Bentonville;  received  flesh  wound  in  the 
hip  at  Shiloh;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
August  15,  1865;  has  been  post  commander  of  Ed  Hamlin  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Wellham,  Iowa;  special  mustering  officer  and  aid-de-camp  to  depart 
ment  commander,  and  aid-de-camp  to  Commander-in-Chief  S.  S.  Burdett; 
is  at  present  post  commander  of  Hume's  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  What  Cheer, 
la.,  his  place  of  residence. 

J.   B.  PEARSON. 

Was  born  in  Quincy,  Adams  County,  Ills. ;  is  a  printer  by  trade. 
Enlisted  in  1862  in  the  ist  Infantry  of  Washington  Territory,  and  served 
as'a  private  and  ist  sergeant;  was  honorably  discharged  in  1864.  Comrade 
Pearson  is  a  member  of  William  H.  Seward  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Woodland, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

WM.  P.   MANNEN. 

Is  a  native  of  Callaway  County,  Mo. ;  was  born  May  20,  1830. 
Enlisted  in  Company  D,  loth  Missoiiri  Cavalry,  State  Militia,  March  i, 
1862,  and  shortly  after  was  transferred  to  Company  A,  Qth  Kansas  Cav 
alry;  was  on  the  southwestern  frontier  fighting  and  scouting  the  country 
for  guerrillas;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Iron  Mountain,  Mo.,  Febru 
ary  23,  1863,  on  account  of  disability.  Comrade  Mannen  has  been  a 
resident  of  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  since  1874;  was  twice  elected  city 
assessor,  and  at  present  is  deputy  sheriff  and  deputy  license  collector;  is  a 
member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino. 

GEORGE  W.    HANSON. 

Was  born  June  22,  1841,  in  New  Hampshire;  has  been  a  farmer,  mer 
chant,  and  manufacturer,  and  dealer  in  artificial  stone ;  is  at  present  engaged 
in  horticulture,  and  the  artificial  stone  business.  Enlisted  August  7,  1862, 
in  the  i3th  New  Hampshire  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached 
to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  gth  Army  Corps,  and  took  part  in  the  bat 
tles  at  Fredericksburg  and  Suffolk,  Va.;  wintered  at  Falmouth;  in  spring 
of  1863  proceeded  to  Fortress  Monroe;  thence  on  expedition  against  Gen 
eral  Fitzhugh  Lee  in  the  vicinity  of  Hanover  Court-house;  during  the 
summer  and  fall  of  1863  was  stationed  at  Norfolk,  and  guarded  and  pick 
eted  the  route  between  there  and  Suffolk;  was  constantly  exposed  to  attacks; 
often  engaged  in  skirmishes,  and  constantly  marching  and  countermarch 
ing,  and  enduring  the  hardships  and  privations  incident  to  the  service;  last 
battle  while  in  the  army  was  in  the  spring  of  1864  near  Suffolk;  was 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  4i:> 

shortly  afterwards  transferred  to  the  navy  and  assigned  to  duty  on  board 
the  U.  S.  steamer  Minnesota  at  Hampton  Roads;  was  subsequently  trans 
ferred  to  the  Florida,  and  finally  to  the  Quaker  City;  while  on  the  latter 
vessel  was  in  the  engagement  at  Fort  Fisher,  and  captured  five  blockade 
runners;  after  which  cruised  along  the  coast  of  Texas  and  Mexico  until 
the  close  of  the  war;  was  finally  mustered  out  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in 
July,  1865;  returned  to  his  home  in  New  Hampshire;  went  to  Minnesota 
in  the  spring  of  1866,  and  remained  there  until  1875,  when  he  came  to 
California  and  settled  in  San  Jose.  Comrade  Hanson  is  a  member  of  Phil 
Sheridan  Post,  G,  A.  R.,  with  headquarters  where  he  resides;  has  been 
quartermaster-sergeant  of  his  post. 

HENRY  F.   HUBBARD. 

Was  born  May  23,  1848,  in  Bloomfield,  .Hartford  County,  Conn.;  was 
raised  on  a  farm;  lived  in  Meriden,  Conn.,  for  a  number  of  years;  is  at 
present  a  street-car  driver.  Enlisted  August  29,  1864,  in  Company  H  of 
the  ist  Connecticut  Heavy  Artillery,  and  served  as  a  private;  took  part  in 
many  artillery  engagements  on  the  James  River;  was  attached  to  the  bat 
tery  that  fired  the  shell  that  blew  up  the  rebel  gunboat  Dewey  at  the  time 
the  fleet  of  rebel  rams  went  down  the  river;  was  honorably  discharged 
September  25,  1865;  in  July,  1867,  enlisted  in  the  U.  S.  Army,  served  for 
one  year  at  Bedlows  Island,  N.  Y.,  as  general  service  recruit;  was  then 
transferred  to  Company  G  of  the  23d  U.  S.  Infantry,  stationed  in  Wash 
ington  Ty.;  was  honorably  discharged  July  20,  1870;  came  to  California 
in  January7,  1875,  and  since  1876  has  been  a  street-car  driver  in  San 
Francisco.  Comrade  Hubbard  is  amember  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R., 
department  of  California. 

SAMUEL  B.  MANN. 

Was  born  April  20,  1844,  in  Mount  Pleasant,  la.  Was  a  farmer 
before  the  war,  and  is  and  has  been  a  teacher  since  the  war;  left  the  high 
school  to  enter  the  service.  Enlisted  December  7,  1861,  in  the  4th  Iowa 
Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  January 
4,  1865;  was  attached  to  the  i5th  and  I7th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the 
battles  at  Jackson,  Champion  Hills,  Black  River,  Vicksburg,  Canton,  Red » 
River  expedition,  and  the  siege  of  Blakely;  was  wounded  in  side  and  in 
head,  and  captured  near  Helena,  Ark.,  and  again  near  Alexandria,  La.; 
was  honorably  discharged  January  4,  1866;  was  orderly  for  General  Grant 
at  Vicksburg;  while  scouting  in  Yazoo  Valley,  after  the  surrender,  was 
accidently  wounded  on  the  head  by  a  comrade;  went  on  a  raid  to  Memphis 


416  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

from  Vicksburg  by  land  and  returned  by  steamer;  went  with  Sherman  to 
Meridian;  re-enlisted  as  a  veteran;  was  detailed  to  go  up  Red  River  with 
Banks  to  recruit  negroes  for  regiments  at  Vicksburg;  was  captured  thirty 
miles  below  Alexandria  on  board  the  La  Cross,  a  steamer  in  the  cotton 
trade,  but  not  until  after  a  midnight  fight  of  an  hoiir  and  a  quarter; 
deceived  Lieutenant  Lewis  of  the  ad  Louisiana  Cavalry  who  captured  him, 
by  telling  him  there  was  a  recent  agreement  between  the  two  armies,  by 
which  all  prisoners  were  to  be  paroled  on  the  field  of  battle,  hence  he  and 
thirteen  others  were  paroled  and  returned  to  Vicksburg;  for  services  as 
scout,  on  the  recommendation  of  General  McPherson,  was  promoted  to 
ist  lieutenant  in  the  48th  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry,  after  having  passed 
a  satisfactory  examination;  went  with  the  colored  troops  and  did  his  last 
fighting  in  the  charge  on  Fort  Blakely.  Comrade  Mann  is  a  member  of 
Patrick  Collins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Boise  City,  Idaho,  where  he  resides; 
has  been  chaplain  of  his  post. 

CHARLES  ASA  CLARK. 

Was  born  in  Hocking  County,  Ohio,  February  22,  1850;  at  the  out 
break  of  the  war  was  a  school-boy;  ran  away  from  home,  and  in  Septem 
ber,  1863,  when  only  thirteen  years  old,  enlisted  in  Company  I  of  the 
1 4th  Kansas  Cavalry  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  2d 
Division  of  the  7th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  many  hard  fought  battles 
during  the  campaign  to  Shreveport,  La. ,  and  in  the  chase  after  General 
Price  in  Missouri;  was  honorably  discharged  in  July,  1865;  came  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1883,  and  has  since  resided  in  Los  Angeles;  is  a  member  of 
Frank  Bartlett  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Los  Angeles. 


BENNETT   DEPENBROCK. 

Was  born  April  17,  1839,  in  Germany;  has  been  a  boot  and  shoe 
maker;  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  insurance  business.  Enlisted  April 
17,  1861,  in  the  8th  Indiana  Cavalry,  and  later  in  the  2d  Indiana  Cavalry; 
served  as  private,  chief  bugler,  2d  lieutenant,  ist  lieutenant,  and  captain 
of  Company  C  in  the  second  enlistment,  commissions  bearing  dates  of 
June  30,  1863,  and  November  17,  1864;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Rich  Mountain,  Shiloh,  and  all 
the  minor  engagements  with  General  Nelson;  during  Buell's  retreat,  was 
in  the  advance  for  twenty-one  days  from  McMinville,  Tenn. ,  to  Elizabeth- 
town,  Ky.;  took  part  in  the  battle  at  Perry ville,  Ky.,  and  the  cavalry 
engagements  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  at  the  battle  of  Galitan 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  417 

made  his  escape  at  the  same  time  the  ad  Indiana  Cavalry  got  away;  the 
rest  of  the  command  surrendered;  at  Stone  River  saved  Colonel  Minty 
from  capture  by  providing  him  with  a  horse;  was  at  Chickamauga  and  in 
all  the  cavalry  fights  leading  up  to  it;  during  the  Atlanta  campaign  took 
eleven  officers  prisoners  with  a  detail  of  five  men  while  on  patrol  duty ; 
while  in  command  as  2d  lieutenant,  July  30,  1864,  and  on  a  raid  to  take 
Macon,  Ga.,  and  Andersonville  Prison,  was  himself  taken  prisoner;  was 
exchanged  September  3Oth  the  same  year;  his  regiment  having  been  dis 
banded,  took  command  of  some  recruits;  was  in  the  fight  at  Hopkinsville 
and  followed  the  enemy  to  Elizabethtown;  from  there  went  to  Waterloo, 
Ala. ;  in  all,  took  part  in  thirty-seven  battles,  skirmishes,  etc.  Comrade 
Depenbrock  is  a  member  of  J.  E.  Chandler  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Salem,  111., 
where  he  resides;  has  been  commander  and  chaplain  of  his  post. 

HENRY  T.    SNYDER. 

Was  born  in  Rogersville,  Ohio,  August  2,  1845;  nas  been  engaged 
in  railroading;  is  at  present  a  dry  goods  merchant.  Enlisted  in  Company 
D,  4th  Iowa  Infantry,  July  6, -1861;  served  as  private,  corporal,  and  ser 
geant;  received  honorary  commission  as  lieutenant  when  discharged;  was 
attached  to  the  I5th  Army  Corps,  and  was  in  the  battles  of  Pea  Ridge, 
Yazoo  River,  Arkansas  Post,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Lookout  Mountain,  Mis 
sion  Ridge;  participated  in  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea,  and  the  grand 
review  at  Washington;  had  his  legs  injured  in  a  wreck  on  the  Baltimore  & 
Ohio  Railroad  on  the  way  home;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service 
at  Louisville,  Ky.,  August  i,  1865;  is  senior  vice-commander  in  G.  A.  R., 
and  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  No.  42,  at  Ogden, 
Utah,  his  place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM  TECUMSEH  SHERMAN. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Lancaster,  Ohio,  February  8,  1820.  His 
father,  who  had  been  prominent  as  a  lawyer  and  had  attained  at  an  early 
age  the  position  of  judge  of  the  Supreme  Coiirt  of  the  State,  dying  sud 
denly  of  cholera  in  1829,  left  a  large  family  unprovided  for.  Hon.  Thomas 
Ewing,  the  distinguished  Ohio  statesman  and  lawyer,  adopted  the  future 
general,  brought  him  up  in  his  own  family,  gave  him  a  good  academic 
education  and  being  at  the  time  a  member  of  Congress,  with  the  power  of 
such  appointment,  sent  him  as  a  cadet  to  the  military  academy  at  West 
Point.  When  young  Sherman  entered  in  June,  1836,  he  was  sixteen  years 
and  four  months  old.  He  took  high  rank  in  his  class,  a  portion  of  the 

•2  B 


41  s  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

time  standing  in  the  star  numbers — the  designation  of  the  first  five  of 
each  class.  He  was  sixth  in  number  on  graduating  in  June,  1840;  com 
missioned  2d  lieutenant,  3d  U.  S.  Artillery,  July  i,  1840;  promoted  to  ist 
lieutenant  November  30,  1841;  served  in  Florida  until  March,  1842,  and 
participated  in  several  expeditions  against  the  Seminole  Indians;  was  on 
duty  at  Fort  Morgan,  Mobile  Bay,  Fort  Moultrie,  Charleston  harbor,  and 
when  the  Mexican  War  broke  out  on  recruiting  service  at  Pittsburg, 
Pa.;  applied  for  active  service,  but  was  sent  with  a  company  of  artillery, 
commanded  by  Captain  C.  Q.  Tompkins,  around  Cape  Horn  to  California, 
arriving  at  Monterey  in  the  spring  of  1847;  was  acting  assistant  adjutant- 
general  to  General  Stephen  W.  Kearny,  while  the  latter  commanded  the 
Department  of  California,  and  afterwards  aid-de-camp  to  General  Persifor 
F.  Smith;  brevetted  captain,  May  30,  1848,  "for  meritorious  services  in 
California  during  the  war  with  Mexico;"  appointed  captain  commissary 
subsistence  department  September  27,  1850;  resigned  September  6,  1853, 
and  engaged  in  the  banking  business  in  San  Francisco  until  1857; 
appointed  by  the  governor,  Major-General  of  the  California  State  Militia, 
which  he  resigned  in  1856;  for  two  years  practiced  lawatLeavenworth,  Kas. ; 
in  1859  became  superintendent  of  the  Louisiana  Military  Academy,  which 
position  he  retained  until  January  18,  1861,  when,  foreseeing  the  intention 
of  Louisiana  to  withdraw  from  the  Federal  Union,  he  notified  the  governor 
that  he  would  not  remain,  saying  in  his  letter  of  resignation,  "  For  on  no 
earthly  account  will  I  do  any  act  or  think  any  thought  hostile  to  or  in 
defiance  of  the  old  Government  of  the  United  States. ' '  Captain  Sherman 
at  once  returned  to  St.  Louis,  became  interested  in  street  railroad  matters 
and  was  made  president  of  one  of  the  lines.  About  the  time  of  the  inau 
guration  of  President  Lincoln  he  went  to  Washington  and  endeavored  to 
impress  his  views  of  the  situation  upon  the  President  and  members  of 
his  Cabinet,  but  unsuccessfully.  The  terrible  Civil  War  which  ensued 
was  not  at  that  time  foreseen  by  those  in  authority.  The  secession  move 
ment  it  was  asserted  would  be  ended  in  ninety  days.  When  the  call  for 
75,000  volunteers  for  three  months  was  issued,  Sherman  denounced  it  as 
unwise.  He  said :  u  You  might  as  well  attempt  to  put  out  the  flames  of  a 
burning  house  with  a  squirt-gun;  you  are  sleeping  on  a  volcano;  you 
want  to  organize  the  whole  military  power  of  the  North  for  a  desperate 
struggle. ' ' 

He  applied  for  the  position  of  chief  clerk  of  the  War  Department, 
but  failed,  as  he  did  also  when  he  sought  the  quartermaster-generalship 
made  vacant  by  the  resignation  of  Jos.  E.  Johnston  to  accept  a  general's 
commission  in  the  Confederate  service.  President  Lincoln,  on  the  addi 
tion  of  eleven  regiments  to  the  Regular  Army,  appointed  Sherman  colonel 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  419 

of  one  of  them — the  i3th  Infantry — May  14,  1861.  He  commanded  a  bri 
gade  at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Rim;  his  excellent  conduct  on  this  occasion 
attracted  attention,  and,  at  the  request  of  the  Ohio  congressional  delega 
tion,  he  was  made  brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  his  commission,  though 
issued  in  August,  was,  like  many  others,  dated  back  to  May  17,  1861.  At 
the  request  of  General  Robert  Anderson,  commanding  the  Department  of 
Kentucky,  was  sent  to  serve  under  him,  and  on  the  retirement  of  that 
officer,  on  account  of  ill-health,  rose  by  seniority  to  the  control  of  the 
department;  was  relieved  from  command,  in  consequence  of  a  disagreement 
with  the  Secretary  of  War  as  to  the  number  of  troops  required  in  Ken 
tucky,  and  sent  to  Benton  Barracks  to  instruct  recruits.  When  the  expe 
dition  up  the  Tennessee  was  organized  Sherman  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  a  division  in  it;  was  on  the  front  line  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh 
and  received  the  first  attack  of  the  enemy;  was  slightly  wounded  in  the 
hand  and  had  three  horses  shot  under  him.  General  Halleck,  then  the 
senior  officer  in  the  West,  reported  to  the  Government  that  "General 
Sherman  saved  the  fortunes  of  the  day  on  the  6th  (April,  1862),  and  con 
tributed  largely  to  the  glorious  victory  of  the  yth."  He  accordingly 
recommended  his  promotion  to  major-general  of  volunteers,  and  he  was 
thus  commissioned  May  i,  1862.  Served  under  General  Grant  in  all  of  his 
subsequent  operations  in  the  Mississippi  Valley  and  Tennessee  until  that 
general,  by  virtue  of  his  promotion  to  lieutenant-general  and  commander- 
in -chief,  took  personal  charge  of  the  movements  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  in  the  Virginia  campaign.  Succeeded  General  Grant  in  the 
command  in  the  West;  appointed  brigadier-general  in  the  Regular  Army 
July  4,  1863.  The  thanks  of  Congress  and  of  the  people  of  the  United 
States  were  tendered  to  Major-General  W.  T.  Sherman  and  the  officers  and 
soldiers  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  by  joint  resolution,  approved  Feb 
ruary  19,  1864,  for  their  gallant  and  arduous  service  in  marching  to  the 
relief  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  for  their  gallantry  and  hero 
ism  in  the  battle  of  Chattanooga,  which  contributed  in  a  great  degree  to 
that  glorious  victory.  Appointed  major-general  U.  S.  Army  August  12, 

1864,  "for   gallant   and    distinguished    services   as    commander    of   the 
Mississippi  division  in  the  conduct  of  the  campaign  in  Georgia."     The 
thanks    of    the    people    and    the    Congress   of  the    United    States   were 
again   tendered    to    Major-General    W.    T.     Sherman    and    the    officers 
and  soldiers  of  his  command,  by  joint  resolution,  approved  January  10, 

1865,  for  their  gallantry  and  good  conduct  in  their  late  campaign  from 
Chattanooga  to  Atlanta  and  the  triumphal  march  thence  through  Georgia 
to  Savannah,  terminating  in  the  capture  and  occupation  of  that  city. 

On  the  creation  by  Congress  of  the  office  of  general  as  an  apprecia 
tion   of  the  distinguished  services  of  Lieutenant-General  Grant,  and  his 


420  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

being  commissioned  as  such,  Major-General  Sherman  was  promoted  to  the 
vacancy,  becoming  lieutenant-general  July  25,  1866,  and  general  March 
4,  1869,  the  day  General  Grant  became  President  of  the  United  States. 
Retired  on  account  of  age  February  8,  1884;  is  a  member  of  Ransom 
Post,  No.  131,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  his  place  of  residence;  is  also 
a  member  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  commandery  of  Missouri,  and  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  2oth  national  encampment  which  met  at  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
in  August,  1886. 

JOHN   J.    PEARD. 

Was  born  September  15,  1843,  in  Genesee  County,  N.  Y. ;  has  been 
a  farmer;  is  at  present  engaged  in  horticulture.  Enlisted  in  the  fall  of 
1862  in  the  22d  New  York  Independent  Battery;  was  subsequently  trans 
ferred  to  the  gth  New  York  Heavy  Artillery;  served  as  private,  corporal, 
sergeant,  and  2d  lieutenant;  commission  issued  in  August,  1865;  was 
attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  6th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in 
the  battles  at  North  Anna,  Cold  Harbor,  Bermuda  Hundred,  Petersburg, 
Weldon  Railroad,  and  Monocacy;  was  honorably  discharged  in  November, 
1865;  during  earlier  part  of  service  and  until  May,  1864,  was  stationed  in 
the  defenses  of  Washington;  after  North  Anna  was  continuously  in  the 
field,  participating  in  many  minor  engagements  and  skirmishes,  and  gen 
erally  enduring  all  the  hardships  and  privations  of  the  soldier  in  the  field; 
was  finally  promoted  for  meritorious  services;  was  never  sick  or  absent 
from  duty;  participated  in  the  pursuit  of  Lee's  army,  and  harassed  and 
engaged  them  up  to  the  surrender  of  Appomattox;  had  a  brother  in  the 
army  who  was  captured  and  finally  died  in  Libby  Prison;  after  the  war 
lived  on  a  farm  until  1873;  came  to  California,  and  has  been  engaged  in 
farming  and  horticulture  since  then.  Comrade  Peard  is  a  member  of  Phil 
Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  with  headquarters  at  his  place  of  residence;  has 
been  officer  of  the  guard,  officer  of  the  day,  junior  vice-commander,  senior 
vice-commander,  and  commander  of  his  post. 


FRANCIS    LE   CHEVALLIER. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  26,  1840;  has  been  a  sailor, 
both  in 'merchant  service  and  U.  S.  Navy;  is  at  present  a  teamster. 
Entered  the  U.  S.  Navy  July  7,  1861;  attached  to  Washington  Navy  Yard, 
Fort  Ellsworth,  and  Mississippi  squadron  on  gunboats  Essex,  Pittsbnrg, 
and  Indianola;  served  as  seaman  and  petty  officer,  and  was  appointed  act 
ing  master's  mate  June  20,  1863;  was  attached  to  the  U.  S.  Steamer  Mari 
gold  June  27,  1863;  was  in  battles  of  Fort  Henry,  Fort  Donelson, 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  421 

Columbus,  Fort  Pillow,  Island  No.  10,  Memphis,  Fort  Charles,  and  other 
engagements;  was  wounded  at  Fort  Pillow,  and  captured  at  the  battle 
between  the  Indianola  and  the  Queen  of  the  West  off  Grand  Gulf  January 
24,  1863;  was  taken  to  Vicksburg  jail,  thence  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  where  he 
was  kept  fifty-two  days,  thence  to  Libby  Prison  and  Thunder  Castle;  was 
finally  paroled  in  June,  1863;  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Key 
West,  Fla.,  July  7,  1864;  shortly  afterward  joined  the  U.  S.  transport 
Alliance  at  Philadelphia  as  first  officer,  and  carried  troops  to  Fortress 
Monroe.  First  shipped  in  the  U.  S.  Navy  in  March,  1858,  and  was  in  the 
naval  engagement  off  Green  Island  in  1859,  when  two  Spanish  prizes  were 
taken;  has  been  officer  of  guard,  officer  of  the  day,  senior  vice-commander 
and  junior  vice-commander  of  his  post,  and  is  at  present  a  member  of 
Lincoln  Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  his  place  of 
residence. 

R.  ~H.    WARFIELD. 

Was  born  in  Rushville,  Yates  County,  N.  Y.,  June  15,  1843;  with 
his  parents,  when  he  was  eleven  years  of  age,  he  removed  to  Rochester, 
N.  Y.,  where  he  entered  one  of  the  public  schools;  passed  through  all 
the  grades,  graduating  from  the  high  school,  winning  the  first  of  the  three 
prize  scholarships  and  delivering  the  valedictory  in  Latin;  immediately 
entered  the  University  of  Rochester,  from  which  he  was  graduated  with 
honors,  receiving  the  degree  of  bachelor  of  arts;  his  first  military  experi 
ence  was  with  the  Rochester  Battery,  attached  to  the  25th  Brigade  of  the 
National  Guard  of  the  State  of  New  York,  during  the  draft  riots  in  Albany, 
Troy,  and  New  York  city  in  July,  1863;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Com 
pany  L,  5oth  Regiment,  New  York  Volunteer  Engineers,  in  December, 
1863;  this  was  one  of  the  veteran  regiments,  it  having  been  with  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  since  1861;  in  March,  1864,  he  was  commissioned 
a  2d-  lieutenant,  and  December  of  the  same  year  was  promoted  to  ist  lieu 
tenant;  participated  with  his  regiment  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania,  North  Anna,  Cold  Harbor,  Petersburg,  etc.,  down  to  the 
surrender  of  Lee  at  Appomattox;  when  mustered  out  of  the  service  at 
the  termination  of  the  war,  on  his  return  home  with  the  regiment,  he 
was  unanimously  tendered  the  captaincy  of  Company  K,  54th  Regiment, 
National  Guard  of  the  State  of  New  York,  which  commission  he  accepted, 
remaining  with  the  company  until  leaving  Rochester  for  California.  Com 
rade  Warfield  was  a  charter  member  of  Post  No.  i,  G.  A.  R. ,  Department  of 
New  York,  and  is  probably  the  oldest  member  of  the  California  comrades; 
is  also  a  companion  of  the  California  commandery,  Military  Order  Loyal 
Legion  of  the  United  States,  and  a  member  of  the  Society  of  the  Army 


of  the  Potomac.  Captain  Warfield  is  a  resident  of  Healdsburg,  Sonoma 
County,  Cal. ;  he  is,  and  has  been  since  1877,  the  cashier  of  the  Fanners'  and 
Mechanics'  Bank,  and  is  a  member  of  Rod  Matheson  Post,  No.  16,  G.  A.  R. , 
at  that  place.  He  was  junior  vice-commander  of  the  department  of  Cali 
fornia,  G.  A.  R.  ,in  1882,  senior  vice-commander  in  1883,  and  department 
commander  in  1885;  this  latter  year  saw  the  largest  increase  in  the  depart 
ment,  both  in  new  posts  and  membership,  that  it  ever  had,  and  to  the 
untiring  labors  of  the  department  commander  was  principally  due  the 
good  feeling  and  enthusiasm  that  were  continually  kept  up.  While  holding 
this  position  comrade  Warfield  attended  the  nineteenth  national  encamp 
ment,  which  met  at  Portland,  Me.,  in  June,  1885,  and  with  his  delegation 
secured  the  passage  of  the  resolution  making  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  the 
place  of  holding,  in  August,  1886,  the  twentieth  national  encampment. 

MANASSES   MONROE   FLORY. 

Was  born  in  Rockingham  County,  Va.,  April  9,  1834,  and  is  a  car 
penter  and  builder;  moved  to  Iowa,  and  was  employed  at  his  trade  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  War  of  the  Rebellion.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  5th  Iowa 
Volunteer  Infantry,  July  3,  1861 ;  served  as  a  private  and  sergeant;  belonged 
to  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee;  was  in  the  battles  of  luka,  second  Corinth, 
and  other  engagements;  taken  prisoner  at  Holly  Springs,  Miss.,  while  in 
convalescent  hospital,  but  released  next  day  by  retreat  of  enemy;  appointed 
chief  clerk  in  Webster  Hospital,  Memphis,  Tenn.,  in  April,  1864;  honor 
ably  discharged  July  3,  1864,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Came  to  California  in  1875.  Comrade  Flory  joined  Win.  H.  Long  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence,  now  known  as 
W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  the  name  being  changed  in  consequence  of  the 
decision  of  the  national  encampment  that  a  post  cannot  be  named  after  any 
one  living. 

GEORGE  F.  QUINN. 

Was  born  June  22,  1832;  is  a  painter  by  trade;  since  the  war  has 
been  in  Government  employ  as  watchman  at  the  Mare  Island  Navy  Yard, 
where  ho,  resides  at  present.  Enlisted  August  27,  1862,  in  Company  A 
of  the  1 55th  New  York  Battalion,  at  Buffalo;  was  at  once  appointed  ist 
sergeant  of  his  company,  and  shortly  afterward  sergeant-major;  served  as 
color-sergeant  of  the  same  regiment;  was  afterward  ist  sergeant  of  Company 
I;  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  of  Company  K,  April  13,  1864,  and 
ist  lieutenant  November  23d  of  the  same  year;  was  attached  to  the  2d 
Brigade,  2d  Division,  2d  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  engagements  at 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  423 

Deserted  House,  siege  of  Suffolk,  Edenton  Road,  Franklin,  Spottsylvania 
Court-house,  North  Anna,  Tolopotomy,  Cold  Harbor,  Petersburg,  Deep 
Bottom,  and  Reams'  Station;  in  the  latter  engagement  was  shot  in  the  right 
arm,  and  so  severely  wounded  as  to  render  amputation  necessary;  was  pre 
viously  wounded  in  the  left  hip;  was  honorably  discharged  March  6,  1865, 
on  account  of  disability,  the  result  of  wounds  received  as  above  stated. 
Comrade  Quinn  is  a  member  of  Farragut  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Vallejo,  Cal. 


HARRISON    H.    GUTHRIE. 

Was  born  in  Brandonville,  Preston  County,  Va.,  April  17,  1863,  and 
is  a  physician  and  surgeon;  was  a  medical  student  at  the  outbreak  of  the 
war.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  67th  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry,  June  2, 
1862;  served  as  a  private;  was  unattached  to  any  corps  or  brigade;  ordered 
after  enlistment  at  Rockford,  Ills.,  to  Camp  Douglas,  near  Chicago,  where 
the  regiment  was  detailed  as  prison  guard  during  its  term  of  service;  was 
detailed  as  clerk  in  the  office  of  the  post  surgeon;  honorably  discharged 
September  27,  1862;  continued  his  medical  studies  at  Rush  Medical  Col 
lege,  Chicago,  graduating  in  1863;  appointed  hospital  steward  in  the  City 
General  Hospital  of  Chicago,  then  used  by  the  Government  as  a  military 
hospital;  served  in  this  capacity  six  months;  then  moved  to  St.  Charles, 
Minn.,  where  he  was  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  until  1881, 
when  he  removed  to  San  Bernardino,  Cal. ,  where  he  at  present  resides  and 
practices.  Comrade  Guthrie  was  a  charter  member  and  an  ex-post  com 
mander  of  the  late  G.  A.  R.  post  at  St.  Charles,  Minn.,  serving  two  terms 
as  commander  and  one  as  post  surgeon;  is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman 
Post,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal. 


E.  A.  LUDWICK. 

Was  born  April  8,  1836,  in  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  and  is  a  minister;  is  at 
present  a  chaplain  to  seamen.  Enlisted  August  29,  1862,  in  ii2th  New 
York  Infantry;  was  commissioned  captain  October  27,  1862,  major,  August 
13,  1863,  lieutenant-colonel,  December  20,  1864,  and  colonel,  January  31, 
1865;  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  March  13,  1865;  took  part  in  the 
battles  of  Deserted  House,  Black  Water  River,  Cassville,  Hanover  Junc 
tion,  Fort  Wagner,  Bermuda  Hundred,  Drewry's  Bluff,  Cold  Harbor,  Peters 
burg,  and  New  Market  Heights;  lost  his  arm  in  the  latter  engagement; 
was  a  major,  but  in  command  at  the  time;  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel 
for  gallant  services  on  that  occasion;  after  recovery  from  wound,  returned 
to  his  regiment  and  served  as  lieutenant-colonel  and  finally  as  colonel. 


424  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Brought  his  regiment  home,  and  was  mustered  out  of  service  June  13,  1865. 
Served  two  years  as  pastor  of  the  First  M.  E.  Church,  of  Dunkirk,  N.  Y.; 
in  1867  was  appointed  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Governor  Fen  ton  of 
New  York,  and  had  charge  of  the  New  York  Home  for  Disabled  Soldiers; 
afterwards  had  command  of  the  National  Soldiers'  Home  at  Augusta,  Me., 
and  was  for  three  years  chaplain  of  the  Soldiers'  Home  at  Milwaukee, 
Wis. ;  subsequently  made  a  tour  around  the  world,  arriving  in  San  Francisco 
in  1875;  and  for  the  last  seven  years  has  been  chaplain  to  seamen,  under 
the  auspices  of  the  Ladies'  Seaman's  Friend  Society  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  Comrade  Ludwick  is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  his  place  of  residence;  has  been  chaplain  of  his  post. 


CHARLES  A.   KIRKPATRICK. 

Was  born  in  Pike  County,  Mo.,  and  is  a  physician  and  surgeon;  was 
commissioned  assistant  surgeon,  3d  California  Infantry,  October  15,  1861, 
and  mustered  out  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service,  November  i, 
1864;  appointed  surgeon  8th  California  Infantry  February  i,  1865,  and  mus 
tered  out  with  regiment  in  October  of  same  year;  was  present  at  the  action 
of  Hasch's  Run;  during  most  of  his  army  service  was  on  duty  in  the  mili 
tary  department  of  California.  Dr.  Kirkpatrick  is  a  member  of  George 
H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  in  San  Francisco,  Cal..  where  he  resides,  and 
is  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession. 


ALONZO   S.   DAVIDSON. 

Was  born  in  Stow,  Middlesex  County,  Mass.,  February  19,  1841;  has 
been  a  merchant  and  farmer;  is  at  present  proprietor  of  the  Clinton  Ranche 
House  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal. ;  was  engaged  in  mercantile  business  in 
Clinton,  Worcester  County,  Mass.,  at  the  commencement  of  the  war. 
Enlisted  in  Company  G,  36th  Massachusetts  Infantry  Volunteers,  August  2, 
1862;  served  as  a  private,  sergeant,  and  sergeant-major;  commissioned  2d 
lieutenant  August  2,  1863,  ist  lieutenant,  April  24,  1864,  and  captain,  June 
23,  1864;  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  gth  Army  Corps;  took 
part  in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  Blue  Spring,  Campbell's  Sta 
tion,  siege  of  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Jackson,  Miss.,  The 
Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Petersburg,  Weldon  Rail 
road,  and  Appomattox;  was  in  the  grand  review  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
at  Washington  city;  honorably  discharged  from  service  June  8,  1865; 
wounded  at  The  Wilderness  by  a  bullet  in  left  hand,  and  at  Cold  Harbor 
in  left  leg,  but  remained  on  duty  until  close  of  action  in  both  instances. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  425 

Returned  to  mercantile  business  at  Clinton,  Mass. ,  where  he  remained  until 
1880,  when  he  removed  to  San  Bernardino,  Cal. ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Selectmen  at  Clinton,  Mass.,  and  served  a  term  as  assessor. 
Comrade  Davidson  was  a  charter  member  of  E.  D.  Baker  Post,  No.  64, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Clinton,  department  of  Massachusetts,  and,  the  first  two  years 
of  its  organization,  post  commander;  is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post 
at  San  Bernardino. 

CYRUS  C.   CASE. 

Was  born  in  Monmouth,  Kennebec  County,  Me.,  November  14,  1846; 
his  occupations  have  been  bank  clerk,  farmer,  and  at  present  merchant. 
Enlisted  in  August,  1861,  being  then  but  fourteen  years  of  age;  was  at 
first  rejected  by  mustering  officer,  but  soon  after  passed  by  the  examining 
surgeon,  and  mustered  into  Company  F,  8th  Maine  Infantry  Volunteers; 
joined  the  regiment  at  Port  Royal,  S.  C.;  was  on  duty  in  the  Department 
of  the  South  until  1864,  and  was  then  transferred  to  the  Army  of  the 
James;  served  as  a  private  and  sergeant-major;  belonged  to  the  loth  Army 
Corps,  the  i8th  Corps,  and  finally  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  24th 
Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  Fort  Pulaski,  Ga. , 
Pocotaligo,  S.  C. ,  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  Bermuda  Hundred,  Va.,  Swift  Creek, 
and  Fort  Darling,  on  Drewry's  Bluff;  at  the  last-named  battle,  May  16, 
1864,  was  severely  wounded  through  the  lower  jaw,  and  in  the  neck,  by 
a  minie-ball;  was  thought,  at  first  examination,  to  be  mortally  wounded; 
after  partially  regaining  his  strength  joined  the  Veteran  Reserve  Corps, 
and  was  mustered  out  in  November,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  Stanton  Post; 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  where  he  resides,  and  is  engaged  in  busi 
ness. 

A.  W.  McCORMICK. 

Was  born  February  3,  1830,  in  Waynesburg,  Pa. ;  has  been  an  editor, 
lawyer,  and  judge  of  probate  court;  is  at  present  a  lawyer  and  pension 
attorney.  Enlisted  October  21,  1861,  in  the  77th  Ohio  Infantry  and 
served  as  captain  of  Company  G,  commission  bearing  date  of  December 
31,  1861;  was  attached  to  the  i3th  and  i4th  Army  Corps;  was  brevetted 
major  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  and 
lieutenant-colonel  for  gallantry  at  the  battle  of  Marks'  Mills;  took  part 
in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Fallen  Timbers,  Marks'  Mills,  and  skirmishes  at 
Spoonville,  Little  Missouri,  Okolona,  Prairie  de  Aime,  etc.;  had  right 
arm  broken  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh  by  gunshot  wound;  was  captured  the 
same  day,  and  held  as  a  prisoner  for  six  months;  was  again  captured  at 
Marks'  Mills,  and  imprisoned  for  ten  months;  made  his  escape  from  Camp 


426  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Ford  military  prison  with  six  other  officers;  while  proceeding  northward 
was  recaptured  by  bloodhounds  and  cavalry;  was  honorably  discharged 
March  12,  1865.  Comrade  McCormick  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  at  Marietta, 
Ohio,  in  1867,  and  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1879;  was  Post  commander  of 
Marietta  Post,  and  is  at  present  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  of  Cin 
cinnati,  Ohio,  where  he  resides. 


JAMES  R.  HARDENBERGH. 

Was  born  April  19,  1842,  at  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.;  has  been  a  gov 
ernment  clerk;  is  at  present  clerk  in  the  mailing-room  of  the  San  Fran 
cisco  post-office;  was  educated  at  the  Peekskill  Military  Academy,  N.  Y. 
Enlisted  August  31,  1862,  in  the  ist  Washington  Territory  Infantry,  and 
served  as  ist  and  2d  lieutenant  of  regulars  and  volunteers;  commissions 
dating  as  follows:  2d  lieutenant  Company  G,  ist  Regiment,  Washington 
Territory  Infantry,  August  31,  1862;  2d  lieutenant  Company  E,  2d  Regi 
ment,  California  Cavalry,  May  22,  1865;  2d  lieutenant  Company  D,  gth 
U.  S.  Infantry,  June  2,  1866;  ist  lieutenant  Company  B,  gth  U.  S.  Infantry, 
June  2,  1867;  ist  lieutenant  Company  E,  9th  U.  S.  Infantry,  July  7,  1869; 
ist  lieutenant  Company  D,  gth  U.  S.  Infantry,  August  i,  1870;  served  in 
the  departments  of  the  Pacific  and  the  Platte;  was  in  the  Indian  fight, 
July  15,  1866,  near  Camp  Cody  in  Arizona,  in  which  battle  was  slightly 
wounded  in  right  leg  by  an  arrow;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the 
service  September  7,  1870.  Comrade  Hardenbergh  is  a  member  of  Lincoln 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


B.   F.   CRARY. 

Was  born  in  Jennings  County,  Ind.,  December  12,  1821,  and  has  been 
a  Methodist  minister  since  1845;  is  a  doctor  of  divinity  and  at  present  the 
editor  of  the  California  Christian  Advocate,  published  in  San  Francisco. 
Enlisted  May  i,  1862,  in  3d  Minnesota  Infantry,  and  was  commissioned 
chaplain  of  regiment  May  4,  1862;  was  present  at  the  battles  before 
Corinth  and  its  capture,  and  at  Murfreesboro;  served  under  General  Pope 
at  Corinth,  to  which  command  he  had  been  sent  by  Governor  Alexander 
Ramsey  to  assist  and  look  after  the  welfare  of  the  soldiers  from  Minnesota; 
from  thence  proceeded  to  Murfreesboro  to  join  his  regiment;  when  the 
place  was  taken  by  the  rebel  general  Forrest  on  July  12,  1862,  and  his 
regiment  made  prisoners,  the  officers  were  sent  to  Libby  Prison  at  Rich 
mond,  Va. ,  and  the  enlisted  men  paroled.  Chaplain  Crary  escaped  by  wear 
ing  a  surgeon's  scarf  and  assisting  in  taking  care  of  the  wounded  of  both 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  427 

sides,  for  which  purpose  the  Union  surgeons  were  left  unmolested;  accom 
panied  the  paroled  men  to  Benton  Barracks  at  St.  Louis,  and  afterwards 
to  Minnesota  in  the  campaign  against  the  Sioux  Indians  in  the  fall  of 
1862;  on  his  return,  in  January,  1863,  was  sent  to  General  Asboth's  com 
mand  up  the  Tennessee  River;  was  detailed  by  that  officer  as  superinten 
dent  of  ' '  contrabands. "  By  order  of  General  Grant,  organized  and  drilled  the 
able-bodied  men,  the  companies  thus  formed  constituting  the  ist  Tennessee 
Heavy  Artillery,  which  was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  river  forts;  was  ren 
dered  deaf  by  the  concussion  of  cannon,  and  in  consequence  of  physical 
disability  resigned  his  commission  and  was  honorably  discharged  in  July, 
1863,  at  Columbus,  Ky. ;  returned  to  his  home  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  and  in 
the  summer  and  fall,  at  the  request  of  the  Governor  of  the  State,  visited 
the  hospitals  on  the  Mississippi  from  Keokuk,  la.,  to  Memphis,  Tenn., 
to  inquire  into  the  wants  of  the  sick  and  wounded  soldiers.  In  May,  1864, 
was  elected  editor  of  the  Central  Christian  Advocate,  published  at  St. 
Louis,  Mo.  At  the  time  of  the  rebel  general  Price's  raid  in  Missouri,  was 
enrolled  for  service  in  the  trenches,  in  case  the  city  was  attacked.  Is  a 
member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
his  place  of  residence. 

JOHN   J/  WHITNEY. 

Was  born  in  Chemung  County,  N.  Y.,  February  25,  1843;  ^as  been 
a  contractor  and  builder.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  5th  New  York  Heavy 
Artillery,  August  13,  1862;  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  8th 
Army  Corps;  participated  in  Hunter's  raid  up  Shenandoah  Valley,  and 
was  in  the  battles  of  Piedmont,  Lynchburg,  Winchester,  and  many  other 
engagements;  was  wounded  three  times;  once  by  a  bayonet  while  carrying 
a  wounded  comrade  off  the  field;  in  1864  was  attached  to  quartermaster's 
department  at  Harper's  Ferry,  and  served  as  clerk  till  June  28,  1865,  when 
he  was  honorably  discharged  from  service;  is  a  member  and  aid-de-camp 
of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  his 
place  of  residence. 

EDWARD   M.    CANNON. 

Was  born  in  Monmouth,  Warren  County,  Ills.,  May  5,  1842;  his  occu 
pations  in  life  have  been  milling  and  commission  business,  also  that 
of  general  agent,  at  which  he  is  at  present  engaged;  was  a  student  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  war;  left  college  and  enlisted  in  Company  F,  i7th  Illinois 
Volunteer  Infantry,  May  25,  1861;  served  as  a  private;  on  the  organiza 
tion  of  corps  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  iyth  Army  Corps; 
was  in  the  battles  of  Fredericktown,  Mo. ,  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  siege  of 


428  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Vicksburg,  and  a  number  of  other  engagements;  at  Donelson  was  one  of 
two  men  who  escaped  unhurt  of  a  detail  of  sixty  men  from  the  lyth,  48th, 
and  49th  Illinois  Volunteers  (the  brigade  supporting  McAllister's  battery), 
engaged  in  digging  trenches  in  front  of  the  fort  and  under  fire  of  its  guns; 
honorably  discharged  at  Springfield,  Ills.,  June  4,  1864,  by  reason  of  expira 
tion  of  his  three  years'  term  of  service.  Came  to  California  in  1874,  and  is 
a  member  of  Appomattox  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Oakland,  Cal.,  his  place  of 
business  and  residence. 

JEREMIAH  D.  OUSTERHOUT. 

Was  born  in  Marengo,  Mich.,  March  17,  1837;  has  been  engaged  in 
wagon-making,  farming,  and  mining.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  ist  Cali 
fornia  Cavalry,  August,  1861;  served  as  a  private;  was  engaged  in  Indian 
warfare  during  period  of  enlistment,  participating  in  the  long  march  over 
the  mountains  via  Fort  Yuma,  through  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  to  Texas; 
was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Fort  Union,  N.  M.,  October  16, 
1864;  was  then  two  years  foreman  of  Government  wagon  shop  at  Fort 
Union;  is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San 
Bernardino,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


JOHN  D.   POTTER. 

Was  born  in  Washington  County,  N.  Y.,  May  20,  1826;  has  been  a 
carpenter.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  2d  Battalion,  Missouri  State  Militia, 
March,  1862;  before  enlistment  served  as  chief  of  scouts  and  guide,  and 
afterwards  as  a  private,  chiefly  on  scout  duty  between  Missouri  and  Arkan 
sas  rivers;  received  three  wounds  on  different  occasions  in  forehead,  shoul 
der,  and  leg  from  saber  and  bullets;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service 
at  St.  Louis,  1863;  removed  to  California  in  1864;  is  a  member  and 
ex-chaplain  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino, 
Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

JOSEPH  W.  MUFFLY. 

Was  born  in  Clinton  County,  Pa.,  July  n,  1840.  Enlisted  in  the 
i48th  Pennsylvania  Volunteers  in  August,  1862,  serving  in  the  4th  Bri 
gade,  ist  Division,  and  2d  Corps  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  as  ser 
geant-major,  and  adjutant  of  that  regiment,  and  later  acting  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  his  brigade,  being  commissioned  April  27,  1863,  by 
Governor  Curtin  of  Pennsylvania;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Chan- 
cellorsville,  Wilderness,  North  Anna,  Spottsylvania,  Cold  Harbor,  Mine 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  429 

Run,  Bristow,  Gettysburg',  Petersburg,  Deep  Bottom,  Reams'  Station,  and 
Po  River;  was  slightly  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Reams'  Station,  and  Po 
River;  was  honorably  discharged  on  account  of  disability  March  28,  1865. 
Comrade  Muffly  is  a  resident  of  Des  Moines,  la.,  where  he  is  engaged  in 
the  insurance  business.  Joined  Crocker  Post,  No.  12,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Des 
Moines,  March  14,  1884,  and  is  its  adjutant,  also  assistant  inspector-general 
of  the  department  of  Iowa  for  1886. 


HENRY   PAGE. 

Was  born  March  4,  1840,  in  Sharon,  Vt. ;  was  for  seven  years  treas 
urer  of  the  State  of  Arkansas,  five  years  a  soldier,  three  years  U.  S.  Indian 
agent,  one  year  member  of  the  Utah  Commission,  and  at  present  and  dur 
ing  the  past  three  years  clerk  to  the  Utah  Commission.  Enlisted  May  8, 
1861,  in  the  nth  Massachusetts  Infantry;  June  i3th,  was  appointed  quar 
termaster-sergeant,  and  in  September,  2d  lieutenant  of  Company  E,  for 
gallant  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run;  in  October,  1861,  was  assigned  to 
staff  duty  with  General  Hooker,  commanding  ist  Division  of  the  3d  Army 
Corps;  in  April,  1862,  while  on  the  Peninsula  was  assigned  to  duty  on  the 
staff  of  General  McClellan;  November  26,  1862,  was  appointed  captain  and 
assistant  quartermaster  for  gallant  services  at  the  battle  of  Antietam,  and 
was  assigned  to  duty  at  headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac;  in  1863  was 
again  on  the  staff  of  General  Hooker;  July  15,  1863,  was  assigned  to  duty 
as  division  quartermaster  of  Buford's  cavalry  division;  was  shortly  after 
ward  relieved  and  assigned  to  the  staff  of  General  Meade  at  headquar 
ters;  in  June,  1864,  was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  staff  corps  of  General 
Grant;  July  the  same  year  was  made  acting  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Cav 
alry  Corps  of  that  army,  staff  of  General  Sheridan;  July  n,  1864,  was 
appointed  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Cavalry  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
with  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel;  on  the  arrival  of  General  Sheridan  at 
Winchester,  in  1864,  was  appointed  acting  chief  quartermaster  of  the 
command,  including  the  Army  of  the  Shenandoah;  was  retired  in  Octo 
ber,  and  assigned  to  duty  as  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Cavalry  Corps, 
staff  of  General  Torbert;  November,  1864,  was  again  assigned  as  chief 
acting  quartermaster  of  the  Middle  Military  Division,  and  served  in  that 
capacity  under  the  command  of  General  Hancock  until  the  close  of  the 
war;  in  July,  1865,  was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  office  of  the  quartermaster- 
general  at  Washington;  March  13,  1865,  was  brevetted  major,  lieutenant- 
colonel,  and  colonel,  for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  during  the  war; 
in  November,  1865,  was  relieved  and  ordered  to  duty  as  depot  quarter 
master  at  Little  Rock,  Ark. ;  in  1866  was  made  chief  quartermaster  of  the 


430  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

department  of  Arkansas  and  Indian  Nation;  in  October,  the  same  year, 
was  relieved,  and  assigned  to  duty  as  disbursing  officer  of  the  Bureau  of 
Freedmen,  Department  of  Arkansas  and  Indian  Nation,  on  the  staff  of 
General  Ord,  and  April  25,  1867,  was  assigned  to  additional  duty  as  mili 
tary  treasurer  of  the  State  of  Arkansas;  was  honorably  mustered  out  of 
service  in  July,  1867,  after  over  six  years  of  continuous  and  varied  serv 
ice,  during  which  he  took  part  in  the  battles  of  first  Bull  Run,  Yorktown, 
Williamsburg,  seven  days  on  the  Peninsula,  South  Mountain,  Antietam, 
Gettysburg,  Wilderness,  Mine  Run,  Cold  Harbor,  Spottsylvania,  Peters 
burg,  Hall  Town,  Winchester,  Fisher's  Hill,  Cedar  Creek,  Waynesboro, 
and  numerous  cavalry  skirmishes;  was  twice  slightly  wounded,  and  once 
captured,  but  made  his  escape  shortly  afterward.  Comrade  Page  is  a 
member  of  James  B.  McKean  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
where  he  resides;  has  been  junior  vice-commander,  and  is  at  present 
inspector  of  his  post. 

GEORGE  W.    S.    PIERCE. 

Was  born  in  Jamestown,  Chatauqua  County,  N.  Y.,  January  9,  1844; 
has  been  an  engineer,  miner,  builder  and  contractor.  Enlisted  in  Com 
pany  D,  1 1 2th  New  York  Infantry,  July  31,  1862;  served  as  a  private;  was 
in  battle  of  Deserted  House  near  Suffolk,  Va. ,  and  several  minor  engage 
ments;  the  regiment  was  employed  in  fortifying  and  clearing  the  country 
of  guerrilla  and  cavalry  parties,  the  work  being  principally  in  the  Dismal 
Swamp  of  Virginia;  was  honorably  ^discharged  from  service  for  disability 
November  24,  1863;  is  a  member,  ex-sergeant-major,  of  W.  R.  Cornman 
Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


CHARLES   T.  HULL. 

Was  born  December  25,  1835,  in  Coventry,  Chenango  County,  N.  Y. ; 
had  but  few  educational  advantages  in  early  life;  was  a  steel  engraver 
before  the  war.  Enlisted  August  16,  1862,  in  Company  E,  of  the  i4ist 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  and  first  heard  the  sound  of  battle  at  the  second 
Bull  Run;  was  in  Kearny's  Division  of  the  3d  Army  Corps  at  Chantilly; 
was  in  every  engagement  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  after  the  battle  of 
Antietam;  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  his  regiment  suffered  very  heavy 
losses;  was  honorably  discharged  at  the  close  of  the  war,  and  is  at  present 
cashier  of  the  First  National  Bank  of  Athens,  Penn.  Comrade  Hull  was 
charter  member  of  Perkins  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  department  of  Pennsylvania; 
was  its  commander  for  seven  successive  years;  was  active  in  organizing 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  431 

posts  in  his  own  and  adjoining  counties;  in  1877  was  senior  vice-com 
mander  of  the  department,  and  the  following  year  was  elected  department 
commander;  dnring  his  administration  the  gain  in  membership  was  larger 
than  had  ever  been  known  before;  it  was  during  his  term  of  service  that  the 
semi-annual  encampments  on  the  battle-field  of  Gettysburg  were  instituted, 
and  which  have  since  been  kept  up  regularly.  He  has  attended  all  depart 
ment  and  many  national  encampments. 

WILLIAM  K.  GATES. 

Was  born  in  Blair  County,  Pa.,  March  4,  1847;  ^as  been  a  laborer, 
is  at  present  a  carpenter.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  55th  Pennsylvania 
Infantry,  February,  1864,  served  as  a  private;  attached  to  the  24th  Army 
Corps;  was  in  battles  of  Cold  Harbor,  Andersonville,  Savannah,  and 
Millen;  participated  in  Butler's  operations  at  Bermuda  Hundred,  where 
he  was  wounded  by  rifle-ball  in  left  foot;  was  captured  at  battle  of  Cold 
Harbor,  and  exchanged  at  close  of  war;  honorably  discharged  from  service 
at  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  September  5,  1865;  is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman 
Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


CHARLES    F.    MEYER. 

Was  born  in  Prussia,  December  12,  1838;  came  to  the  United  States 
in  1859.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  loth  U.  S.  Infantry,  March,  1858;  served 
in  different  positions  from  private  to  quartermaster-sergeant;  served  in 
Utah  and  the  Arkansas  River  frontier  until  1862,  when  he  joined  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  attached  to  the  5th  Army  Corps;  participated 
in  Burnside's  battle  of  Fredericksburg;  was  honorably  discharged  from 
service  at  Falmouth,  Va.,  March  u,  1863;  removed  to  California  in  1864; 
is  a  member  of  J.  A.  Garfield  Post,  No.  34,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Francisco, 
Cal. ;  resides  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal. 


THOS.  H.  HASKELL. 

Was  born  in  Haverhill,  Mass.,  May  25,  1841,  and  at  the  outbreak  of 
the  war  was  a  clerk.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  36th  Massachusetts  Infantry 
July  24,  1862,  as  a  private,  and  from  time  to  time  was  promoted  to  cor 
poral,  ist  sergeant,  ist  lieutenant,  and  adjutant,  receiving  his  commission 
May  6,  1864;  was  in  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  gth  Army  Corps,  and 
took  part  in  the  following  battles:  Fredericksburg,  Vicksburg,  Jackson, 


432 

Blue  Springs,  Campbell's  Station,  siege  of  Knoxville,  Wilderness,  Spott- 
sylvania,  Petersburg  Mine,  Pegram  Farm,  Weldon  Railroad,  Hatcher's  Run 
and  Petersburg,  April  2,  1865;  at  Spottsylvania,  May  12,  1864,  received 
a  gunshot  wound  through  the  right  hand;  was  honorably  discharged  from 
the  service  at  Alexandria,  Va. ,  June  8,  1865.  Comrade  Haskell,  after  the 
war,  took  up  his  residence  in  Charlestown  district,  Boston,  where  he  is  now 
clerk  to  civil  engineer  of  the  Boston  Navy  Yard;  he  has  been  a  member  of 
Abraham  Lincoln  Post,  No.  n,  G.  A.  R.,  of  the  above  place  since  April  23, 
1867;  has  served  as  the  post's  adjutant,  junior  vice-commander,  coin- 
man  <Jer,  and  aid -de-camp  on  department  commander's  staff. 


JOHN  CARUN. 

Was  born  in  Drogheda,  County  Meath,  Ireland,  in  the  year  1825; 
came  to  the  United  States  with  his  parents  when  quite  young  and  settled 
in  Ohio,  received  only  a  common  school  education  while  living  on  a  farm; 
when  the  war  with  Mexico  commenced  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Battery 
B,  4th  U.  S.  Artillery,  July  7,  1846,  at  Wheeling,  Va.,  and,  under  com 
mand  of  Captain  J.  M.  Washington,  served  five  years  in  Mexico  and  frontier 
of  Texas;  was  discharged  as  ist  sergeant  at  Fort  Brown,  Tex.,  July  7, 
1851,  he  returned  to  Wheeling,  Va. ,  and  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits 
until  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion;  he  offered  his  services  to  Governor 
Pierpont  of  Virginia;  was  commissioned  as  captain  of  artillery  in  August, 
1862,  recruited  a  company  at  Wheeling,  Va.,  and  received  an  equipment 
of  a  six-gun  battery;  was  mustered  in  service  August  20,  1862,  and  served 
in  the  Army  of  West  Virginia,  consecutively  under  generals  Milroy,  Sigel, 
Hunter,  and  Sheridan,  until  mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war  June  2  7, 
1865.  His  connection  with  the  Grand  Army  dates  from  1868  until  the 
present;  was  elected  commander  of  the  department  of  West  Virginia, 
G.  A.  R.,  April  29,  1886,  with  headquarters  at  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  where 
he  resides. 

CHARLES  H.  BRICKETT. 

Was  born  in  Londonderry,  N.  H.,  August  25,  1846;  is  a  carpenter  by- 
trade.  Enlisted  in  Company  E,  7th  New  Hampshire  Infantry,  November 
25,  1861,  served  as  a  drummer-boy,  private,  and  sergeant;  was  attached 
to  the  loth  Army  Corps,  and  was  in  the  battles  of  Bufort's  Landing, 
Bermuda  Hundred,  Olustee,  Drewry's  Bluff,  capture  of  Jacksonville,  and 
siege  of  Petersburg;  helped  to  plant  battery  called  swamp  angel  between 
Morris  and  James  islands;  and  worked  in  the  tunnel  for  mine  explosion 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  433 

at  Petersburg,  where  was  wounded  by  a  bullet  in  left  leg;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  at  Raleigh,  July,  1865;  since  then  has  served 
three  years  on  the  U.  S.  sloop  of  war  Canandaigua,  and  five  years  in  the 
8th  U.  S.  Infantry,  being  honorably  discharged  at  Fort  Whipple,  Arizona, 
1875;  removed  to  California  same  year;  and  is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman 
Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal. ,  his  place  of  residence. 

JEHU  J.   LYON. 

Was  born  in  Wisconsin  April  29,  1845;  nas  been  a  farmer  and  cook. 
Enlisted  in  Company  H,  3d  Minnesota  Infantry,  December  29,  1861; 
served  as  a  private;  was  in  several  minor  engagements  in  Kentucky;  was 
honorably  discharged  at  Nashville  April  26,  1862,  for  disability,  a  relapse 
of  the  measles  incapacitating  him  from  further  service;  removed  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1876;  is  a  member  of  Halleck  Post,  No.  19,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Chico, 
Cal.  Resides  at  San  Bernardino,  Cal. 

HILLAROUS   ROTH. 

Was  born  in  Berks  County,  Pa.,  January  13,  1844;  is  a  house-painter 
by  trade.  Enlisted  in  January,  1862,  in  the  i5ist  Pennsylvania  Regiment, 
and  served  as  a  private;  was  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  took  part  in 
the  battle  of  Gettysburg;  was  transferred  to  the  7th  Cavalry,  and  served 
in  Wilson's  corps;  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  and  taken 
prisoner — released  after  four  days;  was  in  the  battle  at  Atlanta,  Ga.,  and 
the  battles  of  Noonday  Creek,  Rome,  Columbus,  and  Selma;  honorably 
discharged  in  1865.  Comrade  Roth  is  a  member  of  Emanuel  Moore  Post,  of 
Fremont,  Ohio,  and  at  present  a  resident  of  Sacramento,  Cal. 

ROBERT   S.  FRAZEE. 

Was  born  in  Cayuga  County,  N.  Y.,  July  21,  1841;  is  by  occupation 
a  policeman.  Enlisted  April  27,  1861,  in  Company  G  of  the  27th  N.  Y. 
Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private,  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist 
Division,  and  6th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run; 
was  in  the  Peninsula  campaign  under  McClellan  from  Yorktown  to  Mal- 
vern  Hill;  was  at  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  and  again  with  McClellan 
through  the  battles  at  South  Mountain  and  Antietam;  thence  through 
Virginia,  in  the  fall  of  1862,  to  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  the  mud 
march,  and  Chancellorsville,  after  which,  proceeding  to  Washington,  was 
discharged  on  account  of  expiration  of  service;  reentered  service  again  as 

2C 


434  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

2d  lieutenant  in  August,  1864,  of  Company  H,  4th  Regiment  of  quarter 
master  volunteers;  promoted  ist  lieutenant  November  i,  1864,  and  took 
part  in  the  repulse  of  General  Early  in  his  attack  on  Washington;  acted 
as  wagon-master  from  the  time  of  the  organization  of  the  quartermasters' 
regiment,  and  served  as  such  until  the  end  of  the  war;  from  1869  to  1871 
was  on  the  police  force  of  the  city  of  Washington;  resigned  on  account  of 
ill-health;  came  to  California  in  1878,  and  has  since  served  in  the  police 
department  of  Sacramento,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  is  a  member  of  Sum- 
ner  Post  of  that  place;  has  served  as  junior  and  senior  vice-commander 
of  his  post. 

WILLIAM  B.  GARNER. 

Was  born  in  McLeansboro,  Ills.,  October  8,  1836;  has  been  a  clerk, 
is  at  present  a  merchant.  Enlisted  in  Company  G,  56th  Illinois  Infantry, 
1861;  served  as  private  and  sergeant-major;  received  commission  as  captain 
July,  1863,  in  Company  D,  5Oth  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry;  at  Vicksburg 
served  on  staff  of  General  McPherson;  was  attached  to  the  i7th  Army- 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee;  was  at  Pittsburg  Landing,  and  sieges  of 
Corinth  and  Vicksburg;  received  wound  over  left  eye  with  rifle -ball  at 
Vicksburg;  took  part  in  capture  of  Fort  Blakely,  and  two  months  later, 
the  war  being  over,  resigned  at  New  Orleans  June  18,  1865;  was  quar 
termaster  and  is  now  charter  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57, 
G.-A.  R.,  in  San  Bernardino  County,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence;  is  now 
serving  second  term  as  public  administrator  and  is  auditor  elect. 


LOUIS  WAGNER. 

Was  born  at  Giessen,  Germany,  August  4,  1838;  his  father  having 
taken  an  active  part  in  the  revolution  of  1848  was  compelled  to  fly  the 
country,  and  settled  in  Philadelphia  in  1849;  there  he  received  a  common- 
school  education,  and  having  learned  the  lithographic-printing  business, 
engaged  in  it  on  his  own  account;  in  July,  1861,  he  entered  the  Union 
army  as  ist  lieutenant  of  Company  D,  88th  Pennsylvania  Regiment;  being 
promoted  through  the  various  grades,  he  became  colonel  of  his  regiment 
and  a  brevet  brigadier-general ;  participated  in  all  the  battles  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  until  wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  the  second  Bull  Run; 
after  his  release,  though  still  on  crutches,  rejoined  his  regiment  and  took 
part  in  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville;  on  account  of  the  breaking  out  of  his 
wound,  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  Camp  William  Penn,  Philadelphia, 
where  he  organized  colored  troops,  and  within  two  years  sent  nearly  14,000 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  435 

recruits  to  the   front;  in  1865  rejoined  his  regiment,  and  commanded  a 
brigade  in  the  5th  Corps,  being  finally  mustered  out  July  8th  of  that  year. 

In  1866  General  Wagner  was  elected  to  represent  the  twenty-second 
ward  of  Philadelphia  in  the  common  council,  and  served  six  successive 
years,  three  of  which  he  was  president  of  that  body;  in  May,  1873,  was 
appointed  a  member  of  the  board  of  education,  and  continued  in  that 
capacity  until  re-elected  to  the  council,  in  1876,  where  he  served  until 
1879;  the  court  of  common  pleas  appointed  him  a  member  of  the  board 
of  city  trusts  in  1874,  and  in  November,  1878,  was  elected  recorder  of 
deeds  for  three  years. 

Comrade  Wagner  organized  the  department  of  Pennsylvania,  G.  A.  R., 
and  in  1867  was  elected  its  first  commander;  was  elected  Junior  Vice- 
Commander-in-Chief  in  1870,  Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief  in  1871 
and  1872;  in.  the  latter  term  he  acted  as  Commander-in-Chief  during  the 
absence  of  General  Burnside  in  Europe;  at  Dayton,  Ohio,  in  1880,  was 
elected  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  G.  A.  R.  General  Wagner  is  a  prom 
inent  mason  and  son  of  temperance;  has  been  for  years  engaged  in  the 
insurance  business  in  Philadelphia;  is  at  present  the  inspector  of  Soldiers' 
Orphans'  Schools  in  Pennsylvania.  Is  a  member  of  Ellis  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  where  he  resides. 


WM.    HENRY  WRIGHT. 

Was  born  in  Gloversville,  Fulton  County,  N.  Y.,  September  7,  1840; 
his  occupations  in  life  have  been  salesman  and  merchant.  Enlisted  in 
Company  K,  77th  New  York  Volunteers,  September  27,  1861;  served  as 
a  private  and  non-commissioned  officer,  and  was  promoted  to  2d  lieutenant 
April  2,  1865;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  6th  Army  Corps; 
was  with  his  regiment  in  all  the  engagements  of  the  Peninsula  campaign 
under  General  McClellan;  was  then  detailed  for  a  few  months  on  recruit 
ing  service  in  New  York,  rejoining  his  regiment  in  Maryland ;  made  the 
march  through  Virginia,  participating  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg 
December  13,  1862;  the  mud  march  along  the  Rappahannock,  the  fight 
of  the  6th  Corps  at  Marye's  Heights  during  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville; 
at  Gettysburg  and  Mine  Run ;  veteranized  at  Camp  Brandy  Station,  Va. , 
in  January,  1864;  was  wounded  in  left  shoulder  by  bullet  in  action  in  the 
Wilderness  May  6,  1864;  while  invalided  did  duty  as  general  ward-master 
in  Camden  Street  Hospital  at  Baltimore,  and  then  as  sergeant-major  of 
the  post  at  Harper's  Ferry,  Va. ;  when  sufficiently  recovered  rejoined  his 
regiment  at  Winchester;  was  again  wounded  by  bullet  in  left  leg  at  Peters 
burg,  but  continued  in  field ;  was  present  at  the  surrender  at  Appomattox 


436  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

and  with  the  advance  to  Danville,  Va. ;  thence  returning  took  part  in  the 
grand  review  at  Washington  city,  and  was  finally  mustered  out  at  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  July  7,  1865;  came  to  California  in  1877;  was  a  charter  member  of 
W.  H.  Long  Post,  the  name  of  which  was  afterwards  changed  to  W.  R. 
Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Bernardino;  is  a  past  senior  vice- 
commander  of  his  post;  resides  in  Colton,  San  Bernardino  County,  Cal. 


ORLANDO  PARRY  ROBARTS. 

Was  born  in  Springfield,  Ohio,  April  22,  1844;  has  been  a  carpenter; 
is  now  an  architect  and  contractor.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  1 7th  Kansas 
Infantry,  in  April,  1864;  served  as  a  private  in  Kansas  during  term,  being 
detailed  as  U.  S.  detective  on  the  frontier;  was  honorably  discharged 
August,  1864;  took  part  in  the  Indian  war  in  Montana  with  the  Piegan 
Indians  in  1868;  was  superintendent  of  Government  works  at  Camp  Apache, 
Arizona,  1877-80;  is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R., 
at  San  Bernardino,  Cal. ,  his  place  of  residence. 


GEORGE  G.  ASHBAUGH. 

Was  born  in  Dubuque,  la.,  March  19,  1848;  is  a  printer  by  trade; 
at  the  age  of  fourteen  enlisted  in  Company  A,  93d  Illinois  Infantry,  in  the 
summer  of  1862;  served  as  drummer-boy  till  1863,  when,  on  account  of 
his  youth,  not  being  able  to  cope  with  the  hardships  of  the  field,  was  dis 
charged  for  disability;  re-enlisted  in  Company  F,  i4oth  Illinois  Infantry, 
in  January,  1864;  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  i7th  Army  Corps; 
took  part  in  many  expeditions  after  rebel  guerrilla  parties;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service  at  Chicago  in  the  fall  of  1864;  removed  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1884;  is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
San  Bernardino,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


HUGH  J.  ALLISON. 

Was  born  in  Pike  County,  Mo. ,  June  2, 1837 ;  has  been  a  fanner  and  car 
penter.  Enlisted  July,  1861,  in  Company  C  of  the  8th  Illinois  Infantry, 
and  served  along  the  Mississippi  River;  was  in, the  fight  at  Columbia; 
was  discharged  after  three  months;  re-enlisted  July  4,  1862,  in  Company 
K  of  the  1 1 5th  Illinois  Infantry,  and  served  as  corporal ;  was  attached  to 
the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  4th  Army  Corps;  served  in  the  Army  of 
Kentucky  and  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Perry ville  and  Lebanon,  in  Kentucky,  and  Jonesboro  and  on  to  Atlanta; 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  437 

thence  back  after  General  Hood  to  Nashville;  was  wounded  at  Chicka- 
mauga  by  a  bullet  in  right  leg;  at  same  place  the  brass  eagle  on  breast- 
strap  was  struck,  and  probably  saved  his  life;  at  Franklin,  Tenn.,  received 
a  bullet  in  left  leg,  and  at  Nashville  was  wounded  on  head  by  a  fragment  of 
shell;  was  captured  at  Chickamauga,  but  escaped  the  same  night;  was 
honorably  discharged  June  16,  1865;  came  to  California  in  1883,  and  has 
since  resided  in  San  Bernardino;  is  a  member  of  W.  R.  Cornmati  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  his  place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM    H.  DIXON. 

Was  born  October  26,  1843,  in  Webster,  Mass.;  has  been  a  clerk,  is 
at  present  a  laborer.  Enlisted  in  May,  1862,  in  Company  G  of  the  5ist 
Massachusetts  Infantry;  was  attached  to  the  ist,  6th,  8th,  and  i8th  Army 
Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Kinston,  Whitehall,  Goldsboro,  Falling 
Waters,  and  others;  was  wounded  by  grape-shot;  honorably  discharged  in 
August,  1863.  Comrade  Dixon  is  a  member  of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Oakland,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

EDWARD   A.    SMITH. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city  November  5,  1837;  is  a  civil  engineer. 
Enlisted  in  2d  Kansas  Battery,  Light  Artillery,  July  25,  1862;  served  as 
ist  lieutenant  and  captain;  received  commissions  July,  1862,  and  July, 
1863;  was  attached  to  yth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  battles  of  Honey 
Springs,  Indian  Ferry,  Fort  Smith,  and  many  minor  engagements;  in 
1861  was  in  command  of  Company  F,  5th  Kansas  Infantry,  serving  on  the 
frontier;  during  which  time  carried  many  dispatches  across  the  country; 
was  honorably  discharged  from  service  August  10,  1865;  was  a  newspaper 
man  before  the  war,  and  is  at  present  a  well-known  writer  of  southern 
California;  is  senior  vice-commander  of  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57, 
G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Bernardino,  his  place  of  residence. 

JULIUS   M.   KEELER. 

Was  born  July  16,  1824,  *n  Malone,  Franklin  County,  N.  Y. ;  was  for 
twelve  years  a  teacher,  before  and  after  a  university  course;  laid  the  foun 
dation  for  the  Pacific  University  of  Forest  Grove,  Or.,  and  was  superintend 
ent  of  public  schools  in  Washington  County,  Or. ;  in  1849  was  a  miner  in 
California;  after  the  war,  was,  for  a  time,  a  commission  merchant,  and  for 
some  time  in  the  revenue  service  in  California;  at  present  is  engaged  in 
mining  and  developing  marble  quarries  in  Inyo  County,  and  is  president 


438  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

of  the  Inyo  Marble  Company  of  California.  Enlisted  in  May,  1861,  in 
Company  A  of  the  5th  Connecticut  Infantry;  was  mustered  in  as  ist  lieu 
tenant  of  Company  H,  July  23,  1861;  served  as  3d  sergeant  of  Company 
A,  quartermaster-sergeant,  and  ist  lieutenant  of  Company  H ;  was  in  com 
mand  of  and  quartermaster  of  Connecticut  recruits  at  Fort  Trumbull;  was 
provost  marshal  of  Oregon,  with  rank  of  captain  of  cavalry,  commission 
dating  May  22,  1863;  was  attached  to  the  i2th  Army  Corps  and  Provost 
Department;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Ball's  Bluff,  Winchester,  and 
Chancellorsville ;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Salem,  Or.,  June  15,  1865. 
Comrade  Keeler  is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
San  Francisco,  Cal. ,  where  he  resides. 

GEORGE   E.   BALDWIN. 

Was  born  in  Sandwich,  Mass.,  March  10,  1842;  has  been  clerk  and 
surveyor;  is  at  present  an  insurance  surveyor.  Enlisted  in  2d  Massachusetts 
Cavalry  (California  Battalion),  March,  1863,  was  attached  to  Sheridan's  cav 
alry,  Army  of  the  Shenandoah ;  served  as  private,  corporal,  sergeant,  2d  lieu 
tenant,  and  ist  lieutenant;  was  in  seventeen  battles,  including  Ashby's 
Gap,  Rockville,  Poolsville,  Aldie,  Summit  Point,  South  Anna,  Dinwiddie 
Court-house,  Sailor's  Creek,  Dranesville,  Fort  Stephens,  Fort  Reno,  Ber 
ry  ville,  Tom's  Brook,  Cedar  Creek,  White  Oak  Road,  Five  Forks,  and 
Appomattox  Court-house;  witnessed  Lee's  surrender;  was  taken  prisoner 
at  Berry  ville;  escaped,  and  was  retaken  near  Leesbtirg,  Va.,  by  Mosby's 
guerrillas;  again  escaped,  and,  traveling  by  night  and  hiding  daytimes, 
reached  Washington;  received  commissions  in  April  and  March,  1865; 
was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Fairfax  Court-house  July  20, 1865. 
Is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Fran 
cisco,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

•% 

HARVEY  D.  TALCOTT. 

Was  born  March  25,  1844,  in  Herkimer,  Herkimer  County,  N.  Y. ; 
has  been  a  student,  soldier,  and  lawyer;  is  at  present  practicing  his  profes 
sion  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.  In  July,  1862,  was  commissioned  adjutant  of 
the  noth  New  York  Infantry,  and  served  in  that  capacity  and  as  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  his 'brigade;  was  attached  to  the  igth  Army  Corps 
most  of  the  time,  and  served  in  Maryland,  Virginia,  South  Carolina,  Mis 
sissippi  and  Louisiana,  taking  part  in  the  Red  River  and  Port  Hudson  cam 
paigns;  resigned  from  the  army  at  New  Orleans,  La.,  in  1864,  by  reason 
of  wound  and  disease  contracted  in  line  of  duty;  re-entered  Union  College 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  439 

at  Schenectady,  N.  Y. ,  which  he  had  left  to  join  the  army,  and,  complet 
ing  his  course  of  study,  graduated  in  1866;  since  then  he  has  been  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  his  profession;  was  corporation  counsel  of  Utica,  N.  Y., 
from  1870  to  1871.  Comrade  Talcott  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1869,  and  is 
a  past  commander  of  Bacon  Post,  No.  53,  department  of  New  York;  is  at 
present  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

GEORGE   H.  POWERS. 

Was  born  June  13,  1840,  in  Boston,  Mass. ;  was  a  student  until  1865, 
and  has  since  been  a  physician  and  surgeon;  is  at  present  an  oculist  and 
aurist;  August  26,  1864,  was  commissioned  assistant  surgeon  of  the  60 th 
Massachusetts  Infantry;  this  regiment  was  enlisted  for  100  days,  and  was 
stationed  at  camps  Covington  and  Burnside  at  Indianapolis;  was  sick  with 
typho-malarial  fever,  and  recovery  was  so  slow  as  to  prevent  re-entering  the 
service  after  expiration  of  enlistment;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Bos 
ton,  Mass.,  November  30,  1864.  Comrade  Powers  is  a  member  of  George 
H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  he 
is  a  past  post  commander. 

CORNELIUS   R.  MORRIS. 

Was  born  April  2,  1846,  in  Middle  Village,  Queens  County,  N.  Y. ; 
was  a  farmer  previous  to  enlistment;  is  at  present  a  clerk  in  the  San  Fran 
cisco  post-office.  Enlisted  April  i,  1863,  and  served  as  a  private  and  cor 
poral;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  i6th  Army  Corps; 
after  December  8,  1864,  belonged  to  the  2d  Division  Detachment,  Army 
of  the  Tennessee;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Fort  DeRussy,  Pleasant  Hillr 
Cottersville,  Yellow  Bayou,  Tupelo,  Hurricane  Creek,  Nashville,  Fort 
Blakely,  and  numerous  lesser  engagements;  was  honorably  discharged  at 
Montgomery,  Ala.,  April  i,  1866.  Comrade  Morris  is  a  member  of  Lin 
coln  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

SIDNEY   F.  SHAW. 

Was  born  January  16,  1832,  in  Copenhagen,  N.  Y. ;  attended  the 
Denmark  and  Union  academies  at  Belleville,  N.  Y.,  and  in  1854  removed 
to  Parkersburg,  Va.,  and  became  a  teacher,  surveyor,  and  engineer;  was 
engaged  in  surveying  Government  lands  in  Nebraska  in  1857;  returned  to 
Virginia  prior  to  1861;  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  went  to  Marietta,  Ohio, 
and  served  as  captain  of  the  Marietta  Fine  Zouaves;  was  in  the  three 
months'  service  in  Bennett's  battalion;  afterwards  served  as  captain  in 


440  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  1 5th  West  Virginia  Infantry;  was  commissioned  major  of  the  loth 
West  Virginia  Infantry  July  3,  1865;  served  in  1864  and  1865  as  engi 
neer  and  chief  engineer  Department  of  West  Virginia,  on  the  staff  of 
generals  Hunter,  Crook,  Hancock,  and  Emory;  was  mustered  out  of  serv 
ice  at  Richmond,  Va.,  in  July,  1865;  was  general  agent  of  the  land 
department  of  the  Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincy  R.  R.  for  thirteen 
years;  superintendent  of  public  schools  in  Wood  County,  W.  Va.,  and 
school  commissioner  three  years,  and  is  now  general  superintendent  of 
the  Chicago,  Parkersburg  &  Norfolk  R.  R.,  at  present  in  course  of  con 
struction.  Comrade  Shaw  is  a  member  of  Andrew  Mather  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Parkersburg,  W.  Va.,  where  he  resides;  is  a  member  of  the  national 
council  of  administration. 


M.  O.   FROST. 

Was  born  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  November  22,  1833,  and  in  1844  moved 
to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  where  at  eleven  years  of  age  he  entered  a  printing- 
office  and  remained  in  various  capacities  for  three  years,  when  he  was 
indentured  to  the  Cincinnati  Atlas,  where  he  served  until  that  paper  was 
merged  in  the  Cincinnati  Gazette ;  afterwards  learned  job  printing  and 
press-work,  having  served  an  apprenticeship  of  nearly  five  years.  From 
1854  to  1859  had  control  of  the  Clermont,  Ohio,  Courier,  and  in  1860 
established  the  Felicity,  Ohio,  Herald,  which  he  published  one  year;  in 
1861  moved  to  Cincinnati  again,  and  established  a  Hotel  Reporter,  which 
he  was  publishing  when  the  war  broke  out.  Enlisted  July  29,  1861,  in 
a  company  formed  at  Cincinnati,  and  which  was  sent  to  St.  Louis,  where 
General  Fremont  immediately  assigned  it,  as  Company  D,  to  the  loth 
Missouri  Volunteer  Infantry,  then  filling  up;  served  as  a  private  and  ist 
sergeant,  which  latter  position  he  held  for  twenty-seven  months,  when  he 
was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant,  his  commission  being  dated  October  20, 
1863;  campaigned  in  northeastern  Missouri  during  the  winter  of  1861-62, 
then  went  to  the  scene  of  military  operations  in  Tennessee;  was  attached 
to  the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  i5th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  siege 
of  Corinth,  the  battle  of  luka,  the  repulse  of  the  Confederate  general 
Van  Dorn  at  Corinth,  the  engagements  at  Thousand  Hills,  Raymond, 
Jackson,  Miss.,  the  Yazoo  Pass  expedition,  Champion  Hills,  Vicksburg, 
and  Missionary  Ridge;  was  wounded  slightly  at  Corinth,  and  struck  with 
a  piece  of  shell  at  Missionary  Ridge;  was  always  with  his  company,  never 
on  detached  service,  and  was  in  every  march,  battle,  and  skirmish  in 
which  the  regiment  was  engaged;  honorably  discharged,  by  reason  of 
expiration  of  term  of  service,  September  5,  1864. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  441 

After  his  return  from  the  army,  was  for  four  years  connected  with 
the  Cincinnati  Commercial,  and  in  1868  moved  to  Illinois,  where  he 
established  the  Clark  County  Herald,  and  continued  its  publication  until 
1884,  when  he  moved  to  Topeka,  Kas.,  at  which  place  he  established  the 
Kansas  Knight  and  Soldier  in  April,  1886;  it  is  the  official  organ  of  the 
Grand  Army,  Woman's  Relief  Corps,  and  Sons  of  Veterans  in  that  State. 
Comrade  Frost  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Topeka, 
Kas. 

FRANK   H.   MERRILL. 

Was  born  in  Brooks,  Waldo  County,  Me.,  December  3,  1833.  Enlisted 
October  4,  1861,  in  the  iyth  U.  S.  Infantry  as  a  private;  was  attached  to 
the  5th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Petersburg  June  17  and 
1 8,  1864,  and  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  October  9,  1864, 
at  Fort  Preble,  Me.  Comrade  Merrill  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  South  Bos 
ton,  Mass.,  in  August,  1869;  is  at  present  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. ,  where  he  resides,  and  is  a  clerk  in 
the  post-office  department. 

GEORGE   B.    FIELDER. 

Was  born  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  July  24,  1841.  Enlisted  in  the  2ist 
New  Jersey  Infantry  in  August,  1862,  as  a  private;  was  promoted  to  ser 
geant-major,  and  in  June,  1863,  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant;  was 
attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  6th  Army  Corps;  participated  in 
the  battles  of  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Marye's  Heights,  Salem 
Heights,  and  Deep  Run;  was  wounded  and  captured  May  4,  1863;  hon 
orably  discharged  at  Trenton,  N.  J. ,  in  1864.  Comrade  Fielder  is  a  mem 
ber  of  G.  Van  Hough  ten  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  of  which 
citv  he  is  a  resident.  > 


ELBERT  HENRY  SAWYER. 

Was  born  December  18,  1843,  in  Milford,  Mich. ;  has  been  a  teacher; 
has  been  for  a  long  time  president  and  commander  of  the  Grand  Army 
Collegiate  and  Military  Institute  at  Canon  City,  Col.  Enlisted  August  15, 
1862,  in  the  8th  Michigan  Infantry;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade, 
ist  Division,  gth  Army  Corps;  was  brevetted  February  i,  1865;  took  part 
in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Vicksburg,  Jackson,  Knox- 
ville,  Weldon,  Spottsylvania,  and  others;  was  wounded  by  shell  in  right 
hand  at  the  battle  of  Antietam,  and  again  in  the  left  thigh  by  a  minie-ball 


442  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

at  Spottsylvania,  breaking  the  leg  and  resulting  in  paralysis,  which  dis 
abled  him  for  further  service,  in  consequence  of  which  he  retired  from 
the  army  in  February,  1865;  since  which  time  has  served  on  the  staff  of 
General  Van  Cleve  of  Missouri,  with  the  rank  of  major  and  colonel. 
Comrade  Sawyer  is  a  member  of  Greenwood  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Canon 
City,  Col. ;  has  been  assistant  adjutant-general  of  his  department;  is  a  resi 
dent  of  Denver,  Col. 

CHARLES   H.    CLARK. 

Was  born  in  Morris  County,  N.  J.,  July  4,  1842,  and  has  been  a  pub 
lisher;  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  real  estate  business;  at  the  age  of  seven 
years,  with  his  parents,  moved  to  De  Kalb  County,  Ills.,  and  from  there, 
in  1850,  to  Wisconsin.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  nth  Minnesota  Infantry 
Volunteers,  August  i,  1864,  and  served  as  a  private;  belonged  to  the  Army 
of  the  Cumberland;  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Nashville,  where  he  was 
wounded  in  the  wrist,  the  ball  breaking  the  bone;  mustered  out  of  service 
at  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  July  n,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Corinth  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Perry,  Kas.,  and  has  been  inspector  of  posts  in  that  department;  resides 
at  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

THOMAS  C.  McCUMBER. 

Was  born  in  Warrington  County,  N.  Y.,  February  10,  1829;  has  been 
a  farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  53d  Wisconsin  Infantry,  in  February, 
1865;  served  as  a  private;  was  on  guard  duty  five  weeks  at  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
and  four  weeks  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kas. ;  thence  went  to  Lexington 
and  Warrensburg,  Mo. ;  drove  stock  back  to  Fort  Leavenworth ;  regiment 
was  then  consolidated  with  the  5 jth  Wisconsin;  was  honorably  discharged 
at  Madison,  Wis.,  August  i,  1865;  came  to  California  in  1870;  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Modesto,  Cal.,  his  place  of  resi 
dence. 

F.  T.   BICKNELL. 

Was  born  April  20,  1842,  in  Chittenden  County,  Vt ;  has  been  a 
farmer,  student,  and  teacher;  is  at  present  a  physician  and  surgeon. 
Enlisted  August  15,  1862,  in  Company  A  of  the  23d  Wisconsin  Infantry, 
and  served  as  a  private-/  was  attached  to  General  A.  J.  Smith's  division 
of  the  1 3th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Chickasaw  Bayou, 
Arkansas  Post,  Cypress  Bend,  Greenville,  Port  Gibson,  Champion  Hills, 
Black  River  Bridge,  siege  and  capture  of  Vicksburg,  siege  of  Jackson, 
Carrion  Crow  Bayou,  Mansfield,  Cane  River,  and  Jackson,  La.,  siege  of 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  443 

Spanish  Fort  and  Blakely,  and  numerous  skirmishes  and  minor  engage 
ments;  was  honorably  discharged  July  4,  1865;  after  the  war  attended 
school  at  the  State  university,  and  studied  medicine  at  Madison,  Wis., 
attended  medical  lectures  at  Rush  Medical  College  in  Illinois,  and  gradu 
ated  in  1870,  since  which  time  has  closely  followed  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession.  Comrade  Bicknell  is  a  member  of  Stan  ton  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  where  he  resides,  and  is  surgeon  of  his  post. 


FELIX    GOODRUE. 

Was  born  November  15,  1847,  m  Clinton  County,  N.  Y. ;  has  been  a 
farmer.  Enlisted  in  1865  in  Company  D  of  the  ist  New  York  Cavalry, 
and  served  as  a  private;  served  with  Sheridan's  Cavalry  Corps,  and  took 
part  in  the  battles  of  Five  Forks  and  Winchester;  previous  to  enlistment 
had  been  with  the  army  as  newsboy  for  two  years;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  May  8,  1865.  Comrade  Goodrue  is  a  member  of  Grant  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Modesto,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


ROBERT  HUTCHISON. 

Was  born  May  24,  1839,  at  sea  off  the  Banks  of  New  Foundland;  has 
been  a  farmer;  is  at  present  a  carpenter.  Enlisted,  in  the  fall  of  1863,  in 
the  2d  Michigan  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the 
ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  gth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  the 
Wilderness,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  Cold  Harbor,  Shady  Grove,  Peters 
burg  (both  times),  and  skirmish  at  North  Anna;  was  wounded  in  left  leg 
above  the  ankle;  was  captured  July  30,  1864,  and  sent  to  Danville  Prison; 
remained  there  about  seven  months;  was  then  taken  to  Libby  Prison,  and 
after  about  two  weeks  was  paroled;  was  for  about  a  month  in  the  hospital 
at  Annapolis,  thence  home  on  furlough  for  thirty  days,  after  which  was 
in  Harper  Hospital  until  honorably  discharged  in  August,  1865.  Com 
rade  Hutchison  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Santa 
Cruz,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

MICHAEL   HOGAN. 

Was  born  April  22,  1841,  in  Bangor,  Me.;  served  an  apprenticeship 
as  blacksmith;  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  livery-stable  business.  Enlisted 
May  28,  1861,  in  Company  I  of  the  2d  Maine  Infantry,  and  served  as  a 
private;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  5th  Army  Corps; 
took  part  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  and,  after  re-enlistment  for  three 


444  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

years,  was  in  the  engagements  at  Antietam,  Chattanooga,  second  Bull  Run, 
Hanover  Court-house,  and  many  skirmishes;  was  severely  wounded  during 
the  seven  days'  fight  by  bullet  in  right  leg;  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  same 
time;  after  release  was  transferred  to  McClellan's  command,  where  he 
served  until  honorably  discharged,  June  4,  1863.  Comrade  Hogan  is  a 
member  of  Chattanooga  Post,  G.  A.  R..  of  Nevada  City,  Cal.,  and  a  resi 
dent  of  North  San  Juan,  Nevada  County,  Cal, ;  has  been  city  marshal  of 
Marysville,  Cal. 

NICHOLAS    PANSY. 

Was  born  in  Italy  May  27,  1835;  has  been  a  seaman  and  cook.  In 
June,  1864,  shipped  in  the  U.  S.  Navy  at  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  and  served 
as  a  seaman;  was  on  the  blockade  at  Mobile;  was  honorably  discharged 
May  25,  1867,  in  New  York.  Comrade  Pansy  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L. 
Wallace  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

HENRY  R.   BLANCHARD. 

Was  born  August  23,  1839,  in  Putnam  County,  Ills. ;  has  been  engaged 
in  teaming  and  mining.  Enlisted  August  28,  1863,  in  the  ist  California 
Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private  under  Colonel  Whipple;  was  honor 
ably  mustered  out  of  service  at  Camp  Lincoln,  Cal.,  June  9,  1865.  Com 
rade  Blanchard  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Santa 
Cruz,  Cal. ,  where  he  resides. 

H.  G.  COLEMAN. 

Was  born  in  1833,  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.;  has  been  a  farmer;  is  at 
present  a  saloon-keeper.  Enlisted  October  8,  1864,  in  the  7th  California 
Infantry,  and  served  as  sergeant  of  Company  A;  took  part  in  three  engage 
ments  with  Apache  Indians  in  Arizona;  was  honorably  discharged  in  May, 
1866.  Comrade  Coletnan  is  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

ALBERT    HART. 

Was  born  March  29,  1845,  i*1  North  Washington,  Me. ;  has  been  a 
farmer;  is  at  present  a  contractor.  Enlisted  October  6,  1863,  in  the  55th 
Pennsylvania  Regiment,  and  served  as  a  sergeant;  was  attached  to  the  3d 
Brigade,  3d  Division,  24th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Gettys 
burg,  second  Bull  Run,  Chantilly,  Drewry's  Bluff,  Petersburg,  and  the 
pursuit  of  General  Lee;  was  in  skirmish  at  Rice's  Station,  and  was  in  the 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  445 

flanking  corps  at  the  surrender  of  Lee  at  Appomattox  Court-house,  after 
which  was  on  provost  duty  at  Camp  Lee  and  Camp  Jackson  until  dis 
charge;  was  wounded  in  the  right  hip  at  the  battle  of  Drewry's  Bluff; 
was  captured  the  same  day  while  on  the  skirmish  line,  and  taken  to  Libby 
Prison,  and  shortly  afterward  to  Andersonville,  in  which  prison  he  was 
confined  for  seven  months;  was  then  released  on  sick  parol  and  sent  to 
the  Marine  Hospital  at  Annapolis,  and  thence  home  on  sick  leave;  after 
three  months  reported  at  Camp  Parol,  and  remained  there  until  regularly 
enchanged,  when  he  rejoined  his  regiment;  was  honorably  discharged 
August  30,  1865.  Comrade  Hart  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

ALBERT   MARTINDALE. 

Was  born  August  6,  1842,  in  Crawford  County,  Pa.;  a  carpenter  and 
joiner  by  trade.  Enlisted  in  Company  H  of  the  38th  Iowa  Infantry,  which 
regiment  was  consolidated  with  the  34th  Iowa  in  1864,  after  which  it  was 
known  as  the  34th  Iowa;  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  i3th 
Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Vicksburg  and  Mobile;  was  pros 
trated  by  sunstroke  at  Vicksburg,  on  account  of  which  is  at  present  a  pen 
sioner;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Davenport,  la.,  after  the  war.  Comrade 
Martindale  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Santa 
Cruz,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

JACOB   MENDEL. 

Was  born  July  7,  1846,  in  Germany;  a  cook  by  occupation.  Enlisted 
June,  1863  in  the  46th  New  York  Regiment,  and  served  as  a  private; 
was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  gth  Army  Corps;  was  in  the 
battles  of  James  River,  Gettysburg,  White  House,  Horseshoe,  and  Swamp 
River;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Pigeon  Point,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y. 
Comrade  Mendel  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

MURDOCK   CAMPBELL. 

Was  born  in  Ireland;  has  been  and  still  is  a  tailor.  Enlisted  May  i, 
1861,  in  the  24th  Pennsylvania  Infantry — a  three  months'  regiment; 
re-enlisted  in  August  of  the  same  year  in  the  6gth  Pennsylvania  Regi 
ment;  served  as  private,  corporal,  sergeant,  orderly-sergeant,  sergeant- 
major,  and  2d  lieutenant,  commission  dating  May  30,  1863;  was  attached 
to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  2d  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  all  the  battles 


446  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

in  Virginia  in  which  his  regiment  was  engaged  except  the  first  Bull  Run 
and  Petersburg;  in  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania  was  wounded:  gunshot 
wound  in  right  ear,  a  saber  cut  in  left  cheek  and  scalp;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  the  service  October  29,  1864,  on  account  of  wounds 
received  in  action.  Comrade  Campbell  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L,.  Wallace 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  is  at  present  junior 
vice-commander  of  his  post. 

STUART  TAYLOR. 

Was  born  in  the  city  of  New  York  and  is  the  son  of  Dr.  Isaac 
E.  Taylor,  president  of  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical  College  in  that  city. 
Received  a  collegiate  education,  and  at  the  outbreak  of  the  War  of  the 
Rebellion  was  a  student  at  law;  entered  the  Union  Army  in  June,  1861, 
as  paymaster  of  the  55th  New  York  Volunteers,  formerly  the  Garde 
LaFayette.  That  grade  not  being  recognized  in  the  field,  he  coiild  not 
be  mustered  in  with  the  regiment,  but  served  for  several  months  in  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  without  pay;  was  appointed  captain's  clerk  in 
February,  1862,  and  served  on  board  the  U.  S.  steamer  Clifton  in  Admiral 
Farragut's  fleet;  was  present  at  the  attack  on  forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip, 
and  their  passage  by  the  fleet  and  capture  of  New  Orleans;  participated 
in  the  first  attack  on  Vicksburg,  in  which  he  was  wounded;  mentioned  in 
the  official  report  of  the  action  for  gallant  conduct  under  fire;  was  appointed 
assistant  adjutant-general  of  volunteers,  December  23,  1862;  was  present 
at  the  siege  of  Charleston,  S.  C. ,  the  attacks  on  the  forts  in  that  harbor, 
and  during  all  the  engagements  of  the  loth  Army  Corps — to  which  he  was 
attached — including  those  at  Morris,  James,  and  John's  islands ;  was 
wounded  in  one  of  these  actions  July,  1864;  twice  brevetted  for  "faithful 
and  meritorious  services" — mentioned  in  general  orders  for  conspicuous 
bravery  in  face  of  the  enemy.  Mustered  out  October  31,  1865. 

After  the  war  traveled  extensively  in  his  own  and  foreign  countries. 
In  1866  crossed  the  Atlantic  Ocean  in  the  schooner-yacht  Vesta,  in  the 
famous  mid-winter  yacht  race  between  the  schooners  Henrietta,  Vesta, 
and  Fleet  Wing,  from  Sandy  Hook  to  Cowes,  Isle  of  Wight.  His  descrip 
tion  of  the  race,  in  which  the  vessels  encountered  a  series  of  terrific 
storms,  was  exceedingly  graphic  and  attracted  much  attention;  was  city 
Recorder  of  San  Francisco  in  1877,  and  during  what  was  known  as  the 
Dennis  Kearny  agitation  was,  by  the  citizens'  committee  on  public 
safety,  selected,  on  the  nomination  of  the  late  general  and  senator  John  F. 
Miller,  as  commander  of  the  veteran  battalion  of  100  men,  composed 
equally  of  Union  and  Confederate  soldiers,  organized  for  the  purpose  of 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  447 

co-operating  with  the  National  Guard  and  police  in  the  suppression  of  dis 
order  and  anticipated  riot. 

Colonel  Taylor  is  a  member  of  the  well-known  Bohemian  Club  of 
San  Francisco  and  recently  its  president.  Is  a  member  and  past  post  com 
mander  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco, 
and  several  years  ago  was  one  of  the  officers  of  the  New  York  command- 
ery  of  the  Loyal  Legion;  was  presented  by  his  comrades  of  Thomas  Post 
with  a  badge  of  gold  and  diamonds  as  a  testimonial  of  respect,  and  for 
his  efficient  work  in  behalf  of  the  order;  was  a  prominent  candidate  for 
department  commander  at  the  election  for  1886 — first  vice-chairman  of 
the  general  committee  of  management  of  the  late  national  encampment 
(the  2Oth),  and  delegate  at  large  from  California  to  that  body.  For  several 
years  has  been  one  of  the  directors  of  the  u  Veterans'  Home"  at  Yount- 
ville,  Cal.  He  was  chosen  as  orator  before  the  Society  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  and  delivered  the  address  which  is  published  elsewhere 
among  the  proceedings  relating  to  that  organization  at  its  meeting  in  San 
Francisco.  Colonel  Taylor  at  present  holds  the  position  of  naval  officer 
of  the  port  of  San  Francisco,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


GEORGE  W.  MITCHELL. 

Was  born  in  Clermont  County,  Ohio,  December  5,  1839;  was  engaged 
in  stoneware  manufacturing  and  farming.  Enlisted  in  Company  D,  loth 
Iowa  Infantry,  October  2,  1861,  served  as  a  private;  first  doing  garrison 
duty  three  months  at  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo. ;  was  in  the  battles  of  New 
Madrid,  Champion  Hills,  Vicksburg,  luka,  Mission  Ridge,  and  siege  of 
Corinth;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Little  Rock,  Ark., 
August  16,  1865;  came  to  California  after  the  war  and  engaged  in  farm 
ing;  is  a  member  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Modesto,  Cal.,  his 
place  of  residence. 

JAMES   BAYARD  WHITTEMORE. 

Was  born  at  New  Brighton,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y. ,  October  22,  1840; 
was  appointed  at  large,  by  President  Pierce,  a  cadet  at  the  U.  S.  military 
academy  at  West  Point,  which  he  entered  on  July  i,  1857;  resigned  in 
January,  1859;  immediately  went  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  by  way  of  Cape 
Horn,  where  he  arrived  in  July  of  same  year,  and  entered  the  employ  of 
the  Alta  California  newspaper;  when  California  was  called  upon  by  the 
general  Government  for  troops,  he  joined  the  first  regiment  accepted, 
enlisting  in  the  ist  California  Infantry  August  23,  1861,  and  was  at  once 


448  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

appointed  sergeant-major;  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  Company  A,  Septem 
ber  5, 1861 ;  promoted  ist  lieutenant  Company  G,  October  25,  1862 ;  the  regi 
ment  belonged  to  what  was  known  as  the  California  Column,  under  command 
of  Brigadier-General  James  H.  Carleton,  and  which  served  throughout  the 
War  of  the  Rebellion  in  California,  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  and  north 
western  Texas,  and  was  composed  of  the  ist  Infantry,  ist  Cavalry,  and 
Company  B,  2d  Cavalry,  California  Volunteers,  and  Battery  A,  3d  U.  S. 
Artillery,  commanded  by  ist  Lieutenant  John  B.  Shinn  of  that  regiment; 
was  acting  assistant  quartermaster  and  acting  commissary  of  subsistence 
at  Franklin,  Tex. ,  and  at  Fort  McRae  on  the  Jornada  del  Muerto  in  New 
Mexico,  which  latter  post  he  assisted  in  establishing  in  Jime,  1863,  laying 
out  quarters,  etc.;  was  at  various  times  battalion  adjutant  on  the  march, 
and  post  adjutant  at  Franklin,  Tex.,  and  Fort  Craig,  N.  M.,  and  for  some 
months  prior  to  and  at  the  time  of  his  discharge  was  acting  regimental 
adjutant;  took  part  in  several  scouting  expeditions  and  was  on  picket  duty 
on  the  Rio  Grande,  near  Fort  McRae;  in  January,  1863,  at  Fort  West, 
Arizona,  and  en  route  thereto  from  Las  Cruces,  N.  M.,  commanded  the  sec 
tion  of  mountain  howitzers,  which  afterwards  became  famous  under  the 
command  of  ist  Lieutenant  George  H.  Pettis,  ist  California  Infantry,  at 
the  battle  of  Adobe  Walls,  Tex.,  November  25, 1864;  honorably  discharged, 
by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  service,  August  31,  1864,  at  Fort  Craig, 
N.  M. ;  returned  at  once  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  entered  the  profession 
.of  architecture;  in  the  years  1872-73-74,  whilst  employed  as  draughts 
man  in  the  department  of  yards  and  docks  at  the  navy  yard,  Mare  Island, 
Cal. ,  he  made,  under  the  directions  of  civil  engineer  Calvin  Brown,  U.  S. 
Navy,  the  original  plans  of  the  stone  dry -dock  opened  for  service  at  that 
navy  yard  in  1866.  Became  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  i,  depart 
ment  of  California,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in  May,  1882;  was 
appointed  sergeant-major  of  the  post  in  January,  1883,  and  resigned  that 
position  the  February  following.  Was  reappointed  sergeant-major  in 
January,  1884,  and  served  out  full  term;  July  23,  1884,  was  appointed 
special  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  department  commander  James  M. 
Davis,  to  perform  the  duties  of  acting  assistant  adjutant-general;  August 
18,  1884,  was  appointed  assistant  adjutant-general,  department  of  Cali 
fornia;  at  the  eighteenth  department  encampment  he  declined  to  accept 
the  offer  of  increased  back  pay  or  a  valuable  testimonial  ' '  for  his  merito 
rious  services  in  the  conduct  of  his  office  during  his  term,"  and  received 
a  resolution  of  thanks  "for  the  admirable  manner  in  which  he  had  con 
ducted  the  duties  of  his  office;"  was  elected  a  delegate  to  the  nineteenth 
department  encampment  in  February,  1886;  the  report  of  Assistant  Adju 
tant-General  W.  R.  Smedberg  (his  successor)  at  that  encampment  very 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  449 

highly  complimented  him,  especially  for  the  careful  and  thorough  instruc 
tions  which  he  had  given  to  post  officers  in  regard  to  making  out  and 
forwarding  returns  and  reports  to  department  headquarters.  He  became  a 
member  of  the  military  order  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  commandery  of  Cali 
fornia,  May  10,  1884.  Became  a  member  of  the  Society  of  California 
Volunteers  April  25,  1871,  of  which  organization  he  was  corresponding 
secretary  from  1875  to  1877  and  in  1886-87  its  president;  is  a  resident  of 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

WM.  H.  SYLVESTER. 

Was  born  May  6,  1839,  in  Plymouth,  Mass. ;  has  been  a  steam  engi 
neer;  is  at  present  a  house-painter.  Enlisted  in  the  spring  of  1862  in  the 
47th  Massachusetts  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the 
22d  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Vicksburg  and  many  skir 
mishes;  was  wounded  in  chin  and  in  head;  was  honorably  discharged 
May  4,  1865.  Comrade  Sylvester  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;'  came  to  California  in 
1867,  and  has  lived  in  Monterey,  Oakland,  and  Santa  Cruz. 


HENRY  M.  HARNEY. 

Was  born  in  Fulton  County,  Ills.,  May  19,  1839;  has  been  a  farmer, 
at  present  a  liveryman.  Enlisted  October  4,  1861,  in  Company  F  of  the 
55th  Illinois  Infantry;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  i5th 
Army  Corps;  was  honorably  discharged  in  October,  1864.  Comrade 
Harney  joined  theG.  A.  R.  in  Oregon  in  1885,  but  since  then  has  removed 
to  California,  and  is  a  member  of  Antietam  Post,  No.  63,  G.  A.  R. ,  of 
Petaluma,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


GEORGE   LAFAYETTE   BEAL. 


Was  born  at  Norway,  Me.,  May  21,  1825,  an^  was  educated  at  the 
Westbrook  Seminary  ;  before  the  war  was  engaged  in  the  book  and  express 
business.  Entered  the  Union  army  May  3,  1861,  as  captain  of  Com 
pany  G,  ist  Maine  Infantry;  subsequently  served  as  colonel  of  the  29th 
Maine  Infantry,  colonel  of  the  loth  Maine  Regiment,  brigadier-general 
and  brevet  major-general  of  U.  S.  Volunteers;  during  his  term  of  service, 
which  lasted  until  January  15,  1866,  served  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf,  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley  under  Banks 
and  Sheridan,  and  commanded  the  Eastern  Military  District  of  South 

2D 


450  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Carolina  from  July,  1865,  until  January,  1866;  at  Antietam  was  seriously 
wounded  in  both  legs  by  a  rifle-ball,  which  passed  entirely  through  the  left 
thigh  and  into  the  right.  Since  the  war  has  served  as  U.  S.  pension 
agent  at  Portland,  Me.,  and  was  adjutant-general  of  the  State  from  1880 
to  1884.  Is  now  engaged  in  manufacturing  at  Norway,  Me.  In  1867  he 
became  a  member  of  Bosworth  Post,  No.  2,  of  Portland,  and  has  served 
as  commander  of  the  department  of  Maine.  Is  at  present  a  member  of 
Harry  Rust  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Norway,  Me.,  where  he  resides. 

THOMAS  J.    TOOLE. 

Was  born  in  County  Cavan,  Ireland,  December  23,  1846;  came  to 
America  when  three  years  old;  is  a  wire-drawer  by  occupation.  Enlisted 
July  6,  1863,  in  the  69th  New  York  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private; 
was  attached  to  the  Irish  Brigade  of  the  2d  Army  Corps  under  General 
Hancock;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Cold  Harbor  and  the  Wilderness; 
was  wounded  three  times,  viz.,  in  the  hand,  groin,  and  shin;  on  account 
of  which  was  disabled  for  five  months;  was  honorably  discharged  in  Sep 
tember,  1865;  came  to  California  in  1869,  and  has  resided  in  Oakland 
since  1871;  is  a  member  of  Appomattox  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  that  place. 

WILLARD   O.  HATCH. 

Was  born  in  Jefferson,  Lincoln  County,  Me.,  September  17,  1843; 
has  been  in  the  shoe  business.  Enlisted  in  Company  K,  6th  California 
Infantry,  October  17,  1864;  served  as  private  and  corporal,  first  in  San 
Francisco  on  provost  duty  for  nine  months,  then  detailed  in  provost  mar 
shal's  office  under  Major  Moulton  for  three  months;  returned  to  duty  in 
camp  and  served  six  months  in  San  Francisco;  was  sent  to  Benicia  on 
garrison  duty  and  remained  there  two  months;  was  honorably  discharged 
from  service  October  5, 1865;  is  a  member  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Modesto,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

WILLIAM   H.  THORNBURG. 

Was  born  in  La  Porte  County,  Ind.,  December  9,  1833;  has  been  a 
farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  27th  Iowa  Infantry,  in  August,  1862, 
and  served  as  a  private;  from  the  camp  at  Dubuque,  la.,  went  up  the 
Mississippi  to  the  seat  of  the  Indian  war  at  Euclid,  Minn.,  September,  1862; 
thence  to  Cairo,  Memphis,  and  to  Moscow,  Tenn.,  scouring  the  country 
there  several  months;  in  spring  of  1863,  went  on  expedition  after  Forrest 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  451 

as  far  as  Little  Rock,  Ark.;  then  with  General  Banks  on  the  Red  River 
campaign,  then  as  far  north  as  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  on  the  raid  after  Price; 
went  back  to  New  Orleans,  and  took  part  in  attack  and  capture  of  Fort 
Blakely  and  Spanish  Fort,  Mobile;  from  there  to  Montgomery,  Ala.,  where 
he  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  in  August,  1865.  Is  a  past 
junior  and  senior  vice-commander,  and  at  present  commander  of  Grant 
Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Modesto,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


DAVID  P.   SMITH. 

Was  born  in  Morgan  County,  Ills.,  July  29,  1829,  an(^  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  was  a  carpenter  and  builder.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  nth 
Illinois  Infantry,  Augiist  20,  1861,  and  served  in  the  iyth  Army  Corps; 
was  wounded  in  the  right  hip  February  15,  1862,  at  Fort  Donelson,  and 
on  account  of  disability  was  honorably  discharged,  August  14,  1862,  at 
Cairo,  111.  Comrade  Smith  is  now  a  farmer  near  Reynolds,  Neb.,  but  a 
member  of  Woodruff  Post,  No.  113,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Washburn,  Ills.,  Having 
been  its  chaplain  and  senior  vice-commander. 


W.  R.   BRADLEY. 

Was  born  in  Rushford,  N.  Y.,  March  10,  1846;  a  carriage-trimmer  by 
trade,  at  present  a  baggage-master.  Enlisted  in  the  yth  Illinois  Cavalry, 
February,  1864,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  Cavalry  Corps 
of  the  western  department;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Nashville,  Camp- 
bellville,  Franklin,  Columbia,  Guntown,  Tupolo,  and  many  skirmishes; 
was  honorably  discharged  in  November,  1865.  Comrade  Bradley  was  a 
member  of  the  first  organized  post  in  the  United  States  (Post  No.  i, 
Decatur,  in  1866),  and  is  at  present  a  member  of  Decatur  Post,  No.  141, 
of  Decatur,  Ills.,  of  which  city  he  is  a  resident. 


ROBERT  S.   HEILFERTY. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city  December  27,  1847;  is  a  cooper  by  trade; 
at  present  a  clerk.  Enlisted  in  the  4th  Regiment  New  York  Heavy  Artil 
lery,  Company  M,  February  29,  1864,  as  a  private  and  served  as  a  corpo 
ral;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Division  of  the  2d  Army  Corps;  took  part  in 
the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  Cold  Harbor, 
Hatcher's  Run,  North  and  South  Anna  rivers,  South  Side  Railroad, 
Weldon  Railroad,  the  siege  of  Petersburg,  and  all  the  battles  that  the 


452  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

corps  engaged  in  during  his  term  of  service;  was  honorably  discharged, 
September  20,  1864,  at  Washington,  D.  C.  Comrade  Heilferty  joined 
the  G.  A.  R.  in  February,  1879,  ln  New  York  city;  is  at  present  a  mem 
ber  of  Farragut  Post,  No.  75,  G.  A.  R.,  of  the  same  place;  has  occupied 
the  positions  of  junior  vice-commander  for  three  years,  senior  vice-com 
mander  for  two  years,  and  post  commander  for  two  years.  Is  a  resident 
of  New  York  city. 

GEORGE  PIERCE  LEE. 

Was  born  at  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  April  29,  1839,  and  at  the  first  call 
for  troops  enlisted  for  three  months  in  the  3d  Massachusetts  Regiment, 
April,  1861,  and  at  the  expiration  of  term  of  service  was  appointed,  after 
examination,  an  acting  master's  mate  in  the  navy,  and  ordered  to  the 
U.  S.  steamer  Alabama  attached  to  the  South  Atlantic  blockading  squad 
ron;  took  part  in  all  the  naval  engagements  around  and  about  Charleston; 
was  successful  before  a  naval  examining  board,  and  was  promoted  to  acting 
master,  which  rank  he  retained  during  the  remainder  of  the  war;  served 
on  several  vessels  of  the  squadron,  and  was  finally  transferred  to  the  U.  S. 
steamer  Nipsic  as  executive  officer;  went  north  on  this  vessel,  and  was 
placed  on  waiting  orders  until  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  at 
New  Bedford,  Mass.,  October  28,  1865.  Comrade  Lee,  after  the  war,  took 
a  trip  to  South  America,  and  from  there  came  to  Calfornia  and  renewed  his 
medical  studies;  graduated  at  the  Pacific  Medical  College;  is  a  resident  of 
Merced,  Cal.,  where  he  is  following  his  profession  of  physician  and  sur 
geon;  joined  Hancock  Post,  No.  104,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Merced,  Cal.,  at  its  for 
mation,  and  is  the  surgeon  of  the  post. 


WM.  H.  McKEAG. 

Was  born  at  Cape  May,  N.  J.,  August  12,  1845,  and  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  was  a  school-boy.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  25th  New  Jersey 
Infantry,  August,  1862,  and,  at  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  service,  reen- 
listed,  December,  1863,  in  Company  A,  3d  New  Jersey  Cavalry;  was  a 
private  in  the  infantry  and  a  corporal  in  the  cavalry;  served  in  Custer's 
Cavalry  Division;  while  in  the  infantry  was  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg  and  Suffolk,  Va.  After 
re-enlisting  took  part  in  Grant's  overland  campaign  from  the  battle  of  the 
Wilderness  until  after  the  explosion  of  the  mine  at  Petersburg,  Va.,  July 
30,  1864;  was  in  Sheridan's  campaign  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  where 
he  received  a  slight  bullet  wound;  while  on  scout  duty  near  Winchester 
was  taken  prisoner,  but  escaped,  and  regained  the  Federal  lines  in  about 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  453 

two  weeks;  took  part  in  the  grand  review  at  Washington,  and  was  honor 
ably  discharged  September,  1865.  Comrade  McKeag,  after  the  war,  located 
in  Madison  County,  Ills. ,  where  he  was  a  deputy  sheriff;  came  to  California 
in  1882,  making  Los  Angeles  his  home,  where  he  is  now  a  police  officer;  is 
an  ex-member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  No.  6,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Los  Angeles, 
and  now  a  charter  member  and  commander  of  Gelcich  Post,  No.  106, 
G.  A.  R. ,  located  at  East  Los  Angeles. 


JAMES  W.  VAN  HORNE. 

Was  born  in  Otsego  County,  N.  Y.,  April  14,  1843,  an(^  at  the  out 
break  of  the  war  was  a  farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  E,  i2ist  N.  Y. 
Infantry,  April  14,  1862;  was  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  6th  Corps,  2d 
Division,  Bartlett' s  brigade,  and  was  in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain, 
Hampton's  Pass,  and  Antietam;  was  honorably  discharged,  for  disability, 
April  21,  1863;  some  years  after  the  war  comrade  Van  Home  came  to 
California,  and  is  now  in  the  real  estate  business  in  Los  Angeles;  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  No.  6,  G.  A.  R.,  located  in  the  above-named 
city. 

JAMES  PRIOR. 

Was  born  in  London,  England,  September  8,  1837,  and  at  the  out 
break  of  the  war  was  located  in  New  Hampshire.  Enlisted  December  4, 
1863,  as  a  private  in  Battery  B,  ist  New  Hampshire  Regiment;  for  the 
first  six  months  was  detailed  as  post  clerk  at  Concord,  N.  H.,  and  from 
that  time  until  the  close  of  the  war  was  serving  in  the  defenses  around 
Washington  and  Alexandria;  honorably  discharged  in  September,  1865, 
at  Camp  Gilmore,  N.  H.  Comrade  Prior,  after  the  close  of  the  war,  enlisted 
again  for  a  three  years'  term  in  the  2d  U.  S.  Artillery,  and  was  located  on 
the  Pacific  Coast  from  San  Francisco  to  Alaska.  Since  that  time  has  been 
in  the  private  walks  of  life  in  California,  and  is  now  a  resident  of  Los 
Angeles;  is  a  member  of  S.  K.  Warren  Post,  No.  6,  G.  A.  R.,  located  at 
Albuquerque,  N.  M. 

AMOS  A.  WOOD. 

Was  born  in  Indiana,  September  7,  1839;  has  been  a  farmer  and 
dentist.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  igth  Iowa  Infantry,  September  7,  1862; 
served  as  private  and  ist  sergeant  in  i3th  and  i6th  Army  Corps;  was 
attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  Army  of  the  Tennessee;  went 
from  Rolla,  Mo.,  down  through  Springfield;  was  in  the  battle  of  Prairie 
Grove,  Ark. ,  and  afterwards  took  part  in  the  campaign  of  General  Grant, 


454  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

through  the  siege  and  surrender  of  Vicksburg;  was  on  sick  leave  for  two 
months,  on  account  of  sunstroke,  then  rejoined  regiment  and  served  until 
close  of  the  war,  taking  part  in  many  engagements  ending  in  capture  of 
Mobile;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Davenport,  la.,  1865; 
is  ex-chaplain  and  surgeon  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  26,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Elk 
Falls,  Kas. ;  at  present  is  quartermaster-sergeant  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  Modesto,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


J.   J.   TRAMMELL. 

Was  born  in  Washington  County,  Ark.,  June  4,  1848;  has  been  a 
farmer.  Enlisted  in  Company  M,  ist  Arkansas  Cavalry,  July  24,  1863; 
served  as  private;  wras  in  the  battles  of  Jenkin's  Ferry  and  Prairie  Grove, 
Ark. ;  first  served  three  months  guard  duty  at  Springfield,  Mo. ;  was  sta 
tioned  two  years  at  Fayetteville,  Ark.,  raiding  in  different  portions  of  the 
State — Clarksville,  Fort  Smith,  and  Van  Buren;  followed  Shelby  and  Price 
into  Missouri,  fighting  all  the  way;  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of 
Cross  Timbers  while  on  picket  guard,  the  remainder  of  the  guard  being 
killed;  was  a  prisoner  forty-seven  days;  paroled  at  Cadido  Gap  by  Brooks, 
and  finally  exchanged  at  Fayetteville;  was  then  put  on  detached  service 
until  August  31,  1865,  when  he  was  honorably  discharged  at  Fayetteville, 
Ark.;  was  wounded  in  the  foot;  is  a  member  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Modesto,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 


GEORGE  W.   LEE. 

Was  born  October  20,  1840,  in  Jefferson  County,  N.  Y. ;  is  a  mechanic; 
received  a  common  school  education;  came  to  California  overland  when 
sixteen  years  old,  and  joined  his  father  and  brother,  who  had  preceded 
him  in  1846;  was  with  Fremont's  party;  soon  afterward  joined  Proctor's 
and  McMullen's  surveying  party,  and  assisted  in  surveying  portions  of  the 
C.  P.  R.  R.  route;  returned  East  in  1859;  went  to  Petersburg,  Va.,  and 
engaged  in  the  tobacco  business  until  the  outbreak  of  the  war;  two  brothers 
fought  on  the  Southern  side  and  two  on  the  Union  side.  Enlisted  in  April, 
1861,  in  Company  E  of  the  loth  Ohio  Cavalry;  took  part  in  the  battle  of 
Bull  Run  and  the  foot-race  to  Washington  which  followed;  with  others  of 
his  regiment  volunteered  to  extend  time  of  enlistment  to  two  years;  par 
ticipated  in  all  of  the  engagements  in  which  his  regiment  took  part  up  to 
April,  1863,  when  he  was  wounded  by  bayonet  and  captured;  was  confined 
in  Salisbury  Prison  for  nine  months;  term  of  service  expired  about  three 
months  after  capture;  when  released,  re-enlisted  in  Company  D  of  the  i86th 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  455 

New  York  Regiment,  and  commenced  service  at  the  Wilderness  and  ended 
at  Appomattox,  serving  in  all  four  years  and  three  months;  was  in  the 
battles  of  Shiloh,  Fredericksburg,  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  North  Anna, 
Cold  Harbor,  Petersburg,  and  Weldon  Railroad;  was  four  times  slightly 
wounded;  was  honorably  discharged  in  August,  1865;  returned  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1868,  and  engaged  in  railroading  and  gas  manufacturing.  Com 
rade  Lee  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose,  Cal., 
where  he  resides ;  is  at  present  officer  of  the  guard  of  his  post. 


EDWARD   NAUGHTON. 

Was  born  in  1844  in  Ireland;  has  been  a  clerk.  Enlisted  in  1862  in 
the  8th  New  Jersey  Infantry,  and  later  in  the  3d  New  Jersey  Cavalry; 
served  as  private,  ist  sergeant,  and  ist  lieutenant — commission  dating 
June,  1864;  was  attached  to  the  ad  Army  Corps,  and  while  in  the  cavalry 
to  the  ist  Cavalry  Corps;  took  part  in  twenty -seven  engagements;  was 
wounded  five  times,  and  lost  his  leg  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley ;  was  hon 
orably  discharged  after  the  war.  Comrade  Naughton  is  a  member  of  Gar- 
field  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  x>f  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  of  which  place  he  is  at  present 
a  resident;  has  been  adjutant  and  quartermaster  of  his  post. 

AUSTIN  C.  SHAFER. 

Was  born  at  Mount  Ephraim,  Noble  County,  Ohio,  May  19,  1844, 
and  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  was  farming.  Enlisted  in  Company  D, 
92d  Ohio  Infantry,  August  i,  1862;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Chicka- 
mauga,  Mission  Ridge,  and  all  that  were  fought  by  Sherman  from  Chatta 
nooga  to  Atlanta;  was  honorably  discharged  in  June,  1865,  at  Washington, 
after  participating  in  the  grand  review  in  that  city.  Comrade  Shafer,  after 
the  close  of  the  war,  went  to  Iowa,  where  he  graduated  from  the  Iowa  State 
University;  in  1872  he  went  to  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  and  taught  school  for 
several  years,  he  still  resides  there;  is  a  member  of  Stan  ton  Post,  No.  55, 
G.  A.  R. ,  located  at  Los  Angeles. 


CARL  LAUX,  JR. 

Was  born  in  Bavaria,  Germany,  June  24,  1842,  and  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  was  living  in  Chicago,  Ills. ;  was  in  camp  for  a  short  time  in 
that  city,  and  then  enlisted  in  Company  D,  5ist  Illinois  Infantry,  January, 
1862;  served  in  the  Army  of  the  West,  and  Sherman's  campaign;  was 
attached  to  the  4th  Corps,  3d  Division,  and  3d  Brigade,  being  most  of  the 


456  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

time  a  hospital  steward;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Island  No.  10,  Fort 
Pillow,  Pittsburg  Landing,  battle  of  Farmington,  siege  of  Corinth,  Nash 
ville,  battle  of  Stone  River,  camped  a  few  months  in  Stevenson,  Ala., 
marched  from  there  to  Chattanooga,  Tenn. ;  took  part  in  the  Atlanta 
campaign,  and  after  Hood  to  Nashville;  after  that  battle  served  in  East 
Tennessee,  and  from  there  to  New  Orleans  and  Texas;  was  honorably 
mustered  out  at  Springfield,  Ills.,  September,  1865.  Comrade  Laux,  after 
the  war,  located  in  Chicago,  where  he  was  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  that  city;  in  1884  he  came  to  Los  Angeles,  Cal., where 
he  is  now  in  the  drug  business,  and  a  member  of  Stan  ton  Post,  No.  55, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  that  place. 

WINSLOW  MALY. 

Was  born  in  Bohemia,  Austria,  July  i,  1843,  and  at  the  outbreak  of 
the  war  was  in  Minnesota.  Enlisted  in  Company  E,  Independent  Battal 
ion,  Minnesota  Cavalry,  August  24,  1864;  was  in  the  western  department; 
served  in  the  northwestern  frontier  against  the  Indians  and  guarding 
frontier  settlements;  was  at  Fort  Ripley,  near  the  head-waters  of  the  Mis 
sissippi  River,  and  in  November,  1865,  he,  with  the  whole  command,  was 
caught  in  one  of  the  great  blizzards  of  that  section  of  the  country;  was 
badly  frozen  and  eye-sight  nearly  destroyed,  and  the  whole  command 
came  near  being  lost;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  May  i,  1866. 
Comrade  Maly  is  now  following  his  trade  of  shoe-maker  at  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.,  and  is  a  member  of  Gelcich  Post,  No.  106,  G.  A.  R.,  of  the  same 
place;  is  adjutant  of  his  post. 

CHARLES  ED W ARID   WILSON. 

Was  born  in  Bradford,  Penobscot  County,  Me.,  September  n,  1839; 
has  been  a  farmer-boy,  and  was  a  school-teacher  until  1862;  since  the  close 
of  the  war  his  avocation  has  been  attorney  at  law;  resides,  and  has  prac 
ticed  his  profession,  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  since  1868.  Enlisted  in  2d 
Maine  Cavalry,  Veteran  Volunteers,  in  November,  1863,  and  served  as  a 
private,  quartermaster-sergeant,  and  sergeant-major  until  December,  1865, 
when  the  regiment  was  mustered  out  at  Barrancas,  Fla. ;  the  regiment 
served  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf  from  the  spring  of  1864  until  Decem 
ber,  1865,  in  Louisiana,  Florida,  and  Alabama;  it  took  part  in  the  Red  River 
expedition  (a  portion  of  it),  and  in  several  expeditions  into  the  interior  of 
Florida  and  southern  Alabama  for  the  purpose  of  destroying  railroads  and 
army  supplies,  notably  the  Pollard  raid  and  the  Mariana  raid  in  the  summer 
and  fall  of  1864,  in  which  sharp  engagements  were  had  with  the  enemy,  and 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  457 

the  regiment  lost  considerably  in  killed  and  wounded.  Comrade  Wilson 
was  with  the  regiment  in  all  of  its  service  except  the  Red  River  expedition ; 
joined  the  Grand  Army  first  as  a  charter  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23, 
at  Stockton,  Cal.,  in  1868,  under  the  old  regime;  afterward,  in  1879,  joined 
George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  at  San  Francisco;  served  two  terms  as 
judge-advocate  of  the  department  of  California;  in  1882,  on  staff  of  Depart 
ment  Commander  W.  A.  Robinson,  and,  in  1883,  on  staff  of  Department 
Commander  J.  W.  Staples;  as  judge-advocate  inaugurated  the  system  of 
preserving  the  decisions;  was  a  representative  to  the  igth  national  encamp-" 
ment,  held  at  Portland,  Me.,  in  June,  1885,  and  attended  the  meeting; 
was  elected  commander  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  in  January, 
1886,  which  position  he  now  holds;  was  a  member  of  the  general  com 
mittee  of  management,  2oth  national  encampment,  which  met  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  in  August,  1886,  and  chairman  of  the  excursion  committee. 


EZRA  M.   HAMILTON. 

Was  born  in  Brown  County,  Ills.,  February  22,  1833,  and  at  the  out 
break  of  the  war  was  a  farmer  and  mason.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  ist 
Minnesota  Infantry,  July,  1863,  and  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d 
Division,  2d  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  followed  the  trials  and 
fortunes  of  that  army  from  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness  through  the  over 
land  campaign  to  Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Petersburg,  and  the  surrender  of 
Lee  at  Appomattox,  and  from  there  to  Washington;  was  present  at  the  grand 
review;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  in  July,  1865.  Com 
rade  Hamilton  is  now  a  resident  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal. ,  having  served  two 
terms  as  one  of  its  city  councilmen;  is  a  member  of  Gelcich  Post,  No.  106, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  the  above  place. 


HARRY  KEEHN. 

Was  born  in  Annville,  Lebanon  County,  Pa.,  January  i,  1846,  and 
in  May,  1861,  when  only  a  boy  of  fifteen,  enlisted  at  the  first  call  for 
troops  in  Company  M,  ist  Pennsylvania  Regiment;  re-enlisted  after  the 
first  three  months;  took  part  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  and  had  two 
years  of  active  service  in  Virginia,  being  in  the  peninsula  campaign  of 
McClellan,  and  in  the  battles  of  second  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain, 
Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  and  Chancellorsville;  his  second  term  having 
expired,  after  a  short  visit  home,  re-enlisted  in  the  21 3th  Pennsylvania 
Infantry,  was  assigned  to  the  2oth  Corps  in  Tennessee;  was  orderly-ser 
geant  of  his  company ;  slightly  wounded  in  the  hand  by  a  fragment  of  a 


458  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

shell  at  the  battle  of  Lookout  Mountain;  was  with  Sherman  on  his  march 
to  Atlanta,  and  from  Atlanta  to  the  sea,  on  through  the  Carolinas,  Rich 
mond,  Va.,  and  to  Washington  and  the  grand  review;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  in  August,  1865;  enlisted  in  the  ist  U.  S.  Cavalry,  February  22, 
1866,  and  served  in  Washington  Territory  fighting  Indians;  was  mustered 
out  in  December,  1866,  for  disability.  Comrade  Keehn  is  now  a  resident 
of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  Starr  King  Post,  No.  52,  G.  A.  R., 
located  at  Santa  Barbara,  Cal. 

JOHN   DELEHANTY. 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  May  24,  1840,  and  is  by  trade  a  shoe-maker. 
Enlisted  in  Company  H,  2d  Kentucky  Volunteer  Infantry,  May  10,  1861, 
for  three  months,  and  at  the  expiration  of  term,  re-enlisted  in  the  same 
company  and  regiment  for  three  years;  served  as  a  private,  corporal,  and 
orderly-sergeant;  belonged  to  the  ist  Brigade,  4th  Division,  i4th  Army 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Gauley 
Bridge,  W.  Va.,  Shiloh,  Stone  River,  Perry ville,  and  Chickamauga;  was 
wounded  in  right  arm  near  shoulder  at  battle  of  Stone  River;  captured  at 
Chickamauga,  September  19,  1863,  and  while  a  prisoner  on  the  battle 
field,  received  a  saber  cut  in  right  leg  between  ankle  and  knee;  was 
retained  a  prisoner  for  fourteen  months,  of  which  time  he  spent  seven 
at  Andersonville,  where  he  was  wounded  in  the -right  hand,  being  fired  at 
by  prison  guard;  was  afterward  removed  to  Milieu,  Ga. ;  was  in  such  a 
weak  condition  that  he  could,  not  walk,  but  crawled  on  his  hands  and 
knees;  from  want  of  food  was  almost  starved;  paroled  at  Savannah,  Ga., 
November  20,  1864,  and  from  there  was  sent  to  Parol  Camp,  at  Annapolis, 
Md. ,  where  he  remained  until  February  16,  1865;  mustered  out  of  service 
at  Louisville,  Ky.,  March  2,  1865.  Is  a  member  and  quartermaster-ser 
geant  of  W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Santa  Cruz,  Cal. ,  where  he 
resides. 

D'ARCY  M.   CASHIN. 

Was  born  November  3,  1846,  in  Ireland;  has  been  identified  with 
various  mercantile  pursuits;  a  carriage-maker  by  trade;  is  at  present 
Recorder  of  San  Francisco  County,  and  is  engaged  in  the  wholesale  wine 
and  liquor  business.  Enlisted  March  12,  1862,  in  the  ist  Connecticut 
Artillery;  re-enlisted  March  16,  1863;  served  as  a  sergeant  in  Battery  C, 
and  as  acting  sergeant-major  of  the  3d  Battalion  of  the  same  regiment. 
(This  regiment  was  in  the  siege-train  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was 
composed  of  both  heavy  and  light  artillery,  and  served  with  the  different 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  459 

corps  as  needed.)  Was  present  at  and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  York- 
town,  Chickahominy,  Hanover  Court-house,  Savage  Station,  Malvern  Hill, 
Drewry's  Bluff,  Petersburg,  the  principal  battles  around  Richmond,  about 
fifty  artillery  duels  along  the  James  River  and  at  Petersburg,  Petersburg 
Mine,  etc.;  was  wounded  by  shell  in  the  head  at  Malvern  Hill;  was  hon 
orably  discharged  on  account  of  wound,  but  re-enlisted  in  the  same  regi 
ment  six  months  afterward,  and  served  until  the  end  of  the  war;  was 
finally  mustered  out  September  25,  1865.  Comrade  Cashin  originally 
joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  but  has  since  transferred  to  San 
Francisco,  where  he  has  served  one  term  as  commander  of  Lincoln  Post, 
two  terms  as  commander  of  Meade  Post,  and  one  term  as  department 
inspector;  is  at  present  a  resident  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


JOHN   WESLEY  STILL. 

Was  born  February  17,  1836,  in  New  Market,  Jefferson  County, Tenn. ; 
has  been  a  real  estate  agent,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits.  Enlisted 
December  28,  1864,  in  the  8th  California  Infantry,  and  served  as  sergeant 
and  as  company  and  regimental  clerk;  was  honorably  discharged  Novem 
ber  24,  1865,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.;  was  formerly  a  resident  of  Kansas, 
and,  in  1856,  established,  at  Baldwin  city  in  that  State,  The  Kansas  Mes 
senger;  went  to  Mexico  in  1859,  to  Colorado  in  1860,  to  Nevada  in  1862, 
and  in  1863  to  California;  since  1879  has  resided  in  Washington  Territory; 
was  for  four  years  justice  of  the  peace  at  the  county-seat  of  Spokane 
County,  Washington  Ty. ;  was  the  founder  of  the  town  of  Colville,  in 
Stevens  County,  and  was  connected  with  the  laying-out  of  the  towns  of 
Fairweather  and  Davenport,  in  Lincoln  County,  Washington  Ty.  Com 
rade  Still  is  a  member  of  George  Wright  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Cheney, 
Washington  Ty. ,  and  at  present  a  resident  of  Oakland,  Cal. 


HINSON   GUNTER. 

Was  born  in  Greencastle,  Putnam  County,  Ind.,  May  5,  1845,  and 
has  been  a  farmer;  is  at  present  a  viticulturist.  Enlisted  first  in  Company 
B,  27th  Missouri  Infantry,  in  September,  1861,  and  was  discharged  in 
February,  1862,  by  reason  of  disability,  arising  from  a  severe  attack  of 
measles;  re-enlisted  in  Company  M,  3d  Iowa  Cavalry,  in  June,  1863; 
served  as  a  private;  three  of  his  brothers  enlisted  with  him  in  the  3d  Iowa; 
served  in  the  Department  of  Missouri  and  Department  of  Mississippi,  and 
was  attached  to  Wilson's  cavalry  command;  was  in  the  battles  of  Browns 
ville,  Bayou  Metoe,  Little  Rock,  Bentonville,  Pine  Bluffs,  Arkadelphia, 


460  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Ark.,  Salisbury,  Term.,  Salem,  Miss.,  Gnntown,  Tupelo,  and  Oldtown 
Creek;  in  the  action  at  the  last-named  place  had  a  foot  crushed  by  plung 
ing  of  a  horse,  necessitating  the  amputation  of  some  of  his  toes,  for  which 
injury  he  receives  a  pension;  until  thus  laid  up  was  never  absent  from 
company  a  day,  nor  missed  an  action  in  which  his  company  was  engaged; 
as  soon  as  fit  for  active  service  reported  for  duty,  and  remained  with  com 
pany  until  after  the  close  of  the  war,  being  mustered  out  at  Atlanta,  Ga. , 
August  9,  1865;  on  return  to  private  life  engaged  in  farming  at  his  old 
home  in  Iowa  until  1882,  when  he  came  to  California;  is  a  member  of 
John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  San  Jose,  Cal. ,  where  he  resides. 

HENRY   B.   MULLINS. 

Was  born  in  London,  England,  September  19,  1823,  an<^  ^s  a  tailor 
by  trade.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  lyoth  New  York  Volunteers,  August 
26,  1862,  for  three  years,  or  during  the  war;  served  as  a  private  for  five 
months;  was  then  appointed  issuing  clerk  and  acting  brigade  quarter 
master-sergeant;  belonged  to  General  Michael  Corcoran' s  legion;  recom 
mended  for  promotion  to  2d  lieutenant,  but  before  commission  was  made 
out  was  taken  sick  with  fever  from  exposure,  and  sent  to  general  hospital 
at  Hampton,  Va. ;  the  effects  of  the  disease  were  such  as  to  leave  him  unfit 
for  active  service,  and,  in  consequence,  he  was  discharged  at  Fortress 
Monroe,  Va.,  October  31,  1863,  on  surgeon's  certificate  of  disability.  Is 
a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where 
he  resides. 

JAMES   PETTITT. 

Was  born  in  Polk  County,  Tenn.,  March  6,  1840,  and  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  was  engaged  in  farming.  Enlisted  in  Company  E,  6th  Ten 
nessee  Volunteer  Infantry;  served  as  a  private;  the  regiment  was  organized 
within  the  Union  lines  in  Kentucky,  and  composed  of  Tennessee  Union 
ists,  many  of  whom,  like  young  Pettitt,  traveling  400  miles  from  their 
homes  amidst  Secessionists  to  join  it,  and  from  apprehension  of  being  inter 
cepted  and  made  prisoners  coming  in  squads  of  two  or  three  together,  so 
as  not  to  attract  attention;  belonged  to  the  23d  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the 
battles  of  Stone  River,  Missionary  Ridge,  and  a  number  of  other  engage 
ments;  was  wounded  in  action  at  Lost  Mountain  by  a  minie-ball  through 
right  arm;  sent  to  hospital  at  Murfreesboro,  Tenn.;  while  convalescing 
joined  General  Van  Cleve's  command,  and  assisted  in  successfully  resist 
ing  the  attack  of  the  Confederate  general  Wheeler;  afterwards  with  Gen 
eral  Milroy  when  he  captured  some  800  of  the  command  of  the  Confederate 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  461 

general  Forrest;  rejoined  regiment  at  Kinston,  N.  C.,  and  proceeded 
with  it,  skirmishing  the  whole  distance  to  Goldsboro,  N.  C.,  where 
junction  was  formed  with  General  Sherman's  army;  was  mustered  out  at 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  April  27,  1865;  engaged  in  merchandising  at  Cleve 
land,  Tenn. ,  until  1873,  when  he  removed  to  California,  and  since  has 
been  variously  employed — superintendent  of  water-works  at  Gilroy,  then 
with  San  Jose  water  company,  and  at  present  constable  of  Santa  Clara 
County;  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal., 
his  place  of  residence. 

JOSEPH  V.  DODDS. 

Was  born  October  5,  1838,  in  Montgomery  County,  Ohio;  has  been, 
and  still  is,  a  farmer.  Enlisted  August  13,  1862,  in  the  22d  Iowa  Infantry, 
and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  i3th  and  i9th  Army  Corps; 
took  part  in  the  battles  of  Port  Gibson,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  siege  and 
battle  of  Jackson,  Miss.,  Winchester,  Fisher's  Hill,  and  Cedar  Creek,  Va. ; 
was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  August  3,  1865.  Comrade 
Dodds  is  a  member  of  McPherson  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Hanford,  Tulare 
County,  Cal. ,  where  he  resides. 

GEORGE.  S.  MERRILL. 

Was  born  March  10,  1837,  in  Methuen,  Mass.;  after  a  common  school 
education  learned  the  printer's  trade,  and  in  1860  was  editor  and  sole  pro 
prietor  of  the  Lawrence  American,  which  position  he  still  occupies;  was 
for  eight  years  president  of  the  Massachusetts  Press  Association;  was  com 
missioned  ist  lieutenant  of  Company  B  of  the  4th  Massachusetts  Volun 
teers,  September  6,  1862,  and  was  promoted  to  captain,  December  8th 
following;  was  with  the  Banks  expedition  to  Louisiana,  and  took  part  in 
the  siege  of  Port  Hudson  and  other  operations  in  that  department;  in 
1863  was  especially  commended  for  bravery  in  rescuing  the  steamer 
Louisiana  Belle  from  capture  by  guerrillas;  was  mustered  out  August  28, 
1863;  has  been  postmaster  of  Lawrence,  Mass.,  for  twenty  years;  was  for 
five  years  a  member  of  the  city  council,  two  years  its  president,  and  is  a 
trustee  of  the  Public  Library;  from  1866  to  1869  was  adjutant  of  the  6th 
Regiment,  Massachusetts  Militia,  four  years  captain  of  the  4th  Battery  of 
Light  Artillery,  and  since  then  major  of  the  ist  Battalion  of  Light  Artillery. 
Comrade  Merrill  is  a  member  of  Needham  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Lawrence, 
Mass.,  where  he  resides;  was  a  charter  member  of  his  post,  and  its  first 
commander;  was  department  commander  in  1875,  and  Commander-in- 
Chief  of  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1881;  for  the  past  five  years  has  been  chairman 


462  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

of  the  National  Grand  Army  Pension  Committee;  of  the  twenty  national 
encampments  held,  he  has  attended  eighteen;  is  a  member  of  the  military 
order  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  of  which  he  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  council,  and  then  senior  vice-commander;  has  also  been  commander 
of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  of  Boston,  an  organization  charted 
in  1638. 

WOODARD   HODGSON. 

Was  born  July  5,  1846,  in  Au  Sable  Forks,  Clinton  County,  N.  Y. ; 
has  been  an  engineer,  is  at  present  a  railroad  constructor.  Enlisted 
November  3,  1861,  in  the  ist  U.  S.  Sharpshooters(Berdan's)and  served  as 
a  private,  corporal,  sergeant,  2d  lieutenant,  and  captain,  commissions  dat 
ing  May  22,  1864,  and  September  20,  1864;  was  attached  to  the  5th  and 
3d  Army  Corps,  afterwards  consolidated  with  the  2d  Corps;  took  part  in 
the  battles  at  Big  Bethel,  siege  of  Yorktown,  skirmish  at  White  House, 
battles  of  Hanover  Court-house,  Fair  Oaks,  Peach  Orchard,  Savage 
Station,  White  Oak  Swamp,  Charles  City  Cross-roads,  Federicksburg,  Chari- 
cellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Kelly's  Ford,  Paine' s  Farm,  Wilderness,  Spottsyl- 
vania  (six  days  skirmishing),  North  Anna,  Cold  Harbor,  Shady  Grove 
Church,  Petersburg  (skirmishing  five  days),  Jerusalem  Plank  Road,  Deep 
Bottom,  Oak  Grove  Church,  Reams'  Station,  Mine  Run.  Ellis  Ford, 
Boyden  Plank  Road;  was  wounded  three  times:  ist,  gimshot  wound  in 
head  at  Charles  City  Cross-roads;  2d,  gimshot  wound  in  the  face  at  Chan- 
cellorsville;  and  last,  gunshot  wound  in  head  at  Mine  Run;  was  honorably 
discharged  at  Petersburg  at  the  close  of  the  war.  Comrade  Hodgson  is  a 
member  of  James  B.  McKean  Post,  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  where  he 
resides;  has  been  junior  vice-commander  of  his  post. 


THOMAS  H.   HOWE. 

Was  born  March  7,  1846,  in  Lyme,  Conn. ;  has  been  a  sailor  and 
engaged  in  other  avocations;  is  at  present  engaged  as  a  salesman. 
Enlisted  February  15,  1863,  in  the  78th  New  York  Infantry,  afterwards 
known  as  the  io2d  Infantry  from  the  same  State;  served  as  a  private;  was 
brevetted  2d  lieutenant  January  n,  1867;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade, 
2d  Division,  20 th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  Sherman's  campaign  up  to 
Atlanta;  was  wounded  in  leg  and  taken  prisoner  in  battle  of  Peach  Tree 
Creek,  July  20,  1864;  was  imprisoned  at  Andersonville  for  over  three 
months;  when,  with  others,  having  volunteered  to  act  as  nurse  for  sick  com 
rades,  was,  with  them,  put  on  board  a  train  to  take  them  to  Milieu,  Ga. , 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  4H3 

when  nearly  at  their  destination,  he,  with  one  comrade,  escaped  by  jump 
ing  from  the  swiftly  moving-  train;  fortunately  neither  was  severely  injured; 
from  that  time  until  April,  1865,  when  he  reached  the  Federal  lines,  he 
was  wandering  in  the  swamps  endeavoring  to  reach  the  Union  Army, 
being  assisted  and  supported  by  colored  people  during  those  five  months, 
a  full  account  of  which  has  recently  been  published;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  June  21,  1865;  was  one  of  the  principal  witnesses  at  the  trial  of 
Wirtz  the  keeper  of  Andersonville ;  since  the  war  has  lived  in  various 
places;  in  October,  1867,  after  his  return  home,  was  appointed  postmaster 
of  Greenville,  Hudson  County,  N.  J.;  is  at  present  a  resident  of  San  Fran 
cisco,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  that  place. 


ELEAZER  J.   YOUNG. 

Was  born  March  26,  1843,  ^n  Lincolnville,  Waldo  County,  Me.;  has 
been  a  farmer,  carpenter,  machinist,  and  general  mechanic;  is  at  present  a 
wagon  and  carriage  maker.  Enlisted  June  5,  1861,  in  Company  H  of  the 
4th  Maine  Volunteers;  served  as  a  private  and  as  musician;  was  attached 
to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  3d  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battle 
at  first  Bull  Run,  was  on  the  Peninsula  with  McClellan,  and  all  of  the 
principal  engagements  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  until  honorably 
discharged,  July  19,  1864.  Comrade  Young  is  a  member  of  Kearsarge 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Ukiah,  Mendocino  County,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


FREDERICK  BRANDT. 

Was  born  in  Denmark  in  1835,  and  is  a  house-painter  by  trade;  came 
to  the  United  States  in  1863.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  35th  Massachusetts 
Infantry,  in  July,  1863,  and  re-enlisted  in  Company  A,  i4th  U.  S.  Infan 
try,  September  4,  1865;  served  as  a  private,  corporal,  duty-sergeant,  and 
orderly-sergeant;  during  first  enlistment  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade, 
ist  Division,  gth  Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Fredericks- 
burg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Vicksburg,  Port  Hudson,  Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania,  North  Anna,  Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Petersburg,  Weldon 
Railroad,  and  Jerusalem  Plank  Road;  in  the  latter  action  was  wounded 
in  left  knee  by  fragment  of  shell  and  taken  prisoner;  sent  to  Libby  Prison 
at  Richmond,  Va.,  and  was  in  confinement  five  months  before  being 
paroled  and  exchanged;  rejoined  regiment  before  Petersburg,  Va.,  in 
February,  1865,  and  was  wounded  in  shoulder  by  rifle-shot  while  on  picket; 
continued  on  duty  participating  in  all  the  actions  thereafter  until  the 
surrender  at  Appomattox;  on  his  re-enlistment  in  the  i4th  U.  S.  Infantry, 


464  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

was  stationed  for  a  time  in  California,  and  then  in  Arizona  and  New 
Mexico,  where  detachments  of  the  regiment  were  engaged  in  scouting 
and  Indian  skirmishes;  was  finally  mustered  out  at  Fort  Yuma,  Ari 
zona,  September  4,  1868,  by  expiration  of  term  of  service;  on  returning 
to  private  life  resumed  his  trade  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  where  he  resided 
from  1868  to  1870,  then  went  to  Illinois,  where  he  remained  until  1884, 
when  he  again  returned  to  California.  Is  a  member  and  officer  of  the 
guard  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal.,  where  he  now 
resides. 

ALFRED  SOLOMON  ISAACS. 

Was  born  January  21,  1837,  in  Russia;  has  been  in  the  express  and 
printing  business;  is  at  present  a  speculator  in  diamonds.  Enlisted  in 
November,  1861,  in  the  95th  N.  Y.  Infantry,  and  served  as  private,  ser 
geant,  and  color-bearer;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  ist 
Army  Corps,  and  to  the  4th  Division  of  the  5th  Corps;  was  breve tted  2d 
lieutenant;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Cedar  Mountain,  White  Sulphur 
Springs,  Games'  Mills,  second  Bull  Run,  Chantilly,  South  Mountain, 
Antietam,  Lovettsville,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg, 
Wilderness,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  Bethesda  Church,  Laurel  Hill, 
Charles  City  Cross-roads,  Petersburg,  and  Weldon  Railroad;  was  wounded 
at  Antietam  and  Gettysburg;  was  captured  at  Gettysburg  and  detained 
three  days.  Comrade  Isaacs  first  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1866,  and  is  at 
present  a  member  of  James  A.  Garfield  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  surgeon,  sergeant-major,  adjutant,  assist 
ant  inspector,  and  junior  vice-commander  of  his  post. 

GEORGE   HENRY  PRESCOTT. 

Was  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  March  6,  1840,  and  has  been  a  sea 
faring  man;  his  present  occupation  is  whip-making;  at  the  age  of  eighteen 
went  to  sea  in  a  whaling-ship,  and  spent  four  years  in  Arctic  whaling; 
then  went  into  the  merchant  service,  and  at  twenty-three  years  of  age  was 
second  mate  of  a  ship,  when  he  was  appointed  master's  mate  in  the  United 
States  Navy  August  9,  1864;  served  in  the  United  States  steamers  Juniata 
and  Susquehanna;  was  in  the  two  attacks  on  Fort  Fisher,  serving  in  the 
last  attack  in  the  assaulting  party  of  sailors  and  marines,  having  volun 
teered  for  that  purpose,  and  also  in  the  naval  bombardment  of  Charleston, 
S.  C. ;  was  honorably  discharged  August  1 1 ,  1 866 ;  his  resignation  was  not 
at  first  accepted,  on  account  of  his  having  been  recommended  for  promo 
tion;  re-entered  the  merchant  service  and  made  a  voyage  to  Valparaiso, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  465 

Chili,  as  first  officer  of  the  ship,  on  the  return  voyage  acting  as  master, 
the  captain  of  the  vessel  being  incapacitated  from  duty  in  consequence  of 
a  paralytic  stroke  shortly  after  leaving  port;  served  afterwards  in  the  steam 
mercantile  marine,  being  first  officer  in  the  Atlantic  coasting  steamers  Old 
Dominion,  Savannah,  Havana,  and  the  vessels  of  the  Pacific  Mail  Steam 
ship  Company;  in  1873  ^e^  the  sea  and  settled  down  at  Westfield,  Mass., 
where  he  at  present  resides;  is  a  member  of  Lyon  Post,  No.  41,  G.  A.  R., 
at  that  place;  has  been  post  quartermaster,  aid-de-camp  to  department 
commander,  and  is  now  post  commander. 

HERBERT   R.    STARKHOUSE. 

Was  born  August  23,  1844,  in  Jefferson  County,  N.  Y. ;  is  a  mechanic. 
Enlisted  in  August,  1864,  in  Company  G,  loth  New  York  Heavy  Artillery, 
and  served  as  a  private  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  mustered  out  in 
July,  1865;  .was  attached  to  the  5th  Provisional  Brigade,  5th  Army  Corps; 
was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Bermuda  Hundred.  Comrade  Starkhouse 
is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

ELI   M.    LASHBROOKS. 

Was  born  in  Gouverneur,  St.  Lawrence  County,  N.  Y.,  August  i, 
1831,  and  is  a  carpenter  and  building  contractor.  Enlisted  in  Company 
D,  2d  Wisconsin  Cavalry,  in  1862;  served  as  a  private;  spent  his  entire 
term  of  service  in  Missouri  and  the  southwest  portion  of  that  State  guard 
ing  railroad  property  and  bridges,  hunting  guerrillas  and  bushwhackers, 
with  whom  the  company  was  engaged  in  frequent  skirmishes;  constantly 
on  the  move,  without  tents  or  quarters,  exposed  to  unseen  foes,  the  duty 
was  arduous  and  hazardous,  though  in  contrast  with  greater  operations 
almost  thankless,  not  being  generally  appreciated;  honorably  discharged 
at  Rowley,  Wis.,  in  August,  1863;  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

McKENDREE  N.  DODGE. 

Was  born  April  7,  1844,  in  Rockland,  N.  Y. ;  was  a  farmer  before  the 
war;  since  and  at  present  a  merchant.  Enlisted  August  22,  1862,  in  Com 
pany  C  of  the  1 43d  N.  Y.  Infantry,  and  served  as  corporal  and  sergeant; 
was  in  the  defenses  of  Washington  during  the  winter  of  1862-63;  was 
then  sent  to  Suffolk,  Va.,  thence  to  West  Point,  Yorktown,  White  House 
Landing,  to  Washington  and  Frederick  city,  Md. ,  following  up  the  retreat 

2E 


4G6  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

of  Lee,  after  which  was  transferred  to  the  army  of  the  west;  was  in  the 
engagement  at  Wanhatchie,  and  with  Sherman  in  his  campaigns  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  was  in  the  battle  of  Resaca,  and  was  wounded  at  Peach 
Tree  Creek,  and  at  the  battles  of  Averysboro  and  Bentonville;  was  honor 
ably  discharged  July  20,  1865.  Comrade  Dodge  is  a  member  of  W.  T. 
Morgan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Rockland,  N.  Y.;  has  been  commander  of  his 
post  since  1882. 

JOHN    S.  KOUNTZ. 

Was  born  in  Richfield  Centre,  Lucas  County,  Ohio,  March  25,  1846; 
attended  school  until  fourteen  years  of  age,  then  worked  in  a  flour-mill 
until  September  30,  1861,  when  he  enlisted  as  a  drummer-boy  in  Com 
pany  G,  37th  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry;  served  first  in  the  Army  of  West 
Virginia  and  afterwards  in  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  i5th  Army  Corps; 
took  part  in  the  battles  of  Princeton  and  Fayetteville,  W.  Va.,  Vicksburg, 
Jackson,  and  Haines'  BlufF,  Miss.,  and  Mission  Ridge,  Tenn. ;  was  severely 
wounded  in  the  last-named  action  November  25,  1863.  A  description  of 
the  battle  contains  the  following  account:  "When  the  drum  corps  of  the 
37th  Ohio  was  ordered  to  the  rear  preparatory  to  the  charge,  the  little 
drummer-boy  threw  away  his  drum,  and,  falling  in  with  his  company,  was 
wounded  in  the  first  assault,  being  shot  in  the  left  leg  and  left  on  the  field 
under  the  enemy's  guns,  until  rescued  by  a  comrade  of  the  company  to 
which  he  belonged."  The  bones  were  so  much  shattered  as  to  necessitate 
the  amputation  of  his  leg.  This  episode  has  been  made  the  subject  of  a 
poem  by  Mrs.  Kate  B.  Sherwood,  entitled,  "The  Drummer  Boy  of  Mis 
sion  Ridge,"  which  has  been  recited  the  country  over,  and  by  which 
sobriquet  comrade  Kountz  is  generally  known  among  his  comrades  of  the 
Grand  Army.  He  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  April  25,  1864. 

Upon  return  to  civil  life  attended  school  for  a  year  and  then  accepted 
a  position  in  the  office  of  the  county  treasurer;  when  twenty-five  years  of 
age  was  elected  treasurer  of  Lucas  County,  and  at  the  expiration  of  his 
term  of  office  was  chosen  recorder;  is  now  engaged  in  the  fire  insurance 
business  at  Toledo,  Ohio,  his  place  of  residence;  has  been  connected  with 
the  G.  A.  R.  since  its  organization  in  1866;  was  the  first  adjutant  of  For- 
syth  Post  at  Toledo,  serving  three  terms;  afterwards  vice-commander,  and 
then  quartermaster-general  of  the  department;  was  three  times  elected 
commander  of  Forsyth  Post,  one  of  the  largest  in  the  State,  and  in  1881 
was  chosen  department  commander;  during  his  term  established  over  160 
posts  and  increased  the  membership  from  1,950  to  over  8,000;  was  elected 
Commander-in-Chief  of  the  G.  A.  R.  at  the  national  encampment  (i8th) 
held  at  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  in  July,  1884;  during  his  official  term  visited 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  467 

thirty-four  departments  and  traveled  over  30,000  miles  in  the  interests  of 
the  order;  the  only  States  not  visited  by  him  were  Florida,  Arkansas,  and 
New  Mexico.  One  of  the  features  of  his  administration  was  in  reference  to 
the  bearing  of  the  Grand  Army  to  the  Catholic  Church,  and  the  obtaining, 
through  a  special  committee  appointed  for  that  purpose,  of  which  General 
Rosecrans  was  chairman,  the  expression  of  opinion  from  the  highest 
authorities  of  the  church,  "that  the  Society  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic,  as  now  organized  and  conducted,  is  not  in  the  ecclesiastical 
meaning  of  the  phrase,  '  a  secret  society;'  and  that  Catholics  may  with  all 
good  conscience  belong  to  it." 

In  the  presidential  contest  which  occurred  during  his  official  term,  he 
called  the  attention  of  comrades  to  the  absolute  necessity  of  keeping  poli 
tics  away  from  Grand  Army  matters.  He  issued  a  general  order  on  the 
subject  in  which  he  said:  "While  it  must  be  conceded  by  all  that  no  class 
of  citizens  have  a  higher  right  to  freely  express  their  political  opinion  and 
take  part  in  the  campaign  as  their  convictions  shall  dictate  than  those 
who  through  unselfish  patriotism  went  forth  to  save  the  nation,  yet  the 
Commander-in-Chief  deems  it  his  duty  to  remind  comrades  that  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic  is  strictly  non-partisan." 

The  small  button  worn  in  the  left  lapel  of  the  coat  as  a  mark  of 
membership  in  the  Grand  Army  was  adopted  during  the  administration  of 
Commander-in-Chief  Kountz. 

H.   A.   GORIvEY. 

Was  born  in  Union  town,  Pa. ;  has  been  a  printer,  and  is  at  present  a 
merchant;  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Mexican  War  joined  Company  H,  2d 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  as  drummer-boy,  being  then  fourteen  years  of 
age;  was  shortly  afterward  sent  home  sick.  In  1857  was  commander  of 
the  Fulton  Guards,  in  Vermont,  Fulton  County,  Ills.,  and  tendered  the 
company's  services  to  the  governor  of  the  State  to  aid  in  the  suppression 
of  civil  strife  in  Kansas;  in  1860  commanded  the  San  Jose",  Cal.,  Volun 
teers;  when  the  Rebellion  broke  out,  in  1861,  offered  the  company's  serv 
ices  to  the  governor  of  California,  who  accepted  them;  was  ordered  to  San 
Francisco,  and  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  September 
i,  1861;  was  commissioned,  September  10,  1861,  captain  Company  D,  ist 
California  Infantry,  which  afterward  formed  part  of  the  column  from  Cal 
ifornia;  marched  from  Los  Angeles  to  the  Rio  Grande  under  General 
Carleton;  disarmed  Sho waiter's  rebel  command,  after  its  capture,  at  Fort 
Wright,  Southern  California,  by  Lieutenant  Hellman's  cavalry  and  his 
company,  in  January,  1862;  took  command  of  Camp  Wright  after  Show- 
alter' s  capture,  and  discovered  that  the  rebel  officer  had  been  a  former 


468  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

school-mate.  June  n,  1862,  left  Camp  Wright  with  one-half  of  his  com 
pany  for  Fort  Yuma  on  the  Colorado  River,  taking  a  portion  of  the  rebel 
prisoners  with  him;  after  marching  eight  days,  having  faced  sand-storms 
and  undergone  other  trials,  arrived  at  the  fort  without  the  loss  of  a  man; 
resigned  to  take  a  position  in  the  86th  Pennsylvania  Regiment,  but  was 
deprived  of  the  privilege,  on  account  of  a  law  of  the  State  requiring  all 
promotions  to  be  made  from  the  ranks  of  Pennsylvania  troops,  then  in  the 
field;  commanded  the  Union  Guard  of  San  Francisco  in  1865;  was  presi 
dent  of  the  Society  of  California  Volunteers  in  1872,  and  commanded  the 
Grant  Guard  of  San  Francisco.  Comrade  Gorley  is  a  member  of  General 
McDowell  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  San  Rafael,  Cal.,  where  he  now  resides. 


HARRISON    McCOY. 

A  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  was  born  in  Iowa  in  December,  1840; 
has  been  a  lumberman  and  cigar  dealer.  Enlisted  September,  1861,  in 
Company  E,  4th  California  Regiment,  and  served  as  a  private  in  California 
and  Washington  Ty.  Comrade  McCoy  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post, 
No.  23,  G.  A.  R.,  Department  of  California,  at  his  place  of  residence. 


SAMUEL  HENERY. 

Was  born  June  24,  1842,  at  Steubenville,  Ohio;  has  been  engaged  in 
steamboating.  Enlisted  in  the  Xl.  S.  Navy  and  served  as  an  engineer  in 
the  Mississippi  squadron;  was  in  the  battles  at  Nashville  and  Johnson- 
ville;  was  honorably  discharged  in  the  fall  of  1865.  Comrade  Henery  is  a 
member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  his  present 
place  of  residence;  has  been  post  commander. 


V.    A.    TAMBLING. 

* 

Was  born  February  25,  1820,  in  St.  Lawrence  County,  N.  Y. ;  is  a 
carpenter,  by  trade.  Enlisted  April  20,  1861,  in  the  nth  Illinois  Infantry, 
a  three  months'  regiment;  was  mustered  out  at  the  expiration  of  term  of 
service,  and  re-enlisted  in  Company  C  of  the  53d  Illinois  Infantry  October 
25,  1861,  for  three  years;  was  discharged  January  i,  1864,  on  account  of 
re-enlistment  in  the  U.  S.  Veterans;  was  again  discharged  as  ist  sergeant 
November  i,  1864,  to  accept  promotion  to  2d  lieutenant  of  Company  G, 
i3th  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry;  after  the  battle  of  Nashville  was  recom 
mended  for  promotion  to  ist  lieutenant,  and  was  so  commissioned;  during 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  469 

this  varied  service  he  served  in  the  i5th,  lyth,  and  25th  Army  Corps; 
took  part  in  the  battles  of  Hatchie  River,  siege  of  Corinth,  siege  of  Vicks- 
burg,  the  battle  of  Nashville,  and  others;  was  finally  mustered  out  of  serv 
ice  January  10,  1866.  Comrade  Tambling  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  for  several 
years  and  still  is  chaplain  of  his  post. 

GEORGE  M.  TURNER. 

Was  born  November  16,  1842,  in  Providence,  R.  I.;  is  a  machinist  by 
trade.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  3d  Rhode  Island  Heavy  Artillery,  and 
served  as  private,  corporal,  and  sergeant;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Port 
Royal,  siege  of  Charleston,  Popotaligo,  etc. ;  was  honorably  discharged 
August  31,  1864.  Comrade  Turner  is  a  member  of  Slocum  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Providence,  R.  I.,  where  he  resides. 


GEORGE    STONEMAN. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Busti,  Chautauqua  County,  N.  Y.,  August  8, 
1822.  Entered  the  United  States  military  academy  at  West  Point  as  a  cadet 
in  1842,  and,  on  graduating,  July  i,  1846,  was  appointed  brevet  2d  lieuten 
ant,  ist  Dragoons;  2d  lieutenant,  July  12,  1847;  served  during  the  war  with 
Mexico  in  New  Mexico  and  California,  and  for  a  time  acted  as  adjutant  of  the 
Mormon  Battalion,  which  had  been  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United 
States  for  duty  on  the  Pacific  Coast;  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant,  July  25, 
1854;  regimental  adjutant,  ist  Dragoons,  October  22,  1854;  on  the  addi 
tion  of  two  regiments  of  cavalry  and  two  of  infantry  to  the  Regular  Army 
in  1855,  was  among  the  officers  selected  for  promotion,  and  assignment  to 
the  new  regiments;  commissioned  captain,  2d  Cavalry — now  the  5th  Cav 
alry,  in  the  rearrangement  of  the  mounted  regiments — March  3,  1855; 
major,  ist  Cavalry,  May  9,  1861;  lieutenant-colonel,  3d  Cavalry,  March  30, 
1864,  and,  on  the  reorganization  of  the  Regular  Army  after  the  war,  was 
appointed  colonel  of  the  2 ist  Infantry;  brevetted  colonel  United  States 
Army,  December  18,  1862,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;"  brevet  brigadier-general,  March  13,  1865, 
"  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  capture  of  Charlotte,  N.  C.;" 
brevet  major-general,  March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  serv 
ices  in  the  field  during  the  war."  Was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  vol 
unteers,  August  13,  1861,  and  major-general  of  volunteers,  November  29, 
1862;  mustered  out  of  volunteer  service,  September  i,  1866;  served  with 
the  3d  and  23d  Infantry  Corps,  and  in  command  of  the  Cavalry  Corps, 


470  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  in  every  battle  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
to,  and  including,  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville;  and  under  generals 
McClellan,  Burnside,  and  Hooker;  with  General  Sherman  from  Chatta 
nooga  to  Atlanta;  commanded  in  many  cavalry  raids  and  expeditions,  both 
while  connected  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  with  that  under  General 
Sherman;  was  military  governor  of  Virginia  in  1869;  in  command  of  the 
military  department  of  Arizona  in  1872,  and  was  during  this  period  retired 
from  active  service  at  his  own  request,  making  his  home  at  his  orange  and 
vineyard  ranche,  at  San  Gabriel,  near  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Has,  since  his 
retirement,  served  two  terms  as  a  member  of  the  board  of  railroad  com 
missioners,  also  as  a  member  of  the  board  of  United  States  commissioners 
of  Indian  affairs,  and,  in  1882,  was  elected  governor  of  the  State  of  Cali 
fornia.  His  term  of  office  ended  January  i,  1887.  Governor  Stoneman 
is  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  No.  6,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


JOHN  G.   EDWARDS. 

Was  born  in  Boone  County,  Ind.,  January  25,  1846;  has  been  a  fanner, 
and  is  at  present  a  publisher  and  the  editor  of  the  Coast  Review.  Enlisted  in 
Company  D,  72d  Indiana  Mounted  Infantry,  in  December,  1862,  in  which 
he  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  brigade  of  mounted  infantry  in 
Wilson's  Cavalry  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Stone  River,  Chicka- 
mauga,  Nashville,  Franklin,  Lookout  Mountain,  Perryville,  Jonesboro, 
Rome,  Atlanta,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Selma,  Ala.,  Rome,  Ga. ,  and  many 
skirmishes;  mustered  out  at  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  October  5,  1865.  Is  a 
member  of  Lyon  Post,  No.  8,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Oakland,  Cal.,  his  place  of 
residence. 

HORATIO  ROGERS. 

Was  born  May  18,  1836,  in  Providence,  R.  I.;  graduated  at  Brown 
University  in  1855;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession;  was,  from  1873  to  T885, 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  cotton  goods.  Enlisted  in  the  3d  Rhode 
Island  Heavy  Artillery  and  served  as  ist  lieutenant,  captain,  major,  colonel, 
.and  brevet  brigadier-general,  commissions  dating  as  follows:  ist  lieutenant, 
August  27,  1861;  captain,  October  9,  1861;  major,  August  18,  1862;  colonel 
of  the  1 1  til  Rhode  Island  Volunteers,  December  27,  1862;  colonel  of  the  2d 
Rhode  Island  Volunteers,  January  31,  1863,  and  brevet  brigadier-general, 
March  13,  1865;  was  attached  to  the  loth  and  i8th  Army  Corps  and  to  the 
2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  6th  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Fort  Pulaski, 
Secessionville,  Popotaligo,  2d  Fredericksburg,  Salem  Heights,  Gettysburg, 
Rappahannock  Station,  and  Mine  Run;  resigned  from  the  service  January 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  471 

14,  1864;  has  been  a  member  of  the  common  council  of  Providence  for 
four  years,  a  part  of  the  time  its  president;  was  a  member  of  the  general 
assembly  of  Rhode  Island  for  three  years,  attorney-general  of  the  same 
State  from  1864  to  1867;  wrote  and  published  the  book  entitled  "The 
Private  Libraries  of  Providence,  R.  I.,"  and  edited  "Hadden's  Journal 
and  Orderly  Books."  Comrade  Rogers  is  a  member  of  Prescott  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Providence,  R.  L,  where  he  resides;  has  been  department 
commander  of  Rhode  Island  and  is  the  senior  past  department  commander 
living. 

WILLIAM  PARSONS. 

Was  born  at  Eagle  Prairie,  Wis.,  March  24,  1843;  has  been  a  mer 
chant  and  farmer,  and  is  at  present  engaged  in  fruit  culture.  Enlisted,  in 
1861,  in  Company  H,  i3th  Wisconsin  Infantry,  and  was  promoted  to 
corporal  and  sergeant;  was  attached  to  General  Gordon  Granger's  com 
mand,  and  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson  and  other  engage 
ments;  was  attacked  by  sickness  in  January,  1864,  and  re-enlisted  in  1865 
in  Company  K,  8th  Regiment,  Hancock's  Veteran  Volunteers;  was  finally 
discharged  in  1865.  Comrade  Parsons  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  which  he  joined,  in  1883,  in  San  Jose,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

HENRY  W.   HANSON. 

Was  born  in  Halifax,  Eng.,  October  13,  1837;  is  a  plumber  and  gas- 
fitter  by  trade.  Enlisted  in  nth  Iowa  Regiment,  Company  H,  October  n, 
1861;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Division,  3d  Brigade,  i6th  and  i7th  Army 
Corps ;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Corinth,  Inka,  Vicksburg, 
and  other  engagements;  received  a  gunshot  wound  in  the  left  shoulder  at 
Shiloh,  but  again  reported  for  duty  as  soon  as  the  wound  was  dressed;  was 
honorably  discharged,  October  n,  1864,  at  Davenport,  la.  Comrade 
Hanson  joined  John  A.  Dix  post,  No.  42,  of  San  Jose,  in  1883,  and  is  a 
resident  of  that  city. 

JOHN    C.    JORDAN. 

Was  born  June  14,  1843,  ^n  Adams,  Hillsdale  County,  Mich.;  has 
been  a  farmer  and  telegraph  operator;  is  at  present  a  minister.  Enlisted 
August  31,  1861,  and  re-enlisted  in  February,  1865 — first  in  Company  C, 
nth  Michigan  Volunteers,  and  later  in  Company  G  of  the  loth  Michigan 
Cavalry;  served  as  a  private  and  as  a  non-commissioned  officer;  was 
attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  i4th  Army  Corps,  and  to  Stone- 
man's  cavalry;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Galatin,  Stone  River,  Duck 


472  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

River,  Murfreesboro,  Nashville;  Henry  Court-house,  High  Point,  and 
Salisbury;  carried  the  dispatch  to  General  Wilson  (at  Macon,  Ga.)  which 
sent  the  4th  Michigan  Cavalry  out  after  Jeff  Davis  and  who  captured  him; 
rode  eighty  miles  in  twenty  hours  in  carrying  that  dispatch;  was  with 
Stoneman  in  his  long  raid  at  the  close  of  the  war;  was  honorably  discharged 
in  November,  1865.  Comrade  Jordan  is  a  member  of  Atlanta  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Fresno,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

SILAS    P.  ADAMS. 

Was  born  in  Lexington,  Mass.,  July  24,  1842;  is  a  butcher  by  occu 
pation.  Enlisted  in  the  U.  S.  Navy,  in  July,  1863,  and  served  as  seaman 
in  the  South  Atlantic  blockading  squadron  until  September,  1864,  the 
date  of  his  honorable  discharge.  Comrade  Adams  resides  in  Stockton, 
Cal.,  and  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  that  place. 

FRANK  A.  MERRILL. 

Was  born  in  Bangor,  Me.,  September  i,  1848;  was  formerly  a  boat- 
builder  and  teamster,  and  is  at  present  a  lumberman.  Enlisted  in  February, 
1865,  but  the  surrender  of  Lee  brought  the  war  to  a  close,  before  he  could 
enter  active  service;  was  honorably  discharged  May  23,  1865,  at  Augusta, 
Me.  Comrade  Merrill  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
San  Jose,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

H.  R.  COFFEY. 

Was  born  in  Hamilton  County,  Ohio,  June  22,  1825;  *s  a  mechanic. 
Enlisted  in  May,  1864,  in  Company  H  of  the  i32d  Illinois  Infantry,  and 
served  as  a  duty-sergeant;  attached  to  the  Department  of  the  Southwest; 
was  honorably  discharged  in  October  of  the  same  year.  Comrade  Coffey  is 
a  member  of  E.  O.  C.  Ord  Post,  No.  82,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Los  Gatos,  Cal.,  of 
which  place  he  is  a  resident. 

CAMERON  HAYES. 

Was  born  in  Blair  County,  Pa.,  December  14,  1863;  has  been  a  farmer 
and  is  at  present  a  blacksmith.  Enlisted  in  the  nth  Illinois  Infantry, 
October  17,  1861,  and  re-enlisted  December  8,  1863;  served  as  private  and 
corporal;  was  attached  to  the  lyth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  Corinth,  Hatchie,  Champion  Hills,  Grand  Gulf, 
Raymond,  Yazoo  City,  Clinton;  Spanish  Fort,  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  etc.; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  473 

was  wounded  by  a  rifle-shot  on  the  right  side  of  the  head;  was  honorably 
discharged  April  10,  1866,  at  New  Orleans.  Comrade  Hayes  joined  Farns- 
worth  Post,  No.  53,  at  Evanston,  Wyoming  Ty.,  department  of  Colorado, 
and  has  occupied  the  position  of  officer  of  the  guard.  He  now  resides  at 
San  Jose,  Cal. 

ALBERT  GALLATIN  BRACKETT. 

Was  born  February  14,  1829,  m  Cherry  Valley,  Otsego  County,  N.  Y.; 
removed  to  Indiana  in  1846,  and  became  2d  lieutenant  in  the  4th  Indiana 
Volunteers  in  the  Mexican  War;  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  within  a 
month;  was  attached  to  Lane's  brigade,  and  took  part  in  the  skirmishes 
at  Paso  de  Ovejas  and  La  Hoya,  the  battle  of  Huamantla,  the  siege  of 
Puebla,  and  the  bombardment  of  Atlixco,  in  1847;  was  honorably  dis 
charged,  July  1 6,  1848;  re-entered  the  service,  March  3,  1855,  and  was  com 
missioned  captain  in  the  2d  U.  S.  Cavalry;  took  part  in  the  engagement 
and  defeat  of  the  Lipans  (Indians)  on  the  Guadalupe  River,  in  March,  1856; 
the  Comanches  at  Arroyo  de  las  Encinas,  and  near  Presidio  de  San  Vicente, 
Chihuahua,  in  1859,  on  which  occasion  he  received  the  thanks  of  General 
Scott;  was  engaged  in  suppressing  the  Cortinas  troubles  near  Brownsville, 
and  along  the  Rio  Grande  frontier  in  1860;  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil 
War,  went  to  Key  West,  thence  to  Havana,  and  from  there  to  New  York; 
refitted  and  went  to  Washington,  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Blackburns' 
Ford  and  Bull  Run;  was  promoted  as  follows:  colonel,  gth  Illinois  Cavalry, 
October  26,  1861;  brevetted  major,  June  28,  1862,  for  gallant  and  merito 
rious  service  in  the  campaign  in  Arkansas;  major,  ist  U.  S.  Cavalry,  July 
17,  1862;  brevet  lieutenant-colonel,  September  i,  1864,  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  service  during  the  Atlanta  campaign;  mustered  out  of  volun 
teer  service,  October  26,  1864;  brevet  colonel,  March  13,  1865,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  service  during  the  war;  lieutenant-colonel,  2d  U.  S.  Cavalry, 
June  9,  1868,  and  colonel,  3d  Cavalry,  March  20,  1879;  during  the  war, 
was  present  at  and  took  part  in  the  actions  at  Waddell  Farm,  Stewart's 
Plantation,  Cache  Bayou,  Memphis  &  Charleston  Railroad,  siege  of 
Atlanta,  the  battle  of  Ezra  Church,  and  Nashville;  was  severely  wounded 
at  Stewart's  Plantation;  was  chief  of  cavalry,  Department  of  Missouri,  in 
1862-63;  commanded  the  2d  Brigade,  Cavalry  Division,  i6th  Army  Corps, 
Army  of  the  Tennessee,  in  January  and  February,  1864;  in  July,  1864, 
was  acting  inspector-general  of  cavalry,  and  special  inspector  of  cavaly, 
for  the  Cavalry  Bureau,  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  after  the  war  went  to 
New  Orleans,  and  thence  by  sea  to  San  Francisco  in  command  of  the  ist 
Cavalry;  has  commanded  several  posts  in  the  departments  of  California 
and  Columbia,  and  the  district  of  Nevada  and  Summit  Lake;  assisted  in 


474  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

quelling  the  Pi-Ute  Indian  disturbances  in  1866-67-68;  was  stationed  at 
Fort  McPherson,  Nebraska,  in  March,  1869;  in  Montana  during  May, 
June,  and  July  the  same  year,  and  held  a  council  with  the  Crow  Indians 
and  distributed  goods  to  them  on  the  Yellowstone  River  in  December  fol 
lowing;  was  ordered  to  Omaha,  thence  to  Fort  Bridger,  and  from  there  to 
Camp  Stambaugh,  Wyoming,  1872-73,  where  he  commanded  the  district 
of  Wind  River,  and  operated  against  the  Sioux  Indians;  while  in  com 
mand  of  Fort  Steele  quieted  disturbances  among  coal-miners  at  Carbon; 
was  ordered  to  Fort  Sanders  in  Wyoming,  and  thence,  in  1877,  with  troops 
to  Fort  Custer,  which  post  he  helped  to  construct;  commanded  the  district 
of  the  Yellowstone  in  1879.  From  October  to  December,  1879,  was  in  the 
field  operating  against  the  Ute  Indians;  was  in  command  of  Fort  Laramie, 
and  then  Fort  Russell,  Wyoming,  from  July  1879  to  1882;  when  he 
was  ordered  with  his  regiment  to  Arizona  to  operate  against  the  Apaches; 
was  in  command  of  field  operations  against  the  Apaches  in  July  and 
August,  1882;  was  superintendent  of  Mounted  Recruiting  Service  at 
Jefferson  Barracks,  Mo.,  October,  1882,  to  October,  1884;  commanded  his 
regiment  at  Whipple  Barracks,  Arizona,  1884  to  1885,  when  he  marched 
the  3d  cavalry  through  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  and  part  of  Chihuahua, 
Mex.,  to  Fort  Davis,  Texas,  his  present  command.  Comrade  Brackett  is 
a  member  of  John  Buford  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Rock  Island,  Ills. 


ELI  FROST. 

Was  born  September  18,  1838,  in  Wyandotte  County,  Ohio;  received 
a  good  education;  was  a  clerk  previous  to  the  war.  Enlisted  August  22, 
1862,  in  Company  A  of  the  i23d  Ohio  Infantry,  and  served  through  the 
war;  was  honorably  discharged  June  12,  1865;  since  the  war  was  for  a 
time  in  the  employ  of  Adams'  express  company;  is  at  present  a  dealer 
in  groceries  and  provisions  at  Frederick,  Md.,  where  he  resides.  Com 
rade  Frost  is  a  member  of  Reynolds  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  No.  2,  department 
of  Maryland;  has  been  quartermaster-sergeant,  junior  vice-commander, 
senior  vice-commander,  and  is  at  present  commander  of  his  post. 


ROGOALD  E.  WHITEFIELD. 

Was  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  February  8,  1843;  nas  followed  the 
banking  business,  and  is  at  present  a  clerk.  Enlisted  in  the  4oth  N.  Y. 
Regiment,  May,  1861;  was  a  drummer  at  the  battle  of  Williamsburg,  but 
threw  the  drum  away  and  shouldered  a  musket;  was  attached  to  Birney's 
brigade,  Kearny's  division,  3d  Army  Corps;  participated  in  the  battles 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  *         475 

of  Bull  Run,  Yorktown,  Williamsburg,  Fair  Oaks,  Malvern  Hill,  etc.; 
was  wounded  several  times,  though  never  seriously;  at  Harrison's  Land 
ing-  occupied  the  position  of  hospital  steward;  was  honorably  discharged 
in  1863,  in  Philadelphia,  on  account  of  disability.  Comrade  Whitefield  is 
a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  of  San  Francisco,  where  he 
resides. 

PHILIP   WARD. 

Was  born  in  April,  1843,  in  Dublin,  Ireland;  was  in  the  grocery  busi 
ness.  Enlisted,  in  1864,  in  the  4th  Connecticut  Cavalry,  and  later  in 
the  U.  S.  Navy;  served  on  board  the  steamer  Augusta.  Was  a  member 
of  Warren  Post  of  Sacramento,  Cal.  Died  in  June,  1886. 


JEREMIAH   SULLIVAN. 

Was  born  in  Cork,  Ireland,  January  12,  1830;  has  been  a  farmer  and 
seaman,  and  is  at  present  a  seaman  in  the  U.  S.  Navy.  Shipped  on  board 
the  gunboat  Chippewa  at  New  York,  and  was  rated  quarter-gunner;  took 
part  in  the  battles  at  Fort  Wagner,  Morris  Island,  etc. ;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  at  Philadelphia,  November  21,  1864.  Comrade  Sullivan  joined 
Farragut  Post,  No.  4,  of  Vallejo,  Solano  County,  Cal.,  July,  1886. 


GEORGE  W.  WORTHEN. 

Was  born  May  22,  1844,  at  West  Charleston,  Vt.;  has  been  a  farmer 
and  school-teacher,  and  at  present  is  an  horticulturist.  Enlisted  in  Com 
pany  H,  i5th  Vermont  Infantry,  August  22,  1862;  was  attached  to  the 
22d  and  ist  Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  and 
other  actions;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Brattleboro,  Vt,  September  22, 
1863.  In  1886  comrade  Worthen  joined  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  No.  7,  of 
San  Jose,  where  he  resides. 

THOMAS  B.  COULTER. 

Was  born  March  u,  1845,  in  Apollo,  Pa.;  has  been  a  banker;  is  at 
present  a  stock-fanner.  Enlisted  April  27,  1861,  in  Company  G  of  the 
nth  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private,  and  later  on  as  a 
private  in  the  signal  corps;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division, 
ist  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Mechanicsville,  Games'  Mills, 
2d  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  South  Mountain,  Opequon,  and  Cedar  Creek;  was 
severely  wounded  in  the  left  leg  and  jaw  at  the  battle  of  Antietam;  was 


476  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

honorably  discharged  at  the  general  hospital  Frederick  city,  Md.,  March 
10,  1863;  re-enlisted  and  served  in  the  U.  S.  Signal  Corps,  from  which  he 
was  honorably  discharged  November  n,  1865;  since  the  war  has  been  a 
banker,  fanner,  and  treasurer  of  Kane  County,  Ills.  Comrade  Coulter  joined 
Aurora  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Illinois,  in  1876,  and  was  its  com 
mander  from  1876  to  1880,  senior  vice-department  commander  in  1878,  and 
department  commander  in  1879. 

E.  HOFERS. 

Was  born  August  6,  1844;  is  a  commercial  traveler  by  occupation. 
Enlisted  in  the  U.  S.  Navy  and  served  on  board  the  U.  S.  steamer  Brit- 
tania  as  steward  and  clerk;  was  attached  to  the  North  Atlantic  blockading 
squadron  and  took  part  in  the  engagement  at  Fort  Fisher;  was  in  several 
engagements  with  the  Confederate  ironclad  Albemarle;  was  honorably 
discharged  in  September,  1865.  Comrade  Hofers  is  a  member  of  Rawlins 
Post,  No.  23,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 


CHARLES   FRANKLIN    MATTESON. 

Was  born  March  20,  1835,  in  Floyd,  Oneida  County,  N.  Y. ;  went  to 
Warren  County,  Ills.,  in  1837;  removing  to  Galesburg  in  the  same  State 
in  1850.  Enlisted  April  19,  1861,  in  Company  E  of  the  i7th  Illinois 
Infantry;  served  with  regiment  in  Missouri  as  sergeant  during  the  fall  of 
1861;  took  part  in  the  battle  at  Fort  Donelson;  was  wounded  at  the  battle 
of  Shiloh,  and  was  present  at  and  during  the  siege  of  Corinth;  was  shortly 
afterwards  ordered  North  on  recruiting  service,  and  was  transferred  to  the 
io3d  Illinois,  then  forming  at  Peoria,  and  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant 
of  Company  G;  proceeded  to  West  Tennessee  with  his  regiment,  and  joined 
General  Grant's  army  in  its  march  towards  Vicksburg,  stopping  at  Water- 
ford  until  January,  1863;  returning  to  Jackson,  Tenu.,  remained  there 
until  March  3d,  and  thence  to  La  Grange,  Tenn.,  June  loth;  was  then 
ordered  to  Vicksburg;  after  the  surrender  was  at  Jackson,  Miss.;  was  on 
leave  of  absence  from  September  8th  to  November  4th;  while  at  Memphis 
was  placed  in  command  of  Company  B;  at  luka  was  detailed  to  act  as 
regimental  quartermaster;  was  with  his  regiment  in  the  Chattanooga  cam 
paign;  after  which  he  remained  as  quartermaster  in  charge  of  the  i5th 
Army  Corps  Hospital;  went  into  winter  quarters  at  Scottsboro;  acted  as 
inspector-general  of  a  provisional  brigade  from  i5th  Army  Corps  at  Buz 
zard's  Roost;  at  the  beginning  of  the  Atlanta  campaign  was  detailed  as 
acting  assistant  quartermaster  of  the  4th  Division  of  the  I5th  Army  Corps, 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  477 

and  was  in  charge  of  the  advance  ordnance-train  of  that  corps;  at  the  close 
of  the  campaign  was  made  acting  assistant  quartermaster  of  the  i5th  Army 
Corps;  arrived  at  Savannah,  and  December  i4thwas  made  acting  assistant 
quartermaster  of  the  military  division  of  the  Mississippi ;  master  of  marine 
transportation ;  in  charge  of  marine  shops  and  supplies,  receiving  everything 
in  the  way  of  supplies  that  came  from  the  North  for  the  army;  was  general 
confiscating  officer;  March  14,  1865,  was  ordered  to  Morehead  City,  N.  C., 
as  master  of  marine  and  railroad  transportation;  May  9,  1865,  went  to 
Alexandria,  Va.,  as  receiving  officer;  was  shortly  afterwards  ordered  to 
rejoin  his  regiment;  was  commissioned  captain,  June  6,  1865;  during  this 
varied  service  was  present  at  over  twenty-eight  battles  and  numerous  skir 
mishes;  was  mustered  out  of  service,  June  21,  1865.  Comrade  Mattesou 
is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  5,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Chicago,  Ills., 
where  he  resides;  served  one  year  as  senior  vice-commander  and  one  year 
as  commander  of  his  post;  attended  the  national  encampments  at  Denver, 
Minneapolis,  Portland,  and  San  Francisco,  as  alternate  delegate;  is  at 
present  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  the  department  commander. 

FRANCIS   McPHEE. 

Was  born  September  n,  1837,  on  Prince  Edward's  Island,  Dominion 
of  Canada;  has  been  a  farmer,  ship  carpenter,  and  sailor.  Enlisted  in 
April,  1 86 1,  in  the  5th  Maine  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was 
attached  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  took  part  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull 
Run;  thence  proceeded  to  the  Peninsula  under  McClellan,  and  took  part 
in  the  siege  and  battle  of  Yorktown,  the  battles  of  West  Point,  Mechan- 
icsville,  Fair  Oaks,  the  seven  days'  fight,  commencing  at  Culpeper  Court 
house  and  ending  at  Malvern  Hill,  second  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain, 
Harper's  Ferry,  and  Antietam;  was  honorably  discharged  January  3,  1863. 
Comrade  McPhee  is  a  member  of  McPherson  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Hanford, 
Tulare  County,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

E.   S.  STOVER. 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Rockland,  Knox  County,  Me.,  November  22, 
1836;  has  been  a  sailor,  mechanic,  and  merchant;  emigrated  to  Kansas  in 
1858.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  2d  Kansas  Infantry,  May  14,  1861,  at  the 
call  of  troops  for  three  months'  service;  re-enlisted  in  2d  Kansas  Cavalry, 
November  8,  1861;  served  as  a  private,  corporal,  and  sergeant;  was  pro 
moted  to  ist  lieutenant  of  cavalry,  December  16,  1861,  and  captain, 
November  29,  1863;  participated  in  the  battles  of  Forsythe  and  Spring 
field,  Mo.,  Cain  Hill,  old  Fort  Wayne,  Prairie  Grove,  Van  Buren,  and 


478  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

9 

Sabine  River,  Ark. ;  belonged  to  the  yth  Army  Corps,  and  was  in  all  the 
campaigns  and  engagements  under  generals  Lyon,  Schofield,  Blunt,  Her- 
ron,  and  McNeil,  west  of  the  Mississippi  River;  was  continuously  in  active 
service  from  1861  to  1865;  never  had  leave  of  absence  or  was  one  day  on 
sick-list;  in  the  last  two  years  of  the  war  had  command  of  an  independ 
ent  battery  of  artillery;  honorably  discharged  at  Lawrence,  Kas. ,  in  Sep 
tember,  1865;  elected  to  the  Kansas  Legislature  from  Davis  County  in  1866, 
to  the  State  senate  in  1870,  and  lieutenant-governor  of  Kansas  in  1872; 
removed  to  Colorado  in  1875,  and  to  New  Mexico  in  1877.  Comrade 
Stover  is  a  member  of  G.  K.  Warren  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Albuquerque, 
N.  M.,  where  he  resides,  and  is  the  department  commander  of  New  Mexico. 

WILLIAM   MOORE. 

Was  born  August  30,  1833,  in  Pennsylvania;  has  been  engaged  in 
various  occupations;  is  at  present  a  farmer.  Enlisted  August  2,  1861,  in 
Company  I  of  the  4th  Iowa  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached 
to  the  Army  of  the  Southwest;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Sugar  Creek, 
Pea  Ridge,  and  Cotton  Plant;  was  wounded  in  skirmish  on  White  River, 
and  was  wounded  slightly  three  times  at  Pea  Ridge,  in  leg  and  in  face. 
Comrade  Moore  is  a  charter  member  of  McPherson  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Han- 
ford,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

JACOB   MILLER. 

Was  born  in  Cassville,  Huntingdon  County,  Pa.,  May  27,  1833;  is  a 
house  carpenter  by  trade.  Enlisted  August  13,  1862,  in  the  ic>7th  Illinois 
Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  transferred  to  Company  K,  ist 
Illinois  Light  Artillery;  served  with  the  23d  Army  Corps;  went  with 
Burnside's  command  from  Kentucky  into  East  Tennessee,  and  took  part 
in  the  engagements  at  Blountville,  Bean's  Station,  and  Walker's  Ford  on 
Clinch  River;  battery  went  into  camp  at  Knoxville  as  reserve  artillery,  and 
remained  there  until  mustered  out  of  service,  in  June,  1865.  Comrade 
Miller  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  his  place 
of  residence. 

JOHN  THOMPSON. 

Was  born  in  Sweden,  in  1842 ;  has  been  a  sailor  and  farmer.  Enlisted 
in 'August,  1863,  in  Company  C,  5th  Connecticut  Infantry;  was  attached 
to  the  ist  Division,  2Oth  Army  Corps;  joined  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
on  the  Rappahannock  River;  served  in  Tennessee  in  1863-64;  partici 
pated  in  the  Atlanta  campaign  up  to  the  battle  of  Dallas;  was  disabled  by 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  479 

moon  blindness;  rejoined  regiment  some  months  later  at  Nashville,  and 
participated  in  the  battles  at  that  place;  thence  to  Dal  ton,  Ga.,  and  finally, 
via  Nashville  and  Washington,  to  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  where  he  served 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  honorably  discharged  in  August,  1865,  at 
Hartford,  Conn.  Comrade  Thompson  is  a  charter  member  of  W.  R. 
Cornman  Post,  No.  57,  of  San  Bernardino,  where  he  resides. 

WILLIAM    McBRIDE. 

Was  born  April  22,  1844,  in  Quebec,  Canada;  is  a  laborer.  Enlisted 
April  19,  1 86 1,  in  Company  B  of  the  2d  New  Jersey  Infantry,  and  served 
as  a  private;  re-enlisted  September  27,  1864,  in  Battery  B  of  the  3d  New 
Jersey  Artillery;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  6th  Army 
Corps;  took  part  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run;  was  in  the  Peninsula 
campaign  with  McClellan;  then  in  second  Bull  Run  battle,  Crompton's 
Gap,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania,  and  the  siege  of  Petersburg;  was  honorably  discharged 
June  22,  1865;  is  at  present  a  resident  of  Sacramento,  Cal. 

GEORGE  L.  SMITH. 

Was  born  September  23,  1840,  in  Barrington,  R.  I.;  has  been  a  clerk, 
farmer,  U.  S.  custom-house  inspector  and  weigher,  and  is  at. present  a 
gauger  and  measurer.  Enlisted  June  5,  1861,  in  the  2d  Rhode  Island 
Volunteers,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  promoted  to  2d  lieutenant  March 
u,  1862,  ist  lieutenant,  November  28,  1862,  and  captain,  3d  Regiment, 
Rhode  Island  Heavy  Artillery,  January  15,  1864;  took  part  in  the  battles 
at  ist  Bull  Run,  James  Island,  Popotaligo,  and  at  the  shelling  of  Charles 
ton;  was  wounded  by  explosion  of  a  32-pounder  (James  rifle)  wiiile  shell 
ing  the  enemy  on  the  mainland  back  of  Hilton  Head  Island,  S.  C. ;  was, 
in  consequence,  disabled  for  seven  months;  was  honorably  discharged 
October  5,  1864.  Comrade.  Smith  is  a  member  of  Prescott  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Providence,  R.  I.,  and  a  resident  of  Nayatt  Point  in  the  same  State. 


CHARLES   E.    MERRIAM. 

Was  born  in  Princeton,  Mass.,  January  22,  1845;  is  a  merchant  at 
Hopkinton,  la.,  where  he  served  as  postmaster  for  sixteen  years,  and  as 
treasurer  of  Lenox  College.  Enlisted,  September  9,  1861,  in  Company  K, 
1 2th  Iowa  Infantry;  was  attached  to  the  i5th  and  i6th  Army  Corps,  and 
was  promoted  to  sergeant;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Fort  Donelson,  Fort 


480  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

Henry,  Shiloh,  Vicksburg,  Jackson,  Tupelo,  Raymond,  Nashville,  Span 
ish  Fort,  etc. ;  was  wounded  in  the  leg  by  a  musket-ball  at  Vicksburg,  May 
22,  1863,  and  in  the  thigh  and  wrist  at  Tupelo,  July  14,  1864;  was  taken 
prisoner  at  Shiloh,  but  afterwards  exchanged;  was  honorably  discharged 
at  Memphis,  January  20,  1866.  Comrade  Merriam  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  at 
Hopkinton  in  1867,  and  was  commander  of  the  post,  which  was  afterwards 
reorganized  under  the  name  of  W.  A.  Roberts  Post,  of  which  he  is  yet  a 
member,  and  which  he  has  at  times  represented  as  delegate  to  the  national 
encampments. 

J.    B.    AMERMAN. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city  January  u,  1840;  a  clerk  by  occupation. 
Enlisted  in  Company  B,  yth  Regiment,  New  York  State  Militia,  March 
15,  1860;  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  went  with  his  regiment  to  Wash 
ington;  re-enlisted  in  the  spring  of  1862,  and  again  in  1863;  took  part  in 
quelling  the  riots  in  New  York  in  1863;  also  in  the  Orange  riots;  served 
nearly  twenty  years  in  the  yth  Regiment;  was  awarded  a  bronze  medal 
for  long  and  faithful  services;  came  to  California  in  1883;  is  a  member  of 
George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


SAMUEL  W.  LUITWIELER. 

Was  born  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  April  9,  1847;  is  a  dealer  in  wagons 
and  agricultural  implements.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  ist  New  York 
Veteran  Cavalry  Regiment,  September  24,  1863,  and  was  corporal  and 
quartermaster-sergeant;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of  West  Virginia,  and 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  New  Market,  Piedmont,  L-eetown,  Monocacy, 
Charlesto.wn,  Halltown,  etc.;  was  honorably  discharged,  July  20,  1865,  at 
Camp  Piatt,  W.  Va.  Comrade  Luitwieler  joined  Stan  ton  Post,  No.  55, 
G.  A.  R.,  August,  1886,  at  Los  Angeles,  his  present  place  of  residence. 


GEORGE   O.    EDDY. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  November  23,  1844,  and  is  by  occu 
pation  a  manufacturer  of  rubber  goods.  Enlisted  in  the  3d  Rhode  Island 
Regiment;  was  attached  to  the  loth  Army  Corps;  was  commissioned  2d 
lieutenant  August  27,  1861;  ist  lieutenant,  March  n,  1862;  and  subse 
quently  declined  a  captain's  commission;  was  for  a  long  time  on  detached 
duty  with  Company  E  of  the  3d  U.  S.  Artillery;  took  part  in  the  battles 
of  Hilton  Head,  Fort  Pulaski,  James  Island,  Morris  Island,  the  sieges  of 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  481 

Fort  Wagner,  Fort  Sumter,  and  battle  of  Olustee,  Fla. ;  at  Olustee,  Feb 
ruary  20,  1864,  was  wounded — gunshot  wound  in  right  leg,  and  in 
consequence  of  such  disability  was  honorably  discharged  March  27,  1864. 
Comrade  Eddy  is  a  member  of  Babbitt  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Bristol,  R.  I., 
where  he  resides;  was  a  delegate  to  the  twentieth  national  encampment  at 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

HENRY  C.  WELLS. 

Was  born  in  Wethersfield,  Conn.,  September  24,  1832,  and  until  the 
last  few  years  has  been  a  clerk.  Enlisted  in  the  ist  Connecticut  Cavalry 
November  21, 1861;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Cross  Keys,  South  Mount 
ain,  and  2d  Bull  Run;  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  service  at 
Chester,  Pa.  Comrade  Wells  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1877,  an(^  nas  been 
quartermaster-sergeant  of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Oakland,  Cal.,  where 
he  resides. 

LEROY  B.  WEAVER. 

Was  born  in  Chenango  County,  N.  Y.,  August  28,  1831;  has  been  a 
harness-maker.  Enlisted  in  April,  1861,  in  Company  A  of  the  6th  Cali 
fornia  Regiment  (three  months'  men);  re-enlisted  in  Company  A,  ist 
Battalion  Mountaineers  of  California,  April  i,  1863,  and  served  as  a  duty- 
sergeant;  was  stationed  in  the  Department  of  California,  and  engaged  in 
Indian  warfare;  mustered  out  in  May,  1865.  Comrade  Weaver  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

GEORGE  W.  OUSLEY. 

Was  born  in  Edgar  County,  Ills.,  October  15,  1831;  is  at  present 
engaged  in  fruit-raising;  at  eighteen  years  of  age  came  to  Humboldt 
County,  Cal.,  and  opened  a  harness  manufacturing  shop.  At  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  left  for  his  former  home  to  enter  the  Union  service;  on  the  way 
was  taken  ill  of  pneumonia,  from  the  effects  of  which  he  did  not  recover 
for  more  than  a  year;  returned  to  California  in  1862,  enlisted,  and  was 
commissioned  captain  in  the  ist  Battalion,  California  Mountaineers,  Feb 
ruary  9,  1863;  was  engaged  continuously  in  Indian  warfare.  In  August, 
1863,  his  command  attacked  a  band  of  fifty-one  Indians,  killing  forty- 
nine,  and  wounding  another,  only  one  escaping;  raised  a  company  of 
volunteers,  and  was  commissioned  captain;  took  command  of  the  post  at 
Gaston,  garrisoned  by  300  men,  and  was  constantly  on  active  duty;  Feb 
ruary,  1864,  proceeded  to  Camp  Anderson,  Redwoods,  where  the  same 
kind  of  service  was  performed;  during  term  of  service  encountered  the 

2F 


482  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Indians  in  force  twelve  times,  besides  countless  small  engagements.  Cap 
tain  Ousley  devised  his  own  mode  of  warfare  against  the  Indians,  dividing 
his  men  into  squads,  and  hunting  the  enemy;  at  Gaston,  by  this  method, 
in  a  month's  time  killed  sixty  Indians,  secured  all  their  guns  and  ammu 
nition;  this  strategy  herded  the  Indians  together,  and  thus  they  were 
attacked  in  numbers  successively,  and  with  such  success,  that  they  were 
almost  exterminated;  in  September,  1864,  what  remained  of  the  bands 
surrendered  unconditionally;  was  wounded  in  the  right  leg  at  Wilder 
Creek,  by  a  rifle-ball;  is  a  pensioner;  was  honorably  discharged,  May  13, 
1865.  Comrade  Ousley  is  a  member  of  Phil  Sheridan  Post,  No.  7,  of 
San  Jose,  his  place  of  residence. 

CHARLES   HETTRICK. 

Was  born  in  Germany,  February  3, 1843;  *s  a  tailor  by  trade.  Enlisted 
in  August,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private  in  the  2ist  New  York  Regiment; 
was  attached  to  the  i8th  Army  Corps,  and  shared  its  victories  and  reverses; 
was  honorably  discharged  in  September,  1863.  Comrade  Hettrick  is  a 
member  of  Antietam  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Petaluma,  Cal.,  his  place  of  resi 
dence. 

ALBERT  W.  FISHER. 

Was  born  at  Sunbury,  Pa.,  November  4,  1835;  is  a  physician  and 
surgeon;  received  his  education  in  the  high  school  and  academy  of  his 
native  place;  was  in  the  drug  business  for  several  years;  graduated  in  1861 
from  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  of  Philadelphia.  Enlisted  in  October, 
1 86 1,  in  the  57th  Pennsylvania  Regiment,  of  which  he  was  assistant  sur 
geon;  was  attached  to  the  army  of  McClellan  and  took  pait  in  all  its 
engagements  in  West  Virginia;  was  honorably  discharged  in  1862.  Com 
rade  Fisher  is  a  member  of  Forsyth  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Toledo,  Ohio, 
where  he  resides;  has  been  surgeon  of  his  post;  was  for  several  years 
health  officer  and  is  at  present  U.  S.  Marine  Surgeon  of  the  port  of 
Toledo. 

WILFRED  BYWATER. 

Was  born  in  Sheffield,  England,  November  25,  1845;  nas  been  a 
farmer.  Enlisted  in  November,  1861,  in  Company  K  of  the  gist  Penn 
sylvania  Infantry,  and  served  as  private  and  sergeant;  was  attached  to  the 
5th  Army  Corps;  first  served  in  Washington  and  Alexandria  until  Sep 
tember,  1861,  then  joined  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  took  part  in  the 
battle  of  Antietam;  thence  to  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  the  mud 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  483 

march,  Chancellorsville,  and  Gettysburg;  was  laid  up  for  several  months 
on  account  of  disability;  rejoined  the  army  in  March,  1864,  and  took  part 
in  the  battles  at  Spottsylvania,  Cold  Harbor,  and  the  siege  of  Petersburg; 
was  wounded  in  left  leg  by  bullet  at  Treble's  Farm,  September  30,  1864; 
after  recovery  took  part  in  the  battles  at  Hatcher's  Run  and  Five  Forks; 
was  present  at  the  surrender  of  General  Lee,  his  brigade  being  the  one 
that  received  the  arms  of  the  Confederate  soldiers  at  Appomattox.  Com 
rade  Bywater  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Stockton,  CaL, 
where  he  resides. 

AMOS    LUNT. 

Was  born  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  August  16,  1846;  is  a  policeman 
in  Santa  Cruz,  CaL,  where  he  resides.  Enlisted  in  the  3d  Massachusetts 
Regiment  in  1864,  and  was  honorably  discharged  at  Boston,  Mass.,  at 
close  of  the  war.  Comrade  Lunt  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Santa  Cruz,  Cal. 

JAMES  A.    LINSCOTT. 

Was  born  in  Jefferson,  Lincoln  County,  Me.,  December  20,  1845; 
has  been  a  lumberman;  is  at  present  a  grain  speculator.  Enlisted  in  the 
ad  Maine  Cavalry,  December  3,  1863,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  honor 
ably  discharged  in  December,  1865.  Comrade  Linscott  is  a  member  of 
R.  L.  McCook  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Watson ville,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


F.  WINTER. 

Was  born  in  Nassau,  Germany;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession.  Enlisted 
in  the  75th  Pennsylvania  Infantry;  was  commissioned  captain,  August  8, 
1861;  re-enlisted,  and  served  through  the  war;  was  honorably  discharged, 
December  15,  1865.  Comrade  Winter  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Rawlins 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Washington,  D.  C. ;  his  residence  is  at  Front  Royal,  Va. 


NORMAN    SCOTT   HAMLIN. 

Was  born  at  Bloomsburg,  Columbia  County,  Pa.,  September  30,  1834; 
is  by  profession  a  physician  and  surgeon.  Enlisted  in  the  i8th  Missouri 
Infantry,  August  17,  1861;  was  ist  lieutenant,  surgeon  and  acting  brigade 
surgeon;  was  attached  to  General  Prentiss'  division,  Army  of  the  Ten 
nessee;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Shelbina,  Hurricane  Creek,  etc. ; 
•commanded  his  company  two  months  in  defense  of  an  exposed  portion  of 


484  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

the  Hannibal  &  St.  Joseph  Railroad;  resigned,  on  account  of  disability, 
September  30,  1862;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  surgeon  of  the 
Board  of  Enrollment  for  the  4th  congressional  district  of  Iowa;  was 
honorably  discharged  May  9,  1865.  Comrade  Hamlin  is  a  charter  member 
of  Corinth  Post,  No.  80,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Marysville,  where  he  resides;  is  sur 
geon  of  his  post  and  medical  director  of  the  department  of  California; 
was  a  delegate  to  department  encampment  at  Sacramento,  February  20, 
1886. 

WILLIAM    EDWIN   TAYLOR. 

Born  near  Richmond,  Va.,  December  7,  1837;  collegiate  education  at 
Winchester  Academy,  Winchester,  Va.;  graduated  in  medicine  from  Win 
chester  Medical  College,  Va.,  April,  1859;  passed  examination  before  U.  S. 
Naval  Medical  Examining  Board  in  Philadelphia,  May,  1859;  commis 
sioned  assistant  surgeon,  U.  S.  Navy,  July  3,  1859;  duty  on  board  U.  S. 
steamer  Savannah,  Gulf  Squadron,  from  October,  1859,  until  December, 
1860;  duty  onboard  U.  S.  steamer  .SV.  Mary*  s,  Pacific  Fleet,  from  January, 
1861,  until  June,  1862;  examined  for  promotion  at  Philadelphia,  August, 
1862;  promoted  to  passed  assistant  surgeon,  August  22,  1862;  promoted 
to  surgeon,  September  5,  1862;  from  September  until  December,  1862,  on 
duty  at  U.  S.  Naval  Rendezvous  and  Naval  Asylum,  Philadelphia;  block 
ade  duty  off  Wilmington,  N.  C. ,  in  U.  S.  steamers  Iroquois  and  Tuscarora, 
in  1863-64;  from  1864  until  1866,  duty  on  board  U.  S.  receiving  ship 
Ohio,  Boston,  Mass. ;  April,  1866,  ordered  to  U.  S.  monitor  Miantonomoh 
at  New  York;  special  cruise  to  Europe  in  this  vessel,  which  carried  Assist 
ant  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  G.  V.  Fox,  as  special  envoy  to  present  to  his 
Majesty,  the  Emperor  of  Russia,  the  resolutions  of  Congress,  congratulating 
him  on  his  escape  from  assassination;  this  was  the  first  monitor  that  ever 
crossed  the  Atlantic;  after  an  extensive  cruise  to  various  ports  in  Europe, 
the  monitor  returned  to  the  United  States  by  way  of  the  West  Indies, 
arriving  in  Philadelphia  in  1867;  from  July,  1867,  until  October,  1868,  on 
waiting  orders;  December,  1868,  reported  for  duty  at  Mare  Island  Navy 
Yard,  California;  detached  from  Mare  Island,  October,  1871,  and  ordered 
to  U.  S.  steamer  Pensacola,  Pacific  Fleet;  detached  from  Pensacola  at 
Panama,  November,  1872;  ordered  to  the  United  States  steamer  Saranac, 
at  San  Francisco,  December,  1872;  detached  from  Saranac,  November, 
1874,  and  ordered  to  Mare  Island  Navy  Yard;  promoted  to  medical  inspector, 
December  31,  1876;  detached  from  Mare  Island,  October,  1878,  and  placed 
on  waiting  orders;  resided  in  Vallejo  from  October,  1878,  until  February, 
1881;  placed  on  retired  list  U.  S.  Navy  as  medical  inspector,  January, 
1881,  on  account  of  an  injury  received  in  line  of  duty  at  Mare  Island,  in 


GRAND  ARMY   OP    THE  REPUBLIC.  485 

%.  • 

1875;  since  February,  1881,  he  has  resided  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  he 
was  appointed  professor  of  principles  and  practice  of  surgery,  medical 
department,  University  of  California,  1881;  appointed  professor  of  princi 
ples  and  practice  of  surgery,  dental  department,  University  of  California, 
1882,  and  is  a  prominent  member  of  the  following  associations  and  socie 
ties,  etc.:  Member  of  Naval  Library,  Cronstadt,  Russia,  August  7,  1866; 
life  member  Imperial  River  Yacht  Club,  Cronstadt,  Russia,  August  26, 
1866;  member  River  Yacht  Club,  St.  Petersburg,  Russia,  August  26,  1866; 
honorary  member  Russian  Merchants'  Society  for  Mutual  Assistance,  St. 
Petersburg,  Russia,  1866;  member  National  American  Medical  Associa 
tion,  1871;  fellow  American  Surgical  Association,  1884;  honorary  member 
State  Medical  Society,  California,  1871;  member  State  Medical  Society, 
California,  1886;  president  San  Francisco  County  Medical  Society,  1885-86; 
member  San  Francisco  Medical  Benevolent  Society,  1871;  honorary  mem 
ber  Odontological  Society,  California;  member  Alumni  Association  Uni 
versity  of  California;  Military  Order  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  States; 
one  of  the  vice-presidents  of  Section  of  Military  and  Naval  Surgery,  ninth 
International  Medical  Congress  for  1887,  and  member  California  Historical 
Society.  Comrade  Taylor  is  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2, 
G.  A.  R. ,  located  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


THOMAS  CONVERSE  KENDALL. 

Was  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  September  i,  1828;  his  occupations  in 
life  have  been  various:  sailor,  tanner,  farmer,  cattle-dealer,  and  at  present 
engaged  in  the  real  estate  business;  in  the  first  year  of  the  War  of  the 
Rebellion  was  employed  in  the  military  service  of  the  Government  as  a 
scout,  and  during  this  period  was  in  several  engagements  in  Virginia  and 
Maryland;  commissioned  captain  of  Company  B,  2ist  New  Jersey  Volun 
teer  Infantry,  August  i,  1862;  belonged  to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division, 
6th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  in  the  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg,  December  13,  1862,  the  famous  mud  march  shortly  afterwards,  the 
battles  of  Marye's  Heights,  Salem  Church,  and  the  second  Fredericksburg. 
Captain  Kendall  commanded  the  skirmish  line  when,  late  in  the  afternoon, 
the  Confederate  forces,  flushed  with  success  at  Chancellorsville,  made  their 
desperate  assault  along  Fredericksburg  Heights  on  the  6th  Army  Corps, 
then  commanded  by  General  John  Sedgwick;  the  captain  had  his  right 
leg  so  badly  shattered  by  a  ball  that  it  necessitated  its  amputation  below 
the  knee,  after  being  wounded  he  was  taken  prisoner,  and  remained  such 
for  eight  days,  when  he  was  paroled  and  sent  to  the  Union  lines  on  the 
Falmouthside  of  the  Rappahannock  River;  the  amputation  performed  by  a 


486  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

Confederate  surgeon  had  to  be  repeated,  and  before  recovery  he  had 
undergone  three  amputations;  in  September,  1863,  was  commissioned  by 
President  Lincoln  a  captain  in  the  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  attached  to  the 
McClellan  Hospital  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  as  senior  military  officer  and 
military  assistant  to  medical  directory  of  the  department  of  Pennsylvania; 
received  the  commission  of  major,  but,  owing  to  the  close  of  the  war,  was 
never  mustered  as  such;  resigned  in  July,  1865;  came  to  California  in 
1875,  and  settled  at  San  Bernardino,  where  he  has  ever  since  resided;  has 
been  quartermaster  on  the  staff  of  General  Rowell,  National  Guard  of 
California;  was  a  charter  member  of  W.  H.  Long  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at 
San  Bernardino,  since  changed  in  name  to  W.  R.  Cornman  Post,  No.  57, 
department  of  California. 

FRANK  B.   CULVER. 

Was  born  in  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  October  22,  1833;  is  a  printer  by 
occupation.  Enlisted  in  April,  1861,  in  Company  G,  8th  Ohio  Infantry; 
re-enlisted  in  I23d  Ohio  Infantry  and  commissioned  2d  lieutenant,  Sep 
tember  24,  1862,  and  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant,  March  6,  1863;  was 
attached  to  the  8th  and  24th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Moorefield,  Winchester,  and  other  engagements ;  at  the  last  place  was 
made  a  prisoner,  and  confined  eleven  months  in  Libby  Prison,  and  seven 
months  in  other  prisons;  November  30,  1864,  made  his  escape,  and,  after 
traveling  400  miles,  finally  reached  the  Union  lines  at  Charlestown,  East 
Tennessee;  was  honorably  discharged  April  6,  1865.  Comrade  Culver  is 
a  member  of  Stanton  Post,  No.  55,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  where 
he  resides. 

JAMES  W.  STAPLES. 

Was  born  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  July  17,  1838;  when  seventeen 
years  old  attended  public  schools  in  New  York  and  Brooklyn;  entered  the 
employ  of  the  New  York  &  Erie  Railway  Company  (auditor's  department), 
where  he  remained  until  1861;  December  2,  1861,  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  the  78th  New  York  Infantry;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Divi 
sion,  1 2th  Army  Corps;  was  promoted  to  sergeant-major,  April  24,  1862; 
captain,  September  17,  1862;  and  acting  assistant  inspector-general, 
March  4,  1863;  participated  in  the  battles  of  Cedar  Mountain,  Sulphur 
Springs,  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  and  a  number  of  lesser  engagements; 
resigned  April  7,  1863,  on  account  of  business  obligations  at  home;  arrived 
in  California  in  May,  1869;  since  which  time  has  been  engaged  in  the 
insurance  business,  as  special  agent  and  adjuster,  and  is  at  present  manager 
of  the  Scottish  Union  and  National  Insurance  Company,  of  Edinburgh; 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC,  487 

National  Fire  Insurance  Company,  of  Hartford,  and  the  Oregon  Fire  and 
Marine  Insurance  Company,  of  Portland;  April  3,  1878,  enlisted  in  Com 
pany  F,  Second  Artillery,  National  Guard  of  California,  and  was  soon 
after  appointed  ist  lieutenant  and  paymaster  on  the  staff  of  Colonel  Smed- 
berg,  of  that  regiment;  resigned,  July  14,  1880,  on  account  of  business; 
April  17,  1886,  was  appointed  major  and  brigade-quartermaster  on  the 
staff  of  Brigadier-General  W.  H.  Dimond,  commanding  the  2d  Brigade, 
California  State  Militia.  Comrade  Staples  is  a  member  of  George  H. 
Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  and  is 
past  department  commander,  a  member  of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United 
States,  and  of  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 


A.   P.  SHELDON. 

Was  born  in  West  Rupert,  Vt,  December  24,  1841;  has  been  a 
farmer.  Enlisted,  August,  1862,  in  the  i4th  Vermont  Regiment;  was 
attached  to  the  2d  Vermont  Brigade,  '22d  Army  Corps,  then  later  to  the 
ist  Vermont  Brigade;  was  honorably  discharged,  July  31,  1863.  Com 
rade  Sheldon  is  a  member  of  Wm.  J.  Fuller  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Dorset,  Vt., 
and  is  a  resident  of  West  Rupert,  Vt. 


J.  W.  SWAYSGOOD. 

Was  born  in  Summit  County,  Ohio;  is  a  farmer  by  occupation. 
Enlisted  in  the  88th  Indiana  Infantry,  August  7,  1862,  and  served  as  a 
private;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  i4th  Army  Corps; 
took  part  in  the  battles  of  Perryville,  Stone  River,  etc. ;  was  honorably 
discharged,  February  27,  1863.  Comrade  Swaysgood  is  a  member  of 
Meade  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Butler,  Ind.,  where  he  resides. 


MARVIN  W.   GREEN. 

Was  born  at  Hallsport,  Allegany  County,  N.  Y.,  September  i,  1840; 
was  a  farmer,  and  is  at  present  a  builder  and  carpenter.  Enlisted  in  Com 
pany  E,  i30th  New  York  Infantry,  August  19,  1862;  was  a  private  through 
out  the  war;  took  part  in  all  the  battles  in  and  around  Suffolk,  Va. ,  in 
1863;  also  in  other  minor  engagements;  his  regiment  was  transferred  to 
the  cavalry,  and  known  as  the  ist  New  York  Dragoons;  was  attached  to 
the  ist  and  3d  Army  Corps;  was  afterwards  detailed  to  Company  K,  ist 
U.  S.  Horse  Artillery;  participated  in  all  the  battles  during  Grant's  cam 
paign  in  1864;  was  in  Wilson's  raid  around  Richmond  and  Petersburg; 


488  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

and,  his  battery  being  captured,  the  command  was  ordered  to  Washington, 
where  another  battery  was  procured;  was  sent  to  the  Shenandoah  Valley, 
and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Front  Royal,  Berry  ville,  Winchester,  Fisher's 
Hill,  Port  Republic,  and  Cedar  Creek;  was  honorably  discharged  July, 
1865,  at  Rochester,  N.  Y.  Comrade  Green  is  a  member  of  Halleck  Post, 
No.  19,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Chico,  Cal.,  and  is  at  present  a  resident  of  San  Fran 
cisco,  Cal. 

WILLIAM  L.  LEE. 

Was  born  at  Saluda,  Jefferson  County,  Ind.,  August  6,  1866;  is  a 
farmer.  Enlisted  in  the  3d  Indiana  Cavalry,  August  22,  1861;  served  as  a 
private;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellors- 
ville,  and  Gettysburg;  was  wounded  near  Hagerstown,  Md.;  was  honorably 
discharged,  August  22,  1865.  Comrade  Lee  is  a  member  of  J.  E.  Fonts 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Saluda,  Jefferson  County,  Ind.,  his  place  of  residence. 


HENRY  J.  BROWER. 

Was  born  in  Elizabeth  town,  Hamilton  County,  Ohio,  May  15,  1833; 
by  occupation  a  mining  superintendent.  Enlisted  at  Sacramento,  Cal., 
October  31,  1861,  in  Company  A,  of  the  5th  California  Infantry,  and 
served  as  a  private  until  December,  1863,  when  he  was  honorably  dis 
charged  at  Fort  Yuma.  Comrade  Brower  is  a  member  of  Lyon  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Oakland,  Cal.,  of  which  city  he  is  at  present  a  resident. 

HENRY  J.  STONE. 

Was  born  in  Michigan  in  1844.  Enlisted  in  the  loth  Iowa  Infantry, 
August  26,  1861,  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d 
Division,  i5th  Army  Corps,  and  served  throughout  the  war;  was  honor 
ably  discharged,  August  15,  1865.  Comrade  Stone  is  a  member  of  General 
Steele  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Custer,  Dakota  Ty.,  where  he  resides. 


CHARLES   G.    HUBBARD. 

Was  born  in  Schoharie,  N.  Y. ,  October  n,  1834;  graduated  at  Rutgers 
College,  New  Jersey,  in  1852;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession;  was  admitted  to 
the  supreme  court  of  California  in  1854;  in  early  days  belonged  to  the 
California  Guard  of  San  Francisco;  was  captain  of  the  Oroville  Guard  in 
1856;  captain  of  the  Marysville  Union  Guard  Artillery  in  1873-74.  Enlisted 
November  21,  1861,  in  the  2d  California  Infantry,  and  was  commissioned 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  489 

ist  lieutenant  of  Company  K;  resigned  in  August,  1873;  re-enlisted,  and 
was  commissioned  as  captain  of  Company  G,  8th  California  Infantry, 
December  24,  1864;  was  attached  to  the  Department  of  California;  was 
engaged  exclusively  in  frontier  duty;  was  deputy  provost  marshal  for  the 
northern  district  of  California,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war,  when 
he  was  honorably  discharged;  in  1866-68  was  judge  of  the  Qth  judicial 
district  of  Nevada.  Comrade  Hubbard  is  a  member  of  Upton  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
of  Eureka,  of  which  he  was  chaplain;  is  a  resident  of  San  Diego,  Cal. 


GEORGE  WILLARD  FOX. 

Was  born  August  28,  1842,  in  Canajoharie,  Montgomery  County, 
N.  Y.;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession,  having  been  admitted  to  practice  in 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1861.  Enlisted  August  20,  1861,  in  Battery  K  of  the 
ist  New  York  Light  Artillery;  was  appointed  orderly-sergeant  and  attached 
to  Banks'  army  in  the  Shenandoah ;  commanded  a  section  in  the  battle  of 
Bolivar  Heights,  Beverley's  Ford,  Rapidan,  Cedar  Mountain,  Rappahan- 
iiock,  Manassas,  South  Mountain,  and  Antietam ;  in  December,  1862, 
was  commissioned  ad  lieutenant  of  artillery,  and  appointed  drill-master 
of  a  battalion  attached  to  General  Banks'  expedition;  on  arrival  at  New 
Orleans,  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  and  placed  in  command  of  the 
26th  New  York  Independent  Battery;  was  promoted  to  the  captaincy  of 
that  battery  in  May,  1863,  and  as  such  commanded  in  the  battles  of 
Lafourche,  Fort  Donelson,  the  siege  of  Fort  Henderson,  battles  of  Sabine 
Pass,  Mansfield,  Pleasant  Hill,  Mansura,  Cane  River,  and  Yellow  Bayou, 
and  although  the  youngest  captain  in  the  igth  Army  Corps,  was  appointed 
chief  of  artillery  of  the  2d  Division,  and  served  in  that  capacity  through 
the  Red  River  campaign;  when  General  Canby  relieved  General  Banks  at 
Morganza,  the  artillery,  consisting  of  twelve  batteries,  was  left  in  com 
mand  of  Captain  Fox,  with  orders  to  join  General  Steele  in  Arkansas,  by 
whom  he  was  appointed  chief  of  artillery  and  ordnance  in  September, 
1863. 

In  December,  1864,  was  ordered  to  join  General  Thomas  in  Tennes 
see  with  his  command,  and  after  the  battle  of  Franklin  was  assigned  to 
the  1 3th  Army  Corps,  and  February  25,  1865,  was  appointed  chief  of 
artillery  and  ordnance  by  General  Gordon  Granger  commanding  the  corps, 
and  served  as  such  at  the  siege  of  Spanish  Fort  and  Blakeley,  and  the  cam 
paign  which  ended  in  the  capture  of  Mobile;  when  the  Department  of 
Texas  was  formed,  was  appointed  chief  of  artillery  of  the  District  of  Texas, 
which  position  he  held  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  mustered  out  of 
service  in  June,  1865,  after  four  years  and  ten  months  in  field  and  camp; 


490  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

after  the  war  located  in  Labette  County,  Kas.,  and  practiced  his  profes 
sion;  in  1880,  becoming  interested  in  mining,  removed  to  Socorro,  N.  M., 
where  he  was  again  successful  in  the  practice  of  his  profession;  at  this 
place  he  became  identified  with  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  and  was 
elected  junior  vice-commander  of  his  post;  was  a  delegate  to  the  conven 
tion  that  nominated  Mr.  Cleveland  for  the  Presidency,  and  served  as  a 
member  of  the  national  committee;  removed  to  Oakland,  Cal. ,  in  1885, 
and  is  at  present  actively  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  at  that 
place.  Comrade  Fox  is  at  present  a  member  of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Oakland,  Cal. 

JAMES  E.  LAWSON. 

Was  born  in  Cold  Spring,  Putnam  County,  N.  Y.,  November  6, 
1844;  has  been  an  iron-moulder;  is  at  the  present  time  a  house-painter. 
Enlisted  in  Company  H  of  the  93d  New  York  Infantry,  on  the  2oth  Jan 
uary,  1864,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  2d 
Army  Corps;  took  part  in  several  engagements  and  was,  at  the  close  of  the 
war,  honorably  discharged.  Comrade  L/awson  is  a  charter  member  of  Kil- 
patrick  Post,  G.  A.  R.  ,of  St.  Helena,  his  place 'of  residence;  has  served  as 
surgeon,  officer  of  the  guard,  and  is  at  present  officer  of  the  day  of  his  post. 


C.  VON  MEYERHOFF. 

.  Was  born  in  Bremen,  Germany,  July  17,  1824;  is  a  carpenter  by 
trade.  Enlisted  in  Company  I,  2d  California  Infantry,  October,  1861; 
served  as  sergeant;  was  honorably  discharged  at  the  expiration  of  term  of 
service;  re-enlisted  in  Company  I,  2d  California  Cavalry,  and  was  com 
missioned  2d  lieutenant;  was  engaged  in  Indian  warfare;  was  wounded 
in  the  right  hand  on  the  Colorado  River,  and  again,  in  the  right  leg,  at 
Fort  Mahone,  in  Southern  California;  was  honorably  discharged,  October, 
1865.  Comrade  Meyerhoff  is  a  member  of  Warren  Post,  No.  54,  of  Sac 
ramento,  where  he  resides. 

JOHN  L.   LYON. 

Was  born  in  Ogdensburgh,  N.  Y.,  April  7,  1842;  has  been  a  mer 
chant,  and  is  at  present  a  furniture  dealer.  Enlisted  in  the  i6th  New 
York  Regiment  in  April,  1861,  and  served  as  a  corporal  and  color- sergeant; 
was  attached  to  the  6th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  first  and 
second  Bull  Run,  Games'  Mills;  Charles  City  Cross-roads,  Malvern  Hill, 
Antietam,  first  and  second  Fredericksburg — eighteen  battles  and  skirmishes 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  491 

in  all;  at  Salem  Heights  was  color-bearer;  received  three  shots  in  his 
clothes,  four  of  the  guards  were  shot  down,  and  he  carried  back  safely  the 
regimental  colors  to  his  quarters;  the  flag  was  afterward  presented  to  the 
Governor  of  New  York;  was  honorably  discharged,  May  22,  1863.  Is  a 
member  of  AppomattoxjPost,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Oakland,  Cal.,  where  he  resides; 
has  been  aid-de-camp  and  special  aid-de-camp  to  the  department  com 
mander  of  California. 

JOHN   G.  RENFRO. 

Was  born  in  Tippecanoe  County,  Ind. ,  April  16,  1837;  has  followed 
mining  and  farming  as  an  occupation;  at  present  is  a  teamster.  Enlisted 
in  Company  K,  6th  California  Volunteers,  in  the  spring  of  1863,  and 
served  as  a  private;  was  most  of  the  time  engaged  in  provost  duty  in  San 
Francisco;  was  honorably  discharged  in  1865.  Comrade  Renfro  is  a  mem 
ber  of  R.  L.  McCook  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Watsonville,  Cal.,  where  he 
resides;  has  been  junior  vice-commander  of  his  post. 


SEWELL  F.  GRAVES. 

ras  born  in  Lawrence,  Mass.,  February  17,  1841;  has  been  a  ship 
master;  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  same  occupation  and  as  a  pilot  of 
steamers.  Entered  in  the  U.  S.  Navy  as  a  master's  mate,  December  29, 
1863,  and  was  promoted  to  ensign,  July  23,  1864;  served  on  board  the 
U.  S.  steamer  Savannah,  the  Rachel  Seaman,  North  Carolina,  and  Ala 
bama;  took  part  in  the  engagement  at  Fort  Fisher;  resigned  in  June,  1864. 
Comrade  Graves  is  a  member  of  Antietam  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Petal  uma, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

ZERAH  P.   CLARK. 

Was  born  in  Ohio,  in  1842;  has  been  an  insurance  agent  and  adjuster. 
Enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  ist  Wisconsin  Infantry,  October,  1861 ;  was 
appointed  quartermaster-sergeant  of  the  regiment;  promoted  to  2d  lieu 
tenant  of  Company  G,  same  regiment,  in  February,  1863,  and  to  ist  lieu 
tenant,  in  November,  1863;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division, 
i4th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Perry ville,  Stone  River, 
Chickamauga,  Mission  Ridge,  and  Nashville;  resigned,  in  1864,  on  account 
of  disability.  When  General  Hood  threatened  Nashville,  the  soldiers  on 
duty  in  the  quartermaster  department  were  formed  into  regiments  under 
officers  appointed  by  the  War  Department;  Lieutenant  Clark  was  commis 
sioned  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  8th  Regiment,  which  he  commanded  at 


492  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Nashville,  the  colonel  having  been  disabled;  had  charge  of  the  pontoon- 
train  at  Sherman's  crossing  of  the  Tennessee,  and  was  one  of  the  first 
officers  who  reached  the  southern  bank,  where  the  advance  column  cap 
tured  the  Confederate  outposts,  and  began  the  attack  on  Bragg1  s  right  at 
Mission  Ridge;  was  honorably  discharged  at  the  close  of  the  war.  Com 
rade  Clark  is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

EDWARD  ENGLISH  CHEVER. 

Was  born  November  22,  1828,  in  North  Andover,  Mass.;  is  a  pioneer 
and  farmer;  went  to  Illinois  in  1844,  and  to  California  in  1849;  ^s  at 
present  engaged  in  completing  the  records  of  California  Pioneers.  Enlisted 
in  July,  1862,  in  the  g8th  Illinois  Infantry,  which  regiment  was  known 
as  the  Railroad  Regiment;  served  as  a  private  until  after  the  battle  of 
Stone  River,  when  he  was  made  a  corporal;  was  attached  to  the  ist 
Brigade,  3d  Division,  4th  Army  Corps,  and  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Stone  River,  Chickamauga,  Mission  Ridge,  Atlanta,  Jonesboro,  Franklin, 
and  Nashville;  was  sick  in  the  hospital  for  several  months  after  the  battle 
of  Stone  River,  the  result  of  exposure  at  that  time;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  May,  1865.  Comrade  Chever  is  a  member 
of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he 
resides,  and  is  a  member  of  the  funeral  committee  of  his  post. 


THEODORE  V.  PURDY. 

Was  born  February  6,  1842,  in  Hillsdale,  Mich. ;  has  been  a  merchant; 
is  at  present  engaged  in  agriculture  and  viticulture.  Enlisted  in  Novem 
ber,  1862,  in  the  ist  Michigan  Sharpshooters  and  served  as  private,  duty- 
sergeant,  orderly-sergeant,  and  quartermaster- sergeant;  was  attached  to 
the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  gth  Army  Corps;  was  stationed  as  guard  to 
U.  S.  Arsenal  at  Dearborn,  Mich.,  until  August  16,  1863;  was  then 
ordered  to  Chicago,  Ills.,  and  was  on  duty  guarding  rebel  prisoners  at 
Camp  Douglas;  proceeded  to  the  front  in  February,  1864,  crossed  the 
Rapidan  and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  thence  to  Spott- 
sylvania  and  participated  in  the  battles  at  that  place;  was  in  the  battle  at 
North  Anna,  and  from  that  date  had  a  series  of  engagements,  notable 
among  which  were  those  at  Paumunky  River,  Tolopotomy  Creek,  and 
Bethesda  Church ;  was  in  the  advance  line  at  Cold  Harbor  and  engaged  in 
the  operations  in  front  of  Petersburg,  and  thereafter  took  part  in  nearly 
every  demonstration  against  the  enemy;  was  under  almost  continuous  fire 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  493 

in  the  advance  line  of  intrenchments  for  weeks  at  a  time,  and  finally  his 
regiment  was  the  first  to  enter  Petersburg,  and  planted  its  own  colors  on 
the  court-house  of  that  city;  was  always  present  for  duty,  and,  as  orderly- 
sergeant,  was  in  command  of  his  company  in  the  field;  was  present  in 
Washington  at  the  time  of  the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln,  and 
witnessed  the  grand  review;  was  appointed  quartermaster-sergeant  for 
"meritorious  services;"  was  honorably  discharged  in  August,  1865;  came 
to  California  in  1873.  Comrade  Purdy  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  at  San  Jose",  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

i 

HENRY  J.  UHDEN. 

Was  born  in  Springfield,  Ohio,  October  7,  1843;  i§  engaged  in  rail 
roading.  Enlisted  October  24,  1864,  in  the  8th  California  Volunteers; 
served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  Company  A,  8th  California  Infantry; 
was  honorably  discharged  October  24,  1865.  Comrade  Uhden  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Reynolds  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Santa  Cruz,  where  he  resides. 

JEROME  B.   BURKE. 

Was  born  in  Greencastle,  Pa.,  April  2,  1840;  had  about  three  months 
schooling  each  winter  until  he  was  twelve  years  of  age.  Enlisted  in 
Company  E,  ist  Maryland  Infantry,  August,  1861;  was  commissioned  as 
ist  lieutenant  of  his  company;  subsequently  served  as  adjutant,  quarter 
master,  and  ordnance  officer  on  the  staff  of  General  Banks ;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service,  October  i,  1864;  since  the  war  has  been  engaged 
as  a  provision-dealer  and  still  follows  that  occupation;  is  a  past  depart 
ment  commander  in  the  G.  A.  R. 

MARCUS   M.  COIvLIS. 

A  native  of  Massachusetts;  was  born  in  Ware,  Mass.,  in  1843. 
Enlisted,  in  July,  1862,  as  a  private  in  Company  H,  2 ist  Massachusetts 
Infantry,  which  subsequently  belonged  to  the  2d  Division,  gib.  Army 
Corps;  was  promoted  to  corporal,  sergeant,  and  ist  sergeant;  took  part  in 
all  the  engagements  of  his  regiment,  until  captured  at  the  battle  of  the 
Wilderness  while  reconnoitering;  was  imprisoned  at  Andersonville  until 
the  advance  of  Sherman  on  his  march  to  the  sea,  when  he  was  removed 
to  Florence,  and  from  there  to  Wilmington,  N.  C. ,  where  he  was  finally 
paroled,  February  25,  1865;  while  in  prison  was  commissioned  2d  lieu 
tenant  of  the  36th  Massachusetts  Infantry;  was  transferred  to  the  56th 
Massachusetts;  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant,  and  was  mustered  out  as 


494  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

such,  in  July,  1865.  Is  engaged  in  the  fancy  goods  business  at  Ports 
mouth,  N.  H.,  where  he  resides;  is  a  member  of  Storer  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
and  was  its  junior  vice-commander  in  1880,  senior  vice-commander  in 
1 88 1,  and  commander  three  terms;  in  1883  was  chief  mustering  officer; 
was  department  commander  during  1884-85. 

WALTER  H.  HOLMES. 

Enlisted  April  19,  1861,  in  Company  B,  of  the  8th  Regiment,  N.  Y. 
State  Militia;  participated  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  and  served  with 
that  regiment  until  August  22d  of  that  year;  returned  to  New  York  and 
recruited  a  company  for  the  three  years'  service,  and  was  commissioned  ist 
lieutenant  of  Company  B,  of  the  i  yoth  New  York  Infantry,  which  regiment 
became  a  part  of  the  Corcoran  Irish  Legion;  took  part  in  the  operations  in 
the  rear  of  Richmond,  on  the  Black  Water,  and  was  engaged  in  the  capture 
of  Norfolk  and  Suffolk,  and  of  Washington,  N.  C. ;  in  May,  1863,  was 
assigned  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  attached  to  the  2d  Army  Corps; 
in  1863  was  promoted  to  captain  for  meritorious  services,  and  served  in 
that  capacity  until  the  close  of  the  war;  joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1867; 
was  one  of  the  charter  members  of  Barbara  Freitchie  Post,  of  Brook 
lyn,  N.  Y. ;  arrived  in  California  in  1874;  was  one  of  the  organizers  of 
George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  of  which  he  was 
twice  elected  commander;  as  a  delegate- to  the  national  encampments, 
has  attended  the  last  five  annual  sessions;  at  Denver,  Col.,  July  24, 
1883,  was  unanimously  elected  Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief;  at  Port 
land,  Me.,  was  a  member  of  the  council  of  administration,  and  has  since 
served  as  chairman  of  the  executive  committee  of  that  body;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  general  committee  of  management  of  the  twentieth  national 
encampment,  and  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  same  body;  was 
grand  marshal  of  the  parade  during  the  twentieth  encampment  at  San 
Francisco;  is  major  and  inspector  on  the  staff  of  Brigadier-General 
W.  H.  Dimond,  commanding  the  2d  Brigade  of  the  National  Guard  of 
California,  in  which  capacity  he  has  served  for  the  past  six  years;  is  a 
resident  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

W.  I.  ALLEN. 

Born  in  Putnam  County,  Ind.,  September  8,  1836;  when  eighteen 
years  of  age  left  the  farm  and  went  to  California,  where  he  followed  min 
ing  until  1857.  Enlisted,  June  3,  1862,  in  the  54th  Indiana  Infantry,  a 
three  months'  regiment;  was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  of  Company  A; 
re-enlisted  September  19,  1862,  in  the  2oth  Indiana  Light  Battery,  serving 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  495 

in  the  battery  as  sergeant;  was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant,  December  2 3, 
1862,  and  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant,  July  27,  1864;  participated  with  his 
battery  in  all  its  marches,  battles,  etc.,  including  the  siege  of  Atlanta, 
battles  of  Jonesboro,  Nashville,  and  many  others;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  June  28,  1865,  shortly  after  which  he  engaged  in  the  hardware 
business  in  Bloomington,  Ind. ;  in  August,  1886,  attended,  as  a  delegate, 
the  2Oth  national  encampment  held  in  San  Francisco;  is  a  member  of 
Paul  E.  Slocum  Post,  No.  85,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Bloomington,  Ind.,  where  he 
resides. 

,        JOSEPH  HYDE. 

Was  born  in  Washington  County,  N.  Y.,  June  5,  1821;  has  been  a 
blacksmith  and  engineer.  Enlisted  at  Troy,  N.  Y.,  August  27,  1862,  in 
Company  H,  i25th  New  York  Regiment,  and  served  as  ist  lieutenant  on 
the  staff  of  generals  Alex.  Hays,  J.  T.  Owens,  and  C.  D.  McDougall;  after 
the  battle  of  Gettysburg  was  commissioned  a  captain;  at  Spottsylvania 
was  promoted  to  major,  and  was  assigned  to  the  39th  New  York  Infantry, 
in  the  field;  while  in  front  of  Petersburg  was  commissioned  a  lieutenant- 
colonel,  and  later  on,  after  the  resignation  of  Colonel  Crandall,  was 
given  command  of  the  regiment,  and  so  continued  until  the  close  of 
the  war;  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  surrender  of  Harper's  Ferry,  in  1862; 
was  shortly  afterwards  exchanged,  and  restored  to  duty;  was  engaged  in 
twenty-three  general  battles,  and  numerous  skirmishes.  Is  a  resident  of 
Stockton,  Cal.,  and  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  No.  23,  at  that  place. 


EDWARD  S.   SALOMON. 

Was  born  in  Schleswig,  Germany,  December  25,  1836;  came  to 
America  in  1854,  and  settled  in  Chicago,  where  he  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  until  1857,  at  which  time  he  began  the  study  of  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  by  the  supreme  court  of  Illinois,  in  1859;  was  elected  alder 
man  the  following  year.  Early  in  1861  went  to  the  front  as  2d  lieutenant 
in  the  24th  Illinois  Infantry,  familiarly  known  as  the  "Old  Hecker  Regi 
ment,"  owing  to  the  fact  that  Frederick  Hecker  (the  leader  of  the  German 
revolution  of  1848)  was  its  colonel;  was  successively  promoted  until  he 
became  major,  early  in  1862,  when  a  disagreement  occurred  between 
Colonel  Hecker  and  several  of  his  officers,  which  caused  the  resig 
nation  of  the  colonel ;  Major  Salomon,  and  a  large  number  of  his 
fellow-officers  resigned  with  their  commander;  Colonel  Hecker  and  Major 
Salomon  at  once  proceeded  to  organize  a  new  regiment,  which  they  accom 
plished  in  a  few  weeks.  This  regiment,  the  82d  Illinois  Infantry,  was 


496  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

denominated  the  "New  Hecker  Regiment;"  Hecker  became  colonel,  and 
Salomon  lieutenant-colonel ;  in  1 863  was  promoted  to  the  colonelcy  of  his 
regiment;  was  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  until  after  the  battle  of  Gettys 
burg;  went  west  with  General  Hooker's  command,  and  was  assigned  to 
the  2Oth  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  participated  in  the 
Atlanta  campaign;  after  this,  the  i4th  and  2oth  Corps  were  formed  into 
the  Army  of  Georgia,  commanded  by  General  Slocum,  and  marched  with 
Sherman  from  Atlanta  to  the  sea,  through  North  and  South  Carolina,  and 
subsequently  took  part  in  the  parade  in  Washington.  At  the  close  of  the 
war  was  brevetted  brigadier-general,  "for  distinguished  gallantry  and 
meritorious  services;"  returned  to  Chicago,  and  was  soon  after  elected 
county  clerk,  which  position  he  retained  for  four  years;  was  subsequently 
appointed  Governor  of  Washington  Territory  by  President  Grant;  prior  to 
his  departure  to  assume  the  duties  of  governor,  a  large  number  of  promi 
nent  citizens  of  Chicago,  among  whom  was.  General  Phil  Sheridan,  pre 
sented  him  with  a  magnificent  silver  table  service,  accompanied  by  an 
engraved  testimonial  of  esteem  and  friendship;  has  resided  in  San  Fran 
cisco  since  January,  1875,  and  is  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession. 
Comrade  Salomon  is  a  member  of  James  A.  Garfield  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  is  the  commander  of  his  post. 


JAMES  B.  STEEDMAN. 

Was  born,  July  29,  1817,  in  Chillisquaque  Township,  Northumber 
land  County,  Pa. ;  at  the  age  of  fifteen  was  apprenticed  to  a  printer  at 
Lewisburg,  Pa. ;  soon  learned  his  trade  and  went  west,  and  at  the  begin 
ning  of  the  Texan  war  joined  Houston's  army  in  Texas;  at  t,he  close 
of  this  war  returned  to  Pennsylvania  and  followed  his  trade,  taking  charge 
of  the  Northwestern  Democrat;  served  during  1847  an(^  *848  m  the  Legis 
lature  of  his  State;  went  to  California  in  1849, returning  to  Ohio  in  1850; 
was  appointed  public  printer  in  1860;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Charleston  and 
Baltimore  national  conventions;  in  1859  began  the  practice  of  law;  at  the 
call  of  President  Lincoln  for  75,000  men  he  at  once  enlisted,  and  raised 
the  1 4th  Ohio  Regiment,  which  he  at  once  tendered  to  the  governor  as 
part  of  Ohio's  quota,  within  ten  days  of  the  fall  of  Sumter;  this  regi 
ment  saw  active  and  continuous  service  until  the  close  of  the  war,  and 
took  part  in  a  great  many  battles,  among  them,  Chickamauga,  Nashville, 
and  those  of  the  Atlanta  campaign ;  after  the  close  of  the  war  was  appointed 
military  governor  of  the  State  of  Georgia,  which  position  he  held  until 
July  19,  1866,  when  he  resigned;  during  President  Johnson's  administra 
tion,  was  appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  at  New  Orleans,  La. ; 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  497 

returned  to  Ohio  in  1873,  and  was  elected  a  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention,  and  in  1877  was  elected  and  served  two  years  in  the  State 
senate  of  Ohio;  in  1880  was  a  delegate-at-large  to  the  national  conven 
tion  at  Cincinnati.  Comrade  Steedmanwas  elected  department  commander 
of  the  department  of  Ohio  in  1879,  and  did  much  to  improve  the  order. 
In  his  last  years  he  edited  the  Toledo  Democrat,  and  was  made  chief  of 
police  of  the  city  of  Toledo.  He  died  at  Toledo,  Ohio,  October  18,  1883. 

MICHAEL   C.   CLARK. 

Was  born  August  3,  1845;  nas  been  a  farmer;  is  at  present  in  the 
liquor  business.  Enlisted,  August  22,  1864,  in  the  i86th  New  York 
Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  5th  and  9th  Army 
Corps;  was  honorably  discharged  at  the  close  of  the  war,  near  Alexandria, 
Va.  Is  a  member  of  Chattanooga  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Nevada  City,  Cal. , 
of  which  place  he  is  a  resident. 

THOMAS    B.    SKIDMORE. 

Was  born  in  Hamilton  County,  Ohio,  May  21,  1839;  has  during  life 
followed  various  occupations;  is  at  present  engaged  in  mining.  Enlisted 
September  i,  1861,  in  Company  G,  5th  Illinois  Cavalry,  attached  to  Col 
onel  Hovey's  cavalry  brigade,  in  the  expedition  to  Helena,  Ark.;  took 
part  in  the  engagements  of  Mechanicsburg,  Moore's  Ferry,  Brownsville, 
Champion  Hills,  Vicksburg,  Bolton,  Meridian,  and  many  skirmishes;  was 
captured  near  Helena,  Ark. ;  paroled  thirteen  days  after  capture,  and  rejoined 
his  regiment;  honorably  discharged  at  Springfield,  111.,  October  27,  1865. 
Comrade  Skidmore  is  a  charter  member  of  Corinth  Post,  No.  80,  G.  A.  R., 
at  Marysville,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

JOHN   C.    MEDLEY. 

Was  born  in  Clark  County,  Mo.,  November  9,  1844;  came  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1852.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  6th  Regiment  California  Infantry, 
October  12,  1863,  at  Benicia  Barracks;  served  as  a  private  and  sergeant; 
left  Benicia  Barracks  with  his  regiment  February  15,  1864,  and  arrived 
at  Fort  Humboldt  on  the  i7th;  on  March  i,  1864,  went  to  camp  at  Boyn- 
ton  Prairie,  being  on  scout  duty  until  July  8,  1864.  Comrade  Medley  was 
promoted  to  sergeant,  and  placed  in  charge  of  the  quartermaster  and  com 
missary  department;  also  at  times  acted  as  post  adjutant,  sergeant-major, 
and  company  clerk,  which  position  he  filled  until  the  company  was  mus 
tered  out,  December  5,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Sumner  Post,  No.  3,  G.  A.  R.,, 

2G 


498 

located  at  Sacramento,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  junior  and  senior 
vice-commander,  post  adjutant,  and  chaplain  of  his  post,  and  is  at  pres 
ent  assistant  inspector  on  the  department  staff;  was  a  member  of  the 
national  council  of  administration  for  the  department  of  California  during 
1877  and  1878;  in  civil  life  has  held  the  following  positions:  U.  S.  deputy 
collector  internal  revenue  of  Nevada;  a  clerk  in  the  senate  of  Nevada  in 
1868;  deputy  assessor;  deputy  county  clerk;  and  notary  public  of  Sacra 
mento  county;  has  been  engaged  in  teaching  school,  surveying,  and  as 
newspaper  reporter;  is  at  present  a  drug  clerk  and  book-keeper. 

FRANK  HARRIS  SPRAGUE. 

Was  born  in  Harrisville,  R.  I.,  August  u,  1847,  and  attended  public 
schools  at  Providence,  R.  I.  Enlisted  in  Company  E,  ist  Rhode  Island 
Cavalry,  November  27,  1861;  although  only  fourteen  years  and  three 
months  of  age,  his  physical  development  was  such  that  he  readily  passed 
for  eighteen,  and  was  mustered  in  as  corporal;  re-enlisted  as  a  veteran,  in 
January,  1864,  and  was  promoted  to  rank  of  sergeant;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  from  service  at  the  Relay  House,  Maryland,  Augiist  3,  1865.  In 
1872  entered  the  civil  service  of  the  Government,  as  a  clerk  in  the  pension 
office,  where  he  is  still  employed;  is  a  past  department  commander. 

ABSALOM.  B.  STUART. 

Was  born  August  27,  1830,  in  Williamsburg,  Pa.;  has  been  and  still 
is  a  physician  and  surgeon.  Entered  the  service  August  15,  1861,  as 
assistant  surgeon  of  the  loth  Missouri  Infantry;  April  2,  1863,  was  pro 
moted  to  surgeon  and  was  superintendent  of  hospitals;  was  generally  on 
detached  duty ;  while  actively  employed  in  the  field  took  part  in  the  battles 
of  Corinth,  and  Vincents  Cross-roads;  was  twice  disabled;  was  captured 
January,  1863,  and  October  26th  the  same  year;  was  honorably  discharged 
in  January,  1864.  Comrade  Stuart  is  a  member  of  Ellsworth  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Santa  Rosa,  Sonoma  County,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

SAMUEL  SAMPSON. 

Was  born  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  in  1828;  at  the  age  of  sixteen  was  appren 
ticed  to  a  New  York  ship,  from  which  he  escaped  and  made  his  way  to 
Charleston,  where  he  entered  the  U.  S.  Navy;  was  sent  to  cruise  around 
the  Mexican  gulf  in  1846,  and  to  aid  in  the  blockade  of  Vera  Cruz;  in 
December,  1847,  was  discharged  at  Tampico;  before  the  breaking  out  of 
the  war  shipped  as  second  mate  of  a  merchant  vessel  from  New  Orleans 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  499 

to  Havre;  returned  to  New  Orleans  two  days  before  the  secession  of 
Louisiana;  remained  there  until  it  was  too  late  to  get  away;  tried  to  drift 
past  the  posts  one  dark  night  in  a  boat,  but  was  fired  at  by  the  sentry, 
compelling  him  to  pull  in  towards  the  landing;  was  detained  two  weeks 
in  Fort  Jackson,  then  sent  to  the  city;  at  that  time  the  conscription  of  every 
available  man  into  the  rebel  army  was  in  full  force;  to  avoid  being  con 
scripted,  volunteered  in  the  crew  of  a  gunboat  as  a  gunner,  and  was  sent 
to  Columbus,  Ky.;  after  the  evacuation  of  Columbus,  went  to  Island 
No.  10,  and  thence  to  New  Madrid,  where  he  was  placed  in  irons,  for  diso 
bedience  of  orders;  when  General  Pope,  in  March,  1862,  was  advancing  on 
New  Madrid,  the  irons  were  removed,  but  they  were  put  on  him  again  on 
account  of  his  refusal  to  fight  against  Pope;  was  court-martialed,  found 
guilty  of  mutiny  and  refusing  to  do  duty  in  the  face  of  the  enemy,  and 
sentenced  to  death;  as  the  Union  gunboats  prepared  to  attack  Fort  Pillow, 
made  his  escape,  and,  after  undergoing  severe  trials,  succeeded  in  reaching 
the  Union  gunboats;  surrendered  himself  to  Commodore  Foote,  on  board 
of  the  Benton,  with  whom  he  shipped  and  remained  until  the  former  was 
relieved  by  Commodore  Davis;  was  at  the  bombardment  of  Vicksburg,  and 
the  capture  of  Memphis,  also  in  the  engagement  with  the  rebel  ram 
Arkansas,  which  ran  through  the  Union  fleet  at  the  mouth  of  the  Yazoo 
River;  is  still  in  the  navy,  and  at  present  is  serving  on  board  of  the  U.  S. 
receiving  ship  Independence,  at  Mare  Island,  California. 


RICHARD   P.    THOMAS. 

Was  born  in  Berne,  Albany  County,  N.  Y.,  June  14,  1826;  was 
apprenticed  to  a  merchant  in  Ithaca  in  his  early  years,  but  abandoned  his 
place,  and  went  to  New  York,  where,  in  1846,  he  entered  the  U.  S.  Navy; 
being  under  age,  however,  his  parents  obtained  his  discharge;  removed  to 
Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  and  established  a  small  soap  manufactory,  which  was 
destroyed  by  fire  in  1860;  went  to  the  oil  district  in  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  engaged  in  boating  oil  in  a  flat-boat,  when  the  news  of  the  firing  on 
Sumter  reached  him;  having  served  as  lieutenant  of  cavalry  in  the  State 
Militia,  he  repaired  to  Syracuse  and  opened  a  recruiting  office  for  raising 
a  company  of  cavalry,  which  was  offered  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  who 
declined  to  accept  it,  as  there  was  then  no  call  for  cavalry;  in  time  he 
received  an  order  to  report  to  Col.  McReynolds  at  New  York,  who  was 
authorized  to  recruit  a  regiment  of  cavalry ;  he  complied  with  the  order, 
and  was  informed  that  men  in  the  cavalry  service  were  required  to  furnish 
their  own  horses  and  equipments,  for  the  hire  of  which  the  Government 
would  pay  at  the  rate  of  forty  cents  per  day;  not  being  able  to  meet  this 


500  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

requirement,  he  accepted  a  proposal  from  a  wealthy  citizen,  who  agreed 
to  furnish  horses,  and  take  the  rental  offered  by  the  Government,  on  con 
dition  that  his  son  be  made  captain  of  the  company,  which  being  agreed 
to  was  mustered  in  as  Company  F,  Lincoln  Cavalry;  it  is  claimed  that 
this  was  the  first  company  of  volunteer  cavalry  recruited  for  the  war;  was 
commissioned  as  ist  lieutenant,  August,  1861;  attached  to  the  Cavalry 
Brigade  at  that  time  on  detached  service;  in  the  fall  of  1861,  the  regi 
ment  was  divided  into  battalions  with  a  full  battalion  staff,  and  Lieutenant 
Thomas  was  then  commissioned  adjutant  of  the  2d  Battalion,  serving  in 
that  capacity  during  McClellan's  Peninsular  campaign;  took  part  in  the 
battles  of  Yorktown,  Williamsburg,  Mechanicsville,  Cold  Harbor,  Fair 
Oaks,  Games'  Mills,  Savage  Station,  White  Oak  Swamp,  Harrison's 
Landing,  Fredericksburg,  2d  Bull  Run,  and  Antietam;  was  wounded  by 
a  rifle-ball  in  the  leg  at  White  Oak  Swamp ;  was  honorably  discharged  in 
November,  1863;  is  the  only  known  surviving  officer  of  the  regiment  on 
the  Pacific  Coast,  whither  he  removed  after  being  mustered  out  of  the 
service;  is  president  of  the  California  National  Bank  of  San  Francisco. 
Comrade  Thomas  is  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
San  Francisco,  where  he  resides;  has  been  aid-de-camp  on  the  depart 
ment  staff. 

JOHN  W.   KIM  BALL. 

Was  born  in  Fitchburg,  Mass.,  February  27,  1828;  has  been  a  manu 
facturer  of  scythes,  tax  collector  of  Fitchburg,  police  commissioner  of 
Massachusetts,  and  custodian  of  dies,  plates,  etc. ,  in  bureau  of  engraving 
in  U.  S.  Treasury  Department  at  Washington;  at  present  U.  S.  pension 
agent,  and  is  postmaster  of  Fitchburg;  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  was 
captain  of  Company  B,  gth  Massachusetts  Militia,  which  became  a  part  of 
the  i5th  Massachusetts  Infantry;  received  commissions  of  major,  lieuten 
ant-colonel,  colonel,  and  was  breve tted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers; 
was  shot  in  the  left  thigh  in  assault  on  Port  Hudson,  La.;  and  was  honor 
ably  discharged  from  service  at  Camp  Stevens,  Mass.,  September  2,  1863; 
is  past  department  commander,  and  resides  at  Fitchburg,  Mass. 


WILLIAM  JONES  TERRELL. 

Was  born  November  n,  1834,  at  Johnston,  Ohio;  was  a  pupil  at 
Kingsville  Academy,  and  the  Michigan  University  at  Ann  Arbor,  and 
followed  the  occupation  of  school-teacher.  Enlisted,  May  26,  1862,  in 
Company  B,  87th  Ohio  Infantry,  and  became  its  orderly-sergeant;  he  was 
in  the  battle  of  Harper's  Ferry,  in  1862;  was  taken  prisoner  when  General 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  501 

Miles  surrendered;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Delaware, 
Ohio,  October  4,  1862.  Is  at  present  an  attorney-at-law  at  Harrisonville, 
Mo. ;  has  been  superintendent  of  public  schools,  and  prosecuting  attorney 
of  his  county;  is  a  member  of  Harrisonville  Post,  No.  50,  G.  A.  R., 
department  of  Missouri,  and  is  a  past  post  commander,  and  past  judge- 
advocate  of  the  department;  at  present  resides  at  Harrisonville,  Mo. 


ICHABOD   O.    ROSS. 

A  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal. ;  was  born  in  Perry  County,  Mo.,  August 
26,  1841;  is  a  miner.  Enlisted  in  Company  E  of  the  7th  California  Regi 
ment  in  October,  1864,  and  served  as  a  private  in  the  Department  of  the 
Pacific  in  Arizona  and  New  Mexico,  taking  part  in  several  Indian  battles; 
was  honorably  discharged  June  27,  1866;  is  a  resident  of  Stockton,  Cal. 


JACOB   REYNERSON. 

Was  born  March  23,  1828,  in  Indiana;  a  blacksmith  by  trade.  Enlisted 
in  October,  1864,  in  the  i6th  Iowa  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was 
attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  4th  Division,  lyth  Army  Corps;  was  with 
Sherman  in  his  march  from  Atlanta  to  the  sea.  Comrade  Reynerson  is  a 
member  of  Sedgwick  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Santa  Ana,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

JOHN  T.  BRADY. 

A  native  of  Illinois.  Enlisted,  August  15,  1861,  in  Company  A,  yth 
Kansas  Cavalry;  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  i6th  Army  Corps; 
took  part  in  the  battles  of  luka  and  Shiloh;  was  honorably  discharged 
October  i,  1864;  is  at  present  engaged  in  banking  at  Sebetha,  Kas. ,  where 
he  resides;  is  a  member  of  Sebetha  Post,  No.  175,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  his  place 
of  residence. 

CHARLES    H.  INGRAM. 

Was  born  September  18,  1841,  in  West  Chester,  Chester  County,  Pa.; 
since  discharge  from  the  army  has  been  a  clerk  in  the  U.  S.  Treasury  at 
Washington,  D.  C.,  where  he  resides.  Enlisted,  June  4,  1861,  in  Company 
A,  ist  Pennsylvania  Reserve  Corps,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached 
to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  5th  Army  Corps;  was  for  a  time  attached 
to  the  ist  Corps;  was  present  at,  and  took  part  in,  the  battles  in  which  his 
regiment  was  engaged,  from  Dranesville,  in  December,  1861,  to  Cold 
Harbor  in  1864;  was  honorably  discharged,  June  13,  1864.  Comrade 


502  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Ingram  is  a  member  of  Burnside  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  Washington,  D.  C., 
department  of  the  Potomac,  of  which  post  he  is  a  charter  member;  has 
been  junior  vice-commander  and  commander  of  his  post;  was  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  his  department  in  1884,  a  delegate  at  large  to  the  igth 
national  encampment  at  Portland,  Me.,  in  1885,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
national  council  of  administration  at  the  2oth  national  encampment,  at 
San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  has  been  president  of  a  general  court-martial,  and 
has  served  on  many  committees. 

GEORGE    LISSENDEN. 

Was  born  in  Kent,  England,  October  28,  1833;  is  an  agricultural 
machinist.  Enlisted,  August  9,  1862,  in  Battery  M,  ist  Illinois  Light 
Artillery,  and  served  as  gunner;  was  in  the  Army  of  the  Ohio,  and  after 
ward,  in  1863,  in  Grangers'  Reserve  Corps,  and  after  the  battle  of 
Chickamauga  served  in  the  2d  Division  of  the  4th  Corps;  after  the  close 
of  the  Atlanta  campaign,  was  on  garrison  duty  until  the  war  ended ;  took 
part  in  forty-six  engagements;  was  wounded  in  cheek  by  a  fragment  of 
shell  at  Chickamauga;  was  honorably  discharged,  July  28,  1865.  Com 
rade  Lissenden  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Stockton,  Cal. , 
where  he  resides. 

JOHN    MEWHINNEY. 

Was  born  near  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  December  5,  1836;  during  life  has 
been  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising.  Enlisted  September  12, 
1861,  in  2d  California  Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private;  served  most  of 
the  time  on  detached  duty;  was  made  sergeant  of  his  company;  was  hon 
orably  discharged  September  24,  1864;  before  the  war  was  one  of  the 
Rough  and  Ready  Pioneers  on  the  defenses  of  Lawrence,  Kas.,  in  1855, 
when  Kansas  was  a  Territory,  and  to  prevent  demolition  of  the  place  by 
foreign  invaders;  received  an  honorable  discharge  December  12,  1855;  is 
a  member  of  Kearsarge  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  located  at  Ukiah,  Cal.  Comrade 
Mewhinney  resides  at  Porno,  Mendocino  County,  Cal. 

JOHN    G.    B.    ADAMS. 

Was  born  in  Cleveland,  Mass.,  October  6,  1841;  followed  the  trade 
of  a  shoemaker.  Enlisted  in  Company  A,  igth  Massachusetts  Infantry, 
April  19,  1 86 1,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  captain;  was  shot  through  right 
hip  and  in  the  groin  at  Gettysburg — the  ball  still  remains  in  the  latter 
wound;  was  captured  at  Petersburg,  Va. ,  June  22,  1864,  and  was  confined 
in  Libby,  Macon,  Charleston,  and  Columbus  prisons,  until  March  i,  1865; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  503" 

honorably  discharged  from  service  March  i,  1865;  since  the  war  has  been 
inspector  of  customs,  postmaster,  and  deputy  superintendent  of  Massa 
chusetts  Reformatory;  is  now  president  of  Massachusetts  Prisoners'  Asso 
ciation,  and  sergeant-at-arms  of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature;  joined 
General  Lander  Post,  No.  5,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Lynn,  Mass.,  in  February,  1867, 
and  has  held  nearly  every'  office  in  the  post  as  well  as  that  of  department 
commander. 

H.   M.   SPOHR. 

Was  born  in  Star  County,  Ohio,  January  26,  1841;  is  a  moulder  and 
engineer.  Enlisted  in  Company  H,  igth  Ohio  Infantry,  April,  1861,  and 
re-enlisted  in  Company  F,  4th  Ohio  Infantry;  served  as  a  private  until 
August,  1862,  when  he  was  discharged  on  account  of  physical  disability. 
Comrade  Spohr  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Stockton,  Cal., 
where  he  resides. 

FERDINAND   ASH. 

Was  born  June  15,  1849,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  has  been  a  butcher;  is 
at  present  a  teamster.  Enlisted,  January  26,  1865,  in  Company  B,  igSth 
Pennsylvania  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  ist 
Brigade,  ist  Division,  5th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Hatch 
er's  Run,  Five  Forks,  Bourdan  Plank  Road,  front  of  Petersburg,  and  the 
surrender  of  General  Lee;  was  honorably  discharged,  June  20,  1865. 
Comrade  Ash  is  a  member  of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Oakland,  Cal., 
where  he  resides. 

WILLIAM   L.    D.    O'GRADY. 

Was  born  in  Bangalore,  Madras,  India,  April  17,  1841  (his  father 
being  an  officer  in  the  British  army,  on  duty  in  India  at  the  time);  at  the 
age  of  seventeen  graduated  from  the  English  gunnery  ship  Excellent,  and 
was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  in  the  Royal  Marines  (Light  Infantry), 
April  1 3,  1859  >  resigned  shortly  afterwards  and,  proceeding  to  New  Orleans, 
La.,  joined  Walker's  last  gang  of  filibusters  (including  "Bob"  Wheat, 
who  afterwards  commanded  the  Louisiana  Tigers)  to  Honduras;  after  the 
expedition  broke  up  remained  in  Honduras,  and  was  engaged  in  survey 
ing,  and  traveled  extensively;  returned  to  New  York,  and  enlisted  as  a 
private,  December  5,  1861,  in  Company  C  of  the  88th  New  York  Infantry; 
was  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  of  Company  H,  December  13,  1862,  and 
captain,  October  14,  1863,  but  never  mustered  as  captain;  was  attached  to 
the  2d  (Irish)  Brigade,  ist  Division,  2d  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  bat 
tles  of  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Auburn, 


504 


RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 


Bristoe  Station,  and  Mine  Run;  was  six  times  wounded,  viz.,  in  breast 
and  left  shoulder  at  Antietam;  right  shin,  knee,  where  the  bullet  remains 
and  m  the  hip  (by  shell)  at  Fredericksburg;  saber  cut  over  left  eye  while  on 
picket-guard  near  Warrenton,  Va.,  in  August,  1863;  succeeded  in  killing 
his  assailant  with  his  sword,  and  captured  the  dead  cavalryman's  horse&; 
was  honorably  discharged  March  8,  1864,  on  account  of  disability,  being 
almost  blind;  is  a  pensioner;  after  discharge  went  to  India,  and  was 
employed  in  the  Bank  of  Madras;  was  deputy  inspector  of  its  branches, 
but  his  health  failing,  returned  to  New  York  in  1870,  where  he  has  since 
teen  following  editorial  pursuits;  is  at  present  editor  of  the  Grand  Army 
Review;  was  war  correspondent  on  board  the  U.  S.  steamer  Juniata  at  the 
time  of  the  Virginius  massacre  in  Cuba.  Comrade  O'Grady  is  a  member 
of  Devin  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  and  is  a  resident  of  New 
York  city;  has  been  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  the  Commander-in-Chief. 


STEPHEN   WHEELER. 

Was  born  in  Hammondsport,  Steuben  County,  N.  Y.  Enlisted,  Sep 
tember  i,  1861,  at  Battle  Creek,  Mich.,  and  served  as  a  private,  sergeant, 
ist  lieutenant,  and  captain  in  the  engineer,  infantry,  and  cavalry  branches 
of  the  service;  was  attached  to  the  ;th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles 
of  Pea  Ridge,  Prairie  Grove,  and  Newtonia;  was  honorably  discharged  in 
April,  1866;  since  the  war  has  filled  almost  continuously  some  official  posi 
tion;  was  assistant  assessor  of  internal  revenue,  assessor  of  internal  revenue, 
State  senator,  State  auditor,  quartermaster-general  of  militia,  and  clerk  of 
the  United  States  court,  which  latter  position  he  has  held  since  1875.  Is 
a  resident  of  Arkansas,  where  he  has  lived  ever  since  the  war;  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Thomas  Williams  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Fort  Smith,  Ark.,  which  he 
joined  in  1879;  has  served  as  department  commander  for  three  terms. 

CHARLES  HENRY  GROSVENOR. 

Was  born  in  Pomfret,  Conn.,  September  20,  1833;  has  been  a  clerk, 
farmer,  and  lawyer;  is  at  present  a  member  of  Congress  from  the  i4th 
Ohio  district.  Enlisted,  July  25,  1861,  as  a  private  in  the  i8th  Ohio 
Infantry,  and  served  as  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel;  was  bre- 
vetted  colonel  and  brigadier-general,  commissions  dating  as  follows:  major, 
August  2,  1861;  lieutenant-colonel,  May,  1862;  colonel,  April,  1865;  bre 
vet  colonel  and  brigadier-general,  March  13,  1865;  served  in  the  Army  of 
the  Cumberland;  was  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  i4th  Army 
Corps;  also  served  in  the  provost  brigade;  was  in  Steedman's  command 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  505 

at  Nashville;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Levergne  and  Chickamauga,  and 
all  of  the  battles  of  the  Atlanta  campaign  up  to  Kenesaw  Mountain;  was 
slightly  wounded  at  Chickamauga,  and  again  severely  injured  in  a  railroad 
accident  in  Georgia,  resulting  in  a  permanent  injury  to  his  shoulder;  was 
honorably  mustered  out  October  28, 1865;  since  which  time  has  held  vari 
ous  positions  of  honor  and  profit;  in  addition  to  minor  offices  in  township 
and  municipal  corporations,  has  been  twice  a  presidential  elector;  for  the 
past  six  years  a  trustee  of  the  Ohio  Soldiers  and  Sailors  Orphans'  Home, 
and  has  recently  been  reappointed  for  five  years  to  the  same  office;  was  for 
four  years  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature,  during  two  of  which  was 
speaker  of  the  house.  Comrade  Grosvenor  has  been  for  a  long  time  con 
nected  with  the  G.  A.  R. ;  was  judge-advocate-general  of  the  G.  A.  R. , 
1885-86;  is  a  member  of  Columbus  Golden  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  No.  89,  of 
Athens,  Ohio,  where  he  resides;  was  a  delegate  to  the  seventeenth,  eigh 
teenth,  and  nineteenth  national  encampments,  and  was  present  in  San 
Francisco  at  the  twentieth  national  encampment  in  1886. 


JOHN  R.   LEWIS. 

Was  born  in  Erie  County,  Pa.,  September  22,  1834;  graduated  from 
the  Pennsylvania  College  of  Dental  Surgery  and  the  medical  department 
of  the  University  of  Vermont;  is  a  dentist  by  profession.  Enlisted,  April 
20,  1861,  in  the  ist  Vermont  Infantry  for  three  months,  and  served  as  ser 
geant  of  Company  H;  re-enlisted,  September  16,  1861,  and  was  commis 
sioned  captain  of  Company  I,  5th  Vermont  Infantry;  was  promoted  to 
major,  July  16,  1862,  and  to  lieutenant-colonel,  October  5th,  following; 
took  part  in  the  battle  of  Big  Bethel  and  in  all  the  campaigns  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  up  to  May  5,  1864;  was  wounded  at  White  Oak 
Swamp,  and  lost  his  left  arm  at  the  shoulder-joint  from  a  gunshot  wound 
at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness;  was  promoted  to  colonel  of  his  regiment, 
June  5,  1864,  but  on  account  of  disability  was  mustered  out,  September 
n,  1864;  was  commissioned  colonel  of  the  ist  Regiment,  Veteran  Reserve 
Corps,  September  8th,  and  was  made  a  brevet  brigadier-general,  March  13, 
1865;  commanded  the  post  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  at 
Nashville  as  inspector-general,  December,  1865;  was  commissioned  major 
of  the  44th  U.  S.  Infantry,  January  22,  1867,  and  mustered  into  the  U.  S. 
Army,  April  i,  1867;  served  on  General  Sibley's  staff  at  Savannah  and 
other  points;  was  made  brevet  lieutenant-colonel  and  brevet-colonel  U.  S.  A. 
March  2,  1867;  retired  with  the  rank  of  colonel  U.  S.  A.,  April  28,  1870; 
after  his  retirement  was  State  School  Commissioner  of  Georgia;  engaged 
in  mercantile  business  at  Des  Moines,  la. ,  was  secretary  of  the  Atlanta 


506  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

cotton  expositions  in  1 880-81,  and  has  followed  mercantile  pursuits  in 
Atlanta,  Ga. ,  since  1883.  Comrade  Lewis  is  a  charter  member  of 
O.  M.  Mitchell  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Augusta,  department  of  Tennessee 
and  Georgia,  and  has  served  as  its  senior  vice-commander;  was  elected 
Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief  at  the  nineteenth  national  encampment 
at  Portland,  Me. 

JOHN  D.   BILLINGS. 

Was  born  in  Canton,  Mass.,  December  13,  1842;  a  machinist  by  trade. 
Enlisted  in  the  loth  Massachusetts  Battery,  Light  Artillery,  August  16, 
1862;  served  as  a  private;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  June  9, 
1865;  since  the  war  has  been  engaged  in  teaching,  and  is  at  present  princi 
pal  of  the  Webster  school,  at  Cambridgeport,  Mass.,  his  place  of  residence; 
is  past  department  commander,  department  of  Massachusetts,  G.  A.  R. 

J.  B.   CURTIS. 

Was  born  in  Stratford,  Conn. ;  is  by  occupation  a  merchant.  Enlisted 
in  Company  D,  i7th  Connecticut  Infantry,  in  July,  1862,  and  served  as 
clerk;  was  attached  to  the  nth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  and  others;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  the  service  July  19,  1865;  is  a  member  of  George  H. 
Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  G.  A.  R.,  located  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  his  place 
of  residence. 

M.   HAWKINS. 

Was  born  in  Washington  County,  Ind. ;  is  engaged  in  railroading. 
Enlisted  in  Company  E,  ist  U.  S.  Engineers,  in  March,  1864,  and  served 
as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  4th  Army  Corps;  took  part 
in  the  battles  of  Nashville  and  Franklin,  Tenn. ;  was  honorably  discharged 
October  5,  1865;  is  a  member  of  the  department  of  Illinois,  G.  A.  R., 
and  a  resident  of  East  St.  Louis,  Ills. 


GEORGE  H.  PATCH. 

Was  born  in  Lexington,  Mass.,  December  8,  1844;  when  the  war 
broke  out  was  a  farmer;  after  battle  of  Bull  Run,  enlisted  in  Company  F, 
1 9th  Massachusetts  Infantry;  served  as  private  for  nearly  three  years; 
early  in  1864  was  badly  poisoned  by  ivy,  or  dogwood,  but  remained  with 
his  company  until  night  of  May  12,  1864,  date  of  the  fight  at  the  Death 
Angel,  Spottsylvania;  was  then  sent  to  the  hospital,  where  he  remained 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  507 

until  expiration  of  term;  for  thirteen  years  after  the  war  was  in  the  rail 
road  service,  and  in  1879  became  attached  to  the  Boston  Daily  Globe  as  a 
reporter;  is  past  department  commander,  and  has  filled  most  of  the  offices 
in  his  post,  No.  142,  G.  A.  R.,  at  South  Framingham;  is  at  present  a 
member  of  General  Wadsworth  Post,  No.  63,  G.  A.  R. ,of  Natick,  Mass., 
where  he  resides. 

D.   C.  COLEMAN. 

Was  born  in  Rutland  County,  Vt. ;  has  been  railroading,  mining, 
and  clerking.  Enlisted  in  Company  B.  loth  Illinois  Infantry,  April  16, 
1861;  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  General  Prentiss'  brigade;  was 
honorably  discharged  July  29,  1861,  when  he  emigrated  to  Idaho,  where 
he  was  a  miner  until  1865;  went  to  California  in  1871,  and  engaged  in 
railroading;  is  a  member  of  Grant  Post,  No.  9,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Modesto, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides,  and  is  engaged  in  the  liquor  business. 

BARTEMAS    BURKE. 

Was  born,  August  29,  1845,  in  Richmond,  Wayne  County,  Ind. ;  is 
by  profession  an  attorney-at-law.  Enlisted,  July,  1862,  in  Company  I, 
67th  Regiment,  Indiana  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  engaged 
in  the  following  battles:  Munfordville,  Ky.,  Walnut  Hills,  Arkansas  Post, 
Port  Gibson,  Raymond,  Champion  Hills,  Black  River  Bridge,  Vicks- 
burg,  Jackson,  Miss.,  Sabine  Cross-roads,  and  Blakely,  Ala;  was  captured 
at  Munfordville,  Ky.,  and  at  Sabine  Cross-roads,  when  he  was  taken  to 
Camp  Ford  Prison,  Tex.,  where  he  effected  his  escape;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  at  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  at  the  close  of  the  war.  Comrade  Burke 
joined  the  G.  A.  R.  in  1882;  is  a  member  of  J.  F.  Reynolds  Post,  at  Santa 
Cruz,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  post  quartermaster,  and  com 
mander  of  Wallace  Post,  No.  32,  department  of  California. 


JOHN  CAMERON. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April  4,  1836;  has  been  a  book-keeper, 
plumber,  conveyancer,  and  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  was  a  conductor 
and  receiver  of  a  street-car  railway;  organized  the  American  Rifles  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  war,  but  refused  to  be  mustered  as  captain  on  account  of 
his  inability  to  bear  the  fatigue  of  marching;  recruited,  at  his  own  expense, 
a  company  of  zouaves;  but  finally,  July  20,  1861,  enlisted  in  Young's 
Kentucky  Light  Cavalry,  afterwards  the  3d  Pennsylvania  Cavalry;  served 
as  corporal  of  Company  C,  and  acted, as  sergeant-major;  took  part  in  various 


508  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

engagements;  and  at  the  battle  of  Fairfax,  Va.,  was  complimented  by  his 
commanding  officer  for  his  conduct,  having  left  the  hospital  to  take  part 
in  that  action;  was  wounded  at  Antietam,  and,  in  consequence,  discharged 
for  disability;  in  1863  was  appointed  a  clerk  in  the  provost-marshal- 
general's  bureau,  and  made  chief  of  an  important  division;  was  trans 
ferred  to  the  adjutant-general's  office  in  1866;  was  chief  clerk  of  the 
army  bureau  in  1870.  Comrade  Cameron  is  a  member  of  Kit  Carson 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  has  been  sergeant-major  of 
the  post,  assistant  inspector  of  the  department  of  the  Potomac;  assist 
ant  inspector-general  on  the  national  staff,  assistant  adjutant-general  in 
1881-82-83,  and  six  months  in  1885;  and  member  of  the  national  council 
of  administration  in  1884-85;  was  appointed  adjutant-general,  July  i,  1885. 


LEMUEL   H.    STEWART. 

Was  born  in  Bloomfield,  Ohio,  July  22,  1847;  *s  a  clergyman,  having 
been  educated  at  Scioto  College,  Ohio;  was  a  mere  youth  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war,  nevertheless,  enlisted  and  served  as  a  private  in  Company  G, 
74th  Ohio  Regiment;  was  captured  at  Calhoun,  Ga.,  in  July,  1864,  and 
imprisoned  for  six  months  at  Anderson ville  and  Florence;  was  mustered 
out  at  Louisville,  July  19,  1865.  Is  a  past  chaplain-in-chief  in  the 
G.  A.  R. 

A.  A.  CUDNER. 

Was  born  in  Dutchess  County,  N.  Y. ;  by  occupation  an  architect  and 
builder.  Enlisted  January  20,  1864,  in  Company  A,  ist  Michigan  Light 
Artillery,  served  as  a  private  until  wounded,  after  which  was  a  carpenter 
in  the  quartermaster's  department;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade,  3d 
Division,  T4th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  a  number  of  skirmishes;  was 
wounded  in  the  right  leg  while  on  march  through  Tennessee;  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Rawlins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Stockton,  Cal.,  and  resides  at  Lockford, 
Cal. 

JOHN  TAYLOR. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April  5,  1840;  was  a  salesman  until 
the  outbreak  of  the  war;  at  present  is  in  the  insurance  business  in  Phila 
delphia.  Enlisted,  May  27, 1861,  in  Company  E,  2d  Pennsylvania  Reserves; 
served  as  sergeant,  was  promoted  to  ist  sergeant,  ist  lieutenant,  and  was 
brevetted  captain;  acted  on  the  staff  of  General  McCandless  at  the  battle 
of  Gettysburg,  and  until  May  5,  1864,.  when  he  was  captured  at  the  battle 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  509 

»  ,  . 

of  the  Wilderness;  was  imprisoned  at  Lynchburg,  Danville,  Macon,  Savan 
nah,  Charleston,  and  Columbia;  was  exchanged  March  i,  1865,  and  mus 
tered  out  of  service  on  the  i/j-th  of  the  same  month;  was  a  member  of  the 
City  Council  of  Philadelphia  in  1882-83;  is  a  member  of  P.  R.  Schuyler 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Philadelphia,  where  he  resides,  and  has  held  the  follow 
ing  offices  in  the  G.  A.  R. :  adjutant  of  post,  department  commander, 
assistant  quartermaster-general  of  department,  post  quartermaster,  and 
quartermaster-general,  1882  to  1886. 

JOHN  W.  HERSEY. 

Was  born  in  Spencer,  Mass.,  January  23, 1842;  before  the  war  worked 
in  the  U.  S.  Armory,  at  Springfield,  Mass.  Enlisted,  August  20,  1862,  in 
Company  H,  loth  Massachusetts  Infantry,  and  re-enlisted  February  20, 
1864;  was  wounded  in  the  foot  at  the  second  battle  of  Fredericksburg, 
and  again  in  the  hand  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  from  the  service  July  23,  1865;  is  a  past  department  commander, 
and  since  the  war  has  been  a  real  estate  dealer;  has  been  sheriff  of  Spring 
field,  Mass.,  his  place  of  residence. 

A.  G.  HARDESTY. 

Was  born  at  Malvern,  Carroll  County,  Ohio,  September  17,  1846;  is 
by  profession  an  attorney -at-law.  Enlisted  July  12,  1863,  in  Company  A, 
7th  Indiana  Cavalry,  and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  i6th 
Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Oxford,  Miss.,  Grand  Gulf, 
Tupelo,  and  Brice's  Cross-roads;  lost  right  eye  while  in  the  service;  was 
honorably  discharged  March  26,  1866;  is  a  member  of  Hackleman  Post, 
No.  58,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Kansas,  located  at  Lincoln,  Kas.,  his 
place  of  residence;  served  three  terms  as  post  adjutant. 


JAMES   M.   DAVIS. 

Was  born  in  Monroeville,  Columbiana  County,  Ohio;  graduated  and 
was  tutor  at  Duff' s  College,  Pittsburg,  Pa. ;  has  been  a  printer,  and  at 
present  is  a  book-keeper  and  business  manager.  Was  mustered  into  the 
United  States  service  in  May,  1861;  joined  Company  F,  i2th  Pennsyl 
vania  Reserves;  served  three  years  in  this  regiment,  and  was  honorably 
discharged  in  1864,  with  the  rank  of  sergeant,  having  declined  a  captaincy 
in  a  regiment  of  colored  troops.  Re-enlisted,  served  one  year  with  Han 
cock's  corps,  and  was  discharged  at  Albany,  X.  Y.,  in  1866;  took  part  in 


510  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

numerous  engagements;  at  White  Oak  Swamp  was  ridden  down  by  cav 
alry,  and  had  his  right  shoulder  dislocated;  at  the  second  Bull  Run  had 
his  cap  shot  off,  and  received  a  scalp  wound.  For  three  years  has  been  a 
director  of  the  Veterans'  Home  of  California;  Comrade  Davis  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Lyon  Post  of  Oakland,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  has  served  as  adjutant, 
post  commander,  junior  and  senior  vice-department  commander,  and 
department  commander. 

CHARLES   G.   HUBBARD. 

Was  born  in  Schoharie,  Schoharie  County,  N.  Y. ;  is  an  attorney-at- 
law.  Enlisted,  November  i,  1861,  in  Company  K,  2d  California  Infantry, 
and  served  as  ist  lieutenant,  and,  later,  as  captain  of  Company  G,  8th 
California  Infantry,  commissions  bearing  date  of  November  21,  1861,  and 
December  24,  1864;  was  mustered  out  of  service,  October  16,  1865. 
Comrade  Hubbard  is  a  member  of  Upton  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Eureka,  Nev., 
and  is  at  present  a  resident  of  San  Diego,  Cal. 

JOHN  L.   BOONE. 

Was  born  in  Lee  County,  la. ;  is  an  attorney-at-law.  Enlisted  as  a 
private  in  Company  D,  2Oth  Ohio  Infantry,  August  10,  1861,  and  was 
discharged  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  November  28,  1862;  was 
subsequently  appointed  ist  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  the  ist  Oregon 
Infantry,  commission  bearing  date  of  March,  1864;  was  attached  to  the 
i  yth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Fort  Donelson,  Pittsburg 
Landing,  Corinth,  luka,  Hatchie  River,  and  Bolivar;  was  honorably  dis 
charged  in  November,  1865.  Comrade  Boone  is  a  member  of  George  H. 
Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

ARGOS  D.  VANOSDOL. 

Was  born  in  Jefferson  County,  Ind. ,  September  18,  1839;  was  a  law 
student  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war.  Enlisted,  July  4,  1861,  as  a  pri 
vate  in  Company  A,  3d  Regiment,  Indiana  Cavalry,  and  was  promoted  to 
sergeant-major  the  following  September;  was  commissioned,  February, 
1862,  captain  of  Company  I,  3d  Regiment,  then  .attached  to  General 
Buell's  division  at  Nashville;  September  15,  1862,  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  cavalry  of  General  Thomas'  division  in  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland;  was  placed  in  command  of  the  battalion  of  his  regiment, 
October  2,  1862,  and  joined  in  the  pursuit  of  General  Bragg  from  Louis 
ville  to  Crab  Orchard;  returned  to  the  command  of  his  company,  with 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  511 

which  he  participated  in  the  march  to  Nashville,  and  in  the  engagements 
at  Nolansville,  Triune,  and  Stone  River;  at  the  latter  place  was  seriously 
wounded,  but  refused  to  leave  the  field  during  the  action;  May  3,  1863, 
was  honorably  discharged  on  account  of  disability,  resulting  from  wounds 
received  in  action;  in  1865  served  as  a  commissioned  officer  in  the  i56th 
Indiana  Infantry,  with  which  he  remained  until  August  of  that  year.  In 
1870  resumed  his  law  studies,  and  graduated  from  the  law  school  of  the 
Indiana  University;  is  at  present  practicing  his  profession  at  Madison, 
Ind.  Comrade  Vanosdol  was  one  of  the  charter  members  of  Alois  O. 
Bachman  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Indiana;  has  been  a  member  of  the  depart 
ment  council  of  administration,  and  was  a  delegate  to  the  igth  national 
encampment,  when  he  was  elected  inspector-general. 

PETER   PERRY. 

Was  born  in  England,  February  27,  1843;  ^s  a  carriage  manufacturer. 
Enlisted  October  31,  1861,  in  Company  B,  nth  Iowa  Volunteer  Infantry, 
and  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  i7th  Army  Corps;  took  part 
in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Corinth,  and  luka;  received  a  scalp  wound  by 
niinie-ball;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  February  i, 

1864.  Comrade   Perry  is  a  member  of  Geo.  D.  Forsyth  Post,  No.  129, 
G.   A.  R.,  located   at  Rohnerville,    Cal. ,  where  he  resides,   and  is  com 
mander  of  his  post. 

JAMES  A.    EWING. 

Born  November  10,  1833,  in  Bond  County,  Ills. ;  is  by  occupation  a 
farmer.  Enlisted,  January  16,  1862,  in  the  nth  Missouri  State  Militia 
Cavalry;  in  August,  1863,  was  commissioned  lieutenant,  and  in  October, 
1863,  was  promoted  to  captain;  served  in  the  Department  of  Missouri; 
took  part  in  the  battles  of  Palmyra,  Cape  Girardeau,  Pocahontas,  and 
numerous  skirmishes  with  guerrillas;  was  honorably  discharged,  July  3, 

1865.  Comrade  Ewing  is  a  member  of  Atlanta  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Fresno, 
Cal. ,  where  he  resides. 

FRANK  HENRY  LAMB. 

Was  born  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  October  n,  1842.  Enlisted  in  Com 
pany  G,  74th  N.  Y.  Infantry,  June  15,  1861,  and  served  as  a  private;  while 
on  detached  service  at  Front  Royal,  May  18,  1862,  was  made  a  prisoner 
and  taken  to  Libby  Prison,  where  he  remained  until  paroled,  September 
3Oth  following;  being  exchanged  in  November,  returned  to  duty  and  was 
assigned  to  work  in  the  U.  S.  Telegraph  Corps;  when  on  an  exposed  station 


512  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

on  the  railroad  was  again  captured  and  taken  back  to  Libby ;  was  exchanged 
January  12,  1863,  and  mustered  out  of  service  at  Washington,  January  21, 
1863;  has  been  always  engaged  in  telegraphy,  and  is  now  assistant  super 
intendent  of  Western  Union  Telegraph  Company  at  Portland,  Or. ;  has 
been  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  No.  2,  G.  A.  R.,  at  San 
Francisco,  but  was  afterwards  transferred  to  Garfield  Post,  No.  3,  of  Port 
land,  Or. ,  where  he  resides;  has  served  as  senior  vice-commander  and 
commander  of  the  Oregon  post. 

THOMAS    S.    TAYLOR. 

Was  born  in  Kingston,  R.  L,  in  1844.  Enlisted  in  the  United  States 
service  as  a  member  of  the  yth  New  York  Regiment,  serving  as  sergeant; 
was  mustered  out  in  July,  1863;  has  been  actively  connected  with  the 
militia  of  several  States;  has  served  over  ten  years  in  the  New  York  Seventh, 
two  years  in  the  2d  New  Jersey  Regiment,  and  for  nine  years  in  the 
National  Guard  of  California.  Comrade  Taylor  is  a  member  of  George  H. 
Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. ,  of  which  he  has  been 
assistant  adjutant-general. 

JAMES  WOODRUFF  SAVAGE. 

Was  born  in  Bedford,  N.  H.,  February  2,  1826;  after  graduating  from 
Harvard  College,  in  1847,  studied  law  at  Litchfield,  Conn.,  and  having 
been  admitted  to  the  bar,  engaged  in  practice  in  New  York  city.  Was 
appointed  a  captain  in  the  United  States  Army,  and  assigned  duty  as  aid- 
de-camp  on  the  staff  of  General  Fremont,  July  22,  1861;  received  succes 
sively  commissions  as  major  and  lieutenant-colonel;  raised  the  i2th  New 
York  Cavalry,  and  was  commissioned  colonel  of  it,  in  December,  1863; 
held  this  command  until  August  5,  1865,  when  he  was  honorably  dis 
charged  from  the  service  at  Hart's  Island,  N.  Y.  Is  a  past  department 
commander  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Nebraska,  and  is  at  present 
practicing  his  profession  in  Omaha,  Neb. ,  his  place  of  residence. 


CHARLES   FITZSIMMONS. 

Was  born  at  Belfast,  Allegany  County,  N.  Y.,  February  25,  1843; 
has  been  a  farmer;  is  at  present  an  engineer.  Enlisted  in  the  2d  Minne 
sota  Company  of  Sharpshooters,  which  became  Company  L  of  the  ist 
Minnesota  Infantry,  December  20,  1861,  as  a  private;  was  promoted  to 
sergeant  in  1863;  was  attached  to  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  2d  Army 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  513 

Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Hanover  Court-house,  Fair  Oaks,  Va., 
the  Wilderness,  Antietam,  Gettysburg,  Bristoe  Station,  second  Bull  Run, 
Cold  Harbor,  Spottsylvania,  front  of  Petersburg,  Weldon  Railroad,  and 
many  lesser  engagements;  received  a  wound  in  left  shoulder  at  Antietam; 
was  honorably  discharged,  December  20,  1864.  Comrade  Fitzsimmons 
is  a  member  of  J.  F.  Reynolds  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  where 
he  resides. 

CHARLES  W.   BENJAMIN. 

Was  born  inDixon,Ills.,  December  5,  1845;  is  by  occupation  a  clerk. 
Enlisted  in  the  I3th  Illinois  Infantry,  May  24,  1861,  and  served  as  a  pri 
vate;  was  attached  to  the  i5th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Chickasaw  Bayou,  Arkansas  Post,  Greenville  raid,  Jackson,  Miss.,  and 
siege  of  Vicksburg;  was  wounded  at  Lookout  Mountain;  was  honor 
ably  discharged,  June  22,  1864,  at  Springfield,  Ills.  Comrade  Benjamin 
is  a  member  of  R.  L.  McCook  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Watsonville,  Cal. ; 
where  he  resides;  has  been  post  adjutant,  surgeon,  junior  vice-commander, 
and  is  at  present  chaplain  of  his  post. 

A.    H.    G.    RICHARDSON. 

Was  born  in  Boston,  Mass. ;  received  his  education  in  the  common 
schools,  and  until  the  war  broke  out  was  employed  as  a  clerk.  Enlisted  in 
Company  G,  igth  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  April  18,  1861;  after  the  three 
months'  service  re-enlisted  in  Company  K,  ii4th  Pennsylvania  Infantry 
(Collis'  Zouaves);  served  as  a  private  and  continuously  iintil  May  28, 
1865,  when  he  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. ; 
his  present  employment  is  that  of  a  clerk  in  the  office  of  foreign  mails  in 
the  post-office  department;  is  a  past  department  commander  in  theG.  A.  R. 


ARTHUR  L.  CONGER. 

Was  born  in  Boston  Village,  Summit  County,  Ohio,  in  1838;  was,  at 
the  outbreak  of  the  war,  a  school-teacher;  recruited  over  forty  men,  who 
enlisted  in  the  ii5th  Ohio  Regiment,  in  which  he  was  commissioned  2d 
lieutenant,  and  afterward  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant;  served  as  acting 
assistant  adjutant-general,  as  provost  marshal,  and  as  a  member  of  courts- 
martial;  was  detailed  for  duty  in  the  Engineer  Corps,  Army  of  the  Cum 
berland,  as  assistant  inspector  of  railroad  defenses  between  Nashville  and 
Murfreesboro,  and  was  eventually  placed  in  charge  of  the  entire  business 
of  the  inspector's  office;  toward  the  close  of  the  war  was  recommended  by 

2H 


514  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

General  Thomas  for  promotion  to  the  rank  of  captain  and  commissary  of 
subsistence,  but  before  the  commission  could  be  issued,  was  mustered  out 
on  account  of  the  war  coming  to  an  end;  is  at  present  colonel  of  the  8th 
Regiment,  Ohio  National  Guard;  president  of  the  Whiteman  &  Barnes 
Manufacturing  Company,  a  director  in  the  Schumacher  Milling  Company, 
director  in  the  King  Varnish  Company,  and  the  Akron  Water  Works 
Company,  and  interested  in  many  important  business  enterprises  in  Akron, 
Ohio,  where  he  lives.  Comrade  Conger  is  a  member  of  Buckly  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Ohio;  has  been  post  commander  and  is  at  present 
department  commander;  was  a  delegate  to  the  twentieth  national  encamp 
ment  held  at  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

WILLIAM   L.  STEPHENS. 

Was  born  in  Emden,  Somerset  County,  Me.,  in  1842;  is  a  clergyman. 
At  the  outbreak  of  the  war  enlisted  as  a  private,  August  30,  1863,  in  the 
24th  Iowa  Infantry;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Belmont,  Vicksburg, 
and  luka;  was  honorably  discharged  in  1864.  Is  a  member  of  Kilpatrick 
Post  at  St.  Helena,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  is  chaplain  of  the  department 
of  California. 

GEORGE  C.  SEARS. 

Was  born  in  Richford,  Vt. ;  early  in  life  removed  to  California,  and 
was  a  student  at  Oakland  College  when  the  war  broke  out.  Enlisted  in 
the  4th  California  Infantry  in  1862,  and  in  1863  re-enlisted  in  the  8th 
California  Infantry;  received  commissions  as  2d  and  ist  lieutenant,  and 
was  kept  on  duty  at  Fort  Point,  California,  and  on  provost  duty  at  San 
Francisco  throughout  the  war;  was  honorably  discharged  from  service  at 
Fort  Point  at  the  close  of  the  war;  since  then  has  been  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits  and  the  stock  business;  is  a  member  of  the  national 
council  of  administration,  G.  A.  R.,  from  the  department  of  Oregon, 
and  resides  at  Portland,  and  is  engaged  in  the  cattle  business  in  the 
eastern  part  of  the  State. 

BENJAMIN   A.    OSBORN. 

Was  born  in  Lincoln,  Me.,  May  10,  1843;  ^s  by  trade  a  saddler. 
Enlisted  in  the  ist  Maine  Cavalry  in  September,  1861,  as  a  private;  was 
attached  to  the  cavalry  corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  promoted  to 
sergeant,  2d  and  ist  lieutenant  in  1864;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Mid- 
dleburg,  Winchester,  Fredericksburg,  Brandy  Station,  Rappahannock  Sta 
tion,  Aldie,  Upperville,  Gettysburg,  Shepardstown,  Sulphur  Springs, 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  515 

Mine  Run,  defenses  of  Richmond,  Cold  Harbor,  Old  Church,  Todd's 
Tavern,  Deep  Bottom,  St.  Mary's  Church,  Hatcher's  Run,  Hawes'  Shop, 
Dinwiddie  Court  House,  Appomattox  Court  House,  and  a  number  of 
smaller  engagements  and  skirmishes;  was  honorably  discharged  at  the 
close  of  the  war  at  Petersburg,  Va.  Comrade  Osborn  is  a  member  of 
R.  L.  McCook  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Watsonville,  Cal.,  where  he  resides, 
and  is  commander  of  his  post. 

RUTHERFORD  B.  HAYES. 

i 

Was  born  in  Delaware,  Ohio,  October  4,  1822;  graduated  at  the 
Harvard  College  law  school  in  1845,  and  ^as  been  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law;  when  the  war  broke  out  proffered  his  services,  and  was  com 
missioned  major  of  the  23d  Ohio  Infantry,  June  7,  1861;  served  in  West 
Virginia  under  General  Rosecrans,  on  whose  staff  he  was,  for  a  time, 
judge-advocate;  was  commissioned  lieutenant-colonel,  November  4,  1861, 
and  commanded  his  regiment  in  West  Virginia  after  his  relief  from  staff 
duty,  and  in  McClellan's  Maryland  campaign;  was  wounded  at  Antietam, 
September  17,  1862;  was  brevetted  major-general  at  the  close  of  the 
war;  before  he  was  mustered  out  of  service,  was  elected  to  Congress,  and 
re-elected  in  1866;  was  governor  of  Ohio  three  terms,  and  President  of 
the  United  States  from  1877  till  1881;  is  a  member  of  Manville  Moore 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Fremont,  Ohio,  where  he  resides;  was  a  delegate  at 
large  to  the  twentieth  national  encampment  at  San  Francisco. 


JOHN    A.    LOGAN. 

Was  bom  in  Jackson  County,  Ills.,  February  9,  1826;  was  educated 
in  the  common  schools,  and  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the 
Louisville  University;  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Mexican  War  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  the  ist  Illinois  Regiment,  and  was  promoted  to  a  lieutenancy, 
having  served  for  some  time  as  adjutant  and  quartermaster  of  his  regiment; 
in  1849  was  elected  county  clerk;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law,  and  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1852,  and  re-elected  in  1853-56-57; 
was  prosecuting  attorney  of  the  3d  judicial  district  of  Illinois  in  1857; 
was  a  presidential  elector  in  1856;  was  elected  to  Congress  in  1858,  and 
again  in  1860;  resigned  his  seat  in  Congress  in  1861,  and  was  commis 
sioned  colonel  of  the  3ist  Illinois  Regiment;  took  part  in  the  battle  of 
Belmont,  where  he  had  his  horse  shot  from  under  him;  was  in  the  attack 
on  Fort  Henry,  and  was  severely  wounded  at  Fort  Donelson;  in  March, 
1862,  was  made  a  brigadier-general;  participated  in  the  movement  on 


516  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Corinth,  and  commanded  the  3d  Division,  lyth  Army  Corps,  during  Grant's 
campaign  in  northern  Mississippi,  was  promoted  major-general  November 
26,  1862;  took  part  in  the  engagements  at  Port  Gibson,  Raymond,  Jack 
son,  Champion  Hills,  and  the  siege  of  Vicksburg;  his  troops  were  the 
first  to  enter  the  city  of  Vicksburg  after  its  surrender,  and  he  was 
appointed  military  governor  of  the  place;  in  November,  1863,  he  suc 
ceeded  General  Sherman  in  command  of  the  i5th  Army  Corps,  which 
was  engaged  siiccessively  at  Resaca,  Dal  ton,  and  Kenesaw  Mountain; 
succeeded  General  McPherson  in  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Ten 
nessee,  and  served  in  that  capacity  till  the  end  of  the  war;  in  1865 
was  offered  the  appointment  of  minister  to  Mexico,  which  he  declined; 
was  successively  elected  to  Congress,  and  in  1871  was  chosen  U.  S. 
Senator  from  Illinois,  and  was  re-elected  in  1879  and  in  1885;  was  a 
candidate  for  the  vice-presidency  in  1884.  Comrade  Logan  was  one  of 
the  earliest  members  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  and  at  the  second  national  encamp 
ment  in  Philadelphia,  January  15,  1868,  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief, 
which  position  he  held  until  the  meeting  of  the  fourth  encampment  in 
Washington,  May  n,  1870;  it  was  at  his  instance  that  May  3Oth  was  desig 
nated  as  a  memorial  day,  on  which  the  graves  of  deceased  soldiers  are 
decorated;  is  at  present  the  senior  past  Commander-in-Chief. 


JOHN  A.   REYNOLDS. 

Was  born  in  New  York,  October  4,  1830;  has  been  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits;  is  at  .present  a  wholesale  manufacturer  of  shoes  at 
Rochester,  N.  Y.  Enlisted  August,  1861,  in  Company  L,  ist  New  York 
Light  Artillery,  of  which  he  was  elected  captain  the  following  Novem 
ber;  was  promoted  to  major  in  May,  1863;  was  brevetted  lieutenant- 
colonel,  April,  1865,  and  was  brevetted  colonel,  May,  1865.  Comrade 
Reynolds  is  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  New  York,  of 
which  he  is  past  department  commander. 

GEORGE  L.  HARRIS. 

Was  born  in  Yarmouth,  Me.,  May  6,  1831;  has  been  a  mechanical  and 
marine  engineer;  went  south  and  pursued  his  regular  occupation  in 
Georgia  and  Alabama;  in  June,  1859,  accepted  the  position  of  master 
mechanic  of  the  St.  Petersburg  &  Moscow  Railroad  of  Russia,  remain 
ing  there  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  war;  returned  to  the  United  States 
and  immediately  entered  the  naval  service,  being  appointed,  in  January, 
1862,  acting  3d  assistant  engineer,  U.  S.  Navy,  was  ordered  to  the  U.  S. 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  517 

ship  Vanma,  which  left  at  once  to  join  Admiral  Farragut's  Gulf  Squadron 
for  the  capture  of  forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip,  and  New  Orleans;  was  pro 
moted  September  26,  1862,  to  2d  assistant  engineer,  and  again  promoted  to 
be  ist  assistant  engineer,  June  19,  1863;  resigned,  and  was  afterward  in  the 
service  of  the  Pacific  Mail  Steamship  Company;  is  at  present  employed  at 
the  U.  S.  Mint  in  San  Francisco  in  the  capacity  of  chief  engineer  and 
superintendent  of  repairs  to  machinery.  Comrade  Harris  is  a  member  of 
George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  and  a  member  of  the  council  of  admin 
istration  of  the  department  of  California. 


E.  LIVINGSTON  ALLEN. 

Was  born  in  Paterson,  N.  J.,  July  10,  1844;  is  a  clergyman;  while 
attending  a  course  of  study  in  theology,  the  war  broke  out;  he  abandoned 
his  studies  and  enlisted  in  the  i3th  New  Jersey  Infantry,  August  14,  1862; 
served  as  a  private  until  promoted  to  sergeant  of  his  company;  his  regi 
ment  was  attached  to  the  2Oth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Rocky  Face 
Ridge,  Resaca,  Cassville,  Dallas,  Pine  Knob,  Gulp's  Farm,  Kenesaw 
Mountain,  Nancy's  Creek,  Peach  Tree  Creek,  siege  of  Atlanta,  Sanders- 
ville,  Savannah,  Averysboro,  and  Bentonville;  was  wounded  three  times, 
and  for  two  years  was  in  the  color-guard;  at  the  close  of  the  war,  com 
pleted  his  theological  studies  at  Rutger's  College  and  Drew's  Seminary; 
is  a  member  of  Lefevre  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Highland,  N.  Y.,  where  he 
resides,  and  at  the  last  annual  encampment  of  the  department  of  New 
York  was  elected  department  chaplain. 


NORTON    P.    CHIPMAN. 

Was  born  in  Milford  Center,  Union  County,  Ohio,  in  1836;  is  a  law 
yer,  and  is  interested  in  manufacturing  enterprises '  at  Red  Bluff,  Cal.,  his 
present  home.  Entered  the  service  in  1861  as  lieutenant  in  Company  H, 
2d  Iowa  Infantry;  was  made  adjutant  of  the  regiment,  and  afterward 
promoted  to  major;  took  part  in  the  Missouri  campaign  of  1861;  at  Fort 
Donelson  was  severely  wounded;  was  promoted  to  be  colonel  and  addi 
tional  aid-de-camp  in  the  Regular  Army;  was  assigned  to  duty  as  chief  of 
staff  to  General  Curtis;  served  in  this  capacity  in  the  departments  of 
Arkansas,  Missouri,  and  Kansas;  was  detailed  by  the  Secretary  of  War 
for  duty  in  the  War  Department  in  1863;  on  two  occasions  was  charged 
with  the  performance  of  very  dangerous  and  important  missions  by  Presi 
dent  Lincoln;  was  made  judge-advocate  of  several  military  courts,  and 


518  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

one  of  these  tried  Wirz,  the  Anderson ville  prison-keeper;  at  the  close  of 
the  war  was  brevetted  brigadier-general,  but  resigned  to  resume  the  prac 
tice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  whence  he  moved  to  California  in  1875. 
Comrade  Chipman  is  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  California, 
having  been  one  of  its  foremost  workers  since  its  organization;  has  been 
adjutant-general,  and  at  the  twentieth  national  encampment  held  in  San 
Francisco  was  a  delegate  at  large,  and  is  at  present  a  member  of  the 
national  council  of  administration. 


CHARLES  J.   FREESE. 

Was  born  in  Friederichstadt,  Germany,  April  12,  1844;  has  been  a 
telegraph  operator  and  clerk.  Shipped  in  the  U.  S.  Navy  as  a  seaman 
from  New  York,  May  u,  1861;  was  attached  to  the  blockading  squadron 
at  Fortress  Monroe;  was  engaged  in  the  battle  between  fotMerrimcic  and 
the  Monitor;  during  the  action  a  120  Ib.  shell  exploded  on  his  ship,  the 
Dragon,  and  he  received  fifty-one  pieces  of  the  shell  in  his  body;  was 
honorably  discharged,  June  n,  1862.  Comrade  Freese  is  a  member  of 
Negley  Post,  of  Tucson,  Arizona,  where  he  resides. 


SAMUEL   T.    BIRDSALL. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession.  Enlisted  in 
the  2yth  Connecticut  Infantry;  was  commissioned  captain,  October  3, 
1862;  brevetted  colonel,  June,  1863,  and  brigadier-general  in  the  July  fol 
lowing;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg  and  Chancellors- 
ville;  in  the  last  of  which  was  taken  prisoner,  and  held  at  Libby  Prison 
for  a  brief  period;  was  honorably  discharged  July  27,  1863.  Comrade 
Birdsall  is  a  member  of  Colonel  Cass  Post,  of  San  Francisco,  his  place  of 
residence. 

CHARLES   T.    BARNES. 

Was  born  in  Minerva,  Essex  County,  N.  Y.,  July  24,  1840;  has  been 
a  farmer  and  merchant;  is  at  present  an  inventor  and  manufacturer  in 
Chicago.  Enlisted,  September  21,  1861,  as  a  private  in  Company  C  (of 
which  his  brother  was  elected  captain),  93d  N.  Y.  Infantry;  was  appointed 
5th  sergeant,  then  orderly-sergeant;  promoted  to  2d  lieutenant,  July  20 
1863;  to  ist  lieutenant,  September  20,  1864;  and  brevetted  captain,  Octo 
ber  23,  1865;  participated  in  the  battles  of  Williamsburg  and  the  Wilder 
ness,  in  the  last  of  which  received  a  severe  wound  from  a  minie-ball  in  the 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  519 

left  side  of  the  abdomen;  was  honorably  discharged,  December,  1864;  was 
attached  to  Casey's  division,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  during  the  first  year; 
on  detached  duty,  general  headquarters,  second  year;  assigned  to  ad  Bri 
gade,  3d  Division,  ad  Army  Corps,  the  third  year;  his  regiment  was 
especially  complimented  by  orders  from  General  Birney,  division  com 
mander,  for  gallant  conduct  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  alluding  to 
Captain  Barnes,  of  Company  C,  who  was  killed  in  the  action,  and  to  his 
brother,  who  was  severely  wounded  and  left  on  the  field  as  dead.  Com 
rade  Barnes  is  a  member  of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Chicago, 
his  place  of  residence. 

CLARK   E.   ROYCE. 

Was  born  at  Lebanon  Springs,  N.  Y.,  January  13,  1837;  graduated 
from  Williams  College;  is  an  attorney -at-law.  Enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  44th  New  York  Regiment,  known  as  the  "Ellsworth  Avengers," 
August  15,  1861;  rose  through  all  the  grades  to  colonel;  took  part  in  the 
Peninsula  campaign  under  McClellan,  in  Pope's  campaign,  the  battles  of 
Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  and  Gettysburg;  was  with  the 
Army  of  the  James  in  the  occupation  of  Bermuda  Hundred  and  City 
Point,  the  battles  around  Petersburg,  Chapin's  Point,  Appomattox  Court 
house,  and  all  engagements  in  which  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  took  part; 
went  to  Texas  with  his  regiment  after  the  war,  and  was  mustered  out, 
November  24,  1865,  as  colonel.  Comrade  Royce  is  a  member  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  a  member  of  the  council  of  adminis 
tration,  and  at  present  a  resident  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


JAMES    E.   JENKINS. 

Was  born  in  Vernon,  Oneida  County,  N.  Y. ,  June  22,  1842;  is  an 
accountant  by  occupation.  Entered  the  service  September  4,  1861,  and 
has  held  the  following  commissions:  ist  lieutenant,  Oneida  Cavalry,  Sep 
tember  4,  1861;  ist  lieutenant,  i46th  New  York  Infantry,  1862;  captain, 
in  the  same  regiment,  1863;  captain,  Oneida  Cavalry,  1864;  was  brevetted 
major,  U.  S.  Volunteers,  soon  after  the  close  of  the  war;  took  part  in  the 
Peninsula  campaign,  second  Bull  Run,  Chantilly,  Antietam,  Fredericks- 
burg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Mine  Run,  Wilderness,  Laurel  Hill, 
Spottsylvania,  Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Petersburg,  Five  Forks,  Appomattox, 
and  in  nearly  all  the  battles  in  which  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was 
engaged;  was  wounded  at  Gettysburg  in  the  neck  by  a  bullet,  and  in  the 
back  by  a  fragment  of  shell;  at  Petersburg  in  the  head,  and  in  the  back 


520  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

by  bullets;  was  attached  to  General  Stoneman's  cavalry,  headquarters  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  5th  Army  Corps;  was  honorably  discharged 
at  the  close  of  the  war;  was  engaged  in  business  afterwards  in  New  York 
for  fourteen  years;  emigrated  to  Dakota  Territory  in  1882;  is  at  present 
treasurer  of  Brule  County.  Comrade  Jenkins  is  a  member  of  Reno  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Kimball,  Dak.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  post  comman 
der,  and  assistant  quartermaster-general,  department  of  Dakota. 


BENJAMIN   F.   WOOD. 

Was  born  in  Westfield,  Chautauqua  County,  N.  Y.,  December  19, 
1832;  has  been  a  fanner;  is  at  present  a  carpenter.  Enlisted  as  a  private 
in  the  2d  Minnesota  Infantry,  June  29,  1861;  then  in  the  i8th  New  York 
Cavalry,  24th  day  of  August,  1863;  was  promoted  to  corporal  and  ser 
geant  in  the  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  Department  of  the  Gulf;  was  engaged 
in  the  battles  of  Mill  Springs,  Ky.,  Mansfield  and  Pleasant  Hill,  La.;  was 
honorably  discharged  November  29,  1866.  Comrade  Wood  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Custer  Post,  of  Tacoma,  Washington  Ty.,  his  place  of  residence. 


JOHN   F.    HARTRANFT. 

Was  born  in  Montgomery  County,  Pa.,  December  16,  1830;  his  edu 
cation  was  obtained  in  Marshall  College  preparatory  department,  and  at 
Union  College,  N.  Y.,  where  he  graduated  in  1853;  has  been  a  civil  engi 
neer,  deputy  sheriff  of  his  county,  and  in  1860  was  admitted  to  the  bar. 
Entered  the  service  April  19,  1861,  as  colonel  of  the  4th  Pennsylvania 
Regiment,  whose  term  of  enlistment  expired  on  the  eve  of  the  first  battle 
of  Bull  Run,  when  he  transferred'  the  command  of  the  regiment  to  its 
lieutenant-colonel,  he  remaining  and  participating  in  the  battle  as  an  aid 
on  General  Franklin's  staff;  reorganized  his  old  regiment,  and  entered  the 
service  as  colonel  of  the  5ist  Pennsylvania  Infantry  in  October,  1861;  was 
assigned  to  General  Burnside's  command,  taking  part  in  the  Roanoke 
Island  expedition;  participated  in  the  battles  of  second  Bull  Run,  Chan- 
tilly,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  and  other  notable 
engagements  on  the  Potomac  in  1862;  the  gth  Corps,  to  which  he  was 
attached,  was  ordered  .to  the  Southwest,  and  with  it  he  participated  in  the 
sieges  of  Vicksburg,  Jackson,  and  Knoxville,  where  he  commanded  a 
division;  his  regiment  re-enlisted,  January  2,  1864,  and  was  sent  back  to 
the  Potomac;  was  wounded  in  the  wrist  at  the  Wilderness,  but  remained 
at  his  post,  and  was  made  brigadier-general  May  12,  1862;  was  at  Cold 
Harbor,  and  all  the  battles  before  Petersburg,  where  he  was  wounded, 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  521 

June  17,  1864;  July  30,  1864,  led  a  charge  following  the  explosion  of  a 
rebel  mine,  and  penetrated  the  enemy's  lines,  but  being  unsupported, 
retreat  was  cut  off,  yet  he  escaped;  March  25,  1865,  recaptured  Fort  Stead- 
man,  which  had  been  taken  by  the  Confederates,  and  for  his  services  oil 
that  occasion  was  brevetted  major-general;  declined  a  commission  as  colonel 
of  the  34th  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  was  mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war. 
General  Hartranft  was  auditor-general  of  Pennsylvania  in  1865,  and  was 
re-elected  in  1868,  and  governor  of  the  State  for  two  terms  commencing 
in  1873;  was  appointed  collector  of  the  port  of  Philadelphia,  and  is  at 
present  special  agent  of  the  New  York  Life  Insurance  Company.  Com 
rade  Hartranft  has  been  a  member  of  S.  K.  Zook  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Mor- 
ristown,  Pa.,  since  its  organization,  and  was  a  delegate  at  large  to  the 
national  encampment  until  his  election  as  Commander-in-Chief  in  1875; 
he  was  re-elected  in  1876. 

ISRAEL   R.   WEAMER. 

Was  born  in  Indiana  County,  Pa.,  January  10,  1843;  nas  been  in  the 
hotel  business;  at  present  is  engaged  in  mining.  Enlisted  August  3,  1861, 
as  a  private  in  Company  B,  38th  Ohio  Regiment;  was  promoted  to  corporal, 
and  for  two  years  was  a  mounted  orderly  at  division  headquarters;  was 
attached  to  3d  Division,  i4th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Mill 
Springs,  Shiloh,  Perryville,  Stone  River,  Corinth,  Chickamauga,  Mission 
ary  Ridge,  Ringgold,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Jonesboro,  Peach  Tree  Creek, 
and  all  the  engagements  around  Atlanta,  and  was  with  Sherman  on  his 
march  to  the  sea;  was  honorably  discharged  July  22,  1865.  Comrade 
Weamer  is  a  member  of  Winfield  Scott  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Aspen,  Col., 
where  he  resides. 

DAVID   D.    PORTER. 

Was  born  June  8,  1813,  in  Chester,  Pa.;  a  son  of  Commodore  David 
Porter;  in  1824  went  to  sea  with  his  father,  and  February  2,  1829,  was 
appointed  midshipman  in  the  U.  S.  Navy;  had  previously  been  a  mid 
shipman  in  the  Mexican  Navy,  and  had  taken  part  in  several  engagements; 
from  1829  to  1835  served  on  the  European  station;  was  promoted  to  past- 
midshipman  in  1836,  and  served  in  the  coast  survey  until  promoted  to 
lieutenant  in  February,  1841;  was  at  sea,  and  at  the  Naval  Observatory, 
from  1841  to  1846,  when  he  went  on  a  secret  mission  to  Hayti;  served 
during  the  Mexican  War  as  ist  lieutenant,  and  afterwards  as  captain  of 
the  steamer  Spitfire;  was  for  a  time  on  leave  of  absence  in  command  of 
passenger  steamers ;  commanded  the  Supply,  during  which  time  he 
imported  eighty-four  camels  to  this  country  for  army  transportation 


522  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

purposes;  was  still  a  lieutenant  when  the  war  broke  out;  commanded 
the  U.  S.  steamer  Powhattan,  under  confidential  orders  from  the  Pres 
ident,  and  went  to  the  relief  of  Fort  Pickens;  was  shortly  afterwards 
promoted  to  commander,  and  as  such  reported  to  Flag  Officer  Farragut, 
for  duty  in  command  of  the  mortar  fleet  which  co-operated  in  the  attack 
on  forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip,  and  the  capture  of  New  Orleans;  the 
mortar  fleet  consisted  of  twenty-one  mortar  schooners,  each  carrying 
a  i3-inch  mortar,  and  five  steamers  as  convoys ;  the  mortar  vessels 
having  been  towed  into  position  opened  fire  on  the  rebel  works,  which 
continued  for  six  days  and  nights;  six  thousand  bombs  were  exploded  in 
the  forts,  and  everything  combustible  in  the  works  was  destroyed;  the 
passage  of  the  fleet  was  successfully  accomplished  during  the  night  and 
morning  of  April  24th;  the  reduction  of  the  remaining  forts  was  left  to 
Commander  Porter,  to  whom  they  surrendered  after  one  day's  bombard 
ment;  Farragut  having  reached  the  city,  Commander  Porter  assisted  in 
all  the  operations  between  New  Orleans  and  Vicksburg,  and  at  the  latter 
point  bombarded  the  enemy's  works  so  effectively  that  the  fleet  was  enabled 
to  pass  safely;  in  July  he  was  ordered,  with  the  greater  part  of  his  mortar 
fleet,  to  Fortress  Monroe,  whence  he  was  soon  after  ordered  to  the  com 
mand  of  the  Mississippi  Squadron  as  acting  rear-admiral;  September,  1862, 
improvised  a  navy-yard  at  Mound  City,  where  river  boats  were  covered 
with  light  armor  and  mounted  with  heavy  guns,  and  his  small  squadron 
of  a  dozen  effective  vessels  was  increased  to  over  one  hundred  and  twenty, 
thoroughly  manned  and  officered;  in  conjunction  with  Sherman's  army 
captured  Arkansas  Post,  January,  1863;  afterward  passed  the  batteries  at 
Vicksburg,  and  captured  the  forts  at  Grand  Gulf,  thus  opening  communi 
cation  with  General  Grant,  which  led  to  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg,  July  4, 
1863;  received  the  thanks  of  Congress,  and  was  commissioned  a  rear- 
admiral  from  that  day;  was  during  the  rest  of  the  year  occupied  in  keep 
ing  the  Mississippi  open,  and  in  the  spring  of  1864  co-operated  with 
General  Banks  in  his  operations  along  the  Red  River;  after  the  failure  of 
the  expedition,  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  North  Atlantic  block 
ading  squadron;  in  December,  with  a  force  of  thirty-five  vessels,  including 
five  iron-clads,  and  a  reserve  force  of  nineteen  vessels,  bombarded  the  forts 
at  the  mouth  of  Cape  Fear  River,  and  silenced  them  in  an  hour  and  a 
quarter;  the  military  forces  failing  to  co-operate  with  him,  at  his  request  a 
force  of  8,500  men,  under  General  Terry,  was  detailed  to  assist  him  in  taking 
Fort  Fisher,  which  was,  after  desperate  fighting,  accomplished,  January  1 5, 
1865;  besides  the  land  forces,  1,400  sailors  and  500  marines  were  landed, 
and  participated  in  the  assault;  the  fruits  of  this  victory  were  seventy- 
five  guns  and  1,900  prisoners.  Received  the  thanks  of  Congress  for 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  523 

this  achievement,  being  the  fourth  vote  of  thanks  tendered  him  during 
the  war.  Was  promoted  to  vice-admiral,  July,  1866,  and  ordered  as  super 
intendent  of  the  naval  academy,  which,  through  his  able  administration 
of  its  affairs,  has  been  brought  into  prominence  as  the  best  naval  college 
in  the  world.  Was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  Navy  Department  in  1869,  but 
shortly  withdrew;  was  promoted  to  Admiral  of  the  Navy,  August,  1870, 
and  since  that  time  has  attended  to  the  discharge  of  his  duties  as  senior 
officer  of  the  navy.  Comrade  Porter  is  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.  post 
located  at  Washington  city,  where  he  resides. 

EDGAR   SPALSBURY. 

Was  born  in  Jefferson  County,  N.  Y.,  August  24,  1836;  is  by  profes 
sion  an  attorney-at-law.  Enlisted  in  the  35th  New  York  Infantry,  April 
27,  1861;  was  commissioned  captain  Company  I,  same  regiment,  May  14, 
1861;  was  attached  to  the  ist  Army  Corps;  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of 
Bull  Run,  Brandy  Station,  Bristoe,  Manassas,  and  Chantilly;  was  hon 
orably  discharged  March  27,  1861.  Comrade  Spalsbury  is  a  member  of 
J.  F.  Reynolds  Post,  of  Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  has  been 
adjutant,  quartermaster,  and  commander  of  his  post. 

WILLIAM  MCELROY. 

Was  born  in  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  August  n,  1832;  has  been  an  iron-moulder, 
soldier,  and  farmer.  Entered  the  service  October  17,  1861,  as  a  private  in 
the  76th  Ohio  Infantry;  was  commissioned  captain  in  the  72d  U.  S.  Colored 
Regiment,  August  19,  1864,  and  transferred  to  i2th  U.  S.  Colored 
Artillery  in  1865;  was  appointed  ist  lieutenant  U.  S.  Army,  and  assigned 
to  a  detachment  of  colored  troops;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Fort  Donel- 
son  and  Shiloh;  was  honorably  discharged,  April  24,  1866.  Comrade 
McElroy  is  a  member  of  L.  H.  Rousseau  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Kelsey ville, 
Lake  County,  Cal.,  and  is  a  resident  of  Lakeport,  Cal. 

JAMES   TANNER. 

Was  born  in  Richmondville,  N.  Y.,  April  4,  1844;  has  been  a  farmer, 
school-teacher,  and  attorney-at-law.  Enlisted  in  Company  C,  87th  New  York 
Infantry,  as  a  private,  and  was  promoted  to  corporal;  served  in  Kearny's 
division  in  the  Peninsula  campaign;  under  McClellan,  and  with  Pope  until 
the  second  Bull  Run,  where  a  fragment  of  shell  cut  off  his  right  leg  above 
the  ankle,  and  badly  shattered  the  left,  rendering  it  necessary  to  amputate 


524  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

both  legs  below  the  knee;  was  appointed  deputy  doorkeeper  of  the  New 
York  Assembly,  and  has  held  other  positions  of  profit  and  trust  in  that 
body;  was  appointed  clerk  in  the  War  Department;  on  the  occasion  of 
President  Lincoln's  assassination,  was  at  his  bedside,  and  took  notes  of 
the  first  official  testimony  relating  to  the  case;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1869;  was  appointed  deputy  collector  and  served  four 
years,  and  later  as  collector  of  the  port  of  New  York ;  was  appointed  col 
lector  of  taxes  for  the  city  of  Brooklyn,  and  held  the  office  for  many  years 
under  different  administrations;  is  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  department 
of  New  York,  and  is  a  past  department  commander;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
twentieth  national  encampment  at  San  Francisco,  and  there  nominated 
for  the  office  of  Commander-in- Chief. 


PRENTISS   M.   JONES. 

Was  born  in  Madison,  Somerset  County,  Me.,  August  6,  1838;  has 
been  a  farmer,  logger,  grocer,  and  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  hotel  busi 
ness.  Enlisted  in  the  8th  Minnesota  Infantry,  November  4,  1863;  served 
throughout  the  war  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  23d  Army  Corps;  took 
part  in  the  battles  of  Cedar  Creek,  Tenn.,  Murfreesboro,  and  other  minor 
engagements;  was  mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war;  prior  to  his  enlist 
ment  in  the  volunteer  service,  had  served  with  the  State  troops  during 
the  Indian  disturbances;  has  been  clerk  of  Edwards  County,  Kas.,  and 
postmaster  of  Kinsley  in  that  State.  Comrade  Jones  is  a  member  of  Geo. 
H.  Thomas  Post,  of  Olympia,  Washington  Ty.,  where  he  resides. 


THOMAS  W.    BENNETT. 

Was  born  in  Union  County,  Ind. ,  February  16,  1831;  was  graduated 
from  the  academic  and  law  departments  of  Asbury  University  in  1854; 
is  by  profession  an  attorney-at-law,  and  has  served  as  State  senator;  and 
professor  of  mathematics  and  natural  science  at  White  Water  college  in 
1853.  Enlisted,  April,  1861,  in  the  i5th  Indiana  Infantry,  in  which  he 
served  as  captain;  was  major  of  the  36th  Indiana  Infantry;  colonel,  69th 
Indiana  Infantry;  and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers;  was  attached  to 
the  1 3th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  most  of  the  time;  took 
part  in  the  battles  of  Rich  Mountain,  Shiloh,  Corinth,  Chickasaw  Bayou, 
Arkansas  Post,  Thompson's  Hill,  Champion  Hills,  Black  River  Bridge, 
Vicksburg,  and  the  Red  River  campaign ;  was  wounded  several  times,  but 
never  seriously ;  was  mustered  out  in  1865;  was  elected  mayor  of  Rich 
mond,  Ind.,  in  1869,  but  resigned  in  1871  to  accept  an  appointment  as 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  525 

governor  of  Idaho  Territory;  having  served  as  governor  four  years,  was 
elected  to  Congress  from  Idaho  in  1874;  returned  to  Richmond,  Ind.,  and 
was  again  elected  mayor  several  times.  Comrade  Bennett  is  a  member  of 
Sol  Meredith  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Richmond,  Ind.,  his  place  of  residence; 
is  department  commander  and  president  of  the  State  Pension  Associa 
tion;  has  been  aid  to  the  Commander-in-Chief ;  at  the  twentieth  national 
encampment  was  a  delegate,  and  served  as  a  member  of  the  committee 
on  resolutions. 

GARRETT   D.   LOUCKS. 

Was  born  in  Woodstock,  Mich.,  October  22,  1842;  has  followed  steam- 
boating,  and  is  at  present  engaged  in  the  saloon  business.  Enlisted  in 
December,  1863,  in  the  gth  Kansas  Cavalry;  served  as  sergeant;  was 
attached  to  the  i5th  and  2oth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Shiloh,  Fort  Donelson,  Fort  Henry,  Corinth,  Vicksburg,  Big  Bull  Bayou, 
and  other  actions  of  less  note;  was  mustered  out  August  14,  1865.  Com 
rade  Loucks  is  a  member  of  W.  H.  L.  Wallace  Post,  of  Santa  Cruz,  Cal., 
where  he  resides;  has  served  as  officer  of  the  guard  of  his  post. 


WIIvLIAM  J.    F.    LAAGE. 

Was  born  February  25,  1844,  in  Germany;  a  tinsmith  by  trade;  at 
present  a  confectioner.  Shipped  in  the  U.  S.  Navy,  May  4, 1863,  as  lands 
man,  and  served  in  the  South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  under 
Admiral  Dahlgren;  was  captured,  June  3,  1864,  at  Osaba  Sound,  taken  to 
Savannah,  and  thence  to  Andersonville,  and  after  four  months  was  trans 
ferred  to  Libby  Prison;  was  paroled  October  18,  1864,  and  exchanged  in 
January,  1865.  Comrade  L,aage  is  a  member  of  Appomattox  Post,G.  A.  R., 
of  Oakland,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


J.   WARREN   KEIFER. 

Was  born  in  Clark  County,  Ohio,  January  30,  1836,  and  was  educated 
at  Antioch  College;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858,  and  engaged  in  prac 
tice  at  Springfield,  Ohio;  enlisted  in  the  3d  Ohio  Infantry,  April  19,  1861, 
and  was  commissioned  major;  re-enlisted,  June  i2th,  with  his  regiment,  and 
was  assigned  to  General  McClellan's  command  in  West  Virginia;  was  pro 
moted  lieutenant-colonel,  February  22,  1862;  September  3oth  succeeding 
resigned,  and  was  made  colonel  of  the  noth  Ohio  Infantry;  commanded 
a  brigade  at  Winchester,  and  was  wounded  June,  1863;  at  the  Wilderness, 


526  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

May  5,  1864,  his  left  fore-arm  was  shattered  by  a  musket-ball,  but  was 
on  duty  again  August  26th ;  at  Opequon  was  struck  in  the  thigh  by  a  frag 
ment  of  shell,  but  not  disabled;  was  brevetted  brigadier  and  major  general; 
in  1865  was  mustered  out,  and  returned  to  Springfield,  Ohio,  where  he 
resumed  his  practice;  was  elected  to  Congress,  and  chosen  speaker  of  the 
House  for  the  term  of  1881-82.  Comrade  Keifer  is  a  past  department  com 
mander,  G.  A.  R. 

JOHN    P.    S.    GOBIN. 

Was  born  in  Sunbury,  Pa.,  January  26,  1836;  is  an  attorney  by  pro 
fession.  Enlisted  in  Company  F,  nth  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  April  19, 
1861;  was  promoted  to  captain,  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  and 
brevet  brigadier-general;  was  mustered  out  January  3,  1866;  is  a  member 
of  Sedgwick  Post,  of  Lebanon,  Pa.,  where  he  resides,  and  is  department 
commander. 

DBNSON    C.    SADDLEMIRE. 

Was  born  May  2,  1847,  m  Knox,  Albany  County,  N.  Y.;  has  been  a 
farmer,  and  is  at  present  a  nurseryman.  Enlisted,  as  a  private,  in  the  nth 
New  York  Independent  Battery,  September  5,  1864;  was  attached  to  the 
3d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  2d  Army  Corps;  took  pact  in  the  battles  of 
Hatcher's  Run,  the  siege  of  Petersburg,  and  in  all  engagements  to  the 
surrender  of  General  Lee;  was  honorably  discharged  June  13,  1865.  Com 
rade  Saddlemire  is  a  member  of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Oakland,  Cal., 
has  been  sergeant-major,  junior  vice-commander,  and  is  at  present  senior 
vice-commander  of  his  post;  is  a  resident  of  North  Temescal,  Cal. 

JOHN    C.    ROBINSON. 

Was  born  in  Binghamton,  N.  Y.,  April  10,  1817.  Entered  the  mili 
tary  academy  at  West  Point,  1835;  three  years  later  left  the  academy  and 
studied  law,  which  he  gave  up  to  accept  a  commission  as  2d  lieutenant  in 
the  5th  U.  S.  Infantry;  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant,  and  served  in  the 
Mexican  War;  after  which  he  was  stationed  in  the  Cherokee  Nation  and 
in  Texas;  was  commissioned  captain  in  1850,  and  sent  against  the  Semi- 
nole  Indians;  thence  went  to  Utah,  where  he  commanded  Fort  Bridger; 
subsequently  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  Fort  McHenry,  Baltimore; 
at  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  learning  that  the  capture  of  the  fort  was  con 
templated  by  a  mob,  and  having  only  one  hundred  men,  he  erected  in  a 
conspicuous  place  army-tents,  and  made  a  show  of  preparation  for  the 
reception  of  large  bodies  of  troops;  this  ruse  saved  the  fort  from  seizure, 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  527 

as  it  gave  notice  that  an  attack  had  been  anticipated ;  was  dispatched  to 
the  West  as  mustering  officer,  and  soon  afterward  was  commissioned  colonel 
of  the  ist  Michigan  Regiment;  became  major  of  the  2d  U.  S.  Infantry  in 
February,  1862,  and  a  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  in  April  following; 
taking  command  at  Newport  News  in  May;  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  ist  Brigade,  Kearny's  division,  Heintzelman's  corps;  was  in  the 
Peninsula  campaign;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg,  Centre- 
ville,  Culpeper,  Mine  Run,  the  Rapidan,  and  Gettysburg,  in  all  of  which 
he  commanded  a  division  of  the  ist  Army  Corps;  in  the  campaign  of 
Grant,  1864,  commanded  a  division  in  the  5th  Corps,  and  in  an  unsuccess 
ful  attempt  to  dislodge  the  enemy  at  Todd's  Tavern,  was  shot  through  the 
left  knee,  necessitating  the  amputation  of  his  left  thigh;  being  disqualified 
for  field  service,  discharged  other  important  duties,  and  was  in  1869  retired 
with  the  full  rank  of  major-general,  U.  S.  Army;  has  been  lieutenant- 
governor  of  New  York.  Comrade  Robinson  is  a  member  of  Watrous  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Binghamto'n,  N.  Y.,  where  he  resides;  was  department  com 
mander  in  1870,  and  Commander-in-Chief  in  1877-78. 

TRUMAN   H.   ALLEN. 

Was  born  in  Keeseville,  Essex  County,  N.  Y.,  in  1832.  Entered  the 
service  February  12,  1863;  was  commissioned  captain  of  Company  H, 
22d  New  York  Cavalry;  was  also  mustered  in  the  68th  New  York  Infantry; 
took  part  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Fredericksburg,  Brandy  Sta 
tion,  Todd's  Tavern,  Spottsylvania,  Culpeper,  Cold  Harbor,  and  several 
minor  engagements;  at  the  Wilderness  received  a  wound  by  which  his 
right  ribs  were  broken,  and  at  Cold  Harbor  was  shot  through  the  right 
foot;  was  appointed  U.  S.  pension  agent,  with  the  head  office  in  San  Fran 
cisco,  August  i,  1885.  Comrade  Allen  is  a  member  of  Appomattox  Post, 
G.  A.  R. ,  of  Oakland,  Cal.,  where  he  resides,  and  was  an  alternate  dele 
gate  to  the  twentieth  national  encampment  from  California. 


C.   MASON    KINNE. 

Was  born  in  the  State  of  New  York  in  1841,  and  completed  a  course 
of  studies  at  the  High  School  at  Syracuse.  Emigrated  to  San  Francisco 
in  1858,  and  joined  the  ist  California  Guard  in  1859;  served  as  a  private 
until  commissioned  2d  lieutenant  in  1862;  resigned  to  enlist  in  the  Cali 
fornia  Hundred,  Company  A,  2d  Massachusetts  Cavalry;  was  promoted  to 
2d  lieutenant  of  Company  A,  and  to  ist  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  his 
regiment;  took  part  in  the  campaign  on  the  Peninsula,  the  battles  with 


528  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

Early  in  his  first  advance  on  Washington,  and  in  the  subsequent  move 
ments  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley;  was  appointed  captain  and  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  the  Regular  Brigade,  ist  Cavalry  Division,  serving 
with  it  at  the  White  House,  at  Five  Forks,  and  at  Appomattox;  was  rec 
ommended  for  brevet  major;  was  wounded  in  one  of  his  ears  at  Waynes- 
boro,  September  28,  1864,  and  mustered  out  in  July,  1865.  Comrade 
Kinne  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  his 
place  of  residence,  and  is  a  past  department  commander. 

FRANK   MILLER. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city,  December  28,  1849;  ^s  a  book-keeper. 
Enlisted  in  the  2d  New  York  Cavalry  as  a  private,  August  18,  1862;  was 
attached  to  Custer's  division,  Army  of  the  Shenandoah;  took  part  in  the 
battles  of  Cedar  Creek,  Fisher's  Hill,  Waynesboro,  Five  Forks,  Sailors' 
Creek,  and  Appomattox;  received  a  wound  in  the  right  leg  at  the  battle  of 
Five  Forks;  at  the  battle  of  Sailors'  Creek  captured  a  battle-flag  of  a 
Louisiana  battalion,  and  was  awarded  a  medal  of  honor  by  a  vote  of  Con 
gress  in  recognition  of  his  meritorious  service.  Comrade  Miller  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Colonel  Cass  Post,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 


LOUIS    P.    BROWN. 

Was  born  in  Clinton,  N.  Y. ;  has  been  a  carpenter;  is  at  present  a 
builder.  Enlisted,  August  9,  1862,  in  the  73d  Indiana  Infantry;  served 
as  a  private  throughout  his  term  of  enlistment;  was  attached  to  the  ist 
Brigade,  2d  Division,  4th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Rich 
mond,  Ky.,  Perry ville,  Crab  Orchard,  Silver  Springs,  Stone  River,  Mill 
Creek,  Decatur,  Huntsville,  Athens,  Point  Rock,  Nashville,  Chattanooga, 
Missionary  Ridge,  Lookout  Mountain,  and  other  engagements;  was 
wounded  at  Stone  River  three  times;  was  honorably  discharged  July, 
1865.  Comrade  Brown  is  a  member  of  Frank  Bartlett  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

EDWARD   M.  PIKE. 

Was  born  in  Casco,  Me.,  July  i,  1838;  received  his  education  in  pub 
lic  schools  and  the  Illinois  State  Normal  University;  has  been  a  teacher; 
is  at  present  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  tile,  brick,  and  patent  kilns, 
at  Chenoa,  Ills.  Enlisted,  August  21,  1861,  in  Company  A,  33d  Illinois 
Infantry;  took  part  in  twelve  battles,  and  at  Cache  River,  Ark.,  two  small 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  529 

companies  of  his  regiment,  with  a  battery,  killed  210  of  the  enemy  in  less 
than  four  hours ;  in  the  heat  of  the  fight,  in  full  face  of  and  almost  sur 
rounded  by  the  foe,  he  succeeded  in  dragging  off  a  cannon,  around  which 
all  the  men  and  horses  had  been  killed,  except  the  wounded  lieutenant  in 
command  of  the  battery;  was  mustered  out  in  October,  1864,  having 
never  missed  a  march  or  a  fight  in  which  his  command  was  engaged.  Has 
served  as  chief  of  police,  sheriff  of  McLean  County,  supervisor  for  five 
consecutive  terms,  and  internal  revenue  officer.  Comrade  Pike  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Chenoa  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  at  Chenoa,  Ills. ,  where  he  resides,  of  which 
he  has  been  senior  vice-commander,  officer  of  the  day,  and  commander 
of  his  post,  and  at  the  twentieth  national  encampment  was  a  delegate 
from  the  department  of  Illinois. 

LEON   E.  JONES. 

Was  born  in  1841  in  Platte  City,  Mo.;  has  been  a  merchant,  con 
tractor,  and  farmer.  Enlisted,  July  12,  1862,  in  the  i2th  Pennsylvania 
Cavalry,  and  served  as  private,  sergeant,  2d  lieutenant,  and  ist  lieutenant, 
commissions  dating  June  24,  1864,  and  January  n,  1865;  was  attached 
to  the  Army  of  West  Virginia;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  South  Mount 
ain,  Boonesboro,  Antietam,  Winchester,  Gettysburg,  and  Kernstown;  was 
wounded  at  Kernstown;  carried  the  dispatches  from  Grant  to  Sheridan 
while  the  latter  was  at  Harrisbtirg,  Va. ,  bringing  him  down  the  valley  on 
his  famous  ride;  rode  no  miles  in  fifteen  hours  in  carrying  those  dis 
patches;  was  honorably  discharged  in  March,  1865.  Comrade  Jones  joined 
Phil  Sheridan  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose,  Cal. ,  of  which  he  was  adjutant; 
was  transferred  to  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  of  San  Francisco;  is  a  resi 
dent  of  Santa  Cruz,  Cal. 

SAMUEL   SWINFIN   BURDETT. 

Was  born  in  Leicestershire,  England,  in  1836;  at  the  age  of  twelve 
came  to  the  United  States,  accompanying  an  elder  brother,  and  settled 
near  Elmira,  Ohio,  at  which  place  he  attended  school.  After  graduating 
from  Oberlin  College,  Mr.  Burdett  removed  to  Clinton  County,  la.,  where 
he  read  law,  and  was  soon  admitted  to  the  bar.  Enlisted  in  the  ist  Iowa 
Cavalry  in  1861;  commissioned  lieutenant,  and  was  promoted  to  captain 
in  1862;  served  in  Missouri  and  Arkansas  until  1863,  under  General  S.  R. 
Curtis,  when  he  was  detailed  as  judge-advocate.  Returned  to  Iowa  in  1865, 
and  shortly  afterward  removed  to  Osceola,  Mo. ,  resuming  the  practice  of 
his  profession.  Served  two  terms  as  a  member  of  Congress,  during  the 
years  of  1868  to  1872,  and  in  1874  was  appointed  commissioner  of  the 

21 


530  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

general  land  office;  after  serving  for  two  years,  the  arduous  duties  of  the 
office  completely  shattering  his  health,  and  being  compelled  to  resign, 
made  a  tour  of  the  world,  in  the  hope  of  regaining  his  lost  health,  by 
which  he  was  greatly  benefited,  and  having  occasion  to  visit  Peru  on 
business,  he  remained  there  in  1878  and  1879,  returning  to  the  United 
States  completely  restored;  since  1879  has  been  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law  at  Washington,  D.  C.  Mr.  Burdett's  connection  with  the  Grand 
Army  dates  from  an  early  stage  in  its  history;  was  elected  department 
commander  of  the  department  of  the  Potomac  in  1881,  and  again  in  1882; 
at  the  igth  national  encampment  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic, 
held  at  Portland,  Me.,  in  1885,  was  elected  Commander-in- Chief. 

FRANK   SEBREY. 

Was  born  May  18,  1835,  at  St.  Michael's  Island;  has  been  a  sailor, 
and  is  at  present  a  farmer.  Enlisted,  in  the  ist  Connecticut  Cavalry, 
in  February,  1863;  served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Winchester  and  Snake  Gap; 
received  a  wound  in  the  right  shoulder  and  the  right  foot;  was  mustered 
out  in  1865.  Comrade  Sebrey  is  a  member  of  Appomattox  Post,  G.  A.  R., 
of  Oakland,  Cal.,  and  resides  at  East  Oakland. 

STEPHEN   P.  CORLISS. 

Was  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  July  26,  1842.  Enlisted,  July  15,  1862, 
in  the  nth  Battery  of  New  York  Artillery,  as  a  private;  was  successively 
promoted  to  2d  lieutenant,  ist  lieutenant,  captain  of  the  4th  New  York 
Artillery,  brevet  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel;  was  attached  to 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  was  captured  August  25,  1864,  confined  at 
Libby  Prison,  and  exchanged  about  November  i,  1864;  was  mustered  out, 
.on  his  own  application,  December  16,  1865.  Is  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R., 
department  of  New  York,  and  is  a  past  department  commander. 

WILLIS   H.  WATSON. 

Was  born' June  22,  1840,  in  Vincennes,  Ind. ;  has  been  and  still  is  a 
merchant.  Enlisted,  August  3,  1862,  in  Company  G  of  the  8oth  Indiana 
Infantry,  and  was  commissioned  captain  of  his  company  from  that  date; 
was  attached  to  the  23d  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Perry  - 
ville,  Ky.;  was  wounded  in  the  right  side;  was  honorably  discharged  at 
Munfordsville,  Ky.  Joined  the  G.  A.  R.,  June  10,  1875,  at  Aurora,  Ills.; 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  531 

is  a  member  of  Aurora  Post  at  that  place,  where  he  resides;  has  been  for 
two  and  one-half  years  quartermaster  of  his  post,  and  was  for  three  years 
assistant  quartermaster-general  of  the  department  of  Illinois;  in  1865  was 
appointed  assistant  postmaster  of  Savannah,  Ga. ,  and  was  shortly  after 
wards  appointed  U.  S.  assessor  for  the  4th  district  of  "Georgia,  which  posi 
tion  he  held  until  1868,  when  he  resigned;  went  north  and  engaged  in 
business;  has  been  twice  a  delegate  to  conventions  to  nominate  a  Presi 
dent;  was  vice-president  of  the  soldiers'  and  sailors'  convention  at  Chi 
cago;  has  represented  his  G.  A.  R.  post  at  every  State  convention  since  it 
was  organized,  and  has  attended  the  G.  A.  R.  national  encampments  at 
Chicago,  Indianapolis,  Denver,  Memphis,  and  San  Francisco;  was  also 
aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  General  Hartranft  when  he  was  Commander- 
in-Chief  of  the  G.  A.  R. 


JOHN    C.   BONNELL. 

Was  born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  July  28,  1841;  moved  to  Fort  Madison, 
la.,  in  1843.  Enlisted  in  Company  E,  iQth  Iowa  Infantry,  July  28,  1862, 
his  twenty-first  birthday;  was  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  in  September, 
1864,  and  served  in  that  capacity  until  August  13,  1865,  when  he  was 
honorably  discharged.  After  the  war,  engaged  in  the  dry  goods  trade 
and  manufacturing  in  Fort  Madison;  was  subsequently  employed  for  six 
teen  years  by  the  Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincy  Railroad;  removed  to 
Burlington,  la.,  where  he  has  been  acting  as  secretary  of  the  Reserve 
Mutual  Life  Association.  Comrade  Bonnell  is  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R., 
and  past  department  commander  of  the  department  of  Iowa. 


JOSEPH   CHARLES   HALL. 

Joseph  Charles  Hall  was  born  in  1841,  in  Ashtabula  County,  Ohio; 
after  receiving  a  collegiate  education  at  Oberlin,  went  to  Wisconsin,  and 
finally  became  a  pilot  on  the  Upper  Mississippi  River,  in  which  occupa 
tion  he  was  engaged  when  the  war  broke  out.  He  abandoned  his  busi 
ness  and  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  K,  8th  Wisconsin  Infantry 
("The  Eagle  Regiment "), and  after  seven  months'  service  was  discharged 
for  disability;  regaining  his  health,  reenlisted  in  Company  E,  33d  Wis 
consin  Infantry,  which  was  assigned  to  duty  with  the  Army  of  the  Ten 
nessee;  was  engaged  with  his  command,  in  1862,  at  Hatchie  River  and 
Cold  water,  in  north  Mississippi,  and  in  1863  at  Champion  Hills,  Jackson, 
Raymond,  Black  River,  and  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg;  in  1864  was  on 
the  Meridian  expedition,  under  Sherman,  and  on  return  his  regiment  and 


532  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

others  of  the  i  yth  Corps  were  assigned  to  the  command  of  General  A.  J. 
Smith,  and  proceeded  on  the  Red  River  expedition;  returning  to  and  pro 
ceeding  up  the  Mississippi  River  to  Memphis,  Smith's  command  moved 
into  Mississippi;  was  badly  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Tupelo;  was  dis 
charged  from  hospital  and  rejoined  his  regiment  at  St.  Louis,  and  was 
with  it  in  its  pursuit  of  Price  out  of  Missouri  in  October  and  November, 
1864;  ordered  to  Nashville;  took  part,  with  his  regiment,  in  the  battles 
there  of  December  i5th  and  i6th,  in  which  the  rebel  forces  under  Hood 
were  so  completely  defeated;  moving  to  Eastport,  the  command  proceeded 
by  water  to  Mobile  Bay,  where  he  participated  in  the  capture  of  Spanish 
Fort  and  Fort  Blakely  on  April  8  and  9,  1865;  marching  to  Montgomery, 
Ala.,  and  thence  garrisoning  Tuskegee  until  August,  his  regiment  pro 
ceeded  to  Madison,  Wis.,  where  he  was  honorably  discharged.  Settling 
in  Iowa,  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  for  a  number  of  years,  when  he 
came  to  San  Francisco,  where  he  now  holds  an  official  position  under 
municipal  authority.  Comrade  Hall  established  the  Pacific  Veteran,  a 
weekly  journal  devoted  to  G.  A.  R.  interests,  and  has  been  a  member  of 
Lincoln  Post,  No.  i,  department  of  California,  since  1877;  is  a  resident 
of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

WILLIAM   E.  MASON. 

Was  born  in  Rushville,  Ills.,  July  22,  1838;  a  farmer  by  occupation. 
Enlisted,  February  4,  1864,  in  the  66th  Illinois  Veteran  Infantry;  was 
attached  to  the  i5th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the  battles  of  Culpeper  Court 
house,  2d  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Resaca,  Dallas,  Kenesaw 
Mountain,  Decatur,  Atlanta,  Columbia,  S.  C.,  Chevaw,  and  Bentonville; 
was  wounded  in  the  face  and  taken  prisoner  at  Chambersburg;  was  honor 
ably  discharged  at  the  end  of  the  war.  Comrade  Mason  is  a  member  of 
Ellsworth  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Silver  Creek,  Neb.,  where  he  resides;  has 
been  senior  vice-commander  of  his  post. 


JOSEPH   HENRY   BARBOUR. 

Was  born  in  Orion,  Mich.,  in  1843;  was  attending  school  at  the  out 
break  of  the  war,  but  left  to  enlist  as  a  private  in  Company  A,  gth  Mich 
igan  Infantry,  August  13,  1861;  took  part  in  the  Kentucky  campaign; 
engaged  in  erecting  fortifications,  skirmishing  and  reconnoitering;  partici 
pated  in  the  battle  of  Murfreesboro;  in  1862  was  captured,  and  exchanged 
in  time  to  take  part  in  the  battle  of  Chickamatiga.  Reenlisted,  in  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland,  with  his  regiment,  which  was  reorganized  as 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  533 

veterans;  was  made  sergeant  of  his  old  company,  promoted  to  ist  lieuten 
ant,  Company  K,  i6th  U.  S.  Colored  Regiment,  and  soon  after  made 
adjutant  of  the  regiment;  was  at  the  battle  of  Nashville,  December,  1864; 
mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war,  when  a  commission  was  offered  to 
him  in  the  Regular  Army,  which  he  declined.  Is  at  present  engaged  in 
the  fruit-canning  business  at  San  Jose,  Cal.,  where  he  has  been  residing 
since  1872.  Comrade  Barbour  is  a  member  of  John  A.  Dix  Post,  of  San 
Jose,  and  is  a  member  of  the  council  of  administration,  department  of 
California. 

WILLIAM   F.  ROGERS. 

Was  born  in  Northampton  County,  Pa.,  March  i,  1820;  a  printer  by 
trade.  Entered  the  service  as  captain  of  Company  C,  2ist  New  York 
Infantry ;  was  promoted  to  colonel  and  brevet  brigadier-general,  and 
mustered  out  of  the  service  May  19,  1863.  Since  the  war  has  been  city 
comptroller  of  Buffalo,  mayor,  member  of  Congress,  and  secretary  of  the 
park  commission ;  is  at  present  major-general  of  the  4th  Division,  National 
Guard  of  New  York;  is  a  member  of  Chapin  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Buffalo, 
N.  Y.,  where  he  resides;  has  served  as  its  commander,  and  is  a  past  com 
mander  of  the  department. 

CHARLES   R.   THOMPSON. 

Was  born  in  Bath,  Me.,  February  24,  1840.  Enlisted  in  1861,  in  a 
Missouri  engineer  regiment,  as  a  private;  was  commissioned  ist  lieuten 
ant  in  November,  1861;  captain  and  aid-de-camp,  January,  1863;  colonel, 
1 2th  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry,  August,  1863;  and  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general,  February,  1865 ;  took  part  in  the  battles  at  New  Madrid, 
Island  No.  10,  Farmington,  Corinth,  Stone  River,  Johnsonville,  and  Nash 
ville;  was  honorably  discharged  in  January,  1866.  Comrade  Thompson 
is  a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. , 
where  he  resides,  and  is  at  present  treasurer  of  the  California  Safe  Deposit 
and  Trust  Company. 

ELIJAH   SELLS. 

Was  born  in  Franklin  County,  Ohio,  February  5,  1816;  has  been  a 
farmer,  manufacturer,  merchant,  and  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  was  serv 
ing  his  third  term  as  Secretary  of  State  of  Iowa;  was  active  in  assisting 
the  governor  of  Iowa  to  organize  the  troops  of  that  State;  was  commis 
sioned  paymaster  in  the  army;  refused  the  use  of  his  name  as  a  candidate 
for  governor,  whilst  serving  in  the  field;  was  commissioned  a  master  in 


534  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

the  U.  S.  Navy  in  1863,  and  assigned  to  the  receiving-ship  Grampus,  of 
the  Mississippi  Squadron;  was  promoted  to  lieutenant;  resigned  August 
i,  1864,  to  accept  the  position  of  3d  auditor  of  the  U.  S.  Treasury,  and 
afterward  was  auditor  of  the  Treasury  for  the  Postoffice  Department. 
Comrade  Sells  is  a  member  of  J.  B.  McKean  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah  Ty.,  where  he  resides,  and  is  at  present  department  commander. 


PHILIP   H.    SHERIDAN. 

Was  born  in  the  village  of  Somerset,  Perry  County,  Ohio,  March  6, 
1831;  received  a  common  school  education,  and  was  for  a  time  a  clerk  in 
a  country  store;  was  appointed  a  cadet  to  the  U.  S.  military  academy  at 
West  Point  by  the  member  of  Congress  from  the  district  in  which  he 
resided;  entering  the  institution  in  1848,  and  from  which  he  graduated 
July  i,  1853,  when  he  was  assigned  as  brevet  2d  lieutenant,  ist  U.  S.  Infan 
try;  his  first  service  was  in  Texas  against  the  Indians;  was  promoted  to 
2d  lieutenant,  4th  Infantry,  November  22,  1854,  and  joined  his  regiment, 
then  on  duty  in  Oregon  and  Washington  Territory;  took  part  in  the 
Yakima  campaign,  and  the  other  military  operations  during  the  Oregon 
Indian  war  of  1855  and  1856;  commanded  a  detachment  of  troops  in  the 
fight  with  Indians  at  the  Cascades,  Washington  Ty.,  in  1856;  promoted 
to  ist  lieutenant,  4th  Infantry,  March  i,  1861;  captain,  i3th  Infantry,  May 
i,  1 86 1,  and  ordered  to  report  for  duty  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  St.  Louis,  Mo. ; 
acted  as  quartermaster  and  commissary  for  General  Curtis  at  the  com 
mencement  of  his  Pea  Ridge  campaign;  became  colonel,  2d  Michigan 
Cavalry,  May  25,  1862,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  a  brigade  of 
cavalry,  with  which  he  fought  the  Confederate  forces  under  General  Chal 
mers  at  Boonville,  Miss.,  July  i,  1862;  was  promoted  to  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers,  to  date  from  that  action;  became  major-general  of  volun 
teers,  December  31,  1862;  commanded  a  division  in  the  pursuit  of  the 
Confederate  general  Bragg,  and  at  the  battles  of  Perryville,  Murfreesboro 
(Stone  River),  Chickamauga,  Chattanooga,  Mission  Ridge,  and  other 
important  engagements  in  the  department  of  Tennessee ;  was  transferred 
to  the  scene  of  operations  in  Virginia,  and  made  chief  of  cavalry  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac;  the  corps  under  his  command  of  eleven  months, 
from  May  5,  1864,  to  April  9,  1865  (the  day  on  which  the  Confederate 
army,  under  General  Lee,  surrendered),  was  engaged  in  seventy-six  battles, 
captured  one  hundred  and  seventy  field-pieces,  and  two  hundred  and 
five  battle-flags ;  appointed  brigadier-general,  U.  S.  Army,  September 
20,  1864;  major-general,  U.  S.  Army,  November  8,  1864,  "for  the  per 
sonal  gallantry,  military  skill,  and  just  confidence  in  the  courage  and 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  535 

patriotism  of  his  troops,  displayed  by  him  on  October  igth,  at  Cedar  Run, 
whereby  under  the  blessings  of  Providence  his  routed  army  was  reorgan 
ized,  a  great  national  disaster  averted,  and  a  brilliant  victory  achieved 
over  the  rebels  for  the  third  time  in  pitched  battle  within  thirty  days;" 
the  thanks  of  Congress  were  tendered  to  Major-General  Philip  H.  Sheri 
dan,  and  to  the  officers  and  soldiers  under  his  command,  by  joint  resolu 
tion,  approved  February  9,  1865,  "for  the  gallantry,  military  skill,  and 
courage  displayed  in  the  brilliant  series  of  victories  achieved  by  them  in 
the  valley  of  the  Shenandoah,  and  especially  for  their  services  at  Cedar 
Run  on  October  19,  1864,  which  retrieved  the  fortunes  of  the  day,  and 
thus  averted  a  great  disaster."  General  Sheridan  became  lieutenant- 
general  of  the  army  March  4,  1869.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic  and  also  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  and,  as  commander  of  the 
army,  has  his  official  residence  in  Washington  city,  D.  C. 


JOSEPH   W.   BRACKETT. 

Was  born  in  Otsego  County,  N.  Y.,  January  19,  1815;  has  been  a 
lawyer,  and  from  1831  to  1836  a  midshipman  in  the  U.  S.  Navy;  went  to 
California  in  1849.  Enlisted  in  the  gth  Illinois  Cavalry,  January  i,  1862; 
was  commissioned  ist  lieutenant  in  January,  1862;  was  attached  to  the 
1 6th  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Galloway  Farm,  Cache 
Bayou,  Helena,  Ark. ,  and  Germantown,  Tenn. ;  was  taken  prisoner  at 
Helena;  mustered  out  April  8,  1863.  Comrade  Brackett  is  a  member  of 
Major-General  John  Buford  Post,  of  Rock  Island,  Ills.,  where  he  resides, 
and  has  served  as  senior  vice-commander  and  commander  of  his  post. 


DANIEL   A.  GROSVENOR. 

Was  born  in  Athens  County,  Ohio,  March  4,  1839;  was  educated  in 
the  district  schools,  and  attended  the  academy  at  Castile,  N.  Y.;  has 
been  a  farmer  and  teacher.  Enlisted,  April  19,  1861,  as  a  private  in 
Company  C,  3d  Ohio  Infantry,  and  reenlisted  at  the  end  of  three  months,* 
service;  was  attached  to  General  McClellan's  command,  and  took  part  in 
the  West  Virginia  campaign  of  1861;  in  November  of  that  year  was 
attached  to  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  participated  in  the  actions 
of  Bowling  Green,  Nashville,  Huntsville,  and  Bridgeport;  was  severely 
wounded  at  Perryville  by  a  minie-ball  through  the  left  thigh,  and  dis 
abled  for  several  months;  participated  in  Straight's  raid  through  Georgia, 
during  which  he  was  wounded  May  4,  1863,  and  taken  prisoner  with  his 
entire  regiment;  was  exchanged;  participated  in  the  pursuit  of  Morgan 


536  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

in  Ohio  and  his  surrender  in  August,  1863;  returned  to  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland  in  September,  1863,  doing  arduous  duty  in  the  campaign  to 
Chattanooga,  where  he  remained  until  the  fall  of  Atlanta;  was  mustered 
out,  with  his  command,  June  23,  1864.  After  the  war,  entered  into  mer 
cantile  business  in  Cincinnati;  in  1877  was  commissioned  assistant  adju 
tant-general  of  Ohio,  and  during  his  term  of  office  rendered  material  aid 
in  the  settlement  of  labor  difficulties  which  threatened,  at  one  time,  dread 
ful  results;  was  appointed  in  March,  1880,  clerk  in  the  Treasury  Depart 
ment;  in  the  meantime  took  a  thorough  course  of  study  in  the  National 
University  Law  School  of  Washington,  D.  C.,  graduating  in  1884  with 
the  degree  of  master  of  law.  Comrade  Grosvenor  was  a  member  of  George 
G.  Meade  Post,  department  of  the  Potomac,  and  afterwards  became  a 
member  of  Burnside  Post,  same  department,  to  which  he  still  belongs; 
has  been  officer  of  the  guard,  junior  vice-commander,  and  senior  vice- 
commander  of  his  post;  was  twice  a  delegate  to  the  department  encamp 
ment,  a  member  of  the  department  council  of  administration,  and  twice 
a  representative  to  the  national  encampment;  was  one  of  the  committee 
on  resolutions  at  the  aoth  national  encampment  at  San  Francisco. 


JAMES  J.    LYON. 

Was  born  July  22,  1837,  in  West  Pembroke,  Genesee  County,  N.  Y. ; 
removing  with  his  parents  to  Michigan,  he  received  an  academic  educa 
tion,  and  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion  was  a  citizen  of  Kansas;  no 
troops  being  required  from  that  young  State  under  President  Lincoln's 
first  call,  he  went  to  Washington  to  aid  in  its  defense;  remaining  there 
until  the  ist  Michigan  Infantry,  a  three  months'  regiment,  arrived,  filled 
to  the  maximum,  an  accident  created  a  vacancy  in  Company  B,  in  which 
he  enlisted  June  2,  1861;  severe  illness  prevented  him  from  participating 
in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run  ;  was  mustered  out  with  his  regiment 
at  Detroit,  Mich.,  August  7,  1861  ;  on  October  Qth  of  the  same  year 
enlisted  in  Michigan,  in  Company  H,  24th  Regiment,  Missouri  Infantry, 
and  going  to  St.  Louis  was  mustered  in  at  Benton  Barracks;  promoted 
to  ist  sergeant,  November  i,  1861;  a  month  later  was  elected  ist  lieu 
tenant  of  his  company ;  performed  garrison  and  camp  duty  at  Pilot 
Knob  and  Rolla,  in  the  Army  of  the  Southwest,  under  General  Curtis; 
moved  from  the  latter  point  in  January,  1862,  to  drive  the  rebel  forces  of 
General  Price  from  the  State;  the  24th  Missouri  was  part  of  Dodge's 
brigade,  Carr's  division,  and  accomplishing  its  object,  the  army  afterwards 
fought  the  returned  forces  of  Price  and  McCullough  at  Pea  Ridge,  Ark., 
(March  6,  7,  8,  1862)  Lieutenant  Lyon  having  command  of  his  own  and 


GRAND  ARMY   OF  THE  REPUBLIC.  537 

another  company  (I),  losing  several  in  killed  and  wounded  in  each  com 
pany,  marched  to  Helena,  Ark.,  via  Batesville;  was  promoted  to  captain, 
July  16,  1862;  his  regiment  was  transferred  to  Missouri  in  October  of  that 
year,  and  during  the  next  twelve  months  performed  duty  at  Pilot  Knob, 
Patterson,  and  Rolla,  besides  forming  part  of  several  uneventful  expedi 
tions;  served  as  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  of  brigade,  division,  and 
district;  was  ordered  to  St.  Louis,  where  he  performed  duty  as  judge- 
advocate  of  district  and  department  courts-martial  and  military  commis 
sions;  his  regiment  having  become  transferred,  and  about  to  take  the  field 
against  Forrest  in  West  Tennessee,  he  rejoined  it,  and  later  was  assigned 
to  duty  by  Major-General  Hurlbut  as  judge-advocate,  3d  Division,  i6th 
Army  Corps;  he  served  in  the  Meridian  expedition,  and  the  one  up  Red 
River  in  1864,  and  in  all  the  battles  and  campaigns  of  General  A.  J. 
Smith's  command  of  that  corps;  on  October  i,  1864,  was  promoted  to 
major  over  captains  senior  in  rank,  and  was  retained  in  service  by  a  special 
order  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  after  a  majority  of  his  regiment  had  been 
mustered  out ;  after  the  battle  of  Nashville,  Tenn. ,  the  recruits  and 
re-enlisted  men  of  the  24th  Missouri  and  Major  Lyon  were  consolidated 
with  the  2ist  Missouri  Veteran  Infantry,  and  upon  the  reorganization  of 
the  i6th  Army  Corps  he  was  assigned  to  duty  in  it  as  assistant  inspector- 
general,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel;  having  received  commissions 
as  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel  of  his  regiment,  he  finally  resigned 
from  the  service  at  Mobile,  Ala.,  August  7,  1865,  precisely  four  years 
from  the  date  of  his  "muster  out"  at  Detroit,  Mich.,  in  1861;  migrating 
to  Montana  early  in  1866,  engaged  in  merchandising  and  quartz-mining, 
and  in  1874  settled  in  San  Francisco,  where  he  is  now  engaged  in  jour 
nalism;  joining  Lincoln  Post,  of  the  department  of  California,  G.  A.  R., 
he  served  as  its  commander  during  the  years  1878-79,  and  through  his 
efforts  is  largely  due  the  enactment  of  the  law  making  the  3oth  of  May 
a  legal  holiday  in  this  State;  in  1880  he  originated  the  movement  result 
ing  in  the  Veterans'  Home  at  Yountville;  as  editor  of  the  Pacific  Veteran 
he  is  widely  known  among  the  comrades  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic. 

HOWARD    W.  WELLS. 

Was  born  in  Concord,  Me.,  May  14,  1838;  attended  the  common  and 
high  schools;  has  been  a  mechanic;  had  formerly  belonged  to  the  old  6th 
Massachusetts  Regiment,  and  enlisted,  May  27,  1862,  in  Company  A,  i6th 
Maine  Infantry;  in  which  he  was  sergeant;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  and  took  part  in  many  of  the  battles  in  which  that  army 
was  engaged;  was  severely  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg, 


538  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

December  13,  1863,  suffering  the  loss  of  his  right  leg;  was  honorably  dis 
charged,  May  3,  1864;  made  a  study  of  the  manufacture  of  artificial 
limbs,  and  went  into  that  business.  Comrade  Wells  is  an  active  member 
of  the  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Maine,  and  was  an  alternate  delegate  to 
the  2oth  national  encampment;  resides  at  Oakland,  Me. 


JACOB   KUHNLE. 

Was  born  May  16,  1838,  in  Wittenberg,  Germany;  is  a  farmer  by 
occupation.  Enlisted  in  the  ist  Michigan  Cavalry,  August  16,  1861,  and 
served  as  a  private;  was  attached  to  General  Sheridan's  cavalry;  the  regi 
ment  was  sent  across  the  plains,  and  mustered  out  in  1866.  Comrade 
Kuhnle  is  a  member  of  Antietam  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Petaluma,  Cal., 
where  he  resides. 

R.   S.  JOHNSON. 

Was  born  in  England,  April  n,  1835;  is  a  merchant  and  livery-stable 
keeper.  Enlisted,  and  was  commissioned  captain  in  Company  K,  ist 
California  Cavalry,  February  18,  1863;  was  engaged  entirely  in  Indian 
warfare;  was  honorably  discharged,  February  28,  1865;  is  a  city  council 
man  of  Stockton,  Cal.  Comrade  Johnson  is  a  member  of  Rawlins  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Stockton;  has  been  department  inspector,  senior  vice-com 
mander,  and  is  now  commander  of  the  post;  attended  the  aoth  national 
encampment. 

WILLIAM   E.  CARMAN. 

Was  born  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  May  n,  1841;  is  in  the  saddlery  busi 
ness.  Enlisted,  March  4,  1862,  as  a  private,  in  Company  H,  4th  Kansas 
Infantry;  was  promoted  to  corporal,  and  to  sergeant;  was  mustered  out, 
August  25,  1864.  Comrade  Carman  is  a  member  of  Monitor  Post,  of 
Willows,  Colusa  County,  Cal.,  and  has  been  adjutant  of  the  post;  resi 
dence  at  Petaluma,  Cal.  -  / 

JOSEPH   I.  SAYLES. 

Was  born  in  Plymouth,  N.  Y.,  October  7,  1844;  was  a  farmer  in  his 
youth;  graduated  at  the  Albany  Law  School  in  1866,  and  is  at  present 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Rome,  N.  Y.  Enlisted  in  Company  H, 
1 7th  New  York  Regiment,  April  29,  1861;  was  with  it  when  it  took  pos 
session  of  Alexandria,  Va.,  May  23,  1861;  took  part  in  the  siege  of  York- 
town,  and  in  the  Peninsula  campaign  under  McClellan;  was  honorably 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  539 

discharged  in  June,  1862.  Has  been  an  alderman  of  the  city  and  justice 
of  the  peace.  Comrade  Sayles  was  a  charter  member  of  Skillin  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Rome,  N.  Y.,  and  served  as  its  commander  nine  years,  also 
as  judge-advocate  of  the  department  and  department  commander. 

GEORGE  F.  STILLWELL. 

Was  born  in  Clark  County,  Ohio,  November  28,  1842;  is  an  engi 
neer.  Enlisted,  in  the  i3th  Iowa  Infantry,  in  August,  1862,  as  a  private; 
and  reenlisted,  in  the  33d  Iowa  Infantry;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade, 
3d  Division,  i3th  Army  Corps;  was  mustered  out,  August,  1865.  Com 
rade  Stillwell  is  a  member  of  Antietam  Post,  of  Petaluma,  Cal.,  where  he 
resides. 

R.    J.    FALLS. 

Was  born  August  19,  1819,  at  Little  Falls,  Herkimer  County,  N.  Y.; 
received  a  common  school  education.  August  6,  1838,  enlisted  in  Com 
pany  F,  8th  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  participated  in  the  Seminole  War,  during 
which  he  was  wounded;  promoted  to  corporal;  afterwards  to  sergeant; 
re-enlisted  in  1844,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  as  orderly-sergeant  of  Com 
pany  C,  ist  U.  S.  Dragoons;  accompanied  General  Stephen  W.  Kearny 
on  his  overland  expedition  across  the  plains,  at  the  breaking  out  of  the 
Mexican  War;  was  in  the  battle  of  San  Paschal,  December  6,  1846,  and 
was  recommended  by  his  commanding  officers  for  promotion  to  a  lieuten 
ancy  on  account  of  his  conduct  in  that  action;  in  1849  became  a  miner 
in  California;  then  settled  down  on  a  ranch  in  Napa  County;  in  1861,  at 
the  outbreak  of  the  war,  aided  in  the  formation  of  the  2d  California  Cav 
alry;  commissioned  captain  of  Company  F,  and  assigned  to  duty  at  Salt 
Lake;  resigned  his  commission  and  proceeded  to  Washington,  D.  C.,  where 
he  was  at  once  appointed  major  of  the  ist  Pennsylvania  Cavalry;  took 
part  in  the  battles  of  Falmouth,  Gray's  Station,  Strasburg,  Woodstock, 
Edinburg,  Mount  Jackson,  New  Market,  Rapidan  River,  Cedar  Mountain, 
Rappahannock,  Centreville,  Fairfax,  Middlebury,  Aldie,  Salome,  War- 
renton,  and  Fredericksburg;  led  a  charge  at  Cedar  Mountain,  in  which  he 
lost  192  men  out  of  264;  in  1863  was  in  the  engagements  at  Port  Conway, 
Hazel  and  Muddy  rivers,  and  along  the  Rappahannock,  Sulphur  Springs, 
Warrenton,  Culpeper  Ford,  Ashby's  Gap,  Salem,  Gravel  Hill,  Reams' 
Station,  and  others;  and  in  1864  at  Trevallian  Station,  White  House,  St. 
Mary's  Church,  Malvern  Hill,  Lee's  Mill,  and  Gravel  Hill;  at  Fredericks- 
burg  was  detailed  as  acting  assistant  inspector-general  of  the  ad  Brigade, 
3d  Division,  Cavalry  Corps;  was  afterwards  assigned  to  the  same  duty  on 


540  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

the  staff  of  General  Franklin;  was  sent  to  Philadelphia  to  take  charge  of 
the  depot  of  substitutes  and  dratted  men;  returned  to  his  command,  and 
assumed  control  of  his  battalion;  in  1864,  at  Gravel  Hill,  was  severely 
wounded  by  a  piece  of  shell;  was  honorably  discharged  towards  the  end 
of  the  war;  returning  to  California,  was  for  several  years  employed  in  the 
civil  service  of  the  Government  at  Mare  Island  and  in  the  customs;  in 
1875  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  police  force  of  San  Francisco,  as 
sergeant.  Comrade  Falls  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San 
Francisco,  his  place  of  residence;  is  also  marshal  of  the  Associated  Vet 
erans  of  the  Mexican  War. 

DEWITT   C.  CUDDEBECK. 

Was  born  in  Hancock  County,  Ills.;  is  a  farmer.  Enlisted,  in  the 
I2th  Illinois  Cavalry,  January  i,  1862;  was  a  private,  and  promoted  to 
sergeant;  was  attached  to  General  Buford's  corps;  was  honorably  dis 
charged,  in  July,  1865.  Comrade  Cuddebeck  is  a  member  of  Corinth 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Marysville,  Cal.,  where  he  resides. 

JOHN   S.  HUMER. 

Was  born  in  Carlisle,  Pa.,  October  29,  1841.  Enlisted,  April  21, 
1861;  was  a  corporal;  attached  to  the  2d  Brigade,  5th  Army  Corps;  was 
honorably  discharged,  June  16,  1864.  Comrade  Humer  is  a  member  of 
Captain  Colwell  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Carlisle,  Pa.,  his  place  of  residence. 


CHARLES   H.  HOUGHTON. 

Was  born  in  St.  Lawrence  County,  N.  Y.,  April  30,  1842;  was  edu 
cated  in  district  and  select  schools;  has  been  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits,  and  in  the  civil  service  of  the  Government;  is  now  connected  with 
the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company.  At  the  outbreak  of  the  war  enlisted 
as  a  private  in  Company  B,  6oth  New  York  Volunteers,  of  which  he  was 
selected  ist  sergeant,  commanding  his  company  for  a  time  in  the  field; 
was  promoted  to  2d  lieutenant;  raised  a  company  for  the  i4th  New  York 
Artillery;  was  attached  to  the  Qth  Army  Corps,  and  took  part  in  the  battle 
of  the  Wilderness,  and  all  other  battles  of  the  campaigns  in  which  the 
corps  was  engaged;  was  in  both  sieges  of  Petersburg;  commanded  the  ist 
battalion,  and,  for  a  time,  his  whole  regiment;  was  in  front  of  Petersburg  at 
the  explosion  of  the  mine;  and  at  the  battle  of  Weldon  Railroad;  defended 
Fort  Haskell  against  the  assaults  of  Gordon's  troops,  and  in  the  heat  of 
the  conflict  his  right  leg  was  shattered  by  a  shell;  at  the  same  moment  a 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  541 

case-shot  passed  through  his  colors  and  exploded,  fragments  of  which 
struck  him  on  the  left  temple  and  right  hand;  several  bullets  also  passed 
through  his  clothing;  was  assigned  to  staff  duty  as  acting  assistant  inspector- 
general;  was  brevetted  major,  U.  S.  Volunteers,  by  the  President;  made 
brevet  lieutenant-colonel  by  the  governor  of  his  State,  and  promoted  to 
colonel ;  was  detailed  as  a  member  of  general  court-martial  at  Washington ; 
was  mustered  out  September  n,  1865.  Comrade  Hough  ton  organized 
Reno  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  New  Jersey,  in  1867,  which  disband 
ing,  he  joined  Phil  Kearny  Post,  of  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  and  was  its 
commander;  in  May  organized  Charles  S.  Olden  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Metuck- 
see,  N.  J. ;  was  elected  its  first  commander,  and  is  still  connected  with  it; 
was  junior  vice-department  commander  and  department  commander; 
whilst  acting  in  the  latter  capacity  he  founded  the  Loyal  Ladies'  League, 
auxiliary  to  the  G.  A.  R.,  and  whose  membership  is  restricted  to  the 
mothers,  wives,  sisters,  and  daughters  of  soldiers  of  the  Union,  and  army 
nurses. 

DANIEL   CRONK. 

Was  born  in  Newark,  N.  J. ;  is  a  farmer.  Enlisted,  in  the  nth  Con 
necticut  Regiment,  in  December,  1861;  was  a  private  throughout  the 
wrar;  was  attached  to  the  gth  and  i8th  Army  Corps.  Comrade  Cronk 
is  a  member  of  Gushing  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Astoria,  Or. ,  where  he  resides. 


W.    S.    NEWMAN. 

Was  born  December  22,  1846;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and  engaged 
in  its  practice  at  Avon,  N.  Y.  Enlisted,  May  14,  1861,  in  Company  A, 
I3th  New  York  Infantry;  was  president  of  the  village  from  1876  to  1878; 
chairman  of  the  board  of  supervisors  of  Livingston  County,  N.  Y. ,  1879-80; 
and  president  of  the  New  York  State  Freeman's  Association.  Comrade 
Newman  is  a  member  of  H.  C.  Cutler  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Avon;  is  now 
serving  his  second  term  as  its  commander,  and  was  alternate  delegate  to 
the  twentieth  national  encampment. 

LEVI   R.   BIX  BY. 

Was  born  October  31,  1818,  in  Westfield,  Mass.;  a  carpenter  by 
trade.  Enlisted,  October  8,  1864,  in  Company  H  of  the  7th  California 
Infantry,  at  Coulterville ;  served  as  a  private;  served  in  Bear  Valley,  San 
Francisco,  Drum  Barracks,  lower  California,  Fort  Yuma,  on  the  Arizona 
line,  and  Fort  Goodwin;  was  honorably  discharged,  March  i,  1866. 


542  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

Came  to  California  in  1851,  and  followed  his  trade  for  a  time;  served  in  a 
coasting  vessel  for  three  years;  then  went  to  the  mines,  and  remained 
about  ten  years,  during  which  time  joined  an  independent  company  of 
home  guards.  Comrade  Bixby  is  a  member  of  Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Oakland,  Cal.,  where  he  resides;  is  outside  sentinel. 

JAMES   L.  WINANS. 

Was  born  in  Indiana,  June  19,  1839;  is  engaged  in  mercantile  busi 
ness.  Enlisted,  in  icoth  Indiana  Regiment,  August  22,  1862;  was  a  ser 
geant,  and  promoted,  May,  1865,  to  2d  lieutenant;  was  attached  to  the 
2d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  i5th  Army  Corps;  was  mustered  out,  June,  1865. 
Comrade  Winans  is  a  member  of  Antietam  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Petaluma, 
Cal.,  where  he  resides;  has  been  post  commander  and  assistant  inspector. 

BENJAMIN    HAYES. 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  November  15,  1828;  is  a  tailor.  Enlisted,  in 
the  9th  Massachusetts  Infantry,  April  17,  1861;  was  a  corporal;  attached 
to  the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  5th  Army  Corps;  was  honorably  dis 
charged,  June  17,  1864.  Comrade  Hayes  is  a  member  of  Custer  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Petaluma,  Cal.,  his  place  of  residence. 

ADIN    B.   UNDERWOOD. 

Was  born  in  Milford,  Mass.,  May  19,  1828;  graduated  at  Brown  Uni 
versity  in  1849,  and  took  a  course  of  study  in  Germany;  was  commissioned 
captain  in  the  2d  Massachusetts  Infantry;  was  afterward  promoted  to 
major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel  of  the  33d  Massachusetts  Infantry 
in  1862;  to  brigadier-general,  November  6,  1863;  was  brevetted  major- 
general  in  August,  1865;  was  wounded  October  29,  1863,  by  a  minie-ball 
in  the  right  thigh,  at  Lookout  Mountain;  resigned  September  i,  1865; 
has  been  surveyor  of  customs  at  Boston  since  1865,  where  he  resides. 
Comrade  Underwood  is  a  past  department  commander,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Massa 
chusetts. 

.  GARVIN   E.  CAUKIN. 

Was  born  in  Livingston  County,  N.  Y.,  July  16,  1827;  received  a 
common  school  education;  has  been  a  carpenter  and  cabinet-maker. 
Enlisted,  February  27,  1864,  as  a  private  in  Company  K,  ist  Minnesota 
Infantry;  was  promoted  to  corporal  in  September,  1864;  commissioned 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  543 

captain  of  company,  same  regiment,  and  honorably  discharged  June  15, 
1865.  Since  the  close  of  the  war  has  been  engaged  in  the  insurance 
business,  and  has  been  serving  as  district  agent  of  the  Travelers'  Insur 
ance  Company  of  Portland,  Or.  Comrade  Caukin  is  a  member  of  George 
Wright  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Portland,  Or.,  where  he  resides;  is  a  past 
department  commander. 

OLIVER   P.    CHARLES. 

Was  born  at  Unadilla  Forks,  N.  Y.,  December  22,  1843;  ^as  been  a 
carpenter  and  telegraph  operator;  is  at  present  a  lawyer  in  Utica,  N.  Y. 
Enlisted,  November  6,  1861,  in  Company  K,  97th  New  York  Infantry; 
was  honorably  discharged  in  1863;  re-enlisted,  1863,  in  the  same  regiment; 
was  wounded  in  the  foot  at  Fredericksburg;  promoted  to  be  sergeant;  taken 
prisoner  at  Cold  Harbor,  1864,  and  remained  at  Anderson ville  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  was  mustered  out  June  25,  1865.  Comrade  Charles  is  a 
member  of  W.  H.  Reynolds  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Utica,  N.  Y.,  and  has 
been  its  commander. 

JEROME  A.    ANDREWS. 

Was  born  in  East  Otto,  N.  Y.,  January  6,  1839;  has  been  a  farmer, 
and  is  at  present  a  merchant.  Enlisted,  May  14,  1861,  in  Company  I, 
37th  New  York  Infantry;  was  attached  to  Birney's  brigade,  Kearny's 
division;  took  part  in  all  the  actions  in  which  that  division  was  engaged; 
at  Chancellorsville  was  wounded  by  a  fragment  of  shell;  was  honorably 
discharged  on  account  of  disability,  June  22,  1863;  re-enlisted,  and  served 
until  mustered  out,  May,  1865;  has  been  postmaster  of  Cattaraugus,  N.  Y. 
Comrade  Andrews  is  a  member  of  E.  A.  Andrews  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Cattaraugus,  where  he  resides,  and  has  been  its  commander  three  years, 
and  quartermaster  one  year;  was  a  delegate  to  the  twentieth  national 
encampment. 

DANIEL   E.  SICKLES. 

Was  born  in  New  York  city,  October  20,  1822;  was  a  student  at  the 
University  of  New  York;  admitted  to  the  practice  of  law  in  1844;  has 
served  in  the  two  houses  of  the  New  York  Legislature  several  terms;  was 
secretary  of  legation  during  Mr.  Buchanan's  term  as  Minister  to  England, 
1853;  elected  to  Congress,  1856;  reelected,  1858  and  1860.  At  the  out 
break  of  the  war,  raised  the  Excelsior  Regiment  in  New  York,  of  which 
he  was  commissioned  colonel;  promoted  to  be  brigadier-general,  command 
ing  a  brigade  in  the  3d  Corps  during  the  Chickahominy  campaign ;  succeeded 


544  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

General  Hooker  to  the  command  of  the  division,  which  he  led  at  Antie- 
tam  and  Fredericksburg ;  was  commissioned  major-general  volunteers, 
November  29,  1862;  commanded  the  3d  Corps  at  Chancellorsville,  and  at 
Gettysburg,  where  he  received  a  wound  which  caused  him  the  loss  of  a 
leg;  appointed  colonel,  42d  Infantry,  in  the  Regular  Army,  July  28, 1866; 
took  command  of  the  2d  Military  District,  including  the  States  of  North 
Carolina  and  South  Carolina,  where  he  remained  until  1867;  was  retired 
with  the  rank  of  major-general,  April  14,  1869;  appointed  Minister  to 
Spain,  and  resigned  in  1874.  Comrade  Sickles  is  a  member  of  the 
G.  A.  R. ,  having  joined  at  its  early  organization;  has  been  department 
commander,  department  of  New  York ;  is  also  a  member  of  the  Loyal 
Legion. 

E.    B.    CASEY. 

Was  born  October  15,  1837,  in  East  Tennessee ;  is  a  farmer  by  occupa 
tion.  Enlisted,  as  a  private,  in  Company  D,  7ist  Indiana  Regiment,  June 
1 6,  1863;  was  attached  to  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  to  Stone- 
man's  cavalry  division;  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Buzzard's  Roost,  Resaca, 
Cartersville,  Kenesaw,  Macon,  and  Sunshine  Church;  was  taken  prisoner 
near  Macon,  Ga.,  August,  1864,  and  confined  at  Andersonville,  then  at 
Charleston,  and  at  Florence;  was  paroled  February,  1865,  and  honorably 
discharged  June  12,  1865;  emigrated  to  Arkansas,  where  he  resumed  farm 
ing,  and  is  judge  of  the  county  court  of  Logan  County.  Comrade  Casey 
is  a  member  of  George  G.  Meade  Post,  of  Booneville,  Ark.,  where  he 
resides,  and  has  served  as  adjutant  of  the  post  and  aid-de-camp. 


HENRY  W.    SLOCUM. 

Was  born  at  Delhi,  N.  Y.,  September  24,  1827;  graduated  from  West 
Point  in  1852;  was  assigned  to  duty  as  lieutenant  in  the  ist  Artillery,  and 
was  stationed  at  Charleston  and  in  Florida;  during  his  leisure  moments 
studied  law,  and  resigning  from  the  army  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  wrhen 
war  was  declared  in  1861,  organized  the  27th  New  York  Infantry,  which 
he  commanded  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  where  he  was  severely  wounded ; 
was  promoted  to  brigadier-general,  and  given  the  command  of  a  brigade 
in  Franklin's  division^,  commanded  the  ist  Division  of  the  6th  Corps  in 
the  Peninsula  campaign;  was  promoted  to  major-general;  took  part  in 
Pope's  campaign;  followed  Lee  into  Maryland;  carried  Crampton's  Gap 
by  assault,  and  captured  a  number  of  prisoners;  succeeded  to  the  com 
mand  of  the  1 2th  Corps;  took  part  in  the  operations  on  the  Rapidan,  and 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  545 

in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg;  1863,  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
Department  of  the  Mississippi;  subsequently  was  transferred  to  the  com 
mand  of  the  2oth  corps  in  Sherman's  army,  and  five  days  after  assuming 
that  command  received  the  surrender  of  Atlanta;  in  Sherman's  march  to 
the  sea  he  divided  his  force  into  two  armies — the  Army  of  Tennessee,  in 
command  of  General  Howard,  and  the  Army  of  Georgia,  under  General 
Slocum.  Comrade  Slocum  is  a  member  of  Rankin  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  where  he  resides;  has  several  times  attended  the  national 
encampments. 

ULYSSES   SIMPSON   GRANT. 

Was  born  in  the  village  of  Point  Pleasant,  Clermont  County,  Ohio, 
April  27,  1822;  he  was  originally  named  Hiram  Ulysses,  but  through  a 
mistake  of  the  member  of  Congress  from  his  district,  who  conferred  upon 
him  the  appointment,  his  cadet's  warrant  was  made  out  for  Ulysses  S. 
Grant,  and  after  a  futile  attempt  to  have  it  corrected  at  West  Point,  where 
he  was  informed  by  the  authorities  that  they  could  not  alter  the  warrant 
issued  by  the  War  Department,  he  quietly  adopted  the  name  by  which  he 
was  ever  afterwards  known.  Entering  the  United  States  military  academy 
in  1839,  he  was  graduated  in  1843,  ^n  a  class  which  furnished  several 
generals  to  both  the  Union  and  Confederate  armies;  was  appointed  brevet 
2d  lieutenant,  4th  U.  S.  Infantry,  July  i,  1843,  which  regiment  was  then 
stationed  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  near  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  promoted  to  2d 
lieutenant,  yth  Infantry,  September  30,  1845,  but  preferring  to  remain 
with  the  4th,  effected  a  transfer  to  it;  was  with  his  regiment  when  it  formed 
a  portion  of  the  army  of  occupation  under  General  Zachary  Taylor  at 
Corpus  Christi,  Tex.,  in  the  fall  and  winter  of  1845-46;  participated  in 
the  battles  of  Palo  Alto  and  Resaca  de  la  Palma — the  earliest  battles  of 
the  Mexican  War;  was  also  present  at  the  assault  and  capture  of  Monterey, 
in  which  he  was  specially  mentioned  by  his  commanding  officer  for  con 
spicuous  gallantry.  The  4th  Infantry,  with  other  regiments  of  the  Regular 
Army,  was  transferred  to  the  army  under  General  Scott,  formed  for  opera 
tions  against  the  city  of  Mexico  from  the  Vera  Cruz  line;  Lieutenant  Grant 
was  at  this  period  appointed  regimental  quartermaster;  was  at  the  siege  of 
Vera  Cruz,  the  battles  of  Cerro  Gordo,  and  those  in  the  valley  of  the  city 
of  Mexico;  brevetted  ist  lieutenant  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  con 
duct  at  Molino  del  Rey,"  and  captain  for  "gallant  conduct  at  the  storm 
ing  of  Chapultepec."  In  all  of  the  actions  under  General  Scott  he 
commanded  detachments  of  his  regiment,  declining  to  avail  himself  of  his 
privilege,  as  a  staff  officer,  to  remain  in  charge  of  his  trains.  After  the 

2K 


546 

war  was  stationed  at  Detroit,  Mich.,  and  Sackett's  Harbor,  X.  Y.,  until 
1852,  when  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  the  Pacific  Coast;  was  on  duty  as 
regimental  quartermaster  at  Fort  Vancouver,  Washington  Ty. ,  until  Decem 
ber  i,  1853,  when,  having  received  notice  of  his  promotion  to  captain,  4th 
Infantry,  which  was  dated  August  5,  1853,  he  proceeded  to  Fort  Hmn- 
boldt,  Cal. ,  where  the  company  to  which  he  had  been  promoted  was  sta 
tioned.  Resigned,  July  31,  1854.  Was  for  a  time  engaged  in  farming 
near  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  then  in  various  occupations  in  that  city,  and  after 
wards  in  the  tannery  business  with  his  father  at  Galena,  Ills. ;  wras  so 
employed  when  the  Civil  War  broke  out;  offering  first  his  services  to  the 
War  Department,  to  which  he  received  no  response,  he  turned  his  military 
education  to  the  advantage  of  the  Government  by  recruiting  and  drilling 
the  first  company  raised  in  Galena,  and  went  with  it  to  the  State  capital; 
was  appointed  by  Governor  Yates  adjutant-general  of  the  State,  and 
served  in  that  position  for  a  short  period;  commissioned  colonel,  2ist  Illinois 
Volunteer  Infantry,  June  17,  1861,  a  three  months'  regiment,  which  after 
wards  re-enlisted  for  three  years;  marched  the  regiment  to  Quincy,  Ills., 
and  from  thence  proceeded  to  Northern  Missouri,  to  protect  railroad  lines, 
where  he  commanded  a  brigade;  August  9,  1861,  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Lincoln  brigadier-general  of  volunteers — the  commission,  however, 
being  dated  from  May  17,  1861 — and  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
military  district  of  southeastern  Missouri,  with  headquarters  at  Cairo,  Ills. ; 
was  in  command  at  the  battles  of  Belmont,  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  the 
engagements  at  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Chattanooga,  Lookout  Mountain, 
Missionary  Ridge,  and  a  number  of  the  other  important  engagements 
occurring  during  his  period  of  service  with  the  Western  armies;  commis 
sioned  major-general  of  volunteers,  to  date  from  the  capture  of  Fort  Don 
elson,  February  16,  1862;  appointed  major-general,  United  States  Army, 
to  date  from  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg,  July  4,  1863;  became  lieutenant- 
general,  March  2,  1864,  which  office  had  never  been  filled  in  the  United 
States  Army  except  by  Washington,  and  with  brevet  appointment  only  by 
Winfield  Scott,  and  was  revived  by  special  act  of  Congress  as  a  recogni 
tion  of  the  brilliant  services  of  Major-General  Grant.  Ordered  to  Wash 
ington  city,  on  the  reception  of  his  new  commission,  which  placed  him  in 
command  of  all  the  armies  in  the  field,  he  took  immediate  charge  of  mili 
tary  operations  in  Virginia.  Accompanying  in  person  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  he  commanded  in  the  battles  with  the  Confederate  forces  under 
General  Robert  E.  Lee  at  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania  Court-house,  Cold 
Harbor,  the  siege  of  Petersburg,  and  the  principal  engagements  in  the 
vicinity  of  Richmond,  and  finally  received  the  surrender  of  Lee  at  Appo- 
mattox  Court-house,  April  9,  1865,  which  virtually  closed  the  war. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  :>47 

General  Grant  had  his  horse  shot  under  him  at  Belmont,  and  after 
the  capture  of  Vicksbnrg,  on  a  visit  to  New  Orleans,  was  disabled  for  two 
months,  owing  to  a  fall  from  a  fractious  horse,  but  with  these  exceptions, 
though  constantly  exposed,  he  escaped  the  casualties  of  war.  Received 
the  thanks  of  Congress,  and  by  a  resolution,  approved  December  17,  1863," 
a  gold  medal  was  presented  to  him.  Congress,  in  further  acknowledg 
ment  of  his  services,  created  the  higher  grade  of  general,  to  which  he  was 
appointed  July  25,  1869.  During  a  portion  of  President  Johnson's  admin 
istration  acted  as  Secretary  of  War.  Served  two  terms  as  President  of  the 
United  States,  1869-1877.  Made  a  tour  of  the  world  after  the  expiration 
of  his  last  term  of  office,  and  was  received  with  distinguished  considera 
tion  by  foreign  powers. 

Comrade  Grant  was  a  member  of  George  G.  Meade  Post,  No.  i,  G.  A.  R. , 
at  Philadelphia,  Pa. ,  and  also  of  the  Loyal  Legion.  Was  reinstated  by 
act  of  Congress  in  the  position  of  general,  and  placed  on  the  retired  list 
a  few  weeks  before  his  death,  which  occurred  at  Mount  McGregor,  N.  Y., 
July  23,  1885. 

F.   H.   LORING. 

WTas  born  at  Bellaire,  Ohio,  July  9,  1832;  has  been  a  farmer  and  mer 
chant.  Enlisted  July  26,  1862;  commissioned  captain,  Company  G,  92d 
Ohio  Infantry,  and  subsequently  commanded  a  battalion  in  the  nth  Ohio 
Infantry;  was  with  Sherman  in  his  campaign  through  Georgia  and  the 
Carolinas,  and  then  through  Virginia  to  Washington;  was  mustered  out 
as  captain  and  brevet-major,  June  25,  1865;  has  held  school  and  muni 
cipal  offices,  and  is  serving  as  secretary  of  the  Iowa  Mason's  Benevolent 
Society  at  Oskaloosa,  la.,  where  he  resides.  Comrade  Loring  is  a  mem 
ber  of  Phil  Kearny  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Iowa;  was  its  first 
commander,  and  at  the  twentieth  national  encampment  was  an  alternate 
delegate. 

JOHN  W.   BURST. 

Was  born  at  Meredith,  N.  Y.,  July  29,  1843;  received  an  academic 
education;  has  been  a  farmer,  clerk, and  merchant.  Enlisted,  in  Company 
D,  1 5th  Illinois  Infantry,  May  16,  1861;  re-enlisted  in  Company  C,  iO5th 
Illinois  Infantry;  was  successively  promoted  to  sergeant,  ist  lieutenant, 
2d  lieutenant,  and  captain;  at  the  battle  of  New  Slope  Church,  Ga.,  was 
so  badly  wounded  that  he  lost  his  right  leg,  and  December  i5th  follow 
ing  was  discharged  by  special  order;  since  the  war  has  been  in  the  U.  S. 
mail  service,  postmaster,  and  is  now  registrar  in  the  State  grain  depart 
ment  at  Chicago;  was  a  member  of  Ransom  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Chicago, 


548  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE 

but  later,  organized  Potter  Post,  of  Syracuse,  Ills.,  of  which  he  was 
commander  five  years ;  has  been  a  member  of  the  department  council 
of  administration,  senior  vice-commander,  department  commander,  and 
inspector-general ;  by  the  unanimous  vote  of  the  Illinois  delegation  his 
name  was  presented  in  the  eighteenth  and  nineteeth  national  encamp 
ments,  as  their  choice  for  Commander-in-Chief;  at  the  twentieth  national 
encampment  was  a  candidate  for  the  same  office,  and  received  a  strong 
support  from  all  sections. 

SAMUEL  ARTHUR  BRYANT. 

Was  born  in  Wisconsin  in  1848;  a  painter  by  trade.  Enlisted,  in 
1865,  in  Company  E,  8th  California  Infantry;  was  honorably  discharged, 
October  24th,  the  same  year,  at  Fort  Point,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Comrade 
Bryant  is  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.r 
and  a  resident  of  Oakland,  Cal. 

CHARLES   A.    ORR. 

Was  born  in  Holland,  Erie  County,  N.  Y.,  June  28,  1848.  Enlisted, 
September  29,  1864,  in  Company  G,  iSyth  New  York  Infantry;  was  honor 
ably  discharged  July  i,  1865,  and  entered  the  flour  and  lumber  business; 
has  been  supervisor  of  his  county,  member  of  the  State  Legislature, 
sergeant-at-arms  of  the  house  of  representatives,  New  York;  deputy  and 
county  clerk.  Comrade  Orr  is  a  member  of  Chapin  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of 
Buffalo,  his  place  of  residence;  and  has  been  its  senior  vice- commander 
and  post  commander. 

NATHANIEL   R.    CARSON. 

Was  born  March  14,  1835,  in  Cecil  County,  Md.;  is  a  druggist.  When 
the  war  broke  out  was  living  in  Cleveland,  Bradley  County,  E.  Tenn. ;  was 
forced  to  leave  there  in  August,  1861,  owing  to  having  expressed  Union 
sentiments;  went  to  Washington  and  tendered  his  services  to  the  surgeon- 
general;  but  as  they  were  not  promptly  accepted,  enlisted,  August,  1862, 
in  the  i52d  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  afterwards  known  as  the  3d  Penn 
sylvania  Heavy  Artillery;  served  as  quartermaster-sergeant;  was  discharged 
October  23d  following,  "by  special  order,  and  mustered  into  the  Regular 
Army  the  same  date,  as  hospital  steward,  and  ordered  to  duty  at  Alexan 
dria,  Va. ;  in  February,  1864,  was  transferred  to  Chattanooga,  Tenn., 
where  he  was  attached  to  the  general  field-hospital;  in  the  September  fol 
lowing  was  ordered  to  report  to  General  Thomas  for  duty  in  the  general 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  549 

hospital  at  Lookout  Mountain,  where  he  remained  until  January,  1865; 
after  which  date  was  on  duty  with  the  medical  director  at  headquarters, 
Chattanooga;  was  honorably  discharged  at  Lookout  Mountain  July  24, 
1865.  Comrade  Carson  joined  John  A.  Dix  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Jose, 
CaL,  in  1884;  has  been  and  still  is  quartermaster  of  his  post;  is  a  resident 
of  San  Jose,  Cal. 

SELDEN   CONNOR. 

Was  born  in  Fairfield,  Me.,  January  25,  1839;  graduated  at  Tuft's 
College  in  1859;  *s  a  lawyer  by  profession.  Enlisted,  April  23,  1861,  in 
the  ist  Vermont  Infantry,  in  which  he  served  as  corporal;  was  afterwards 
commissioned  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  yth  Maine  Infantry,  and  later  as 
colonel  of  the  igth  Maine  Infantry,  and  was  promoted  to  brigadier-general; 
was  wounded,  May  6,  1864,  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  his  thigh  being 
broken  by  a  musket-ball;  since  the  war  has  been  assessor  and  collector 
of  internal  revenue;  was  governor  of  Maine  in  1876-77-78,  and  is  now 
a  pension  agent.  Comrade  Connor  is  a  member  of  Seth  Williams  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Augusta,  Me.,  where  he  resides;  has  served  as  post  com 
mander  and  department  commander,  and  is  a  past  Senior  Vice-Com 
mander-in-chief  of  the  G.  A.  R. 


OLIVER  O.  HOWARD. 

Was  born  November,  1830,'  in  the  State  of  Maine;  graduated  from 
Bowdoin  College  in  1850,  and  from  West  Point  Military  Academy  in  1854; 
was  promoted  in  the  army  to  brevet  2d  lieutenant  of  ordnance,  July  i,  1854; 
served  as  assistant  at  Watervliet  Arsenal,  N.  Y.,  1854-55;  promoted  to 
lieutenant  in  1855;  was  in  command  of  Kennebec  Arsenal  in  Maine, 
chief  of  ordnance  on  General  Harney's  staff  during  the  Seminole  War  in 
1856-57;  promoted  to  ist  lieutenant  of  ordnance,  1856,  serving  as  assistant 
professor  of  mathematics  at  West  Point,  September,  1857,  to  1861 ;  resigned, 
1861,  and  was  commissioned  colonel  of  the  3d  Maine  Volunteers,  May  28, 

1861,  and  assigned  to  the  defenses  around  Washington;  took  part  in  the 
battle  of  Bull  Run,  commanding  the  3d  Brigade,  Heintzleman's  division; 
commissioned  brigadier-general,  September  3,  1861,  assigned  to  the  com 
mand  of  ist  brigade,  Stunner's  division,  and  was  engaged  in  the  various 
operations  on  the  Peninsula  during  the  campaign  of  1862;  at  Fair  Oaks,  Va., 
was  twice  severely  wounded,  losing  his  right  arm ;  being  disabled  by  wounds, 
was  engaged,  while  on  sick-leave,  in  raising  volunteers  in  Maine;  August, 

1862,  commanded    the    California    Brigade,   Sedgwick's    division,   was 
engaged  in  numerous  skirmishes,  and   covered  the  retreat  of  the  Army  of 


550  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS   OF   THE 

the  Potomac  to  Washington;  with  the  same  brigade  participated  in  the 
Maryland  campaign,  September,  1862;  at  the  battle  of  Antietam  succeeded 
Sedgwick,  who  was  wounded,  to  the  command  of  the  2d  Division,  ad  Corps; 
appointed  major-general,  U.  S.  Volunteers,  November^,  1862;  wasengaged 
in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  and  throughout  the  Rappahannock  cam 
paign,  1862-63;  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  nth  Corps,  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  taking  part  in  the  battles  of  Chancellorsville,  May  2,  1863, 
Gettysburg,  for  which  he  received  the  thanks  of  Congress,  and  in  the 
pursuit  of  the  enemy  to  Warrenton,  Va. ;  was  transferred  with  his  corps 
to  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  September,  1863;  engaged  in  the  move 
ments  about  Chattanooga,  the  battles  of  Lookout  Valley,  and  Missionary 
Ridge,  and  in  the  relief  of  Knoxville;  occupied  Chattanooga  and  Lookout 
Valley  from  December,  1863,  to  April,  1864;  transferred  to  command  4th 
corps;  assisted  in  the  invasion  of  Georgia,  taking  part  in  the  actions  at 
Tunnel  Hill,  Rocky  Face  Ridge,  Buzzard's  Roost,  Dal  ton,  Resaca,  Adairs- 
ville,  Carsville,  Dallas,  Pickett's  Mill,  where  he  was  wounded,  Pine  and 
Kenesaw  mountains,  Smyrna  Camp  Ground,  Peach  Tree  Creek,  and  the 
siege  of  Atlanta;  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Army  and  Department 
of  Tennessee,  July  27,  1864,  fought  the  battle  of  Ezra  Church,  partici 
pated  in  the  battle  of  Jonesboro,  which  resulted  in  the  surrender  and 
occupation  of  Atlanta,  was  in  the  pursuit  of  Hood's  army  into  Alabama, 
with  frequent  engagements ;  commanded  the  right  wing  of  General 
Sherman's  army  from  Atlanta  to  Savannah,  taking  part  in  numerous 
engagements,  including  the  action  of  Griswoldsville  and  the  surrender  of 
Savannah,  with  his  army  was  engaged  in  the  invasion  of  the  Carolinas, 
was  in  the  actions  of  Pocotaligo,  River's  Bridge,  Orangeburg,  Congaree 
Creek,  Cheraw,  and  Fayetteville;  was  commissioned  brigadier-general, 
U.  S.  Army,  December  21, 1864,  and  major-general,  U.  S.  Army,  March  13, 
1865;  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Bentonville,  the  occupation  of  Goldsboro, 
and  a  number  of  skirmishes  during  the  campaign  which  closed  with  the 
surrender  of  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston's  army;  was  appointed  commis 
sioner  of  the  bureau  of  refugees,  freedmen,  and  abandoned  lands,  after 
ward  special  Indian  commissioner  to  hostile  Apaches;  assigned  to  the 
Department  of  the  Columbia,  September,  1874;  conducted  the  campaign 
against  certain  Nez  Perces,  being  engaged  in-many  skirmishes  and  actions, 
pursuing  them  for  more  than  1,300  miles,  until  captured  October  5,  1877; 
made  a  campaign  against  armed  Bannocks  and  Piutes,  September,  1878, 
continually  fighting  and  skirmishing  until  they  were  finally  captured;  was 
assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Department  of  West  Point,  and  superin 
tendent  of  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy,  and  entered  upon  his  duties, 
January  21,  1881;  to  the  command  of  the  Department  of  the  Platte,  July 


GRAND  ARMY   OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  551 

14,  1882;  commissioned  major-general  in  the  U.  S.  Army,  and  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  Division  of  the  Pacific.  General  Howard  received 
the  degree  of  LL.  D.,  from  Waterville  College,  Me.,  Shurtleff  College, 
Ills.,  and  Gettysburg  Theological  Seminary,  and  was  tendered  the  rank 
of  chevalier  of  the  Legion  of  Honor  of  France;  was  for  a  long  time  a 
member  of  Citster  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  Omaha,  Neb.,  and  is  at  present 
a  member  of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he 
resides. 

W.    H.    DIMOND. 

Was  born  in  the  Sandwich  Islands  in  1840;  attended  Oahu  College, 
and  after  leaving  it  entered  mercantile  life;  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war 
enlisted  in  the  ist  Hawaiian  Cavalry,  organized  to  aid  in  the  suppression 
of  the  Rebellion;  was  promoted  to  2d  lieutenant,  but  the  United  States 
Government  declined  the  offer  of  the  company  for  public  reasons;  sailed 
to  the  United  States  and  tendered  his  services  to  the  President;  was  com 
missioned  captain  and  assistant  adjutant-general  of  volunteers;  assigned 
to  duty  in  roth  Army  Corps,  Department  of  the  South;  at  the  close  of 
the  war  was  offered  a  commission  in  the  Regular  Army,  which  he  declined ; 
returned  to  the  Sandwich  Islands;  whence  he  arrived  in  San  Francisco  in 
1870,  and  became  connected  with  one  of  the  leading  business  firms  on  the 
Pacific  Coast;  1873,  established  himself  in  business  on  his  own  account; 
was  appointed,  1879,  lieutenant-colonel  and  aid  on  the  governor's  staff; 
commissioned  general  of  the  ad  Brigade,  N.  G.  C.,  and  subsequently 
reappointed  at  the  request  of  every  commissioned  officer  of  the  brigade; 
1886,  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Park  Commissioners;  was 
elected  commander  of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  department 
of  California,  at  the  last  election.  Comrade  Dimond  is  a  member  of 
George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San  Francisco;  at  the  twentieth 
national  encampment  acted  as  chairman  of  the  finance  committee. 


HERBERT   E.    HILL. 

Was  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  December  18,  1845;  was  educated  in  the 
common  and  high  schools,  and  attended  an  academy  in  Vermont.  Enlisted 
in  Company  I,  8th  Vermont .  Infantry,  as  a  private,  and  served  as  a  non 
commissioned  officer;  took  part  in  all  of  the  actions  during  General  Sheri 
dan's  campaign  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley;  was  commissioned  captain  in 
a  Massachusetts  regiment,  and  later  was  appointed  assistant  adjutant- 
general  of  Massachusetts  State  troops,  with  the  rank  of  colonel ;  after  the 
war  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits  in  Boston,  where  he  resides;  visited 


552 

the  battle-fields  of  the  Opequon  and  Cedar  Creek,  Va.,  and  caused  to  be 
erected  a  monument  to  the  memory  of  the  soldiers  of  the  8th  Vermont 
Regiment  who  fell  in  those  engagements;  for  this  generous  act,  done  at  his 
personal  expense,  he  received  an  unanimous  vote  of  thanks  from  the 
Legislature  of  Vermont.  Comrade  Hill  is  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R., 
department  of  Massachusetts;  has  been  post  commander,  vice-department 
commander,  member  of  the  council  of  administration,  and  Junior  Vice- 
Commander-in-Chief. 

ELISHA    BROOKS. 

Was  born  in  the  State  of  Michigan,  January  i,  1841;  has  been  a 
farmer  and  miner;  is  at  present  engaged  in  teaching.  Enlisted,  Novem 
ber  15,  1864,  in  the  8th  California  Infantry;  was  commissioned  2d  lieu 
tenant  February  6,  1865;  was  attached  to  the  department  of  California, 
and  was  mostly  engaged  in  garrison  duty;  was  mustered  out  October  16, 
1865.  Comrade  Brooks  was  a  member  of  Lincoln  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  San 
Francisco,  of  which  he  has  been  junior  vice-commander;  is  now  a  member 
of  George  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A..  R. ,  of  San  Francisco,  where  he  resides. 


DAVID  B.  ALVERSON. 

Was  born  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  November  29,  1835;  has  been  a  carriage- 
maker;  is  at  present  a  farmer.  Enlisted,  in  Company  D,  4th  Wisconsin 
Infantry,  April,  1861;  served  as  a  musician;  took  part  in  Butler's  expe 
dition  to  Ship  Island,  and  in  taking  of  Fort  St.  Philip,  capture  of  New 
Orleans,  first  attacks  on  Vicksburg  and  Baton  Rouge;  was  wounded 
slightly  in  thigh  by  musket-ball;  was  discharged  when  regimental  band 
was  mustered  out  in  1862;  re-enlisted  in  1864  in  Milwaukee,  in  ist 
Brigade  band,  yth  Army  Corps,  serving  until  close  of  war;  was  honorably 
discharged  from  service,  July  6,  1865;  is  a  member  of  Oshkosh  Post,  No. 
10,  G.  A.  R.,  at  Oshkosh,  Wis. ;  resides  in  Lugonia,  San  Bernardino  County, 
Cal. 

GEORGE  W.    KING. 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  February  23,  1841;  received  a  com 
mon  school  education;  has  been  a  farmer,  and  window-glass  box-maker. 
Enlisted,  April,  1861,  in  Company  F,  4th  New  Jersey  Infantry;  re-enlisted 
August  6,  in  Company  I,  6th  New  Jersey,  serving  as  a  corporal;  was 
wounded  and  permanently  disabled  by  a  minie-ball  in  the  right  wrist  at 
Williamsburg,  Va.;  was  honorably  discharged  September  5,  1864;  is  at 
present  engaged  in  store-keeping  at  Wilmington,  Del.  Comrade  King 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  553 

was  a  member  of  Major  W.  F.  Smith  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Dover,  Del.,  and 
became  a  charter  member  of  General  Thos.  A.  Smith  Post,  of  Wilmington, 
Del. ;  has  been  quartermaster-sergeant,  quartermaster,  adjutant,  delegate 
to  the  national  encampment,  member  of  the  council  of  administration, 
senior  vice-department  commander,  and  is  at  present  assistant  adjutant- 
general,  department  of  Delaware. 

THOMAS   E.    BLIFFINS. 

Was  born  in  Fall  River,  Mass.,  in  1835;  has  been  engaged  in  farming 
and  milling.  Enlisted,  August,  1862,  in  the  38th  Massachusetts  Infantry; 
served  as  private,  corporal,  and  sergeant;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Brigade, 
2d  Division,  igth  Army  Corps;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Bislaiid,  Port 
Hudson,  and  Cane  River;  was  wounded  at  Cane  River;  gun-shot  wound; 
ball  passed  through  left  cheek-bone  and  tongue,  and  lodged  in  right  shoul 
der;  was  extracted  four  weeks  later,  but  recovery  was  slow,  continuing 
seven  years;  was  honorably  discharged  in  December,  1864,  on  account  of 
disability,  the  result  of  wounds  received  in  action.  Comrade  Bliffins  is  a 
member  of  Wm.  Logan  Rodman  Post,  G.  A.  R. ,  of  New  Bedford,  Mass. ; 
is  a  resident  of  North  Dartmouth,  Mass. 

GEORGE  W.   JOHNSON. 

Was  born  in  the  State  of  Illinois  in  1842;  has  been  a  school-teacher, 
and  is  now  a  lawyer.  Enlisted,  in  September,  1862,  in  the  8th  Missouri 
Volunteers  as  a  musician,  and  was  a  member  of  the  regimental  band; 
attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division,  i5th  Army  Corps;  was  in  the 
battles  of  Fort  Henry,  Fort  Donelson,  at  Shiloh  under  General  Lew  Wal 
lace,  Corinth,  the  action  at  Russell's  house  near  Corinth,  and  the  march 
to  Memphis,  destroying  the  railroads  affording  the  rebel  troops  supplies 
and  means  of  transportation  ;  mustered  out  at  Memphis  August  16,  1865. 
Comrade  Johnson  is  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  department  of  Illinois, 
and  is  at  present  practicing  his  profession  in  Sacramento,  Cal. 


WILLIAM  H.  SURLES. 

Was  born  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  February  24,  1845.  Enlisted,  Sep 
tember  5,  1861,  in  Company  G,  2d  Ohio  Infantry;  was  attached  to  General 
McCook's  command,  and  took  part  in  the  actions  of  Perryville-,  Murfrees- 
boro,  Hoover's  Creek,  Chickamauga,  Lookout  Mountain,  Missionary 
Ridge,  and  on  all  the  fields  upon  which  General  Sherman's  army  was 


5v4  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  OF   THE   G.  ^.  R. 

engaged;  was  mustered  out  October  10,  1864;  then  took  a  collegiate 
.course,  and  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits;  is  a  wholesale  and  retail  coal 
dealer  at  East  Liverpool,  Ohio.  Comrade  Surles  is  a  member  of  General 
Lyon  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  East  Liverpool,  of  which  he  is  post  commander; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  twentieth  national  encampment,  where  his  name 
was  presented  as  a  candidate  for  Vice-Commander-in-Chief,  receiving  next 
to  the  largest  vote  cast. 


NATHANIEL  B.  NILE. 

Was  born  May  22,  1841,  in  Rangeley,  Franklin  County,  Me.;  is  a 
teamster  by  occupation.  Enlisted  in  Company  B,  yth  Maine  Infantry, 
afterwards  in  the  2d  Maine  Cavalry,  17 th  August,  1861,  as  a  private;  was 
promoted  to  corporal;  was  attached  to  the  3d  Division,  2d  Corps,  Army  of 
the  Potomac;  and  honorably  discharged  December  16,  1865.  Comrade 
Nile  is  a  member  of  Antietam  Post,  of  Petaluma;  resides  in  Bloomfield, 
Sonoma  County,  Cal. 

WILLIAM  H.   PIERCE. 

Was  born  in  Niles,  Berrien  County,  Mich.,  June  22,  1848;  has  been 
a  mechanic,  contractor,  and  builder.  Enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  B, 
i2th  Michigan  Infantry,  September  5,  1864;  was  attached  to  Steele's 
Division,  Department  of  Missouri;  was  mustered  out,  December  14,  1864, 
on  account  of  disability.  Comrade  Pierce  was  a  member  of  Custer  Post, 
Carson  city,  Nev. ;  is  now  a  member  of  W.  R.  Corn  man  Post,  G.  A.  R. , 
of  San  Bernardino,  where  he  lives. 


CHRONOLOGICAL  SUMMARY 


OF 


Important  Events  of  the  Civil  War. 


1861-1865. 


NOVEMBER,  1860. 

6.  Abraham  Lincoln,  the  Republican 
candidate,  elected  President  of  the  United 
States. 

7.  Palmetto  flag-  raised  at  Charleston, 
S.  C. 

— .  Major  Robert  Anderson  assigned  to 
command  of  U.  S.  forts  in  Charleston 
harbor. 

— .  Captain  Truman  Seymour,  U.  S. 
Army,  arrested  by  Charleston  city  author 
ities  for  attempting  to  transfer  supplies 
from  Charleston  Arsenal  to  Fort  Moultrie. 

13.  State  of  South  Carolina  resolved  to 
raise  10,000  volunteers. 

1 8.  The  Legislature  of  Georgia  voted 
$1,000,000  to  arm  the  State. 

DECEMBER. 

20.  South  Carolina  passed  the  ordi 
nance  of  secession. 

26.  Major    Anderson    transferred    the 
garrison    from    Fort    Moultrie    to    Fort 
Sumter,  in   Charleston  harbor. 

27.  Fort    Pinckney,    S.   C.,   seized   by   ' 
State  troops. 

30.  U.  S.  Arsenal  at  Charleston  seized 
by  the  South  Carolinians. 


JANUARY,  1 86 1. 

C.,   seized 


by 


2.  Fort   Johnston,    S. 
State  forces. 

3.  Fort  Pulaski,  Ga. ,  seized  by  Georgia 
forces. 

4.  U.   S.   Arsenal   at   Mount  Vernon, 
Ala.,  seized  by  Alabama  forces. 

5.  Forts   Morgan    and    Gaines,    near 
Mobile,  seized  by  Alabama  troops. 

6.  U.  S.  Arsenal  at  Apalachicola,  Fla. , 
seized  by  State  troops. 

7.  Fort  Marion,  Fla.,  seized  by  State 
troops. 

— .  Fort  Johnston,  N.  C.,  seized  by  cit 
izen  volunteers  of  Smith ville. 
9.   Mississippi  seceded. 

— .  Steamer  Star  of  the  West,  convey 
ing  reinforcements  and  supplies  to  Fort 
Sumter,  fired  at  in  Charleston  harbor. 

10.  Fort  Caswell,  N.  C.,  seized  by  vol 
unteers  from  Smithville  and  Wilmington. 

— .  Fort  Livingston,  La.,  seized  by 
State  forces. 

— .  U.  S.  Arsenal  and  Barracks  at  Baton 
Rouge,  La.,  seized  by  Louisianaians. 

— .  Alabama  and  Florida  seceded. 

11.  U.    S.    Marine    Hospital    at    New 
Orleans  seized. 


555 


556 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


\_iS6r 


11.  Forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip,  La., 
seized. 

— .  Formal  demand  made  for  surrender 
of  Fort  Sumter,  and  refused  by  Major 
Anderson. 

12.  Surrender  of  Fort   Pickens,   Fla., 
demanded. 

— .  Forts  Barrancas  and  McRae  and 
U.  S.  Navy  Yard  at  Pensacola  seized  by 
Floridians. 

19.   Georgia  seceded. 

29.   Louisiana  seceded. 

31.  U.  S.  Mint  at  New  Orleans  taken 
possession  of  by  Louisiana  State  author 
ities. 

FEBRUARY. 

i.  Texas  seceded. 

1 8.  Jefferson  Davis  inaugurated  at 
Montgomery,  Ala.,  as  "President  of  the 
Confederate  States. " 

— .  U.  S.  Military  Posts  in  Department 
of  Texas  surrendered  by  General  Twiggs. 

25.  President-elect  Abraham  Lincoln 
arrived  at  Washington  city. 

MARCH. 

i.  The  Government  of  the  Confeder 
ate  States  assumes  control  of  military 
affairs  at  Charleston. 

4.  President  Lincoln  inaugurated. 
— .  Arkansas  seceded. 

5.  General  Beauregard  ordered  by  Jef 
ferson  Davis  to  command  the  Confederate 
forces  at  Charleston. 

12.  Southern  commissioners  request  an 
interview,  at  Washington,  with  Secretary 
of  vState,  who  declines  to  receive  them. 

APRIL. 

1 1 .  Surrender  of  Fort  Sumter  demanded 
by  General  Beauregard,  and  refused. 
12-13.   Bombardment. 

14.  Sumter  evacuated  by  Major  Ander 
son. 

15.  President  Lincoln  calls  for  75,000 
troops. 

17.  Virginia  seceded. 


19.  Southern  ports  blockaded  by  order 
of  President  Lincoln. 

— .  Volunteer  troops  attacked  in  Balti 
more. 

MAY. 

3.  The  Confederate  privateer  Savannah 
captured  by  U.  S.  brig  Perry. 

4.  The  President  issues  a  second  call 
for  troops. 

6.  Arkansas  and  Tennessee  seceded. 

20.  North  Carolina  seceded. 

JUNE. 

10.  Confederate  victon*  at  Big  Bethel, 
Va. 

11.  Union  victory  at  Romney,  W.  Ya. 

17.  General  Lyon  defeats  the  Confed 
erate  forces  under  Marmaduke  at  Boon- 
ville,  Mo. 

JULY. 

1.  Orders   issued    for    raising    U.   S. 
troops  in  Kentuck}r  and  Tennessee. 

2.  Engagement    at    Falling    Waters, 
Va.,  between  Union  forces  under  General 
Thomas  and  Confederates  under  Jackson. 

5.  Battle  of  Carthage,  Mo. 

ii.   Battle  at  Rich  Mountain,  W.  Va. 

11.  Engagement  at  Hannibal,  Mo. 

12.  Action  at  Barboxirsville,  W.  Ya. 
— .  Fight  at  Beverly,  W.  Va. 

14.  Battle  of  Carrick's  Ford,  W.  Va. 

1 8.  Engagement  at  Blackburn's  Ford, 
Va. 

20.   Battle  of  Bull  Run. 

AUGUST. 

3.  Engagement  at  Mesilla,  N.  M. 

10.  Battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  Mo.,  the 
Union  forces  being  under  command  of 
General  Lyon,  who  was  killed  in  the 
engagement. 

19.  Action  at  Bird's  Point,  Charleston, 
Mo. 

26.  Battle  at  Cross  Lanes,  W.  Va. 
29.  Forts  Hatteras  and  Clark,   N.  C., 
captured. 


i86i-2\ 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


557 


SEPTEMBER. 

4.   Action  at  Shelbina,  Mo. 

TO.   Battle  of  Carnifex  Ferry,  W.  Va. 

1 1 .  Engagement  at  Lewinsville,  Va. 

— .  Operations  in  Cheat  Mountain, 
W.Ya.,  including  actions  at  Cheat  Mount 
ain  Pass,  Cheat  Summit  Point,  Mountain 
Turnpike  and  Elk  Water  (nth  to  lyth). 

13.  Engagement  at  Boonville,  Mo. 

14.  Rebel  privateer  Judah  destroyed  at 
Pensacola,    Fla.,    by    boats   from    U.    S. 
squadron . 

20.  Lexington,   Mo.,   captured  by  the 
Confederates. 

21.  Engagement  at  Papinsville,  Mo. 
23.  Action  at  Romney,  W.  Va. 

25.  The  Union   gunboats   engage   the 
Confederate  defenses  at  Freestone  Point, 
Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Chapmanville, 
W.  Va. 

OCTOBER. 

3.  Engagement  at  Greenbrier,  W.  Va. 
9.  Night  attack  of  the  Confederates  on 
the  Union  troops  at  Santa  Rosa,  Fla. 

20.  Engagement  at  Fredericktown,  Mo, 

21.  Battle  of  Ball's  Bluff,  Va. ;  Colonel 
Baker,  U.  S.  Senator  from  Oregon,  com 
manding  Union  forces,  killed  in  action. 

26.  Capture  of  Romney,    W.  Va.,   by 
Union  forces  under  General  Kelley. 

NOVEMBER. 

7.  General    Grant,    with    some    four 
thousand  men   in  transports,  supported 
by  the  U.S.  gunboats  Tyler  and  Lexing 
ton,  makes  an  attack  on  the  Confederate 
camp  at  Belmont,  Mo. 

— .  Battle  at  Port  Royal,  S.  C.,  and 
capture  of  Forts  Beauregard  and  Walker 
by  U.  S.  fleet  under  Commodore  Dupont. 

8.  Arrest  of  Confederate  commission 
ers   Mason   and   Slidell   while  on  board 
British   steamer    Trent,    by    Commodore 
Wilkes,  commanding  U.  S.  .steamer  San 
Jacinto. 

9.  Engagement  at  Piketon,  Ky.  (Ivy 
Mountain.) 


10.  Fight  at  Gauley's  Bridge,  W.  Va. 

23.  Bombardment  of  Pensacola,  Fla., 
by  U.  S.  Army  batteries  and  U.  S. 
steamers  Niagara  and  Richmond. 

DECEMBER. 

9.  Fight  of  Federal  Indians  with  Con 
federate  forces  at  Bushy  Creek,  Ark. 

13.  Engagement  at  Buffalo  Mountain, 
W.  Va.,  between  General  Milroy's  brigade 
of  five  regiments  and  the  Confederates 
under  General  Johnson. 

20.  Battle  of  Dranesville,  Va. 

JANUARY,  1862. 

i.  Engagement  at  Port  Royal,  Coosaw 
River,  S.  C. ;  Union  commander,  General 
Isaac  I.  Stevens,  Commander  Raymond 
Rodgers  with  five  gunboats  co-operating; 
Confederates  under  General  Maxcy  Gregg. 

10.  Engagement  at  Middle  Creek  and 
Prestonburg,  Ky.;  Union  forces  com 
manded  by  Colonel  James  A.  Garfield, 
Confederates  by  General  Humphrey  Mar 
shall. 

19-20.  Battle  of  Mill  Springs,  Ky. 

26.  Reconnaissance  to  Wilmington  Nar 
rows,  Ga.,  by  gunboats  and  Union  troops; 
naval  engagement  with  Confederate  ves 
sels  under  Admiral  Tatnall. 

FEBRUARY. 

3.  Call  for  71,000  men  from  the  State 
of  Missouri  for  Confederate  service. 

6.  Capture  of  Fort  Henry,  Tenn.,  by 
Union  gunboats. 

8.  Battle  of  Roanoke  Island,  N.  C. 
10.  Operations  of  gunboats   at   Eliza 
beth  City,  N.  C. 

1 6.  Capture  of  Fort  Donelson. 

21.  Engagement  at  Valverde,  N.  M. 
23.  Evacuation  of  Nashville,  Tenn.,  by 

Confederates,   and  occupation  by  Union 
forces. 

MARCH. 

i.  Engagement  at  Pittsburg,  Tenn. 
— .  Fight  at  Sikestown,  Mo.,  with  Con 
federate  forces,   commanded  by  General 
Jeff  Thompson. 


558 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS   OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


\i86z 


2.  Evacuation  of  Columbus,   Ky.,  by 
•Confederates,  and  occupation  by  Union 
forces. 

3.  Action  at  New  Madrid,  Mo. 

6.  Battle  of  Pea  Ridge,  Ark . 

7.  Engagement     and     occupation    of 
Point  Pleasant,  Mo. 

8.  Naval    engagement    in    Hampton 
Roads,  Va.,  and  destruction  of  the  U.  S. 
frigate  Congress  and  sloop-of-\var  Cumber 
land  by  Confederate  ironclad  Merrimac. 

9.  Engagement   between   U.   S.  iron 
clad  Monitor  and  Merrimac  in  Hampton 
Roads. 

13.  Army  corps  organized  in  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac. 

14.  New  Berne,  N.  C.,  captured  by  Union 
forces. 

— .  Capture  of  New  Madrid,  Mo.,  by 
General  John  Pope. 

17.  Embarkation  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  for  the  Peninsula  commenced  at 
Alexandria,  Va. 

23.  Battle  at  Winchester,  Va. 

26.  Fight  at  Apache  Cation,  near  Santa 
Fe,  N.  M. 

27.  Attack  on   Union   camp   at  Stras- 
burg,  Va.,  by  Colonel  Turner  Ashb}-,  of 
Confederates. 

28.  Engagement  at  Middleburg,  Va. 
28.  Fight  at  Glorietta,  N.  M. 

30.  Capture  of  Union  Cit}-,  Tenn. 

APRIL. 

2.  Engagement  at  Putnam's  Ferry, 
near  Doniphan,  Mo. 

— .  Affairs  at  Biloxi  and  Pass  Chris 
tian,  Miss. 

5.  Commencement  of  .siege  of  York- 
town,  Va.,  lasting  till  May  5th. 

6-7.  Battle  of  Shiloh,  or  Pittsburg 
Landing. 

7.  Capture  of  Island  No.  10  by  Gen 
eral  John  Pope. 

8.  Fight  at  Albuquerque,  N.  M. 

9.  Fight  with  Indians  at  Owens  River, 
Cal. 

lo-ii.  Bombardment  and  capture  of 
Fort  Pulaski,  Ga. 


13.  Expedition  from  southern  Califor 
nia  through  Arizona  to  New  Mexico  and 
northwestern  Texas  (April  i3th  to  Sep 
tember  20tll). 

15.  Fight  at  Pechacho  Pass,  Arizona Ty. 

16.  Action  at  Lee's  Mills,  Va. 

18-28.  Bombardment  and  passage  of 
forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip  by  U.  S.  fleet 
under  Admiral  Farragut,  and  capture  of 
New  Orleans,  La. 

19.  Engagement  at  South  Mills,  N.  C. 

23.  Engagement  at  Grasslick,  W.  Va. 

24.  Action  at  Fort  Macon,  N.  C. 

26.  Fight  with  Indians  at  Neosho,  Mo. 

29.  Action  at  West  Bridge  (Bridgeport), 
Ala. 

— .  Advance  on  and  siege  of  Corinth 
by  the  Union  forces  under  command  of 
General  Halleck. 

MAY. 

i,   Occupation    of    New    Orleans    by 
General  Butler. 

3.  Evacuation  of  Vorktown.Va.,  by  the 
Confederates. 

— .  Fight  at  Farmington,  Miss. 
5.  Battle  of  Williamsburg,  Va. 
— .  Action  at  Lebanon,  Tenn. 

7.  Engagement   at  West  Point,   Va., 
between  Franklin's  division,  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  the  Confederate  division  of 
General  Whiting. 

— .  Action  at  Somerville  Heights,  Va. 

8.  Engagement  at  McDowell,  Va.,  be 
tween  Union  forces  under  General  Milroy 
and  Confederate  forces  of  General  (Stone 
wall)  Jackson. 

9.  Evacuation  of  Pensacola,   Fla.,  by 
the  Confederates,  and  occupation  by  the 
Union  troops. 

— .  Engagement  (second)  at  Farming- 
ton,  Miss. 

10.  Naval  engagement  at  Plum  Point, 
near  Fort  Pillow,  Tenn. 

— .  Occupation  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  by 
Union  forces  under  General  Wool. 

15.  Naval  demonstration  upon  Galves- 
ton,  Tex. 


1862} 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


15.  Naval     attack     on     Fort     Darling 
(Drewry's  Bluff"),  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Princeton,  W.  Va., 
between  Union  forces  of  General  J.  D. 
Cox  and  Confederates  under  General 
Humphrey  Marshall. 

17.  Engagement  at  Russell's  House, 
before  Corinth,  Miss. 

19.  Engagement  at  Searcy's  Landing 
Little  Red  River,  Ark. 

21.  Affair  at  Paraje,  N.  M. 

— •.  Engagement  at  Philip's  Creek, 
Miss. 

23.  Action  at  Fort  Craig,  N.  M. 

— .   Engagement  at  Front  Royal,  Va. 

24.  Engagement  at  Ellison's  Mills  be 
tween  Stoneman's   cavalr}-   and   a   Con 
federate  force. 

25.  Battle  at  Winchester,  Va.,  between 
Union    forces    commanded    by   General 
Banks  and  the  Confederates  under  Gen 
eral  (Stonewall)  Jackson. 

27.  Battle  at  Hanover  Court-house  be 
tween  Union  troops  under  General  Fitz 
John  Porter  and  the  Confederates. 

29.  Action  at  Pocotaligo,  S.  C. 

31.  and  June  i.  Battle  of  Seven  Pines 
and  Fair  Oaks,  Va. 

JUNE. 

5.  Action  at  Tranter's  Creek,  N.  C. 

6.  Naval   engagement   off    Memphis, 
Tenn.;  rebel  guns  sunk  by  Union  fleet 
under  Commodore  Chas.  H.  Davis,  and 
city  captured. 

7.  and  8.  Attack  on  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

8.  Battle  at  Cross  Keys,  Va.,  between 
General  Fremont  and  General  (Stonewall) 
Jackson. 

9.  Engagement  at  Port  Republic,  Va. ; 
General  Shields  commanding  Union  troops 
and  General  (Stonewall)  Jackson  the  Con 
federates. 

1 6.  Action  at  Secessionville,  S.  C. 

17.  Combined  attack  of  U.  S.  gunboats 
and  land  forces   on    Confederate  fort  at 
St.  Charles,  Ark.,  resulting  in  its  capture. 

1 8.  Cumberland  Gap,  Tenn.,  captured 
by  Union  troops. 


20.  Engagement  at  Battle  Creek,  Tenn. 

25.  Battle  at  Oak  Grove,  Va. 

25  to  July  i.  The  seven  days'  battles 
between  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  under 
General  McClellan  and  the  Confederates 
commanded  by  General  Lee. 

26.  Bombardment  of  Vicksburg  by  the 
mortar-boat  squadron  of  Commodore  David 
Porter. 

— .  Battle  at  Mechanicsville,  Va. 

27.  Battle  at  Gaines'  Mills,  Va. 
— .   Action  at  Garnett's  Farm,  Va. 

28.  Battle  at  Chickahominy,  Va. 

— .  Cavalry  fight  at  Dispatch  Station, 
Va. 

29.  Engagement  at  Allen's  Farm,  Va. 

30.  Battle  of  Glendale,  or  White  Oak 
Swamp,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Turkey  Island 
Bridge,  Va. 

JULY. 

i.   President  Lincoln  calls  for  300,000 
more  troops. 

— .  Battle  of  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
— .  Action  at  Booneville,  Miss. 

7.  Action  at  Bayou  Cache,  Ark. 

9.   Engagement  at  Aberdeen,  Ark. 

12.  Cavalry  fight  at  Culpeper,  Va. 

13.  Engagement  and  capture  of  Mur- 
freesboro,  Tenn.,  by    Confederate    forces 
under  General  Forrest. 

15.  Unsuccessful  attempt  by  Union  gun 
boats  to  destroy  rebel  ram  Arkansas  at 
Vicksburg,  Miss. 

17.  Rebel  General  Morgan's  raid  and 
capture  of  Cynthiana,  Ky.,  garrisoned 
by  L;nion  troops. 

23.  General  Halleck  assumes  command 
of  the  Army  of  the  United  States. 

28.  Engagement  at  Bayou  Bernard, 
Indian  Ty. 

— .  Engagement  at  Moore's  Mills,  Mo. 

AUGUST. 

3.  General  McClellan  ordered  to  with 
draw   his   troops  from  the  Peninsula  to 
Acquia  Creek,  Va. 

4.  Order  issued  from  Washington  for  a 
draft  of  300,000  men  in  the  different  States. 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


{1862 


5.  Engagement  at  Baton  Rouge,  La.; 
combined  force  of  Union  troops  and  gun 
boats  tinder  General  Williams  and  Com 
modore  Porter  ;  Confederates  commanded 
by  General  John  C.  Breckinridge. 

— .  Engagement  at  Malvern  Hill 
between  Union  forces  under  General  Hoo 
ker  and  Confederates  commanded  by  Gen 
eral  Wade  Hampton. 

6.  Engagement  at  Kirksville,  Mo. 

7.  Fight  at  Fillmore,  N.  M.,  between 
California  troops  commanded  by  General 
Canby  and  Texas  forces  of  General  Sibley. 

9.  Battle  of  Cedar  Mountain,  Va. 

13.  Battle  of  Clarendon,  Ark.,  between 
General  Hovey's  division,  i3th  Army 
Corps,  and  Confederate  forces  under  Gen 
eral  Hindman. 

1 6-1 8.  Bombardment  of  Corpus  Christi, 
Tex.,  by  Union  gunboats. 

16.  Engagement  at  Lone  Jack,  Mo. 

1 8.  Massacre  by  Sioux  Indians  at  Red 
wood,  Minn. 

20.  Cavalry  fight  at  Brandy  Station,  Va. 
20-22.  Fight   with   Sioux    Indians    at 

Fort  Ridgely,  Minn. 

21.  Engagement  at  Gallatiri,  Tenn. 

— .  Cavalry  and  artillery  fight  at  Kel- 
ley's  Ford,  Va. 

23.  Engagement  at  Big  Hill,  Ky. 
23-25.  Actions  of  detachments  of  the 

Army  of  Virginia  under  General  John 
Pope  at  Waterloo  Bridge,  Lee's  Springs, 
Freeman's  Ford,  and  Sulphur  Springs,  Va. 

24.  Engagement  between  Kansas  regi 
ment  and  guerrillas  under  Quantrell,  at 
Lamar,  Kas. 

25.  Confederate   attack   on   Fort  Don- 
elson. 

25-26.  Fight  with  Sioux  Indians  at 
New  Ulm,  Minn. 

26.  Engagement  at  Madisonville,  Ky. 

27.  Confederate  cavalry  under  General 
Fitz  Hugh  Lee  attack  the  Union  troops  at 
Bull  Run  Bridge,  Va. 

— .  Battle  at  Kettle  Run,  Va.,  between 
General  Jo  Hooker's  division,  3d  Army 
Corps,  and  Confederate  forces  under  Gen 
eral  Ewell. 


28.  Engagement  at  Readyville,  Tenn. 

— .  Destrviction  of  City  Point,  James 
River,  Va.,  by  Union  gunboats  under 
Commodore  Wilkes. 

28-29.  Engagements  at  Groveton  and 
Gainesville,  Va.,  between  General  Pope's 
army  and  the  Confederate  army  under 
General  Lee. 

30.  Second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Va. 
— .  Battle  at  Bolivar,  Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  McMinnville,  Tenn. 
— .  Battle  at  Richmond,  Ky. 

31.  Engagement  at  Stevenson,  Ala. 

SEPTEMBER. 

i.  Battle  of  Chantilly,  Va.;  Generals 
Phil  Kearny  and  Isaac  I.  Stevens  among 
the  Union  officers  killed. 

— .  Attack  on  Union  forces  at  Britton's 
Lane,  Tenn.,  by  the  Confederate  general 
Armstrong's  command. 

— .  Indian  attacks  on  Birch  Coolie, 
Minn.  (2-3),  Hutchinson,  Minn.  (3-4),  and 
Fort  Abercrombie,  Dak.  (3-6). 

3.  Engagement  at  Geiger's  Lake,  Ky. 

4.  Major-General  McClellan  assumes 
command  at  Washington. 

6.  Attack  on  Washington,  N.  C.,  by 
the  Confederates. 

— .  Cavalry  fight  at  Cacapon  Bridge,  Va. 
— .  Engagement  at  Martinsburg,  Va. 
— .  Occupation  of  Frederick,   Md.,  by 
the  Confederate  army  under  General  Lee. 
— .  Engagement  at  Chapmansville,  Va. 

7.  Recapture  of  Clarksville,  Tenn.,  by 
Union  forces. 

8.  Engagement  at  DesAllemands,  La. 

9.  Cavalry  and  artillery  engagement 
at  Williamsburg,  Va. 

10.  Engagement  of  cavalry  under  Colo 
nel  Grierson  with  Confederate  forces  at 
Coldwrater,  Miss. 

— .  Engagement  at  Fayetteville,  W.Va. 

11.  Engagement  at  Cotton  Hill,  W.Va. 
11-13.  Capture  of  Bloomfield,  Mo.,  by 

Con  federates. 

12-15.  Engagement  at  Harper's  Ferry, 
Va. 


i86z] 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


12.  Engagement    and     destruction    of 
Cliarlestown,  \V.  Va. 

14.  Battle  at  South  Mountain,  Md. 
14-16.  Engagement  at  Mumfordsville, 

Ky. 

15.  Surrender  of  Harper's  Ferry,  Va., 
to     Confederate     forces     under    General 
(Stonewall)  Jackson. 

17.  Battle  of  Antietam,  Md. 

— .  Engagement  at  Falmouth,  Ky. 

19.  Battle  at  luka,  Miss. 

20.  Action  at  Blackford's  Ford,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Shirley's  Ford, 
Spring  River,  Mo. 

— .  Engagement  at  Prentiss  and  Bolivar, 
Miss.,  between  guerrillas  and  Union  gun 
boat,  and  transports  with  troops. 

22.  Emancipation  Proclamation  issued 
by  President  Lincoln. 

23.  Battle  at  Wood  Lake,    Minn.,   be 
tween    General    Sibley's    command    of 
Minnesota  volunteer  regiments  and  the 
Sioux  Indians. 

28.  Engagement  at  Blackwater,  Va. 

30.  Battle  of  Newtonia,  Mo. 

— .  Engagement  at  Russellville,  Ky. 

OCTOBER. 

i.  Action  at  Floyd's  Fork,  Ky. 

— .  Cavalry  fight  at  Gallatin,  Tenn. 

3-4.  Battle  of  Corinth,  Miss.,  General 
Rosecrans  commanding  the  Union  forces, 
and  General  Van  Dorn,  the  Confederates. 

4.  Engagement  at  Bardstown,  Ky. 

5.  Engagement  at  Big  Hatchie  River, 
Miss. 

— .  Action  at  Glasgow,  Ky. 

7.  Engagement  at  La  Vergne,  Tenn. 

8.  Battle  at  Perry ville,  Ky.,  between 
the  armies  of  General  Buell  (Union),  and 
General  Bragg  (Confederate). 

9.  Engagement  at  Lawrenceburg,  Ky. 
17.  Cavalry  action  at  Lexington,   Ky. 
— .  Cavalry  fight  at  Thoroughfare  Gap, 

Va. 

22.  Engagement  at  Old  Fort  Wayne, 
Ark. 

— .  Battle  at  Pocotaligo,  S.  C. 
2L 


27.  Engagement  at    Putnam's   Ferry, 
Mo. 

28.  Cavalry  action  at  Cross  Hollows, 
Ark. 

NOVEMBER. 

i.  Bombardment  of  Lavaca,  Tex.,  by 
Union  gunboats. 

3.  Engagement  at  Bayou  Teche,  La. — 
Union  gunboats  and  troops  against  Con 
federate  forces. 

5.  Cavalry  action   at  Manassas  Gap, 
Va. 

— .  General  Burnside  assigned  to  com 
mand  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

— .  Cavalry  and  artillery  action  at  New 
Baltimore,  Salem,  and  Thoroughfare  Gap, 
Va. 

— .  Battle  of  Nashville,  Tenn. 
8.  Cavalry    action  at  Rappahannock 
Bridge,  Va. 

12.  Cavalry  action  at  Lamar  and  Holly 
Springs,  Miss. 

15.  Engagement  at  Fayetteville  and 
White  Sulphur  Springs,  Va. 

1 8.  Engagement  at  Cove  Creek,  N.  C. 

26.  Engagement  at  Cold  Knob  Mount 
ain,  Va. 

28.  Engagement  at  Cane  Hill,  Boston 
Mountains,  and  Boonsboro,  Ark. 

— .  Engagement  at  Little  Bear  Creek, 
Ala. 

DECEMBER. 

4.  Cavalry  action    at  Water  Valley, 
Miss. 

— .  Engagement  at  Port  Royal,  on  the 
Rappahannock  River,  Va.,  between  the 
Union  gnnboats  and  Confederate  batteries. 

5.  Cavalry  action  at  Coffeeville,  Miss. 
7.  Battle  at  Prairie  Grove,  Ark. 

— .  Battle  of  Hartsville,  Tenn. 

10.  Second  engagement  at  Port  Royal, 
Va.,  between  Union  gunboats — eight  in 
number — and  Confederate  batteries. 

13.  Battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  Gen 
eral  Burnside  commanding  Union  forces 
and  General  Lee  the  Confederates. 

— .  Engagement  at  South  West  Creek, 
Va. 


562 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


{.1862-3 


14.  Battle  and  capture  of  Kinston,  N.  C.   ! 

1 6.  Artillery  fight  at  Whitehall,  N.  C.  ; 

17.  Engagement  between  General  Fos-  ! 
ter's  command  and   Confederate  general 
Evans'  command  at  Goldsboro,  N.  C. 

1 8.  Engagement    and    occupation    by 
Confederate  forces  of  Lexington,  Ky. 

— .  Engagement  at  Jackson,  Tenn. 

19.  Engagement  at  Occoquan,  Va. 

20.  Capture   of  Holly   Springs,  Miss., 
by  Confederates. 

— .  Capture  by  Confederate  forces,  of 
Trenton  and  Humboldt,  Tenn. 

21.  Engagement  at  Davis  Mills,  Wolf 
River,  Miss. 

26.  Engagement  at  Nolansville,  Tenn. 

27.  Capture  of  Elizabeth  town,  Ky.,  by  ! 
Confederate  forces. 

— .  Engagement  at  Dumfries,  Va. 

28-29.  Battle  of  Chickasaw  Bayou, 
(Vicksburg)  Miss.  Repulse  of  General 
W.  T.  Sherman,  commanding  Union 
forces. 

30.  Cavalry  action  at  Wautauga  Bridge 
and  Carter's  Station,  Tenn. 

— .  Battle  at  Parker's  Cross  Roads, 
Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  Jefferson,  Tenn. 

31.  January  2,  1863 — Battle  of  Stone's 
River,    Tenn.     General   Rosecrans   com 
manding  Union  army  and  General  Bragg 
the  Confederates. 


JANUARY,   1863. 

1.  Capture   of   Galveston,  Tex.,  and 
Union    gunboats,     by    the    Confederate  j 
forces  under  General  Magruder. 

— .  Emancipation  Proclamation  issued 
by  President  Lincoln  took  effect  on  this 
date. 

2.  Battle  of  Stone's  River  (Murfrees- 
boro),  Tenn.,  resumed  and  ended. 

7.  Engagement  at  Springfield,  Mo. 

1 1 .  Naval  engagement  off  the  coast  of 
Texas,  between  U.  S.  steamer  Hatteras 
and  Confederate  steamer  Alabama,  re 
sulting  in  the  sinking  of  the  Hatteras. 

— .  Battle  at  Hartsville,  Mo. 


ii.  Capture  of  Arkansas  Post,  Ark., 
by  Union  forces  under  General  McCler- 
nand,  and  gunboats  of  Mississippi  squad 
ron  under  Admiral  Porter. 

14.  Engagement  at  Bayou  Teche,  La. 
— .  Union  gunboat  Queen  of  the  West 

captured  by  the  Confederates  on  Red 
River,  La. 

21.  U.  S.  ship  Morning  Light  captured 
by  Confederate  steamers  in  the  Sabine 
Pass,  Texas. 

26.  General  Jos.  Hooker  assumes  'com 
mand  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

— .  Bombardment  of  Fort  McAllister, 
Ga.,  by  U.  S.  ironclad  Montank  and  gun 
boats. 

29.  Battle    at    Bear    River,    W.    Ty., 
between      California     Volunteers,     com 
manded  by  Colonel  P.  Edward  Connor, 
and  hostile  bands  of  Snakes,  Utes,  and 
Bannock  Indians. 

30.  Engagement  at  Suffolk,  Va. 

31.  Attack  on  U.  S.  blockading  vessels 
off  Charleston  bar,  S.  C.,  by  Confederate 
vessels  under  Flag  Officer  Ingraham. 

— .  Engagement  at  Rover,  Tenn. 

FEBRUARY. 

3.  Engagement  at  Mingo  Swamp,  Mo. 
— .  Confederate  forces  under  Generals 
Wheeler  and  Forrest  attack  Fort  Donel- 
son,  Tenn. 

7.  Cavalry  fight  at  Wiliiamsbug,  Va. 

8.  Fight  of  Missouri  Militia  cavalry 
with  guerrillas  at  Independence,  Mo. 

10.  Indian  fight  and  capture  of  Wachita 
Indian  Agency,  Tex.,  by  loyal  Delaware 
and  Shawnee  Indians. 

15.  Engagement  at  Cainsville,  Tenn. 
18.  Vicksburg,    Miss.,    bombarded    by 

U.  S.  mortar-boats. 

21.  U.  S.  gunboats  Freeborn  and 
Dragon,  under  Lt.-Com.  Magaw,  attack 
Fort  Lowrey  on  Rappahannock  River,  Va. 

23.  Engagement  at  Deer  Creek,  Miss. 

24.  Engagement  and  capture  of  U.  S. 
ironclad  Indianola   by  four   Confederate 
steamers,    on    Mississippi    River,    below 
Vicksburg. 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS   OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


563 


28.  Destruction  of  armed  Confederate 
steamer  Nashville  by  U.  S.  ironclad- 
Montauk. 

MARCH. 

1.  Engagement  at  Brady ville,  Tenn. 

2.  Engagement  at  Eagleville,  Tenn. 

3.  Bombardment  of  Fort  McAllister, 
Ga.,    by    U.    S.    ironclads    and    mortar- 
schooners,  Captain  Percival  Drayton  com 
manding. 

4-5.  Confederate  Army,  under  Gen 
eral  Earl  Van  Dorn,  attacks  the  Union 
forces  at  Thompson's  Station,  Tenn. 

10.  Capture  of  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  by 
U.  S.  colored  troops. 

i3-April  5.  Bombardment  of  Fort  Pem- 
berton,  Greenwood,  Miss. 

14.  Bombardment  of  Port  Hudson,  La., 
by  naval  fleet  under  Admiral  Farragut, 
assisted  by  Union  troops  commanded  by 
General  Banks. 

— .  Bombardment  of  New  Berne,  N.  C. 

17.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Kelly's 
Ford,  Va. 

20.  Battle  at  Vaught  Hill,  near  Milton, 
Tenn. 

21.  Engagement    at    Cottage    Grove, 
Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  Deer  Creek,  Miss. 

24.  Capture   of  Ponchatoula,   La.,    by 
United  States  forces. 

— .  Engagement  at  Danville,  Ky. 

25.  Capture  of  Brentwood,   Tenn.,   by 
Confederate  forces. 

27.  U.  S.  steamer  Hartford,  flag-ship  of 
Admiral  Farragut,   engages  the  Confed 
erate  batteries  at  Warrenton,  Miss. 

28.  Engagement  at  Pattersonville,  La. 

30.  Massacre  on  steamer  Sam  Gafy,  at 
Sibley's  Landing,  Mo. 

— .  Battle  of  Dutton  Hills  (Somerset), 
Ky. 

— .  Capture  of  Point  Pleasant,  W.  Va. 
— .  to  April  4.  Attack  on  Washington, 
N.  C.,  by  Confederate  forces. 

31.  Proclamation  issued   by  President 
Lincoln,     forbidding    commercial    inter 
course  between  citizens  of  loyal  and  dis 
loyal  States. 


APRIL. 

1.  Admiral   Farragut's   fleet  engages 
the  batteries  at  Grand  Gulf,  Miss. 

2.  Engagement  at  Snow  Hill,  Tenn. 

5  to  10.     Expedition   under   General 
Steele  to  Black  Bayou,  Miss. 

— .  Bombardment  of  Hill's  Point, 
N.  C.,  by  Union  gunboats. 

7.  Bombardment     of     Fort     Sutnter, 
S.  C.,  by  ironclads,  Admiral  Dupont  com 
manding. 

8.  Engagement  at  St.  Francis  County, 
Mo. 

— .  Engagement  at  Broad  River,  S.  C. 

1 1 .  Expedition,  under  Colonel  Streight, 
into  Alabama  and  Georgia. 

12  to  May  4.  Siege  of  Suffolk,  Va. 

13-14.  Attack  on  Confederate  works  at 
Bayou  Teche,  La.,  by  Union  forces  under 
Generals  Banks  and  Emory. 

14.  Engagement  at  West  Branch  and 
Nansemond,    Va.,    between   Union   gun 
boats  and  Confederate  batteries. 

15.  Fight  of  Second  California  Cavalry, 
under   Colonel    Evans,   with   Indians  at 
Spanish  Fork  Canon,  Utah. 

— .  Engagement  at  Pikeville,  Ky. 

1 6.  Running   of  batteries,   Vicksburg, 
Miss.,   by  ironclads  of  Commodore  Por 
ter's    fleet    and    transports    of    General 
Grant's  army. 

— .  Fight  with  Indians  at  Medalia, 
Minn. 

17.  Engagement  at  Bayou  Vermilion, 
La. 

— .  to  May  2.  Colonel  Grierson's  cavalry 
expedition  from  La  Grange,  Tenn.,  to 
Baton  Rouge,  La. 

1 8.  Engagement  at  Hernando,  Miss. 
— .  Attack  of  the  Confederates  on  the 

Union  troops  at  Fayetteville,  Ark. 

19.  Engagement  at  Cold  water,  Miss. 

20.  Engagement  at  Patterson,  Mo. 

— .  Capture  of  Bute  La  Rose,  La.,  by 
Union  gunboats. 

23.  Engagement  at  Chuckatuck,  Va. 

24.  Attack  by   Confederate   forces   on 
Union  cavalry  at  Beverly,  W.  Va. 


564 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF  THE   CIVIL    WAR.- 


25.  Engagements  of  Ellet's  Mississippi 
ram  fleet  and  U.  S.  gunboats  with  Con 
federate  batteries  at  Little  Rock  Landing, 
Duck  River  Shoal,  Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  Greenland  Gap, 
W.  Va. 

26.  Attack     by     Confederates,*    under 
General    Marmaduke,    on    the    town   of 
Cape  Girardeau,  Mo. 

27  to  May  3.  Expedition  of  Union 
troops,  under  Colonel  Streight,  from 
Tuscumbia,  Ala.,  to  Rome,  Ga. 

27  to  May  7.  General  Stoneman's  raid, 
with  Cavalry  Corps  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  through  Virginia. 

28.  Engagement  at  Dover  Road,  N.  C. 
— .  Engagement  at  Town  Creek,  Ala. 

29.  Capture  of  Fairmount,  W.  Va.,  by 
Confederate  forces. 

— .  Admiral  Porter's  fleet  attacks  the 
Confederate  batteries  at  Grand  Gulf, 
Miss. 

—  and  30.  Engagement  of  the  ist  Corps, 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  at  Fitzhugh's 
Crossing,  Rappahannock  River,  Va. 

30  to  May  i.  Fights  at  Chalk  Bluff  and 
St.  Francis  River,  Mo. 

— .  Fights  at  Day's  Gap,  Sand  Mount 
ain,  and  Black  Warrior  Creek,  Ala., 
between  Colonel  Streight 's  forces  and 
Confederates  under  General  Forrest. 

MAY. 

i.  Battle  at  Port  Gibson,  Miss. — at 
tack  of  1 3th  Corps  and  i7th  Corps,  under 
General  McClernand,  on  Thompson's  Hill 
and  Magnolia  Hills. 

i  to  4.  Battle  of  Chancellorsville,  Va., 
including  Fredericksburg,  Salem  Heights, 
and  Marye's  Heights. 

— .  Engagement  at  Monticello,  Ky. 

3.  Engagement  at  Nansemond  River, 
Ga. — Union  troops  assisted  by  gunboat. 

— .  Action  at  Blount's  Farm,  Ala. 

— .  Grand    Gulf,    Miss.,   occupied    by 
Union  forces  under  Admiral  Porter. 
6.  Engagement  at  Tupelo,  Miss. 

— .  Army  of  the  Potomac,  under  Gen 
eral  Hooker,  withdrawn  from  Fredericks- 


burg  to  the  north  bank  of  the  Rappahan 
nock  River. 

8.  Union  gunboats  and  mortar-schoon 
ers  commence  attack  on  Confederate  bat 
teries  at  Port  Hudson,  Miss. 

10.  Engagement  at  Civique's  Ferry,  La. 
— .  Confederate  General  T.  J.  Jackson 

(Stonewall)  died,  at  Gunner's  Station,  of 
wounds  received  in  the  battle  of  Chancel 
lorsville,  Va. 

11.  Engagement    at   Horseshoe   Bend, 
Ky. 

12.  Engagement  of  the  1 7th  Army  Corps 
under  General  McPherson,  at  Raymond, 
Miss. 

13.  Capture  of  Yazoo  City,  Miss.,  by 
Union  gunboats. 

14.  Capture  of  Jackson,  Miss.,  by  the 
1 5th  and  I7th  Army  Corps,  General  Grant 's 
command ;  General  Jos.  E.  Johnston  com 
manding  Confederates. 

15.  Engagement  at  Camp  Moore,  La. 

1 6.  Engagement    at   Champion   Hills, 
Miss. — Baker's  Creek  and  Edward's  Sta 
tion;  1 3th  Corps  and  i7th  Corps,  General 
Grant's    command,    General    Pemberton 
commanding  Confederates. 

17.  Engagement   at  Big  Black  River, 
Miss. 

18  to  July  4.  Siege  of  Vicksburg — first 
assault,  May  19 ;  second  assault,  22 ; 
surrender,  July  4 ;  General  Grant  com 
manding  Union  troops,  Admiral  Porter 
the  Mississippi  fleet,  and  General  Pem 
berton  the  Confederates. 

20.  Engagement  at  Fort  Gibson  and 
Fort  Blount,  Indian  Ty. 

23.  Engagement  at  Beaver  Dam  Lake, 
Miss. 

27  to  July  9.  Siege  of  Port  Hudson,  La., 
by  General  Banks'  army,  and  Admiral 
Farragut's  fleet,  General  Frank  Gardner 
commanding  the  Confederates. 

27.  Cavalry  action  at  Florence,  Ala. 

28.  Engagement  at  Bushy  Creek,  Mo. 
(Little  Black  River.) 

29.  Engagement      at     Mechanicsville, 
Miss.,  by  a  portion  of  the  I7th  corps  un 
der  General  Blair. 

31.  Engagement  at  Rochefort,  Mo. 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


565 


JUNE. 

4.  Cavalry  action  at  Clinton,  La. 

— .  Engagement  at  Mechanicsburg 
and  Sartoria,  Miss. 

— .  Confederate  General  Forrest  attacks 
the  Union  forces  at  Franklin,  Tenn. 

5.  Engagement  at   Franklin's  Cross 
ing,  Rappahannock  River,  Va. 

6.  Attack     by     Confederate    General 
Wheeler's   cavalry  on   Union  cavalry  at 
Murfreesboro,  Tenn. 

-  to  8.  Battle  of  Milliken's  Bend,  La. 
9.  Engagement  at  Fort  Lyons,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Monticello  and 
Rocky  Gap,  Ky. 

— .  Cavalry  battle  at  Beverly  Ford  and 
Brandy  Station,  Generals  Pleasanton  and 
John  Buford  commanding  the  Union  cav 
alry,  and  General  Jeb.  Stuart  the  Confed 
erates. 

12.  Attack  on  Union  troops  at  Berry  - 
ville,  Va. 

13  to  15.  Battle  of  Winchester,  Va.; 
Union  troops  commanded  by  General 
Milroy,  Confederates  by  General  Ewell. 

14.  Occupation  of  Martinsburg,  Va.,  by 
Confederate  forces. 

— .  Occupation  of  Hagerstown — second 
invasion  of  Maryland  by  Lee's  army. 

15.  Attack    on    Confederate    forces    at 
Richmond,   Miss.,    by  General   Mower's 
brigade  and  General  Ellet's  Mississippi 
marine  brigade. 

— .  Chambersburg,  Penn.,  sacked  by 
Confederate  cavalry  under  General  Jen 
kins. 

1 6.  Engagement  at  Triplett's  Bridge, 
Fleming  County,  Ky. 

— .  Fight  at  Jornada  del  Muerto,  N.  M. 

17.  Cavalry  action   at  Aldie,  Va.,   be 
tween  the  Union   command  of    General 
Kilpatrick  and  the  Confederate  command 
of  General  Jeb.  Stuart. 

— .  Capture  of  the  Confederate  ironclad 
Atlanta,  Captain  Wm.  A.  Webb,  by  U.  S. 
monitor  Weehawken,  Captain  John  Rod- 
gers,  in  Warsaw  Sound,  Ga. 


1 8.  Engagement  at  Rocky  Crossing, 
Tallahatchee  River,  Miss. 

— .  Engagement  at  Jackson  Cross 
Roads,  La. 

— .  Fight  with  Indians  at  Pawnee  Res 
ervation,  Neb. 

20.  Engagement  and  capture  of  U.  S. 
forces  at  Fernando,  Miss. 

— .  Occupation  of  Frederick,  Md.,  by 
Confederate  forces. 

— .  Engagement  at  La  Fourche  Cross 
ing,  or  Thibodeaux,  La. 

21.  Cavalry  fight  at  Upperville,  Va. 

23.  Engagement   and   capture  of  Bra- 
shear  City,  La.,  by  Confederate  forces. 

23  to  30.  General  Rosecrans  from  Mur 
freesboro  to  Tullahomo,  Tenn. 

24.  Occupation  of  Shippensburg,  Penn., 
by  Confederate  forces. 

— .  Engagement  at  Middleton,  Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  Hoover's  Gap, 
Tenn. 

— .  Occupation  of  McConnellsburg, 
Pa. ,  by  Confederate  forces. 

25.  Engagement  at  Liberty  Gap,  Tenn. 

26.  Engagement   at  South  Anna,  near 
Hanover  Court  House,  Va. 

. — .  Engagement  at  Baltimore  Cross 
Roads,  Va. 

27.  Engagement  at  Fairfax,  Va. 

— .  Occupation  of  Carlisle,  Pa.,  by 
Confederate  forces. 

28.  Attack  by  Confederates  on  Union 
forces  at  Donaldsonville,  La. 

— .  General  Meade  assumes  command 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

— .  Surrender  of  Mechanicsburg,  Pa., 
to  Confederate  forces. 

— .  Engagement  at  Rover,  Tenn. 

29.  Engagement    at    McConnellsburg, 
Pa. 

— .  Engagement  at  Westminster,  Md. 

30.  Engagement  at  Sporting  Hill,  near 
Harrisburg,  Penn. 

— .  Cavalry  fight  at  Hanover,  Pa., 
between  the  Union  command  of  General 
Pleasanton  and  the  Confederate  forces  of 
General  Jeb.  Stuart. 

— .  Engagement  at  Bayou  Tensas,  La. 


566 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


\_i86j 


JULY. 

i  to  3.  Battle  of  Gettysburg  ;  Union 
forces  commanded  by  General  Meade, 
Confederates  by  General  Robert  E.  Lee. 

i  to  2.  Engagement  at  Black  River, 
Miss. 

i  to  2.  Engagement  at  Cabin  Creek, 
Indian  Ty. 

i  to  26.  Confederate  raid  of  General 
John  Morgan  into  Kentucky,  Indiana, 
and  Ohio. 

2.  Engagement  of  cavalry,   Army  of 
the  Cumberland,  at  Elk  River,  Tenn. 

— .  Attack  on  Union  troops  at  Beverlv, 
Va. 

3.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Fairfield, 
Pa. 

4.  Engagement   at  University  Place, 
Tenn. 

4-5.  Battle  at  Big  Black  River,  Miss. 

4.  Surrender  of  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  and 

its  Confederate  garrison,  to  General  Grant. 

— .  Battle  at  Helena,  Ark. 

— .  Capture  of  Confederate  train  and 
engagement  at  Monterey  Gap  and  Smiths- 
burg,  Md.,  by  the  3d  cavalry  division  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

— .  Attack  on  Union  troops  at  Lebanon, 
Ky. 

6.  Engagement    at     Quaker    Bridge, 
N.  C. 

— .  Cavalry  fight  at  Williamsport,  Md. 

7.  Fight  with  Ute  Indians  at  Grand 
Pass,  Fort  Halleck,  Idaho  Ty. 

— .  Indian  fight  at  Redwood  Creek,  Cal. 

8.  Cavalry  action  at  Boonsboro,  Md., 
between  General  John  Buford's  command 
and  that  of  Confederate  General  Stuart. 

9.  Surrender  of  Port  Hudson,  La.,  and 
its  garrison,   to   the  Army  of  the   Gulf, 
General  Banks  commanding. 

9-16.  Siege  of  Jackson,  Miss. 

10  to  September  16.  Siege  of  Fort  Wag 
ner,  S.  C.,  by  troops  of  the  Department  of 
the  South,  General  Quincy  A.  Gillmore 
commanding,  and  U.  S.  fleet,  Admiral 
Dahlgren. 

— .  Salem,  Ind.,  sacked  by  Confederates 
under  General  John  Morgan. 


10.  Unsuccessful  assault  of  Union  troops 
on  Fort  Wagner,  Charleston  harbor,  S.  C. 

11.  Cavalry  action  at  Hagerstown,  Md. 
— .  Destruction  of  depot  and  bridge  at 

Vienna,    Ind.,    by    Confederate    cavalry 
under  General  John  Morgan. 

12.  Fight  with  Morgan's  men  at  Ver- 
non,  Ind. 

13.  Capture  of  Yazoo  City,  Miss.,   by 
General    Herron's    division   and    Union 
gunboats. 

— .  Cavalry  fight  at  Jackson,  Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  Donaldsonville,  La., 
Union  forces  comprising  portions  of  Gen 
erals  Wietzel's  and  Graver's  divisions, 
1 9th  Army  Corps. 

— .  Bombardment  of  Williamston,  N.  C., 
on  the  Roanoke  River. 

13-16.  Draft  riots  in  New  York  city. 

15.  Cavalry  action  at  Halltown,  Va. 

1 6.  General   Parke,   gih   Army  Corps, 
repulses  attack  on  his  forces  at  Jackson, 
Miss. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Sheppards- 
town,  Va. 

— .  Attack  on  Union  troops,  commanded 
by  General  Terry,  at  Secessionville,  James 
Island,  S.  C. 

17.  Battle  of  Honey  Springs,  Elk  Creek, 
Indian  Ty. 

1 8.  Indian  fight  at  Rio  Hondo,  N.  M. 
— .  Second  unsuccessful  assault  on  Fort 

Wagner,  S.  C. 

— .  Capture  and  destruction  by  Union 
forces  of  Wytheville,  W.  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Canton,  Miss. 

19.  Capture  of  Morgan 's  raiders  at  Buf- 
fington  Island,  Ohio. 

21.  Cavalry  action  at  Manassas  Gap, 
Va. 

21-22.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Chester 
Gap,  Va. 

22.  Indian   fight    at   Concha   Springs, 
N.  M. 

23.  Engagement  of  3d  Army  Corps  with 
Confederate  forces  at  Wapping  Heights, 
Va. 

24.  Fight  of  Minnesota  volunteer  regi 
ments  with  Sioux  Indians  at  Big  Mound, 
Dak. 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


567 


25.  Capture,  by  U.  S.  steamer  Iroquois, 
of  Confederate  steamers  Merrirnac  and 
Lizzie,  off  Wilmington,  N.  C. 

26.  Surrender  of  the  Confederate  Gen 
eral  John  Morgan  and  the  remainder  of 
his  forces,  at  New  Lisbon,  Ohio. 

— .  Fight  with  Sioux  Indians  at  Dead 
Buffalo  Lake,  Dak. 

28.  Fight  with  Sioux  Indians  at  Stony 
Lake,   Dak. 

29.  Attack  by  Confederate  forces,  com 
manded  by  General   Pegram,    on  Union 
troops  at  Paris,  Ky. 

30.  Fight  with  Sioux  Indians  at  Mis 
souri  River,  Dak. 

31.  Capture  of  the  Confederate  steamer 
Kate  by  U.  S.  steamer  Iroquois  off  Charles 
ton  harbor,  S.  C. 

AUGUST. 

i.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Rappahan- 
nock  Station,  Va. 

3.  Engagement  at  Jackson,  La.,  be 
tween  brigade  of  U.  S.  colored  troops  and 
Confederates. 

5.  Attack  on  U.  S.  gunboats  at  Dutch 
Gap,  James  River,  Va. 

9.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Sparta, 
Tenn. 

13.  Engagement  at  Grenada,  Miss. 

14.  Action  at  West  Point,  White  House, 
Ark. 

1 6.  Capture    of    Confederate     steamer 
Cronstadt  by  U.  S.  gunboat  Rhode  Island, 
off  coast  of  North  Carolina. 

17.  Bombardment  of  Fort  Sumter  com 
menced    by  siege  and  naval  shore  bat 
teries  and  U.  S.  ironclad    fleet,    General 
Quincy  A.  Gillmore  commanding  Union 
land   forces   and   Admiral  Dahlgren  the 
fleet. 

1 8.  Indian  fight  at  the  Pueblo  of  Colo 
rado  in  New  Mexico. 

21.  Lawrence,  Kas.,  sacked  and  burned 
by  Quantrell's  guerrillas. 

— .  Bombardment  of  Chattanooga, 
Tenn.,  by  the  artillery  of  General  Rose- 
crans'  army. 


22.  Capture  of  U.  S.  gunboats  Satellite 
and   Reliance,    in   Rappahannock   River, 
Va.,  by  Confederate  forces  under  Lieuten 
ant-Commander  Wood,  Confederate  States 
Navy. 

23.  Bombardment  of  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C., 
by  U.  S.  steam-frigate  Minnesota. 

24.  Cavalry     engagement     in      King 
George  County,  Va. 

26.  Engagement  at  Perryville,  Ark. 

— .  Engagement  at  Rocky  Gap,  Va. 
(White  Sulphur  Springs). 

27.  Battle  at  Bayou  Metoe,  Ark. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Hanover, 
Ala. 

31.  Engagement  at  Arkansas. 

SEPTEMBER. 

i.  Engagement  at  Devil's  Backbone, 
Ark.  (Fort  Smith  and  Cotton  Gap). 

3.  Fight  with  Sioux  Indians  at  White 
Stone  Hill,  Dak. 

4.  Occupation  of  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  by 
Union  forces  under  General  Burnside. 

— .  Bread  riot  in  Mobile,  Ala. 

5.  Engagement  at  Limestone  Station, 
Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  Moorefield,  W.  Va. 

— .  Bombardment  of  forts  Wagner  and 
Gregg,  Charleston  harbor,  by  U.  S.  iron 
clads  and  batteries. 

6.  Cavalry    engagement     at    Brandy 
Station,  Va.,  between   General   Custer's 
command  and  that  of  Confederate  Gen 
eral  Stuart. 

7.  Bombardment    of    Fort    Moultrie, 
Charleston  harbor,  S.  C.,  by  U.  S.  iron 
clads. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Ashley's 
Mills,  Ark. 

8.  Unsuccessful  night  attack  on  Fort 
Sumter  by  sailors   and   marines  of  Ad 
miral  Dahlgren 's  fleet. 

— .  Capture  of  U.  S.  gunboats  Clifton 
and  Sachem,  at  Sabine  Pass,  La. 

9.  Surrender  by  Confederate  forces  of 
Cumberland  Gap,  Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  Telford,  Tenn. 


568 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


\i863 


9.  Fight  at  Weber's  Falls,  Indian  Ty. 

10.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Graysville, 
Ga. 

— .  Capture  of  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  by 
Union  forces. 

11.  Engagement  at  Ringgold,  Ga. 

12.  Engagement   at  Sterling's  Planta 
tion,  La. 

— .  Engagement  at  Paris,  Tenn. 
— .  Cavalry  fight  at   Culpeper  Court 
house,  Va. 

13.  Engagement    at    Lett's    tan -yard, 
near  Ch'ickamauga,  Tenn. 

14.  Cavalry  engagement    at    Rapidan 
Station,  Va. 

15.  Cavalry  fight  at  Hendricks,  Miss. 
— .  Proclamation   issued  by  President 

Lincoln,  suspending  the  writ  of  habeas 
corpus  in  certain  cases. 

19-21.  Battle  of  Chickamauga,  Ga. ; 
General  Rosecrans  commanding  Union 
army,  General  Bragg  the  Confederate 
forces. 

21.  Cavalry  action  at  Bristol,  Tenn. 
— .  Cavalry  action  at  White's  Ford,  Va. 

22.  Cavalry    engagement    at    Carter's 
Station,  Tenn. 

— .  Cavalry  action  at  Blountsville, 
Tenn. 

— .  Cavalry  fight  at  Rockville,  Md. 

24.  Engagement  at  Zollicoffer,  Tenn. 

26.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Calhoun, 
Tenn. 

28.  Engagement  at  McMinnville,  Tenn. 

29.  Engagement    at    Sterling's    farm, 
near  Morganzia,  La. 

OCTOBER. 

2.  Engagement  at  Anderson's  Cross 
Roads,  Tenn. 

3.  Engagement    at  Thompson   Cove, 
Tenn. 

5.  Engagement  at  Blue  Springs,  Tenn. 

7.  Engagement  at  Shelbyville  Pike, 
near  Farmington,  Tenn. 

8.  Engagement  at  Charlestown,  Va. 
— .  Engagement  at  Salem,  Miss. 

9.  Cavalry    action    at    Sugar    Creek, 
Tenn. 


10.  Cavalry  fight  at  Rapidan,  Va. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Ingraham  's 
plantation,  Miss. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  James  Cit}-, 
Va.,  between  3d  Cavalry  Division  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  and  Confederate 
cavalry  forces  of  General  Jeb.  Stuart. 

— .  Engagement  at  Blue  Springs,  Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  Vermilion  Bavou, 
La. 

11.  Cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the  Ohio 
engaged  at  Rheatown,  Tenn. 

— .  Fight  of  5th  Indiana  Cavalry  with 

Confederates  at  Henderson's  Mill,  Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  Colliersville,  Tenn. 

12.  Engagement  of  2d  cavalry  division, 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  with   Confederate 
forces  at  Jefferston,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Ingham's  Mills,  near 
Byhalia,  Miss. 

12-13.  Cavalry  fight  at  Culpeper  and 
Warrenton,  White  Sulphur  Springs,  Va. 

12-13.  Engagement  at  Merrill's  Cross 
ing,  Mo. 

13.  Cavalry  action  at  W3'att,  Miss. 

— .  Engagement  of  cavalry,  Army  of 
the  Cumberland,  at  Maysville,  Ala. 

13-14.  Engagement  of  cavalry,  Army 
of  the  Ohio,  at  Blountsville,  Tenn. 

14.  Battle  at  Bristol   Station,  Va.— 2d 
corps,  5th  Corps,  and  2d  Cavalry  Division, 
Army   of   the    Potomac,    engaged    with 
Confederates  under  General  A.  P.  Hill. 

— .  Engagement  at  Auburn,  Va. 
— .  Engagement  at  Salt  Lick,  Va. 

15.  Engagement  and  capture,  by  i5th 
and  1 7th  corps  under  General  McPherson, 
of  Canton,  Miss. 

— .  Engagement  at  McLean's  Ford, 
Liberty  Mills,  Va. 

17.  Engagement  at  Clinton,  Miss.,  b}' 
detachments  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee 
under  General  McPherson. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Rapidan, 
Va. 

1 8.  Engagement  at  Berrysville,  Va. 

19.  Cavalry  action  at  Buckland  Mills, 
Va. 

20.  Engagement    at    Barton     Station, 
Miss. 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


569 


20-22.  Engagement  at  Philadelphia, 
Tenn. 

21.  Engagement  at  Cherokee  Station, 
Ala. 

— .  Engagement  and  occupation  of 
Opelousas,  La.,  by  General  Franklin's 
division  of  the  Army  of  the  Gulf. 

25.  Engagement  at  Pine  Bluff,  Ark. 

26.  Engagement   at   Cane  Creek,  Ala. 
(or  Tuscumbia),    by   General  Osterhaus' 
division,  I5th  Army  Corps,  General  S.  D. 
Lee  commanding  Confederates. 

27.  Attack  by  General  W.  F.  Smith  on 
Confederate  General   Longstreet's  forces 
at  Brown's  Ferry,  Tenn. 

— .  Battle  of  Wauhatchie,  Tenn. — nth 
and  1 2th  Army  Corps,  General  Hooker 
commanding;  Confederates  under  Gen 
eral  Longstreet. 

28-29.  Engagement  at  Lookout  Creek, 
General  O.  O.  Howard  commanding  Union 
forces. 

28.  Engagement    at    Leiper's     Ferry, 
Tenn. 

29.  Engagement  at  Cherokee  Station, 
Ala. 

NOVEMBER. 

3.  Action  at  Grand  Coteau,  La. 

4.  Engagement      at      Lawrenceburg, 
Tenn. 

5.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Mill  Point, 
W.  Va. 

6.  Engagement  at  Rogersville,  Tenn. 

7.  Battle    at   Droop    Mountain,    Va. ; 
General     Averell      commanding     Union 
forces,  and  generals  Echols  and  Jenkins 
the  Confederates. 

7.  Engagement  at  Kelly's  Ford,  Va. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Stevens- 
burg,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Rappahannock  Sta 
tion,  Va. 

— .  Cavalry  fight  at  Muddy  Run,  Cul- 
peper,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Bayou  Sara,  Miss. 

14.  Engagement  at  Huff's  Ferry,  Tenn. 

15.  Engagement    at   Holston's   River, 
near  Knoxville,  Tenn. 


16.  Engagement  at  Campbell's  Station, 
Tenn.,  between  the  forces  of  General 
Burnside  and  those  of  General  Long- 
street. 

17  to  December  4.  Siege  of  Knoxville, 
Tenn.,  by  Confederate  forces  under  Gen 
eral  Longsteeet. 

— .  Engagement  and  capture,  by  Union 
forces  under  General  Banks,  of  Mustang 
Island,  near  Aranzas  Pass,  Tex. 

23-26.  Battles  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 
(including  Orchard  Knob,  Lookout 
Mountain,  and  Missionary  Ridge);  Gen 
eral  Grant  commanding  the  Union  Army 
and  General  Bragg  the  Confederate. 

26.  Engagement  at  Sparta,  Tenn. 

— .  Engagement  at  Warm  Springs, 
N.  C. 

— .  Engagement  at  Kingston,  Tenn. 
26-28.   Operations  at  Mine  Run,  Va. 

27.  Engagements  at  Ringgold,  Grays- 
ville,  Peavine  Creek,  and  Taylor's  Ridge, 
Ga.;    General    Jo.   Hooker  commanding 
Union  troops,   and   General   Hardee  the 
Confederate. 

— .  Engagement  at  Cleveland,  Tenn. 

27-29.  Destruction,  by  Confederates, 
and  occupation  of  Fort  Esperanza,  Tex., 
by  Union  forces  under  General  Wash- 
burne. 

29.  Assault,  by  Confederate  forces,  on 
Fort  Sanders,  Knoxville,  Tenn. 

DECEMBER. 

1.  Engagement  at  Ripley,  Miss. 

2.  Confederate     cavalry     attack     on 
Union  forces   at  Walker's  Ford,   Clinch 
River,  W.  Va. 

4.  Cavalry  fight  at  Moscow  Station, 
Miss. 

6.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Clinch 
Mountain,  Tenn, 

— .  U.  S.  ironclad  foundered  at  the  en 
trance  to  Charleston  harbor,  S.  C.,  during 
a  storm. 

8.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Princeton, 
Ark. 

— .  President  Lincoln  appends  an  Am 
nesty  Proclamation  to  his  Message. 


570 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


[.1863-4 


8.  The  National  House  of  Representa 
tives  pass  unanimously  a  vote  of  thanks 
to  General  U.  S.  Grant  and  his  army,  and 
order  that  a  medal  be  struck  in  his  honor, 
in  the  name  of  the  people  of  the  United 
States. 

10.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Morris- 
town,  Tenn. 

12.  Engagement  at  Lewisburg,  Tenn. 

1 6.  Engagement  at  Blain  's  Cross  Roads, 
Tenn. 

17.  Engagement  at  Rodney,  Miss. 

18.  Engagement  at  Indian  Town,  N.  C. 
— .  Engagement  at  Fort  Gibson,  Ark. 
24.  Cavalry  action  at  Bolivar  and  Sum- 

merville,  Tenn. 

26.  Engagement  at  Port  Gibson,  Miss. 

27-28.  Cavalry  actions  at  Colliersville, 
Tenn. 

29.  Battle    of    Talbot's    Station     and 
Mossy  Creek,  Tenn. 

29  and  30.  Engagement  at  Matagorda 
Bay,  Tex. 

30.  Engagement  at  Greenville,  N.  C. 

JANUARY,  1864. 

i.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Rectors- 
town,  Va. 

4.  Fight  with  Navajo  Indians  at  Fort 
Sumner,  N.  Mex. 

16-17.  Attack  on  Union  troops  at  Dan- 
dridge,  Tenn. 

17.  Cavalry  fight  at  Lewisburg,  Ark. 

20.  Engagement  at  Island  No.  76,  Miss. 

— .  Engagement  at  Tracy  City,  Tenn. 

24.  Cavalry  action  at  Baker  Springs, 
Caddo  Gap,  Ark. 

— .  Engagement  at  Tazewell,  Tenn. 

26.  Engagement  at  Florence,  Ala. 

27.  Engagement   of   cavalry   division, 
Army  of  the  Ohio,  with  Confederate  cav 
alry  at  Fair  Gardens,  Tenn. 

— .  Attack  on  Union  troops  at  Scott's 
Mills  Roads,  Tenn. 

28.  Capture  of  Confederate  cavalry  at 
Tunnel   Hill,  Ga.,  by  i4th  Army  Corps. 

— .  Engagement  at  Oregon  Mountains, 
ist  California  Cavalry. 


29.  Engagement  at  Medley,  near  Will- 
iamsport,  W.  Va. 

— .  Fight  with  Indians,  Canon  de 
Chelly,  N.  M.  Colonel  Kit  Carson,  ist 
New  Mexico  Volunteers,  commanding. 

FEBRUARY. 

1 .  President  Lincoln  orders  a  draft  of 
500,000  more  men,  to  serve  for  three  years, 
or  during  the  war. 

— .  Engagement  at  Bachelor's  Creek, 
N.  C.,  between  the  forces  of  General 
Palmer  and  the  Confederates  under  Gen 
eral  Pickett. 

— .  Engagement  at  Smithfield,  Va. 

2.  Engagement  at  Newport  Barracks, 
N.  C. 

3.  Engagement  at  Satartia,  Miss. 

— .  Engagement  at  Liverpool  Heights, 
Miss. 

— .  Engagement  at  New  Berne,  N.  C., 
between  the  forces  of  General  Foster  and 
those  of  Confederate  General  Pickett. 

— .  Cavalry  actions  between  forces 
under  General  Averell  and  those  of  Con 
federate  General  Rosser  at  Patterson 
Creek  and  Springfield,  W.  Va. 

3  to  March  5.  Expedition  from  Yicks- 
burg  to  Meridian,  Miss.,  General  W.  T. 
Sherman  commanding. 

4;  Engagement   at   Big  Black  River, 

Miss.     General  McPherson,    i7th   Army 

Corps,    commanding   Union   forces,    and 

General  Stephen  D.  Lee  the  Confederates. 

— .  Engagement  at  Moorefield,  \V.  Va. 

5.  Engagement  at  Clinton  and  Jack 
son,  Miss. 

7.  Attack  on  Union  garrison  at  Vida- 
lia,  La. 

9.  Escape  of  Colonel  Streight  and  108 
other  Union  officers  from  Libby  Prison, 
Richmond,  Va.,  48  recaptured. 

— .  Engagement  at  Morgan's  Mills, 
Spring  River,  White  County,  Ark. 

9-10.  Engagement  at  Barber's  Place, 
South  Fork,  St.  Mary's  River,  Fla. 

10-25.  General  W.  S.  Smith's  raids  from 
Germantown,  Tenn.,  co-operating  with 
Sherman's  expedition  to  Meridian,  Miss. 


1864} 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


571 


12.  Engagement  at  Chunky  Station, 
Miss. 

14.  Occupation  of  Meridian,  Miss.,  by 
Union  forces  under  General  Sherman. 

1 6.  Engagement  of  gun-boats  at  Grant 
Pass,  Mobile,  Ala. 

1 7.  Destruction  of  the  U.  S.  steam  sloop- 
of-war  Housatonic  by  torpedo  in  Charles 
ton  harbor,  S.  C. 

20.  Battle  of  Olustee,  Fla. 

22.  Engagement  at  Powell's  River 
Bridge,  Tenn. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Okalona 
and  Mount  Ivy,  Miss. 

— .  Attack  on  Union  troops  at  Dranes- 
ville,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Luna  Landing,  Ark. 

25-27.  Engagements  at  Buzzard  Roost 
and  Tunnel  Hill,  Rocky  Face  Ridge,  Ga.. 
by  4th  and  i4th  Army  Corps  and  Cavalry 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  with 
the  Confederate  forces  under  General 
Wheeler. 

25.  Bombardment  of  Fort  Powell, 
Mobile  Bay,  Ala. 

28  to  March  4.  Kilpatrick's  raid  with 
division  of  cavalry,  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
from  Stevensburg  to  Richmond,  Va. 

28.  Engagement  at  Dukedom,  Ky. 

MARCH. 

1.  General    Custer's   cavalry  engage 
ment  at  Stanardsville  and  Burton's  Ford, 
Rapidan,  Va. 

— .  Major-General  U.  S.  Grant  nomi 
nated  to  chief  command  of  the  army, 
with  rank  (specially  created)  of  Lieuten 
ant- General. 

2.  Bombardment  of  Harrisonburg,  La., 
by  Mississippi  squadron,  Admiral  Porter 
commanding. 

4.  Engagement  at  Rodney,  Miss. 
— .  Attack  on   Yazoo   City,    Miss.,    by 
U.  S.  troops. 

— .  Engagement  at  Coleman's,  Miss. 

7.  Capture  by  troops  of  the  Army  of 
the  Tennessee  of  Decatur,  Ala. 

8.  Engagement  of  U.  S.  colored  cavalry 
at  Suffolk,  Va. 


12.  Lieutenant-General  Grant  assigned 
to  command  of  U.  S.  Army. 

— .  Major-General  Halleck  appointed 
Chief  of  Staff  U.  S.  Army. 

— .  Major-General  W.  T.  Sherman  as 
signed  to  command  of  the  Military 
Division  of  the  Mississippi,  comprising 
the  departments  of  Ohio,  the  Cumberland, 
the  Tennessee,  and  the  Arkansas. 

13.  Engagement  at  Carrolton  Store,  Va. 

14.  Capture  of  Fort  De  Rvissy,  La.,  by 
army  forces  under  General  A.  J.  Smith 
and   Mississippi    squadron    of    Admiral 
Porter. 

— .  President  Lincoln  calls  for  200,000 
additional  men  for  army  reserve  and 
navy. 

1 6.  Engagement  at  Fort  Pillow,  Tenn. 

17.  Lieutenant-General  Grant  assumes 
command  of  the  Union  Armies. 

21.  Battle  of  Henderson  Mills  (Bayou 
Rapides),  La.,  General  Mower  command 
ing  Union  troops  and  General  Richard 
Taylor  the  Confederates. 

24.  Confederate    General   Forrest   cap 
tures  the  Union  troops   at  Union  City, 
Ky. 

25.  General  Forrest  makes  an  unsuc 
cessful  attack  on  Fort  Anderson,   Padu- 
cah,  Ky. 

26.  Engagement  at  Longview,  Ark. 
31.  Cavalry  action  at  Natchitoches,  La. 
— .  Red  River  expedition  under  General 

Banks. 

APRIL. 

1 .  Battle  at  Fitzhugh  's  Woods,  Ark. 

2.  Engagement  at  Spoon ville,  Ark. 
— .  Red    River    expedition — Fight   at 

Crump's  Hill,  La. 

— .  Fight  at  Pensacola,  Fla. 

3.  Engagement     at     Okalona,     Ark. 
Steele's  expedition. 

4.  Action  at  Campti,  La.     Red  River 
expedition. 

4-6.  Engagement  of  Steele's  expedi 
tion  at  Elkin's  Ford,  Little  Missouri 
River,  Ark. 

5.  Engagement  at  Roseville,  Ark. 


572 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


[1864 


7.  Engagement    of    cavalry    of    Red 
River  expedition  at  Wilson's  Farm,  La. 

— .  Oregon  cavalry  fight  with  Indians 
at  Harney  Lake  Valley,  Oregon. 

— .  Attack  on  Union  troops  at  Plain's 
Store,  near  Port  Hudson,  La. 

8.  Battle  of  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  La. 

9.  Fight  of  the  cavalry  and  a  division 
of  the   1 9th  Army  Corps,  Red  River  ex 
pedition,  at  Pleasant  Hills,  La. 

10-13.  Steele's  expedition,  battle  at 
Prairie  d'Ann,  Ark. 

12.  Attack  by  Confederate  General  For 
rest  on  Fort  Pillow,  Tenn.,  and  capture  of 
its  garrison  of  U.  S.  colored  troops. 

— .  Fight  with  Indians  at  Fremont's 
Orchard,  near  Denver,  Col. 

1 3.  Engagement  at  Cleveland,  Tenn. 
— .  Fight  of  Kentucky  Volunteers   at 

Paintsville,  Ky. 

1 6.  Engagement  at  Scullyville,  Indian 
TV- 

1 7-20.  Engagement  at  Plymouth,  N.  C., 
participated  in  by  troops  and  gun-boats. 

1 8.  Action    at    Poison    Springs,    near 
Camden,  Ark. 
•    19.  Cavalry  fight  at  Natchitoches,  La. 

21.  Engagement  at  Cotton  Plant,  Cache 
River,  Ark. 

23.  Red  River  expedition — Engage 
ment  at  Monetis  Bluff,  Cane  River,  La. 

23-24.  Engagement  of  portions  of  1 3th, 
1 7th,  and  igth  Army  Corps,  Red  River 
expedition,  at  Cloutersville,  La. 

25.  Cavalry  action  at  Wautauga  Bridge, 
Carter's  Station,  Tenn. 

— .  Steele's  campaign.  Capture  of 
wagon -train  by  Confederate  forces. 

26.  Engagement    at    Red    River,    La. 
Union  gun-boats   Cricket  and  Fort  Hind- 
man,  commanded  by  Admiral  Porter. 

— .  Engagement  at  Moro  Creek,  Ark. 
— .  Engagement  at  Alexandria,  La. 

29.  Engagement  at  Princeton,  Ark. 

30.  Attack  on  General  Banks'  Army, 
Red  River  expedition,  at  Jenkins'  Ferry, 
Saline  River,  Ark. 


MAY. 

1.  Cavalry  action  at  Hudnot's  Planta 
tion,  La. 

2.  Engagement  at  Memphis,  Tenn. 
— .  Engagement   at  Governor  Moore's 

Plantation,  La. 

3.  Engagement     at    Bolivar,     Tenn., 
between  cavalry  forces  of  General  Sttirgis 
and  those  of  Confederate  General    For 
rest. 

— .  Engagement  of  cavalry  of  the  Army 
of  the  Cumberland  at  Red  Clay,  Ga. 

4.  Engagement  of  California  Volun 
teers  at  Doubtful  Canon,  Arizona. 

4-12.  General  Kautz's  cavalry  raid 
from  Suffolk  to  City  Point,  Va. 

4-13.  Yazoo  City,  Miss.,  expedition. 

5.  Unsuccessful  attempt  by  U.  S.  gun 
boats   to   destroy    the   Confederate    ram 
Albemarle  in  Roanoke  River,  N.  C. 

— .  Attack  on  Union  forces  at  Dunn's 
Bayou,  Red  River,  La. 

— .  Engagement  of  cavalry  division, 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  at  Wall  Bridge, 
Va. 

— .  Cavalry  action  at  Thoroughfare 
Gap,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Craig's  Meeting 
House,  Va.,  of  cavalry  division,  Army  of 
the  Potomac.' 

5-7.  Battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Va., 
between  the  Union  Army  under  General 
Grant  and  the  Confederate  forces  of  Gen 
eral  Lee. 

5-9.  Engagements  between  General 
W.  T.  Sherman's  army  and  Confederate 
army  of  General  Jos.  E.  Johnston  at 
Rocky  Face  Ridge,  Ga. 

5  to  September  8.  Campaign  in  North 
ern  Georgia,  Chattanooga  to  Atlanta,  Ga., 
Annies  of  the  Cumberland,  Tennessee, 
and  Ohio. 

5.  Evacuation  by  Confederate  forces  of 
Petersburg,  Va. 

6.  Engagement  at  Princeton,  W.  Ya. 

6-7.  Destmction  of  Richmond  &  Pe 
tersburg  Railroad  by  portions  of  loth 
and  1 8th  Corps,  Army  of  the  James. 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


573 


7.  Engagement  at  Tunnel   Hill,  Ga., 
of  4th  Corps  and  cavalry,  Army  of  the 
Cumberland,    General    Geo.  H.  Thomas 
commanding  U.  S.  forces. 

— .  Engagement  at  Mill  Creek  and 
Dug  Springs,  Ga.,  of  2oth  Army  Corps. 

— .  Kautz's  raid — Action  at  Stoney 
Creek  Station,  Weldon  Railroad,  Va. 

8.  Cavalry  fight  atTodd's  Tavern,  Va. 
8-1 8.  Battles  at  Spottsylvania  Court 
house,  Va. 

8.  Occupation     by    Union    forces    of 
Fredericksburg,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  of  4th  Corps  and  cav 
alry,  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  at  Buz 
zard's  Roost  Gap,  Ga.,  General  Stanley 
commanding  Union  forces. 

— .  Engagement  at  Snake  Gap,  Ga., 
1 5th  Corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  Gen 
eral  McPherson  commanding. 

9.  Capture  by  23d  Corps  of  Dalton, 
Ga. 

9-13.  General  Sheridan's  raid  with  Cav 
alry  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  through 
Confederate  lines. 

9.  Kautz's  raid — Action  at  Jarrett's 
Station,  Weldon  Railroad,  Va. 

— .  Kautz's  raid — Action  at  White's 
Bridge,  Nottaway  Creek,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  of  ist  Cavalry  Divi 
sion,  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  at  Var- 
nell's  Station,  Ga. 

9-10.  Engagements  of  loth  and  i8th 
Corps,  Army  of  the  James,  at  Swift 
Creek,  Va. 

9-10.  Engagement  at  Cloyd's  Moun 
tain  and  New  River  Bridge,  Va. 

9-10.  Engagements  at  Cove  Mountain, 
Wytheville,  Grassy  Lick,  Va. 

9.  Sheridan's  raid  —  Destruction  of 
Beaver  Dam  Station,  North  Anna,  Va., 
by  ist  Division,  Cavalry  Corps,  Army  of 
the  Potomac. 

11.  Cavalry  action  at  Yellow  Tavern, 
near  Richmond,  General  Sheridan  com 
manding    Union     forces ;     General    Jeb. 
Stuart,    commanding    the   Confederates, 
killed  in  action. 

12.  Engagement  at  Vaughn,  Miss. 


12-16.  Engagements  of  loth  and  i8th 
Corps  at  Fort  Darling,  Drewry's  Bluff, 
Va.,  General  Butler  commanding  Union 
forces,  and  General  Beauregard  the  Con 
federates. 

12-17.  Kautz's  raid  with  the  cavalry  of 
the  Army  of  the  James  on  the  Petersburg 
&  Lynchburg  Railroad,  Va. 

12.  Cavalry    engagement    (Sheridan's 
raid)  at  Meadow  Bridge,  Chickahominy 
River,  Va. 

13-16.  Battles  at  Resaca,  Ga.,  between 
the  armies  of  General  W.  T.  Sherman  and 
General  Jos.  E.  Johnston. 

1 3 .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Tilton ,  Tenn . 
14-16.  Red    River  expedition — Action 

at  Mansura,  La. 

15.  Battle  at  New  Market,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Ley's  Ferry,  Ga. 
— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Tanner's 
Bridge,  near  Rome,  Ga. 

1 6.  Engagement  of  i6th  Corps,  Army 
of  the  Tennessee,  at  Rome  Cross  Roads, 
Ga. 

— .  Indian  fight  at  Smoky  Hill,  Col. 

16-20.  Battles  of  the  loth  and  i8th 
Corps,  Army  of  the  James,  at  Bermuda 
Hundred,  Va. 

1 6.  Cavalry  action  at  Belcher's  Mills, 
Va. 

17-18.  Engagement  of  4th  Corps,  Army 
of  the  Cumberland,  at  Adairsville,  Ga. 

— .  Engagement  at  Madison  Station, 
Ala. 

1 8.  Occupation  of  Rome,  Ga.,  by  Union 
troops  under  General  McPherson. 

— .  Occupation  of  Kingston,  Ga.,  by 
General  Sherman. 

— .  Attack  on  Union  forces  (Red  River 
expedition)  at  Bayou  de  Glaize. 

— .  Indian  fight  at  Crooked  River, 
Oregon. 

19-22.  Engagement  of  2oth  Corps, 
Army  of  the  Cumberland,  at  Cassville, 
Ga. 

23-27.  Engagements  between  the  ar 
mies  of  Generals  Grant  and  Lee  at  North 
Anna  River,  Va. 

24.  Attack  at  Holly  Springs,  Miss. 


574 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


\i86j 


24.  Attack  on  Union  forces  at  Kings 
ton,  Ga. 

— .  Engagement  at  Wilson's  Wharf 
Landing,  Va. 

25  to  June  4.  Engagement  at  Dallas, 
Ga.,  between  the  Union  forces,  under  the 
command  of  General  Jo.  Hooker,  and  the 
Confederates  under  General  Hardee. 

26.  Engagement  of  the  cavalry  of  the 
Army    of   the    Cumberland    at    Burned 
Church,  Ga. 

26-27.  Cavalry  and  infantry  engage 
ments  at  Decatur,  Courtland  Road,  Ala. 

27.  Fight  at  San   Carlos  River,   Cal., 
between  California  Volunteers   and  Ind 
ians. 

— .  Engagement  of  Cavalry  Corps, 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  at  Hanoverton,  Pa- 
munkey  River,  Va. 

28.  Battle  at  Dallas,  Ga.,  General  Sher 
man  commanding  Union  forces,  and  Gen 
eral  Longstreet  the  Confederates. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Hawes' 
Shop,  Tolopotomy  Creek,  Va. 

28-29.  Engagement  at  Moulton,  Ala. 

29-31.  Engagement  near  Tolopotomy, 
Va.,  participated  in  by  the  2d  and  5th 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

30.  Engagement  at  Hanover  Court 
house,  Va.,  Ashland, Va.,  and  Old  Church, 
Va.,  by  the  Cavalry  Corps,  Army  of  the 
Potomac. 

JUNE. 

1-12.  Battles  of  Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  and 
vicinity  by  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and 
1 8th  Corps  of  the  Army  of  the  James, 
under  Generals  Grant  and  Meade,  with 
the  Confederate  Army  of  General  Robert 
E.  Lee. 

2.  Occupation  of  Bermuda  Hundred, 
Va.,  by  the  loth  Army  Corps.1 

— .  Cavalry  Corps  engagements  at 
Gaines'  Mills,  Va.,  Salem  Church,  Va., 
and  Hawes'  Shop,  Va. 

3.  Engagement  at  Panther  Gap,  W.Va., 
General  Hayes  commanding  Union  forces. 

3-4.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Ackworth, 
Ga. 


5.  Battle  at  Piedmont,  Va. 

6.  Engagement  at  Buffalo  Gap,  W.  Va. 
— .  Engagement  of  i6th  Army  Corps 

at  Lake  Chicot,  Ark. 

7.  Engagement  at  Ripley,  Miss.    Cav 
alry  advance    of   General  Sturgis'   com 
mand. 

9-30.  Battles  at  Kenesaw  Mountain, 
participated  in  by  the  4th,  i4th,  and  2oth 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  J5th, 
1 6th,  and  i7th  Corps,  Army  of  the  Ten 
nessee  ;  23d  Corps,  Army  of  the  Ohio. 

9.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Mount 
Sterling,  Ky. 

lo-n. —  Engagement  at  Lexington, 
W.  Va. 

10.  Engagement    at    Petersburg,  Va. ; 
cavalry  commanded   by   General    Kautz 
and  a  portion  of  the  loth  Corps,  Arm 3-  of 
the  James. 

— .  Battle  at  Brice's  Cross  Roads,  near 
Guntown,  Miss.,  General  Sturgis  com 
manding  Union  forces  and  General  Kirby 
Smith  the  Confederates. 

11.  Morgan's   attack    on   Union  forces 
at  Cynthiana,  Ky. 

11-12.  Engagement  at  Trevellian  Sta 
tion,  Central  Railroad,  Va. 

12.  Engagement     at     McAfee's    Cross 
Roads,  La. 

13.  Engagement  at  White  Oak  Swamp 
Bridge,  Charles  City  Cross  Roads,  Va. — 
Sheridan 's  Cavalry  Corps  and  5th  Army 
Corps. 

14.  Action  at  Pine  Mountain,  Ga. 

— .  Engagement  at  Buchanan,  near 
Lexington,  Va. 

15.  Engagement   at   Samaria   Church, 
Malvern  Hill,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Baylor's  Farm,  Va.; 
loth  Corps,  Army  of  the  James. 

— .  Siege  of  Petersburg,  Va.  (June  15- 
April  2,  1865). 

1 5-19.  Battles  (includes  Baylor's  Farm, 
Walthal,  and  Weir  Bottom  Church)  at 
Petersburg,  Va.;  participated  in  by  loth 
and  1 8th  Corps,  Army  of  the  James  ;  2d, 
5th,  6th,  and  gth  Corps,  Army  of  the 
Potomac ;  Generals  Grant  and  Meade 


1864} 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


575 


commanding  the  Union  forces,  and  Gen 
eral  Lee  the  Confederate. 

1 6.  Engagement  at  Otter  Creek,  near 
Liberty,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  of  2oth  Corps,  near 
Golgotha,  Ga. 

17-18.  Engagement  near  Lynchburg, 
Va. 

19.  Naval  engagement  off  Cherbourg, 
France,  between  the  U.  S.  steamer  Kear- 
sarge,  Captain  Winslow,  and  the  Confed 
erate   States   steamer  Alabama,  Captain 
Semmes,  resulting  in  the  sinking  of  the 
Alabama. 

20.  Engagement  at  White  House,  Va. 
— .  Engagement  near  Liberty,  Va. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement,  Army  of  the 
Cumberland,  at  Lattemore  Mills,  Noon 
day  Creek,  Ga. 

21.  Cavalry     engagement,     Army     of 
West  Virginia,  at  Salem,  Va. 

— .  Naval  engagement  in  James  River, 
near  Dutch  Gap. 

22-30.  Wilson's  raid  with  cavalry  of 
the  Army  of  the  James,  and  3d  division 
cavalry,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  on  Weldon 
Railroad,  Va. 

22-23.  Engagement  near  Weldon  Rail 
road,  Va.,  between  2d  and  6th  Army 
Corps  and  ist  division,  5th  Corps,  under 
General  Meade,  and  Confederate  forces, 
commanded  by  General  Lee. 

23.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Nottoway 
Court  House,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Jones 'Bridge,  Va. 

24.  Cavalry   engagement    at    Samaria 
Church,  Va. 

25-29.  Engagements  at  Clarendon,  St. 
Charles  River,  Ark. 

27.  General  assault  on  Kenesaw  Moun 
tain,  Ga.,  participated  in  by  the  Army  of 
the  Cumberland,  Army  of  the  Tennessee, 
and  Army  of  the  Ohio. 

30.  The  U.  S.  steamer  Hunchback,  Com 
mander  E.  T.  Nichols,  and  the  monitor 
Saugus,  Commander  E.  R.  Calhoun,  en 
gage  the  batteries  at  Four  Mile  Creek,  Va. 


JULY. 

1-31.  Engagements  in  front  of  Peters 
burg,  Va. 

2.  Engagement     at     Fort    Johnson, 
James  Island,  S.  C. 

2-5.  Engagements  of  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland  and  the  Army  of  the  Ten 
nessee  at  Nickajack  Creek,  Ga.,  Generals 
Geo.  H.  Thomas  and  McPherson  com 
manding  the  Union  forces,  and  General 
Jos.  E.  Johnston  the  Confederates. 

3.  Engagement  at  Hammack's  Mills, 
North  River,  W.  Va. 

4.  Engagement  at  Point  Rocks,  Md. 
4-5.  Engagement  at  Coleman's  planta 
tion,  near  Port  Gibson,  Miss. 

4-7.  Attacks  on  Bolivar  and  Maryland 
Heights,  Va. 

5.  Invasion  of  Maryland,  and  occupa 
tion    of    Hagerstown,     by    Confederate 
forces  under  General  Early. 

6-10.  Engagements  of  the  armies  of 
the  Ohio,  Tennessee,  and  Cumberland,  at 
Chattahoochee  River,  Ga. 

6.  Action   at   Hagar's  Mountain  and 
Middleton,  Md. 

7.  Engagement  at  Clinton,  Miss. 

— .  Engagement  at  Canton  Road,  Miss. 

— .  Action  at  Soloman's  Gap,  Freder 
ick  City,  Md. 

9.  Battle  of  Monocacy,  Md.;  General 
Lewis  Wallace  commanding  the  Union 
forces,  and  General  Jubal  Early  the  Con 
federates. 

11.  Occupation  of  Pontotoc,  Miss.,  by 
Union  forces. 

12.  Confederate  General  Early  attacks 
Fort  Stevens,  Washington  city,  D.  C. 

— .  Engagement  at  Lee's  Mills,  near 
Reams'  Station,  Va. 

13-15.  Battles  at  Tupelo,  Miss.  (In 
cludes  actions  at  Harrisburg  and  Old 
Town  Creek,  Miss.) 

17.  Engagement  at  Snicker's  Gap,  Va. 

— .  General  Hood  assigned  to  the  com 
mand  of  the  Confederate  armies  in  Ten 
nessee  by  order  of  the  Confederate 
authorities,  relieving  General  Jos.  E. 
Johnston. 


576 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


[1864 


18.  President  Lincoln  calls  for  500,000 
additional  volunteers. 

19.  Engagement  at  Darksville,  Va. 

20.  Battle  of  General  Averell's  Cavalry 
Division,   Army  of  West  Virginia,  with 
the  Confederate  forces  of  General  Early  at 
Winchester,  Va. 

— .  Battle  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumber 
land,  General  Sherman  commanding, 
with  Confederate  troops  under  General 
Hood,  at  Peach  Tree  Creek,  Ga. 

21.  Engagement  at  Deep  Bottom,  Va.; 
ist  Division,  loth    Corps,   Army  of  the 
James. 

22.  Battle  at  Atlanta,  Ga.;  Hood's  first 
sortie. 

23.  Engagement  at  Kernstown,  Va. 

24.  Battle  of  Winchester,  Va. 

25.  Engagement  at  Wallace's   Ferry, 
Big  Creek,  Ark. 

26-31.  General  Stoneman's  raid  with 
the  cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumber 
land,  to  Macon,  Ga. 

26-31.  General  McCook's  cavalry  raid 
to  Lovejoy  Station,  Ga.,  and  destruction 
of  railway. 

27-28.  Engagements  of  cavalry  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  and  Army  of  the 
James,  under  General  Sheridan,  at  Deep 
Bottom,  New  Market,  and  Malvern  Hill, 
Va. 

28.  Indian    fight    at    Tah-kah-o-kuty, 
Dak. 

— .  Action  of  a  portion  of  the  igth 
Army  Corps  near  the  Atchafalaya  River, 
La. 

— .  Battle  at  Ezra  Chapel,  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Hood's  second  sortie. 

— .  McCook's  raid  to  Campbelltown,  Ga. 

— .  Stoneman's  raid  to  Flatshoals,  Ga. 

28  to  September  2.  Siege  of  Atlanta,  Ga. 

29.  Engagement  of  Pennsylvania  cav 
alry  regiments  at  Clear  Springs,  Md. 

30.  Mine  explosion  at  Petersburg,  Va., 
and  repulse  of  assault  of  Union  troops. 

— .  Chambersburg,  Pa.,  sacked  and 
burned  by  Confederate  troops. 


AUGUST. 

1-31.  Fights  near  the  trenches  before 
Petersburg,  Va. 

1.  Engagement    of    General    Kelly's 
command  at  Cumberland,  Md. 

2.  Engagement  at  Osceola,  Ark. 

5.  Naval  engagement  in  Mobile  Bay, 
Ala.  U.  S.  fleet,  Admiral  Farragut  com 
manding,  engages  Forts  Gaines  and  Mor 
gan,  captures  in  action  the  Confederate 
ironclad  Tennessee  and  the  other  vessels 
of  Confederate  Admiral  Buchanan's  com 
mand. 

5-6.  Engagements  of  the  armies  of  the 
Cumberland,  Tennessee,  and  Ohio,  at 
Utoy  Creek,  Ga. 

5.  Engagement  of  cavalry,   Army  of 
the  Cumberland,  at  Decatur,  Ga. 

6.  Action  at  Plaquemine,  La. 

8.  Surrender  of  Fort  Gaines,  Mobile 
Bay,  Ala. 

— .  Engagement  with  Indians  at  Two 
Hills,  Bad  Lands,  Little  Missouri  River, 
Dak. 

12.  Engagement  of  the  i6th  Army 
Corps  at  Abbeville  and  Oxford,  Miss. 

14.  Engagement  of  cavalry  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  at  Gravel  Hill,  Ga. 

14-18.  Battles  at  Strawberry  Plains, 
Deep  Bottom  Run,  Va. 

15.  Engagement  at  Fisher's  Hill,  near 
Strasburg,  Va. 

1 6.  Cavalry    engagement    at   Crooked 
Run,  near  Front  Royal,  Va. 

17.  Occupation,  by  Confederate  forces, 
of  Winchester,  Va. 

1 8.  19,  and  20.     Engagements   at   Six 
Mile  House,   Weldon  Railroad,  Va.,  be 
tween     Union     troops,     under     General 
Warren,    and    Confederate    forces    com 
manded  by  General  George  E.  Pickett. 

1 8.  Engagement  at  Fairburn,  Ga. — 
cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland. 

— .  Cavalry  and  artillery  fight  at  De 
catur,  Ala. 

18-22.  Kilpatrick's  raid  on  the  Atlanta 
Railroad,  Ga. 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


21.  Engagements  at  Summit  Point, 
Va.,  including  Berryville  and  Flowing 
Springs. 

— .  Forrest 's  Confederate  cavalry  make 
a  raid  on  Memphis,  Tenn. 

21-22.  Engagement  at  College  Hill, 
Miss. 

23.  Bombardment    of    Fort     Morgan, 
Mobile  Bay,  Ala.,  by  U.  S.  naval  forces. 

— .  Engagement  at  Abbeville,  Miss. 

24.  Engagement    at   Halltown,    Va. — 
portion    of    8th    Corps,    Army    of    the 
Shenandoah. 

24-25.  Engagement  at  Bermuda  Hun 
dred,  Va. 

25.  Engagements    at    Smithfield    and 
Shepherdstown,  Va. ,  cavalry  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac. 

— .  Engagementat  Reams'  Station,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Conee  Creek,  Clin 
ton,  La. ,  cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the  Gulf. 

— .  Indian  fight  at  Sacramento  Moun 
tain,  N.  M.,  New  Mexico  cavalry. 

26-27.  Engagement  at  Halltown,  Va., 
8th  Corps,  Army  of  West  Virginia. 

27-28.  Engagement  at  Holly  Springs, 
Miss. 

29-30.  Engagements  at  Arthur's 
Swamp,  Va. ,  cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac. 

3 1  to  September  i .  Battle  of  Jonesboro, 
Ga.,  between  the  Union  forces  under 
General  Sherman  and  the  Confederates 
under  General  Hood. 

SEPTEMBER. 

2.  Occupation  of  Atlanta,  Ga.,  by 
General  Sherman's  army. 

2-6.  Engagement  of  the  4th  Corps 
and  23d  Corps  at  Lovejoy  Station,  Ga. 

2.  Cavalry  affair  near  Big  Shanty,  Ga. 

3-4.  Engagements  at  Berryville,  Va., 
cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  8th 
and  i gth  Army  Corps. 

4.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Dranesville, 
Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Greenville,  Tenn.; 
death  of  General  Morgan,  the  Confederate 
commander. 
2M 


10.  Capture  of  Fort  Hell,  Jerusalem 
Plank  Road,  Va. 

17.  Engagement  at  Sycamore  Church, 
Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Fairfax  Station,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Belcher's  Mills, 
between  General  Kautz's  cavalry  of  the 
Army  of  the  James,  'General  Gregg's 
cavalry,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  Gen 
eral  Wade  Hampton's  Confederate  cavalry. 

18.  Engagement  at  Martinsburg,  Va., 
cavalry  of  tlie  Army  of  West  Virginia. 

19.  Battle    of    Opequon,    Winchester, 
Va.,  General  Sheridan  commanding  the 
Union  army  and  General  Early  the  Con 
federate. 

— .  Engagement  at  Cabin  Creek,  Indian 
Ty. 

21.  Engagement  at  Front  Royal  Pike, 
Va.,  cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

22.  Battle   of  Fisher's    Hill,    Va.,  be 
tween  the  army  of  General  Sheridan  and 
that  of  General  Early. 

23.  Confederate  forces   under  General 
Forrest    attack    the   Union    garrison   at 
Athens,  Ala. 

24.  Engagement  at  Luray,  Va.,  Gen 
eral  Torbert's  cavalry  division,  Army  of 
the  Potomac. 

— .  Engagement  at  Bull's  Gap,  Tenn. 
24-28.  Confederate  General  Price's  in 
vasion  of  Missouri. 

25.  Capture,    by   General    Forrest,   of 
Union     garrison     at     Sulphur    Branch, 
Trestle,  Ala. 

26.  Attack  on  Union  cavalry  at  Brown's 
Gap,  Va. 

27.  Engagement  at  Weyer's  Cave,  'Va. 
cavalry  division,  Army  of  West  Virginia. 

— .  Cavalry  action  at  Pulaski,  Tenn.; 
General  Rosseau  commanding  the  Union 
troops,  and  General  Forrest  the  Confed 
erate. 

— .  Engagement  at  Carter's  Station, 
Watauga  River,  Tenn. 

— .  Fight  with  Indians  at  Fort  Rice, 
Dak. 

28-30.  Engagements  at  New  Market 
Heights,  Va.  (Chapin's  Farm,  Laurel 


578 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


Hill,  forts  Harrison  and  Gilmore),  par 
ticipated  in  by  the  loth  and  iSth  Corps 
and  cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the  James, 
tinder  command  of  General  Ord. 

28.  Engagement  at  Fort  Sedgwick, 
Jerusalem  Plank  Road,  Va.;  3d  Division, 
9th  Corps. 

30  to  October  i.  Engagement  at  Pre- 
ble's  Farm,  Poplar  Springs  Church,  Va., 
ist  Division,  5th  Corps,  and  2d  Division, 
9th  Corps,  General  Warren  commanding. 

30  to  October  i.  Engagements  at  Ar 
thur's  Swamp,  2d  Cavalry  Division  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

OCTOBER. 

1.  Engagement  at  Clinch  Mountain, 

Ky. 

— .  Engagement  at  Franklin,  Mo. 

— .  Engagement  at  Laurel  Gap,  Ky. 

1-5.  Engagements  at  Yellow  Tavern, 
Weldon  Railroad,  Va.,  3d  Division,  2d 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

1-3.  Engagements  at  Sweet  Water, 
Noses,  and  Powder  Spring  creeks,  Gen 
eral  Kilpatrick's  cavalry,  Army  of  the 
Cumberland. 

2.  Cavalry   engagement   at   Waynes- 
boro,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Saltville,  Va.,  cav 
alry  and  mounted  infantry  under  com 
mand  of  General  Burbridge. 

5.  Engagement  at  Jackson,  La. 

— .  Attack  by  Confederate  forces  on 
garrison  at  Allatoona,  Ga.,  General  Corse 
commanding. 

6.  Engagement  at  Florence,  Ala. 

— .  Price's  invasion  of  Missouri.  En 
gagement  at  Price's  Place,  Osage  River, 
Cole  County,  Mo. 

7.  Engagement  at  New  Market,  Va., 
3d  Cavalry  Division  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac. 

— .  Engagement  at  Darbytown  Road, 
near  New  Market  Heights,  Va. —  loth 
Corps  and  cavalry  of  the  Arm}-  of  the 
James. 


7.  Price's  invasion  of  Missouri.  En 
gagement  at  Moreau  Bottom,  near  Jeffer 
son  City,  Mo. 

9.  Cavalry  engagements  between  Gen 
eral  Sheridan's  command  and  that  of 
Confederate  General  Rosser,  at  Tom's 
Brook,  Strasburg,  and  Woodstock,  Va. 
(Fisher's  Hill). 

9- 1 1 .  Price 's  invasion  of  Missouri — en 
gagements  at  Boonsville  and  California, 
Mo.  ' 

ii.  Engagement  at  Narrows,  Ga.,  Gar- 
rard's  cavalry  division,  Army  of  the 
Cumberland. 

13.  Engagement     at    Strasburg,    Va., 
1 9th  Corps  and  Army  of  West  Virginia. 

14.  Engagement  at  Darbytown  Road, 
Va. — loth   Corps  and  cavalry,   Army  of 
the  James,  General  Terry  commanding. 

15.  Price's  invasion  of  Missouri — Cap 
ture  of  Glasgow,  Mo.,  and  its  garrison  of 
Union  troops. 

1 8.  Engagement     at     Pierce's     Point, 
Blackwater,  Fla. 

19.  Occupation  by  Price's  Confederate 
forces  of  Lexington,  Mo. 

— .  Battle  at  Cedar  Creek  (Middletown), 
Va.,  between  the  Union  forces  under 
General  Sheridan  and  the  Confederate 
Army  of  General  Early. 

20.  Engagement  at  Little  River,  Tenn. 

21.  Engagement  at  Little  Blue,  Mo.,  of 
the  command  of  General  Curtis  and  that 
of  the  Confederate  General  Price. 

22.  Engagement  at  Independence,  Mo., 
General  Pleasanton  commanding  Union 
forces. 

23.  Engagement   at   Hurricane  Creek, 
Miss. 

— .  Engagements  at  Westport,  Mo. 

24.  Cavalry  action  at  Cold  Water  Grove, 
Osage,  Mo. 

26-29.  Attack  by  Confederate  forces 
under  General  Hood  on  Union  garrison  at 
Decatur,  Ala. 

26.  Battle  at  Mine  Creek,  Mo.,  Maria 
des  Cygnes,  and  Little  Osage  River, 
Kas. ;  Union  forces  commanded  by  Gen 
eral  Pleasanton.  Pursuit  of  Price's  forces. 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


579 


27.  Engagement    at    Hatcher's    Run, 
Southside   Railroad,   Va.,    Army   of   the 
Potomac. 

27-28.  Battle  at  Fair  Oaks,  Va.,  near 
Richmond,  Army  of  the  James. 

• 

28-30.  Engagement  at  Newtonia,  Mo. ; 
pursuit  of  Price's  forces,  Arm}'  of  the 
Border. 

28.  Engagement    of  Union    gunboats 
with  Fort  Haiman,  Tenn. 

— .  Destruction  of  Confederate  ironclad 
Albemarle  by  steam-launch  with  torpedo, 
under  command  of  Lieutenant  Wm.  B. 
Gushing,  U.  S.  Navy. 

29.  Cavalr}-  engagement  at  Morristown, 
Tenn. 

30.  Engagement  at  Mussel  Shoals,  Rac 
coon   Ford,  Ala.,   cavalry,  Arm}-   of  the 
Cumberland. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Ladiga, 
Terrapin  Creek,  Ala. 

31.  Action    at   Plymouth,    N.   C.  —en 
gagement  of  U.  S.   gunboats  with  Con 
federate  batteries. 

NOVEMBER. 

i.  Engagement  at  Black  River,  La., 
U.  S.  colored  cavalry. 

4.  Engagement  atjohnsonville,  Tenn. 
•5.  Engagement  at  Big  Pigeon,  Tenn. 
— .  Engagement  of  the  2d  Army  Corps 
at  Fort  vSedgwick,  Va. 

8.  Engagement  at  Atlanta,    Ga.,    2d 
Division,  2oth  Army  Corps. 

9.  Cavalry   engagement   of  Army  of 
the  Cumberland  at  Shoal  Creek,  Ala. 

12.  Cavalry  engagements  at  Newtown, 
Ninevah,  and  Cedar  Springs,  Va. 

13.  Cavalry  and  artillery  engagement 
at  Bull's  Gap,   Morristown,  Tenn.,  Gen 
eral  Gillem   commanding   Union   forces, 
General  Breckenridge  the  Confederates. 

14-28.  Engagements  at  Cow  Creek, 
Ark. 

16.  Engagement  at  Lovejoy  Station, 
Ga.,  cavalry,  Army  of  the  Cumberland. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  Bear  Creek 
Station,  Ga. 


19.  Engagement  at  Bayou  La  Fouche, 
La. 

20.  Engagement  at  Macon,  Ga. 

2 1 .  Cavalry  and  artillery  action  at  Lib 
erty  and  Jackson,  La. 

— .  Engagement  and  occupation  of 
Gordon,  Ga.,  by  Union  troops  under  Gen 
eral  Howard. 

22.  Engagement  at  Griswoldville,  Ga. 
— .   Cavalry  fight  at  Rood's  Hill,  Va., 

between  the  forces  of  Generals  Custer  and 
Rosser. 

24.  Engagements  at  Campbellville  and 
Lynnville,  Tenn. 

24-28.  Engagements  and  occupation  by 
Confederate  forces  under  General  Hood  of 
Columbia,  Tenn. 

25.  Fight  at  Pawnee's  Fork,  Kansas, 
Colorado  cavalry. 

— .  Fight  of  New  Mexico  cavalry  at 
St.  Vrain's  Old  Fort,  N.  M. 

26.  Engagement    and    occupation    by 
Union   forces   under  General  Slocum  of 
Sandersville,  Ga. 

27.  Engagement   at   Big   Black   River 
Bridge,  Mississippi  Central  Railroad. 

27-29.  Cavalry  engagements  at 
Waynesboro,  Thomas  Station,  and  Buck 
Head  Creek,  Ga. 

28.  Surprise  and  capture  of  Fort  Kelly, 
New  Creek,  W.  Va.,  by  Confederate  forces 
under  General  Rosser. 

— .  Attack  and  capture,  by  Confeder 
ates,  of  Shelbyville,  Tenn. 

— .  Bombardment,  by  Confederate  bat 
teries,  of  Fort  Brady  and  Dutch  Gap,  Va. 

29.  Attack  on  Union  forces  at  Spring 
Hill,  Tenn. 

— .  Fight  of  Colorado  cavalry  with 
Indians  at  Big  Sandy,  Col. 

30.  Battle  at  Franklin,  Tenn.,  between 
the  Union  forces  under  General  Schofield 
and   the   Confederate    army   of    General 
Hood. 

— .  Battle  at  Honey  Hill,  Broad  River, 
S.  C.,  between  the  Union  forces  under 
General  Foster  and  the  Confederates, 
General  Gustavus  W,  Smith. 


580 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS   OF   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


[1864-5 


DECEMBER. 

i.  Cavalry  fight  at  Stoney  Creek  Sta 
tion  and  Duvall's  Mills,  Weldon  Rail 
road,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  at  Yazoo,  Miss, 

1-14.  Actions  in  front  of  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  between  Union  forces  under  Gen 
eral  Geo.  H.  Thomas  and  Confederates, 
General  Hood  commanding. 

— .  Engagement  at  Miller  Grove,  Ga. 

3 .  Engagement  at  Thomas  Station ,  Ga . 

4.  Fight  at  Coosa  River,  S.  C. 

— .  Engagement  at  Overall's  Creek, 
Tenn. 

— .  Cavalry  fight  at  Waynesboro  and 
Brier  Creek,  Ga.,  between  the  forces  of 
generals  Kilpatrick  and  Wheeler. 

6-9.  Engagement  at  Deveaux  Neck, 
S.  C.  (Tillafinney  River,  Mason's  Ridge, 
and  Gregory's  Farm). 

7.  Engagement  at  Murfreesboro, 
Tenn.,  General  Milroy  commanding  Union 
forces. 

— .  Engagement  at  Ebenezer  Creek, 
Cypress  Swamp,  Ga. 

7-11.  Weldon  Railroad  expedition, 
General  Warren  commanding  Union 
forces. 

8-9.  Reconnoissanceto  Hatcher's  Run, 
Va. 

8-28.  Cavalry  raid  to  Gordonsville, 
Va. 

9.  Attack  of  Colorado  cavalry,  Colonel 
Chivington  commanding,   on  Indians  at 
Sand  Creek,  near  Fort  Lyons,  Indian  Ty. 
— .  Engagement    at   Cuyler's   Planta 
tion,  Monteith  Swamp,  Va. 

10.  Action  at  Hatcher's  Run,  Va. 
12-21.  Stoneman's  raid  from  Bean  Sta 
tion,  Tenn.,  to  Saltville,  Ga. 

13.  Assault  and  capture  of   Fort  Mc 
Allister,  Ga.,  by  2d  Division,  i5th  Corps, 
Sherman 's  army,  and  under  command  of 
General  Haven. 

14.  Engagement  at  Bristol,  Tenn. 

15-16.  Battle  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Gen 
eral  Geo.  H.  Thomas  commanding  Union 
forces,  and  General  Hood  the  Con 
federates. 


1 6.  Cavalry  engagement   at   Hopkins- 
ville,  Ky. 

17.  Engagement  at  Hollow  Tree  Gap, 
Tenn.,  cavalry  of  General  Thomas'  army. 

— .  Engagement  at  Franklin,  Tenn., 
division  of  cavalry  under  command  of 
General  Hatch. 

18.  Engagement  at  Franklin's  Creek, 
Miss. 

19.  President  Lincoln  calls  for  300,000 
additional  troops. 

21.  Occupation  of  Savannah,  Ga.,  by 
General  Sherman's  army. 

23.  Engagement  of  cavalry  near  Gor 
donsville,  Va. 

23-25.  Unsuccessful  attack  on  Fort 
Fisher,  N.  C.,  by  North  Atlantic  squad 
ron  under  Admiral  Porter,  and  Army  of 
the  James  under  General  Butler,  Con 
federate  forces  commanded  by  General 
Whiting. 

25.  Cavalry  actions  at  Pulaski,  L,amb's 
Ferry,  Anthony's  Hill,  and  Sugar  Creek, 
Tenn. 

27.  Engagement  at  Decatur,  Ala.,  Gen 
eral  Steadman  commanding  Union  forces. 

28.  Engagement     at     Egypt    Station, 
Miss. 

29.  Engagement  at  Pond  Springs,  Ala. 

JANUARY,    1865. 

i.  Wreck  of  U.  S.  steamer  San  Jacinto 
on  Bahama  Banks. 

3.  Action  at  Thorn  Hill,  Ala. 
7.  Fight  of  Iowa  Cavalry  with    Ind 
ians  at  Julesburg,  Col. 

13-15.  Bombardment  and  surrender  of 
Fort  Fisher,  N.  C.,  General  Terry  com 
manding  Union  forces,  and  Admiral  Por 
ter  the  U.  S.  fleet. 

14-16.  Engagement  at  Pocotaligo,  S.  C., 
1 7th  Army  Corps. 

14.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Dardanelles, 
Ark. 

17.  Sinking  of  monitor  Potapsco  off 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  by  a  torpedo. 

19.  Engagement  at  Half  Moon  Battery, 
Sugar  Loaf  Hill,  N.  C. 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS   OF   THE   CIl'IL    WAR. 


581 


30.  Engagement  at  White  Point,  S.  C., 
Union    troops    commanded    by   General 
Howard. 

31.  Constitutional  amendment  abolish 
ing  slavery  passed  Congress. 

FEBRUARY. 

3.  Engagement  of  General  Sherman's 

army  at  River's  Bridge,  Salkatchie,  S.  C. 

5-7.  Engagement    of    Army    of   the 

Potomac   at    Dabney's   Mills,    Hatcher's 

Run,  Va. 

9.  Engagement  of  i/th  Army  Corps 
at  Binnaker's  Bridge,  South  Edisto  River, 
S.  C. 

ii.   Cavalry  engagement  at  Blackville, 
S.  C. 

— .   Engagement  at  Sugar  L,oaf  Battery, 
Federal  Point,  N.  C. 

— .  Engagement  at  Aiken,  S.  C. 

15.   Engagement    at   Congaree    River, 
S.  C.,  Army  of  the  Tennessee. 

16-17.  Occupation  of  Columbia,  S.  C., 
by  General  Sherman 's  army. 

17-19.   Capture  of  Fort  Anderson,  N.  C. 

1 8.  Occupation  of  Charleston,    S.    C., 
by  Union  forces. 

19.  Surrender  by  Confederate  forces  of 
forts   Sumter   and  Moultrie    and    Castle 
Pinckney,  Charleston  harbor,  S.  C. 

20.  Engagement  at  Town  Creek,  N.  C. 

21.  Raid  of  Confederate   cavalry  into 
Cumberland,  Md.,  and  capture  of  Union 
generals  Crook  and  Kelly. 

22.  Capture  of  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  by 
naval  forces  under  Admiral  Porter,  and 
Union  forces  under  General  Schofield. 

26.  Engagement  at  Lynch  Creek,  S.  C., 
1 5th  Army  Corps. 

27.  to  March  25.    Raid   of    Sheridan's 
Cavalry  Cores  in  Virginia. 

29.   Cavalry     engagement     at     Mount 
Crawford,  Va. 

MARCH. 

1.  Occupation    of  Staunton,   Va.,    by 
Union  cavalry. 

2.  Cavalry   engagement    at    Clinton, 
La. 


3.   Cavalry  action  at  Waynesboro,  Va. 

6.  Engagement    at    Natural    Bridge, 
Fla. 

7.  Cavalry  fight  at  Rockingham,  N.  C. 
8-10.   Engagements  at  Wilcox's  Bridge, 

Wise's  Fork,  S.  C. 

10.  Engagement     at    Monroe's    Cross 
Roads,  Kinston,  N.  C. 

— .  Engagement  of  Kilpatrick's  cav 
alry  at  Fayetteville,  N.  C. 

11.  Battle  at  Kinston,  N.  C. 

13.  Engagement  of  the  i4th  and  i7th 
i  Army  Corps  at  Silver  Run,  Fayetteville, 
N.  C. 

15.  Engagement  at  Taylor's  Hole  Creek, 
Kilpatrick's  cavalry. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  at  South  Anna 
1   River,  Va. 

1 6.  Battle  at  Averysboro,  N.  C.,  Union 
forces  commanded  by  General  Sherman, 
and  Confederates  by  General  Hardee. 

19-21.  Battle  at  Bentonsville,  N.  C., 
between  General  Sherman's  army  and 
that  of  General  Jos.  E.  Johnston. 

20.  to  April  6.  Stoneman's  cavalry  raid 
into  southwestern  Virginia  and  North 
Carolina. 

22.  Wilson's  cavalry  raid  from  Chicka- 
saw,  Ala.,  to  Macon,  Ga. 

24.  Engagement   at   Rerock,    Arizona, 
New  Mexico  Cavalry. 

25.  Capture  by  Confederate  forces,  and 
recapture  by  Union  troops,  of  Fort  Stead- 
man,  Va. 

25-27.  Battles  at  Petersburg,  Va. 

25.  Cavalry  engagement  at  Pine  Barren 
Creek,  Ala. ;  forces  of  General  Steele. 

26.  to  April  9.  Siege  and  occupation  of 
Mobile,  Ala.,  by  Union  forces  under  Gen 
eral  Canby. 

26.  to  April  8.  Siege  of  Spanish  Fort 
and  Fort  Blakely,  Ala. 

29.  Battle  at  Quaker  Road,  Gravelly 
Run,  Va.,  General  Sheridan  commanding. 

— .  Cavalry  engagement  near  Dinwid- 
die,  Va. 

3 1 .  Engagements  at  Boydton  and  White 
Oak  Roads. 


582 


LVPORT.1XT  E VENTS   OF   THE   CIl'IL    WAR. 


31.  Cavalry  corps  engagement  at  Din- 
widdie  Court-house,  Va. 

— .  Wilson's  raid,  Montavallo  and  Six 
Mile  Creek,  Ala. 

APRIL. 

1.  Battle  of  Five  Forks,  Va.     Union 
forces  commanded  by  generals  Sheridan 
and  Warren,  Confederates  by  General  Lee. 

— .  Stoneman's  raid,  Boone,  N.  C. 
— .   Cavalry  engagement  at  Trion,,  Ala. 
— .  Engagement  at  Bogler's  Creek  and 
Plantersville,  Ala. 

2.  Capture  of  Selma,  Ala. 

— .  Assault  and  fall  of  Petersburg,  Va., 
General  Grant  commanding  Union  army, 
and  General  Lee  the  Confederate. 

3.  Engagement   at  Namozin   Church 
and  Willicomack,  Va. 

— .  Evacuation  of  Richmond,  Va.,  by 
Confederate  forces,  and  its  occupation  by 
Union  troops  under  command  of  General 
Weitzel. 

— .  Stoneman  's  raid — capture  of  Salem, 
N.  C. 

6.  Battle  at  Sailors'  Creek,  Va. 

— .  Engagement  of  24th  Corps  at  High 
Bridge,  Appomattox  River,  Va. 

7.  Battle   at  Farmville,  Va.,   General 
Ord  commanding  the  Union  forces. 

8-9.  Engagement  at  Appomattox 
Court  House,  Va. 

9.  Surrender  of  the  Army  of  Northern 
Virginia  (Confederate),  commanded,  by 
General  Robert  E.  Lee,  to  the  armies  of 
the  Potomac  and  the  James,  commanded 
by  General  U.  S.  Grant. 

— .  Assaultand  capture  of  Fort  Blakely, 
Ala. 

10.  Engagement  at  Smnterville,  S.  C. 

— .  Engagement  at  Neuse  River,  N.  C. 

— .  Advance  of  Sherman's  army. 

— .  Engagement  at  Lowndesville,  Ala. 

12-13.  Wilson's  raid — capture  of  Mont 
gomery,  Ala. 

12.  Engagement  and  capture  of  Salis 
bury,  N.  C.  (Stoneman's  raid). 


13.  Engagement  at  Whistler's  Station, 
Ala. 

— .  General  Jos.  E.Johnston  surrenders 
his  forces  to  General  Sherman,  vmder 
certain  stipulated  terms. 

14.  President  Lincoln   assassinated  at 
Washington  city. 

1 8.  Engagement  at  Boykins '  Mills,  S.  C. 

19.  Engagement  at  Swift  Creek,  S.  C. 

21.  Rejection  by  President  Johnson  of 
Sherman's   "basis  of  agreement"  with 
General  Jos.  E.  Johnston. 

22.  Engagement  at  Mum  ford's  Station, 
Blue  Mount,  Ala. 

— .  Engagement  at  Suwano  Gap,  N.C. 

26.  The  final  surrender  of  General  Jos. 

E.  Johnston,  near  Durham  Station,  N.  C. 

MAY. 

4.  Surrender  of  General  Richard  Tay 
lor  and  his  Confederate  command  to 
General  Canby  at  Citronelle,  Ala. 

— .  Surrender  of  Confederate  naval 
forces,  under  Commodore  Farrand,  to 
Admiral  Thatcher,  U.  S.  Navy,  at  Citro 
nelle,  Ala. 

9.  Peace  proclamation  issued  by 
President.  Johnson. 

10.  Capture  of  Jefferson  Davis  at  Ir- 
winsville,  Ga.,  b}-  ist  Wisconsin  and  4th 
Michigan  Cavalry,  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Pritchard  commanding. 

— .  Surrender  of  Confederate  General 
Sam  Jones  at  Tallahassee,  Fla. 

— .  Surrender  of  Confederate  General 
Jefferson  Thompson  at  Chalk  Bluff. 

13.  Engagement  at  Palmetto  Ranch, 
Tex.,  between  Texas  cavalry  under  Con 
federate  General  Slaughter,  and  34th 
Indiana  Volunteers  and  62d  U.  S.  Colored 
Troops,  Colonel  Barrett  commanding. 
This  was  the  last  engagement  of  the  war. 

26.  The  disbandment  of  Confederate 
forces  completed  by  the  formal  surrender 
of  General  Kirby  Smith  and  his  entire 
command  in  Western  Louisiana  and 
Texas. 


OFFICIAL  STATEMENT 


NUMBER  OF  MEN  CALLED  FOR  BY  THE  PRESIDENT 
OF  THE  UNITED  STATES, 


NUMBER  FURNISHED  BY  EACH  STATE,  TERRITORY,  AND 

DISTRICT  OF   COLUMBIA,    FROM   APRIL   15,    1861, 

TO  CLOSE  OF  WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION. 


583 


584 


NUMBER  OF  MEN  CALLED  FOR 


STATEMENT  OF  NUMBER  OF  MEN  CALLED  FOR  BY  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE 

AND  THE   DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA,  FROM  APRIL 


STATES 

AND 

TERRITORIES. 

Call  of  April  15, 
1861,   for  75,000 
militia  for  three 
months. 

Call  of  May  3,  1861  (confirmed  by  act  approved 
August  6,  1861),  and  under  acts"  approved  July 
22  and  25,  1861,  for  500,000  men. 

& 
g 

a 

Men 
furnished. 

3 

o 

0) 

Men  furnished  for  — 

1 

6  mos. 

i  year. 

2  years.   3  years. 

Maine  

780 
780 
780 
1,560 
780 
780 
13,280 

3,123 
12,500 
780 
3,123 
2,340 

10,153 
4,683 
4,683 
780 
780 
780 
780 
3,123 
3,123 

771 

779 

782 

3,736 
3,  H7 
2,402 
I3,9o6 
3,123 
20,175 
775 

900 
4,720 

12,357 
4,686 
4,820 
781 
817 
930 
968 
10,591 

650 

I7,56o 
9,234 
8,950 
34,868 
4,955 
13,057 
109,056 
19,152 
82,825 
3,145 
15,578 
8,497 
1,627 

67,365 
38,832 

47,785 
2i,357 
2i,753 
4,899 
I9,3i6 
3i,544 
27,237 
3,235 

18,104 
8,338 
9,5o8 
32,1/7 
6,286 
10,865 
89,281 

",523 
85,160 
1,826 
9,355 
12,757 
1,795 
83,253 
59,643 
8i,952 
23,546 
25,499 
5,770 
21,987 
22,324 
29,966 
6,953 

18,104 
8,338 
9,5o8 

32,177 
6,286 
10,865 
1  20,  231 

",523 
85,160 
1,826 
9,355 
J2,757 
i,795 
84,116 

6i,34i 
8i,952 
23,546 
25,499 
6,937 
21,987 
25,238 
35,095 
6,953 

New  Hampshire  .... 
Vermont  

Massachusetts  

Rhode  Island  

Connecticut  

New  York  

30,950 

New  Jersey  

Pennsylvania  
Delaware  

Maryland  

West  Virginia  

District  of  Columbia  .  . 
Ohio  

863 
1,698 

Indiana  

Illinois  

Michigan  

Wisconsin  

Minnesota  .... 

1,167 

Iowa  

Missouri    .... 

2,715 

199 
5,129 

.    .    . 

Kentucky  . 

Kansas  

Tennessee  

1,560 
780 
1,560 

Arkansas    

North  Carolina  .... 
California  

i 

Nevada  

Oregon  

Washington  Ter  .  . 

Nebraska  Ter  

9i 

9i 

Colorado  Ter  

Dakota  Ter.  .    .    . 

New  Mexico  Ter.  .    . 

...            ... 

Alabama  

Florida  

Louisiana  

Mississippi  .    .    . 

Texas  

Indian  Nation  .... 

Colored  Troopsf  .... 

Total   .... 

73,391 

91,816 

611,827          2,715 

9,147 

30,950 

657,868    700,680 

*  Furnished  in  November,  1864.        t  Colored  Troops  organized  at  various  stations  in  the  States 


BY  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  U.  S. 


585 


UNITED  STATES,   AND  NUMBER  FURNISHED  BY  EACH  STATE,  TERRITORY, 
15,   1 86 1,  TO  CLOSE  OP  WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION. 


Men  furnished  in  May 
and  June,    1862,  by 
special      authority, 
for  three  months. 

Call  of  July  2,    1862, 
for  300,000  men  for 
three  years. 

Call  of  Aug-ust4,  1862, 
for    300,000    militia 
for  nine  months. 

Men  furnished   under 
President's     procla 
mation   of  June    15, 
1863,   for  militia  for 
six  months.     - 

No  quotas. 

Quota. 

Men 
furnished. 

Quota. 

Men 
furnished. 

No  quotas. 

9,609 
5,053 

19,080 
2,712 
7,145 
59,705 
10,478 

45,  321 
1,720 

8,532 
4,650 
890 
36,858 
21,250 
26,148 
11,686 
11,904 
2,681 
io,57o 
17,269 
14,905 
i,77i 

6,644 
6,390 
4,369 
16,519 
2,742 
9,195 
78,904 
5,499 
30,891 
2,508 
3,586 
4,925 
1,167 

58,325 
30,359 
58,689 
17,656 
H,472 
4,626 
24,438 
28,324 
6,463 
2,936 

9,609 

5,053 
4,898 
19,080 
2,712 
7,H5 
59,705 
10,478 
45,32i 
1,720 
8,532 
4,650 
890 
36,858 
21,250 
26,148 
11,686 
11,904 
2,681 
10,570 
17,269 
14,905 
i,77i 

7,620 
i,736 
4,78i 
16,685 
2,059 
5,602 
1,781 
10,787 
32,215 
i,799 

103 

8,588 

3,/o8 

1,615 
1,148 

337 

2,736 
3,767 

1,723 
4,696 

958 

*3,28i 

....                 1,838 

1,228          .... 

| 



15,007             334,835 

421,465 

334,835             87,588 

16,361 

in  rebellion,  embracing-  all  not  specifically  credited  to  States,  and  which  cannot  be  so  assigned. 


586 


XUMBER  OF  MEN  CALLED  FOR 


STATEMENT  OF  NUMBER  OP  MEN  CAUSED  FOR  BY  THE 


STATES               • 

AND 

TERRITORIES. 

Calls  of  October  17,  1863  (which  em 
braces  men  raised  by  draft  of  1863), 
and  February  i,   1864,  for  500,000 
men  for  three  years. 

Call   of  March    14,    1864,    for 
200,000  men  for  three  years. 

u 

2                          fl)  SD 

o               ^-= 

O)                         .3 

<4-H 

Paid  com 
mutation. 

jjj 

1 

3 

a 

Men 
furnished. 

•r,  •  1 

Paid  com 
mutation. 

ej 

"o 

0) 

Maine  .   . 

11,803       11,958 

6,469           6,406 
5,751         6,726 
26,597       17,711 
3,469         3,223 
7,919         10,326 

81,993       59,839 

16,759           9,187 

64,979       36,723 
2,463         2,138 

10,794           6,244 
5,127           3,988 
4,256           4,570 
51,465         32,809 
32,521          23,023 
46,309          28,818 
19,553          17,686 
19,852          10,389 

5,45i            3.054 
16,097           8,292 

9-813           3,823 
14,471            4,785 

3,523           5,374 

1,986 

1,885 
3,703 
463 

17,672 
1,106 

1,644 
5,o8o 

13-944 
6,977 
8,6li 

21,414 
3,686 
",839 
75,753 

9,187 
54,395 

2,573 

7'3S8 

32^809 
23,023 
28,818 
19,330 
15,469 
3,054 
8,292 
3,823 
4,785 
5,374 

4,721 
2,588 
2,300 
10,639 

I  ,  }SS 
3,  1  68 

32,794 
6,704 

25,993 

•     985 

2!o5i 
1,702 

20,595 
13,008 
18,524 
7,821 

7,941 
2,180 

6,439 
3,925 
5,789 
1,409 

7,042 
2.844 
1,601 
17,322 
1,906 

5.294 
41,940 

9-55° 

652 

9.365 
3,857 
1,142 

1  4',  862 
25,055 
7,344 

10,314 
2,469 

H.579 

6^448 
2,563 

121 
89 
I,6l5 

'2,267 

4.17° 
IO,O46 

951 
2,528 

7,042 
2,965 
1,690 

18,937 
1,906 

5,294 

44,207 

1,6  s 

£1,003 

5,857 

New  Hampshire    .    .    . 
Vermont 

Massachusetts  
Rhode  Island 

Connecticut  

New  York  . 

New  Jersey  

Pennsylvania 

Delaware  

Maryland  

West  Virginia  
District  of  Columbia  .  . 
Ohio        

6,290 

323 
I,O27 

3,241 

1,141 

37,483 

14,862 

25.055 

7,667 

3,496 

11,579 
io,i37 
9,689 
2,563 

Indiana  

Illinois  

Michigan       .    . 

Wisconsin  

Minnesota  

Iowa  

Missouri    

Kentucky  

Kansas 

Arkansas 

North  Carolina 

California 

Nevada  . 

.    .    . 

Oregon 

Colorado  Ter. 

Dakota  Ter 

New  Mexico  Ter 

Alabama 

Florida 

Louisiana 

Indian  Nation 

Total   .    .    . 

467,434        317,092        52,288 

369,  380 

186,981 

259,515 

32,678 

292,193 

*  Furnished  for  three  months.  t  Includes  militia  furnished  for  six  months,  5,679;  for  nine 

ized  at  various  stations  in  the  States  in  rebellion,  embracing  all  not  specifically  credited  to  States, 


BY  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  U.  S. 


587 


PRESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES,  ETC. — CONTINUED. 


Militia  for  one  hun 
dred  days,  mustered 
into  service  between 
April  23  and  July  18, 
1864. 


Call  of  July  1 8,  1864,  for  500,000  men  (reduced  by  excess  of 
credits  on  previous  calls). 


Men 

Men 

furnished 

for— 

°-uota-         furnished. 

i  year. 

2  years. 

3  years. 

4  years. 

Paid  com 
mutation. 

' 

11,116 

8,320 

141 

2,590 

i 

ii 

11,053 


*I6? 

4,648 

I.Q2I 

25 

4  O27 

S  QTS 

2,665 

1,861 

2,081 

ii 

7,071 

4,000               6,809 

12,000               5.640 
760 

21,965 
1,423 
5,583 
77,539 
14,471 

6,990 
1,223 

493 

45,089 
9=87 

108 
196 

20 
2,128 
I   184 

24,641 

891 

10,318 
36,547 

4    777 

24 
74 

2 

5 
ii 

31,739 
2,  7IO 
10,857 

83,843 
I  S  IIQ 

12,000               7,675 
1,297 

49,993 
2,184 
10,947 

44,489 
i,558 
6,198 

433 
246 

10,416 

593 

•2,727 

198 
15 
64 

171 
ii 

55,707 
2,175 
10,266 

2,717 

1,726 

28 

202 

1,956 

30,000             36,254 
20,000    j           7,197 

20,000                    11,328 

2,386 
27,001 
25,662 

21,997 

12  098 

979 
25,43i 
18,099 

12,558 

^   O6O 

597 
535 

^7 

937 
4,644 
7,158 
2,323 

6  J.Q2 

343 

!9 

176 

690 
49 

27 

2,337 
30,999 
26,544 
15,465 

12   ^72 

5,000                2,134 

17,590 

4,018 

10,905 
2,791 

86 
205 

5,832 

2^9 

16 

T. 

16,839 
7,278 

10,000               3,9°! 

5-749 
25,569 

3,995 

7,782 

60 
1,295 

168 
14,430 

67 

4,290 
23,5O7 

441 

9,8/i 

5,060 

2Q 

169 

T. 

10,137 
319 

24 

15,390 
751 

.      .      . 

113,000            .83,612 

357,152 

223,044 

8.340 

153,049 

730 

1,298 

386,461 

months,  2,311;  for  one  year,  1,954 — credited  as  2,174  three  years'  men. 
and  which  cannot  be  so  assigned. 


J  Colored  Troops  organ- 


588 


NUMBER  OF  MEN  CALLED  FOR 


STATEMENT  OF  NUMBER  OF  MEN  CALLED  FOR  BY  THE 


Call  of  December  19,  1864,  for  300,000  men. 


STATKS 


AND 

TERRITORIKS. 

Men 

furnishec 

I  for— 

i  year. 

2  years. 

3  years. 

4  years. 

Paid  com 
mutation. 

Maine  

8,389 

4,080 

141 

1,884 

10 

6  036 

New  Hampshire     .    .    . 
Vermont  

2,072 
1,832 

49* 
962 

9 

20 

775 
550 

28 
q 

1,304 
1,550 

Massachusetts  

1,306 

1,535 

43 

2,349 

2 

3,929 

Rhode  Island  

I.4SQ 

770 

Q2 

1,563 

Connecticut  

34 

7 

1,282 

2 

I,  ^2S 

New  York  

61,076 

9,150 

1,645 

23,321 

67 

13 

34.IQ6 

New  Jersey  

11,695 

6  511 

1,075 

-i.  z.27 

155 

15 

11,283 

Pennsylvania  

46,437 

26,666 

204 

3,903 

,\  j\ 

282 

31,099 

Delaware  

938 

376 

5 

30 

411 

Maryland  

9,142 

3,236 

43O 

1,275 

3 

4,944 

West  Virginia  .  ,   .    .    . 

4,431 

2,114 

8 

415 

2,537 

District  of  Columbia  .  . 
Ohio    

2,222 
26,027 

692 
21,712 

12 

641 

116 
2,214 

2 

i 
13 

823 
24.580 

Indiana      .    .           ... 

22,582 

20,  642 

243 

2,329 

qj. 

23,308 

Illinois  

-?2,9O2 

25,940 

356 

2,022 

6 

28,324 

Michigan  

IO,O26 

6,767 

41 

1,034 

18 

7,860 

Wisconsin  

J  2,  356 

9,666 

15 

240 

i 

9,922 

Minnesota  

3,636 

2,689 

12 

68 

2 

2,771 

Iowa  .  .    . 

772 

15 

67 

-SS)- 

Missouri  

13,984 

3,  161 

44 

1,002 

4,207 

Kentucky           • 

IO,48l 

1,987 

7 

S,6oq 

7,603 

Kansas  

1,222 

622 

36 

223 

2 

883 

Tennessee 

Arkansas 

North  Carolina   . 

California  

Nevada  

Oregon   

Washington  Ter  .... 

Nebraska  Ter  

Colorado  Ter             .    . 

Dakota  Ter   

New  Mexico  Ter.  .   .    . 

Alabama 

Florida  

Louisiana  

Mississippi   

Texas  

Indian  Nation  .   .    . 

Colored  Troops* 

Total   

284,215 

151,363 

5,  no 

54,967 

312 

460 

212,212 

*  Colored  Troops  organized  at  various  stations  in  the  vStates  in  rebellion,   embracing  all  not 


BY  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  U.  S. 


589 


PRESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES,  ETC. — CONTINUED. 


VOLUNTEERS  AND  MILITIA  FURNISHED  AT  VARIOUS  TIMES  FOR— 


<D 

>> 

•S 

v8 

3  months. 

loo  days. 

4  months. 

6  months. 

8  months. 

>_' 

0) 
V 

>> 

tH 

3  years. 

Total. 

- 

7V) 

6,O39 

24,  "U4 

31,092 

374 

213 

7,702 

8,289 

•*  m6 

^1^6 

IS,  725 

iS,72c; 

i  080 

i  080 

42 

1,768 
064 

1,810 
064 

I  156 

1  86 

3  <^6i 

4  CXD^ 

206 

2O6 

I    TO'? 

801 

4  16^ 

6  561 

T  ,,1/|7 

I   I2Q 

2,  S?6 

I  290 

I  290 

206 

373 

4,  SSS 

C224 

54^ 

54  S 

4QO 

I  466 

I,q6s 

1  ^O 

T,   ^Tf> 

1,74.0 

01.602 

Q^,44I 

2,045 

i,593 

1,895 

42 

1,363 

373 

8,198 

166,848 

182,357 

specifically  credited  to  States,  and  which  cannot  be  so  assigned. 


590 


MEN  CALLED  FOR  BY  THE  PRESIDENT. 


STATEMENT  OF  NUMBER  OF  MEN  CALLED  FOR  BY  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE 
UNITED  STATES,  ETC. — CONTINUED. 


STATES 

AND 


AGGREGATE. 


Aggregate  re 
duced  to  a 
three   years' 


Quota. 

Men 

furnished. 

Paid   com 
mutation. 

Total. 

sianaara. 

Maine             

73,587 

70,107 

2,007 

72,114 

56,776 

New  Hampshire    .    .    . 
Vermont  

35,897 
32,074 

33,937 
33,288 

692 
1,974 

34,629 
35,262 

30,849 
29,068 

Massachusetts  

139,095 

146,730 

5,318 

152,048 

124,104 

Rhode  Island           .   .    . 

18,898 

23,236 

463 

2^,6oQ 

17,866 

Connecticut      

44,797 

55,864 

1,515 

57,379 

50,623 

507,  148 

448,850 

18,197 

467,047 

TO2,  27O 

New  Jersey  

92,820 

76,814 

4,196 

81,010 

57,908 

Pennsylvania           .   .    . 

385,  369 

337,936 

28,171 

366,107 

265,517 

Delaware  .        

13,935 

12,284 

1,386 

13,670 

10,  322 

Maryland           

70,965 

46,638 

3,078 

50,316 

41,275 

\Vest  Virginia             .    . 

34,463 

32,068 

32,068 

27,714 

District  of  Columbia  .  . 
Ohio  

13,973 
306,322 

16,534 
313,180 

338 

6,479 

16,872 
319,659 

11,506 

240,514 

Indiana       

199,788 

196,363 

784 

197,147 

153,576 

Illinois           .       .... 

244,496 

259,092 

55 

259,  147 

214,  133 

Michigan  

95,007 

87,  364 

2,008 

89,  372 

80,  III 

\Visconsin         

109,080 

91  ,  327 

5,097 

96,424 

79,  260 

26,  326 

24,020 

1,032 

25,052 

19,693 

Iowa                

79,521 

76,  242 

67 

76,309 

68,630 

Missouri            

122,496 

109,111 

109,111 

86,530 

Kentucky  

100,782 

75,760 

3,265 

79,025 

70,832 

Kansas               

12.931 

20,  1  49 

2 

20,151 

18,706 

1,560 

31,092 

31,092 

26,  394 

780 

8,289 

8,289 

7  836 

North  Carolina    .... 

1,560 

3,156 

3,156 

3,  156 

California                 .    .    . 

15,725 

15,725 

I  5  72=; 

Nevada      

i,  080 

i,  080 

I,o8o 

Oregon              

1,810 

1,810 

I  77  i 

Washington  Ty  .... 

964 

964 

964 

Nebraska  Ty  

3,157 

3,157 

2,175 

Colorado  Ty         .... 

4,903 

4,903 

3  6Q7 

Dakota  Ty 

206 

206 

206 

"Vew  Mexico  Ty  .... 

6,561 

6,561 

4  412 

Alabama                .... 

2,576 

2,576 

i  61  1 

Florida    •  

1,290 

1,290 

1,290 

Louisiana      ....... 

5,224 

5,224 

4  651 

Mississippi       

545 

545 

545 

Texas  

1,965 

1,965 

1,632 

Indian  Nation  

3,530 

3,530 

•?  5"?O 

Colored  Troops*.    .   .    . 

Q-!  441 

O1.J4I 

QI  780 

Total    

2,76^,670 

2,772,408 

86,724 

2,859,  132 

2,  320  272 

*  Colored  Troops  organized  at  various  stations  in  the  States  in  rebellion,  embracing  all  not 
specifically  credited  to  States,  and  which  cannot  be  so  assigned. 


History  of  Army  Corps  and  Badges. 


The  adoption  of  badges  appears  to  have  originated  in  the  "  Kearny  Patch."  The 
following  is  the  story  told  on  the  subject :  One  day  when  his  brigade  was  on  the 
march  General  Philip  Kearny,  who  was  a  strict  disciplinarian,  saw  some  officers 
standing  under  a  tree  by  the  road-side.  Supposing  them  to  be  stragglers  from  his 
command,  he  administered  to  them  a  rebuke,  emphasized  by  a  few  expletives.  The 
officers  listened,  respectful^  standing  in  the  "position  of  a  soldier"  until  he  had 
finished,  when  one  of  them,  raising  his  hand  to  his  cap,  quietly  suggested  that  the 
general  had  possibly  made  a  mistake,  as  none  of  them  belonged  to  his  command. 
With  his  usual  courtesy  Kearny  exclaimed,  ' '  Pardon  me  ;  I  will  take  steps  to  know 
how  to  recognize  my  own  men  hereafter.  "  Immediately  on  reaching  camp  he  issued 
orders  that  all  officers  and  men  of  his  brigade  should  wear  conspicuously  on  the  front  of 
their  caps  a  round  piece  of  red  cloth  to  designate  them.  This  became  generally  known 
as  the  ' '  Kearny  Patch.' '  After  the  battle  of  Fair  Oaks,  or  Seven  Pines,  it  was  observed 
that  the  Confederate  prisoners  universally  wore  strips  of  red,  blue,  or  white  cloth  on 
their  caps,  which  they  said  were  to  designate  the  commands  to  which  they  belonged. 
General  Kearny,  in  conversation  with  General  Hooker,  enthusiastically  instanced 
this  as  illustrating  the  utility  of  his  "  patch.  " 

The  usefulness  of  distinctive  badges  became  so  apparent  to  the  corps  commanders 
that  very  soon  they  were  generally  adopted.  They,  however,  had  not  an  official 
recognition  until  General  Joseph  Hooker  became  the  commander  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac.  On  the  2ist  of  March,  1863,  just  before  the  Chancellorsville  campaign,  he 
issued  an  order  prescribing  the  device  for  a  badge  for  each  corps,  as  was  stated,  "  for 
the  purpose  of  ready  recognition  of  corps  and  divisions  of  this  army,  and  to  prevent 
injustice  by  reports  of  straggling  and  misconduct  through  mistake  as  to  their  organ 
izations."  This  same  phraseology  was  used  in  the  orders  subsequently  issued, 
announcing  the  badges  of  corps  in  the  Department  of  the  Cumberland.  The  divisions 
of  each  corps  were  indicated  by  the  colors  red,  white,  and  blue,  and  green,  and  orange, 
if  there  were  more  than  three  divisions.  Thus  the  badge  of  the  first  division  of  each 
corps  was  made  of  scarlet  cloth,  that  of  the  second  of  white,  and  the  third  of  blue. 
For  the  headquarters  some  slight  modifications  were  made  in  the  form  worn  by  the 
divisions.  The  badges  were  painted  on  the  wagons  of  the  corps,  and  stencilled  on 
all  its  public  property. 

In  connection  with  the  badges,  the  history  of  the  corps  is  so  interwoven  that 
very  appropriately  with  its  insignia  it  should  be  stated  how  each  was  formed  and 
where  it  served.  At  the  outstart  of  the  Civil  War,  the  old  formation  of  the  small 
Regular  Army  of  the  United  States  was  preserved.  The  subdivisions  of  different 
armies  were  simply  divisions  and  brigades.  The  tactical  formation  of  the  great 
European  armies,  framed  from  experience,  was  ignored,  until,  by  hard-taught  les 
sons,  those  in  authority  learned  that  war  was  a  profession,  and  its  rules  and  regula 
tions  could  not  safely  be  set  aside.  Grand  armies,  for  purposes  of  strategical 

691 


592  HISTORY  OF  ARMY    CORPS  AND    BADGES. 

•movements,  among  all  great  military  powers,  have  been  subdivided  into  corps,  per 
fect  in  all  the  attributes  of  a  separate  army — infantry,  artillery,  and  cavalry— and 
placed  under  experienced  generals,  making  a  unit  of  a  large  force  for  independent 
action,  which  might  prove  important  in  accomplishing  victory. 

It  was  not  until  July  17,  1862,  that  Congress  formally  authorized  the  formation 
of  army  corps,  though  it  did  not  give  to  the  corps  commanders  the  rank  of  lieutenant- 
generals,  as  is  usual  in  other  services,  and  which  was  adopted  by  the  Confederates — 
a  general  commanding  an  army,  a  lieutenant-general  a  corps,  a  major-general  a  divi 
sion,  and  a  brigadier-general  a  brigade. 

Under  the  authority  which  legalized  and  allowed  the  organization  of  troops  into 
army  corps,  the  following  corps  were  organized  : 

FIRST   ARMY    CORPS. 

August  12,  1862. — Troops  of  the  Mountain  Department  constituted  the  First 
Corps,  under  command  of  Major-General  Fremont.  It  was  subsequently  commanded 
by  Major-General  John  F.  Reynolds. 

March  23,  1862. — Discontinued,  and  troops  transferred. 

November  28,  1864. — Reorganized,  under  the  command  of  Major-General  Han 
cock,  as  First  Corps,  Veteran  Volunteers.  After  its  service  under  Fremont,  it  was 
identified  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  The  badge  of  the  First  Corps  was  a  circle; 
that  of  the  Veteran  Volunteers  was  a  circle  surrounded  by  a  double  wreath  of  laurel. 
Outside  the  laurel- wreath,  rays  from  a  figure  with  seven  sides  of  concave  curves. 
Seven  hands,  springing  from  the  circumference  of  the  laurel-wreath,  grasp  spears, 
the  heads  of  which  form  the  seven  points  of  the  external  radiated  figure. 

SECOND  ARMY   CORPS. 

August  12,  1862. — The  troops  of  the  Shenandoah  Department  were  to  constitute 
the  Second  Corps,  under  command  of  General  Banks. 

September  12,  1862. — The  designation  of  this  corps  was  changed  to  the  Eleventh 
by  order  of  the  President,  and  it  was  directed  that  the  corps  arranged  by  Order  of 
March  13,  1862,  headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac,  should  be  known  as  such.  The 
Second  Corps  was  first  commanded  by  General  E.  V.  Sumner,  then  by  General 
Couch,  and  subsequently  by  General  Hancock,  who  had  previously  been  one  of  its 
division  commanders.  He  was  so  largely  identified  with  its  history  that  it  is  most 
generally  alluded  to  as  Hancock's  Corps.  General  Warren  commanded  it  tempora 
rily;  its  last  commander  was  General  Humphreys.  The  corps  formed  continuously 
a  portion  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Its  badge  was  a  trefoil. 

THIRD  ARMY  CORPS. 

August  12,  1862. — The  troops  under  General  McDowell,  except  those  within  the 
city  and  fortifications,  were  to  form  this  corps,  and  to  be  under  his  command.  It 
became  the  Twelfth  Army"  Corps  September  12,  1862,  giving  place  to  the  Third 
Corps,  General  Heintzelman,  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  which  last-named  organiza 
tion  was  discontinued  March  23,  1864,  and  troops  transferred.  During  its  organiza 
tion  it  served  continuously  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  At  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg  it  was  commanded  by  Major-General  Daniel  E.  Sickles.  Its  badge  was  a 
diamond. 


HISTORY  OF  ARMY    CORPS  AND   BADGES.  593 

FOURTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

The  original  Fourth  Corps  belonged  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was  com 
manded  by  Major-General  Erasmus  D.  Keyes.  It  was  discontinued  August  i,  1863, 
and  troops  transferred  to  other  corps.  It  had  no  badge. 

September  28,  1863,  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  were  consolidated,  and  con 
stituted  the  Fourth  Corps,  under  command  of  General  Gordon  Granger.  It  was  a 
portion  of  the  Cumberland,  under  Major-General  George  H.  Thomas.  Its  badge  was 
an  equilateral  triangle. 

FIFTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

July  22,  1862.  The  forces  under  command  of  Brigadier-General  Fitz  John  Porter, 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  were  by  direction  of  the  President,  and  in  compliance 
with  a  previous  general  order  from  the  headquarters  of  that  army,  designated  as  the 
Fifth  Corps.  It  served  continuously  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

The  Fifth  Corps  was  successively  commanded  by  Major-Generals  Warren  and 
Griffin.  It  comprised  in  its  organization  the  regiments  of  infantry  of  the  Regulars 
attached  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Its  badge  was  "A  Maltese  Cross." 

When  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  reorganized,  in  March,  1864,  and  the  First 
Corps  was  consolidated  with  the  Fifth,  the  men  who  were  transferred  from  the  old 
First  then  combined  the  badges  of  the  two  corps,  placing  the  Maltese  cross  within 
a  circle. 

SIXTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

July  22,  1862.  The  President  directed  that  the  corps,  arranged  in  pursuance  to 
a  general  order,  headquarters  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  of  the  forces  commanded 
by  Brigadier-General  Franklin,  should  be  known  as  the  Sixth  Army  Corps.  It  was 
commanded  for  a  long  period  by  Major-General  Sedgwick,  and  was  generally  known 
as  Sedgwick's  Corps.  After  his  death  in  action  in  the  Wilderness  it  was  commanded 
by  Major-General  Horatio  G.  Wright.  Its  service — with  the  exception  of  its  cam 
paign  in  the  valley  of  the  Shenandoah  in  Sheridan's  operations,  and  its  being 
detached  for  the  defense  of  Washington  in  the  attack  of  the  Confederate  forces  under 
General  Early — was  continuously  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Its  badge  was 
"A  Greek  Cross." 

The  men  transferred  from  the  old  Third  Corps  to  the  Sixth  combined  the  diamond 
and  cross  of  the  two  corps. 

SEVENTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

July  22,  1862.  The  President  directed  the  forces  under  Major-General  Dix  serv 
ing  in  the  Department  of  Virginia  should  constitute  the  Seventh  Corps.  It  had  no 
badge. 

August  i,  1863.  Discontinued,  and  the  troops  transferred  to  the  Eighteenth 
Corps. 

January  6,  1864.  The  troops  in  the  Department  of  Arkansas,  commanded  by 
Major-General  Steele,  were  designated  the  Seventh  Corps.  Its  badge  was  '  'A  Crescent 
encircling  a  Star. ' ' 

EIGHTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

July  22,  1862.     By  direction  of  the  President  the  forces  under  General  Wool  con 
stituted  the  Eighth  Army  Corps. 

2N 


594  HISTORY  OF  ARMY    CORPS  AND    BADGES. 

December  n,  1862.  Major-General  Robert  C.  Schenck  was  assigned  to  the  com 
mand  of  the  Eighth  Corps  and  the  Middle  Department,  with  headquarters  at  Balti 
more,  Md.  On  his  resignation,  December  5,  1863,  Brigadier-General  Lockwood  was 
for  a  time  in  command,  who  was  succeeded  by  Major-General  Lewis  Wallace,  who 
commanded  the  corps,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  days'  intermission,  in  July,  1864, 
when  General  Ord  was  in  command,  until  its  discontinuance,  in  1865,  by  the  ter 
mination  of  the  war.  Its  badge  was  "A  Star  with  Six  Rays. " 

NINTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

July  22,  1862.  Troops  under  Major-General  Burnside,  and  belonging  to  Depart 
ment  of  North  Carolina,  were  designated  as  the  Ninth  Corps.  It  was  known  generally 
as  Burnside 's  Corps.  General  John  G.  Parke  commanded  it  for  a  time.  It  had  a 
various  field  of  service.  Was  connected  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  also 
with  the  western  armies.  Took  part  in  the  Vicksburg  campaign,  and  returning,  was 
in  the  campaigns  under  General  Grant  in  Virginia,  the  closing  scenes  of  the  war. 
Typical  of  the  fact  that  it  served  afloat  during  the  combined  operations  of  the  army 
and  navy  in  the  waters  of  North  Carolina,  its  badge  was  ' '  A  Shield  with  a  figure  9 
in  the  center,  crossed  with  a  foul  anchor  and  cannon." 

TENTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

September  3,  1862.  The  forces  in  the  Department  of  the  South,  commanded  by 
Major-General  Ormsby  M.  Mitchell,  were  designated  the  Tenth  Corps.  Was  after 
wards  commanded  by  Major-General  Terry,  and  took  part  in  the  capture  of  Fort 
Fisher,  North  Carolina.  The  services  of  this  corps  in  the  reduction  of  forts  on  the 
seaboard  suggested  the  device  of  its  badge,  which  was  that  of  ' '  The  Trace  of  a  Four- 
bastioned  Fort." 

ELEVENTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

September  12,  1862.  Troops  of  the  Department  of  Shenandoah,  commanded  by 
Major-General  Banks,  were  constituted  this  corps.  It  was  afterwards  commanded  by 
Major-General  Oliver  O.  Howard,  and  identified  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
Was  transferred  to  the  scene  of  military  operations  in  the  western  departments. 

April  4,  1864.  Was  consolidated  with  the  Twelfth,  and  constituted  the  Twentieth 
Corps.  Its  badge  was  "  A  Crescent. " 

TWELFTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

Semptember  12,  1862.  Troops  under  Major-General  McDowell,  with  some  excep 
tions,  constituted  this  corps.  It  was  afterwards  commanded  by  General  Slocum. 
Its  history  is  identical  with  that  of  the  Eleventh  Corps.  It  served  for  a  while  in  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  was  transferred  at  the  same  time  to  the  West,  and  consolidat 
ing  with  it  formed  the  Twentieth  Corps,  which  adopted  as  its  device  the  badge  of  the 
Twelfth  Corps,  "A  Star  with  Five  Rays." 

THIRTEENTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

October  24,  1862.  The  troops  under  command  of  Major-General  Grant,  com 
manding  Department  of  Tennessee,  were  to  constitute  this  corps. 

December  18,  1862.  The  forces  under  General  Grant  organized  into  the  Thir 
teenth,  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth  Corps,  and  Major-General  John  A. 
McClernand  assigned  to  command  of  the  Thirteenth. 

June  ii,  1864.     Temporarily  discontinued  and  troops  transferred. 


HISTORY  OF  ARMY   CORPS  AND    BADGES.  595 

February  18,  1865.  Reorganized,  and  Major-General  Gordon  Granger  placed  in 
command.  No  badge  was  adopted. 

FOURTEENTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

October  24,  1862.  The  troops  under  Major-General  Rosecrans,  commanding  the 
Department  of  the  Cumbarland,  were  ordered  to  constitute  this  corps. 

January  9.  1863.  This  corps  divided  into  three  corps — the  Fourteenth,  Twen 
tieth,  and  Twenty-first — the  Fourteenth  to  be  commanded  by  Major-General  George 
H.  Thomas.  Its  badge  was  an  acorn.  Major-General  Jefferson  C.  Davis,  who  was 
its  last  commander,  described  how  the  device  of  the  acorn-badge  came  to  be  adopted. 
After  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  the  Army  of  General  Rosecrans  made  a  stand  at  and 
around  Chattanooga.  Owing  to  exceedingly  muddy  roads,  and  the  cutting  of  its 
lines  of  communication  by  the  Confederates,  great  difficulty  was  experienced  in  get 
ting  supplies.  The  Fourteenth  Corps  was  encamped  near  a  wood  of  oak-trees,  which 
were  at  that  time  covered  with  acorns.  As  the  rations  fell  short,  many  of  the  men 
gathered  the  acorns  and  ate  them  roasted,  till  at  length  it  was  observed  that  they  had 
become  quite  an  important  part  of  the  ration,  and  the  men  jestingly  called  them 
"The  Acorn  Boys. "  Receiving  an  order  about  that  time  which  required  the  adoption 
of  a  corps-badge,  the  acorn  was  adopted  by  acclamation. 

FIFTEENTH   ARMY   CORPS. 

December  18,  1862.  Constituted  from  troops  of  General  Grant's  command,  and 
General  W.  T.  Sherman  assigned  to  its  command.  General  John  A.  Logan  com 
manded  the  Fifteenth  Corps  at  the  time  of  the  device  of  its  badge,  which  is  a  minia 
ture  cartridge-box,  black,  set  transversely  on  a  square,  with  the  motto,  "40  rounds." 
It  was  suggested  by  the  following  incident :  The  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Corps  were 
transferred  from  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  to  the  Department  of  the  Cumberland. 
They  were  better  dressed  than  the  other  troops  of  that  department,  and  a  little  rivalry 
sprang  up  between  these  Eastern  boys  and  those  who  came  from  the  West.  The 
latter  spoke  of  the  former  as  "the  men  who  wore  paper  shirt-collars,  and  crescents 
and  stars."  Before  the  Fifteenth  Corps  had  any  badge,  an  Irishman  belonging  to  it 
went  to  the  river  near  camp  to  fill  his  canteen.  There  he  met  a  soldier  of  one  of  the 
newly  arrived  corps,  whose  badges  were  the  subject  of  ridicule  by  his  comrades.  The 
latter  saluted  the  Irishman  with  the  query:  "What  corps  do  you  belong  to?"  "  The 
Fifteenth,  sure."  "Well,  then,  where  is  your  badge?"  "  My  badge,  is  it?  Well 
[clapping  his  hand  on  his  cartridge-box],  here's  my  badge :  40  rounds!  It's  the 
orders  to  have  40  rounds  in  our  cartridge-box,  and  we  always  do. ' ' 

SIXTEENTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

December  18,  1862.  Constituted  from  troops  of  General  Grant's  command,  and 
Major-General  A.  S.  Hurlbut  assigned  to  its  command. 

November  7,  1864.     Corps  organization  abolished. 

February  18,  1865.  Reorganized  under  command  of  Major-General  Andrew  J. 
Smith.  Corps  badge  :  A  circle  with  four  minie-balls,  the  points  towards  the  center 
cut  out  of  it. 

SEVENTEENTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

December  18,  1862.  Constituted  from  troops  of  General  Grant's  command,  and 
Major-General  T.  B.  McPherson  assigned  to  command.  In  the  order  for  the  adoption 


596  HISTORY  OF  ARMY    CORPS  AND    BADGES. 

of  the  device  of  an  arrow  for  the  corps,  Major-General  Frank  Blair,  at  that  time  com 
manding  the  corps,  said,  "  In  its  swiftness,  in  its  surety  of  striking  where  wanted, 
and  its  destructive  powers  when  so  intended,  it  is  probably  as  emblematical  of  this 
corps  as  any  design  that  could  be  adopted." 

EIGHTEENTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

December  24,  1862.  The  troops  in  North  Carolina,  under  command  of  Major- 
General  J.  G.  Foster,  were  constituted  the  Eighteenth  Corps. 

August  i,  1863.  Troops  of  Seventh  Army  Corps,  in  Department  of  Virginia, 
transferred  to  this  corps. 

July  17,  1864.  The  troops  of  the  Department  of  North  Carolina  and  Virginia 
serving  in  conjunction  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  were  constituted  this  corps, 
and  Major-General  William  F.  Smith  assigned  to  the  command.  The  Tenth  and 
Eighteenth  Corps,  with  cavalry,  constituted  the  Army  of  the  James  under  General 
Butler.  The  corps  was  discontinued  December  3,  1864.  Its  badge  was  a  cross  with 
foliated  sides. 

NINETEENTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

January  5,  1863.  Constituted  of  the  troops  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf,  com 
manded  by  Major-General  N.  P.  Banks. 

July  ii,  1864.  Major-General  Gillmore  assigned  to  temporary  command  of  the 
part  of  the  corps  in  the  Department  of  Washington. 

July  13,  1864.  Brigadier-General  Emory  placed  in  command  of  this  portion  of 
the  corps. 

November  7,  1864.  Brevet  Major-General  Emory  appointed  to  command  ;  head 
quarters  with  the  army  of  General  Sheridan  in  the  field.  The  organization  in  the 
military  division  of  West  Mississippi,  known  as  the  Nineteenth  Corps,  abolished. 
Its  badge  was  a  fan-leaved  cross  with  octagonal  center. 

TWENTIETH  ARMY  CORPS. 

January  9,  1863.  The  Army  of  the  Cumberland  divided  into  three  corps,  the 
Fourteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first ;  Major-General  A.  McD.  McCook  assigned 
to  command  of  the  Twentieth,  September  28,  1863.  Consolidated  with  the  Twenty- 
first,  and  constituted  the  Fourth  Corps. 

April  4,  1864.  Re-formed  of  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Corps  by  consolidation, 
and  Major-General  Jos.  Hooker  placed  in  command.  Corps  badge  :  a  star  with  five 
rays,  as  before  worn  by  the  Twelfth  Corps.  For  some  time  after  the  consolidation 
the  men  of  the  old  Eleventh  combined  the  two  badges  of  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth, 
the  crescent  being  placed  above  the  star. 

TWENTY-FIRST  ARMY  CORPS. 

January  9,  1863.  Formed  of  a  portion  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland.  Major- 
General  T.  Iv.  Crittenden  assigned  to  command. 

September  28,  1863.  Consolidated  with  the  Twentieth  and  constituted  the  Fourth 
Corps.  No  badge  was  ever  adopted  by  the  Twenty-first  Corps. 


HISTORY  OF  ARMY    CORPS  AND    BADGES.  597 

TWENTY-SECOND  CORPS. 

February  2,  1863.  The  troops  in  the  Department  of  Washington  were  constituted 
this  corps,  under  command  of  Major-General  Heintzelman.  Badge  :  Quinquefoliate 
in  shape,  with  a  circle  inscribed  in  the  center. 

The  signification  of  this  badge  was  a  building  inside  of  defensive  works  in  allu 
sion  to  the  continued  service  of  the  corps  in  and  around  Washington. 


TWENTY-THIRD  ARMY  CORPS. 

April  27,  1863.  The  troops  in  Kentucky  not  belonging  to  the  Ninth  Corps  were 
constituted  the  Twenty-third  Corps,  commanded  by  Major-General  G.  L.  Hartsuff; 
by  Major-General  Stoneman  from  January  28,  1864;  by  Major-General  Schofield  from 
April  4,  1864  ;  by  Major-General  J.  D.  Cox  from  March  27,  1865.  Its  badge  was  a 
plain  shield.  It  was  adopted  at  the  beginning  of  the  Atlantic  campaign  (spring  of 
1864).  General  Cox,  in  explanation  of  how  it  came  to  be  adopted,  says:  "There 
was  no  legend  connected  with  it.  The  Twenty-third  Corps  had  been  intimately 
associated  with  the  Ninth  Corps  under  General  Burnside  in  the  campaign  in  East 
Tennessee  in  1863,  being  organized  in  that  year  for  the  purpose  of  becoming  part  of 
Burnside's  Army  of  the  Ohio.  This  association  led  to  the  adoption  by  the  Twenty- 
third  Corps  of  a  shield  somewhat  similar  in  form  to  the  badge  of  the  Ninth  Corps, 
but  with  sufficient  marks  of  distinction. " 

TWENTY-FOURTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

December  3,  1864.  The  white  infantry  of  the  Tenth  and  Eighteenth  Corps  with 
the  Army  of  the  James  consolidated  and  constituted  this  corps,  under  the  command 
of  Major-General  E.  O.  C.  Ord.  It  was  afterwards  commanded  by  Major-General 
John  Gibbon,  who,  as  it  was  composed  of  veterans,  in  his  orders  adopting  the  badge, 
a  heart,  said  :  ' '  The  symbol  selected  is  one  which  testifies  an  affectionate  regard  for 
all  our  brave  comrades— alike  the  living  and  the  dead — who  have  braved  the  perils  of 
this  mighty  conflict,  and  our  devotion  to  the  sacred  cause — a  cause  which  entitles  us 
to  the  sympathy  of  every  brave  and  true  heart,  and  the  support  of  every  strong  and 
determined  hand." 

TWENTY-FIFTH  ARMY  CORPS. 

December  3,  1864.  The  colored  troops  of  the  Department  of  Virginia  and  North 
Carolina  were  organized  into  a  corps,  and  constituted  the  Twenty-fifth,  Major- 
General  Weitzel  commanding.  It  was  the  first  to  occupy  Richmond,  Virginia,  April  3, 
1865.  Its  badge  was  "A  Square."  It  was  adopted  as  indicative  of  the  claims  of 
the  colored  soldiers  to  equal  rights. 

CAVALRY  CORPS,  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 

April  15,  1863.  Major-General  Stoneman  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  this 
corps.  Afterwards  Major-General  Pleasanton  for  a  time  commanded  it,  and,  finally, 
Major-General  Phil  Sheridan  came  in  command.  The  badge  which  was  adopted 
under  the  last  commander  was  :  "Gold  crossed  sabers,  on  a  blue  field,  surrounded  by 
a  glory  in  silver."  The  badge  was  only  worn  by  commissioned  officers. 


598  HISTORY  OF  ARMY    CORPS  AND    BADGES. 

WILSON'S    CAVALRY   CORPS. 

The  badge  of  this  corps  was  "A  Rifle, "  from  which  was  suspended,  by  chains, 
the  red  swallow-tail  guidon  of  the  cavalry,  with  gilt  crossed  sabers  upon  it.  The  fol 
lowing  is  the  explanation  given  as  to  the  adoption  of  the  badge  :  The  Rifle  was  the 
badge  of  the  first  division  of  this  corps,  formerly  First  Division  of  the  Army  of  the 
Tennessee.  The  red  swallow-tail  guidon,  with  sabers  crossed  upon  it,  was  the  flag 
of  the  corps  headquarters.  A  combination  was  made  of  the  two  insignia  as  the  corps 
badge. 

FRONTIER  CAVALRY. 

This  cavalry  served  in  the  Seventh  Corps,  in  the  Department  of  Arkansas.  Its 
badge  was :  A  Spur,  with  curb-chain,  and  crescent,  and  star  suspended. 


CUSTER'S  CAVALRY. 

The  men  of  this  cavalry,  following  the  custom  of  their  commander,  wore  a  bright 
red  scarf,  tied  with  a  sailor-knot.  They  could  be  distinguished  at  a  long  distance  by 
this,  their  only  badge. 

ENGINEER  AND   PONTONIER    CORPS. 

Its  badge  was :  Two  Oars,  crossed  over  an  anchor,  the  top  of  which  is  encircled 
by  a  scroll  surmounted  by  a  castle,  the  castle  being  the  badge  of  the  U.  S.  Corps  of 
Engineers. 

SIGNAL    CORPS. 

Its  badge  was  :  Two  Flags,  crossed,  with  a  flaming  torch  between  them  ;  indicat 
ing  the  implements  used  in  signaling,  the  flags  by  day  and  torch  by  night. 


National  and  Department  Officers 


OF    THE 


GRAND  ARMY  OF  THE  REPUBLIC. 


Commander-in-Chief Lucius  FAIRCHILD,  Madison,  Wis. 

Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief SAMUEL  W.  BACKUS,  Santa  Barbara,  Cal. 

Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief EDGAR  ALLEN,  Richmond,  Va. 

Chaplain-in-Chief Rev.  T.  C.  WARNER,  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

Surgeon-General AMBROSE  EVERETT,  Denver,  Col. 

Adjutant-General EDMUND  B.  GRAY,  Madison,  Wis. 

Quartermaster-General JOHN  TAYLOR,  Philadelphia,  Penn. 

Judge- Advocate-General •  .    .  HENRY  E.  TAINTOR,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Inspector-General JACOB  M.  HUNTER,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

NATIONAL  COUNCIL  OF  ADMINISTRATION. 

Arkansas THOMAS  BOLES Fort  Smith. 

California N.  P.  CHIPMAN Red  Bluff. 

Colorado FRANK  HUNTER Denver. 

Connecticut WILLIAM  EDGAR  SIMONDS Hartford. 

Dakota GEORGE  A.  SILSBY Mitchell. 

Delaware GEORGE  W.  KING Wilmington. 

Florida E.  W.  HENCK Longwood. 

Gulf HENRY  SCHORTEN Baton  Rouge. 

Illinois R.  F.  WILSON Chicago. 

Indiana    . COURTLAND  E.  WHITSITT Indianapolis. 

Iowa J.  B.  MORGAN Davenport. 

Kansas J.  W.  FEIGHAN Emporia. 

Kentucky D.    O'RiLEY Litchfield. 

Maine A.  M.  SAWYER Portland. 

Massachusetts JOHN  L.  OTIS Northampton. 

Maryland GEORGE  B.  CREAMER' Baltimore. 

Michigan GEORGE  M.  DEVLIN Jackson. 

Minnesota W.  W.  P.  McCoNNELL Mankato. 

Missouri EUGENE  F.  WEIGEL St.  Louis. 

Montana W.  F.  SANDERS Helena. 

Nebraska JAMES  O.  WEST Grand  Island. 

New  Hampshire JAMES  MINOT Concord. 

New  Jersey BISHOP  W.  MAINS Trenton. 

599 


600  NATIONAL  AND  DEPARTMENT  OFFICERS 

New  Mexico THOMAS  W.  COURIER Raton. 

New  York HENRY  E.  TURNER     .    .       Lowville. 

Ohio D.  R.  AUSTIN Toledo. 

Oregon '  .    .    .  CHARGES  L.  FAY Portland. 

Pennsylvania SAMUEL  HARPER Pittsburg. 

Potomac SOLOMON  E.  FAUNCE Washington. 

Rhode  Island GEORGE  O.  EDDY Bristol. 

Tennessee  and  Georgia   ....  EDWARD  S.  JONES Nashville. 

Texas A.  BELKNAP San  Antonio. 

Utah W.  H.  NYE Boise  City. 

Vermont ED.  H.  TRICK Burlington. 

Virginia PETER  MORTON Richmond 

Washington  Territory     ....  FRANK  G.  FRARY Dayton. 

West  Virginia •  .    .  S.  F.  SHAW Parkersburg. 

Wisconsin J.  L.  WHEAT Racine. 

PAST  NATIONAL  OFFICERS. 
Includes  those  in  good  standing  in  their  posts,  and  deceased. 

Past  Commanders-in-Chief |S.  A.  HURLBUT,  Illinois 1866-67 

JOHN  A.  LOGAN,  Chicago,  Ills 68-9-70 

f  AMBROSE  BURNSIDE,  Rhode  Island  .    .    .  1871-72 

CHARLES  DEVINS,  Boston,  Mass 1873-74 

JOHN  F.  HARTRANFT,  Philadelphia,  Penn.,  1875-76 
J.  C.  ROBINSON,  Binghamton,  N.  Y .    .    .  1877-78 
f  WILLIAM  EARNSHAW,  Dayton,  Ohio    .    .  1879 
Louis  WAGNER,  Philadelphia,  Penn.     .    .  1880 
GEO.  S.  MERRILL,  Lawrence,  Mass  .    .    .  1881 
PAUL  VAN  DERVOORT,  Omaha,  Neb.  .    .  1882 
ROBERT  B.  BEATH,  Philadelphia,  Penn.  .  1883 
JOHN  S.  KOUNTZ,  Toledo,  Ohio  .....  1884 
S.  S.  BURDETT,  Washington,  D.  C.    .    .    .  1885-86 

Past  Senior  Vice-Commanders-in-Chief y   JAS.  B.  McKEAN,  Saratoga,  N.  Y  .    .    .    .  1866-67 

JOSHUA  T.  OWEN,  Philadelphia,  Penn  .    .  1868 
Louis  WAGNER,  Philadelphia,  Penn.    .    .  1871-72 
Lucius  FAIRCHILD,  Madison,  Wis  ....  1873 
EDWARD  JARDINE,  New  York,  N.  Y.    .    .  1874 
JOSEPH  S.  REYNOLDS,  Chicago,  Ills  .   .   .  1875-76 
ELISHA  H.  RHODES,  Providence,  R.  I  .    .  1877 
PAUL  VAN  DERVOORT,  Omaha,  Neb.   .    .  1878 

JOHN  PALMER,  Albany,  N.  Y 1879 

EDGAR  D.  SWAIN,  Chicago,  Ills 1880 

CHARLES  L.  YOUNG,  Toledo,  Ohio    .    .    .  1881 

W.  E.  W.  Ross,  Baltimore,  Md 1882 

WM.  WARNER,  Kansas  City,  Mo 1883 

JOHN  P.  REA,  Minneapolis,  Minn  ....  1884 
SELDEN  CONNOR,  Augusta,  Me 1885-86 

Past  Junior  Vice-Commanders-in-Chief,    NATHAN  KIMBALL,  Indiana 1866-67 

JOSEPH  R.  HAWLEY,  Hartford,  Conn.  .    .  1868-69 
LOUIS  WAGNER,  Philadelphia,  Penn.    .    .  1870 

JAMES  COEY,  San  Francisco,  Cal 1871-72 

ED.  FERGUSON,  Milwaukee,  Wis 1873 

f  Deceased. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  601 

Past  Junior  Vice-Commanders-in-Chief,  GUY  T.  GOULD,  Chicago,  Ills  ......  1874 

C.  J.  BuCKBEE,  New  Haven,  Conn.  .    .    .  1875-76 

t  WILLIAM  EARNSHAW,  Dayton,  Ohio  .   .    .  1877 
HERBERT  E.  HILL,  Boston,  Mass  ....  1878 

H.  DINGMAN,  Washington,  D.  C 1879 

t  GEORGE  BOWERS,  Nashua,  N.  H 1880 

C.  V.  R.  POND,  Quincy,  Mich 1881 

I.  S.  BANGS,  Waterville,  Me. 1882 

W.  H.  HOLMES,  San  Francisco,  Cal  .  .  .  1883 
IRA  E.  HICKS,  New  Britain,  Conn.  .  .  .  1884 
JOHN  R.  LEWIS,  Atlanta,  Ga 1885-86 

ARKANSAS. 

(Organized  July  n,  1883.) 
Commander Charles  C.  Waters,  Little  Rock. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 
Stephen  Wheeler,  Fort  Smith.  C.  M.  Barnes,  Fort  Smith. 

CALIFORNIA. 

(Organized  February  20,  1868.) 
Commander W.  R.  Smedberg,  San  Francisco. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

W.  H.  Aiken,  San  Francisco.  W.  A.  Robinson,  San  Francisco. 

Ed.  Carlson,  San  Francisco.  J.  W.  Staples,  San  Francisco. 

S.  W.  Backus,  San  Francisco.  J.  M.  Davis,  San  Francisco. 

S.  P.  Ford,  San  Francisco.  R.  H.  Warfield,  Healdsburg. 
C.  Mason  Kinne,  San  Francisco. 

COLORADO. 

(Organized  as  Department  Mountains,  December  n,  1879;  named  changed  to  Colorado,  July  31,  1882.) 
Commander Henry  Bowman,  Idaho  Springs. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

F.  J.  Bancroft,  Denver.  Byron  L.  Cave,  Longmont. 

J.  W.  Donnellan,  Laramie  City,  Wyo.  Ty.         A.  V.  Bohn,  Leadville. 
E.  K.  Stimson,  Denver. 

CONNECTICUT. 

(Organized  April  n,  1867.) 
Commander John  T.  Crary,  Norwich. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Edward  Harland,  Norwich.  Alfred  B.  Beers,  Bridgeport. 

L.  A.  Dickinson,  Hartford.  Ira  E.  Hicks,  New  Britain. 

Charles  J.  Buckbee,  New  Haven.  Isaac  B.  Hyatt,  Meriden. 

Wm.  E.  Disbrow,  Bridgeport.  Wm.  Berry,  Hartford. 

George  S.  Smith,  Norwich.  Frank  D.  Sloat,  New  Haven. 

t  Deceased. 


602  NATIONAL  AND  DEPARTMENT  OFFICERS 

DAKOTA. 

(Organized.  February  27,  1884.) 
Commander W.  V.  Lucas,  Chamberlain. 

Past  Department  Commander. 
Thomas  S.  Free,  Sioux  Falls. 


DELAWARE. 

(Organized  January  14,  1881.) 
Commander John  M.  Dunn,  Wilmington. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

W.  S.  McNair,  Wilmington.  C.  M.  Carey,  Wyoming. 

Daniel  Ross,  Wilmington.  J.  S.  Litzenberg,  Wilmington. 

John  Wain wright,  Wilmington. 

FLORIDA. 

(Organized  June  19,  1884.) 
Commander G.  H.  Norton,  Eustis. 

Past  Department  Commander. 
A.  T.  Wilmarth,  Jacksonville. 


GULF. 

(Organized  May  15,  1884.) 
Commander ;    .  A.  S.  Badger,  New  Orleans. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 
Wm.  Roy,  Socoro,  N.  M.  James  W.  Scully,  New  Orleans. 

ILLINOIS. 

.                   (Organized  July  12,  1866.     Date  of  reorganization  not  of  record.) 
Commander Philip  Sidney  Post,  Galesburg. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Guy  T.  Gould,  Chicago.  J.  S.  Reynolds,  Chicago. 

T.  B.  Coulter,  Aurora.  Samuel  A.  Harper,  Elmwood. 

Edgar  D.  Swain,  Chicago.  Thos.  Y.  Lawler,  Rockford. 

L.  T.  Dickinson,  Danville.  W.  W.  Berry.  Quincy. 

J.  W.  Burst,  Chicago.  t  H.  Hilliard,  Chicago. 

INDIANA. 

(Organized  November  22,  1866.     Reorganized  August  u,  1879.) 
Commander '-. T.  W.  Bennett,  Richmond. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

W.  W.  Dudley,  Washington,  D.  C.  Edwin  Nicar,  South  Bend. 

James  R.  Carnahan,  Indianapolis.  David  N.  Foster,  Fort  Wayne. 

t  Deceased. 


GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE  REPUBLIC.  603 

IOWA. 

(Organized  September  26,  1866.     Reorganized  1879.) 

Commander .  W.  A.  McHenry,  Denison. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

J.  C.  Parrott,  Keokuk.  George  B.  Hoyin,  Des  Moines. 

A.  A.  Perkins,  Burlington.  John  B.  Cooke,  Carroll. 

H.  E.  Griswold,  Atlantic.  Edward  G.  Miller,  Waterloo. 

W.  F.  Conrad,  Des  Moines.  W.  R.  Manning,  Newton. 

P.  V.  Carey,  Des  Moines. 

KANSAS. 
(Organized  December  7,  1866.     Reorganized  March  16,  1880.) 

Commander C.  J.  McDivitt,  Abilene. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

M.  Stewart,  Wichita.  R.  W.  Jenkens,  Leavenworth. 

H.  W.  Pond,  Fort  Scott.  John  A.  Martin,  Atchison. 

T.  J.  Anderson,  Topeka.  John  C.  Carpenter. 

J.  C.  Walkenshaw,  Leavenworth.  J.  H.  Gilpatrick. 

John  Guthrie,  Topeka. 

KENTUCKY. 

(Organized  January  17,  1883.) 
Commander Thomas  Z.  Morrow,  Somerset. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Jas.  C.  Michie,  Covington.  G.  W.  Northrup,  Louisville. 

Wm.  H.  Harton,  Newport. 

MAINE. 

(Organized  January  10,  1868.) 
Commander Samuel  W.  Lane,  Augusta. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

John  C.  Caldwell,  Augusta.  Augustus  B.  Farnham,  Bangor. 

A.  C.  Hamlin,  Bangor.  Selden  Connor,  Augusta. 

George  L.  Beale,  Norway.  Elijah  M.  Shaw,  Great  Falls,  N.  H. 

Winsor  B.  Smith,  Portland.  Nelson  Howard,  Lewiston. 

Charles  P.  Mattocks,  Portland.  Benjamin  Williams,  Rockland. 

Isaac  S.  Bangs,  Waterville.  James  A.  Hall,  Damariscotta. 
Daniel  White,  Bangor. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Organized  May  7,  1867.) 
Commander Richard  F.  Tobin,  South  Boston. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Austin  S.  Cushman,  New  York.  Horace  Binney,  Sargent. 

A.  B.  Sprague,  Worcester.  John  G.  B.  Adams,  Warnersville. 

Francis  A.  Osborn,  Boston.  John  A.  Hawes,  Fairhaven. 

James  L.  Bates,  Weymouth.  George  W.  Creasey,  Newburyport. 

Wm.  Cogswell,  Salem.  George  H.  Patch,  S.  Framingham. 

A.  B.  Underwood,  Newton.  George  S.  Evans,  Cambridgeport. 

John  W.  Kimball,  Fitchburg.  John  D.  Billings,  Cambridgeport. 

Geo.  S.  Merrill,  Lawrence.  John  W.  Hersey,  Springfield. 


604  NATIONAL  AND  DEPARTMENT  OFFICERS 

MARYLAND. 
(Organized  January  8,  1868,     Reorganized  January,  1876.) 

Commander Geo.  W.  F.  Vernon,  Baltimore. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Edwin  T.  Danaker,  Baltimore.  Graham  Dukehart,  Baltimore. 

Adam  E.  King,  Baltimore.  John  H.  Suter,  Baltimore. 

E.  B.  Tyler,  Calverton.  Frank  M.  Smith,  Baltimore. 

Wm.  E.  Griffith,  Cumberland.  John  W.  Horn,  Baltimore. 

W.  E.  W.  Ross,  Baltimore. 

MICHIGAN. 
(Organized  May  6,  1868.     Reorganized  1879.) 

Commander ' John  North  wood,  New  Lothrop. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

C.  V.  R.  Pond,  Quincy.  Oscar  A.  Janes,  Hillsdale. 

A.  T.  McReynolds.  Grand  Rapids.  Rush  J.  Shank,  Lansing. 

Byron  R.  Pierce,  Grand  Rapids.  Charles  D.  Long,  Flint. 

MINNESOTA. 
(Organized  August  14,  1867.     Reorganized  May  18,  1880.) 

Commander Wm.  Thomas,  Mankato. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Henry  G.  Hicks,  Minneapolis.  John  P.  Rea,  Minneapolis. 

Geo.  H.  Johnston,  Minneapolis.  E.  C.  Babb,  Minneapolis. 

Adam  Marty,  Stillwater.  R.  A.  Becker,  St.  Paul. 

MISSOURI. 
(Organized  May  16,  1867.     Reorganized  1881.) 

Commander Nelson  Cole,  St.  Louis. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 
Wm.  Warner,  Kansas  City.  W.  F.  Chamberlain,  Hannibal. 

MONTANA. 

(Organized  March  10,  1885.) 
Commander Charles  S.  Warren,  Butte. 

Past  Department  Commander. 
Thomas  P.  Fuller,  Butte. 

NEBRASKA. 

(Organized  January  25,  1877.) 
Commander John  M.  Thayer,  Grand  Island. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Paul  Van  DerVoort,  Omaha.  S.  J.  Alexander,  Lincoln. 

J.  W.  Savage,  Omaha.  J.  C.  Bonnell,  Lincoln. 

R.  H.  Wilber,  Omaha.  H.  E.  Palmer,  Plattsmouth. 

A.  V.  Cole,  Juniata. 


GRAND  ARMY  OF   THE    REPUBLIC.  605 

NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 

(Organized  May,  1868.) 

Commander George  Farr,  Littleton. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 
Wm.  R.  Patten,  Manchester.  Alvin  S.  Eaton,  Nashua. 

D.  J.  Vaughan,  Portsmouth.  Chas.  J.  Richards,  Suncook. 
Jas.  E.  Larkin,  Concord.                                      f  George  Bowers,  Nashua. 

Aug.  H.  Bixby,  Francestown.  Martin  A.  Haynes,  Lake  Village. 

Wm.  H.  Trickey,  Dover.  John  C.  Linehan,  Penacook. 

Timothy  W.  Challis,  Manchester.  Marcus  M.  Collis,  Portsmouth. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

(Organized  January,  1868.) 
Commander Frank  O.  Cole,  Jersey  City. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Wm.  Ward,  Newark.  E.  W.  Davis,  Newark, 

Chas.  Burrows,  Rutherford.  Samuel  Hufty,  Camden. 

John  Mueller,  Newark.  Chas.  Houghten,  Metuchen. 

Geo.  W.  Gile,  Bordentown.  Geo.  B.  Fielder,  Jersey  City. 

E.  L.  Campbell,  Trenton.  Henry  M.  Nevins,  Red  Bank. 
Richard  H.  Lee,  Camden. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

(Organized  July  13,  1883.) 
Commander i E.  S.  Stover,  Albuquerque. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 
E.  W.  Wynkoop,  Santa  Fe".  J.  J.  Fitzgerell,  Las  Vegas, 

NEW  YORK. 

(Organized  April  3,  1867.) 
Commander J.  I.  Sayles,  Rome. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Daniel  E.  Sickles,  New  York.  f  James  McQuade,  New  York. 
John  C.  Robinson,  Binghamton.  L.  Coe  Young,  Binghamton. 

Henry  A.  Baruum,  New  York.  Abram  Merritt,  Nyack. 

Stephen  P.  Corliss,  Albany.  James  S.  Fraser,  New  York. 

John  Palmer,  Albany.  John  A.  Reynolds,  Rochester. 

James  Tanner,  Brooklyn.  Ira  M.  Hedges,  Haverstraw. 

Wm.  F.  Rodgers,  Buffalo.  H.  Clay  Hall,  Little  Falls. 

OHIO. 

(Organized  January  30,  1867.) 
Commander Arthur  L.  Conger,  Akron. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Thos.  L.  Young,  Toledo.  David  W.  Thomas,  Akron. 

J.  Warren  Keifer,  Springfield.  John  S.  Kountz,  Toledo. 

A.  C.  Voris,  Akron.  Chas.  T.  Clark,  Columbus, 

t  Wm.  Earnshaw.  H.  P.  Lloyd,  Cincinnati. 

James  H.  Seymour,  Hudson.  R.  B.  Brown,  Zanesville. 
f  James  B.  Steedman,  Toledo. 

t  Deceased. 


606  NATIONAL   AND  DEPARTMENT  OFFICERS 

OREGON. 
(Organized  September  28/1882.) 

Commander F.  H.  Lamb,  Portland. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

N.  S.  Pierce,  Portland.  F.  J.  Babcock,  Salem. 

G.  E.  Caukins,  Portland. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

(Organized  January  16,11867.) 
Commander J.  P.  S.  Gobin,  Lebanon. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Louis  Wagner,  Philadelphia.  Chas.  T.  Hull,  Athens. 

A.  L.  Pearson,  Pittsburg.  George  L.  Brown,  Minersville. 

O.  C.  Bosbyshell,  Philadelphia.  C.  W.  Hazzard,  Philadelphia. 

R.  B.  Beath,  Philadelphia.  John  Taylor,  Philadelphia. 

A.  Wilson  Norris,  Philadelphia.  J.  M.  Vanderslice,  Philadelphia. 
W.  W.  Tyson,  Allegheny.  E.  S.  Osborne,  Wilkes  Barre. 
James  W.  Latta,  Philadelphia.  F.  H.  Dyer,  Washington. 

S.  Irwin  Given,  Philadelphia.  Austin  Curtin,  Roland  P.  O. 

\ 

POTOMAC. 
(Organized  February  n,  1869) 

Commander Jerome  B.  Burke,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Past  Department  Commanders, 

f  Timothy  Lubey.  C.  C.  Royce,  Troy,  Ohio. 

Frank  H.  Sprague,  Washington.  William  Gibson,  Washington. 

B.  F.  Hawkes,  Washington.  S.  S.  Burdett,  Washington. 

A.  H.  G.  Richardson,  Washington.  D.  S.  Alexander,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

George  E.  Corson,  Washington.  N.  M.  Brooks,  Washington. 

Harrison  Dingman,  Washington. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

(Organized  March  24,  1868.) 
Commander Theodore  A.  Barton,  Providence. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Horatio  Rogers,  Providence.  Fred.  A.  Arnold,  Providence. 

Charles  R.  Brayton,  Providence.  Henry  R.  Barker,  Providence. 

Elisha  H.  Rhodes,  Providence.  Charles  C.  Gray,  Providence. 

Edwin  Metcalf,  Providence.  Henry  F.  Jenks,  Pawtucket. 

Edwin  C.  Pomeroy,  Providence.  Philip  S.  Chase,  Providence. 

Charles  H.  Williams,  Providence.  A.  K.  McMahon,  Newport. 

Henry  J.  Spooner,  Providence.  Eugene  A.  Cory,  Providence. 

TENNESSEE  AND   GEORGIA. 

(Organized  February  26,  1884.) 
Commander Edward  S.  Jones,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

•f  Deceased. 


GRAND  ARMY  OF   THE    REPUBLIC.  607 

TEXAS. 

(Organized  March  25,  1885.) 
Commander O.  T.  Lyon,  Sherman. 

Past  Department  Commander. 
W.  D.  Wylie,  Dallas. 


UTAH. 

(Organized  October  18,  1884.) 
Commander E.  Sells,  Salt  I/ake  City. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Geo.  C.  Douglass,  Deer  L,odge,  Mont.  H.  C.  Wardleigh,  Ogden. 

Ransford  Smith,  Ogden. 

VERMONT. 

(Organized  October  23,  1868.) 
Commander Geo.  T.  Childs,  St.  Albans. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

f  W.  W.  Henry,  Burlington.  George  W.  Hooker,  Brattleboro. 

W.  G.  Veazey,  Rutland.  A.  B.  Valentine,  Bennington. 

Stephen  Thomas,  Montpelier.  C.  C.  Kinsman,  Rutland. 

T.  S.  Peck,  Burlington.  Win.  L.  Greenleaf,  Burlington. 

J.  H.  Goulding,  Rutland. 

VIRGINIA. 

(Organized  February  12,  1868.) 
Commander • Henry  de  B.  Clay,  Hampton. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

S.  B.  Kenny,  Portsmouth.  Richard  Bond,  Portsmouth. 

William  N.  Eaton,  Portsmouth.  f  W.  Henry  King,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Wm.  H.  Appenzeller,  Portsmouth.  H.  Carlisle,  Knoxville,  Tenn. 

Wm.  Ryder,  Portsmouth.  P.  T.  Woodfin,  Soldiers'  Home. 

R.  J.  Staples,  Portsmouth.  B.  C.  Cook,  Richmond. 


WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

(Organized  June  20,  1883.) 
Commander Chas.  M.  Holton,  North  Yakima. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

F.  W.  Sparling  (provisional),  Seattle.  Henry  A.  Morrow,  Sidney,  Neb. 

Geo.  D.  Hill,  Seattle.  A.  M.  Brooks,  Seattle. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 
(Organized  September  12,  1868.     Reorganized  February  20,  1883.) 

Commander John  Carlin,  Wheeling. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 
W.  H.  H.  Flick,  Martinsburg.  C.  B.  Smith,  Parkersburg. 

t  Deceased. 


608          .   NATIONAL  AND  DEPARTMENT  OFFICERS  G.  A.  R. 

WISCONSIN. 

(Organized  September,  1866.) 
Commander Henry  P.  Fischer,  Milwaukee. 

Past  Department  Commanders. 

Thos.  S.  Allen,  Oshkosh.  Geo.  A.  Hannaford,  Milwaukee. 

J.  H.  Rusk,  Madison.  Henry  G.  Rogers,  Milwaukee. 

A.  J.  McCoy,  Kansas  City.  J.  Thomas  Griff,  Berlin. 

John  Hancock,  Madison.  H.  M.  Enos,  Waukesha. 

S.  F.  Hammond,  Ashton,  Dak.  Philip  Cheek,  Jr.,  Baraboo. 

Ed.  Ferguson,  Milwaukee.  Jas.  Davidson,  Sparta. 
Lucius  Fairchild,  Madison. 


NUMBER   OF 

* 

Regiments,  Batteries  and  Independent  Companies 


FROM    EACH    STATE 


MUSTERED  INTO  SERVICE  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 


MAINE. 

Cavalry,  2  regiments  ;  heavy  artillery,  i  regiment ;  garrison  artillery,  3  compa 
nies  ;  light  artillery,  i  battalion  of  7  batteries  ;  infantry,  30  regiments  and  6  inde 
pendent  companies. 

Total,  33  regiments,  25  companies,  and  7  batteries. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Cavalry,    i   regiment;    heavy  artillery,    i  regiment;  light  artillery,    i  battery; 
infantry,  17  regiments,  and  14  independent  companies.   QflOCTOft 
Total,  19  regiments,  4  companies,  and  i  battery. 

VERMONT. 

Cavalry,  i  regiment  ;   heavy  artillery,  i  regiment,  and   i  independent  company; 
light  artillery,  3  batteries;  infantry,  17  regiments. 
Total,  19  regiments,  i  company,  and  3  batteries. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Cavalry,  5  regiments  and  i  battalion,  of  which  i  regiment  was  colored  troops ; 
heavy  artillery,  4  regiments  and  8  companies  ;  light  artillery,  i  battalion  and  1 7  bat 
teries;  sharpshooters,  2  companies ;  infantry,  68  regiments  and  45  independent  com 
panies. 

Total,  77  regiments,  2  battalions,  55  companies,  and  17  batteries. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

Cavalry,  3  regiments  and  2  independent  companies;  heavy  artillery,  2  regiments; 
light  artillery,  i  regiment  and  i  battery;  infantry,  8  regiments  and  i  independent 
company. 

Total,  14  regiments,  3  companies,  and  i  battery. 

•2  o  i;o:t 


610  REGIMENTS,  BA  TTERIES  AND  COMPANIES. 

CONNECTICUT. 

Cavalry,  i  regiment ;  heavy  artillery,  2  regiments  ;  light  artillery,  3  batteries  ; 
infantry,  27  regiments. 

Total,  30  regiments,  and  3  batteries. 

NEW   YORK. 

Cavalry,  27  regiments  and  10  independent  companies;  heavy  artillery,  13  regi 
ments  ;  light  artillery,  2  regiments  and  35  batteries ;  engineers,  4  regiments  sharp 
shooters,  8  companies  ;  infantry,  348  regiments  and  7  independent  companies,  of 
which  3  regiments  were  colored  troops. 

Total,  294  regiments,  25  companies,  and  35  batteries. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

Cavalry,  3  regiments;  light  artillery,  5  batteries  ;  infantry,  38  regiments,  and  4 
independent  companies. 

Total,  41  regiments,  4  companies,  and  5  batteries. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Cavalry,  23  regiments  and  28  independent  companies ;  heavy  artillery,  3  regi 
ments  and  5  companies  ;  light  artillery,  i  regiment  and  19  batteries;  infantry,  227 
regiments  and  6  independent  companies,  of  which  10  regiments  were  colored  troops. 

Total,  254  regiments,  95  companies,  and  19  batteries. 

DELAWARE. 

Cavalry,  8  companies ;    heavy  artillery,  i   company ;    light  artillery,  i  battery; 
infantry,  9  regiments  and  4  independent  companies. 
Total,  9  regiments,  13  companies,  and  i  battery. 

MARYLAND. 

Cavalry,  4  regiments  and, 4  independent  companies  ;    light  artillery,  6  batteries  ; 
infantry,  20  regiments  and  6  independent  companies. 
Total,  24  regiments,  5  companies,  and  6  batteries. 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

Cavalry,  i  regiment  and  i  company;  infantry,  2  regiments  and  33  companies. 
Total,  3  regiments  and  34  companies. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

Cavalry,  7  regiments  and  2  companies;  light  artillery,  8  batteries;  infantry,  17 
regiments  and  2  companies. 

Total,  24  regiments,  4  companies,  and  8  batteries. 

VIRGINIA. 
Infantry,    i    independent   company. 

NORTH    CAROLINA. 

Cavalry,  2  regiments  of  mounted  infantry;  infantry,  2  regiments. 
Total,  4  regiments. 

GEORGIA. 
Infantry,  2  companies. 


REGIMENTS,  BATTERIES  AND  COMPANIES.  611 

FLORIDA. 
Cavalry,  2  regiments. 

ALABAMA. 
Cavalry,  i  regiment  and  5  independent  companies. 

MISSISSIPPI. 
Cavalry,  2  companies. 

LOUISIANA. 

Cavalry,  2  regiments;  infantry,  3  regiments. 
Total,  5  regiments. 

TEXAS. 
Cavalry,  i  regiment  and  9  independent  companies. 

ARKANSAS. 

Cavalry,  4  regiments;  light  artillery,  i  battery;  infantry,  3  regiments  and  2  inde 
pendent  companies. 

Total,  7  regiments,  2  companies,  and  i  battery. 

TENNESSEE. 

Cavalry  and  mounted  infantry,  21  regiments  and  7  independent  companies;  light 
artillery,  5  batteries;  infantry,  9  regiments. 

Total,  30  regiments,  7  companies,  and  5  batteries. 

KENTUCKY. 

Cavalry  and  mounted  infantry,  16  regiments  and  10  independent  companies; 
light  artillery,  7  batteries ;  infantry,  45  regiments  and  i  independent  company,  of 
which  2  regiments  were  colored  troops. 

Total,  6 1  regiments,  n  companies,  and  7  batteries. 

OHIO. 

Cavalry,  13  regiments  and  18  independent  companies;  heavy  artillery,  2  regi 
ments  ;  light  artillery,  i  regiment  and  27  batteries  ;  sharpshooters,  3  companies  ; 
infantry,  218  regiments  and  8  independent  companies,  of  which  2  were  colored 
regiments. 

Total,  234  regiments,  29  companies,  and  27  batteries. 

MICHIGAN. 

Cavalry,  12  regiments  and  2  independent  companies  ;  heavy  artillery,  i  regiment; 
light  artillery,  i  regiment  and  1 1  batteries  ;  engineers,  i  regiment  and  i  company  ; 
sharpshooters,  i  regiment  and  4  companies  ;  infant^,  34  regiments  and  2  independent 
companies. 

Total,  50  regiments,  9  companies,  and  n  batteries. 

INDIANA. 

Cavalry,  13  regiments  and  i  independent  company;  heavy  artillery,  i  regiment ; 
light  artillery,  26  batteries  ;  infantry,  123  regiments  and  16  independent  companies. 
Total,  137  regiments,  17  companies,  and  26  batteries. 


612  REGIMENTS,  BA  TTERIES  AND  COMPANIES. 

HXINOIS. 

Cavalry,  17  regiments  ;  light  artillery,  2  regiments  and  8  batteries;  infantry, 
T57  regiments  and  9  independent  companies,  of  which  there  was  i  regiment  of  colored 
troops. 

Total,  176  regiments,  9  companies,  and  8  batteries. 

MISSOURI. 

Cavalry,  30  regiments  and  26  independent  companies  ;  light  artillery,  6  batteries  ; 
engineers,  i  regiment  ;  infantry,  63  regiments  and  20  independent  companies. 
Total,  94  regiments,  46  companies,  and  6  batteries. 

WISCONSIN. 

Cavalry,  4  regiments;  heavy  artillery,  i  regiment;  light  artillery,  12  batteries; 
infantry,  53  regiments. 

Total,  58  regiments  and  12  batteries. 

IOWA. 

Cavalry,    9  regiments ;  light  artillery,   4  batteries  ;  infantry,    46  regiments,   of 
which  i  regiment  was  colored  troops. 
Total,  55  regiments  and  4  batteries. 

MINNESOTA. 

Cavalry,  2  regiments  and  10  independent  companies  ;  heavy  artillery,  i  regiment; 
light  artillery,  3  batteries;  infantry,  n  regiments. 

Total,  14  regiments,  10  companies,  and  3  batteries. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Cavalry,  2  regiments  and  4  independent  companies ;  infantry,  8  regiments,  and 
i  battalion  mountaineers. 

Total,  10  regiments,  i  battalion,  and  4  companies. 

KANSAS. 

Cavalry,  9  regiments  ;  light  artillery,  3  batteries  ;  infantr}r,  10  regiments  and 
5  independent  companies. 

Total,  19  regiments,  5  companies,  and  3  batteries. 

OREGON. 

Cavalry,  i  regiment ;  infantry,  i  regiment. 
Total,  2  regiments. 

NEVADA. 

Cavalry,  6  companies  ;  infantry,  3  companies 
Total,  9  companies. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

Infantry,  i  regiment. 


REGIMENTS,  BATTERIES  AND  COMPANIES.  613 

NEW  MEXICO  TERRITORY. 

Cavalry,  2  regiments  and  5  independent  companies ;  infantry,  6  regiments  and 
1 1  independent  companies. 

Total,  8  regiments  and  16  companies. 

NEBRASKA  TERRITORY. 

Cavalry,  2  regiments  and  4  independent  companies ;  infantry,  2  companies. 
Total,  2  regiments  and  6  companies. 

COLORADO  TERRITORY. 

Cavalry,  3  regiments  ;  light  artillery,  i  battery  ;  infantry,  2  companies. 
Total,  3  regiments,  2  companies,  and  i  battery. 

DAKOTA  TERRITORY. 
Cavalry,  2  companies. 


In  addition  to  these  organizations  from  States  and  Territories  there  were  in  the 
service  of  the  United  States  : 

UNITED  STATES  VETERAN  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY. 

(FIRST  ARMY  CORPS,  HANCOCK.) 
Engineers,  i  regiment ;  infantry,  9  regiments. 
Total,  10  regiments. 

UNITED  STATES  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY. 
Six  regiments  and  i  company. 

UNITED  STATES  COLORED  TROOPS. 

There  were  in  all  167  organizations,  but  31  of  these  were  included  in  State 
organizations,  and  are  therefore  omitted  in  this  enumeration.  The  remainder  were 
distributed  among  the  different  branches  of  the  service,  as  follows  : 

Cavalry,  6  regiments;  heavy  artillery,  n  regiments  and  4  independent  com 
panies  ;  light  artillery,  10  batteries ;  infantry,  102  regiments  and  18  independent 
companies. 

Total,  119  regiments,  22  companies,  10  batteries. 

VETERAN  RESERVE  CORPS. 

In  this  corps  there  were  24  regiments  and  187  independent  companies,  but  they 
were  composed  of  men  credited  to  volunteer  organizations. 

REGULAR  ARMY. 

In  the  Regular  Army,  or  permanent  establishment  of  the  military  forces,  of  the 
United  States  there  were  : 

Cavalry,  6  regiments  ;  artillery,  5  regiments  ;  infantry,  19  regiments. 
Total,  30  regiments. 


California  in  the  War. 


In  the  late  Civil  War  California  was  peculiarly  situated.  Though  the  loyalty  of 
the  larger  portion  of  the  population  was  unquestioned,  there  was  a  condition  of  affairs 
entirely  different  from  that  of  any  other  State  in  the  Union.  The  residents  were  com 
posed  of  immigrants  from  all  portions  of  the  United  States.  They  brought  with 
them,  very  naturally,  their  local  traditions  and  political  prejudices.  The  children 
born  on  the  soil  had  not  as  yet  attained  to  manhood,  and  there  was,  therefore,  no 
influential  class  entirely  disabused  of  opinions  formed  by  the  earlier  associations  of 
the  Atlantic  slope.  Men  were  Northern  or  Southern  in  their  political  views,  accord 
ing  as  to  which  section  was  the  place  of  their  birth.  There  were,  it  is  true,  instances 
in  which  residents  of  the  Pacific  coast,  who  had  been  born  South,  took  high  patriotic 
ground  in  favor  of  the  preservation  of  the  Union,  and  grand  credit  did  they  deserve 
for  this  ;  but  for  the  truth  of  history  it  must  be  acknowledged  that  the  great  majority 
of  the  Southern  population  were  strongly  on  the  side  of  the  place  of  their  nativity. 
Those  who  were  not  avowed  sympathizers  with  the  secession  movement  were  opposed 
to  any  attempt  by  force  of  arms  to  coerce  the  rebellious  States.  There  was  strong 
talk  of  an  independent  Pacific  republic,  and  the  reports  received  by  the  Administration 
as  to  what  would  be  the  stand  taken  by  California  were  so  conflicting  as  to  cause 
great  anxiety.  General  Edwin  V.  Suniner,  an  old  officer  of  the  Army  and  of  known 
loyalty,  was  hastily  and  secretly  sent  from  Washington  to  relieve  General  Albert 
Sidney  Johnston,  who  was  of  Southern  birth  and  affiliations,  from  command  of  the 
Military  Division  of  the  Pacific  and  the  command  of  the  Department  of  California. 
It  is  but  an  act  of  justice  to  the  memory  of  a  general,  who  afterwards  became  very 
distinguished  in  the  Confederate  cause,  to  say,  that  no  one  who  knew  General  Johnston 
now  doubts  that,  whatever  might  have  been  his  personal  feelings,  he  would  have  been 
true  to  the  flag  as  long  as  he  retained  his  commission  as  an  officer  of  the  United 
States  Army.  His  reputation  in  the  old  service  was  that  of  unquestioned  ability,  the 
highest  integrity,  and  the  keenest  sense  of  honor.  But  the  times  were  stormy,  and 
those  in  authority,  realizing  the  wide-spread  disaffection  among  officers  of  the  army 
and  navy,  scarce  knew  who  to  trust,  and  where  there  was  the  shadow  of  a  doubt 
deemed  that  the  occasion  demanded  prompt  action  of  removal,  and  entrusting  power 
to  those  wThose  fealty  was  beyond  question. 

General  Sumner  brought  with  him  full  authority  to  raise  and  equip  volunteer 
regiments,  and  to  place  California  in  a  complete  state  of  defense.  The  ease  with 
which  regiments  were  raised,"  and  the  numerous  and  enthusiastic  Union  meetings  in  all 
sections  of  the  State  soon  established  the  fact  that  California  was  overwhelmingly  a 
Union  State. 

The  officers  and  men  of  the  California  volunteer  regiments  were  all  in  hopes  that 
they  would  be  sent  East  to  participate  in  the  war.  A  large  majority  asserted  that, 
believing  there  was  no  fear  of  an  outbreak  at  home,  they  had  been  induced  to  enlist 

014 


CALIFORNIA   IN   THE   WAR.  615 

from  this  expectation.  The  officers  and  men  even  offered  to  contribute  largely  towards 
the  expense  of  transportation,  one  notable  instance  of  this,  elsewhere  also  alluded  to 
in  the  records,  is  that  of  Corporal  Goldthait,  3d  California  Infantry,  who  for  this 
purpose  tendered  the  colonel  of  his  regiment  a  certified  check  of  five  thousand  dollars. 
He  was  a  man  of  considerable  means  at  the  time  of  his  enlistment,  which  he  had  done 
solely  for  the  reason  before  stated. 

The  War  Department  thought  it  better  policy  to  keep  the  California  volunteers 
on  duty  nearer  home.  The  distance  across  the  plains  was  so  great,  and  would  require 
such  length  of  time  as  to  place  that  route  out  of  consideration,  and  the  other  by  mail 
steamer  to  Panama  and  via  the  isthmus,  involved  immense  expense  for  any  con 
siderable  body  of  troops.  Besides  which  the  Indians  were  restless,  and  in  many 
cases  openly  hostile  ;  then,  too,  the  Mormons  had  to  be  watched. 

Brigham  Young's  followers,  under  his  teachings,  were  all  at  heart  traitors,  and 
it  was  not  doubted,  if  a  favorable  opportunity  presented  itself,  would  do  all  the  mis 
chief  they  could.  So  the  California  troops  were  distributed  in  Utah  and  the  adjoining 
territories  ;  a  California  column  operating  in  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  and  even  as  far 
east  as  Northwestern  Texas.  They  had  arduous  marches  over  torrid  plains,  endured 
much  suffering  from  exposure,  were  constantly  engaged  on  scouting  parties,  and  fre 
quently  in  Indian  fights.  Those  with  the  Kiowas  and  Camanches  in  Texas,  with  the 
Navajoes  in  New  Mexico,  the  Apaches  in  Arizona,  and  the  battle  at  Bear  River,  are 
unsurpassed  in  the  annals  of  Indian  warfare.  Unlike  their  Eastern  comrades,  they 
had  no  opportunity  to  participate  in  any  great  battles,  but  they  did  their  duty, 
unpleasant  though  it  was,  in  a  soldierly  and  highly  creditable  manner. 

A  part  .of  the  volunteer  force  was  retained  in  the  vicinity  of  San  Francisco, 
because  the  forts  in  the  harbor  had  been  stripped  of  their  regular  garrisons,  who  had 
been  sent  East  to  join  their  respective  regiments,  and  the  volunteers  were  necessary, 
therefore,  to  meet  any  emergency  that  might  arise. 

In  addition  to  the  ten  regiments,  one  battalion,  and  four  companies  of  California  vol 
unteers,  there  were  the  California  Hundred  and  Battalion,  which  went  East  and  became 
part  of  the  Cavalry  Corps  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  They  participated  in  over  fifty 
engagements,  commencing  at  South  Ana  bridge,  Va. ,  and  ending  at  Appomattox.  There 
were  also  many  representatives  of  California  in  Eastern  regiments  ;  in  fact,  one  regi 
ment,  raised  through  the  exertions  of  Senator  Edward  Baker,  of  Oregon,  at  Phila 
delphia,  Pa.,  was  largely  composed  of  old  Galifornians,  and  was  generally  known  as 
the  "First  California."  Then,  too,  there  is  to  be  remembered  the  immense  contribu 
tions,  counting  up  into  the  millions  of  dollars,  sent  to  the  Sanitary  Fund  from  Cali 
fornia.  Altogether,  it  must  be  conceded  that  California  did  what  she  could  towards 
assisting  in  the  preservation  of  the  Union. 

These  remarks,  it  is  to  be  hoped,  will  be  considered  entirely  appropriate  in  a 
work  which,  though  containing  an  account  of  matters  relating  generally  to  affairs  of 
the  Grand  Army,  is  also  a  California  book,  and  its  editor  desires  distant  comrades  to 
understand  the  peculiar  situation  in  which  they  were  placed,  and  the  services  of  the 
California  volunteers. 


INDEX 


TO 


Records  of  Members  of  the  G.  A.  R. 


Abbott,  Cyrus  H 218 

Abbott,  E.  K 367 

Adams,  John  G.  B 502 

Adams,  Silas  P 472 

Adolph,  Charles 192 

Aldrich,  James  H 347 

Alexander,  William  R 189 

Alice,  Abraham 268 

Allen,  Francis  M 324 

Allen,  W.  I 494 

Allen,  E.  Livingston 517 

Allen,  Truman  H 527 

Allison,  Hugh  J 436 

Alversou,  David  B 552 

Amerman,  J.  B 480 

Ames,  Albert  N 270 

Anderson,  Henry  H 256 

Anderson,  Marion  T 310 

Andrews,  Jerome  A 543 

Archibald,  James 269 

Argo,  Solomon  D 390 

Arment,  William  H 378 

Armstrong,  George 292 

Armstrong,  Henry 184 

Armstrong,  William 236 

Arnold,  Pelig  B 159 

Arnold,  W.  H 173 

Ash,  Ferdinand 503 

Ashbaugh,  George  G 436 

Astholz,  Henry  A : 353 

Atwood,  Thomas  A 261 

Avery,  Charles  N 396 

Bailey,  Mahlon  G 253 

Baker,  Joseph  E 290 

Baker,  John 394 

Baldwin,  George  E 438 

Baldwin,  J.  E.  D 350 

Bane,  Moses  M 242 

Bangs,  Isaac  Sparrow 284 

Banning,  Granville  W 336 

Barber,  Rio  D 188 

Barbero,  John 380 

Barbour,  Joseph  Henry .- 532 

Barker,  Silas 348 

Barnett,  William  P 337 

Barnes,  Charles  T 518 

Barry,  James 169 

Bartch,  Frederick 376 

Barton,  Theodore  Ayeoult 162 

Beach,  Edwin  C 232 

Beath,  Robert  B 289 


Beal,  George  Lafayette 449 

Bell,  Horace 227 

Benedict,  Lafayette 388 

Bennett,  Thomas  W 524 

Benjamin,  Charles  W 513 

Bent,  Charles 224 

Bently,  George  W 251 

Bernard,  Fred  H 411 

Best,  John 394 

Beals,  William  E 269 

Bellamy,  Benson  Clarke 291 

Berry,  John  G 302 

Bicknell,  F.  D 372 

Bicknell,  F.  T 442 

Billings,  John  D 506 

Birdsall,  Samuel  T 518 

Bishop,  Walter  N 222 

Bivins,  B.  F '. 219 

Bixby,  H.  H 216 

Bixby,  Levi  R 541 

Blake,  Charles  Morris 404 

Blanchard,  Arza  C 379 

Blanchard,  Henry  R 444 

Blackburn,  Jacob  0 217 

Blackmor,  Nathan  L 328 

Bliffins,  Thomas  E 553 

Blinn,  Charles  H '. 345 

Blythe,  Smith  Green 282 

Bohn,  Ahiman  V 298 

Boles,  Thomas 271 

Bonnell,  John  C 531 

Booue,  John  L 510 

Booth,  Lucius  M 364 

Bowers,  Stephen 330 

Boyd,  William  S 235 

Boyenton,  J.  W 313 

Brack ett,  Albert  Gallatin 473 

Brackett,  Joseph  W 535 

Brady,  John  T 501 

Bradley,  W.  R 45 1 

Bragg,' Albert  L 294 

Branch,  William 164 

Brandt,  Frederick 463 

Brannan,  Benjamin  F 254 

Braids,  John 375 

Brickett,  Charles  H 432 

Briggs,  George  N 201 

Briley,  Samuel 366 

Brooks,  Elisha 552 

Brown,  Charles  Clinton 342 

Brown,  Charles  Coffin 264 

Brown,  George  L 275 


616 


INDEX  TO  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  G.  A.  R. 


617 


Brown,  John  Arthur 362 

Brown,  Louis  P 528 

Brown,  Nathaniel  B 384 

Brown,  W.  J 171 

Brown,  William  Harvey 158 

Brower,  Henry  J 488 

Bryant,  Samuel  Arthur  548 

Buckles,  A.  J 182 

Burdett,  Samuel  Swiufin 529 

Burger,  John  C.  S 305 

Burgess,  M.  D 254 

Burke,  Bartemas 507 

Burke,  Jerome  B 493 

Burnett,  William  T 365 

Burst,  John  W 547 

Buskirk,  J.  S 349 

Butterfield,  Augustus 247 

Bywater,  Wilfred 482 

Caldwell,  Henry  W 387 

Cameron,  John 507 

Campbell,  Murdock 445 

Cannon,  Edward  M 427 

Carey,  Charles  May 375 

Carson,  Erskine 400 

Carter,  A.  C 299 

Carter,  Wm.  B.  A 410 

Carriugton,  Joseph  H 297 

.Carlin,  John 432 

Carman,  William  E 538 

Carson,  Nathaniel  R 548 

Case,  Cyrus  C 425 

Case,  James  H 351 

Casey,  E.  B 544 

Cashin,  DeArcy  M 458 

Castle,  Henry  A : . .  . .  190 

Catlett,  Milton  S 299 

Caukin,  Garvin  E  . . . .". 542 

Chadeayne,  David  F 301 

Charles,  E.  W 160 

Charles,  Oliver  P 543 

Charnock,  Charles 380 

Cheek,  Philip,  Jr 300 

Chever,  Edward  English 492 

Childs,  George  T 281 

Chipman,  Norton  P 517 

Christman,  Henry 376 

Clancey,  Peter 223 

Clark,  Alpha 410 

Clark,  Charles  Asa 416 

Clark,  Charles  H 442 

Clark,  David 225 

Clark,  Michael  C 497 

Clark,  Zerah  P 491 

Clay,  Henry  DeB 379 

Cleveland,  Louis  C 368 

Cochen,  Fred 397 

Cochrane,  Adam  H 323 

Coffey,  H.  R 472 

Cohen,  George 181 

Cole,  Albert  V 232 

Cole,  Truman  W 341 

Coleman,  H.  G 444 

Coleman,  D.  C 507 

Collis,  Marcus  M 493 

Comfort,  Joseph 412 


Conder,  Shadrack  B.  A 294 

Condy,  Richard 168 

Condy,  William i"7 

Conger,  Arthur  L 5  r3 

Connor,  Patrick  Edward 353 

Connor,  Selden 549 

Conteruo,  Oltario  D 34° 

Corliss,  Stephen  P 53° 

Corson,  Moses  Silvester 324 

Cory,  Aaron 231 

Costello,  John 367 

Costello,  Michael 270 

Coulter,  Thomas  B 475 

Crary,  B.  F 426 

Creasey,  George  W 236 

Cromer,  Joseph 287 

Cronk,  Daniel 54* 

Cuddebeck,  Dewitt  C 54° 

Cudner,  A.  A 5°S 

Culver,  Frank  B 486 

Currier,  George  M 195 

Curtis,  J.  B 506 

Cushman,  Austin  Sprague 203 

Dalrymple,  George  Washington 205 

Daly,  John  S 295 

Dammon,  Stephen  D 317 

|  Dana,  John  Peterson 183 

Dassonville,  A.  A 348 

i  Davis,  Daniel  Mack 160 

Davis,  De  John  B 395 

Davis,  J.  W 347 

Davis,  James  M 5°9 

Davis,  William  B 303 

Davidson,  Alonzo  S 424 

Davidson,  Robert  Morton 293 

Day,  Deming  W.  H 365 

Dearborn,  H.  S 368 

De  Bord,  George  W 391 

Deck,  John  W.  . . 372 

De  Lacy,  William  L i/3 

Delehanty,  John 458 

:  Dennis,  John  B 230 

Depeubrack,  Bennett 416 

De  Turk,  J.  G 254 

Devens,  Charles 181 

Diamond,  Constantine 182 

Dickerson,  Livingston 220 

Dickinson,  Ashbury  S 252 

Dimond,  W.  H 55  * 

Dixon,  John  C 35° 

Dixon,  William  H 437 

Dodds,  Joseph  V 461 

Dodge,  McKendree  N 465 

Doe,  Charles  Henry 307 

Doherty,  Philip 352 

Donnelly,  Edward 322 

Drew,  Harvey  L 358 

Drexler,  Henry  Otto 265 

Dreyfus,  Abraham 362 

Dry,  Josiah  P 233 

Dudley,  Albert  Hanley 200 

Dudley,  William  Wade 267 

Duffy,  C.  J 245 

;  Dunegan,  Thomas  Marshall 249 

I  Dunton,  George  M 346 


618 


INDEX  TO  RECORDS   OF  MEMBERS 


Durett,  Lewis . 


PAGE. 

191 

Eaton,  Charles 242 

Ebbinger,  Lewis 331 

Eddy,  Frank  Marshall 207 

Eddy,  George  0 480 

Edmonds,  Charles  H . 325 

Edwards,  John  G 470 

Egbert,  Marion  D 258 

Elliott,  Robert  P 380 

Estabrook,  Alfred 269 

Estes,  Lamont  W 304 

Evans,  George  S 302 

Evans,  James  L 159 

Everhart,  Benjamin  F 318 

Ewing,  James  A 511 

Ewing,  Thomas  J 284 

Fairchild,  Lucius 278 

Falls,  R.  J 539 

Fancher,  M.  J 291 

Farley,  Joseph  R 342 

Farley,  Eben  C 229 

Farley,  William  D 342 

Fay,  Hamilton 1 79 

Fell,  Timothy 387 

Ficks,  George  \V 393 

Fielder,  George  B 441 

Finney,  James  C 246 

Fisher,  Albert  W 482 

Fisher,  George  S 275 

Fitzsimmons,  Charles 512 

Fletcher,  Abner  W 194 

Flory,  Manasses  Monroe 422 

Flynn,  Patrick 240 

Folk,  William 346 

Forrester,  James  D 399 

Foster,  B.  F 160 

Foster,  Everett  W 301 

Fox,  George  Willard 489 

Frary,  Franklin  G 200 

Fraser,  James  Primrose,  Jr 247 

Frazee,  Robert  S 433 

Frey,  Alexander 277 

Frey,  Edward  S 193   ! 

Frederick,  Aaron 373   \ 

Freese,  Charles  J 518 

Fritsch,  Jacob 163 

Frierson,  John  R 212    \ 

Friend,  John  C 300  J 

Frost,  Eli 474 

Frost,  M.  O   440 

Fuller,  M.  A 216 

Funk,  Benjamin  F 376 

Garrison,  Francis  M 399 

Garner,  William  B 434 

Gates,  Messenger  Everett - 344 

Gates,  William  K 431 

Gayuor,  Patrick 169 

Geer,  Henry  F 378 

German,  Daniel 246   ; 

Gibson,  Henry  R 216 

Gilbert,  William  Henry  ...    356 

Givin,  Samuel  Irwin 226 

Gobin,  John  P.  S 526   I 


Goodrue,  Felix 443 

Gordon,  Aaron 378 

Gorley,  H.  A 467 

Gould,  Guy  T 165 

Grant,  Ulysses  Simpson 545 

Grattan,  Christopher 157 

Graves,  Sewell  F 491 

Greaves,  David 368 

Gregory,  Thomas , 166 

Greene,  Henry  A 218 

Green,  Marvin  W 487 

Greenfield,  Milo  G 267 

Griffith,  Benjamin  A 393 

Griffith,  William  Emmor 223 

Griswold,  Loyal  D 369 

Griffin,  Robert 405 

Grow,  Ambrose 282 

Grosvenor,  Charles  Henry 504 

Grosvenor,  Daniel  A 535 

Gunter,  Hinson 459 

Gurrard,  Charles 373 

Guthrie,  Harrison  H , 423 

Hackney,  John 375 

Hadley,  Horace  L 364 

Hagan,  Martin 312 

Hale,  Hiel 400 

Hall,  Joseph  Charles 531 

Hamilton,  Ezra  M 457 

Hamlin,  Norman  Scott 483 

Hanson,  George  W 414 

Hanson,  Henry  W 471 

Handlin,  Joseph  J 268 

Hardembergh,  James  R 426 

Hardin,  Daniel  H 351 

Hare,  M.  B 308 

Hargesheimer,  Gustavus 188 

Hardesty,  A.  G 509 

Hargrave,  H 207 

Harney,  Henry  M 449 

Hammell,  John  F 344 

Harris,  Benjamin  W 163 

Harris,  George  L 516 

Harrison,  Joseph  W 225 

Hart,  Albert 444 

Hart,  Samuel  L 329 

Hartman,  George  W 244 

Hartranft,  John  F 520 

Hartzoke,  John 176 

Harvey,  Andrew  W 276 

Haskell,  Thomas  H 431 

Hatch,  Willard  0 450 

Hathorn,  Ransom  E 374 

Hauswirth,  Simon 180 

Hawkins,  George  W 389 

Hawkins,  M 506 

Hayes,  Benjamin 542 

Hayes,  Cameron 472 

Hayes,  Rutherford  B 515 

Healy,  James  J 311 

Heck,  Victor 165 

Hedges,  John  S 396 

Heilferty,  Robert  S 451 

Henderson,  Thotnas  H 390 

Henery,  Samuel 468 

Hennegin,  David 409 


GRAND  ARMY  OF    THE  REPUBLIC. 


619 


Hersey,  John  W 509 

Hettrick,  Charles 482 

Hicks,  Henry  George 258 

Hiends,  John  H 338 

Higgins,  John.      321 

Hill,  Herbert  E 551 

Hitchcock,   C.  N ' 327 

Hoagland,  H.  V 187 

Hodgson,  Woodard 462 

Hofers,  E 476 

Hogan,  Michael 443 

Holconib,  Olie  W 229 

Hollywood,  Andrew 235 

Holman,  Herman  C 319 

Holmes,  Walter  H 494 

Holscher,  Frank  H 365 

Holton,  Charles  Myron 226 

Hopkins,  A.  S 305 

Horlacher,  Frederick 172 

Home,  Charles  H 164 

Houghton,  Charles  H 540 

Howard,  James  W 212 

Howard,  Oliver  O 549 

Howe,  Thomas  H 462 

Howell,  Joshua  W 208 

Hubbard,  Charles  G 488 

Hubbard,  Cyrus  H 177 

Hubbard,  Henry  F 415 

Hubbard,  Lucius  F 332 

Huebschman,  John  B 308 

Huencke,  Robert 260 

Hull,  Charles  T 430 

Hull,  O.  H 366 

Hume,  Andrew  Jackson 200 

Humer,  John  S 540 

Hunter,  Jacob  M 201 

Hutchius,  Edward  R 359 

Hutchinson,  Robert 443 

Hutchinson,  William  F 204 

Hyde,  Joseph 495 

Hyde,  William  C 187 

Hyzer,  Joseph  H 393 

Iliff,  William  J 395 

Ingram,  Charles  H 501 

Isaacs,  Alfred  Solomon 464 

Ivory,  John  Augustine 208 

Jackson,  John  A 408 

Jardine,  Edward 170 

Jenkins,  James  E 519 

Jenkins,  Joseph  P 222 

Johnson,  Edward  P 382 

Johnson,  George  W 553 

Johnson,  R.  S 538 

Johnson,  Warren  L 263 

Johnson,  Wilhelm 166 

Johnston,  Francis  H 283 

Jones,  Leon  E 529 

Jones,  Prentiss  M 524 

Jordan,  Elmer  C 277 

Jordan,  John  C 471 

Keagle,  C.  H 183 

Keehn,  Harry 457 

Keeler,  Julius  M 437 


Keifer,  J.  Warren 525 

Kendall,  Thomas  Converse 485 

Kerlin,  Guinter  N 282 

Keyes,  Henry  M 392 

Kidder,  Clement  W 373 

Kiefer,  Daniel 215 

Kimball,  Charles  Bradbury 198 

Kimball,  John  W 500 

King,  George  W 552 

Kingston,  Samuel 402 

Kingsbury,  Selden  R 271 

Kinne,  C.  Mason 527 

Kirkpatrick,  Charles  A 424 

Knagi,  Fred 362 

Knight,  Henry 251 

Knox,  Samuel  B.  P 318 

Koster,  Frederick 266 

Kountz,  John  S 466 

Kuhnle,  Jacob 538 

Kutz,  Samuel 333 

Laage,  William  J.  F 525 

La  Forge,  Peter 171 

Lamb,  Frank  Henry 511 

Lane,  Isaac  R 357 

Lane,  Samuel  W 314 

Langmade,  Andrew  J 361 

Lashbrooks,  Eli  M 465 

Laux,  Carl,  Jr 455 

Laws,  William 164 

Lawson,  James  E 490 

Le  Chevallier,  Francis 420 

Lee,  George  Pierce 452 

Lee,  George  W 454 

Lee,  George  Washington 243 

Lee,  William  L 488 

Lewis,  John  R 505 

Libben,  John  Henry 195 

Lillie,  Gilbert  B 377 

Lindner,  Frederick 346 

Lindsey,  James  Wilson 356 

Linnell,  H.  H 308 

Linscott,  James  A 483 

Lissenden,  George. . . .' 502 

Littlefield,  L.  B 263 

Livingstone,  Charles  W 262 

Lochhead,  Oscar  F 297 

Logan,  I.  V.  B 162 

Logan,  John  A     515 

Lombard,  John  Edwin 255 

Long,  Jaspar  Perry 326 

Lonigan,  George 180 

Loomis,  H.  B 163 

Lord,  James  H 407 

Loring,  F.  H 547 

Loucks,  Garrett  D 525 

London,  William 184 

Luce,  Moses  A 1 78 

Ludwick,  E.  A 423 

Luitwieler,  Samuel  W 480 

Luiit,  Amos 483 

Lyman,  Sereno  B 244 

Lyon,  Elmore  C 186 

Lyon,  James  J 536 

Lyon,  Jehu  J 433 

Lyon,  John  L 490 


620 


INDEX  TO  RECORDS    OF  MEMBERS 


Maly,  Winslow 456 

MacMurphy,  John  A 398 

Madsen,  B.  I 189 

Madson,  B.  J 392 

Maguire,  Andrew  K 199 

Mallon,  John  H 319 

Manchester,  Luman  A 220 

Mann,  Samuel  B 415 

Mann,  Wesley  Smith 377 

Manneu,  William  P 414 

Martin,  George  W 403 

Martindale,  Albert 445 

Marshall,  Joseph  G 251 

Mason,  William  E 532 

Mather,  John  S 257 

Matteson,  Charles  Franklin 476 

Maydwell,  William  B 336 

McBride,  William 479 

McCarty,  Jerome  N 288 

McCasey,  John. 382 

McChesney,  John  B 412 

McCoy,  Charles  E 238 

McCoy,  Harrison 468 

McCoy,  Nelson  A 337 

McCormick,  A.  W 425 

McCormick,  Isaiah  H 391 

McConnell,  Robert 364 

McCullough,  Jethro  T 304 

McCumber,  Thomas  C 442 

McDonald,  Duncan  H 303 

McDonald,  James 1 74 

McElroy,  William 523 

McGrath,  Thomas  F 320 

McHenry,  William  A 401 

Mcjunkin,  Hugh  King 245 

McKeag,  William  H 452 

McKearney,  L 273 

McKinney,  Erastus  Root 340 

McLean,  Alfred  A 385 

McMahon,  Andrew  K 391 

McPhee,  Francis 477 

McPherson,  James  K 181 

Mead,  John  H 320 

Measure,  John  H 303 

Medley,  John  C 497 

Mellus,  Nathaniel  S 172 

Mendel,  Jacob 445 

Merrill,  Frank  A 472 

Merrill,  Frank  H 441 

Merrill,  George  S 461 

Merriam,  Charles  E 479 

Mewhinney,  John 502 

Meyer,  Charles  F 431 

Mills,  William  E 337 

Miller,  Edward  G 214 

Miller,  Frank 528 

Miller,  Jacob 478 

Miller,  Jerome 366 

Mitchell,  George  W : 447 

Mix,  C.  H 388 

Moloughney,  Patrick 252 

Montgomery,  Frank  P 255 

Moody,  Horace 256 

Moore,  Harry 335 

Moore,  John  N 334 

Moore,  William 478 


Morris,  Cornelius  R ' 439 

Morris,  Peter 177 

Morrison,  James  W 1 75 

Morrison,  Joseph 386 

Morrow,  Thomas  Zautzinger 221 

Mosher,  L.  E 383 

Mouriquand,  J.  Peter  D 245 

Muffly,  Joseph  W 428 

Mullins,  Henry  B 460 

Muudt,  A.  H 371 

Myrick,  George  W 409 

Nattinger,  Lyman  Leith 157 

Naughton,  Edward 455 

Needham,  Arnold  T 167 

Needham,  William  Conkliu 249 

Nelson,  David  B 202 

Newman,  W.  S 541 

Nile,  Nathaniel  B 554 

Ninas,  Emil  F 248 

Norgrove,  John 377 

Norton,  Gould  H 214 

Nye,  William  H 240 

Gates,  James 298 

Odell,  William  Shields 260 

Oeckel,  Charles 280 

Ogden,  Tully  A 185 

O'Grady,  Martin 272 

O'Grady,  William  L.  D 503 

Oliver,  Joseph  Campbell 261 

O'Neall,  Joseph  W 206 

Orr,  Charles  A 548 

Osborn,  Benjamin  A 514 

Osborn,  John 352 

Osier,  Charles 244 

Otis,  George  H 409 

Otto,  T 1 86 

Ousley,  George  W 481 

Ousterhout,  Jeremiah  D 428 

Owens,  Joseph  M 175 

Pabor,  Isaac 381 

Page,  Henry 429 

Palen,  Peter  E 389 

Palmer,  Henry  E 209 

Palmer,  John 217 

Palmer,  Perry 412 

Pansy,  Nicholas 444 

Parks,  Orrin  L 34<S 

Park,  Charles  Otis " 222 

Parker,  Aaron 183 

Parsons,  William 47 1 

Patch,  George  H 506 

Peard,  John  J 420 

Pearson,  J.  B 414 

Peck,  Clark 313 

Peck,  George  B.,  Jr 360 

Peck,  T.  S 306 

Peckham,  Joshua 309 

Pedlar,  Rudolph 295 

Perry,  Peter 511 

Peters,  W.  S 192 

Peterson,  Charles  Hiner 407 

Pettis,  George  Henry 250 

Pettitt,  James 460 


GRAND   ARMY  OF    THE  REPUBLIC. 


621 


Phifer,  Jacob  J 3*9 

Phillips,  Roswell  O.  P 376 

Pieper,  John  A.  F 17° 

Pierce,  George  W.  S 43° 

Pierce,  Warren  H 209 

Pierce,  William  H 554 

Pike,  Edward  M 528 

Porter,  David  D 521 

Post,  Philip  Sidney 286 

Potter,  John  D 428 

Powers,  George  H 439 

Prentiss,  Alonzo  T 4°2 

Prescott,  George  Henry 464 

Presson,  Reuben  B 253 

Price,  Daniel 257 

Prior,  James 453 

Purdy,  Theodore  V 492 

Putnam,  George  A 283 

Quigley,  William  J 315 

Quiuii,  George  F 422 

Ralston,  Clark 264 

Rawlings,  Benjamin  W 274 

Rea,  Francis 363 

Rea,  John  Patterson 296 

Rector,  Edwin 158 

Reddy,  William  C 285 

Reed^  Horra  William ...   343 

Reid,  Robert  King 176 

Renfro,  John  'G 491 

Repholt,  Theodore 241 

Reynolds,  John  A 516 

Revnerson,  Jacob 501 

Rhodes,  B.  J 196 

Rice,  Judson 328 

Richardson,  A.  H.  G 513 

Richmond,  Hiram  Hoyt 221 

Riggen,  John  Alexander 413 

Robarts,  Orlando  Parry 436 

Roberts,  William  H 186 

Robinson,  John  C 526 

Rochat,  Louis 359 

Rodriguez,  Jose  M 288 

Rogers,  Horatio 470 

Rogers,  William  F 533 

Rogers,  William  R 374 

Rolisou,  Lews  T 296 

Rosecrans,  William  Starke 202 

Ross,  Ichabod  0 501 

Ross,  Marcellus 248 

Ross,  William  E.  W 175 

Roth,  Hillarous 433 

Royce,  Charles  C 292 

Royce,  Clark  E 519 

Rudolph,  August 330 

Runnels,  Vitalis  S 241 

Russell,  Edward  K 185 

Russell,  John  H 249 

Saddlemire,  Denson  C 526 

Salomon,  Edward  S 495 

Sampson,  Samuel 498 

Sampson,  William 411 

Savage,  James  Woodruff 512 

Sawyer,  Elbert  Henry 441 


Savers,  Henry  C 279 

Sayles,  Joseph  I . , 538 

Schell,  Herrick  R 371 

Schuetz,  Steven 178 

Scott,  Edward 168 

Sears,  George  C 514 

Sebrey,  Frank 530 

Secord,  James  K 309 

Seftoii,  Anthony  W 351 

Sells,  Elijah 533 

Sessions,  Milan  H 191 

Severens,  Jesse  D 180 

Shafer,  Austin  C 455 

Shanafelt,  Thomas  M 239 

Shanklin,  William  B 273 

Shaw,  Ira  C 339 

Shaw,  James  Knox  Polk 331 

Shaw,  Sydney  F 439 

Shea,  Daniel 356 

Sheldon,  A.  P 487 

Sheridan,  Philip  H 534 

Sherman,  William  Tecumseh 417 

Sherwood,  Isaac  R 237 

Shirland,  Edrnond  D 333 

Shoemaker,  J.  J 174 

Shreve,  Thomas  J 325 

Sickles,  Daniel  E 543 

Simon,  Joseph 166 

Simmons,  W.  T 331 

Skidmore,  Thomas  B 497 

Slawson,  Randolph  E 299 

Slocum,  Henry  E 413 

Slocum,  Henry  W 544 

Smedberg,  William  Renwick 210 

Smelser,  John  R 335 

Smith,  David  A 336 

Smith,  David  P 45 1 

Smith,  Edward  A 437 

Smith,  Edward  H 361 

Smith,  Francis  M 395 

Smith,  Frank  A 344 

Smith,  George  L 479 

Smith,  Hanse  H 383 

Smith,  John  \V 337 

Smith,  Ransford 190 

Smelling,  John  A 304 

Snyder,  Henry  T 417 

Spalsbury,  Edgar 523 

Spellman,  A.  G 385 

Spencer,  J.  C.  M 172 

Sperry,  J.  Austin 184 

Spinney,  Robert  M 386 

Spohr,  H.  M 503 

Sprague,  Frank  Harris 498 

Staples,  James  W 486 

Starkhouse,  Herbert  R 465 

Starkweather,  Perry 307 

Steedman,  James  B 496 

Stephens,  J.  W 196 

Stephens,  William  L 514 

Stevens,  Abram  R .  / 276 

Stevens,  John  B 317 

Stewart,  Lemuel  H 508 

Stewart,  George  Washington 231 

Stickle,  Griffin 381 

Still,  John  Wesley 459 


INDEX  TO  RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS  G.  A.  R. 


Stillwell,  George  F 539 

Stockwell,  Americus  V 159 

Stone,  Israel  W ....*". ]  99 

Stone,  Henry  J 488 

Stoneman,  George 469 

Stout,  John  C 287 

Stover,  E.  S 477 

Stuart,  Absalom  B 498 

Sullivan,  Jeremiah 475 

Summons,  James  B.  Lovell 179 

Surles,  William  H 553 

Sutherland,  W.  F 334 

Sutphen,  C.  T 327 

Swain,  Edgar  Denman 274 

Swallow,  John  P 293 

Swaysgood,  J.  W 487 

Sylvester,  Wm.  H 449 

Tabor,  Isaac 168 

Talcott,  Harvey  D 438 

Tambling,  V.  A 468 

Tanner,  James 523 

Taylor,  John 508 

Taylor,  Stuart 446 

Taylor,  Thomas  S 512 

Taylor,  William  Edwin 484 

Teeple,  W.  D 315 

Tendge,  John 374 

Terrell,  William  Jones 500 

Terrill,  J.  Newton 192 

Thomas,  David 171 

Thomas,  H.  0 403 

Thomas,  Orion  T 401 

Thomas  Richard  P 499 

Thompson,  Charles  R 533 

Thompson,  Hiram  P 329 

Thompson,  John 478 

Thompson,  James  Danforth 234 

Thompson,  Moses  H 343 

Thornburg,  Isaac  A 398 

Thornburg,  William  H 450 

Thorne,  William  S   335 

Thorpe,  David  N 265 

Tibbitts,  George  W . .   339 

Tobias,  John  Milton 259 

Todd,  Henry  H 405 

Tomaseck,  Joseph 238 

Toole,  Thomas  J 450 

Tracy,  Franklin  G 259 

Trammell,  J.  J 454 

Travis,  William 191 

Treadwell,  Geo.  Hooker 196 

Tripp,  Daniel  D 163 

Troxell,  Franklin  C 347 

Turner,  George  M 469 

Tyson,  Wm.  W 228 

Uhdeu,  Henry  J 493 

Umbarger,  Austin  F [ 334 

Underwood,  Adin  B 542 

Upton,  John •  219 

Van  Der  Voort,  Paul , 357 

Van  Home,  James  W 453 

Vanosdol,  Argos  D 510 

Vaughn,  Edward 341 


Vaughn,  Walter  W 164 

Veon,  Andrew  E 161 

Vernon,  G.  W.  F 367 

Vincent,  O.  B 167 

Von  Meyerhoff,  C 490 

Voorhis,  Aurelius  S 197 

Vredenburgh,  Thomas  D 288 

Wade,  William  P 381 

Wagner,  Louis 434 

Walker,  George  A 285 

Walker,  James  F 369 

Walkinshaw,  Joseph  C 370 

Wallace,  Joseph  M 273 

Ward,  Philip 475 

Wardleigh,  H.  C 400 

Warfield,  R.  H 421 

Warner,  George  A 295 

Warren,  Charles  F 383 

Warren,  Charles  S 205 

Watson,  Willis  H 530 

Weamer,  Israel  R 521 

Weaver,  Edward  M 408 

Weaver,  Leroy  B 481 

Webb,  M.  S 170 

Weber,  F.  H.  L 321 

Wells,  Henry  C 481 

Wells,  Howard  W 537 

\Vells,  Joseph  P 389 

West,  Peter , 246 

Wheat,  Felix  M 193 

Wheeler,  Stephen 504 

White,  William  H 169 

White,  James  B 250 

Whitefield,  Rogoald  E 474 

Whitmore,  Benjamin  F 280 

Whitney,  Edmund  C 193 

Whitney,  John  D 248 

Whitney,  John  J 427 

Whittemore,  James  Bayard 447 

Whittum,  Stephen  Chace 413 

Wickham,  George  R 345 

Wilburn,  James  P 326 

Williams,  David. 384 

Williams,  Ebenezer 166 

Wilson,  Albion  P 363 

Wilson,  Charles  Edward 456 

Wilson,  Japhet 285 

Winans,  James  L, 542 

Wiuchell,  Heman  P 289 

Winkleman,  William  H 272 

Winter,  F 483 

Wise,  P.  V 266 

Wood,  Amos  A 453 

Wood,  Benjamin  F 520 

\Voods,  John  L.,  Jr 291 

Worcester,  H.  B 256 

Worthen,  George  W 475 

Wright,  James  R 321 

Wright,  William  Henry 435 

Wythe,  Joseph  H 349 

York,  A.  S 1 74 

Young,  Carlos  George •  363 

Young,  Charles  L 316 

Young,  Eleazer  J 463 


INDEX  TO  CONTENTS. 


ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC 32-42 

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S  REPORT 76 

ADJOURNMENT 155 

BUSINESS  SESSION  OF  TWENTIETH  NATIONAL  ENCAMPMENT 57-155 

S.  S.  Burdett,  Commander-in-Chief — Address 57~75 

Reports 58 

Membership 58 

Suspended  and  Dropped  Members 58-59-60 

Finances 60 

Charity  and  Relief  Fund 60-61 

Departments 61 

Badges 61-62-63 

Omitted  Corps  Marks,  New  Designs 63-64 

Official  Decisions 64-65-66 

Official  Visits 66-67 

Women's  Relief  Corps 67-68 

Sons  of  Veterans 68 

Veterans'  Rights  Union 68-69 

Pensions 69-70-71 

Memorial  Day 71-72,  81-82 

.Memoriam 72-73 

Grant  Memorial  Fund 73-74 

CALIFORNIA  IN  THE  WAR 614-615 

CASES  UNDER  ADVISEMENT *. 115-116 

COMMITTEE  ON  ADDRESS  OF  COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF  .   .   . 95-96 

COMMITTEE  ON  ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S  REPORT 114 

COMMITTEE  ON  CREDENTIALS 79 

COMMITTEE  ON  JUDGE-ADVOCATE-GENERAL'S  REPORT 115 

COMMITTEE  ON  PENSIONS 101-102 

COMMITTEE  ON  QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL'S  REPORT 100-101 

COMMITTEE  ON  RESOLUTIONS 99,  116,  149-150 

COMMITTEE  ON  RULES  AND  REGULATIONS 79-85,  142-143-144-145 

Department  Council  of  Administration So 

Meetings  of  the  National  Encampment 80 

Adjournment 80 

Application  for  Membership Si 

Past  Quartermaster 82 

Tactics 82 

Arrearages 82-83-84 

Past  Officers      • 84-85 

COMMITTEES  OF  THE  ENCAMPMENT 75-76 

COMMUNICATIONS 77-78 

ELECTION  OF  OFFICERS 135-155 

Commander-in-Chief 135-142 

Senior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief 145-146 

Junior  Vice-Commander-in-Chief 146-147-148-149 

Surgeon-General ' 151-152 

Chaplain-in-Chief I52-i53~i54-i55 

National  Council  of  Administration  .    ' 155 

HISTORY  OF  ARMY  CORPS  AND  BADGES 591-598 

HISTORY  OF  THE  GRAND  ARMY  OF  THE  REPUBLIC 6-16 

623 


624 


INDEX  TO  SPEECHES  AND  ADDRESSES. 


IMPORTANT  EVENTS  OF  THE  CIVIL  WAR 555-582 

MINORITY  REPORT  OF  COMMITTEE  ON  RESOLUTIONS 116-117 

NATIONAL  AND  DEPARTMENT  OFFICERS •   •   • 599-608 

NUMBER  OF  MEN  CALLED  FOR  BY  THE  PRESIDENT,  ETC ,  583-590 

QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL'S  REPORT *        76-77 

REGIMENTS,  BATTERIES,  AND  COMPANIES  FROM  EACH  STATE 609-613 

TWENTIETH  NATIONAL  ENCAMPMENT 17-155 

Reception  of  Comrades,  Decoration  of  City,  Entertainments,  and  Excursions,     17-57 
TWENTY-FIRST  ENCAMPMENT 126-135 


INDEX  OF  SPEECHES  AND  ADDRESSES. 


Adams,  John  G.  B.. I54-I55 

Allen,  Thos.  S 97 

Austin,  D.  R 89 

Barnes,  W.  H.  L 20-22,  145-146 

Bartlett,  Washington 24-25,  43 

Beaver,  James  A 45 

Beath,  R.  B 87,  133-134,  143 

Bennett,  T.  W 120 

Billings,  John  D 152 

Burdett,  Samuel  S 25-27,  57,  75,  79, 

94,  102-103,  II4,  125-126,  155 
Burst,  J.  W 142 

Campbell,  A.  B 91-92,  124,  129-130, 

149-150,  153-154 

Caukins,  G.  E 152-153 

Chamberlain,  James 126-127 

Chipman,  N.  P 87,  94 

Clark,  C.  T 154 

Cole,  Frank  0 147 

Conger,  Arthur  L 146 

Day,  D.  W.  H 144-^45 

Dimond,  W.   H 27-28 

Dwyer,  G.  B 45 

Dyer,  D.  P 131-132 

Earl,  M.  C 85-86,  130 

Fairchild,  Lucius 47,  98,  142,  155 

Feighan,  J.  W 147 

Fisher,  J.  W 138 

Foster,  David  N 153 

Gobin,  J.  P.  S ioo,  146 

Goff,  John  B.  H 149 

Grey,  E.  B 141,  142 

Grosvenor,  C.  H.  .   103,  121,  122,  148,  151,  154 
Grosvenor,  D.  A 91,  128,  143,  147 

Hamlin,  A.  C 126 

Hedges,  Ira  M 146 

Hicks,  Henry  G 102,  137,  138 

Higby,  W.  H 152 

Howell,  Charles  E. 


Keyes,  E.  D 44 

King,  Geo.  W 149 

King,  H.  C 27,  47,  52 

Kountz,  John  S 124,  1 25 

Lloyd,  H.  P 140,  141 

Logan,  John  A 30,  32 

Loriug,  E.  B 102,  117,  118,  125,  126 

Macy,  E.  B 140 

McKinley,  William, 148 

McMahon,  Martin  T 42,  43 

McNair,  W.  S 149 

Merrill,  George  S 90,  91,  102,  114, 

118,  119,   120,  145,  147,  150,  151 

Palmer,  John 136,  137 

Patch,  George  H...   87,  88,  122,  123,  124,  136 

Pixley,  F.  M 45,  46 

Post,  Philip  Sidney 135,  136 

Rassieur,  Leo 90,  154 

Rea,  John  P 142 

Reddy,  W.  C 147 

Reynolds,  John  A 86,  142 

Rheinoehl,  A.  C 138 

Salomon,  E.  S 44,  93 

Sampson,  A.  J 85,  86,  87,  151,  152 

Sayles,  J.  1 139,  140,  146,  147,  J5i 

Shaw,  S.  F 152 

Sherman,  W.  T 28,  30,  46,  47, 

103-114,  130,  131 
Stoneman,  George  22,  24,  43 

Tanner,  James 77,  78,  98,  99,  too, 

102,  142,  150 
Taylor,  Stuart.. 32,  42,  52,  53,  92,  93,  132,  133 

Thayer,  John  M 120 

Tobin,  Richard  F 88,  89,  146 

Van  DerVoort,  Paul ioo,  133,  134 

West,  Isaac  E I41 

Winters,  E.  E 127,  128 

Woodworth,  L.  D 154,  *55 


SEOOISTID 


OF 


RECORDS  OF  MEMBERS 


OF    THE 


rand  Army  of  the  Republic 

EDITED  BY  WM.  H.  WARD 

CONTAINING  A  CONCISE  HISTORY  OF  THE  ORDER,  ITS  GROWTH   AND   USEFUL 

NESS.    A  CHRONOLOGICAL  SUMMARY  OF  THE  IMPORTANT  EVENTS   OF 

THE  CIVIL  WAR,  BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES  OF  MEMBERS  OF  THE 

GRAND   ARMY  OF  THE  REPUBLIC,   AND  ALL  IMPOR 

TANT     LAWS     RELATING     TO     PENSIONS. 


A  Complete  and  Accurate  Account  of  the 

Mwertty  =  Q^irst    Uatierial 


WILL  BE  PUBLISHED  DURING  THE  YEAR  1887,  AND  FURNISHED  SUBSCRIBERS, 

INCLUDING    BIOGRAPHICAL   NOTICE,    AT   THE 

FOLLOWING  RATES  : 

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Address  all  Communications  to 

WM.  H,  WARD, 

806  MARKET  STREET, 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA. 


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